Rapidly-assembled collapse-preventing supporting structure for railway tunnel

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of tunnel supporting, and provides a quick assembly type anti-collapse supporting structure for a railway tunnel, which comprises a main body, a supporting seat, a first quick assembly mechanism and a second quick assembly mechanism, the main body comprises a supporting plate, and a supporting ring is movably mounted at the top of the supporting plate; the first quick-mounting mechanism comprises a fixing frame, the fixing frame is rotationally mounted on the inner side of the supporting plate, a mortise and tenon fastener is fixedly connected to the side, close to the supporting plate, of the fixing frame, an ejector rod is movably mounted in the supporting plate, a fixing piece is fixedly connected to the inner side of the supporting seat, and a mortise and tenon clamping piece is arranged in the fixing piece. Connecting rods are fixedly connected to the two sides of the top of the supporting base. According to the invention, through the design of quick-mounting mechanisms such as occlusion of the tenon-and-mortise fasteners and the tenon-and-mortise clamping pieces, embedding of the limiting rod grooves and matching of the assembly rod holes, quick mounting and fixing of the supporting structure are realized, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved; the assembly type structure is convenient to transport and produce and adapts to different scenes, and the steel material ensures that tunnel supporting is safe and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of tunnel support, and specifically relates to a quickly assembled anti-collapse support structure for railway tunnels. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of the railway transportation network, the construction quality and safety of railway tunnels are directly related to the stability and efficiency of railway transportation. Tunnel support, as the core link to ensure the safety of tunnel construction and operation, its structural design and construction technology have always been the focus of industry research. Traditional anti-collapse support structures for railway tunnels often use on-site concrete pouring or welded steel structures for construction. These technologies have accumulated rich experience in past engineering practices, provided strong support for the smooth construction of a large number of railway tunnel projects, and effectively ensured the construction safety and long-term stable operation of the tunnels.

[0003] The existing support structures lack quick-installation structures. During installation, the complex connection processes require a relatively high technical level of construction workers, increasing the construction cost and management difficulty.

[0004] Therefore, technical personnel in this field have proposed a quickly assembled anti-collapse support structure for railway tunnels to solve the problems raised in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a quickly assembled anti-collapse support structure for railway tunnels to solve the problems that the connection processes in the prior art require a relatively high technical level of construction workers, increasing the construction cost and management difficulty, etc.

[0006] A quick-assembly anti-collapse support structure for railway tunnels, comprising a main body, a support seat, a first quick-assembly mechanism and a second quick-assembly mechanism; the main body includes support plates, there are two support plates, and the two support plates are respectively arranged on both sides of the top of the support seat, and a support ring is movably installed on the top of the support plates; the first quick-assembly mechanism includes a fixing frame, the fixing frame is rotatably installed on the inner side of the support plate, a mortise and tenon fastener is fixedly connected to the side of the fixing frame close to the support plate, a top rod is movably installed inside the support plate, a fixing piece is fixedly connected to the inner side of the support seat, and a mortise and tenon card is arranged inside the fixing piece, there are at least five mortise and tenon cards, and the mortise and tenon fastener can be mortise-engaged with the mortise and tenon card, connecting rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the support seat, and the connecting rods are fitted with the support plates; the second quick-assembly mechanism includes limit rods, the limit rods are arranged on both sides of the bottom of the support ring, a limit block is fixedly connected to one end of the limit rod, a limit groove is arranged at the top end of the inner part of the support plate, the limit rod is fitted with the limit groove, a card slot is arranged inside the support plate at one end of the limit groove, and the limit block is fitted with the card slot, several assembly rods are arranged at one end of the support ring, the support plate and the support seat, and several assembly holes are arranged at the other end of the inner parts of the support ring, the support plate and the support seat, and the sizes of the assembly holes are adapted to the assembly rods.

[0007] Preferably, a limit hole is arranged inside the limit block, the size of the limit hole is adapted to the assembly rod, a positioning hole is arranged inside the support plate at the bottom of the limit groove, and the size of the positioning hole is adapted to the assembly rod.

[0008] Preferably, shaft rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the fixing frame, movable holes are arranged inside the support plate at both ends of the top rod, and the shaft rods are fitted with the movable holes.

[0009] Preferably, a support piece is fixedly connected to the inner side of the support seat at the bottom of the fixing piece, and a support rod is installed between the support piece and the support seat.

[0010] Preferably, movable grooves are arranged inside the support plate on both sides of the top rod, sliding blocks are fixedly connected to the surfaces on both sides of the top rod, and the sliding blocks are fitted with the movable grooves.

[0011] Preferably, a push plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing frame, and the bottom of the push plate and the fixing frame are both arranged at an oblique 45°.

[0012] Preferably, reinforcing frames are fixedly connected to the outer side walls of the support ring, the support plate and the support seat, and reinforcing rods are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the reinforcing frames.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. Through the mortise and tenon automatic bite design of the first quick installation mechanism of the present invention, pressing down the support plate can trigger the ejector rod to push the fixed frame to rotate, so that the mortise fastener and the mortise card are accurately engaged, completing the fixation of the support plate and the support seat; the second quick installation mechanism uses the engagement of the limiting rod, the limiting block and the corresponding slot, and cooperates with the insertion of the assembly rod into the assembly hole to realize the horizontal connection of multiple devices, without complex tools and cumbersome operations, greatly improving the installation efficiency and significantly shortening the assembly time of a single set of devices.

[0015] 2. Through the prefabricated structure design of the present invention, each component can be independently produced and transported, effectively reducing the transportation difficulty and cost. During construction, according to the actual size and geological conditions of the tunnel, by increasing or decreasing the connection of the assembly rod and the assembly hole, the scale of the support structure can be flexibly adjusted, which is applicable to railway tunnels of different lengths and working conditions, greatly improving the versatility and engineering application value of the device.

[0016] 3. The support ring, the support plate and the support seat of the present invention are made of steel, and with the multiple fixations of the mortise and tenon structure, the limiting components and the assembly rod, a high-strength integral structure is formed. The engagement of multiple groups of mortise cards and mortise fasteners, as well as the design of the assembly rod passing through the limiting hole and the positioning hole, can evenly disperse the pressure of the tunnel surrounding rock, effectively resist the risk of collapse, and ensure the safety of tunnel construction and operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural disassembly of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the structural limiting groove and the limiting block of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 is an overall three-dimensional view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 is a rear view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the structural movable groove and the movable hole of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the ejector rod and the card of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the ejector rod and the assembly rod of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure:

[0025] 1. Reinforcement frame; 101. Reinforcement rod; 2. Support ring; 201. Limit block; 202. Limit hole; 203. Limit rod; 3. Support plate; 301. Limit groove; 302. Card slot; 303. Positioning hole; 304. Activity groove; 305. Activity hole; 4. Connecting rod; 5. Support seat; 6. Support member; 601. Support rod; 7. Fixing member; 701. Mortise and tenon fastener; 8. Assembly hole; 9. Fixing frame; 901. Mortise and tenon fastener; 902. Push plate; 903. Shaft rod; 10. Assembly rod; 11. Jacking rod; 1101. Slide block. Specific implementation mode

[0026] The following further describes in detail the implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0027] As shown in the attached Figure 1 to the attached Figure 7 figure:

[0028] Embodiment 1: The present invention provides a quick-assembly anti-collapse support structure for railway tunnels, including a main body, a support seat 5, a first quick-assembly mechanism, and a second quick-assembly mechanism; the main body includes a support plate 3, and there are two support plates 3, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the top of the support seat 5, and a support ring 2 is movably installed on the top of the support plate 3; the first quick-assembly mechanism includes a fixing frame 9, the fixing frame 9 is rotatably installed on the inner side of the support plate 3, a mortise and tenon fastener 901 is fixedly connected to the side of the fixing frame 9 close to the support plate 3, a jacking rod 11 is movably installed inside the support plate 3, a fixing member 7 is fixedly connected to the inside of the support seat 5, and a mortise and tenon fastener 701 is arranged inside the fixing member 7. There are at least five mortise and tenon fasteners 701, and the mortise and tenon fastener 901 can be mortise and tenon engaged with the mortise and tenon fastener 701. Connecting rods 4 are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the support seat 5, and the connecting rods 4 are fitted with the support plate 3; the second quick-assembly mechanism includes limit rods 203, which are arranged on both sides of the bottom of the support ring 2, and a limit block 201 is fixedly connected to one end of the limit rod 203. A limit groove 301 is arranged at the top end inside the support plate 3, and the limit rod 203 is fitted with the limit groove 301. A card slot 302 is arranged inside the support plate 3 at one end of the limit groove 301, and the limit block 201 is fitted with the card slot 302. There are several assembly rods 10 at one end of the support ring 2, the support plate 3, and the support seat 5, and several assembly holes 8 are arranged at the other end inside the support ring 2, the support plate 3, and the support seat 5. The size of the assembly hole 8 is adapted to that of the assembly rod 10. A limit hole 202 is arranged inside the limit block 201, and the size of the limit hole 202 is adapted to that of the assembly rod 10. A positioning hole 303 is arranged inside the support plate 3 at the bottom of the limit groove 301, and the size of the positioning hole 303 is adapted to that of the assembly rod 10.

[0029] As can be seen from the above, first, the staff transports the device into the railway tunnel. During installation, the staff first firmly places the support base 5 at the bottom of the railway tunnel as the basic support for the entire support structure. Subsequently, the support plate 3 is assembled. It is aligned and lowered onto the top of the support base 5 and pressed down. During this process, the connecting rods 4 on both sides of the top of the support base 5 are precisely inserted into the interior of the support plate 3. As the connecting rod 4 extends, its top end pushes the ejector rod 11 inside the support plate 3 upward. After the ejector rod 11 is stressed, it causes the fixing frame 9 to rotate around the rotation installation point on the inner side of the support plate 3. During the rotation of the fixing frame 9, the mortise and tenon fastener 901 on it is precisely engaged with the mortise and tenon card 701 on the fixed part 7 on the inner side of the support base 5. Through the mutual embedding of the mortise and tenon structure, the firm connection between the support plate 3 and the support base 5 is realized, and the installation and fixing steps of the support plate 3 are completed quickly and stably.

[0030] When installing the support ring 2, the staff smoothly pushes the support ring 2 along the front end direction onto the top of the support plate 3. At this time, the limiting rods 203 on both sides of the bottom of the support ring 2 are inserted into the limiting grooves 301 at the top end inside the support plate 3. At the same time, the limiting blocks 201 at one end of the limiting rods 203 are also inserted into the card slots 302 inside the support plate 3 at one end of the limiting grooves 301, initially realizing the positioning of the support ring 2 and the support plate 3. When it is necessary to perform horizontal expansion and assembly of multiple support structures, the assembly rods 10 of adjacent devices are sequentially inserted into the assembly holes 8 of the corresponding devices. During the insertion of the assembly rod 10 into the assembly hole 8, it will sequentially penetrate the limiting holes 202 inside the limiting block 201 and finally be inserted into the positioning holes 303 inside the support plate 3 at the bottom of the limiting groove 301. Through the cooperation of the assembly rod 10 and multiple hole positions, not only the horizontal connection of multiple devices is completed, but also the position of the support ring 2 is further limited, making the support ring 2 and the support plate 3 firmly connected. The entire assembly process only requires the above simple operations, without complex tools or redundant processes, greatly facilitating the staff to carry out the support work of the railway tunnel and significantly improving the construction efficiency. At the same time, the assembled structure design makes each component easy to disassemble and transport, simplifies the production process, and can better meet the diverse support needs of different railway tunnel projects. Finally, the staff only needs to fix the devices at both ends of the tunnel.

[0031] Embodiment 2: This embodiment is basically the same as the previous embodiment, except that both sides of the fixing frame 9 are fixedly connected with shaft rods 903, and movable holes 305 are provided inside the support plate 3 at both ends of the ejector rod 11, and the shaft rods 903 are fitted with the movable holes 305.

[0032] The newly added shaft rods 903 on both sides of the fixing frame 9 and the movable holes 305 inside the supporting plate 3 form a precision rotating pair. When the supporting plate 3 is pressed down, the connecting rod 4 pushes the top rod 11 to move upward, and the top rod 11 drives the fixing frame 9 to rotate through the contact structure with the bottom of the fixing frame 9. At this time, the shaft rod 903 makes a circular motion in the movable hole 305, and its diameter and the inner diameter of the movable hole 305 are matched with clearance, which can not only ensure the smooth rotation of the fixing frame 9, but also prevent it from radial deviation through the shaft hole constraint, so that the mortise and tenon fastener 901 is accurately embedded in the mortise and tenon clamp 701.

[0033] Specifically, the inner side of the support seat 5 at the bottom of the fixing member 7 is fixedly connected with the support member 6 , and a support rod 601 is installed between the support member 6 and the support seat 5 .

[0034] The auxiliary support system composed of the support member 6 and the support rod 601 further strengthens the bearing capacity of the support seat 5. The support member 6 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the support seat 5 by welding or high-strength bolts, and the two ends of the support rod 601 are respectively connected to the support member 6 and the support seat 5 by hinge joints to form a stable triangular support structure. According to mechanical calculations, the support system can increase the compressive strength of the support seat 5 by 20% to 30%, effectively dispersing the surrounding rock pressure at the bottom of the tunnel, and is particularly suitable for construction areas with complex geological conditions and concentrated stress, ensuring that the entire support structure remains stable during long-term use.

[0035] Embodiment 3: This embodiment is basically the same as the previous embodiment, except that movable grooves 304 are provided inside the supporting plates 3 on both sides of the push rod 11, and sliding blocks 1101 are fixedly connected to the surfaces on both sides of the push rod 11, and the sliding blocks 1101 are engaged with the movable grooves 304.

[0036] By adding the matching structure of the movable groove 304 and the slider 1101, the movement accuracy of the push rod 11 is significantly optimized. The movable groove 304 extends along the vertical direction inside the support plate 3, and the slider 1101 and the movable groove 304 are matched with a T-slot. This design effectively limits the swing amplitude of the push rod 11 during the movement, so that it can only move linearly in the vertical direction. When the connecting rod 4 pushes the push rod 11 to move upward, the slider 1101 slides synchronously in the movable groove 304, ensuring that the force direction of the push rod 11 on the fixing frame 9 is accurate, thereby improving the bite accuracy of the mortise and tenon fastener 901 and the mortise and tenon clamp 701.

[0037] Specifically, the bottom of the fixing frame 9 is fixedly connected with the push plate 902 , and the bottom of the push plate 902 and the fixing frame 9 are both arranged at an angle of 45°.

[0038] The 45° inclined plane design of the push plate 902 provides mechanical limit and guiding functions for the rotation of the fixing frame 9. When the ejector rod 11 moves upward, the top end thereof contacts the inclined plane of the push plate 902. With the continuous movement of the ejector rod 11, the push plate 902 drives the fixing frame 9 to rotate around the shaft rod 903 under the action of the oblique component force. When the fixing frame 9 rotates to 45°, the side of the push plate 902 abuts against the limit boss inside the support plate 3, forcing the fixing frame 9 to stop rotating, ensuring that the mortise and tenon fastener 901 is inserted into the mortise and tenon fastener 701 at the best angle, and avoiding connection failure caused by excessive rotation.

[0039] Specifically, a reinforcing frame 1 is fixedly connected to the outer side walls of the support ring 2, the support plate 3 and the support seat 5, and a reinforcing rod 101 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the reinforcing frame 1.

[0040] The external protection system composed of the reinforcing frame 1 and the reinforcing rod 101 adopts high-strength alloy steel to form a grid-shaped reinforcing structure through a welding process. The reinforcing frame 1 fits the outer surfaces of the support ring 2, the support plate 3 and the support seat 5, and the reinforcing rod 101 connects the nodes of the reinforcing frame 1 in a cross manner to form a plurality of triangular stable units. Verified by finite element analysis, this reinforcing structure can improve the overall anti-deformation ability of the support structure, effectively resist external loads such as blasting vibration and rock stratum extrusion during tunnel excavation, and significantly enhance the durability and safety of the support structure.

[0041] Working principle: During installation, first fix the support seat 5 at the bottom of the tunnel, trigger the ejector rod 11 through the connecting rod 4 to push the fixing frame 9 to rotate, so that the mortise and tenon fastener 901 and the mortise and tenon fastener 701 are accurately engaged, and quickly complete the vertical assembly of the support plate 3 and the support seat 5; the installation of the support ring 2 realizes preliminary positioning by the insertion and cooperation of the limit rod 203, the limit block 201 and the corresponding limit groove 301 and the card slot 302. During lateral expansion, the assembly rods 10 of adjacent devices are sequentially inserted into the assembly holes 8, the limit holes 202 and the positioning holes 303, and a stable lateral connection system is formed through the precise dimension adaptation among multiple components. The whole set of structures replaces complex installation procedures with mechanical fitting between components, and can achieve rapid assembly and stable support without additional tool assistance, effectively improving the construction efficiency and structural reliability.

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purpose of illustration and description. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid assembly anti-collapse support structure for railway tunnels, characterized in that: It includes a main body, a support seat (5), a first quick installation mechanism and a second quick installation mechanism; The main body includes support plates (3), and there are two support plates (3). The two support plates (3) are respectively arranged on both sides of the top of the support seat (5). A support ring (2) is movably installed on the top of the support plates (3); The first quick installation mechanism includes a fixing frame (9). The fixing frame (9) is rotatably installed inside the support plate (3). A mortise and tenon fastener (901) is fixedly connected to the side of the fixing frame (9) close to the support plate (3). A push rod (11) is movably installed inside the support plate (3). A fixing member (7) is fixedly connected to the inside of the support seat (5). A mortise and tenon card member (701) is arranged inside the fixing member (7). There are at least five mortise and tenon card members (701). The mortise and tenon fastener (901) can be mortised and tenoned with the mortise and tenon card member (701). Connecting rods (4) are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the support seat (5), and the connecting rods (4) are fitted with the support plates (3); The second quick installation mechanism includes limit rods (203). The limit rods (203) are arranged on both sides of the bottom of the support ring (2). One end of the limit rod (203) is fixedly connected with a limit block (201). A limit groove (301) is arranged at the top end inside the support plate (3). The limit rod (203) is fitted with the limit groove (301). A card slot (302) is arranged inside the support plate (3) at one end of the limit groove (301), and the limit block (201) is fitted with the card slot (302). A number of assembly rods (10) are arranged at one end of the support ring (2), the support plate (3) and the support seat (5). A number of assembly holes (8) are arranged at the other end inside the support ring (2), the support plate (3) and the support seat (5). The size of the assembly hole (8) is adapted to that of the assembly rod (10).

2. The rapid assembly type anti-collapse support structure for railway tunnels according to claim 1, wherein: A limit hole (202) is arranged inside the limit block (201). The size of the limit hole (202) is adapted to that of the assembly rod (10). A positioning hole (303) is arranged inside the support plate (3) at the bottom of the limit groove (301), and the size of the positioning hole (303) is adapted to that of the assembly rod (10).

3. The quick-assembly anti-collapse support structure for railway tunnels according to claim 1, wherein: Shaft rods (903) are fixedly connected to both sides of the fixing frame (9). Movement holes (305) are arranged inside the support plate (3) at both ends of the push rod (11). The shaft rods (903) are fitted with the movement holes (305).

4. The quick-assembly anti-collapse support structure for railway tunnels according to claim 1, wherein: A support member (6) is fixedly connected to the inside of the support seat (5) at the bottom of the fixing member (7). A support rod (601) is installed between the support member (6) and the support seat (5).

5. The rapid assembly type anti-collapse support structure for railway tunnels as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Movement grooves (304) are arranged inside the support plate (3) on both sides of the push rod (11). Sliders (1101) are fixedly connected to the surfaces on both sides of the push rod (11), and the sliders (1101) are fitted with the movement grooves (304).

6. The quick-assembly anti-collapse support structure for railway tunnels according to claim 1, wherein: A push plate (902) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing frame (9), and the bottom of the push plate (902) and the fixing frame (9) are both arranged at an oblique 45°.

7. The rapid assembly type anti-collapse support structure for railway tunnels according to claim 1, wherein: Reinforcing frames (1) are fixedly connected to the outer side walls of the support ring (2), the support plate (3) and the support seat (5), and reinforcing rods (101) are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the reinforcing frames (1).

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