Aeration type water treatment device for catalytic degradation of pollutants based on triboelectrification

Abstract

The invention discloses an aeration type water treatment device for catalytic degradation of pollutants based on triboelectrification, and belongs to the field of sewage and wastewater treatment. The lower portion is of a hollow cone structure, and the upper portion is of a cylinder structure. Positive and negative friction particles with spherical structures are placed in the device, the built-in rotatable aeration device can rotate and uniformly distribute gas under the action of gas flow, a gas-liquid-solid three-phase vortex flow is formed in combination with the rotation action of the stirring paddle, the friction particles generate high-frequency collision to generate an electrification effect, and the gas-liquid-solid three-phase vortex flow is formed. Hydroxyl free radicals (. OH) and superoxide free radicals (. O2-) are generated, and organic pollutants are efficiently degraded. The externally added magnetic field can inhibit electron-hole recombination. The device can realize innocent treatment of toxic and harmful wastewater, and has better practical and economic values.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to an efficient water treatment device based on the synergistic effect of triboelectrification and free radical oxidation, which is particularly suitable for the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater, printing and dyeing wastewater and other wastewater containing refractory organic pollutants, and realizes green degradation with zero chemical agent addition through direct conversion of mechanical energy into chemical energy. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the acceleration of the industrialization and urbanization processes, water pollution has become a global environmental challenge. In particular, organic wastewater discharged from industries such as printing and dyeing, pharmaceuticals, and petrochemicals contains a large number of refractory pollutants such as dyes, pesticides, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. These pollutants are characterized by high toxicity, strong chemical stability, and significant bioaccumulation, posing a huge challenge to traditional sewage treatment technologies.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream treatment methods include biological methods, chemical oxidation methods, electrochemistry methods, etc., but they all have the following limitations: Biological methods rely on microbial metabolism to decompose pollutants, but highly toxic organic compounds (such as azo dyes and phenol substances) will inhibit the activity of microorganisms, resulting in low treatment efficiency. Chemical oxidation methods decompose pollutants by adding strong oxidants such as Fenton reagents (Fe 2+ / H2O2), ozone, and persulfate. Although the reaction rate is fast, they face problems such as high cost of oxidants and secondary pollution such as iron sludge / ozone tail gas. Electrochemical technologies degrade pollutants by generating reactive free radicals through electrode reactions, but they have problems such as high energy consumption, easy corrosion of electrodes, and frequent replacement of electrode materials.

[0004] In recent years, the triboelectrification effect has received extensive attention due to its potential in the fields of energy harvesting and catalysis. Triboelectrification induces charge transfer through material contact-separation, can form a strong electrostatic field at the interface, and then drive electron migration and generate reactive free radicals. Compared with traditional electrochemical methods, triboelectrification technology has the following advantages: 1. Direct conversion of mechanical energy into chemical energy, reducing energy consumption; 2. Avoiding consumption of electrode materials and extending the service life of the device; 3. No need for chemical agents, reducing secondary pollution.

[0005] However, the application of existing triboelectrification technology in water treatment still faces the following challenges: 1. The charges generated by friction are easily shielded by ions in the solution, resulting in insufficient free radical generation efficiency; 2. Long-term friction causes wear of dielectric materials and a decrease in charge density; 3. Existing devices mostly have a static friction structure (such as fixed film friction), and it is impossible to achieve efficient mass transfer and large-scale treatment.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a water treatment device based on the synergistic effects of triboelectrification, aeration, and magnetic regulation. Through triboelectrification-induced interfacial charge transfer, water molecules or dissolved oxygen are directly activated to generate highly reactive species such as hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and superoxide radicals (·O2 - ), etc., without the need for external oxidants or complex electrode systems, providing an efficient and low-cost solution for the treatment of high-difficulty organic wastewater. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the practical application defects of the above triboelectrification technology, the present invention provides a water treatment device that uses the impact force generated by water flow vortices and aeration oxygenation as external mechanical forces to cause triboelectrification effects between positively charged friction particles and negatively charged friction particles. Through triboelectrification-induced charge transfer during the contact-separation process, the generation of reactive free radicals is promoted, which then attack the pollutants in the sewage, achieving the degradation of pollutants in the sewage.

[0008] The above object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] An aeration-type water treatment device for catalytic degradation of pollutants based on triboelectrification, the device includes a conical reactor and two types of friction particles made of different materials. There is a motor at the top of the reactor connected to a vertical stirring shaft, and a double-layer spiral stirring paddle is installed on the shaft to drive the water flow to form a vortex; there is a filter screen in the upper left connected to the water outlet, and the bottom is connected to the water inlet through a conical collection area. Permanent magnet plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the reactor to suppress the recombination of electrons and holes generated during friction through a magnetic field. There is a rotary aeration device below the conical collection area, which consists of a perforated aeration pipe and a paddle. The paddle is directly above the perforated aeration pipe, and the rotary aeration device is connected to the aeration pipe by a rotary joint. The inside of the reactor is filled with positively charged friction particles and negatively charged friction particles with different triboelectric series. The wastewater to be treated enters from the bottom water inlet under a constant pressure, and at the same time, the stirring paddle and the rotary aeration device are started; the water flow impact and aeration turbulence jointly drive the positively and negatively charged friction particles to form a turbulent vortex, promoting high-frequency rolling friction between the positively and negatively charged particles. The triboelectric series difference in friction (that is, positively charged friction particles are easy to lose electrons, and negatively charged friction particles are easy to gain electrons) causes charge transfer to be induced through the triboelectrification effect during the contact-separation process; at the same time, the dissolved oxygen provided by aeration is activated under the action of friction-induced charge transfer, catalytically generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide radicals (·O2 - ), etc., to synergistically and efficiently degrade the pollutants in the wastewater. The treated water is filtered through the top filter screen and discharged from the water outlet. The friction particles intercepted by the filter screen are recycled using their own magnetism to ensure the continuous operation of the device. At the same time, an automatic exhaust valve is provided at the top to ensure the discharge of the gas with a certain pressure inside the device.

[0010] Further, a pressure pump is provided outside the sewage inlet for full-pressure water inlet; an adjustable valve is provided on the sewage inlet pipe and the sewage outlet pipe.

[0011] Further, the surface material of the positively charged friction particles can be a dielectric material that easily loses electrons, such as nylon (PA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), etc.; the surface material of the negatively charged friction particles can be a dielectric material that easily captures electrons, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), etc.

[0012] Further, the two friction particle carriers can be magnetic materials such as Fe3O4; the particle size of the two friction particle carriers can be millimeter-level light particles, and the surface thickness of the friction material is selected to be 0.05 mm - 0.001 mm.

[0013] Further, the dielectric material of the friction particles uses surface charges to catalyze the generation of superoxide radicals and hydroxyl radicals to decompose the organic matter in the wastewater into water, carbon dioxide, and small-molecule inorganic substances.

[0014] Further, a filter membrane is provided on the inner wall of the sewage outlet. The membrane pores of the filter membrane only allow sewage to pass through, and the two friction particles of different materials cannot pass through the membrane pores of the filter membrane, which is convenient for the recycling, replacement, and cleaning of the friction particles.

[0015] Further, the positively charged friction particles and the negatively charged particles are preferably spherical.

[0016] Further, the aeration holes on the perforated aeration pipe are horizontally opened, and the aeration holes are evenly arranged on the aeration branch pipes. The aeration holes on the two side aeration branch pipes are arranged in opposite directions. The aeration generates a counterclockwise driving force, and the turbulence generated by the aeration causes the friction particles to collide with each other, while oxygenating the water and enhancing the formation of superoxide radicals.

[0017] Further, an automatic exhaust valve is provided at the top of the reaction device to discharge the gas with a certain pressure in the device.

[0018] Further, the included angle between the stirring paddle on the aeration device and the horizontal plane is 15°. The driving force generated by the aeration and the driving force of the bubbles on the paddle cause the paddle to rotate. The rotating paddle has a stirring effect, promoting mass transfer and promoting particle collision.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0020] The present invention discloses an aeration - type water treatment device for catalytic degradation of pollutants based on triboelectrification. Water flow impact and aeration turbulence jointly drive positive and negative triboelectric particles to form turbulent vortices, and a magnetic field generated by an external permanent magnet plate inhibits the recombination of electrons and holes generated during friction. At the same time, if the triboelectric particles are magnetic, it is beneficial for the particles to aggregate within the magnetic field range to undergo high - frequency friction, promoting the tribocatalytic effect.

[0021] During the contact - separation process of the triboelectric particles, charge transfer is induced through the triboelectrification effect. At the same time, the dissolved oxygen provided by aeration is activated under the action of triboelectric - induced charge transfer, catalytically generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide radicals (·O2 - ), etc., which synergistically and efficiently degrade pollutants in wastewater. The triboelectric particles with magnetic cores are convenient for recycling, reducing environmental pollution, and having good practical and economic value. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 is a three - dimensional structure diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a front view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is a side view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is a top view of the present invention;

[0026] In the figure, 1 - reactor main body; 2 - permanent magnet plate; 3 - stirring paddle; 4 - positive triboelectric particles; 5 - negative triboelectric particles; 6 - drain pipe; 7 - water outlet pipe; 8 - filter screen; 9 - motor; 10 - perforated aeration branch pipe; 11 - rotary joint; 12 - aeration pipe; 13 - water inlet pipe; 14 - automatic exhaust valve. Detailed Embodiments

[0027] The following further describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in combination with the drawings and technical solutions.

[0028] Refer to Fig. Figure 1 Fig. Figure 2 Fig. Figure 3 Fig. Figure 4, the present invention discloses an aeration type water treatment device for catalytic degradation of pollutants based on triboelectrification. The device includes a conical reactor 1 and two types of triboelectric particles, positive and negative. At the top of the reactor 1, there is a motor 9 connected to a vertical stirring shaft, and a double-layer spiral stirring paddle 3 is installed on the shaft to drive the water flow to form a vortex. On the upper left, there is a filter screen 8 connected to the water outlet pipe 7. Permanent magnet plates 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the reactor to control the movement of particles through a magnetic field. The reactor is filled with positive triboelectric particles 4 and negative triboelectric particles 5. In the middle of the conical collection area, there is a rotary aeration device composed of a perforated aeration branch pipe 10 and an aeration pipe 12. The rotary aeration device is connected to the aeration pipe 12 by a rotary joint 11. The bottom of the conical collection area is connected to the drain pipe 6, and the side is connected to the water inlet pipe 13, and an automatic exhaust valve is provided at the top.

[0029] The working process of the present invention is as follows: When working, the pressure pump is turned on, and the main body of the reactor 1 is filled with water under full pressure through the water inlet pipe 13. The motor 9 starts the stirring paddle 3 to stir the positive triboelectric particles 4 and the negative triboelectric particles 5 to generate high-frequency rolling friction. During the contact-separation process of the triboelectric particles, charge transfer is induced through the triboelectrification effect to catalytically degrade the pollutants in the water body.

[0030] At the same time, the reactor is aerated through the aeration pipe 12. Under the action of aeration, due to the connection of the perforated aeration branch pipe 10 with the rotary joint 11, it rotates, which can evenly distribute gas in the reactor, promote the friction of the triboelectric particles, aerate and oxygenate, enhance the formation of superoxide radicals, and further degrade the pollutants in the wastewater.

[0031] The permanent magnet plate 2 can inhibit the recombination of electrons and holes during the triboelectrification process and improve the catalytic effect.

[0032] The treated water flows out through the water outlet pipe 7 after being filtered by the top filter screen 8. The triboelectric particles intercepted by the filter screen 8 can flow back and be recycled. The water body can be emptied through the drain pipe 6 for equipment maintenance. An automatic exhaust valve 14 is provided at the top to discharge the excess gas in the device to ensure the continuous operation of the device.

Claims

1. An aeration type water treatment device for catalytic degradation of pollutants based on triboelectrification. The lower part of the reactor body (1) of this device adopts a hollow cone structure, and a water inlet pipe (13) and a drain pipe (6) are provided at the bottom. A rotary aeration device is arranged in the middle of the cone, which is composed of a perforated aeration branch pipe (10) and an aeration pipe (12). The rotary aeration device is connected to the aeration pipe (12) by a rotary joint (11); in the aeration state, the perforated aeration branch pipe (10) can rotate to evenly distribute gas inside the reactor; the upper part of the reactor body (1) adopts a cylindrical structure, and permanent magnet plates (2) are symmetrically arranged on both sides. A motor (9) is provided at the top of the reactor body (1) and is connected with a vertical stirring shaft, and a double-layer spiral stirring paddle (3) is installed on the shaft to drive the water flow to form a vortex; the reactor is filled with positively charged friction particles (4) and negatively charged friction particles (5); triboelectrification is generated under the action of stirring, vortex, etc. to catalytically degrade pollutants in water; a filter screen (8) is also provided at the upper part of the reactor and is connected to a water outlet pipe (7), and at the same time, an automatic exhaust valve (14) is provided at the top to discharge excess gas. Permanent magnet plates (2) are arranged outside the device to inhibit electron-hole recombination.

2. The aeration type water treatment device for catalytic degradation of pollutants based on triboelectrification according to claim 1, wherein : The surface material of the positively charged friction particles adopts nylon (PA), and the surface material of the negatively charged friction particles can adopt polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Both the positively charged friction particles (4) and the negatively charged friction particles (5) are spherical.

3. The aeration type water treatment device for catalytic degradation of pollutants based on triboelectrification according to claim 1, characterized in that : The aeration holes on the perforated aeration pipe are horizontally opened, and the aeration holes are evenly arranged on the aeration branch pipe (10). The aeration holes on the two side aeration branch pipes are arranged in opposite directions. The aeration generates a driving force in the rotating direction, and the turbulent flow generated by the aeration makes the friction particles collide with each other. At the same time, it oxygenates the water to enhance the formation of superoxide radicals.

4. The aeration type water treatment device for catalytic degradation of pollutants based on triboelectrification according to claim 1, characterized in that : The included angle between the stirring paddle blades on the aeration device and the horizontal plane is 15°. The driving force generated by the aeration and the driving force of the bubbles on the paddle board cause the paddle blades to rotate. The rotating paddle blades have a stirring effect, which promotes mass transfer and particle collision.

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