Self-powered hydrological detection device self-adaptive to seabed erosion and deposition change

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ocean engineering and hydrological observation equipment, and discloses a self-powered hydrological detection device self-adaptive to seabed erosion and deposition changes, comprising a self-powered system comprising a vertical shaft eccentric helical blade, a rotor cross bar and a rotor vertical shaft, the bottom of the rotor vertical shaft is connected with a power generation module, and the bottom of the rotor vertical shaft is connected with a power supply module; the two rotor cross rods are sequentially arranged on the outer wall of the rotor vertical shaft from top to bottom, the outer walls of the three vertical shaft eccentric spiral blades are installed on the rotor cross rod triangles respectively, and the power generation module is electrically connected with an energy management unit. Through linkage control of the terrain adaptability system and the LSTM prediction model, on one hand, dynamic adjustment of the anchoring depth of the support can be achieved, and instrument displacement or burying is avoided; on the other hand, overall lifting and oblique movement of the device can be achieved, and equipment recovery and detection position conversion are facilitated; and meanwhile, an ocean current-temperature difference complementary power generation and intelligent energy storage system is adopted, so that five-year maintenance-free continuous power supply is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of marine engineering and hydrological observation equipment, and in particular to a self-powered hydrological detection device capable of adaptively adapting to changes in seabed scouring and silting. Background Art

[0002] In the field of estuarine and coastal hydrodynamic sediment research, accurate on-site hydrological and sediment measurement data are an important basis for analyzing dynamic mechanisms and conducting water and sediment environment analysis, and are also important verification data for dynamic geomorphology research, as well as mathematical model and physical model experimental research. Among them, the bottom observation bracket is a commonly used device for marine hydrological sediment observation. It relies on the deadweight of the bracket to sit above the seabed, and by installing observation instruments such as waves, sand content, tide level, and tidal current on a rigid bracket, it can achieve fixed, long-term, and continuous observation of hydrological and sediment related parameters.

[0003] However, there are a large number of estuarine coastal areas in my country where sediment movement is highly active. The seabed sediment particles in these sea areas are fine and belong to silt silt. The median particle size of the sediment is about 0.03mm to 0.10mm. The tides and runoff are turbulent. The seabed sediment is very easy to be suspended under the action of hydrodynamic forces such as waves, tides and runoff, and fall to the seabed during the period of weakening hydrodynamics, causing the seabed bottom elevation to be in dynamic change all the time. The seabed bottom elevation can fluctuate by about 1m in a single tidal cycle. In view of the above conditions, the existing base support device has two difficulties that are difficult to overcome: The traditional base bracket relies solely on its own weight to stabilize its underwater position, so it is easy to move downward or tilt during seabed scouring, and there is a risk of being buried during seabed siltation. In particular, once landfill occurs, data observation will be unable to be carried out effectively, and it will also pose a huge risk to instrument safety. Even if the buried base bracket is dug out from the silt and placed in its original place again, the silt is too soft, causing the support for the base bracket to no longer be stable.

[0004] The instruments and equipment carried by the base bracket are generally powered by lithium batteries built into the instruments. The batteries must be retrieved and replaced within a period of time, otherwise data collection will no longer be possible. This frequent maintenance leads to data interruptions, affecting long-term monitoring efficiency and data value. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a self-powered hydrological detection device that can adapt to changes in seabed scouring and silting, which solves the risk of instrument displacement / burial caused by unreliable self-weight fixation of traditional bottom-mounted observation brackets in a dynamic scouring and silting seabed environment, as well as the problem of data interruption caused by short-term lithium battery power supply.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a self-powered hydrological detection device that is adaptive to changes in seabed scouring and silting, comprising: A self-powered system, which includes a vertical-axis eccentric spiral blade, a rotor cross bar and a rotor vertical axis. A power generation module is connected to the bottom of the rotor vertical axis. The two rotor cross bars are arranged on the outer wall of the rotor vertical axis from top to bottom in sequence. The outer walls of the three vertical-axis eccentric spiral blades are respectively installed at the triangle of the rotor cross bar. The power generation module is electrically connected to an energy management unit; An intelligent monitoring system, which is installed on the bottom wall of the power generation module, is used to collect hydrological sediment data in real time through a multi-parameter sensor array, predict the seabed erosion and deposition trend based on the LSTM deep learning model, and cooperate with the terrain adaptability system and the communication module to realize device attitude dynamic calibration, terrain tracking monitoring and remote operation and maintenance control. The intelligent monitoring system and the terrain adaptability system are connected by a streamlined bracket.

[0007] Preferably, the intelligent monitoring system includes a housing, which is installed at the bottom of the power generation module. A level is arranged at the center of the bottom of the housing. Around the level at the bottom of the housing, there are a sediment density detector, a laser rangefinder, a multi-point terrain detector, a flow velocity monitor, a wave monitor and a tide level monitor in an annular array. The housing is internally provided with an underwater acoustic communication unit and a satellite communication unit.

[0008] Preferably, the streamlined bracket includes a plurality of bracket braces. One ends of the plurality of bracket braces are arranged in an equidistant annular array on the outer wall of the housing. One ends of a plurality of horizontal brackets are arranged in an equidistant annular array on the outer wall of the housing. The other ends of the bracket braces and the horizontal brackets are connected to a vertical bracket.

[0009] Preferably, the terrain adaptability system includes a lifting motor drive module, the top of which is installed at the bottom, and the output end of the lifting motor drive module is connected to a spiral lifting module.

[0010] Preferably, the length of the vertical-axis eccentric spiral blade is 1.0 - 1.5 m, the spiral rotation angle is 90°, the eccentricity is 4 - 6 cm, and the turbine efficiency is ≥ 35%.

[0011] Preferably, the energy management unit includes a super capacitor and a lithium thionyl chloride battery pack, and is configured with a fuzzy logic controller to realize dynamic power supply mode switching: when the flow velocity ≥ 0.3 m / s, turbine power generation is preferred; when the flow velocity < 0.3 m / s, the thermoelectric generation module is enabled.

[0012] Preferably, the streamlined bracket is designed with a third-order curve equation. A thermoelectric generation module composed of bismuth telluride thermoelectric materials is embedded inside the streamlined bracket. When the temperature difference ΔT between seawater and the electronic component cabin ≥ 5 °C, the output power is ≥ 10 W. The surface of the streamlined bracket is coated with a polydimethylsiloxane anti-biofouling coating.

[0013] Preferably, the screw lifting module is composed of upper and lower parts, including an upper threaded rod and a lower threaded rod. A stud is provided at the lower end of the upper threaded rod, and a threaded hole is provided in the top through hole of the lower threaded rod. The outer wall of the stud is threadedly connected in the threaded hole, and the helix direction of the outer wall thread of the stud is the same as that of the thread of the lower threaded rod. The interiors of the upper threaded rod and the lower threaded rod are interconnected hollow structures. The two ends of the connecting rope are respectively connected to the inner surfaces of the upper threaded rod and the lower threaded rod. By the rapid rotation of three screw lifting modules, power is provided for the device to realize the lifting and oblique movement of the overall device, so as to facilitate the recovery or movement of the monitoring position.

[0014] The present invention provides a self-powered hydrological detection device adaptable to submarine scouring and silting changes, having the following beneficial effects: 1. By adopting the technical solution of linking the terrain adaptability system with the LSTM prediction model, the present invention monitors the change of seabed height in real time and predicts the scouring and silting trend, and dynamically adjusts the anchoring depth of the bracket by rotating the screw lifting module. Compared with the passive mode in which the traditional bracket is fixed only by its own weight, the problems of downward movement caused by scouring and landfill caused by silting are solved, ensuring that the probe is always at an effective monitoring height and avoiding the risks of data interruption and equipment damage.

[0015] 2. The present invention supplies power complementarily through vertical axis turbine power generation and temperature difference power generation, combines supercapacitor buffer energy storage and fuzzy logic controller to realize autonomous energy switching and long-term endurance. The prior art relies on regular replacement of lithium batteries, resulting in frequent maintenance and data interruption. This solution uses ocean currents and temperature differences to continuously supply energy, and no manual intervention is required within 5 years, solving the core defects of high operation and maintenance costs and poor data continuity of the traditional system.

[0016] 3. When the predicted silting rate exceeds the standard, the screw lifting module rotates to drive the overall device to lift upward. However, at this time, since the silted sediment is relatively soft, if the screw lifting module is a traditional integral threaded rod, when it continuously moves upward and leaves the firm seabed soil until it is completely in the soft silted sediment, due to the soft silted sediment being unable to provide effective support, the overall device is likely to tip over. Based on this, the present invention disassembles the screw lifting module into an upper threaded rod and a lower threaded rod, so that when the screw lifting module rotates upward due to the excessive silting rate, the stud of the upper threaded rod gradually screws out of the threaded hole of the lower threaded rod, making the overall screw lifting module longer, so that the lower threaded rod stays in the firm seabed soil, and the upper threaded rod drives the streamlined bracket to move upward, so that the screw lifting module can always be supported by the firm seabed soil. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional view of the overall device of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic structural diagram of the self-powered system of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic structural diagram of the terrain adaptability system of the present invention; Figure 4 is Figure 3 Enlarged view at location A in Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the power supply mode switching of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the streamlined bracket of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structural composition of the spiral lifting module of the present invention.

[0018] Among them, 1. Self-powered system; 101. Vertical-axis eccentric spiral blade; 102. Rotor cross bar; 103. Rotor vertical axis; 104. Energy management unit; 2. Power generation module; 3. Intelligent monitoring system; 301. Shell; 302. Sediment density detector; 303. Level; 304. Laser rangefinder; 305. Multi-point terrain detector; 306. Flow velocity monitor; 307. Wave monitor; 308. Tide level monitor; 4. Streamlined bracket; 401. Bracket brace; 402. Horizontal bracket; 403. Vertical bracket; 5. Terrain adaptability system; 501. Lifting motor drive module; 502. Spiral lifting module; 5021. Upper threaded rod; 5022. Lower threaded rod; 5023. Stud; 5024. Threaded hole; 5025. Connecting rope. Specific embodiments

[0019] Next, in combination with the accompanying drawings of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 5 , the embodiments of the present invention provide a self-powered hydrological detection device adaptable to submarine scouring and silting changes, including: Self-powered system 1, which includes a vertical-axis eccentric spiral blade 101, a rotor cross bar 102 and a rotor vertical axis 103. The bottom of the rotor vertical axis 103 is connected to a power generation module 2. Two rotor cross bars 102 are arranged on the outer wall of the rotor vertical axis 103 from top to bottom in sequence. The outer walls of three vertical-axis eccentric spiral blades 101 are respectively installed at the triangle of the rotor cross bar 102. The power generation module 2 is electrically connected to an energy management unit 104; The length of the vertical-axis eccentric spiral blade 101 is 1.0 - 1.5 m, the spiral rotation angle is 90°, the eccentricity is 4 - 6 cm, and the turbine efficiency is ≥ 35%; The energy management unit 104 includes a supercapacitor and a lithium thionyl chloride battery pack, and is configured with a fuzzy logic controller to achieve dynamic power supply mode switching: when the flow velocity ≥ 0.3 m / s, turbine power generation is preferred, and when the flow velocity < 0.3 m / s, the thermoelectric generation module is enabled; The intelligent monitoring system 3 is installed on the bottom wall of the power generation module 2, and is used to collect hydrological and sediment data in real time through a multi-parameter sensor array, predict the seabed erosion and deposition trend based on the LSTM deep learning model, and cooperate with the terrain adaptability system 5 and the communication module to achieve dynamic calibration of the device attitude, terrain tracking monitoring and remote operation and maintenance control. The intelligent monitoring system 3 and the terrain adaptability system 5 are connected by a streamlined bracket 4.

[0021] Specifically, the vertical-axis eccentric spiral blade 101 is designed with a vertical axis, and uses the multi-directional fluidity of the ocean current. The eccentric structure of 4 - 6 cm and the 90° spiral rotation angle enable the blade to generate torque in any water flow direction. When the flow velocity ≥ 0.3 m / s, the water flow pushes the blade to rotate, drives the rotor vertical axis 103 to drive the power generation module 2, and converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, with a turbine efficiency of ≥ 35%. The eccentric design optimizes the starting performance at low flow velocities and avoids jamming.

[0022] The supercapacitor serves as an instantaneous energy storage unit to suppress the fluctuating output of turbine power generation; the lithium thionyl chloride battery pack serves as the main energy storage and receives stable electrical energy. The fuzzy logic controller monitors the turbine speed and the ΔT (≥ 5 °C) of the thermoelectric generation module 2 in real time.

[0023] High flow velocity mode (≥ 0.3 m / s): Turbine power generation directly charges the battery, and the surplus electrical energy is stored in the supercapacitor.

[0024] Low flow velocity or still water mode: Switch to thermoelectric generation, use the temperature difference between seawater and the electronic cabin of the bismuth telluride thermoelectric material inside the streamlined bracket 4 for thermoelectric generation, and the supercapacitor releases buffered electrical energy to maintain power supply continuity.

[0025] Through the complementary power supply of vertical-axis turbine power generation and thermoelectric generation, combined with the supercapacitor buffer energy storage and the fuzzy logic controller, autonomous energy switching and long-term endurance are achieved. The existing technology relies on regular replacement of lithium batteries, resulting in frequent maintenance and data interruption. This solution uses ocean current and temperature difference for continuous power supply, and does not require manual intervention within 5 years, solving the core defects of high operation and maintenance costs and poor data continuity of traditional systems.

[0026] Laser rangefinder 304: Emits laser at a frequency of 1 MHz, measures the distance between the device and the seabed (0 - 1.5 m, with an accuracy of ±2 cm), and updates the elevation data every 5 minutes.

[0027] ADCP Flow Velocity Profiler: Detects the vertical flow velocity distribution of 0.1 - 5 m / s through the Doppler effect, and synchronizes with a turbidity sensor (0 - 4000 NTU) to quantify the sediment concentration.

[0028] Level 303: Monitors the three-dimensional attitude angle in real time, and triggers the screw anchoring mechanism to correct the level when the inclination > 2°.

[0029] The input layer in the LSTM deep learning model fuses real-time terrain data (laser / sonar), historical erosion and deposition sequences, and external tidal and meteorological data, trains time-dependent features through the Long Short-Term Memory network (LSTM), and outputs the predicted erosion and deposition rate values for the next 24 hours (error ≤ ±5 cm). The prediction results trigger pre-adjustment instructions: Erosion warning (> 30 cm / day): Start the screw anchoring to drill down to a safe depth 12 hours in advance.

[0030] Deposition warning (> 40 cm / day): Lift the support and activate the high-pressure water jet to remove the silt on the surface of the anchoring structure.

[0031] By adopting the technical solution of linking the terrain adaptability system with the LSTM prediction model, the present invention dynamically adjusts the anchoring depth of the support by real-time monitoring of the change in seabed height and predicting the erosion and deposition trend. Compared with the traditional support that only relies on its own weight for fixation in a passive mode, it solves the problems of downward movement caused by scouring and landfill caused by deposition, ensures that the probe is always at an effective monitoring height, and avoids the risks of data interruption and equipment damage.

[0032] The terrain adaptability system 5 is in the shape of a carbon fiber tripod support, and its end has a conical screw anchoring head (screw lifting module 502) with a pitch of 0.1 m, which is controlled to drill in or lift by the lifting motor drive module 501 (rotation speed 5 - 20 rpm): Seabed scouring response: When the laser rangefinder 304 detects that the probe height > 0.5 m, the lifting motor drive module 501 drives the screw lifting module 502 to drill down to restore to the safe monitoring height.

[0033] Seabed deposition response: When the probe height < 0.5 m, rotate the streamlined support 4 in the reverse direction to lift it, and simultaneously start the self-cleaning program, and use the high-pressure water jet to remove the sediment on the anchoring structure.

[0034] The maximum anchoring depth of the screw anchoring structure is 2.0 m, and the anti-overturning moment ≥ 200 N·m. The data of the level 303 is real-time fed back to the control core to dynamically adjust the independent drilling depth of the tripod support to ensure that the horizontal error of the device ≤ 1°.

[0035] Please refer to the appendix Figure 3 - Appendix Figure 4, the intelligent monitoring system 3 includes a housing 301, which is installed at the bottom of the power generation module 2. A level 303 is provided at the center of the bottom of the housing 301. Around the level 303 at the bottom of the housing 301, there are a sediment density detector 302, a laser rangefinder 304, a multi-point terrain detector 305, a flow velocity monitor 306, a wave monitor 307, and a tide level monitor 308 arranged in a circular array. The housing 301 is internally provided with an underwater acoustic communication unit and a satellite communication unit.

[0036] Specifically, the level 303 is internally provided with a three-axis MEMS accelerometer and a gyroscope to detect the three-dimensional attitude angles (pitch, roll, yaw) of the device in real time with an accuracy of ±1°. When the inclination angle > 2°, it triggers the independent lifting adjustment of the screw anchoring mechanism, and restores the horizontal state of the device by adjusting the drilling depth of the higher side in the three-legged support. The sediment density detector 302 is based on near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology. It emits a light signal with a wavelength of 970 nm to penetrate the water body, and receives the scattered light intensity to invert the suspended sediment concentration (0 - 4000 NTU), and synchronously detects the particle size distribution (0.03 - 0.10 mm). The laser rangefinder 304 emits high-frequency laser pulses vertically downward at 1 MHz, measures the round-trip time of the laser from the bottom of the device to the seabed, and calculates the real-time distance (0 - 1.5 m, error ±2 cm). Combining with the sonar array data of the multi-point terrain detector 305, a local seabed elevation model is constructed.

[0037] The sensor array data (terrain, flow velocity, turbidity, etc.) is fused with external tide tables and weather forecast data, and input into the LSTM deep learning model to output the predicted erosion and deposition rate for the next 24 hours. The model adapts to different sea area characteristics (such as estuaries, continental shelves) through transfer learning.

[0038] Please refer to the appendix Figure 2 - appendix Figure 3 and appendix Figure 6 , the streamlined support 4 includes a plurality of support braces 401. One ends of the plurality of support braces 401 are arranged in an equally spaced circular array on the outer wall of the housing 301. One ends of a plurality of horizontal supports 402 are arranged in an equally spaced circular array on the outer wall of the housing 301. The other ends of the support braces 401 and the horizontal supports 402 are connected to a vertical support 403.

[0039] The streamlined support 4 is designed with a third-order curve equation. A thermoelectric power generation module composed of bismuth telluride thermoelectric materials is embedded inside the streamlined support 4. When the temperature difference ΔT between the seawater and the electronic component cabin ≥ 5°C, the output power ≥ 10 W. The surface of the streamlined support 4 is coated with a polydimethylsiloxane anti-biofouling coating.

[0040] Specifically, the support braces 401, the horizontal supports 402, and the vertical support 403 are arranged in an equally spaced circular array to form a three-legged symmetric support structure. Combining with the third-order curve equation (y = -7E-05x 3 +0.0014x2 The cross-sectional shape of (+0.5171x) optimizes the hydrodynamic performance, suppresses the generation of eddy currents, reduces the water flow resistance. The streamlined support 4 has a triangular topology distribution of support braces 401, horizontal supports 402 and vertical supports 403 to disperse the water flow impact load, and the anti-overturning moment ≥ 200 N·m.

[0041] Bismuth telluride thermoelectric materials are embedded in the internal cavity of the streamlined support 4. Utilizing the temperature difference (ΔT≥5°C) between seawater and the electronic component cabin, an electromotive force is generated through the Seebeck effect, and the output power ≥ 10 W.

[0042] The polydimethylsiloxane coating inhibits the attachment of marine organisms such as barnacles and algae through its low surface energy characteristics, reducing the maintenance frequency.

[0043] Please refer to the appendix Figure 2 - appendix Figure 3 The terrain adaptability system 5 includes a lifting motor drive module 501. The top of the lifting motor drive module 501 is installed at the bottom of the vertical support 403, and the output end of the lifting motor drive module 501 is connected to a screw lifting module 502.

[0044] Specifically, after the device is placed in the target sea area by an autonomous underwater vehicle, it sinks to the seabed surface by its own weight. The terrain adaptability system 5 is activated, and the screw lifting module 502 is driven to rotate and drill down through the lifting motor drive module 501. Combining the initial terrain scan data of the laser bathymeter and the sonar array, the anchoring depth is dynamically adjusted and the horizontal attitude is calibrated.

[0045] During the operation of the device, the LSTM deep learning model fuses real-time terrain data, historical erosion and deposition sequences, and external meteorological and tidal information to predict the seabed erosion and deposition trend in the next 24 hours. When the predicted erosion rate exceeds the threshold, the terrain adaptability system 5 drills down to a safe depth in advance; when the predicted deposition rate exceeds the standard, the streamlined support 4 is lifted and a high-pressure water jet is triggered to remove sediments.

[0046] When the predicted sedimentation rate exceeds the standard, the spiral lifting module rotates to drive the whole device to lift upward. However, at this time, since the deposited sediment is relatively soft, if the spiral lifting module is a traditional integral threaded rod, when it continuously moves upward and leaves the firm seabed soil until it is completely in the soft deposited sediment, due to the inability of the soft deposited sediment to provide effective support, the whole device is prone to tipping over. Therefore, the spiral lifting module 502 of the present invention is composed of two parts, including an upper threaded rod 5021 and a lower threaded rod 5022. A stud 5023 is provided at the lower end of the upper threaded rod 5021, and a threaded hole 5024 is provided in the top through hole of the lower threaded rod 5022. The outer wall of the stud 5023 is threadedly connected in the threaded hole 5024, and the helix direction of the outer wall thread of the stud 5023 is the same as that of the thread of the lower threaded rod 5022. The interiors of the upper threaded rod 5021 and the lower threaded rod 5022 are interconnected hollow structures. Both ends of the connecting rope 5025 are connected to the inner surfaces of the upper threaded rod 5021 and the lower threaded rod 5022 respectively. Thus, when the stud of the upper threaded rod is screwed out of the threaded hole of the lower threaded rod by a certain distance, the connecting rope 5025 is tightened to prevent the upper threaded rod from continuing to separate from the lower threaded rod, avoiding the disintegration of the spiral lifting module. Through the rapid rotation of the three spiral lifting modules 502, power can be provided for the device of the present application to realize the lifting of the whole device.

[0047] Working principle: After the device is put into the target sea area by an autonomous underwater vehicle, it sinks to the seabed surface by its own weight. The terrain adaptability system 5 is started, and the spiral lifting module 502 is driven to rotate and drill down by the lifting motor drive module 501. Combining the initial terrain scanning data of the laser depth sounder and the sonar array, the anchoring depth is dynamically adjusted and the horizontal attitude is calibrated. After the deployment is completed, the vertical axis eccentric spiral blade 101 on the self-power supply system 1 captures the kinetic energy of the sea flow, and the thermoelectric generation module 2 generates electricity using the temperature difference between seawater and the electronic cabin. The fuzzy logic controller dynamically switches the power supply mode according to the real-time flow rate. When the flow rate is high, turbine power generation is preferred, and when the flow rate is insufficient, thermoelectric generation is enabled. The super capacitor buffers and stores energy, and the lithium thionyl chloride battery pack enters a stable power supply state as the main power source.

[0048] During operation, the laser bathymeter and sonar array continuously scan the seabed topography. The level 303 monitors the inclination state of the device in real time. Multi-parameter sensors such as the flow velocity monitor 306, turbidity sensor, sediment density detector 302, multi-point terrain detector 305, wave monitor 307, and tide level monitor 308 synchronously collect hydrological and sediment data. The LSTM deep learning model fuses real-time terrain data, historical erosion and deposition sequences, and external meteorological and tidal information to predict the seabed erosion and deposition trend in the next 24 hours. When the predicted erosion rate exceeds the threshold, the screw lifting module 502 drills down to a safe depth in advance; when the predicted deposition rate exceeds the standard, the screw lifting module 502 rotates and moves upward to drive the streamlined support 4 to lift and trigger the high-pressure water jet to remove sediments. The energy margin prediction algorithm dynamically adjusts the sensor power consumption according to the historical energy consumption, and shuts down non-core devices under extreme conditions to ensure continuous collection of key data.

[0049] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An adaptive self-powered hydrological detection device for seabed scouring and silting changes, characterized in that, Comprising: A self-powered system (1), which includes a vertical-axis eccentric spiral blade (101), a rotor crossbar (102) and a rotor vertical shaft (103). A power generation module (2) is connected to the bottom of the rotor vertical shaft (103). The two rotor crossbars (102) are sequentially arranged on the outer wall of the rotor vertical shaft (103) from top to bottom. The outer walls of the three vertical-axis eccentric spiral blades (101) are respectively installed at the triangle of the rotor crossbar (102). The power generation module (2) is electrically connected to an energy management unit (104); An intelligent monitoring system (3), which is installed on the bottom wall of the power generation module (2), is used to collect hydrological sediment data in real time through a multi-parameter sensor array, predict the seabed erosion and deposition trend based on the LSTM deep learning model, and cooperate with the terrain adaptability system (5) and the communication module to realize device attitude dynamic calibration, terrain tracking monitoring and remote operation and maintenance control. The intelligent monitoring system (3) and the terrain adaptability system (5) are connected by a streamlined bracket (4).

2. The self-powered hydrological detection device adaptable to submarine scouring and silting changes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent monitoring system (3) includes a housing (301). The housing (301) is installed at the bottom of the power generation module (2). A level (303) is arranged at the center of the bottom of the housing (301). A sediment density detector (302), a laser rangefinder (304), a multi-point terrain detector (305), a flow velocity monitor (306), a wave monitor (307) and a tide level monitor (308) are annularly arrayed around the level (303) at the bottom of the housing (301). The housing (301) is internally provided with an underwater acoustic communication unit and a satellite communication unit.

3. The self-powered hydrological detection device adaptable to the submarine scouring and silting changes according to claim 1, characterized in that The streamlined bracket (4) includes a plurality of bracket braces (401). One ends of the plurality of bracket braces (401) are annularly arrayed at equal intervals on the outer wall of the housing (301). One ends of a plurality of horizontal brackets (402) are annularly arrayed at equal intervals on the outer wall of the housing (301). The other ends of the bracket braces (401) and the horizontal brackets (402) are connected to a vertical bracket (403).

4. The self-powered hydrological detection device adaptable to submarine scouring and silting changes according to claim 3, characterized in that, The terrain adaptability system (5) includes a lifting motor drive module (501). The top of the lifting motor drive module (501) is installed at the bottom of the vertical bracket (403). The output end of the lifting motor drive module (501) is connected to a spiral lifting module (502).

5. An adaptive self-powered hydrological detection device for seabed erosion and deposition changes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the vertical-axis eccentric spiral blade (101) is 1.0 - 1.5 m, the spiral rotation angle is 90°, the eccentricity is 4 - 6 cm, and the turbine efficiency ≥ 35%.

6. The self-powered hydrological detection device adaptable to the seabed scouring and silting changes according to claim 1, wherein, The energy management unit (104) includes a super capacitor and a lithium thionyl chloride battery pack, and is configured with a fuzzy logic controller to realize dynamic power supply mode switching: when the flow velocity ≥ 0.3 m / s, turbine power generation is preferred; when the flow velocity < 0.3 m / s, a thermoelectric generation module is enabled.

7. An autonomous power supply hydrological detection device adapted to seabed erosion and deposition changes according to claim 1, wherein The streamlined bracket (4) is designed by a third-order curve equation. A thermoelectric generation module composed of bismuth telluride thermoelectric materials is embedded inside the streamlined bracket (4). When the temperature difference ΔT between seawater and the electronic component cabin ≥ 5 °C, the output power ≥ 10 W. The surface of the streamlined bracket (4) is coated with a polydimethylsiloxane anti-biofouling coating.

8. An adaptive self-powered hydrological detection device for seabed scouring and silting changes, characterized in that, The spiral lifting module (502) is composed of upper and lower parts, which includes an upper threaded rod (5021) and a lower threaded rod (5022). A stud (5023) is provided at the lower end of the upper threaded rod (5021), and a threaded hole (5024) is provided in the top through hole of the lower threaded rod (5022). The outer wall of the stud (5023) is threadedly connected in the threaded hole (5024), and the helix direction of the thread on the outer wall of the stud (5023) is the same as that of the thread of the lower threaded rod (5022). The interiors of the upper threaded rod (5021) and the lower threaded rod (5022) are hollow structures that communicate with each other. Both ends of the connecting rope (5025) are connected to the inner surface of the upper threaded rod (5021) and the inner surface of the lower threaded rod (5022) respectively. By the rapid rotation of the three spiral lifting modules (502), power is provided for the device to realize the lifting and oblique movement of the overall device, so that the monitoring position can be conveniently recovered or moved.

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