Hole bottom high-pressure-resistant hot water self-circulation ice layer drilling tool

Abstract

The invention discloses a hole bottom high-pressure-resistant hot water self-circulation ice layer drilling tool, and belongs to the technical field of polar region drilling, the drilling tool comprises a hot water heating circulation system, a dust collection system and a hot melt drill bit heating system which are coaxially connected in sequence, and a hot melt drilling process and a hot water jet drilling process are integrated in one drilling system. Free switching of two drilling processes can be achieved, the hot melt drilling process is used during normal drilling, the hot water drilling process is used when an ice layer with many dust particles is drilled, and when the hot water heating circulation system works, melt water in a drilling tool is pumped by a high-pressure pump and conveyed to a heater to be heated, and finally the melt water is sprayed out through a nozzle. The adaptability of the drilling system to the ice layer is enhanced, and the drilling efficiency of the ice layer is improved. According to the dust collecting system, the problem that dust is difficult to collect in polar region drilling is effectively solved. The method plays an important role in promoting the development of the ice layer drilling technology and the research of the glacier science.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention discloses a bottom-hole high-pressure-resistant hot-water self-circulation ice layer drilling tool, belonging to the technical field of polar drilling. Background Art

[0002] Subglacial lakes are an important part of the topographic environment at the bottom of the Antarctic ice sheet. Conducting drilling and sampling of subglacial lake water in Antarctica is of great significance for studying the mass balance and stability of the Antarctic ice sheet and revealing global climate and sea-level changes. How to achieve pollution-free and high-efficiency drilling through hundreds or even thousands of meters of ice layer to obtain subglacial lake water samples is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved at present. The thermal melting drilling tool has extremely high efficiency when drilling small-diameter holes, and it is light in weight and simple to operate. However, the Antarctic ice sheet often contains volcanic ash and some sand and gravel particles. When the thermal melting drilling tool drills into the ice layer containing volcanic ash or sand and gravel particles, the drilling efficiency will decrease, and even drilling cannot continue. Although hot-water drilling is not affected by impurity particles in the ice layer, with the increase of drilling depth, a large amount of heat loss will occur during the hot-water circulation process. In addition, in order to obtain a large amount of hot water required for drilling, the volume and required power of the ground hot-water preparation system are also relatively large. This poses a huge challenge to the transportation of Antarctic supplies. Through investigation, it is found that although the existing bottom-hole hot-water self-circulation drilling tool can solve such problems, due to its insufficient pressure resistance of the drilling tool, its drilling depth is affected and it cannot complete subglacial lake drilling. In addition, the existing drilling tool cannot collect volcanic ash and sand and gravel particles in the ice layer, resulting in solid substances always existing at the bottom of the hole, reducing the drilling speed of the drilling tool and even making drilling impossible. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a set of drilling tools that can withstand high pressure and can effectively collect volcanic ash particles in the ice layer. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the problems existing in the above background art, the object of the present invention is to provide a bottom-hole high-pressure-resistant hot-water self-circulation ice layer drilling tool, which integrates the thermal melting drilling process and the hot-water drilling process, can solve the problem of inability to drill when encountering volcanic ash and sand and gravel particles during ice layer drilling, and can effectively collect volcanic ash and sand and gravel particles in the ice layer, not only improving the drilling efficiency but also assisting in collecting volcanic ash in the ice layer for subsequent scientific research. In addition, the pressure resistance of such drilling tools is also improved, enabling them to drill deeper ice layers.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A high-pressure hot water self-circulating ice layer drill bit at the bottom of a hole, comprising: a hot water heating and circulating system, a dust collection system, and a hot melt drill bit heating system; the hot water heating and circulating system includes a hot water heating and circulating system housing, a high-pressure pump, and a heater. The high-pressure pump and the heater are detachably installed inside the hot water heating and circulating system housing. The inlet of the high-pressure pump can extract the melted water inside the drill bit. The outlet of the high-pressure pump is hermetically connected to the heater through a pipe fitting. The heater is configured with a pressure-resistant cabin for isolating the external water pressure. The outlet of the heater is connected with an extension pipe; the dust collection system includes a dust collection cabin and a drill bit connection housing. The dust collection cabin is installed inside the drill bit connection housing. The dust collection cabin includes a collection cabin top cover and a collection cabin main body. The collection cabin top cover is provided with a cable hole and a water outlet hole, and a screen with a micron-level aperture is arranged at the water outlet hole. And the collection cabin top cover is fixed above the collection cabin main body through countersunk head screws. The side wall of the collection cabin main body is provided with a water inlet hole for the melted water in the drill hole to enter, and a baffle mechanism is arranged at the water inlet hole. The baffle mechanism is composed of an opening hinge and a dust baffle. When the water flow impacts the dust baffle, the water flow pushes the dust baffle to rotate around the opening hinge and open, allowing the water flow to pass through. When there is no water flow, the dust baffle closes to block the overflow of dust; a threaded connection hole is provided on the drill bit connection housing. The drill bit connection housing is connected to the hot water heating and circulating system housing and the pressure cabin through countersunk head screws; the hot melt drill bit heating system includes a pressure cabin, a drill bit base body, a connecting core rod, and a nozzle. The drill bit base body is threadedly connected to the pressure cabin coaxially, and a heating rod and a temperature sensor are arranged inside the drill bit base body; a part of the connecting core rod is placed inside the pressure cabin, and the other part is placed inside the drill bit base body. A water flow channel is arranged inside the connecting core rod, and the connecting core rod is fixed on the pressure cabin through a self-locking nut. The water flow channel inlet of the connecting core rod is communicated with the extension pipe, and the water flow channel outlet of the connecting core rod is communicated with the nozzle; the nozzle is fixed on the drill bit base body through threads.

[0005] Further, the pipe fitting includes an elbow and a connecting pipe. The elbow is a 90° elbow. One end of the elbow is hermetically connected to the outlet of the high-pressure pump, the other end extends towards the heater direction, and is hermetically connected to the connecting pipe; the end of the connecting pipe away from the elbow is hermetically connected to the inlet of the heater.

[0006] Further, the heater adopts a tubular heater, including a tubular insulating matrix and a resistor body. A water flow channel is arranged inside the insulating matrix; the resistor body is buried inside the insulating matrix and has a heating part.

[0007] Furthermore, the high-pressure resistant cabin is composed of a high-pressure resistant cabin outer shell, a high-pressure resistant cabin inner shell, a high-pressure resistant cabin upper end cover, and a high-pressure resistant cabin lower end cover. The high-pressure resistant cabin upper end cover and the high-pressure resistant cabin lower end cover are respectively fixed to the upper and lower sides of the high-pressure resistant cabin outer shell by threads. The high-pressure resistant cabin inner shell is arranged inside the heater, and the upper and lower ends of the high-pressure resistant cabin inner shell are clamped between the high-pressure resistant cabin upper end cover and the high-pressure resistant cabin lower end cover through clamping grooves. A first sealing ring is provided between the high-pressure resistant cabin outer shell and the high-pressure resistant cabin upper end cover, and a second sealing ring is provided between the high-pressure resistant cabin inner shell and the high-pressure resistant cabin lower end cover. A first watertight joint is arranged on the high-pressure resistant cabin upper end cover, and the first watertight joint is electrically connected to the heater.

[0008] Furthermore, the heater and its supporting high-pressure resistant cabin form a high-pressure resistant heater assembly, and the high-pressure resistant heater assembly is fixed inside the hot water heating circulation system outer shell through a heater upper fixed end cover and a heater lower fixed end cover.

[0009] Furthermore, an upper heat conduction partition board and a lower heat conduction partition board are arranged inside the pressure cabin for separating the neutral wire and the live wire of the heating rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the drill bit base body and the pressure cabin are sealed through a third sealing ring, and the drill bit base body and the connecting core rod are sealed through a fourth sealing ring.

[0011] Furthermore, the hot melt drill bit heating system further includes a second watertight joint, and the second watertight joint is electrically connected to the heating rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the drill bit base body is made of a copper-based heat-conducting material, and its outer surface temperature is monitored in real time by a temperature sensor.

[0013] Furthermore, the collection cabin top cover is fixed above the collection cabin main body through countersunk head screws.

[0014] Through the above design scheme, the present invention can bring the following beneficial effects: The bottom-hole high-pressure resistant hot water self-circulating ice layer drill provided by the present invention solves the problems of weak pressure resistance and shallow drilling depth of the existing ice layer hot water self-circulating drilling system. At the same time, integrating the hot melt drilling process and the hot water jet drilling process in a set of drilling systems can realize the free switching of the two drilling processes, not only enhancing the adaptability of the drilling system to the ice layer, but also improving the drilling efficiency of the ice layer. The dust collection system in the present invention effectively solves the problem of difficult dust collection in polar drilling. The present invention plays an important role in promoting the development of ice layer drilling technology and glaciology research. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the bottom-hole high-pressure resistant hot water self-circulating ice layer drill;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall sectional structure of the bottom-hole high-pressure resistant hot water self-circulating ice layer drill;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a hot water heating circulation system;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a high-pressure resistant heater assembly;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a dust collection system;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a hot melt drill bit heating system.

[0021] In the figure: 1 - outer shell of the hot water heating circulation system; 2 - high-pressure pump; 3 - first sealing ring; 4 - second sealing ring; 5 - heater; 6 - upper fixed end cover of the high-pressure pump; 7 - lower fixed end cover of the high-pressure pump; 8 - elbow; 9 - connecting pipe; 10 - first watertight joint; 11 - upper end cover of the pressure-resistant cabin; 12 - upper fixed end cover of the heater; 13 - outer shell of the pressure-resistant cabin; 14 - inner shell of the pressure-resistant cabin; 15 - limit screw; 16 - lower end cover of the pressure-resistant cabin; 17 - lower fixed end cover of the heater; 18 - upper end cover of the collection cabin; 19 - main body of the collection cabin; 20 - drill tool connection outer shell; 21 - opening and closing hinge; 22 - dust baffle; 23 - extension pipe; 24 - second watertight joint; 25 - self-locking nut; 26 - pressure cabin; 27 - third sealing ring; 28 - drill bit matrix; 29 - fourth sealing ring; 30 - temperature sensor; 31 - connecting core rod; 32 - upper heat conduction partition board; 33 - lower heat conduction partition board; 34 - heating rod; 35 - nozzle. Specific Embodiments

[0022] In order to make the objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the content specifically described below is illustrative rather than restrictive, and should not be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein should have the ordinary meaning understood by those of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention pertains. In order to avoid obscuring the essence of the present invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, elements, and circuits have not been described in detail.

[0023] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the hole-bottom high-pressure resistant hot water self-circulation ice drill proposed by the present invention includes three subsystems: a hot water heating circulation system, a dust collection system, and a hot melt drill bit heating system. The hot water heating circulation system, the dust collection system, and the hot melt drill bit heating system are coaxially and sequentially connected.

[0024] The described hot water heating circulation system includes a hot water heating circulation system housing 1, a high-pressure pump 2, and a heater 5. The inlet of the high-pressure pump 2 directly extracts the melted water inside the drill tool. This melted water flows out from the water outlet hole of the collection chamber top cover 18 and enters the drill tool. The outlet of the high-pressure pump 2 is hermetically connected to the heater 5 through pipe fittings. The present invention uses the high-pressure pump 2 to extract the melted water inside the drill tool, heats it through the water heater 5, and sprays it out from the nozzle 35 to melt ice, forming a local water circulation at the bottom of the drill hole to achieve the function of hot water drilling. The pipe fittings include an elbow 8 and a connecting pipe 9. The elbow 8 is a 90° elbow. One end of the elbow 8 is hermetically connected to the outlet of the high-pressure pump 2, and the other end of the elbow 8 extends towards the direction of the heater 5 and is hermetically connected to the connecting pipe 9. The end of the connecting pipe 9 away from the elbow 8 is hermetically connected to the inlet of the heater 5. At both ends of the high-pressure pump 2 inside the drill tool, it is fixed in the hot water heating circulation system housing 1 through the upper fixed end cover 6 and the lower fixed end cover 7 of the high-pressure pump respectively. It should be noted that in the present invention, the heater 5 uses a tubular heater, which includes a tubular insulating matrix and a resistor body. There is a water flow channel inside the insulating matrix; the resistor body is buried inside the insulating matrix and has a heating part. The heater 5 and the pressure-resistant cabin for protecting the heater 5 form a high-pressure-resistant heater assembly. The pressure-resistant cabin is used to protect the heater 5 from the influence of the external high-pressure environment (such as underwater high pressure), and at the same time ensure the normal operation of the water flow channel inside the heater 5. The pressure-resistant cabin consists of a pressure-resistant cabin upper end cover 11, a pressure-resistant cabin outer shell 13, a pressure-resistant cabin inner shell 14, and a pressure-resistant cabin lower end cover 16. The pressure-resistant cabin upper end cover 11 and the pressure-resistant cabin lower end cover 16 are respectively fixed on the upper and lower sides of the pressure-resistant cabin outer shell 13 through threads. The pressure-resistant cabin inner shell 14 is arranged inside the heater 5, and the upper and lower ends of the pressure-resistant cabin inner shell 14 are clamped between the pressure-resistant cabin upper end cover 11 and the pressure-resistant cabin lower end cover 16 through clamping grooves. Specifically, since there is a water flow channel inside the heater 5 subject to water pressure and there is hydrostatic pressure outside, it is necessary to design the pressure-resistant cabin outer shell 13 and the pressure-resistant cabin inner shell 14 to isolate the water pressure around the heater 5 outside the pressure-resistant cabin to achieve the pressure-resistant function. A sealing function is achieved between the pressure-resistant cabin outer shell 13 and the pressure-resistant cabin upper end cover 11 through a first sealing ring 3, and a sealing function is achieved between the pressure-resistant cabin inner shell 14 and the pressure-resistant cabin lower end cover 16 through a second sealing ring. The high-pressure-resistant heater assembly formed by the heater 5 and its supporting pressure-resistant cabin is integrally fixed inside the hot water heating circulation system housing 1 through the heater upper fixed end cover 12 and the heater lower fixed end cover 17. The upper fixed end cover 6 of the high-pressure pump, the lower fixed end cover 7 of the high-pressure pump, the heater upper fixed end cover 12, and the heater lower fixed end cover 17 are uniformly fixed inside the drill tool by four limit screws 15 inside the drill tool. The pressure-resistant cabin upper end cover 11 is provided with a first watertight joint 10, and the first watertight joint 10 is electrically connected to the heater 5 to facilitate power supply to the heater 5. Inside the hot water heating circulation system housing 1, there are limit grooves for positioning the heater upper fixed end cover 12 and the heater lower fixed end cover 17, and both the heater upper fixed end cover 12 and the heater lower fixed end cover 17 are connected to the hot water heating circulation system housing 1 through countersunk head screws.When the hot water heating circulation system is working, the high-pressure pump 2 extracts the melted water in the drill tool and transports it to the heater 5 for heating. The outlet of the heater 5 is connected to the extension pipe 23, and then it is transported through the extension pipe 23 to the water channel connecting the core rod 31 and ejected through the nozzle 35.

[0025] The present invention can effectively collect volcanic ash and sand particles in the ice layer during the drilling process by setting up a dust collection chamber; the dust collection system consists of a collection chamber top cover 18, a collection chamber main body 19, a drill tool connection housing 20, a hinge 21 and a dust baffle 22. The collection chamber top cover 18 and the collection chamber main body 19 form a dust collection chamber, which is arranged inside the drill tool connection housing 20. The side wall of the collection chamber main body 19 is provided with a water inlet hole for the melted water in the drill hole to flow in. This water inlet hole can make the water pressure inside and outside the drill tool consistent, facilitating the high-pressure pump 2 to extract the melted water in the hot water heating circulation system housing 1. The melted water in the hot water heating circulation system housing 1 flows out from the water outlet hole of the collection chamber top cover 18 and enters the drill tool, and then is heated by the heater 5. Above the water inlet hole on the side wall of the collection chamber main body 19, there is a baffle mechanism composed of a hinge 21 and a dust baffle 22, which is used to block large particle dust from entering the inside of the drill tool and prevent the collected dust particles from running out of the dust collection chamber. When the water flow impacts the dust baffle, the water flow pushes the dust baffle to rotate around the hinge and open, allowing the water flow to pass through. When there is no water flow, the dust baffle closes to block the dust from overflowing. Specifically, the hinge 21 itself can realize the opening and closing function. The hinge 21 is used to connect the collection chamber main body 19 and the dust baffle 22. When water flows into the water inlet hole, it pushes the dust baffle 22, allowing the dust to enter the dust collection chamber. When no water flows into the water inlet hole, the dust baffle 22 closes, covering the water inlet hole and preventing the dust from running out of the water inlet hole. The collection chamber top cover 18 is provided with a cable hole and a water outlet hole, and is fixed above the collection chamber main body 19 by countersunk screws. A sieve with a micron-sized aperture is installed on the surface of the water outlet hole of the collection chamber top cover 18 to filter the dust inside the dust collection chamber and prevent it from entering the hot water heating circulation system. For example, a sieve with a micron-sized aperture selects a fine sieve with an aperture of 9 microns. There are threaded connection holes on the drill tool connection housing 20, and the hot water heating circulation system and the hot melt drill bit heating system are connected by countersunk screws.

[0026] The hot melt drill bit heating system is composed of a second watertight joint 24, a self-locking nut 25, a pressure chamber 26, a third sealing ring 27, a drill bit base 28, a fourth sealing ring 29, a temperature sensor 30, a connecting core rod 31, an upper heat-conducting baffle 32, a lower heat-conducting baffle 33 and a heating rod 34. The second watertight joint 24 is electrically connected to the heating rod 34 to provide an interface for powering the heating rod 34. The temperature sensor 30 can monitor the internal temperature of the drill bit base 28 during operation. The drill bit base 28 is made of copper heat-conducting material and can conduct the heat generated by the heating rod 34 to the ice layer. The drill bit base 28 and the pressure chamber 26 are connected by a connecting core rod 31. A part of the connecting core rod 31 is placed in the pressure chamber 26, and the other part is placed in the drill bit base 28. The third sealing ring 27 and the fourth sealing ring 29 are used for sealing. Since there is a gap between the drill bit base 28 and the pressure chamber 26 during installation, the drill bit base 28 and the pressure chamber 26 are sealed by the third sealing ring 27, and the drill bit base 28 and the connecting core rod 31 are sealed by the fourth sealing ring 29. A water channel is provided in the connecting core rod 31, and the connecting core rod 31 is fixed to the pressure chamber 26 by a self-locking nut 25. An upper heat-conducting baffle 32 and a lower heat-conducting baffle 33 are provided inside the pressure chamber 26 to separate the neutral wire and the live wire of the single-head heating rod 34 to prevent the two from being entangled and short-circuited under high voltage. The nozzle 35 is screwed on the drill bit base 28 by threads.

[0027] Working principle of the present invention:

[0028] The present invention can realize two drilling processes, namely, hot melt drilling process and hot water drilling process. During normal drilling, the hot melt drilling process is used, and the heating rod 34 is energized through the second watertight joint 24. The Joule heat generated by the heating rod 34 is conducted to the outer surface of the drill bit base 28, thereby melting the ice layer in contact with it. At the same time, the temperature sensor 30 detects the real-time temperature of the drill bit base 28, thereby realizing downward drilling.

[0029] When drilling to an ice layer with more dust particles, a hot water drilling process is used, and the melt water entering the drilling tool in the borehole is pumped into the water heater 5 through the elbow 8 and the connecting pipe 9 by the high-pressure pump 2 for heating. The heated melt water is ejected from the nozzle 35 through the extension pipe 23 and the central channel of the connecting core rod 31, thereby realizing hot water jet drilling.

Claims

1. A high-pressure hot water self-circulating ice layer drill tool for the bottom of a hole, characterized in that, It includes a coaxially arranged hot water heating circulation system, a dust collection system and a hot melt drill bit heating system; the hot water heating circulation system includes a hot water heating circulation system housing (1), a high-pressure pump (2) and a heater (5). The high-pressure pump (2) and the heater (5) are detachably installed inside the hot water heating circulation system housing (1). The inlet of the high-pressure pump (2) extracts the molten water in the drill tool, and the outlet of the high-pressure pump (2) is hermetically connected to the heater (5) through pipe fittings. The heater (5) is configured with a pressure-resistant cabin for isolating the external water pressure, and an extension pipe (23) is connected to the outlet of the heater (5); the dust collection system includes a dust collection cabin and a drill tool connection housing (20). The dust collection cabin is installed inside the drill tool connection housing (20). The dust collection cabin includes a collection cabin top cover (18) and a collection cabin main body (19). The collection cabin top cover (18) is provided with a cable hole and a water outlet hole, and a screen with a micron-level aperture is arranged at the water outlet hole. The water outlet hole is used for the molten water in the dust collection cabin to enter the drill tool. And the collection cabin top cover (18) is detachably fixed above the collection cabin main body (19). The side wall of the collection cabin main body (19) is provided with a water inlet hole for the molten water in the drill hole to enter, and a baffle mechanism is arranged at the water inlet hole. The baffle mechanism is composed of an opening hinge (21) and a dust baffle (22). The dust baffle (22) is rotatably connected to the collection cabin main body (19) through the opening hinge (21). Threaded connection holes are provided on the drill tool connection housing (20). The drill tool connection housing (20) is connected to the hot water heating circulation system housing (1) and the pressure cabin (26) through countersunk head screws; the hot melt drill bit heating system includes a pressure cabin (26), a drill bit base body (28), a connecting core rod (31) and a nozzle (35). The drill bit base body (28) is coaxially threadedly connected to the pressure cabin (26), and a heating rod (34) and a temperature sensor (30) are arranged inside the drill bit base body (28); a part of the connecting core rod (31) is placed inside the pressure cabin (26), and the other part is placed inside the drill bit base body (28). A water flow channel is arranged inside the connecting core rod (31). And the connecting core rod (31) is fixed to the pressure cabin (26) through a self-locking nut (25). The water flow channel inlet of the connecting core rod (31) is connected to the extension pipe (23), and the water channel outlet of the connecting core rod (31) is communicated with the nozzle (35); the nozzle (35) is fixed to the drill bit base body (28) through threads.

2. The high-pressure hot water self-circulating ice layer drill tool with bottom hole resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipe fittings include an elbow (8) and a connecting pipe (9). The elbow (8) is a 90° elbow. One end of it is hermetically connected to the outlet of the high-pressure pump (2), and the other end extends towards the heater (5) and is hermetically connected to the connecting pipe (9); the end of the connecting pipe (9) away from the elbow (8) is hermetically connected to the inlet of the heater (5).

3. The high-pressure hot water self-circulating ice layer drill tool resistant to high pressure at the bottom of the hole according to claim 1, wherein: The heater (5) is a tubular heater, including a tubular insulating matrix and a resistor body. A water flow channel is provided inside the insulating matrix; the resistor body is buried inside the insulating matrix and has a heating part.

4. The high-pressure hot water self-circulating ice layer drill for polar hole bottom according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure-resistant cabin is composed of a pressure-resistant cabin upper end cover (11), a pressure-resistant cabin outer shell (13), a pressure-resistant cabin inner shell (14), and a pressure-resistant cabin lower end cover (16). The pressure-resistant cabin upper end cover (11) and the pressure-resistant cabin lower end cover (16) are respectively fixed to the upper and lower sides of the pressure-resistant cabin outer shell (13) by threads. The pressure-resistant cabin inner shell (14) is arranged inside the heater (5), and its upper and lower ends are clamped between the pressure-resistant cabin upper end cover (11) and the pressure-resistant cabin lower end cover (16) through clamping grooves. A first sealing ring (3) is provided between the pressure-resistant cabin outer shell (13) and the pressure-resistant cabin upper end cover (11), and a second sealing ring (4) is provided between the pressure-resistant cabin inner shell (14) and the pressure-resistant cabin lower end cover (16). A first watertight joint (10) is provided on the pressure-resistant cabin upper end cover (11), and the first watertight joint (10) is electrically connected to the heater (5).

5. The high-pressure hot water self-circulating ice layer drill for polar hole bottom according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heater (5) and its supporting pressure-resistant cabin form a high-pressure-resistant heater assembly, and the high-pressure-resistant heater assembly is fixed inside the hot water heating circulation system housing (1) through a heater upper fixed end cover (12) and a heater lower fixed end cover (17).

6. The high-pressure hot water self-circulation ice layer drill for polar hole bottom according to claim 1, wherein: An upper heat-conducting partition plate (32) and a lower heat-conducting partition plate (33) are provided inside the pressure cabin (26) for separating the neutral wire and the live wire of the heating rod (34).

7. The high-pressure hot water self-circulation ice layer drill for the polar hole bottom according to claim 1, characterized in that: A third sealing ring (27) is used for sealing between the drill bit matrix (28) and the pressure cabin (26), and a fourth sealing ring (29) is used for sealing between the drill bit matrix (28) and the connecting core rod (31).

8. The high-pressure hot water self-circulation ice layer drill for polar bottomhole according to claim 1, wherein: The hot-melt drill bit heating system further includes a second watertight joint (24), and the second watertight joint is electrically connected to the heating rod (34).

9. The high-pressure hot water self-circulation ice layer drill for polar hole bottom according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill bit matrix (28) is made of a copper heat-conducting material, and its outer surface temperature is monitored in real time by a temperature sensor (30).

10. The high-pressure hot water self-circulation ice layer drill at the bottom of the polar hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection cabin top cover (18) is fixed above the collection cabin main body (19) by countersunk head screws.

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