Terrain investigation image acquisition device for water and soil conservation

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of water and soil conservation, and particularly relates to a topographic survey image acquisition device for water and soil conservation. The four supporting rods are uniformly and fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the unmanned aerial vehicle body; the four fan blades are rotationally connected to the supporting rods through rotating rods correspondingly and electrically connected with the interior of the unmanned aerial vehicle body; the camera is arranged below the unmanned aerial vehicle body; when the camera shoots a branch or a telegraph pole, the camera transmits a signal to the controller, the controller transmits the signal to the system program, the system program controls the pen-shaped air cylinder to be started, the output end of the pen-shaped air cylinder drives the mounting frame to move upwards, and the mounting frame drives the protective cover to move upwards. The protective cover moves to the outer sides of the fan blades to protect the fan blades; when the camera shoots normally, the pen-shaped air cylinder drives the protective cover to move downwards, and the protective cover moves away from the fan blades, so that the unmanned aerial vehicle flies stably.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of soil and water conservation, and specifically relates to a topographic survey image acquisition device for soil and water conservation. Background Art

[0002] Engineering topographic surveys are generally carried out by survey departments, and their main survey contents include: investigating the topography and geomorphology of the construction site; investigating the geological structure of the site; finding out the hydrology and hydrogeological conditions of the site; determining whether there are any adverse geological phenomena in the site; measuring the physical and mechanical property indexes of the foundation soil; evaluating or making suggestions on the stability and suitability of the site, the uniformity of the foundation and the allowable bearing capacity, etc.; image acquisition equipment is the main equipment for existing topographic survey research.

[0003] A Chinese patent with the publication number CN116222501A discloses a topographic survey image acquisition device and system for soil and water conservation, including an image acquisition device, a data storage module and a data processing module. The topographic survey image acquisition device and system for soil and water conservation, through the coordinated use of the image acquisition device, the data storage module and the data processing module, enables the topographic survey image acquisition device and system for soil and water conservation to input the information in the whole process into the data storage module for storage after collecting image information through the image acquisition device, and display and compare it through the data processing module. Before acceptance, the data processing module verifies the completion of house demolition and the restoration of the land after demolition, and at the same time uses drones and image acquisition devices to verify the completion of house demolition and the restoration of the land after demolition, thereby saving manpower and material resources and avoiding omissions.

[0004] Currently, in the prior art, when a drone is flying, the fan blades at the top are likely to hit the surfaces of high-altitude objects such as tree branches or electric wires, resulting in deformation and damage of the fan blades, thereby causing the drone to crash, which affects the efficiency of topographic survey image acquisition.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a topographic survey image acquisition device for soil and water conservation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and solve at least one of the technical problems proposed in the background art.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: A topographic survey image acquisition device for soil and water conservation described in the present invention includes:

[0008] A drone body;

[0009] Four support rods, which are evenly fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the drone body;

[0010] There are four fan blades, which are respectively rotatably connected to the support rod through a rotating rod and are electrically connected to the inside of the UAV body;

[0011] The camera is arranged below the UAV body;

[0012] The adjusting mechanism is arranged below the UAV body and is used to adjust the UAV body;

[0013] The self-cleaning mechanism is arranged on one side of the camera and is used for self-cleaning of the camera;

[0014] The protection mechanism is arranged outside the fan blade and is used to protect the fan blade;

[0015] The protection mechanism includes a protective cover, a controller and a pen-shaped cylinder;

[0016] Grooves are respectively opened at the bottoms of the support rods. Pen-shaped cylinders are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the tops of the grooves. The output ends of the pen-shaped cylinders are fixedly connected with mounting brackets. The protective covers are fixedly connected to the tops of the mounting brackets and are respectively arranged outside the fan blades; the pen-shaped cylinders are electrically connected to the controller.

[0017] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism includes a fixed seat fixedly connected to the bottom of the UAV body. A bidirectional ball screw is rotatably connected to the fixed seat through a bearing. Two moving blocks are symmetrically threadedly connected to the bidirectional ball screw. The bottom ends of the moving blocks are respectively rotatably connected with connecting rods through pins; a lifting plate is arranged below the bidirectional screw. The bottom ends of the connecting rods are respectively rotatably connected to the top of the lifting plate through pins; a first motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed seat. The output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to one end of the bidirectional ball screw; two guide rods are fixedly connected between the inner walls of the fixed seat. The moving blocks are respectively slidably connected to the two guide rods.

[0018] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism further includes a rotating frame; a protective shell is arranged inside the rotating frame. Both side walls of the protective shell are rotatably connected to the rotating frame through connecting shafts; one ends of the connecting shafts respectively extend outside the rotating frame and are fixedly connected with gears. Electric push rods are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the rotating frame. The output ends of the electric push rods are fixedly connected with racks. The racks are respectively engaged with the gears on the same side; sliding openings are respectively opened on the racks. Two sliders are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the rotating frame. The sliders are respectively slidable in the sliding openings.

[0019] Preferably, a cavity is opened inside the lifting plate. A second motor is fixedly connected to the cavity. The output shaft of the second motor is rotatably connected to the bottom of the lifting plate. The output of the second motor is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating frame.

[0020] Preferably, a mounting hole plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective shell. A camera is provided on one side of the mounting hole plate. Two through openings are respectively formed at the top and bottom of the side of the protective shell away from the mounting hole plate. A limiting frame is respectively inserted into the two through openings on the same side, and both ends of the limiting frame are respectively attached to the side wall of the camera; fastening bolts are fixedly connected to both ends of the protective shell, the limiting frames are respectively sleeved on the fastening bolts, and rotating blocks are threadedly connected to the fastening bolts.

[0021] Preferably, the self-cleaning mechanism includes a cleaning cotton. A sliding groove is formed on the inner wall of the protective shell; a reciprocating lead screw is rotatably connected to the inner walls of both sides at the top end of the sliding groove through bearings. A mounting seat is threadedly connected to the reciprocating lead screw. The mounting seat is slidably connected in the sliding groove. The cleaning cotton is installed in the mounting seat. A third motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protective shell, and the output shaft of the third motor is fixedly connected to one end of the reciprocating lead screw; the cleaning cotton is flush with the lens of the camera.

[0022] Preferably, heat dissipation holes are formed on the side wall of the protective shell close to the mounting hole plate, and a heat dissipation fan is installed on the inner wall of the protective shell.

[0023] Preferably, a gasket is pasted on the inner wall of the protective shell. The gasket is arranged between the camera and the protective shell, and the gasket is made of silicone rubber.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. For a topographic survey image acquisition device for soil and water conservation of the present invention, through a controller, a protective cover and a pen-shaped cylinder; when the drone is flying, the fan blades at the top are likely to hit the surface of branches or utility poles, resulting in deformation and damage of the fan blades, thus causing the drone to crash, thereby affecting the efficiency of topographic survey image acquisition. The protective mechanism provided by the present invention is used to protect the fan blades during use. When the camera captures a branch or a utility pole, the camera will transmit the signal to the controller, and the controller will transmit the signal to the system program. The system program controls the opening of the pen-shaped cylinder. The output end of the pen-shaped cylinder drives the mounting frame to move upward, and the mounting frame drives the protective cover to move upward. The protective cover moves to the outside of the fan blades to actively protect the fan blades; when the camera shoots normally, the controller transmits the signal to the system program, and the system program controls the opening of the pen-shaped cylinder. The output end of the pen-shaped cylinder drives the mounting frame to move downward, and the mounting frame drives the protective cover to move downward. The protective cover moves away from the fan blades, enabling the drone to fly stably.

[0026] 2. In the topographic survey image acquisition device for soil and water conservation according to the present invention, when adjusting the height of the camera by setting an adjustment mechanism, the first motor needs to be turned on. The output shaft of the first motor drives the bidirectional ball screw to rotate. The bidirectional ball screw drives two moving blocks to move in opposite directions. The moving blocks drive the connected connecting rods to move in opposite directions through the pin shafts. The other ends of the connecting rods drive the lifting plate to move up or down under the action of the pin shafts, so as to realize the function of adjusting the height of the camera. When adjusting the angle of the camera in the vertical direction, the electric push rod is turned on. The output end of the electric push rod drives the rack to move. The rack drives the gear to rotate. The gear drives the connecting shaft to rotate. The connecting shaft drives the protective shell to rotate. The protective shell drives the camera to rotate, so as to adjust the angle of the camera in the vertical direction. When adjusting the angle of the camera in the horizontal direction, the second motor is turned on. The output shaft of the second motor drives the rotating frame to rotate. The rotating frame drives the camera to rotate, preventing damage caused by the rotation of the unmanned aerial vehicle touching hard objects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 is the first three-dimensional view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is the second three-dimensional view of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the protective cover and the fan blades in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the fixed seat and the lifting plate in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the rotating frame in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 is the cross-sectional view of the protective shell in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 is the structural schematic diagram inside the protective shell in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 is the structural schematic diagram of the mounting seat and the cleaning cotton in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 is the structural schematic diagram of the limiting frame in the present invention;

[0037] In the figure: 1, the drone body; 2, the support rod; 21, the rotating rod; 22, the fan blade; 23, the protective cover; 24, the mounting bracket; 25, the pen-shaped cylinder; 26, the groove; 27, the controller; 3, the fixed seat; 31, the first motor; 32, the bidirectional ball screw; 33, the guide rod; 34, the moving block; 35, the connecting rod; 36, the lifting plate; 37, the second motor; 4, the rotating frame; 41, the electric push rod; 42, the gear; 43, the rack; 44, the slider; 45, the sliding opening; 46, the connecting shaft; 5, the protective shell; 51, the heat dissipation hole; 52, the heat dissipation fan; 53, the mounting hole plate; 54, the washer; 55, the camera; 56, the chute; 6, the limiting frame; 61, the fastening bolt; 62, the rotating block; 7, the third motor; 71, the reciprocating screw rod; 72, the mounting seat; 73, the cleaning cotton. Detailed implementation mode

[0038] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and functions of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the specific implementation modes.

[0039] As Figures 1 to 9 shown, a topographic survey image acquisition device for soil and water conservation according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a drone body 1; four support rods 2, which are evenly fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the drone body 1; four fan blades 22, which are respectively rotatably connected to the support rods 2 through rotating rods 21 and are electrically connected to the inside of the drone body 1; a camera 55, which is arranged below the drone body 1; an adjustment mechanism, which is arranged below the drone body 1 and is used to adjust the drone body 1; a self-cleaning mechanism, which is arranged on one side of the camera 55 and is used for self-cleaning of the camera 55; a protection mechanism, which is arranged outside the fan blades 22 and is used to protect the fan blades 22; the protection mechanism includes a protective cover 23, a controller 27 and a pen-shaped cylinder 25; grooves 26 are respectively opened at the bottoms of the support rods 2, pen-shaped cylinders 25 are fixedly connected to the top inner walls of the grooves 26, mounting brackets 24 are fixedly connected to the output ends of the pen-shaped cylinders 25, protective covers 23 are fixedly connected to the tops of the mounting brackets 24, and the protective covers 23 are respectively arranged outside the fan blades 22; the pen-shaped cylinder 25 is electrically connected to the controller 27.

[0040] When the drone is in flight, it conducts surveys by collecting topographic images through the camera 55. By setting up an adjustment mechanism, the height and angle of the camera 55 are adjusted to expand the shooting range of the camera 55. When the drone conducts field surveys, under the action of wind and sand, the lens of the camera 55 will be covered with dust. By setting up a self-cleaning mechanism, the lens of the camera 55 is wiped to ensure the shooting quality. When the drone is in flight, the fan blades 22 at the top are likely to hit the surface of branches or utility poles, causing the fan blades 22 to deform and be damaged, thus resulting in the situation of the drone crashing, which affects the efficiency of topographic survey image collection. The protection mechanism provided by the present invention is used to protect the fan blades 22 during use. When the camera 55 captures a branch or a utility pole, the camera 55 will transmit this signal to the controller 27. Through the controller 27, this signal is transmitted to the system program, and the system program controls the opening of the pen-shaped cylinder 25. The output end of the pen-shaped cylinder 25 drives the mounting bracket 24 to move upward, and the mounting bracket 24 drives the protective cover 23 to move upward. The protective cover 23 moves to the outside of the fan blades 22 to protect the fan blades 22. When the camera 55 shoots normally, through the controller 27, this signal is transmitted to the system program, and the system program controls the opening of the pen-shaped cylinder 25. The output end of the pen-shaped cylinder 25 drives the mounting bracket 24 to move downward, and the mounting bracket 24 drives the protective cover 23 to move downward. The protective cover 23 moves away from the fan blades 22, enabling the drone to fly stably.

[0041] As Figure 2 and Figure 4 shown, the adjustment mechanism includes a fixed seat 3 fixedly connected to the bottom of the drone body 1. A bidirectional ball screw 32 is rotatably connected to the fixed seat 3 through a bearing. Two moving blocks 34 are symmetrically threadedly connected to the bidirectional ball screw 32. The bottom ends of the moving blocks 34 are rotatably connected to a connecting rod 35 through a pin shaft. A lifting plate 36 is provided below the bidirectional screw. The bottom ends of the connecting rods 35 are rotatably connected to the top of the lifting plate 36 through a pin shaft. A first motor 31 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed seat 3. The output shaft of the first motor 31 is fixedly connected to one end of the bidirectional ball screw 32. Two guide rods 33 are fixedly connected between the inner walls of the fixed seat 3. The moving blocks 34 are all slidably connected to the two guide rods 33.

[0042] The adjusting mechanism provided by the present invention is used to adjust the height of the camera 55 during use. It is necessary to turn on the first motor 31. The output shaft of the first motor 31 drives the bidirectional ball screw 32 to rotate. The bidirectional ball screw 32 drives the two moving blocks 34 to move in opposite directions. The moving block 34 drives the connected connecting rod 35 to move in opposite directions through the pin shaft. The other end of the connecting rod 35 drives the lifting plate 36 to move upward or downward under the action of the pin shaft, thereby realizing the function of adjusting the height of the camera 55. During the movement of the moving block 34, the moving block 34 slides on the guide rod 33, and the guide rod 33 limits the movement of the moving block 34 in the horizontal direction.

[0043] As Figure 5 shown, the adjusting mechanism further includes a rotating frame 4. A protective shell 5 is provided inside the rotating frame 4. Both side walls of the protective shell 5 are rotatably connected to the rotating frame 4 through connecting shafts 46. One end of each connecting shaft 46 extends outside the rotating frame 4 and is fixedly connected with a gear 42. Electric push rods 41 are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the rotating frame 4. The output ends of the electric push rods 41 are fixedly connected with racks 43. The racks 43 are respectively engaged with the gears 42 on the same side. Sliding openings 45 are formed on the racks 43. Two sliders 44 are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the rotating frame 4. The sliders 44 slide in the sliding openings 45 respectively.

[0044] The gear 42 and the rack 43 provided by the present invention are used to adjust the angle of the camera 55 in the vertical direction during use. By turning on the electric push rod 41, the output end of the electric push rod 41 drives the rack 43 to move. The rack 43 drives the gear 42 to rotate. The gear 42 drives the connecting shaft 46 to rotate. The connecting shaft 46 drives the protective shell 5 to rotate. The protective shell 5 drives the camera 55 to rotate, thereby adjusting the angle of the camera 55 in the vertical direction. During the movement of the rack 43, the slider 44 slides in the sliding opening 45, and the sliding opening 45 limits the movement of the rack 43 in the vertical direction.

[0045] As Figure 5 shown, a cavity is formed inside the lifting plate 36. A second motor 37 is fixedly connected inside the cavity. The output shaft of the second motor 37 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the lifting plate 36. The output of the second motor 37 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating frame 4.

[0046] The second motor 37 provided by the present invention is used to adjust the angle of the camera 55 in the horizontal direction during use. By turning on the second motor 37, the output shaft of the second motor 37 drives the rotating frame 4 to rotate. The rotating frame 4 drives the camera 55 to rotate, preventing damage caused by the rotation of the drone hitting hard objects.

[0047] As Figure 6 and Figure 9As shown, an installation hole plate 53 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective shell 5. A camera 55 is provided on one side of the installation hole plate 53. Two through holes are respectively opened at the top and bottom of the side of the protective shell 5 away from the installation hole plate 53. Two limiting frames 6 are respectively inserted into the two through holes on the same side. Both ends of the limiting frame 6 are respectively attached to the side wall of the camera 55. Fastening bolts 61 are fixedly connected to both ends of the protective shell 5. The limiting frames 6 are respectively sleeved on the fastening bolts 61, and rotating blocks 62 are threadedly connected to the fastening bolts 61.

[0048] The limiting frame 6 provided by the present invention is used to fix the camera 55 during use. When installing the camera 55, the camera 55 needs to be placed inside the protective shell 5 and one side is attached to the installation hole plate 53. Then, the two limiting frames 6 are respectively inserted through the through holes, and then rotated and screwed onto the fastening bolts 61 until the limiting frames 6 are closely attached to one side of the camera 55. The camera 55 is installed and fixed by the limiting frame 6 and the installation hole plate 53.

[0049] As Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the self-cleaning mechanism includes a cleaning cotton 73. A sliding groove 56 is opened on the inner wall of the protective shell 5. A reciprocating lead screw 71 is rotatably connected to the inner walls of both sides at the top end of the sliding groove 56 through bearings. An installation seat 72 is threadedly connected to the reciprocating lead screw 71. The installation seat 72 is slidably connected in the sliding groove 56. The cleaning cotton 73 is installed in the installation seat 72. A third motor 7 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protective shell 5. The output shaft of the third motor 7 is fixedly connected to one end of the reciprocating lead screw 71. The cleaning cotton 73 is flush with the lens of the camera 55.

[0050] When the drone is conducting field surveys, due to the action of wind and sand, the lens of the camera 55 will be covered with dust. The dust affects the shooting clarity of the camera 55. If it is removed multiple times, it will delay the progress of the survey. When the self-cleaning mechanism provided by the present invention is in use, the third motor 7 is periodically turned on. The output shaft of the third motor 7 drives the reciprocating lead screw 71 to rotate. The reciprocating lead screw 71 drives the installation seat 72 to reciprocate. The installation seat 72 drives the cleaning cotton 73 to reciprocate. The lens of the camera 55 is wiped clean by the cleaning cotton 73. After the cleaning is completed, the installation seat 72 needs to be moved into the sliding groove 56 at the end to not affect the survey and collection of the camera 55.

[0051] As Figure 6 As shown, heat dissipation holes 51 are opened on the side wall of the protective shell 5 close to the installation hole plate 53. A heat dissipation fan 52 is installed on the inner wall of the protective shell 5.

[0052] The cooling fan 52 provided by the present invention is used to dissipate heat from the camera 55 during use. When the camera 55 conducts long-term survey and collection, heat will be generated. By turning on the cooling fan 52, the temperature of the camera 55 is discharged through the mounting hole plate 53 and the heat dissipation holes 51, preventing heat accumulation and causing the components inside the camera 55 to be burned out.

[0053] As Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, a washer 54 is pasted on the inner wall of the protective shell 5. The washer 54 is provided between the camera 55 and the protective shell 5, and the washer 54 is made of silicone rubber.

[0054] The washer 54 provided by the present invention is used to protect the camera 55 during use. The washer 54 made of silicone rubber has good high-temperature and low-temperature resistance, which enables it to maintain good elasticity and buffering performance in different temperature environments, effectively protecting the camera 55 and preventing the camera 55 from being damaged by external forces when it falls.

[0055] Working principle: When the drone is flying, the fan blades 22 at the top are likely to hit the surface of branches or utility poles, causing the fan blades 22 to deform and be damaged, thus resulting in the crash of the drone, which affects the efficiency of terrain survey image collection. The protection mechanism provided by the present invention is used to protect the fan blades 22 during use. When the camera 55 captures a branch or a utility pole, the camera 55 will transmit the signal to the controller 27, and through the controller 27, the signal will be transmitted to the system program. The system program controls the activation of the pen-shaped cylinder 25. The output end of the pen-shaped cylinder 25 drives the mounting bracket 24 to move upward, and the mounting bracket 24 drives the protective cover 23 to move upward. The protective cover 23 moves to the outside of the fan blades 22 to protect the fan blades 22; when the camera 55 captures normally, the signal is transmitted to the system program through the controller 27. The system program controls the activation of the pen-shaped cylinder 25. The output end of the pen-shaped cylinder 25 drives the mounting bracket 24 to move downward, and the mounting bracket 24 drives the protective cover 23 to move downward. The protective cover 23 moves away from the fan blades 22, enabling the drone to fly stably;

[0056] When adjusting the height of the camera 55, the first motor 31 needs to be turned on. The output shaft of the first motor 31 drives the bidirectional ball screw 32 to rotate. The bidirectional ball screw 32 drives two moving blocks 34 to move in opposite directions. The moving blocks 34 drive the connected connecting rods 35 to move in opposite directions through the pin shafts. The other ends of the connecting rods 35 drive the lifting plate 36 to move upward or downward under the action of the pin shafts, so as to realize the function of adjusting the height of the camera 55. When adjusting the angle of the camera 55 in the vertical direction, the electric push rod 41 is turned on. The output end of the electric push rod 41 drives the rack 43 to move. The rack 43 drives the gear 42 to rotate. The gear 42 drives the connecting shaft 46 to rotate. The connecting shaft 46 drives the protective housing 5 to rotate. The protective housing 5 drives the camera 55 to rotate, so as to adjust the angle of the camera 55 in the vertical direction. When adjusting the angle of the camera 55 in the horizontal direction, the second motor 37 is turned on. The output shaft of the second motor 37 drives the rotating frame 4 to rotate. The rotating frame 4 drives the camera 55 to rotate, preventing damage caused by the rotation of the drone touching hard objects;

[0057] When the camera 55 is installed, the camera 55 needs to be placed in the protective housing 5 and be in contact with the mounting hole plate 53 on one side. Then, the two limit frames 6 are inserted through the through holes respectively, and then rotated and screwed onto the fastening bolts 61 until the limit frames 6 are closely attached to one side of the camera 55. The camera 55 is installed and fixed by the limit frames 6 and the mounting hole plate 53. The third motor 7 is turned on. The output shaft of the third motor 7 drives the reciprocating screw rod 71 to rotate. The reciprocating screw rod 71 drives the mounting seat 72 to move reciprocally. The mounting seat 72 drives the cleaning cotton 73 to move reciprocally. The cleaning cotton 73 wipes the lens of the camera 55 clean. After the cleaning is completed, the mounting seat 72 needs to be moved into the end chute 56, without affecting the survey and collection of the camera 55.

[0058] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An apparatus for collecting topographic survey images for soil and water conservation, comprising: a drone body (1); support rods (2), four of which are provided and evenly fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drone body (1); fan blades (22), four of which are provided and respectively rotatably connected to the support rods (2) through rotating rods (21) and are electrically connected to the inside of the drone body (1); a camera (55), provided below the drone body (1); an adjusting mechanism, provided below the drone body (1) for adjusting the drone body (1); a self-cleaning mechanism, provided on one side of the camera (55) for self-cleaning the camera (55); a protection mechanism, provided outside the fan blades (22) for protecting the fan blades (22); characterized in that: the protection mechanism includes a protective cover (23), a controller (27) and a pen-shaped cylinder (25); grooves (26) are respectively formed at the bottoms of the support rods (2), pen-shaped cylinders (25) are fixedly connected to the top inner walls of the grooves (26), mounting brackets (24) are fixedly connected to the output ends of the pen-shaped cylinders (25), protective covers (23) are fixedly connected to the tops of the mounting brackets (24), and the protective covers (23) are respectively provided outside the fan blades (22); the pen-shaped cylinders (25) are electrically connected to the controller (27).

2. The topographic survey image acquisition device for soil and water conservation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adjusting mechanism includes a fixed seat (3) fixedly connected to the bottom of the drone body (1), a bidirectional ball screw (32) is rotatably connected to the fixed seat (3) through a bearing, two moving blocks (34) are symmetrically threadedly connected to the bidirectional ball screw (32), and the bottom ends of the moving blocks (34) are respectively rotatably connected to a connecting rod (35) through a pin shaft; a lifting plate (36) is provided below the bidirectional screw, and the bottom ends of the connecting rods (35) are respectively rotatably connected to the top of the lifting plate (36); a first motor (31) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed seat (3), and an output shaft of the first motor (31) is fixedly connected to one end of the bidirectional ball screw (32); two guide rods (33) are fixedly connected between the inner walls of the fixed seat (3), and the moving blocks (34) are respectively slidably connected to the two guide rods (33).

3. The topographic survey image acquisition device for soil and water conservation according to claim 2, characterized in that: the adjusting mechanism further includes a rotating frame (4); a protective shell (5) is provided inside the rotating frame (4), and both side walls of the protective shell (5) are rotatably connected to the rotating frame (4) through connecting shafts (46); one ends of the connecting shafts (46) respectively extend outside the rotating frame (4) and are fixedly connected to gears (42), electric push rods (41) are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the rotating frame (4), output ends of the electric push rods (41) are fixedly connected to racks (43), and the racks (43) are respectively engaged with the gears (42) on the same side; sliding openings (45) are respectively formed in the racks (43), and two sliders (44) are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the rotating frame (4), and the sliders (44) respectively slide in the sliding openings (45).

4. The topographic survey image acquisition device for soil and water conservation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The interior of the lifting plate (36) is provided with a cavity, and a second motor (37) is fixedly connected inside the cavity. The output shaft of the second motor (37) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the lifting plate (36), and the output of the second motor (37) is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating frame (4).

5. The topographic survey image acquisition device for soil and water conservation according to claim 4, characterized in that: An installation hole plate (53) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective shell (5). A camera (55) is provided on one side of the installation hole plate (53). Two through openings are respectively formed at the top and bottom of the side of the protective shell (5) away from the installation hole plate (53). A limiting frame (6) is respectively inserted into the two through openings on the same side, and both ends of the limiting frame (6) are respectively in contact with the side wall of the camera (55); Fixing bolts (61) are fixedly connected to both ends of the protective shell (5), the limiting frames (6) are respectively sleeved on the fixing bolts (61), and rotating blocks (62) are threadedly connected to the fixing bolts (61).

6. The terrain survey image acquisition device for soil and water conservation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The self-cleaning mechanism includes a cleaning cotton (73), and a sliding groove (56) is formed on the inner wall of the protective shell (5); A reciprocating lead screw (71) is rotatably connected to the inner walls of both sides at the top end of the sliding groove (56) through bearings. An installation seat (72) is threadedly connected to the reciprocating lead screw (71), and the installation seat (72) is slidably connected in the sliding groove (56). The cleaning cotton (73) is installed in the installation seat (72). A third motor (7) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protective shell (5), and the output shaft of the third motor (7) is fixedly connected to one end of the reciprocating lead screw (71); The cleaning cotton (73) is flush with the lens of the camera (55).

7. The topographic survey image acquisition device for soil and water conservation according to claim 6, characterized in that: A heat dissipation hole (51) is formed on the side wall of the protective shell (5) close to the installation hole plate (53), and a heat dissipation fan (52) is installed on the inner wall of the protective shell (5).

8. The topographic survey image acquisition device for soil and water conservation according to claim 7, characterized in that: A gasket (54) is pasted on the inner wall of the protective shell (5), and the gasket (54) is arranged between the camera (55) and the protective shell (5). The gasket (54) is made of silicone rubber material.

Images