A sound barrier made of tailings material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a sound barrier made from tailings material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of sound barriers. The sound barrier comprises a substrate, a functional additive, and a self-healing additive. The substrate primarily comprises tailings particles, compounded with alumina powder, Portland cement, and nano-hydroxyapatite; the functional additive comprises a polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, silica nano-aerogel, nano-molybdenum disulfide particles, and polyacrylate-coated paraffin microcapsules; and the self-healing additive comprises polyurethane-coated epoxy resin microcapsules, polyurethane-coated amine curing agent microcapsules, CaCO3 microcrystals, nano-montmorillonite particles, and nano-nickel-coated carbon particles. The present invention realizes the resource utilization of tailings and significantly improves the mechanical properties, sound absorption and sound insulation properties, self-healing properties, and weather resistance of the sound barrier.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sound barriers, and in particular to a sound barrier made of tailings material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization and the rise of industrialization, environmental noise pollution has become increasingly serious. This is particularly true along major transportation routes, in industrial parks, and at the intersections of urban functional zones, where noise pollution has significantly impacted people's quality of life. To effectively reduce noise pollution, sound barriers have been widely used as an important noise control method.

[0003] Sound barriers typically consist of sound-absorbing materials and a structural base material. Their primary function is to attenuate noise by absorbing and blocking the propagation of sound waves. Currently, commonly used sound barrier materials include concrete, metal plates, and composite sound-absorbing materials. While these materials can achieve a certain degree of noise reduction, they suffer from high material costs, poor sustainability, insufficient impact resistance, and susceptibility to cracking and damage over time. Concrete and metal sound barriers are particularly heavy and prone to cracking when subjected to mechanical shock or temperature and humidity fluctuations, shortening their service life.

[0004] At the same time, tailings, as a byproduct of mineral resource development, not only occupy significant land resources but also pose a significant environmental risk. Utilizing tailings as a resource and mitigating their environmental impact has become a hot topic of research. In recent years, some research has explored the use of tailings in building materials, such as tailings concrete and bricks, but their application in acoustic functional materials is relatively limited.

[0005] Therefore, how to develop a sound barrier made of tailings materials that has both light weight and good sound absorption performance while also having self-healing properties and green sustainability has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a sound barrier made of tailings material and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] The above-mentioned object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A sound barrier made of tailings material, comprising a base material, a functional additive and a self-healing additive;

[0009] The substrate comprises the following components:

[0010] (1) Tailings particles, 10 to 30 parts by weight, with a particle size of 0.1 to 2 mm;

[0011] (2) Alumina powder, 5 to 8 parts by weight;

[0012] (3) cement, 30 to 40 parts by weight;

[0013] (4) fiber, 1 to 2 parts by weight;

[0014] (5) machine-made sand, 8 to 10 parts by weight;

[0015] (6) water, 8 to 9 parts by weight;

[0016] The functional additives include the following components:

[0017] (1) polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, 5 to 8 parts by weight;

[0018] (2) 3 to 5 parts by weight of silica nanoaerogel;

[0019] (3) 2 to 4 parts by weight of nano-molybdenum disulfide particles;

[0020] The self-healing additive comprises the following components:

[0021] (1) 5-7 parts by weight of polyurethane-coated epoxy resin self-healing microcapsules with a particle size of 100-300 μm;

[0022] (2) 2 to 3 parts by weight of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent microcapsules.

[0023] The sound barrier's base material primarily utilizes tailings particles as aggregate, fully utilizing tailings waste and avoiding environmental pollution, thus meeting the requirements of sustainable development. Compared to traditional sound barrier materials, such as natural ore aggregates, this invention effectively reduces raw material costs while also minimizing the ecological damage caused by ore mining. The tailings particles not only serve as filler in the sound barrier but also possess certain acoustic resistance properties, helping to enhance sound wave attenuation.

[0024] In the base material, alumina powder significantly increases the material's density and mechanical strength, thereby enhancing the stability and durability of the sound barrier. Portland cement, as a binder, effectively bonds and solidifies the tailings particles and other functional materials, forming a tightly structured solid. This structural property effectively blocks the transmission and propagation of sound waves, enhancing the sound barrier's effectiveness.

[0025] Among the functional additives, the polypyrrole-polyaniline composite has significant electrical conductivity and wave absorption properties in sound barrier materials. As a conductive polymer, polyaniline can improve the electromagnetic shielding effect of the sound barrier, especially in situations where electromagnetic interference suppression is required, where it exhibits excellent performance. In addition, after polypyrrole and polyaniline are compounded, their porous structure becomes more stable, forming a composite material with strong sound absorption capacity, further optimizing the sound absorption and noise reduction effect. Specifically, the π-π stacking effect of polypyrrole interacts with the nitrogen groups of polyaniline, prompting the material to form a relatively stable porous network structure. Polyaniline can effectively increase the dispersibility of the composite, making the interface between polypyrrole and polyaniline tighter, thereby improving the stability of the overall structure. This porous structure not only helps to enhance the conductivity of the material, but also optimizes the sound absorption performance of the sound barrier, making the material more outstanding in high-frequency noise attenuation.

[0026] The addition of nano-molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) can enhance the electrical conductivity and lubricity of the polypyrrole and polyaniline composite, a property that plays an important role in improving the overall performance of the sound barrier. Specifically, MoS2 has stronger electrical conductivity than general polymer materials and can form a conductive channel in the polypyrrole / polyaniline composite system. Due to the layered structure of MoS2, it can provide a better electron conduction path, thereby improving the conductivity of the entire composite. Relatively speaking, the polypyrrole-polyaniline composite also has a synergistic effect with nano-molybdenum disulfide particles. Due to the excellent interfacial compatibility of polyaniline, the nano-molybdenum disulfide particles can be evenly dispersed in the composite material, reducing agglomeration. This dispersion significantly improves the overall acoustic and mechanical properties of the sound barrier material, helping to enhance the material's sound absorption, sound insulation, and fatigue resistance.

[0027] In addition, there is a synergistic effect between nano-molybdenum disulfide and silica nano-aerogel, which can enhance the wear resistance and mechanical strength of the material, allowing the sound barrier to maintain good structural integrity and mechanical properties during long-term use.

[0028] In the self-healing additive, the polyurethane-coated epoxy resin self-healing microcapsules can rupture and release epoxy resin when the material is damaged, quickly filling the cracks; while the polyurethane-coated amine curing agent microcapsules can react with the epoxy resin and quickly cure to form a new bonding layer. Through this two-component self-healing system, the structural integrity of the material can be quickly restored after microcracks form, significantly extending the service life of the sound barrier. Secondly, nano-MoS2 plays a key role in the self-healing mechanism. Its synergistic effect with the polyurethane-coated epoxy resin microcapsules can effectively improve the self-healing efficiency. When the material is subjected to external forces and microcracks are generated, nano-MoS2 not only enhances the mechanical properties of the microcapsules, but also promotes the rupture and release of the microcapsules, thereby accelerating the self-healing process and improving the speed and effectiveness of the material's repair.

[0029] Furthermore, 5-7 parts by weight of nano-hydroxyapatite is added to the substrate.

[0030] Nanohydroxyapatite is an inorganic material containing hydroxyl groups and a calcium phosphate structure, with excellent biocompatibility and mechanical strength. In the sound barrier substrate of the present invention, nanohydroxyapatite can form a composite matrix with tailings particles, alumina powder, and Portland cement, significantly improving the overall mechanical properties of the sound barrier.

[0031] Since nano-hydroxyapatite has high hardness and excellent interface bonding properties, its introduction can play a reinforcing role in composite materials. First, nano-scale hydroxyapatite has a large specific surface area and surface energy, can be evenly dispersed in the matrix, and form a relatively stable physical and chemical bond with silicate cement. This combination improves the density and strength of the composite material, making the sound barrier more resilient and resistant to damage when subjected to impact and vibration. Secondly, nano-hydroxyapatite and alumina powder work together to effectively enhance the compressive strength and wear resistance of the composite material. Since nano-hydroxyapatite itself has rigid characteristics, it can play a bearing and transmission role when the substrate is subjected to force, reducing structural deformation and fatigue damage. At the same time, its nano-properties enable it to fill the tiny pores inside the material on a microscopic scale, reduce the porosity, and improve the density of the structure.

[0032] The porous nature of nanohydroxyapatite has a positive effect on improving the acoustic performance of sound barriers. Its particles can form a micro-nanopore structure in the substrate, which promotes multiple reflections and scattering of sound waves within the material, reducing the propagation efficiency of sound energy. In particular, the unique lattice vibration mode of HA has a strong absorption capacity for medium and high-frequency sound waves, further improving the sound insulation effect of the sound barrier in traffic and industrial noise environments. In addition, the interaction between nanohydroxyapatite and tailings particles can construct a complex acoustic impedance matching network in the composite material, reducing the reflection and transmission of sound waves at the material interface, allowing more sound energy to be absorbed and attenuated within the material, and enhancing sound insulation performance.

[0033] Furthermore, the introduction of nanohydroxyapatite has the potential to enhance self-healing. Due to its interfacial affinity with the polyurethane-coated epoxy resin microcapsules, it can aid in the effective distribution of the repair agent when microcracks develop, increasing the diffusivity of the self-healing material. This allows the repair agent released upon microcapsule rupture to fill the crack more quickly and evenly, further enhancing self-healing efficiency.

[0034] Furthermore, 8 to 12 parts by weight of paraffin microcapsules are added to the functional additive.

[0035] Paraffin microcapsules are microscopic granular materials composed of paraffin as a core material and a polymer as a shell material. They exhibit phase-change properties, enabling a solid-to-liquid transition within a certain temperature range. In the present invention, this phase-change property enables the formation of a viscoelastic interface layer within the material. This interface layer absorbs sound wave energy and converts it into heat, thereby improving the sound absorption efficiency of the sound barrier, particularly in low-frequency noise environments.

[0036] Furthermore, the surface of the paraffin microcapsules is coated with polyacrylate.

[0037] The core material of paraffin microcapsules is paraffin, whose phase change properties make them prone to melting and solidification when the temperature fluctuates. However, due to the poor durability of the shell material, single paraffin microcapsules may rupture due to mechanical wear or environmental erosion during long-term outdoor use, thereby reducing material performance. Polyacrylate, a polymer material with excellent weather resistance and mechanical strength, forms a dense and flexible protective film when coated on the surface of paraffin microcapsules. This protective film not only effectively blocks the erosion of paraffin microcapsules by external moisture, acids and bases, and ultraviolet rays, but also enhances the microcapsules' wear resistance, significantly reducing the risk of rupture caused by friction and impact.

[0038] Furthermore, polyacrylate coating not only enhances the physical strength of the microcapsules but also optimizes their acoustic performance. Within the sound barrier material, paraffin microcapsules absorb noise energy through their phase change properties, converting some of that energy into heat. The addition of the polyacrylate coating creates a multilayered composite structure as sound waves propagate, causing multiple reflections and energy dissipation as they penetrate the material. This multi-interface reflection effect is significantly effective in reducing mid- and low-frequency noise. Furthermore, polyacrylate inherently possesses certain damping properties, effectively absorbing noise caused by structural vibration. This property enables the sound barrier material to better resist the transmission of noise caused by vibration, improving overall sound insulation performance.

[0039] Furthermore, the self-healing additive is further added with 2 to 4 parts by weight of CaCO3 microcrystals.

[0040] CaCO3 microcrystals exhibit excellent interfacial bonding with polyurethane-coated epoxy resin self-healing microcapsules. Due to the presence of reactive groups on the CaCO3 surface, they form a stable physical and chemical bond with the polyurethane coating and substrate. This interfacial bonding improves the dispersion and stability of the microcapsules within the composite matrix, preventing agglomeration or sedimentation during mixing and molding.

[0041] Secondly, when cracks develop, the CaCO3 microcrystals, due to their rigidity, can quickly fill the cracks and provide support for the self-healing microcapsules. This physical filling mechanism can immediately inhibit crack expansion, effectively preventing microcracks from developing into larger damage. When the polyurethane-coated epoxy resin microcapsules release the repair agent, the CaCO3 microcrystals react with the epoxy resin to form a dense composite, further enhancing the strength and durability of the repair layer. This not only restores the integrity of the sound barrier material but also effectively improves the compressive and flexural properties of the self-healed material, preventing secondary damage.

[0042] Furthermore, the self-healing additive is further added with nano-montmorillonite particles in a weight ratio of 1:1 to CaCO3 microcrystals.

[0043] Nano-montmorillonite is a layered silicate mineral with a large interlayer spacing, resulting in excellent layered structural stability, mechanical reinforcement, and wettability. By introducing nano-montmorillonite particles in a 1:1 weight ratio with CaCO3 microcrystals into the self-healing additive, the material's self-healing efficiency and mechanical properties were further enhanced.

[0044] Nano-montmorillonite has high surface activity and interlayer cation exchange capacity. When the self-healing microcapsules rupture, the montmorillonite flakes can form a stable cross-linked network with the epoxy resin and curing agent, allowing the repair material to quickly set and cure at the crack. This cross-linking property makes the crack filling more uniform and dense, improving the healing strength. Because the montmorillonite flakes can effectively adsorb the repair agent molecules when the crack closes, they are evenly distributed in the crack area, avoiding repair defects caused by sagging or leakage. At the same time, the mixed filler formed by montmorillonite and CaCO3 microcrystals provides dual support at the crack, making the repaired area more resistant to cracking when subjected to subsequent stress. The introduction of the montmorillonite flake structure into the healing layer significantly enhances the tensile strength and toughness of the material. After the crack is repaired, not only can the structural integrity be restored, but a composite layer with enhanced toughness properties can also be formed after the self-healing is completed, greatly improving the material's fatigue resistance.

[0045] Secondly, because montmorillonite flakes can slip between layers when subjected to acoustic vibrations, this frictional effect converts some of the sound energy into heat, further reducing the energy of the sound waves. The montmorillonite flake structure creates multi-level micropores within the material, while the CaCO3 microcrystals act as a rigid filler, increasing the material's density. When these two elements are combined, sound waves undergo multiple reflections, refractions, and absorption within the material, attenuating the sound energy layer by layer. This significantly improves sound absorption, demonstrating excellent sound insulation, particularly in mid- and high-frequency noise environments.

[0046] Furthermore, 3 to 5 parts by weight of nano-nickel-coated carbon particles are added to the self-healing additive.

[0047] Nano-nickel-coated carbon particles are a composite material with a core-shell structure, with a carbon core and a nickel shell. Nano-nickel-coated carbon particles play a key role in building a conductive network within sound barrier materials. Because nickel has a low resistivity, coating the carbon particles with it can form conductive chains or networks within the composite matrix. Secondly, in dry or dusty environments, static charges easily accumulate on the surface of sound barriers, attracting dust and affecting acoustic performance. The conductive network of the nano-nickel-coated carbon particles enables the material to quickly dissipate static charges, thereby reducing the impact of static electricity accumulation on the material's structure and performance.

[0048] In addition, the ductility of the nickel shell helps to form a dense protective layer when the crack closes, further promoting the self-healing process.

[0049] A method for preparing the above-mentioned sound barrier made of tailings material comprises the following steps:

[0050] S1 raw material mixing: mixing the components of the substrate according to the proportion to obtain a substrate mixture;

[0051] S2 Functional additive preparation: uniformly mix the components of the functional additive according to the proportion to obtain a functional additive mixture;

[0052] S3 self-healing additive preparation: uniformly mixing the components of the self-healing additive according to the proportion to obtain a self-healing additive mixture;

[0053] S4 Mixing and stirring: Mix the base material mixture, the functional additive mixture and the self-healing additive mixture according to the weight ratio for 3 to 4 minutes, then add deionized water and stir for 6 to 7 minutes. The stirring speed is controlled at 240 rpm to form a uniform slurry;

[0054] S5 mixing: putting the evenly stirred slurry into a mixer for mixing;

[0055] S6 vacuum extrusion molding: inject the slurry into the vacuum extruder and extrude it into shape;

[0056] S7 cutting and curing: After the formed product is cut, steam curing is carried out at 500-100℃ under normal pressure. After curing, it is polished and regularized as needed.

[0057] Furthermore, in step S2, the functional additives are mixed using a shear stirring process with a shear rate of 1000-1500 rpm for 10-20 minutes; and the mixing temperature is controlled at 25-35°C.

[0058] High shear rate mixing can effectively overcome the agglomeration of nanomaterials. The polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, silica nano-aerogel, nano-molybdenum disulfide particles and paraffin microcapsules in the functional additives are all nano- or micron-sized particles with a large specific surface area and a strong tendency to adsorb each other. Under the action of high shear force, the van der Waals force between these particles is weakened, thereby disaggregating the agglomerates and forming a uniformly dispersed suspension system. During the shear stirring process, controlling the mixing temperature at 25-35°C can effectively avoid the degradation of the polypyrrole-polyaniline composite and the phase change failure of the paraffin microcapsules caused by excessively high temperature. The appropriate temperature makes the mixing process gentle and stable, ensuring the chemical stability and physical integrity of the additives.

[0059] Furthermore, in step S3, the self-healing additive mixture is mixed using a planetary stirring process, with a stirring rate of 200 to 300 rpm and a stirring time of 20 to 40 minutes; and the humidity is maintained at 60% to 70% during mixing.

[0060] During the mixing process of the self-healing additive, a planetary mixing process is used with a stirring rate of 200-300 rpm and a stirring time of 20-40 minutes, while maintaining the humidity between 60% and 70%. By combining two stirring methods, the planetary mixing process achieves efficient mixing of the additive, avoiding the uneven dispersion and particle sedimentation that occur in traditional mixing processes, and ensuring the uniform distribution of the self-healing microcapsules in the material.

[0061] Maintaining the mixing humidity within the range of 60% to 70% ensures the stability of the microcapsule shell, preventing it from becoming brittle due to dryness or premature rupture due to excessive moisture during the mixing process. Excessive humidity may cause the microcapsule outer layer to rupture prematurely, affecting its self-healing function; while too low humidity may lead to poor adhesion of the microcapsule surface, affecting the overall dispersion and uniformity of the material. Therefore, precise humidity control is crucial to ensure that the microcapsules can stably release the repair agent during the subsequent self-healing reaction and enhance the repair effect.

[0062] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0063] This application utilizes a composite system of tailings particles, functional additives, and self-healing additives to significantly enhance the mechanical properties, sound absorption and insulation, self-healing properties, and weather resistance of the sound barrier. By utilizing tailings particles as the primary component of the substrate, the invention fully utilizes the tailings material, effectively reducing the accumulation of tailings waste and environmental pollution.

[0064] Secondly, the combination of polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, silica nanoaerogel, nano-molybdenum disulfide particles, and paraffin microcapsules in the functional additives significantly enhances the sound barrier's sound absorption and noise reduction performance. The polypyrrole-polyaniline composite not only provides excellent electrical conductivity but also strengthens the material's electromagnetic shielding capabilities, while the silica nanoaerogel, with its high specific surface area and microporous structure, further enhances sound wave absorption. The nano-molybdenum disulfide particles enhance interfacial bonding and improve the material's wear resistance and mechanical strength, ensuring the long-term stability of the sound barrier.

[0065] In terms of self-healing performance, the present invention introduces self-healing additives such as polyurethane-coated epoxy resin microcapsules, CaCO3 microcrystals, nano-montmorillonite particles, and nano-nickel-coated carbon particles, so that the sound barrier can automatically repair itself when it is damaged by microcracks or external forces. The design of the microcapsules enables the repair agent to be quickly released when cracks occur, filling the cracks and restoring the structural integrity of the material. CaCO3 microcrystals and nano-montmorillonite particles improve the repair efficiency of the material after damage and enhance the mechanical properties of the repair layer by enhancing the dispersibility and stability of the self-healing microcapsules. Nano-nickel-coated carbon particles not only improve the electrical conductivity and lubricity of the material, but also promote the rapid solidification of the repair layer during the self-healing process, further improving the efficiency and quality of the self-healing effect. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0067] The various components in the following examples specifically employ the following ingredients:

[0068] (1) Tailings particles

[0069] The tailing particles used in the present invention are selected from tungsten tailings, and the main components of the tungsten tailings are shown in Table 1 below:

[0070] Table 1 Chemical element content of tungsten tailings (%)

[0071]

[0072] The tailing particles are sieved as needed, or ground and sieved by a ball mill to control the particle size to be 0.1 mm, 1.05 mm or 2 mm as described in the examples.

[0073] (2) Alumina powder

[0074] The alumina powder used is high-purity α-alumina with a purity of ≥99.5% and an average particle size of 2μm.

[0075] (3) Portland cement

[0076] General-purpose 42.5 grade ordinary Portland cement is selected, the main components of which include: CaO (6065 wt%), SiO2 (2022 wt%), Al2O3 (47 wt%), Fe2O3 (35 wt%), and the rest are MgO, SO3 and other impurities, the total amount of which does not exceed 5%.

[0077] (4) Machine-made sand

[0078] (5) Fiber

[0079] (6) Nanohydroxyapatite

[0080] The average particle size of nanohydroxyapatite particles is 50 nm, and the Ca / P molar ratio is 1.67.

[0081] (7) Polypyrrole-polyaniline composite

[0082] Polypyrrole and polyaniline were compounded in a weight ratio of 1:1 and then ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a conductive composite with an average particle size of about 100 nm.

[0083] (9) Silica Nanoaerogel

[0084] Silica nanoaerogels were commercial products with a density of ≤0.05 g / cm³, a specific surface area of ​​≥600 m² / g, and an average pore size of approximately 20 nm.

[0085] (10) Nano-molybdenum disulfide particles

[0086] Nano-molybdenum disulfide particles are layered particles with an average particle size of about 50 nm and a purity of ≥99%.

[0087] (11) Paraffin microcapsules

[0088] The inner core of the paraffin microcapsule is n-octadecane paraffin with a melting point of 58°C, and the core material accounts for 75 wt% of the total weight of the microcapsule; the outer shell is urea-formaldehyde resin with a particle size of 10 μm.

[0089] (12) Polyurethane-coated epoxy resin microcapsules

[0090] The inner core of the microcapsule is bisphenol A epoxy resin (E-51), the outer shell is polyurethane resin, the inner core resin accounts for 70wt% of the total weight, and the particle size is 100-300μm.

[0091] (13) Polyurethane-coated amine curing agent microcapsules

[0092] The core of the microcapsule is diethylenetriamine (DETA), the shell is polyurethane resin, the curing agent accounts for 65 wt% of the total weight, and the particle size is 100-300 μm.

[0093] (14) CaCO3 microcrystals

[0094] The CaCO3 microcrystals are calcite crystal type with a particle size distribution of 5 to 15 μm and a purity of ≥98%.

[0095] (15) Nano-montmorillonite particles

[0096] The average particle size of nano-montmorillonite particles is 80 nm, the interlayer spacing is about 1.2 nm, and the purity of montmorillonite is ≥95%.

[0097] (16) Nano-nickel coated carbon particles

[0098] The chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method was used to coat an amorphous carbon layer on the surface of the nano-nickel. The average particle diameter was 60 nm and the thickness of the carbon layer was about 5 nm.

[0099] Example 1

[0100] This embodiment discloses a sound barrier made of tailings material, which includes a base material, a functional additive and a self-healing additive.

[0101] The substrate includes the following components:

[0102] (1) Tailings particles, 20 parts by weight, particle size 0.1 mm.

[0103] (2) aluminum oxide powder, 5 parts by weight;

[0104] (3) Portland cement, 30 parts by weight;

[0105] (4) fiber, 1 part by weight;

[0106] (5) machine-made sand, 8 parts by weight;

[0107] (6) Water, 8 parts by weight.

[0108] Functional additives include the following components:

[0109] (1) polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, 5 parts by weight;

[0110] (2) Silica nanoaerogel, 3 parts by weight;

[0111] (3) Nano-molybdenum disulfide particles, 2 parts by weight.

[0112] Self-healing additives include the following components:

[0113] (1) Polyurethane-coated epoxy resin self-healing microcapsules, 5 parts by weight, particle size 100 μm;

[0114] (2) 2 parts by weight of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent microcapsules.

[0115] This embodiment also discloses a method for preparing a sound barrier made of tailings material:

[0116] S1 Raw material mixing: Mix the components of the substrate according to the proportion to obtain a substrate mixture; set the stirring speed to 300 rpm and the stirring time to 10 minutes.

[0117] Preparation of S2 functional additives: The components of the functional additives were uniformly mixed according to the proportions to obtain a functional additive mixture; the shear rate was set to 1000 rpm, the mixing time was 10 minutes, and the mixing temperature was controlled at 25°C.

[0118] Preparation of S3 Self-Healing Additive: Uniformly mix the components of the self-healing additive according to the proportions to obtain a self-healing additive mixture. Use a planetary stirring process at a stirring rate of 250 rpm for 30 minutes. Maintain a humidity of 60% during mixing.

[0119] S4 mixing and stirring: the base material mixture, the functional additive mixture and the self-healing additive mixture are mixed and stirred in proportion to each other by weight for 4 minutes, and then deionized water is added and stirred for 6 minutes. The stirring speed is controlled at 240 rpm to form a uniform slurry.

[0120] S5 Mixing: Put the evenly stirred slurry into a mixer for mixing.

[0121] S6 vacuum extrusion molding: inject the slurry into the vacuum extruder and extrude it into shape.

[0122] S7 cutting and curing: After the formed product is cut, steam curing is carried out at 50℃ and normal pressure. After curing, it is polished and regularized as needed.

[0123] Example 2

[0124] This embodiment discloses a sound barrier made of tailings material, which includes a base material, a functional additive and a self-healing additive.

[0125] The substrate includes the following components:

[0126] (1) Tailings particles, 30 parts by weight, particle size 2 mm;

[0127] (2) aluminum oxide powder, 8 parts by weight;

[0128] (3) Portland cement, 40 parts by weight;

[0129] (4) fiber, 2 parts by weight;

[0130] (5) machine-made sand, 10 parts by weight;

[0131] (6) Water, 9 parts by weight.

[0132] Functional additives include the following components:

[0133] (1) polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, 8 parts by weight;

[0134] (2) Silica nanoaerogel, 5 parts by weight;

[0135] (3) Nano-molybdenum disulfide particles, 4 parts by weight.

[0136] Self-healing additives include the following components:

[0137] (1) Polyurethane-coated epoxy resin self-healing microcapsules, 7 parts by weight, particle size 300 μm;

[0138] (2) 3 parts by weight of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent microcapsules.

[0139] This embodiment also discloses a method for preparing a sound barrier made of tailings material:

[0140] S1 Raw material mixing: Mix the components of the base material in proportion to obtain a base material mixture; the mixing speed is 500 rpm and the stirring time is 15 minutes until the material is uniform and set aside.

[0141] Preparation of S2 functional additives: The components of the functional additives were uniformly mixed according to the proportion to obtain a functional additive mixture; the shear rate was set to 1500 rpm, the mixing temperature was controlled at 35°C, and the stirring time was 20 minutes.

[0142] Preparation of S3 self-healing additive: The components of the self-healing additive are uniformly mixed according to the proportion to obtain a self-healing additive mixture; a planetary stirring process is adopted during mixing, the stirring speed is set to 300 rpm, the stirring time is 40 minutes, and the ambient humidity is strictly controlled at 70%.

[0143] S4 mixing and stirring: the base material mixture, the functional additive mixture and the self-healing additive mixture are mixed and stirred in proportion to each other by weight for 4 minutes, and then deionized water is added and stirred for 6 minutes. The stirring speed is controlled at 240 rpm to form a uniform slurry.

[0144] S5 Mixing: Put the evenly stirred slurry into a mixer for mixing.

[0145] S6 vacuum extrusion molding: inject the slurry into the vacuum extruder and extrude it into shape.

[0146] S7 cutting and curing: After the formed product is cut, steam curing is carried out at 70℃ and normal pressure. After curing, it is polished and regularized as needed.

[0147] Example 3

[0148] This embodiment discloses a sound barrier made of tailings material, which includes a base material, a functional additive and a self-healing additive.

[0149] The substrate includes the following components:

[0150] (1) Tailings particles, 20 parts by weight, particle size 1.05 mm;

[0151] (2) Alumina powder, 6.5 parts by weight;

[0152] (3) Portland cement, 35 parts by weight;

[0153] (4) fiber, 1.5 parts by weight;

[0154] (5) machine-made sand, 9 parts by weight;

[0155] (6) Water, 8.5 parts by weight.

[0156] Functional additives include the following components:

[0157] (1) polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, 6.5 parts by weight;

[0158] (2) Silica nanoaerogel, 4 parts by weight;

[0159] (3) Nano-molybdenum disulfide particles, 3 parts by weight.

[0160] Self-healing additives include the following components:

[0161] (1) Polyurethane-coated epoxy resin self-healing microcapsules, 6 parts by weight, particle size 200 μm;

[0162] (2) 2.5 parts by weight of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent microcapsules.

[0163] This embodiment also discloses a method for preparing a sound barrier made of tailings material:

[0164] S1 Raw material mixing: Mix the components of the base material in proportion to obtain a base material mixture; the mixing speed is 400 rpm and the stirring time is 12 minutes until the material is uniform and set aside.

[0165] Preparation of S2 functional additives: The components of the functional additives were uniformly mixed according to the proportions to obtain a functional additive mixture; the shear rate was set to 1250 rpm, the mixing temperature was controlled at 30°C, and the stirring time was 15 minutes.

[0166] Preparation of S3 self-healing additive: The components of the self-healing additive are uniformly mixed according to the proportion to obtain a self-healing additive mixture; a planetary stirring process is adopted during mixing, the stirring speed is set to 250 rpm, the stirring time is 30 minutes, and the ambient humidity is strictly controlled at 65%.

[0167] S4 mixing and stirring: the base material mixture, the functional additive mixture and the self-healing additive mixture are mixed and stirred in proportion to each other by weight for 4 minutes, and then deionized water is added and stirred for 7 minutes. The stirring speed is controlled at 240 rpm to form a uniform slurry.

[0168] S5 Mixing: Put the evenly stirred slurry into a mixer for mixing.

[0169] S6 vacuum extrusion molding: inject the slurry into the vacuum extruder and extrude it into shape.

[0170] S7 cutting and curing: After the formed product is cut, steam curing is carried out at 100℃ and normal pressure. After curing, it is polished and regularized as needed.

[0171] Example 4

[0172] This embodiment discloses a sound barrier made of tailings material, which includes a base material, a functional additive and a self-healing additive;

[0173] The substrate includes the following components:

[0174] (1) Tailings particles, 20 parts by weight, particle size 1.05 mm;

[0175] (2) Alumina powder, 6.5 parts by weight;

[0176] (3) Portland cement, 35 parts by weight;

[0177] (4) fiber, 1.5 parts by weight;

[0178] (5) machine-made sand, 9 parts by weight;

[0179] (6) water, 8.5 parts by weight;

[0180] (7) Nanohydroxyapatite, 5 parts by weight.

[0181] Functional additives include the following components:

[0182] (1) polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, 6.5 parts by weight;

[0183] (2) Silica nanoaerogel, 4 parts by weight;

[0184] (3) Nano-molybdenum disulfide particles, 3 parts by weight.

[0185] Self-healing additives include the following components:

[0186] (1) Polyurethane-coated epoxy resin self-healing microcapsules, 6 parts by weight, particle size 200 μm;

[0187] (2) 2.5 parts by weight of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent microcapsules.

[0188] This embodiment also discloses a method for preparing a sound barrier made of tailings material:

[0189] S1 Raw material mixing: Mix the components of the base material in proportion to obtain a base material mixture; the mixing speed is 400 rpm and the stirring time is 12 minutes until the material is uniform and set aside.

[0190] Preparation of S2 functional additives: The components of the functional additives were uniformly mixed according to the proportions to obtain a functional additive mixture; the shear rate was set to 1250 rpm, the mixing temperature was controlled at 30°C, and the stirring time was 15 minutes.

[0191] Preparation of S3 self-healing additive: The components of the self-healing additive are uniformly mixed according to the proportion to obtain a self-healing additive mixture; a planetary stirring process is adopted during mixing, the stirring speed is set to 250 rpm, the stirring time is 30 minutes, and the ambient humidity is strictly controlled at 65%.

[0192] S4 mixing and stirring: the base material mixture, the functional additive mixture and the self-healing additive mixture are mixed and stirred in proportion to each other by weight for 4 minutes, and then deionized water is added and stirred for 7 minutes. The stirring speed is controlled at 240 rpm to form a uniform slurry.

[0193] S5 Mixing: Put the evenly stirred slurry into a mixer for mixing.

[0194] S6 vacuum extrusion molding: inject the slurry into the vacuum extruder and extrude it into shape.

[0195] S7 cutting and curing: After the formed product is cut, steam curing is carried out at 100℃ and normal pressure. After curing, it is polished and regularized as needed.

[0196] Example 5

[0197] This embodiment discloses a sound barrier made of tailings material, which includes a base material, a functional additive and a self-healing additive.

[0198] The substrate includes the following components:

[0199] (1) Tailings particles, 20 parts by weight, particle size 1.05 mm;

[0200] (2) Alumina powder, 6.5 parts by weight;

[0201] (3) Portland cement, 35 parts by weight;

[0202] (4) fiber, 1.5 parts by weight;

[0203] (5) machine-made sand, 9 parts by weight;

[0204] (6) water, 8.5 parts by weight;

[0205] (7) Nanohydroxyapatite, 5 parts by weight.

[0206] Functional additives include the following components:

[0207] (1) polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, 6.5 parts by weight;

[0208] (2) Silica nanoaerogel, 4 parts by weight;

[0209] (3) nano-molybdenum disulfide particles, 3 parts by weight;

[0210] (4) Paraffin microcapsules, 8 parts by weight.

[0211] Self-healing additives include the following components:

[0212] (1) Polyurethane-coated epoxy resin self-healing microcapsules, 6 parts by weight, particle size 200 μm;

[0213] (2) 2.5 parts by weight of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent microcapsules.

[0214] This embodiment also discloses a method for preparing a sound barrier made of tailings material:

[0215] S1 Raw material mixing: Mix the components of the base material in proportion to obtain a base material mixture; the mixing speed is 400 rpm and the stirring time is 12 minutes until the material is uniform and set aside.

[0216] Preparation of S2 functional additives: The components of the functional additives were uniformly mixed according to the proportions to obtain a functional additive mixture; the shear rate was set to 1250 rpm, the mixing temperature was controlled at 30°C, and the stirring time was 15 minutes.

[0217] Preparation of S3 self-healing additive: The components of the self-healing additive are uniformly mixed according to the proportion to obtain a self-healing additive mixture; a planetary stirring process is adopted during mixing, the stirring speed is set to 250 rpm, the stirring time is 30 minutes, and the ambient humidity is strictly controlled at 65%.

[0218] S4 mixing and stirring: the base material mixture, the functional additive mixture and the self-healing additive mixture are mixed and stirred in proportion to each other by weight for 4 minutes, and then deionized water is added and stirred for 7 minutes. The stirring speed is controlled at 240 rpm to form a uniform slurry.

[0219] S5 Mixing: Put the evenly stirred slurry into a mixer for mixing.

[0220] S6 vacuum extrusion molding: inject the slurry into the vacuum extruder and extrude it into shape.

[0221] S7 cutting and curing: After the formed product is cut, steam curing is carried out at 100℃ and normal pressure. After curing, it is polished and regularized as needed.

[0222] Example 6

[0223] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 5 is that the surface of the paraffin microcapsules is coated with polyacrylate. The specific steps are as follows:

[0224] (1) Place 100 parts of paraffin microcapsules in a high-speed stirrer and stir and disperse at 400 rpm.

[0225] (2) Preparation of polyacrylate coating liquid: Mix 30 parts of polyacrylate (solid content 20 wt% aqueous emulsion) with 70 parts of deionized water to prepare a polyacrylate dilution solution for use.

[0226] (3) Slowly add the polyacrylate dilution described in step (2) to the paraffin microcapsule dispersion in step (1) and continue stirring. The stirring rate is maintained at 400 rpm, the stirring time is 30 minutes, and the temperature is maintained at 25°C.

[0227] (4) After stirring, the mixed system was transferred to a spray dryer for spray drying. The air inlet temperature of the drying tower was set to 140°C and the air outlet temperature was set to 70°C.

[0228] (5) The dried polyacrylate-coated paraffin microcapsules are collected to obtain paraffin microcapsules with a polyacrylate coating.

[0229] Example 7

[0230] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 6 is that 2 parts by weight of CaCO3 microcrystals are further added to the self-healing additive.

[0231] This embodiment discloses a sound barrier made of tailings material, which includes a base material, a functional additive and a self-healing additive.

[0232] The substrate includes the following components:

[0233] (1) Tailings particles, 20 parts by weight, particle size 1.05 mm;

[0234] (2) Alumina powder, 6.5 parts by weight;

[0235] (3) Portland cement, 35 parts by weight;

[0236] (4) fiber, 1.5 parts by weight;

[0237] (5) machine-made sand, 9 parts by weight;

[0238] (6) water, 8.5 parts by weight;

[0239] (7) Nanohydroxyapatite, 7 parts by weight.

[0240] Functional additives include the following components:

[0241] (1) polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, 6.5 parts by weight;

[0242] (2) Silica nanoaerogel, 4 parts by weight;

[0243] (3) nano-molybdenum disulfide particles, 3 parts by weight;

[0244] (4) Paraffin microcapsules, 12 parts by weight.

[0245] Self-healing additives include the following components:

[0246] (1) Polyurethane-coated epoxy resin self-healing microcapsules, 6 parts by weight, particle size 200 μm;

[0247] (2) 2.5 parts by weight of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent microcapsules;

[0248] (3) CaCO3 microcrystals, 2 parts by weight.

[0249] Example 8

[0250] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 7 is that the self-healing additive further contains nano-montmorillonite particles in a weight ratio of 1:1 to CaCO3 microcrystals.

[0251] This embodiment discloses a sound barrier made of tailings material, which includes a base material, a functional additive and a self-healing additive.

[0252] The substrate includes the following components:

[0253] (1) Tailings particles, 20 parts by weight, particle size 1.05 mm;

[0254] (2) Alumina powder, 6.5 parts by weight;

[0255] (3) Portland cement, 35 parts by weight;

[0256] (4) fiber, 1.5 parts by weight;

[0257] (5) machine-made sand, 9 parts by weight;

[0258] (6) water, 8.5 parts by weight;

[0259] (7) Nanohydroxyapatite, 6 parts by weight.

[0260] Functional additives include the following components:

[0261] (1) polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, 6.5 parts by weight;

[0262] (2) Silica nanoaerogel, 4 parts by weight;

[0263] (3) nano-molybdenum disulfide particles, 3 parts by weight;

[0264] (4) Paraffin microcapsules, 10 parts by weight.

[0265] Self-healing additives include the following components:

[0266] (1) Polyurethane-coated epoxy resin self-healing microcapsules, 6 parts by weight, particle size 200 μm;

[0267] (2) 2.5 parts by weight of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent microcapsules;

[0268] (3) CaCO3 microcrystals, 4 parts by weight;

[0269] (4) Nano-montmorillonite particles, 4 parts by weight.

[0270] Example 9

[0271] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 8 is that 3 parts by weight of nano-nickel-coated carbon particles are added to the self-healing additive.

[0272] This embodiment discloses a sound barrier made of tailings material, which includes a base material, a functional additive and a self-healing additive.

[0273] The substrate includes the following components:

[0274] (1) Tailings particles, 20 parts by weight, particle size 1.05 mm;

[0275] (2) Alumina powder, 6.5 parts by weight;

[0276] (3) Portland cement, 35 parts by weight;

[0277] (4) fiber, 1.5 parts by weight;

[0278] (5) machine-made sand, 9 parts by weight;

[0279] (6) water, 8.5 parts by weight;

[0280] (7) Nanohydroxyapatite, 6 parts by weight.

[0281] Functional additives include the following components:

[0282] (1) polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, 6.5 parts by weight;

[0283] (2) Silica nanoaerogel, 4 parts by weight;

[0284] (3) nano-molybdenum disulfide particles, 3 parts by weight;

[0285] (4) Paraffin microcapsules, 10 parts by weight.

[0286] Self-healing additives include the following components:

[0287] (1) Polyurethane-coated epoxy resin self-healing microcapsules, 6 parts by weight, particle size 200 μm;

[0288] (2) 2.5 parts by weight of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent microcapsules;

[0289] (3) CaCO3 microcrystals, 3 parts by weight;

[0290] (4) nano-montmorillonite particles, 3 parts by weight;

[0291] (5) Nano-nickel coated carbon particles, 3 parts by weight.

[0292] Example 10

[0293] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 8 is that 5 parts by weight of nano-nickel-coated carbon particles are added to the self-healing additive.

[0294] This embodiment discloses a sound barrier made of tailings material, which includes a base material, a functional additive and a self-healing additive.

[0295] The substrate includes the following components:

[0296] (1) Tailings particles, 20 parts by weight, particle size 1.05 mm;

[0297] (2) Alumina powder, 6.5 parts by weight;

[0298] (3) Portland cement, 35 parts by weight;

[0299] (4) fiber, 1.5 parts by weight;

[0300] (5) machine-made sand, 9 parts by weight;

[0301] (6) water, 8.5 parts by weight;

[0302] (7) Nanohydroxyapatite, 6 parts by weight.

[0303] Functional additives include the following components:

[0304] (1) polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, 6.5 parts by weight;

[0305] (2) Silica nanoaerogel, 4 parts by weight;

[0306] (3) nano-molybdenum disulfide particles, 3 parts by weight;

[0307] (4) Paraffin microcapsules, 10 parts by weight.

[0308] Self-healing additives include the following components:

[0309] (1) Polyurethane-coated epoxy resin self-healing microcapsules, 6 parts by weight, particle size 200 μm;

[0310] (2) 2.5 parts by weight of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent microcapsules;

[0311] (3) CaCO3 microcrystals, 3 parts by weight;

[0312] (4) nano-montmorillonite particles, 3 parts by weight;

[0313] (5) Nano-nickel coated carbon particles, 5 parts by weight.

[0314] Example 11

[0315] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 8 is that 4 parts by weight of nano-nickel-coated carbon particles are added to the self-healing additive.

[0316] This embodiment discloses a sound barrier made of tailings material, which includes a base material, a functional additive and a self-healing additive.

[0317] The substrate includes the following components:

[0318] (1) Tailings particles, 20 parts by weight, particle size 1.05 mm;

[0319] (2) Alumina powder, 6.5 parts by weight;

[0320] (3) Portland cement, 35 parts by weight;

[0321] (4) fiber, 1.5 parts by weight;

[0322] (5) machine-made sand, 9 parts by weight;

[0323] (6) water, 8.5 parts by weight;

[0324] (7) Nanohydroxyapatite, 6 parts by weight.

[0325] Functional additives include the following components:

[0326] (1) polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, 6.5 parts by weight;

[0327] (2) Silica nanoaerogel, 4 parts by weight;

[0328] (3) nano-molybdenum disulfide particles, 3 parts by weight;

[0329] (4) Paraffin microcapsules, 10 parts by weight.

[0330] Self-healing additives include the following components:

[0331] (1) Polyurethane-coated epoxy resin self-healing microcapsules, 6 parts by weight, particle size 200 μm;

[0332] (2) 2.5 parts by weight of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent microcapsules;

[0333] (3) CaCO3 microcrystals, 3 parts by weight;

[0334] (4) nano-montmorillonite particles, 3 parts by weight;

[0335] (5) Nano-nickel coated carbon particles, 4 parts by weight.

[0336] Comparative Example 1

[0337] This comparative example discloses a sound barrier made of tailings material, which includes a base material, a functional additive and a self-healing additive.

[0338] The substrate includes the following components:

[0339] (1) Tailings particles, 20 parts by weight, particle size 1.05 mm;

[0340] (2) Alumina powder, 6.5 parts by weight;

[0341] (3) Portland cement, 35 parts by weight;

[0342] (4) fiber, 1.5 parts by weight;

[0343] (5) machine-made sand, 9 parts by weight;

[0344] (6) Water, 8.5 parts by weight.

[0345] Self-healing additives include the following components:

[0346] (1) Polyurethane-coated epoxy resin self-healing microcapsules, 5 parts by weight, particle size 100 μm;

[0347] (2) 2 parts by weight of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent microcapsules.

[0348] This embodiment also discloses a method for preparing a sound barrier made of tailings material:

[0349] S1 Raw material mixing: Mix the components of the substrate according to the proportion to obtain a substrate mixture; set the stirring speed to 300 rpm and the stirring time to 10 minutes.

[0350] Preparation of S2 Self-Healing Additive: Uniformly mix the components of the self-healing additive according to the proportions to obtain a self-healing additive mixture. A planetary stirring process was used during mixing at a stirring rate of 250 rpm for 30 minutes. The humidity was maintained at 60% during mixing.

[0351] S3 mixing and stirring: Mix the base material mixture and the self-healing additive mixture according to the weight ratio, add deionized water and stir to form a uniform slurry; the stirring time of this step is 10 minutes, and the stirring speed is 300 rpm to ensure that the materials are fully mixed and the slurry is uniform.

[0352] S4 vacuum extrusion molding: inject the slurry into the vacuum extruder and extrude it into shape.

[0353] S5 Mixing: Put the evenly stirred slurry into a mixer for mixing.

[0354] S6 vacuum extrusion molding: inject the slurry into the vacuum extruder and extrude it into shape.

[0355] S7 cutting and curing: After the formed product is cut, steam curing is carried out at 100℃ and normal pressure. After curing, it is polished and regularized as needed.

[0356] The following test methods were used to test Examples 1-11 and Comparative Example 1. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0357] 1. Surface compressive strength test

[0358] According to GB / T 51335-2018 "Technical Standard for Sound Barrier Structures", the surface compressive strength of the sample is tested.

[0359] 2. Bending strength test

[0360] According to the Technical Standard for Sound Barrier Structures (GB / T 51335-2018), the bending fracture load of the test sample is tested.

[0361] 3. Noise reduction coefficient test

[0362] The test is carried out according to the standard GB / T 20247-2006 "Acoustic Reverberation Chamber Sound Absorption Measurement".

[0363] 4. Air-weighted sound insulation test

[0364] The test is carried out according to the testing standard GB / T 19889.3-2005 "Acoustic buildings and sound insulation measurement of building elements Part 3: Laboratory measurement of airborne sound insulation of building elements".

[0365] 5. Self-healing performance test

[0366] Artificial cracks with a width of 200 μm were created, with sample dimensions of 40 mm × 40 mm × 160 mm. After 28 days of standing at room temperature (25°C) and humidity (60%), the crack healing was observed using an optical microscope, the change in crack width was measured, and the healing rate was calculated.

[0367] Table 2

[0368]

[0369] Based on the above analysis, nano-modification of the substrate and the introduction of functional additives can effectively improve the mechanical and acoustic properties of the sound barrier; paraffin microcapsules and nanoparticle surface coating technology significantly improve the low-frequency sound absorption performance; the addition of CaCO3, nano-montmorillonite and nano-nickel-coated carbon particles in self-healing additives greatly improves the self-healing performance and comprehensive durability of the material.

[0370] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. All technical solutions based on the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, various improvements and modifications that do not depart from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sound barrier made of tailings material, characterized in that: It includes a base material, a functional additive and a self-healing additive; The substrate comprises the following components: (1) Tailings particles, 10 to 30 parts by weight, with a particle size of 0.1 to 2 mm; (2) Alumina powder, 5 to 8 parts by weight; (3) cement, 30 to 40 parts by weight; (4) fiber, 1 to 2 parts by weight; (5) machine-made sand, 8 to 10 parts by weight; (6) water, 8 to 9 parts by weight; The functional additives include the following components: (1) polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, 5 to 8 parts by weight; (2) 3 to 5 parts by weight of silica nanoaerogel; (3) 2 to 4 parts by weight of nano-molybdenum disulfide particles; The self-healing additive comprises the following components: (1) 5-7 parts by weight of polyurethane-coated epoxy resin self-healing microcapsules with a particle size of 100-300 μm; (2) 2 to 3 parts by weight of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent microcapsules.

2. The sound barrier made of tailings material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base material is added with 5 to 7 parts by weight of nano-hydroxyapatite.

3. The sound barrier made of tailings material according to claim 2, characterized in that: 8 to 12 parts by weight of paraffin microcapsules are also added to the functional additive.

4. The sound barrier made of tailings material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface of the paraffin microcapsule is coated with polyacrylate.

5. The sound barrier made of tailings material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-healing additive is further added with 2 to 4 parts by weight of CaCO3 microcrystals.

6. The sound barrier made of tailings material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The self-healing additive is further added with nano-montmorillonite particles in a weight ratio of 1:1 to CaCO3 crystallites.

7. The sound barrier made of tailings material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The self-healing additive contains 3 to 5 parts by weight of nano nickel-coated carbon particles.

8. A method for preparing a sound barrier made of tailings material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1 raw material mixing: mixing the components of the substrate according to the proportion to obtain a substrate mixture; S2 Functional additive preparation: uniformly mix the components of the functional additive according to the proportion to obtain a functional additive mixture; S3 self-healing additive preparation: uniformly mixing the components of the self-healing additive according to the proportion to obtain a self-healing additive mixture; S4 Mixing and stirring: Mix the base material mixture, the functional additive mixture and the self-healing additive mixture according to the weight ratio for 3 to 4 minutes, then add deionized water and stir for 6 to 7 minutes. The stirring speed is controlled at 240 rpm to form a uniform slurry; S5 mixing: putting the evenly stirred slurry into a mixer for mixing; S6 vacuum extrusion molding: inject the slurry into the vacuum extruder and extrude it into shape; S7 cutting and curing: After the formed product is cut, steam curing is carried out at 50-100℃ under normal pressure. After curing, it is polished and regularized as needed.

9. The method for preparing a sound barrier made of tailings material according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S2, the functional additives are mixed using a shear stirring process with a shear rate of 1000-1500 rpm for 10-20 minutes; and the mixing temperature is controlled at 25-35°C.

10. The method for preparing a sound barrier made of tailings material according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, the self-healing additive mixture is mixed using a planetary stirring process, with a stirring rate of 200 to 300 rpm and a stirring time of 20 to 40 minutes; and the humidity is maintained at 60% to 70% during mixing.

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