Composite plate type heat insulation system of independent liquid tank and installation method

Abstract

The invention provides a composite plate type heat insulation system of an independent liquid tank and an installation method, the composite plate type heat insulation system is used for heat insulation of a ship liquid tank, and the composite plate type heat insulation system comprises a guide plate laid on the overall outer surface of the ship liquid tank; the heat insulation parts are of a multi-stage step tower structure, and the multiple heat insulation parts are laid on the outer surface of the flow guide plate in an array mode; the fixing assemblies are arranged between the joints of the adjacent heat insulation parts so that the flow guide plate and the heat insulation parts can be installed on the outer surface of the ship liquid tank. According to the technical scheme, by optimizing the design of the prefabricated heat insulation plate, the design period is shortened, the installation process is simplified, the cost is reduced, and the heat insulation effect is improved; the prefabricated heat insulation plate is fixed through the fixing assembly, the machining and mounting difficulty of the heat insulation system is lowered, the good quality level can be kept, and the reliability of the system is improved. The composite plate type heat insulation system of the independent liquid tank is reliable in structure, high in strength and capable of providing a good heat insulation function in a low-temperature environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of shipbuilding, and particularly relates to a composite plate thermal insulation system for an independent liquid tank and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The liquid-tight shell used to load cryogenic liquid cargo on a liquefied gas carrier is called a liquid cargo tank. The types of liquid cargo tanks include the thin-film type and the independent type, and the independent type includes Type A, Type B, and Type C. Due to its large space, no limitation on the liquid cargo loading volume, small daily evaporation rate of the liquid cargo, and convenience in installation and maintenance, the independent liquid tank has long been used in ships for transporting liquid ammonia, liquefied petroleum gas, liquefied natural gas, ethane, etc. Its thermal insulation system is different from the relatively mature thin-film type liquid tank in current technology. The structure of the independent liquid tank is relatively complex and has a large deformation under low-temperature working conditions. Therefore, a plate-type thermal insulation system with high strength needs to be installed on the outer surface of the liquid tank. However, the existing plate-type thermal insulation system has a long design cycle, difficult joint installation, poor thermal insulation effect, and complex overall process, and there is often a large difference between the actual effect and the theoretical design.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a technical solution that can effectively improve or solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide a composite plate thermal insulation system for an independent liquid tank and an installation method thereof, so as to solve one or more of the problems such as the long design cycle, complex shape and structure, need for a dedicated production line, large cost investment, and complex installation process of the existing ship hull thermal insulation system.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a composite plate thermal insulation system for an independent liquid tank, which is used for the thermal insulation of a ship liquid tank and includes:

[0006] A flow guide plate, which is laid on the overall outer surface of the ship liquid tank;

[0007] A thermal insulation part, the thermal insulation part is a multi-stage stepped tower structure, and a plurality of the thermal insulation parts are arrayed and laid on the outer surface of the flow guide plate;

[0008] A fixing component, which is arranged between the joints of adjacent thermal insulation parts to install the flow guide plate and the thermal insulation part on the outer surface of the ship liquid tank. The multi-layer opening design of the flow guide plate forms a leakage liquid flow channel to reduce heat convection; the stepped structure of the thermal insulation part disperses stress, avoids joint cracking and has a more excellent thermal insulation effect; the flow guide plate and the thermal insulation part are arranged on the outer surface of the ship liquid tank through the fixing component, enhancing the overall stability of the system.

[0009] In some embodiments, it further includes a joint part located between the thermal insulation parts, and the joint part at least includes a branch joint plate and a strip joint plate; wherein,

[0010] The strip joint plate is arranged at the joint between two adjacent heat insulation parts;

[0011] The branch joint plate is arranged at the central joint of several adjacent heat insulation parts. The branches of the branch joint plate extend from the center to the gap between two adjacent heat insulation parts and are butted with the strip joint plate. The cross-shaped branch joint plate covers the central joints of four heat insulation parts, and the strip joint plate fills the linear joints, forming a continuous heat insulation barrier to reduce heat transfer through the joints. Through the combined design of the branch joint plate and the strip joint plate, multi-directional joints are effectively filled to ensure the heat insulation effect.

[0012] In some embodiments, a joint protective layer is further included, which covers the upper surface of the joint part and partially overlaps with the upper surface of the heat insulation part. The joint protective layer overlaps with the heat insulation part to enhance the joint sealing performance and improve the durability of the system.

[0013] In some embodiments, the flow guiding plate is a multi-layered perforated elastic pressure-bearing structure, including at least one high-density heat insulation foam material such as polyurethane, polyimide or polytetrafluoroethylene. The flow guiding plate is installed on the outer surface of the ship's liquid tank through a fixing component. The flow guiding plate made of the above materials has high density characteristics to withstand the deformation pressure of the liquid tank, and at the same time has a low thermal conductivity to reduce heat conduction, combining mechanical strength and heat insulation performance.

[0014] In some embodiments, the heat insulation part includes an inner heat insulation layer, an outer heat insulation layer, heat insulation blocks and a protective layer; among them,

[0015] The inner heat insulation layer has an internal cavity formed by surrounding the bottom plate and the outer side wall of the inner heat insulation layer;

[0016] The outer heat insulation layer is stacked on the inner heat insulation layer and has a hollow cavity formed by surrounding the outer side wall of the outer heat insulation layer;

[0017] The heat insulation blocks penetrate through the hollow cavity of the outer heat insulation layer and are embedded in the internal cavity of the inner heat insulation layer;

[0018] The protective layer is laid on the upper surface of the heat insulation blocks and covers part of the outer heat insulation layer. The heat insulation blocks are embedded in the inner heat insulation layer, and their ultra-low thermal conductivity is used to block heat transfer; the outer heat insulation layer and the protective layer form a physical barrier to prevent external heat radiation. Through the nested structure of the inner / outer heat insulation layers and the heat insulation blocks, multi-layer heat insulation is realized to meet the requirements of ultra-low temperature environments.

[0019] In some embodiments, the outer side wall of the inner heat insulation layer includes at least two levels of stepped structures;

[0020] The outer side wall of the outer heat insulation layer includes at least two levels of stepped structures, and the bottom surface of the outer heat insulation layer is located within the top surface area of the inner heat insulation layer, so as to form a multi-level stepped tower structure from the inner heat insulation layer to the outer heat insulation layer. The outer stepped structures are staggeredly distributed. On the one hand, it is convenient for its own installation and fixation, reducing the deformation caused by temperature. On the other hand, it effectively blocks heat transfer and ensures the temperature inside the liquid tank.

[0021] In some embodiments, a flexible heat insulation part is filled in the joint between adjacent heat insulation parts, and the flexible heat insulation part fills the gap between the heat insulation part and the joint part. Filling the joint with flexible heat insulation material can absorb the deformation stress at the joint, avoid the expansion of the gap caused by temperature difference, compensate for the deformation of thermal expansion and contraction, and maintain the continuity of heat insulation.

[0022] In some embodiments, the fixing assembly is arranged in the joint between two adjacent heat insulation parts and passes downward through the flow guiding plate to be fixed on the outer surface of the ship liquid tank;

[0023] The fixing assembly includes a pre-embedded part passing through the flow guiding plate and aligned with the joint of the heat insulation part, and a connecting assembly lapping on the bottommost step of the outer side wall of the heat insulation part. The connecting assembly is connected with the pre-embedded part to fix the position of the heat insulation part. The fixing assembly is fixed on the liquid tank surface through the pre-embedded part, improving the installation accuracy and anti-peeling strength of the heat insulation part.

[0024] In some embodiments, the connecting assembly includes a lapping part. The lapping part includes a first part in a "concave" shape and a second part located at both ends of the upper edge of the "concave" structure and lapping on the stepped structure of the heat insulation part. Among them, the first part is located between the joints of adjacent inner heat insulation layers, and a connecting piece is arranged at the lower end of the first part. The connecting piece is connected with the lower pre-embedded part through a sleeve. The threaded connection design of the pre-embedded part and the sleeve ensures uniform stress of the fixing piece and avoids the shedding caused by stress concentration at the welding point of the pre-embedded part. The folded edge of the lapping part is embedded into the step to form a buckle structure, enhancing the bonding strength between the fixing assembly and the heat insulation part.

[0025] In some embodiments, the connecting assembly further includes a top plate, and the top plate covers the upper part of the first part of the "concave" structure and extends to both sides to cover the upper surface of the second part.

[0026] In some embodiments, a heat insulation filling block is further embedded in the space formed between the top plate and the lapping part. The heat insulation filling block fills the gap, reduces the heat conduction path, and disperses the external load at the same time.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for installing a composite plate type heat insulation system for an independent liquid tank, which at least includes the following steps:

[0028] S100: Prepare the flow deflector, heat insulation part, fixing components, joint part, and protective layer according to the specifications of the ship's liquid tank;

[0029] S200: Perform mesh division on the outer surface of the ship's liquid tank and determine the positions of the fixing components;

[0030] S300: Grind the outer surface of the ship's liquid tank at the positioned positions of the fixing components, install embedded parts, and the angle between the embedded parts and the outer surface of the ship's liquid tank is 87° - 93°;

[0031] S400: Lay the flow deflector on the outer surface of the ship's liquid tank and make the embedded parts pass upward through the flow deflector;

[0032] S500: Install the heat insulation part within the defined interval of the embedded parts. The installation sequence of the heat insulation part is the inner heat insulation layer, heat insulation blocks, outer heat insulation layer, and protective layer in turn. And use adhesives to connect each component during the installation process, and complete the fixation of the heat insulation part through the fixing components;

[0033] S600: Install branch joint plates at the joints of four adjacent heat insulation parts;

[0034] S700: Install strip joint plates at the joints of two adjacent heat insulation parts;

[0035] S800: Install a protective layer on the surface of the joint part. The protective layer covers the upper surface of the joint part and partially overlaps with the upper surface of the heat insulation part.

[0036] In some embodiments, the installation method of the composite plate type heat insulation system is applicable to ships with liquid tank structures such as rhombic tanks, square tanks, special-shaped tanks, or spherical tanks.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] This application provides a composite plate type heat insulation system for an independent liquid tank. By optimizing the design of the prefabricated heat insulation plates, the design cycle is shortened, the installation process is simplified, the cost is reduced, and the heat insulation effect is improved; the fixation of the prefabricated heat insulation plates is realized through the fixing components, the processing and installation difficulty of the heat insulation system is reduced, a good quality level can be maintained, and the reliability of the system is improved. The composite plate type heat insulation system for the independent liquid tank in this application has a reliable structure, high strength, and can provide good heat insulation function in a low-temperature environment. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0039] Figure 1 It shows a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the composite plate type heat insulation system provided by this application;

[0040] Figure 2 It shows an overall structural schematic diagram of the composite plate type heat insulation system provided by this application;

[0041] Figure 3 Shown is a schematic structural assembly diagram of the heat insulation part provided by the present application;

[0042] Figures 4a to 4b Shown is a schematic structural diagram of the branch joint plate provided by the present application;

[0043] Figures 5a to 5c Shown is a schematic structural diagram of the strip joint plate provided by the present application;

[0044] Figure 6 Shown as Figure 1 a partial enlarged schematic diagram;

[0045] Figure 7 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of the lapping part provided by the present application;

[0046] Figure 8 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a ship liquid tank applicable to the composite plate type heat insulation system provided by the present application.

[0047] In the figure:

[0048] 100, ship liquid tank; 200, flow guiding plate; 300, heat insulation part; 310, inner heat insulation layer; 311, first inner layer step; 312, second inner layer step; 320, outer heat insulation layer; 321, first outer layer step; 322, second outer layer step; 323, third outer layer step; 330, heat insulation block; 340, protective layer; 350, flexible heat insulation part; 400, fixing assembly; 410, embedded part; 420, connecting assembly; 421, lapping part; 4211, first part; 4212, second part; 422, top plate; 423, heat insulation repair block; 430, sleeve; 500, joint part; 510, joint repair block; 520, branch joint plate; 530, strip joint plate; 600, joint protective layer. Detailed implementation manners

[0049] In the prior art, independent liquid tanks mostly adopt plate-type or sprayed thermal insulation structures, but there are still many significant defects in their construction technology, structural strength or service performance. For example, although the traditional plate-type thermal insulation system has high strength, its design cycle is long, the joint installation process is complex, and the joint treatment between prefabricated thermal insulation boards easily leads to deterioration of thermal insulation performance. Patent CN115158555A discloses a technical solution of a B-type liquid tank composite thermal insulation system with a single-layer prefabricated board covered with sprayed foam, which has problems such as high construction difficulty and poor operability; while the double-layer thermal insulation board design of patent CN114458953A is difficult to meet the cold insulation requirements of cryogenic (such as < -60°C) liquid cargo. In addition, in the prior art, the fixing components mostly rely on special grooving structures, resulting in high installation accuracy requirements and increased costs, and the joints of the thermal insulation layer are prone to cracking under low-temperature deformation, affecting the reliability of the system. Although the sprayed thermal insulation system is convenient for construction, its bonding strength is insufficient, it is easy to fall off under the condition of large deformation of the liquid tank, and it is difficult to meet the high-strength thermal insulation requirements. There is a lack of a solution in the prior art that can balance both structural strength and thermal insulation performance, simplify the installation process, and reduce costs. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new type of composite plate-type thermal insulation system to solve the above technical bottlenecks by optimizing the prefabricated board structure, joint treatment plan, and fixing component design.

[0050] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation manners of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation manners. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0051] For the convenience of description, spatial relationship terms such as "beneath", "below", "lower than", "under", "above", "on" may be used herein to describe the relationship between one element or feature shown in the drawings and other elements or features. It will be understood that these spatial relationship terms are intended to encompass other directions of the device in use or operation in addition to the directions depicted in the drawings. In addition, when a layer is referred to as being "between" two layers, it can be the only layer between the two layers, or there can be one or more intervening layers. As used herein, "between... and..." means including the endpoint values.

[0052] In the context of the present application, the structure in which the first feature is "above" the second feature described may include embodiments in which the first and second features are formed in direct contact, and may also include embodiments in which additional features are formed between the first and second features, such that the first and second features may not be in direct contact.

[0053] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in this embodiment only schematically illustrate the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, only the components related to the present invention are shown in the illustrations, rather than being drawn according to the number, shape, and size of the components in actual implementation. The type, quantity, and proportion of each component in actual implementation can be arbitrarily changed, and the component layout type may also be more complex.

[0054] Embodiment 1:

[0055] See Figures 1 to 8 , this embodiment provides a composite plate adiabatic system for an independent liquid tank, which is used for adiabatic of the ship's liquid tank 100. For the convenience of understanding and explanation, Figure 1 only a part of the adiabatic system located on the upper surface of the ship's liquid tank 100 is shown. The ship's liquid tank 100 can be any form of liquid tank in the prior art, such as Figure 8 the rhombic tank, square tank, special-shaped tank, or spherical tank shown, etc. The composite plate adiabatic system is laid on the surface of the liquid tank to achieve the overall adiabatic effect of the liquid tank and meet the cold insulation requirements of low-temperature liquid cargoes such as liquid ammonia, liquefied petroleum gas, liquefied natural gas, and ethane.

[0056] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the flow guide plate 200 is laid on the overall outer surface of the ship's liquid tank 100, which ensures the smooth flow channel of the leaked liquid while effectively reducing the gas convection in the space and reducing heat loss. Further, the flow guide plate 200 is fixed to the outer surface of the ship's liquid tank 100 through the embedded parts 410, and the embedded parts 410 can also play the role of installing and fixing the adiabatic part 300. Further, the flow guide plate 200 is a multi-layer perforated elastic pressure-bearing structure, which can withstand the deformation of the liquid tank caused by, for example, ship swaying and low-temperature shrinkage stress and external loads. The holes of the flow guide plate 200 guide the leaked liquid to flow downward along the hole path, avoiding local liquid accumulation and icing. The deformation of the hole edge can absorb the deformation displacement of the liquid tank and prevent the structure from cracking. The air in the holes forms a local adiabatic layer, reducing the thermal conductivity coefficient; compared with the solid single-layer structure, the multi-layer perforated design reduces the weight while ensuring the strength. The size of the holes is determined according to the specifications of the tank body, and no numerical limit is set here. Any hole size that can achieve one of the above effects is acceptable. In addition, the flow guide plate 200 needs to adapt to the installation of the complex curved surface of the liquid tank, such as a spherical tank or a rhombic tank. Further, the flow guide plate 200 is made of an adiabatic foam material with high density, easy processing, and strong mechanical properties, and its material can be at least one of high-density adiabatic foam materials such as polyurethane, polystyrene, polyether ether ketone, polyimide, or polytetrafluoroethylene. Among them, polyurethane is suitable for conventional low-temperature (above -60°C) scenarios with high cost performance, polyimide is suitable for extreme temperature alternating environments, meeting both adiabatic and structural strength requirements, and polytetrafluoroethylene is suitable for strongly corrosive liquid cargoes or ultra-low temperature environments.

[0057] SeeFigure 2 and Figure 3 , the heat insulation part 300 has a multi-stage stepped tower structure. A number of heat insulation parts 300 are arrayed and laid on the outer surface of the flow guide plate 200. The heat insulation parts 300 are installed and fixed by the fixing components 400, and a joint part 500 is arranged between adjacent heat insulation parts 300 to fill the space between the outer side walls of the stepped heat insulation parts 300. Specifically, the heat insulation part 300 includes an inner heat insulation layer 310, an outer heat insulation layer 320, a heat insulation block 330 and a protective layer 340.

[0058] In an alternative embodiment, referring to Figure 3 , the inner heat insulation layer 310 has an internal cavity formed by surrounding the inner heat insulation layer bottom plate and the outer side wall; the outer side wall of the inner heat insulation layer 310 includes at least two-stage stepped structures; for example Figure 3 shown as the inner layer first step 311 and the inner layer second step 312 located above the inner layer first step 311. Further, the inner heat insulation layer 310 is made of rigid polyurethane foam and glass fiber is added to reinforce the mechanical properties.

[0059] In an alternative embodiment, referring to Figure 3 , the outer heat insulation layer 320 is stacked on the inner heat insulation layer 310 and has a hollow cavity formed by surrounding the outer side wall of the outer heat insulation layer; the outer side wall of the outer heat insulation layer 320 includes at least two-stage stepped structures, such as Figure 3 shown as the outer layer first step 321, the outer layer second step 322 and the outer layer third step 323. And when the outer heat insulation layer 320 is arranged on the inner heat insulation layer 310, the bottom surface of the outer heat insulation layer 320 is located within the top surface area of the inner heat insulation layer 310, so that a multi-stage stepped tower structure is formed from the inner heat insulation layer 310 to the outer heat insulation layer 320 from bottom to top. Figure 1 shows the extreme case where the bottom edge of the outer layer first step 321 overlaps with the top edge of the inner layer second step 312. The outer stepped structures of the heat insulation part 300 are staggeredly distributed. On the one hand, it is convenient for its own installation and fixation, reducing the deformation caused by temperature. On the other hand, it effectively blocks heat transfer and ensures the temperature inside the liquid tank. Further, the outer heat insulation layer 320 is also made of rigid polyurethane foam and glass fiber is added to reinforce the mechanical properties. It can be understood that the inner heat insulation layer 310 and the outer heat insulation layer 320 can include one or more rigid heat insulation materials, and the materials are common heat insulation materials in the prior art; the inner heat insulation layer 310 and the outer heat insulation layer 320 can have more layers of stepped structures to meet the heat insulation requirements of different specifications of ship liquid tanks, which will not be elaborated here.

[0060] In an alternative embodiment, referring to Figure 3, the heat insulation block 330 penetrates through the hollow cavity of the outer heat insulation layer 320 and is embedded in the internal cavity of the inner heat insulation layer 310. The heat insulation block 330 preferably has a cuboid structure and fits as closely as possible to the inner walls of the inner heat insulation layer 310 and the outer heat insulation layer 320 to reduce assembly gaps and improve the cold insulation effect. Further, the heat insulation block 330 is made of aerogel material or composite vacuum panel.

[0061] In an alternative embodiment, refer to Figure 3 , the protective layer 340 is laid on the upper surface of the heat insulation block 330 and covers part of the outer heat insulation layer 320. The heat insulation block 330 is embedded in the inner heat insulation layer 310, and its ultra-low thermal conductivity is used to block heat transfer. The outer heat insulation layer 320 and the protective layer 340 form a physical barrier to prevent external heat radiation. Through the nested structure of the inner / outer heat insulation layers and the heat insulation block, multi-layer heat insulation is realized to meet the requirements of ultra-low temperature environments. Further, the protective layer 340 is made of thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer (TPO), and its thickness is between 1 mm and 2 mm, preferably 1.2 mm. TPO is made of polyolefin resins including but not limited to polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (PE).

[0062] In an alternative embodiment, refer to Figures 1 to 6 , the seams between adjacent heat insulation parts 300 are filled with flexible heat insulation parts 350. The flexible heat insulation parts 350 fill the gaps between the heat insulation parts 300 and the joint parts 500 to absorb the deformation stress at the joints, avoid the expansion of the gaps caused by temperature differences, compensate for the deformation of thermal expansion and contraction, and maintain heat insulation continuity. Further, the flexible heat insulation parts 350 are made of melamine foam material.

[0063] Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the fixing assembly 400 is arranged between the seams of adjacent heat insulation parts 300 and passes downward through the flow guide plate 200 and is fixed to the outer surface of the ship's liquid tank 100 to install the flow guide plate 200 and the heat insulation parts 300 on the outer surface of the ship's liquid tank 100.

[0064] In an alternative embodiment, the fixing assembly 400 includes a pre-embedded part 410 that passes through the flow guide plate 200 and is aligned with the seams of the heat insulation parts 300, and a connection assembly 420 that overlaps the bottommost step of the outer sidewall of the heat insulation parts 300. The connection assembly 420 is connected to the pre-embedded part 410 to fix the position of the heat insulation parts 300. The fixing assembly is fixed to the liquid tank surface through the pre-embedded part 410 to improve the installation accuracy and anti-peeling strength of the heat insulation parts. Further, the pre-embedded part 410 can be a fixing stud.

[0065] In an alternative embodiment, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7, the connecting component 420 includes a lapping part 421. The lapping part 421 includes a first part 4211 in a "concave" shape, and a second part 4212 located at both ends of the upper edge of the "concave" structure and lapping on the stepped structure of the heat insulation part 300. Among them, the first part 4211 is located between the seams of adjacent inner heat insulation layers 310. A connecting piece is arranged at the lower end of the first part 4211. The connecting piece is connected to the lower embedded part 410 below, that is, the fixed stud, through a sleeve 430. The lower end of the fixed stud is arranged at a predetermined position on the outer surface of the ship liquid tank 100 through arc welding. The lower end of the sleeve 430 is connected to the upper end of the fixed stud through threads. The bottom of the connecting component 420 is clamped and fixed through hexagon bolts, gaskets and the upper end of the sleeve 430. Through the threaded connection design of the embedded part 410 and the sleeve 430, it is ensured that the fixing piece is uniformly stressed, and the shedding caused by stress concentration at the welding point of the embedded part 410 is avoided. The folded edge of the lapping part is embedded in the step to form a snap structure, enhancing the bonding strength between the lapping part 421 and the heat insulation part 300.

[0066] In an alternative embodiment, the connecting component 420 further includes a top plate 422. The top plate 422 covers the upper part of the first part 4211 of the "concave" structure and extends to both sides to cover the upper surface of the second part 4212. The top plate 422 plays a good role in structural strengthening and forms an accommodation cavity together with the lapping part 421. Further, an adiabatic patch 423 is also embedded in the accommodation cavity formed between the top plate 422 and the lapping part 421. The adiabatic patch fills the gap, reduces the heat conduction path, and disperses the external load at the same time. Further, the heat patch 423 is made of rigid polyurethane foam material, which can better limit the deformation of the connecting component 420 towards the central plane when stressed, and maintain the performance of the adiabatic system at the same time.

[0067] See Figure 1 , FIGS. 4 and 5, the joint part 500 is located between the heat insulation parts 300. The joint part 500 at least includes a branch joint plate 520 and a strip joint plate 530. Among them, both the branch joint plate 520 and the strip joint plate 530 are arranged as multi-layer structural plates, such as a composite laminated plate of a rigid heat insulation material plate and a flexible heat insulation material plate. The multi-layer plates are bonded through a low-temperature adhesive.

[0068] Figures 5a to 5c The structural diagram of the strip joint plate 530 is shown. The strip joint plate 530 is arranged at the joint between two adjacent heat insulation parts 300. The length of the strip joint plate 530 is not greater than the side length of the heat insulation part 300, and its width is greater than the distance between the adjacent top edges of two adjacent heat insulation parts 300, so that both ends of the strip joint plate 530 can be stably attached to the heat insulation part 300.

[0069] Figure 4a and Figure 4bThe structural diagram of the branch joint plate 520 is shown. The branch joint plate 520 is arranged at the central joint of several adjacent heat insulation parts 300. The branches of the branch joint plate 520 extend from the center to the gap between two adjacent heat insulation parts 300 and are butted with the strip joint plate 530. It can be understood that the branches of the branch joint plate 520 can also extend to cover the surface of the strip joint plate 530. For the heat insulation part 300 with a rectangular or square top surface, the branch joint plate 520 requires four branches, that is, the branch joint plate 520 with a cross-shaped structure, which covers the central joints of four heat insulation parts 300. The strip joint plate 530 fills the linear joints to form a continuous heat insulation barrier, reducing the heat transfer through the joints. The combined design of the branch joint plate 530 and the strip joint plate 520 effectively fills the multi-directional joints and ensures the heat insulation effect.

[0070] The joint part 500 further includes a joint filling block 510. Refer to Figure 2 , FIGS. 4 and 5. The joint filling block 510 is filled in the space formed by the heat insulation part 300, the branch joint plate 530 and the strip joint plate 520. The material of the joint filling block 510 can be the same as that of the heat filling block 423 to improve the heat insulation and cold preservation effect of the system.

[0071] In an alternative embodiment, the heat insulation system provided by the present application further includes a joint protection layer 600. The joint protection layer 600 covers the upper surface of the joint part 500 and partially overlaps with the upper surface of the heat insulation part 300. The overlapping coverage of the joint protection layer 600 and the heat insulation part 300 enhances the joint sealing performance and improves the system durability. Further, the joint protection layer 600 and the protection layer 340 are also made of thermoplastic polyolefin material plates, and the thickness thereof is between 1 mm and 2 mm, preferably 1.2 mm.

[0072] It should be noted that in the heat insulation system provided by this embodiment, the gaps that need to be connected between the plates or components are all bonded by a low-temperature adhesive, such as the gaps between the protection layer 340 and the heat insulation block 330, between the heat insulation block 330 and the inner heat insulation layer 310 and the outer heat insulation layer 320, between the inner heat insulation layer 310 and the outer heat insulation layer 320, between the overlapping part 421 and the heat insulation filling block 423, etc.

[0073] In the heat insulation system provided by this embodiment, the rigid heat insulation material includes polyurethane foam material, polystyrene foam material, polyethylene and phenolic foam material. The rigid heat insulation material can be reinforced with glass fiber, hollow glass microspheres, etc. according to actual needs.

[0074] In the heat insulation system provided by this embodiment, the flexible heat insulation material includes polyurethane foam material, melamine foam material, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) foam material, polyethylene (PE) foam and polypropylene (PP) foam material.

[0075] Embodiment 2:

[0076] This embodiment provides an installation method for a composite plate thermal insulation system of an independent liquid tank, which is used to install the composite plate thermal insulation system provided in Embodiment 1 and is applicable to ships with liquid tank structures such as rhombic tanks, square tanks, special-shaped tanks or spherical tanks. The steps of this installation method are described in detail below.

[0077] S100: Prepare the flow guide plate 200, thermal insulation part 300, fixing component 400, joint part 500 and joint protective layer 600 according to the specifications of the ship's liquid tank 100.

[0078] S200: Perform grid division on the outer surface of the ship's liquid tank 100 and determine the positions of the fixing components 400, especially the positions of the embedded parts 410.

[0079] S300: Grind the outer surface of the ship's liquid tank 100 at the positioning position of the fixing component 400 and install the embedded part 410. Specifically, the grinding diameter is within the range of 20 mm to 30 mm from the distance of the embedded part 410, and 30 mm is preferred. The coaxiality tolerance between the actual welding position and the positioning position of the embedded part 410 is 3 mm. The angle between the installed embedded part 410 and the outer surface of the ship's liquid tank 100 is 87° - 93°, and the vertical angle is preferred. The installation method of the embedded part 410 is welding.

[0080] S400: Lay the flow guide plate 200 on the outer surface of the ship's liquid tank 100 and make the embedded part 410 pass through the flow guide plate 200 upward;

[0081] S500: Install the thermal insulation part 300 within the limited interval of the embedded part 410. The installation sequence of the thermal insulation part 300 is the inner thermal insulation layer 310, the thermal insulation block 330, the outer thermal insulation layer 320 and the protective layer 340 in sequence. And use an adhesive to connect each component during the installation process, and complete the fixation of the thermal insulation part 300 through the fixing component 400;

[0082] S600: Install the branch joint plate 520 at the joints of four adjacent thermal insulation parts 300;

[0083] S700: Install the strip joint plate 530 at the joints of two adjacent thermal insulation parts 300;

[0084] S800: Install the joint protective layer 600 on the surface of the joint part 500. The joint protective layer 600 covers the upper surface of the joint part 500 and partially overlaps with the upper surface of the thermal insulation part 300. The joint protective layer 600 is the same as the protective layer 340 on the surface of the thermal insulation part 300, which is TPO with a thickness of 1.2 mm. The overlapping width of the joint protective layer 600 with the protective layers 340 on both sides is not less than 20 mm, and 30 mm is preferred. The overlapping length of the joint protective layer 600 at the two joints is not less than 200 mm.

[0085] Compared with the traditional insulation system design, the composite plate adiabatic system and installation method for independent liquid tanks disclosed in this application have many advantages. By using fixed components, there is no need for additional slot design. The simplified product structure shortens the design cycle, simplifies the installation process, reduces costs, and realizes one-time installation and fixation, avoiding the problem of adjusting the installation environment multiple times. The joint treatment solution proposed in this application has a simple installation process and low difficulty, ensuring the stability of the construction quality and the reliability of the adiabatic system. Therefore, the technical solution provided in this application has high industrial utilization value because it effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art.

[0086] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principles and effects of this application, and are not intended to limit this application. Any person familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes completed by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in this application should still be covered by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A composite plate adiabatic system for an independent liquid tank, used for adiabatic of a ship liquid tank (100), characterized in that, Comprising: A deflector (200), laid on the overall outer surface of the ship's liquid tank (100); An adiabatic part (300), the adiabatic part (300) being a multi-stage stepped tower structure, and a plurality of the adiabatic parts (300) being arrayed and laid on the outer surface of the deflector (200); A fixing component (400), arranged between the joints of adjacent adiabatic parts (300) to mount the deflector (200) and the adiabatic part (300) on the outer surface of the ship's liquid tank (100).

2. The composite plate heat insulation system of the independent liquid tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a joint part (500) located between the adiabatic parts (300), and the joint part (500) at least includes a branch joint plate (520) and a strip joint plate (530); wherein, The strip joint plate (530) is arranged at the joint between two adjacent adiabatic parts (300); The branch joint plate (520) is arranged at the central joint of a plurality of adjacent adiabatic parts (300), and the branches of the branch joint plate (520) extend from the center to the gaps between two adjacent adiabatic parts (300) and are butted with the strip joint plate (530).

3. The composite plate insulation system for an independent liquid tank according to claim 2, characterized in that, It further includes a joint protective layer (600), covering the upper surface of the joint part (500) and partially overlapping with the upper surface of the adiabatic part (300).

4. The composite plate insulation system for an independent liquid tank according to claim 1, characterized in that The deflector (200) is a multi-layered perforated elastic pressure-bearing structure, including at least one high-density adiabatic foam material such as polyurethane, polyimide or polytetrafluoroethylene, and the deflector (200) is mounted on the outer surface of the ship's liquid tank (100) through the fixing component (400).

5. The composite plate insulation system for an independent liquid tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adiabatic part (300) includes an inner adiabatic layer (310), an outer adiabatic layer (320), an adiabatic block (330) and a protective layer (340); wherein, The outer side wall of the inner adiabatic layer (310) has an internal cavity formed by surrounding an inner adiabatic layer bottom plate and an outer side wall; The outer adiabatic layer (320) is stacked on the inner adiabatic layer (310) and has a middle cavity formed by surrounding the outer side wall of the outer adiabatic layer; The adiabatic block (330) penetrates through the middle cavity of the outer adiabatic layer (320) and is embedded in the internal cavity of the inner adiabatic layer (310); The protective layer (340) is laid on the upper surface of the adiabatic block (330) and covers part of the outer adiabatic layer (320).

6. The composite plate type adiabatic system of the independent liquid tank according to claim 5, characterized in that The outer side wall of the inner adiabatic layer (310) includes at least two-stage stepped structures; The outer side wall of the outer adiabatic layer (320) includes at least two-stage stepped structures, and the bottom surface of the outer adiabatic layer (320) is located within the top surface area of the inner adiabatic layer (310), so that a multi-stage stepped tower structure is formed from the inner adiabatic layer (310) to the outer adiabatic layer (320) from bottom to top.

7. The composite plate insulation system for an independent liquid tank according to claim 3, characterized in that, The joints between adjacent adiabatic parts (300) are filled with a flexible adiabatic part (350), and the flexible adiabatic part (350) fills the gaps between the adiabatic parts (300) and the joint part (500).

8. The composite plate heat insulation system of the independent liquid tank according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fixing component (400) is arranged in the joint of two adjacent heat insulation parts (300), and passes downward through the flow guide plate (200) and is fixed to the outer surface of the ship liquid tank (100). The fixing component (400) includes a pre-embedded part (410) passing through the flow guide plate (200) and aligned with the joint of the heat insulation part (300), and a connecting component (420) lapping on the bottom step of the outer side wall of the heat insulation part (300). The connecting component (420) is connected to the pre-embedded part (410) to fix the position of the heat insulation part (300).

9. The composite plate thermal insulation system for an independent liquid tank according to claim 8, wherein, The connecting component (420) includes a lapping part (421). The lapping part (421) includes a first part (4211) in a "concave" shape, and a second part (4212) located at both ends of the upper edge of the "concave" structure and lapping on the step structure of the heat insulation part (300). Among them, the first part (4211) is located between the joints of adjacent inner heat insulation layers (310), and a connecting piece is arranged at the lower end of the first part (4211). The connecting piece is connected to the lower pre-embedded part (410) through a sleeve.

10. The composite plate thermal insulation system for an independent liquid tank according to claim 9, characterized in that The connecting component (420) further includes a top plate (422). The top plate (422) covers above the first part (4211) of the "concave" structure and extends to both sides to cover the upper surface of the second part (4212).

11. The composite plate thermal insulation system for an independent liquid tank according to claim 10, characterized in that, An adiabatic repair block (423) is also embedded in the space formed between the top plate (422) and the lapping part (421).

12. A method for installing a composite plate thermal insulation system for an independent liquid tank, characterized in that, At least includes the following steps: S100: Prepare the flow guide plate (200), heat insulation part (300), fixing component (400), joint part (500) and joint protection layer (600) according to the specifications of the ship liquid tank (100). S200: Perform grid division on the outer surface of the ship liquid tank (100) and determine the position of the fixing component (400). S300: Polish the outer surface of the ship liquid tank (100) at the positioning position of the fixing component (400), install the pre-embedded part (410), and the angle between the pre-embedded part (410) and the outer surface of the ship liquid tank (100) is 87° - 93°. S400: Lay the flow guide plate (200) on the outer surface of the ship liquid tank (100), and make the pre-embedded part (410) pass upward through the flow guide plate (200). S500: Install the heat insulation part (300) within the limited interval of the pre-embedded part (410). The installation sequence of the heat insulation part (300) is the inner heat insulation layer (310), heat insulation block (330), outer heat insulation layer (320) and protection layer (340) in turn, and use an adhesive to connect each component during the installation process, and complete the fixation of the heat insulation part (300) through the fixing component (400). S600: Install a branch joint plate (520) at the joint of four adjacent heat insulation parts (300). S700: Install a strip joint plate (530) at the joint of two adjacent heat insulation parts (300). S800: Install a joint protective layer (600) on the surface of the joint part (500), and the joint protective layer (600) covers the upper surface of the joint part (500) and overlaps with a part of the upper surface of the heat insulation part (300).

13. The installation method of the composite plate heat insulation system for an independent liquid tank according to claim 12, characterized in that, The installation method of the composite plate type heat insulation system is applicable to ships with a liquid tank structure of a rhombic tank, a square tank, a special-shaped tank or a spherical tank.

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