Damper and ship

Abstract

The invention discloses a damper and a ship, and relates to the technical field of vibration control, the damper comprises a shell, a plurality of pole plate grooves and an oscillation mechanism, and a cavity used for containing giant electrorheological fluid is formed in the shell; the plurality of polar plate grooves are arranged in the cavity in parallel, a polar plate is detachably mounted in any polar plate groove, the polar plates comprise first polar plates and second polar plates, and the first polar plates and the second polar plates are alternately arranged at intervals in the arrangement direction of the plurality of polar plate grooves; the wiring end of any first polar plate and the wiring end of any second polar plate are both used for being externally connected with a power supply, and the output voltage of the power supply can be adjusted according to the magnitude of the required voltage difference between the polar plates; the oscillation mechanism is arranged in the cavity and can disturb the giant electrorheological fluid. The damper is easy to regulate and control in damping, high in energy dissipation capacity, good in anti-vibration effect and capable of being suitable for various working environments. The ship comprises the damper, and the ship navigation stability can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vibration control, and particularly to a damper and a ship. Background Art

[0002] A tuned liquid damper is a common mechanical vibration damping device. Its principle is that when an external electric field is applied to the electrorheological fluid, the suspended particles inside the electrorheological fluid are polarized, and the polarized particles are arranged in a chain or columnar structure along the direction of the electric field, generating viscous resistance to consume the energy of mechanical vibration, thereby achieving the effect of vibration damping. Tuned liquid dampers are widely used in the ship industry. However, the existing tuned liquid damper has a single system damping working mode, is difficult to regulate, has poor flexibility in use, and has poor energy dissipation ability, and cannot adapt to various working environments. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a damper and a ship, the system damping is easy to regulate, the system damping can be adjusted according to the load requirements and vibration isolation levels, has strong energy dissipation ability, good anti-vibration effect, and can be applicable to various working environments, solving the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0005] The present invention discloses a damper, including a housing, a plurality of electrode grooves, and an oscillation mechanism. A cavity is provided inside the housing, and the cavity is used to accommodate a giant electrorheological fluid; a plurality of the electrode grooves are arranged in parallel in the cavity, and an electrode can be detachably installed in any one of the electrode grooves. The electrode includes a first electrode and a second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged at intervals and alternately along the arrangement direction of the plurality of electrode grooves. The connection terminal of any one of the first electrodes is used to externally connect one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply, and the connection terminal of any one of the second electrodes is used to externally connect the other of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply. The output voltage of the power supply can be adjusted according to the magnitude of the required voltage difference between the electrodes; the oscillation mechanism is arranged in the cavity, and the oscillation mechanism can generate a disturbance to the giant electrorheological fluid.

[0006] In some embodiments, the distance between any two adjacent electrode grooves is equal, and the electrodes are installed in all the electrode grooves at the same time; or, the electrodes are installed in some of the electrode grooves at the same time; all the first electrodes are connected in parallel to form a first electrode group, and all the second electrodes are connected in parallel to form a second electrode group. The total connection terminal of the first electrode group is used to externally connect one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply, and the total connection terminal of the second electrode group is used to externally connect the other of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply.

[0007] In some embodiments, the oscillation mechanism includes an oscillation shaft, two elastic components, and a plurality of oscillation plates. The oscillation shaft is fixedly installed inside the housing. The two elastic components are respectively arranged outside both ends of the oscillation shaft, and both ends of the two elastic components away from each other are abutted against or connected to the inner wall of the housing. The plurality of oscillation plates are movably installed on the oscillation shaft through an installation structure, and the plurality of oscillation plates are located between the two elastic components. Both ends of the two elastic components close to each other are abutted against or connected to both ends of the installation structure respectively. A through hole is formed in any one of the oscillation plates.

[0008] In some embodiments, the installation structure includes: a sleeve, two limiting retaining plates, and a limiting nut. The sleeve is movably sleeved on the outer periphery of the oscillation shaft, and the axial length of the sleeve is less than the axial length of the oscillation shaft. An external thread is provided on the outer wall of the sleeve, and a first limiting plane is arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve along the axial direction of the sleeve. An installation hole adapted to the cross-sectional profile of the sleeve is formed in each of the oscillation plates. Any one of the oscillation plates is sleeved outside the sleeve through the installation hole and is rotationally limited by the first limiting plane. The two limiting retaining plates are respectively arranged at both ends of the sleeve. Any one of the limiting retaining plates includes a sleeve matching section and an oscillation shaft matching section. The sleeve matching section is sleeved on the outer periphery of the sleeve, and a second limiting plane matched with the first limiting plane is arranged on the sleeve matching section. The cooperation between the first limiting plane and the second limiting plane can limit the relative rotation between the sleeve and the limiting retaining plate. The oscillation shaft matching section is sleeved on the outer periphery of the oscillation shaft. A limiting groove is axially formed on the outer wall of the oscillation shaft, and a limiting protrusion matched with the limiting groove is arranged on the oscillation shaft matching section. The cooperation between the limiting groove and the limiting protrusion can limit the relative rotation between the limiting retaining plate and the oscillation shaft. Both ends of the two elastic components close to each other are abutted against or connected to the limiting retaining plates at both ends of the sleeve respectively. The limiting nut is threadedly sleeved on the sleeve, and the limiting nuts are arranged on both sides of any one of the oscillation plates to limit the axial displacement of the oscillation plate on the sleeve through the limiting nut.

[0009] In some embodiments, each of the electrode grooves is a U-shaped electrode groove having a first groove, and the notch of each first groove faces downward. The oscillation shaft penetrates through the first grooves of each of the electrode grooves and is perpendicular to each of the electrode grooves. At least one oscillation plate is arranged on at least one side of at least one of the U-shaped electrode grooves.

[0010] In some embodiments, the plurality of oscillation plates are arranged in a cross pattern with each of the electrode grooves, and the oscillation plates are distributed within the groove intervals between any two adjacent electrode grooves.

[0011] In some embodiments, the shell includes a lower shell and an upper shell arranged at the top of the lower shell; mounting grooves for mounting the oscillation shaft are symmetrically provided on the tops of the two opposite side walls of the lower shell, and mounting surfaces that are positioned and matched with the groove surfaces of the mounting grooves are also provided at both ends of the oscillation shaft, and the mounting grooves can limit the rotation and movement of the oscillation shaft relative to the lower shell; the upper shell is sealed with the lower shell, and a mounting limit strip that is slidably matched with the mounting groove is provided on the side of the upper shell facing the lower shell, and the end of the mounting limit strip away from the upper shell is used to press the end of the oscillation shaft to limit the movement of the oscillation shaft along the mounting groove; a window is provided on the upper shell, and the tops of the several plate grooves are all embedded in the window, and the tops of the several plate grooves are in the same plane with the top surface of the upper shell; a U-shaped inner groove for detachable insertion of the plate is provided in any of the plate grooves, and the top of the U-shaped inner groove is open, and the top opening of any of the U-shaped inner grooves is exposed to the top of the plate groove.

[0012] In some embodiments, the damper also includes a pole plate cover, which is detachably disposed on the window to close the top opening of any one of the U-shaped inner grooves; the pole plate cover is provided with a power connection structure, which enables the wiring terminals of the first pole plate and the wiring terminals of the second pole plate to be connected to the power supply.

[0013] In some embodiments, the damper further includes a liquid level indicating device, and a detection structure of the liquid level indicating device extends into the interior of the shell to detect the liquid level of the giant electrorheological fluid in the cavity.

[0014] The present invention further discloses a ship, comprising the damper as described above, wherein a hoisting structure is arranged outside the shell, and the damper is installed on the ship through the hoisting structure.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0016] The present invention provides a damper. By placing giant electro-rheological fluid in a cavity, arranging electrode grooves for accommodating electrodes in the cavity, and alternately arranging the first electrode and the second electrode at intervals in sequence, and by electrically connecting the first electrode and the second electrode to an external power source, adjusting the power supply pressure can change the electric field strength between the first electrode and the second electrode, thereby enabling the adjustment of the viscosity of the giant electro-rheological fluid in the electric field. When an external electric field is applied, the suspended particles in the giant electro-rheological fluid are polarized, the surface charges of the particles are separated, forming electric dipoles, and the polarized particles are arranged in a chain-like or columnar structure along the direction of the electric field. These structures hinder the fluid flow, and macroscopically, it is manifested as a sharp increase in viscosity. Therefore, the greater the electric field strength, the higher the viscosity of the giant electro-rheological fluid. That is, the system damping can be adjusted by adjusting the power supply voltage. And when the voltage difference between the first electrode and the second electrode increases, the energy dissipation ability of the giant electro-rheological fluid is enhanced, and thus the anti-vibration ability of the damper is improved. When the load is small, the viscosity of the giant electro-rheological fluid can be reduced by decreasing the voltage difference between the first electrode and the second electrode or removing some of the first electrodes and the second electrodes, thereby reducing energy consumption and increasing the response speed of the damper; when the load is large, the viscosity of the giant electro-rheological fluid can be increased by increasing the voltage difference between the first electrode and the second electrode and increasing the number of the first electrodes and the second electrodes, thereby obtaining a strong energy dissipation ability and the ability to absorb external impacts. And by setting an oscillation mechanism to generate disturbances to the giant electro-rheological fluid, when the central axis of the cavity coincides with the rotation axis and the giant electro-rheological fluid cannot spontaneously shake, the resonant oscillation mechanism can generate disturbances to the giant electro-rheological fluid to ensure the damping effect of the giant electro-rheological fluid. In summary, the damper of the present invention can adjust the system damping by changing the voltage difference between the electrodes according to the load requirements and vibration isolation levels during use. It can not only overcome the problems that the system damping of the tuned mass damper is not easy to control, the energy dissipation ability is poor, and the tuned liquid damper cannot work under specific conditions, thereby effectively improving the working efficiency of the damper and expanding the applicable range, but also can be applied to different working environments.

[0017] The present invention discloses a ship, including the above damper. The swaying amplitude and swaying time of the ship are significantly reduced, and the sailing stability of the ship can be improved. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the damper provided in Embodiment 1;

[0020] Figure 2 It is the exploded view of the damper provided in Embodiment 1;

[0021] Figure 3 It is Figure 1 the top view of the damper in

[0022] Figure 4 It is Figure 3 the A-A cross-sectional view of the damper in

[0023] Figure 5 It is the schematic diagram of the upper housing structure of the damper provided in Embodiment 1;

[0024] Figure 6 It is the schematic diagram of the first plate group structure in the damper provided in Embodiment 1;

[0025] Figure 7 It is the schematic diagram of the second plate group structure in the damper provided in Embodiment 1;

[0026] Figure 8 It is the schematic diagram of the oscillation mechanism structure in the damper provided in Embodiment 1;

[0027] Figure 9 It is the exploded view of the oscillation mechanism with only one oscillation piece in the damper provided in Embodiment 1;

[0028] Figure 10 It is Figure 9 the enlarged view of area B in

[0029] In the figure: 100 - damper; 1 - housing; 11 - upper housing; 111 - installation limit strip; 112 - oil level gauge; 113 - plate cover; 114 - power connection structure; 115 - wire fixer; 116 - lifting ring; 12 - lower housing; 121 - installation chute; 122 - sealing ring; 2 - plate groove; 21 - first plate group; 22 - second plate group; 23 - first groove; 3 - oscillation mechanism; 31 - oscillation shaft; 32 - limit groove; 321 - through hole; 33 - spring; 34 - sleeve; 341 - first limit plane; 35 - limit retaining piece; 351 - limit protrusion; 36 - limit nut; 37 - retaining piece; 38 - oscillation piece. Specific Embodiments

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] The object of the present invention is to provide a damper and a ship, in which the system damping is easy to adjust, the system damping can be adjusted according to the load requirements and vibration isolation levels, the energy dissipation capacity is strong, the vibration resistance effect is good, and it can be applied to a variety of working environments, solving the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0032] In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following will further describe the present invention in detail with reference to the Figures 1 to 10 accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] This embodiment provides a damper 100. Refer to Figures 1 to 2, including a housing 1, a plurality of electrode grooves 2 and an oscillation mechanism 3. A cavity is provided inside the housing 1, and the cavity is used to accommodate giant electro-rheological fluid; the plurality of electrode grooves 2 are arranged in parallel inside the cavity, and an electrode can be detachably installed in any one of the electrode grooves 2. The electrode includes a first electrode and a second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged at intervals and alternately along the arrangement direction of the plurality of electrode grooves 2. The connection terminal of any first electrode is used to externally connect to one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply, and the connection terminal of any second electrode is used to externally connect to the other of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply. The output voltage of the power supply can be adjusted according to the magnitude of the required voltage difference between the electrodes; the oscillation mechanism 3 is arranged inside the cavity, and the oscillation mechanism 3 can generate perturbations to the giant electro-rheological fluid. For the damper 100 provided in this embodiment, by accommodating the giant electro-rheological fluid in the cavity, arranging the electrode grooves 2 for accommodating the electrodes in the cavity, and making the first electrode and the second electrode arranged at intervals and alternately in sequence, that is, there is a second electrode between every two adjacent first electrodes, and there is a first electrode between every two adjacent second electrodes. By electrically connecting the first electrode and the second electrode to an external power supply, adjusting the power supply pressure can change the electric field strength between the adjacent first electrode and the second electrode, and thus the viscosity of the giant electro-rheological fluid in the electric field can be adjusted. When an external electric field is applied, the suspended particles in the giant electro-rheological fluid are polarized, the charges on the particle surface are separated, and electric dipoles are formed. The polarized particles are arranged in a chain-like or columnar structure along the electric field direction, and these structures hinder the fluid flow, and the macroscopic manifestation is that the viscosity rises sharply. Therefore, the greater the electric field strength, the higher the viscosity of the giant electro-rheological fluid, that is, the system damping can be adjusted by adjusting the power supply voltage. And when the voltage difference between the first electrode and the second electrode increases, the energy dissipation ability of the giant electro-rheological fluid is enhanced, and thus the anti-vibration ability of the damper 100 is improved. When the load is small, the viscosity of the giant electro-rheological fluid can be reduced by reducing the voltage difference between the first electrode and the second electrode or removing some of the first electrodes and the second electrodes, so as to reduce the energy consumption and improve the response speed of the damper 100; when the load is large, the viscosity of the giant electro-rheological fluid can be increased by increasing the voltage difference between the first electrode and the second electrode and increasing the number of the first electrodes and the second electrodes, so as to obtain a strong energy dissipation ability and the ability to absorb external impacts. And by setting the oscillation mechanism 3 to generate perturbations to the giant electro-rheological fluid, when the center line of the cavity coincides with the rotation axis, that is, when the cavity is a strictly axisymmetric geometry such as a cylinder or a sphere and the giant electro-rheological fluid cannot spontaneously shake, the resonant oscillation mechanism 3 can generate perturbations to the giant electro-rheological fluid to ensure the damping effect of the giant electro-rheological fluid. Therefore, the damper 100 provided by the present invention can be applied to different working environments.In summary, for the damper 100 of the present invention, during use, the system damping can be adjusted by changing the voltage difference between the electrode plates according to the load requirements and vibration isolation levels, which can overcome the problems of difficult damping regulation of the tuned mass damper system, poor energy dissipation ability, and inability to work under specific conditions of the tuned liquid damper, thereby effectively improving the working efficiency of the damper 100 and expanding its application scope. The electrode grooves need to be made of materials that are not polarized and non-conductive. In this actual example, the electrode grooves are made of nylon. In some other embodiments, the electrode grooves can also be made of other materials such as alumina ceramics.

[0035] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 to 4 , the spacing between any two adjacent electrode plate grooves 2 is equal, and electrode plates are installed in all the electrode plate grooves 2 at the same time; alternatively, electrode plates are installed in some of the electrode plate grooves 2 at the same time; all the first electrode plates are connected in parallel to form a first electrode plate group 21, all the second electrode plates are connected in parallel to form a second electrode plate group 22, the total connection terminal of the first electrode plate group 21 is used to connect to one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the external power supply, and the total connection terminal of the second electrode plate group 22 is used to connect to the other of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the external power supply. In this embodiment, electrode plates are installed in all the electrode plate grooves 2 at the same time. In some other embodiments, electrode plates can also be installed in some of the electrode plate grooves 2, and the spacing between adjacent electrode plates is equal to ensure uniform distribution of the electric field; or unequal electrode plate spacings can be set for adjacent electrode plates to ensure rapid response of the damper 100. In this embodiment, by making the spacing between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate equal, uniform distribution of the electric field is achieved, making the viscosity of the giant electro-rheological fluid stable and repeatable after polarization. By connecting the first electrode plates in parallel to form the first electrode plate group 21 and the second electrode plates in parallel to form the second electrode plate group 22, and connecting the total connection terminal of the first electrode plate group 21 and the total connection terminal of the second electrode plates to the external power supply, the power connection structure 114 can be simplified, and further the structure of the damper 100 can be simplified. In addition, by providing the first electrode plate group 21 and the second electrode plate group 22, it is convenient to install and replace the first electrode plate group 21 or the second electrode plate group 22 separately, which is convenient for maintenance and adjustment.

[0036] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 to 4 and Figures 8 to 9The oscillation mechanism 3 includes an oscillation shaft 31, two elastic components and a plurality of oscillation plates 38. The oscillation shaft 31 is fixedly installed inside the shell 1. The fixed meaning here is that the oscillation shaft 31 and the shell 1 are relatively fixed after the two are assembled. The specific fixing method can be a detachable fixing method such as card mounting; the two elastic components are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the two ends of the oscillation shaft 31, and the two ends of the two elastic components that are far away from each other are respectively against or connected to the inner wall of the shell 1; a plurality of oscillation plates 38 are movably installed on the oscillation shaft 31 through the mounting structure, and the plurality of oscillation plates 38 are located between the two elastic components, and the two ends of the two elastic components that are close to each other are respectively against or connected to the two ends of the mounting structure; a through hole 321 is opened on any oscillation plate 38. When a single tuned liquid damper responds to external disturbances, if the horizontal vibration response amplitude is large, the giant electrorheological fluid will shake too violently, which will cause its frequency to be unstable, thereby reducing the vibration reduction effect. In this embodiment, an oscillation mechanism 3 including a plurality of oscillation plates 38 is designed. When the center line of the cavity coincides with the rotation axis and the giant electrorheological fluid cannot shake spontaneously, the resonant oscillation mechanism 3 can disturb the giant electrorheological fluid, thereby ensuring the shaking of the giant electrorheological fluid. In addition, when the electric field intensity increases, the viscosity of the giant electrorheological fluid increases, and the shear force and pressure difference resistance on the oscillation mechanism 3 can also be increased, thereby achieving a better vibration reduction effect. Through holes 321 are evenly provided on the oscillation plate 38. In this embodiment, the through holes 321 are diamond holes. When vibrating, on the one hand, the proportion of giant electrorheological fluid in a turbulent state can be increased; on the other hand, the water hammer effect of the giant electrorheological fluid can be alleviated and the response amplitude of the giant electrorheological fluid can be reduced; finally, the hollow design of the diamond holes evenly provided on the oscillation plate 38 can also reduce the rigidity of the oscillation plate 38, further strengthening the disturbance of the giant electrorheological fluid when the oscillation plate 38 vibrates. Thus, the vibration reduction effect of the damper 100 is better. In this embodiment, in order to cope with external horizontal vibration, the structures of the first pole plate group 21, the second pole plate group 22 and the oscillation mechanism 3 are all distributed in the horizontal direction. In some other embodiments, in order to cope with external vertical vibration, the first pole plate group 21, the second pole plate group 22 and the oscillation mechanism 3 can also be set to be distributed in the vertical direction. In some other embodiments, the through hole 321 can also be a triangular hole or a pentagonal hole or other polygonal holes. In this embodiment, the elastic component is a spring 33 and a baffle 37 fixedly connected to one end of the spring 33. The spring 33 and the baffle 37 are both mounted on the oscillation shaft 31. The end of the spring 33 away from the baffle 37 abuts against or is connected to the mounting structure, and the end of the baffle 37 away from the spring 33 abuts against or is connected to the inner side of the housing 1. In some other embodiments, the elastic component may only include the spring 33.

[0037] In some embodiments, reference Figures 8 to 10The mounting structure includes: a sleeve 34, two limit baffles 35 and a limit nut 36. The sleeve 34 is movably sleeved on the outer periphery of the oscillation shaft 31, and the axial length of the sleeve 34 is less than the axial length of the oscillation shaft 31. The outer wall of the sleeve 34 is provided with an external thread, and the outer wall of the sleeve 34 is provided with a first limit plane 341 along the axial direction of the sleeve 34. Each oscillation plate 38 is provided with a mounting hole adapted to the cross-sectional profile of the sleeve 34. Any oscillation plate 38 is sleeved on the outside of the sleeve 34 through the mounting hole, and is rotationally limited by the first limit plane 341; the two limit baffles 35 are respectively arranged at both ends of the sleeve 34; any limit baffle 35 includes a sleeve matching section and an oscillation shaft matching section, the sleeve matching section is sleeved on the outer periphery of the sleeve 34, and the sleeve matching section is provided with a first limit plane 341 that matches the first limit plane 34 1, the first limiting plane 341 cooperates with the second limiting plane to limit the relative rotation between the sleeve 34 and the limiting block 35; the oscillation shaft matching section is sleeved on the outer periphery of the oscillation shaft 31, and the outer wall of the oscillation shaft 31 is provided with a limiting groove 32 along its axial direction, and the oscillation shaft matching section is provided with a limiting protrusion 351 that cooperates with the limiting groove 32, and the limiting groove 32 and the limiting protrusion 351 cooperate to limit the relative rotation of the limiting block 35 and the oscillation shaft 31; the two ends of the two elastic components close to each other are respectively abutted or connected with the limiting blocks 35 at both ends of the sleeve 34; the limiting nut 36 is threadedly sleeved with the sleeve 34, and the limiting nuts 36 are provided on both sides of any oscillation plate 38 to limit the axial displacement of the oscillation plate 38 on the sleeve 34 through the limiting nuts 36. In this embodiment, the first limiting plane 341 is a limiting plane that is relatively and parallel to the two sides of the outer wall of the sleeve 34. In some other embodiments, only one first limiting plane 341 may be provided. Accordingly, the mounting hole on the oscillation plate 38 needs to be consistent with the cross-sectional profile of the sleeve 34 to limit the rotation of the oscillation plate 38 relative to the sleeve 34. In addition, the oscillation plate 38 is set to be detachable, and the number of oscillation plates 38 can be adjusted according to the specific load conditions. When the load is small, while reducing the voltage difference between the first plate and the second plate, the number of oscillation plates 38 can also be reduced to reduce energy consumption and improve the response speed of the damper 100; when the load is large, while increasing the voltage difference between the first plate and the second plate, the number of oscillation plates 38 can also be increased to obtain a stronger energy dissipation capacity and an absorption capacity for external impact. In this embodiment, the sleeve matching section of the limiting block 35 is fixedly connected to the sleeve 34 in the form of interference insertion to ensure that the limiting block 35 will not be separated from the sleeve during the oscillation process, and it is also convenient to disassemble the oscillation plate 38. The oscillation shaft mating section is provided with a limiting groove 32, and the limiting protrusion 351 can slide in the limiting groove 32 to allow the limiting block 35 to move axially with the sleeve 34 relative to the oscillation shaft 31. The limiting block 35 can also limit the rotation between the sleeve 34 and the oscillation shaft 31, making the structure of the oscillation mechanism 3 more stable.The oscillating piece 38 is axially limited by a limit nut 36 sleeved on the sleeve 34 through a thread. The structure is simple and easy to process. In addition, when the number of oscillating pieces 38 needs to be increased or decreased, the limit nut 36 can be disassembled to achieve the increase or decrease of the oscillating piece 38, and the operation is convenient and easy to implement. And in this embodiment, the oscillation mechanism 3 can adjust the natural frequency of the oscillator by increasing or decreasing the number of oscillating pieces 38, so that a better resonance effect can be obtained when dealing with the main vibration source in different scenarios.

[0038] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 to 5 , each electrode plate groove 2 is a U-shaped electrode plate groove having a first groove 23, and the notch of each first groove 23 faces downward; the oscillation shaft 31 passes through the first groove 23 of each electrode plate groove 2 and is perpendicular to each electrode plate groove 2; at least one oscillating piece 38 is provided on at least one side of at least one U-shaped electrode plate groove. By providing the U-shaped electrode plate groove, the oscillation shaft 31 can pass through the electrode plate groove 2 through the first groove 23, and the oscillation shaft 31 is perpendicular to the electrode plate groove 2, that is, the oscillating piece 38 is arranged parallel to the U-shaped electrode plate groove, so as to maximize the shear force and the resistance of the pressure difference received by the oscillating piece 38 by the giant current-variable fluid and improve the vibration damping effect of the damper 100. Considering the arrangement of the limit nut 36 in the oscillation mechanism 3, when the U-shaped electrode plate groove is mounted outside the oscillation shaft 31 through the first groove 23, it generally spans outside the limit nut 36, as shown in Figure 4 . Only the oscillating piece 38 is provided within the interval of the electrode plate groove 2. At this time, the number of limit nuts 36 is the same as the number of electrode plate grooves 2 and they correspond one by one.

[0039] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 to 4 , several oscillating pieces 38 are arranged crosswise with each electrode plate groove 2, and the oscillating pieces 38 are distributed within the groove interval between any two adjacent electrode plate grooves 2. The oscillating pieces 38 are distributed within the groove interval between any two adjacent electrode plate grooves 2. By disturbing the giant current-variable fluid with the oscillating pieces 38, the proportion of the giant current-variable fluid in the turbulent state can be further increased, and the vibration damping effect of the damper 100 can be improved.

[0040] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 to 4, the housing 1 includes a lower housing 12 and an upper housing 11 disposed at the top of the lower housing 12; symmetrically arranged on the top of the opposite side walls of the lower housing 12 are mounting chutes 121 for mounting the oscillation shaft 31, and both ends of the oscillation shaft 31 are further provided with mounting surfaces that are positioned and fitted with the groove surfaces of the mounting chutes 121. The mounting chutes 121 can limit the rotation and movement of the oscillation shaft 31 relative to the lower housing 12; the upper housing 11 is hermetically connected to the lower housing 12, and a mounting limit strip 111 that is slidably fitted with the mounting chute 121 is provided on the side of the upper housing 11 facing the lower housing 12. The end of the mounting limit strip 111 away from the upper housing 11 is used to press against the end of the oscillation shaft 31 to limit the movement of the oscillation shaft 31 along the mounting chute 121; a window is provided on the upper housing 11, and the tops of a plurality of electrode plates 2 are all embedded in the window, and the tops of the plurality of electrode plates 2 are in the same plane as the top surface of the upper housing 11; a U-shaped inner groove for detachably inserting the electrode plates is provided in any one of the electrode plates 2, and the top of the U-shaped inner groove is open, and the top opening of any one of the U-shaped inner grooves is exposed at the top of the electrode plate 2. By providing the mounting chute 121 on the lower housing 12 and the mounting limit strip 111 on the upper housing 11, the oscillation shaft 31 can be limited when the upper housing 11 and the lower housing 12 are buckled. The structure is simple and easy to implement, and by arranging the mounting structure of the oscillation shaft 31 inside the housing 1, it is easy to achieve the sealing of the housing 1 structure. In addition, the upper housing 11 and the lower housing 12 are hermetically connected through a sealing groove and a sealing ring 122. A sealing groove is provided circumferentially on the assembly surface of the upper housing 11 and the lower housing 12, and a sealing ring 122 is provided in the sealing groove to achieve the sealing between the upper housing 11 and the lower housing 12. The structure is simple and easy to implement, and the upper housing 11 and the lower housing 12 are detachably connected by bolts. By exposing the top opening of the U-shaped inner groove at the top of the electrode plate 2, the top opening of the U-shaped inner groove is exposed at the top of the upper housing 11, which can facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the first electrode plate group 21 and the second electrode plate group 22 to achieve the regulation of the electric field uniformity and adjust the response speed of the damper 100.

[0041] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 to 4 , the damper 100 further includes an electrode plate cover 113, and the electrode plate cover 113 is detachably disposed on the window to close the top opening of any one of the U-shaped inner grooves; a power connection structure 114 is provided on the electrode plate cover 113, and the power connection structure 114 can connect the wiring ends of the first electrode and the second electrode to the power supply. In this embodiment, the electrode plate cover 113 is detachably connected to the upper housing 11 by bolts. By disassembling the electrode plate cover 113, the number of the first electrode and the second electrode can be adjusted. The structure is simple and easy to implement. And the electrode plate cover 113 is provided with a power connection structure 114, such as Figure 3, two power connection structures 114 are provided, which are respectively used to be connected to the main connection terminals of the first plate group 21 and the main connection terminals of the second plate group 22 through power connection screws to a power source. In addition, a wire fixer 115 is also provided on the upper housing 11. The wire fixer 115 is composed of a plastic sheet and a bolt. The power cord connected to the power source is fixed on the upper housing 11 by the pressure of the bolt, so as to ensure that the power cord is not easily disconnected when stressed and the connection between the first plate group 21 and the second plate group 22.

[0042] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 to 2 , the damper 100 further includes a liquid level indicating device. The detection structure of the liquid level indicating device extends into the housing 1 to detect the liquid level of the giant electro-rheological fluid in the cavity. In this embodiment, the liquid level indicator is an oil gauge 112. A threaded hole is opened on the upper housing 11. The oil gauge 112 extends into the housing 1 through the threaded hole and is threadedly engaged with the threaded hole to achieve the sealing of the housing 1. In addition, by disassembling the oil gauge 112 and reading the liquid level information on the oil gauge 112, the liquid level of the giant electro-rheological fluid in the housing 1 can be known, so as to facilitate replenishment when the giant electro-rheological fluid is insufficient. In some other embodiments, the liquid level indicator can also be other devices provided with a liquid level sensor and capable of measuring the liquid level of the giant electro-rheological fluid in the housing 1.

[0043] Embodiment 2

[0044] This embodiment provides a ship, including the damper 100 in Embodiment 1. The damper 100 is installed on the ship through a hoisting structure. Specifically, in this embodiment, the hoisting structure is two lifting rings 116 threadedly connected to the upper housing 11. In some other embodiments, the hoisting structure can also be other structures such as a hoisting handle, or a hoisting hole directly opened on the upper housing 11. The sway amplitude and sway time of the ship provided with the damper 100 in Embodiment 1 are significantly reduced, and the navigation stability of the ship can be improved.

[0045] In the present invention, specific examples are used to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A damper, characterized in that: Comprising: A housing, within which a cavity is provided for accommodating giant electro-rheological fluid. A plurality of electrode grooves, which are arranged in parallel within the cavity. Any one of the electrode grooves can be detachably installed with electrodes. The electrodes include a first electrode and a second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged at intervals and alternately along the arrangement direction of the plurality of electrode grooves. The connection terminal of any one of the first electrodes is used to externally connect to one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a power supply, and the connection terminal of any one of the second electrodes is used to externally connect to the other of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply. The output voltage of the power supply can be adjusted according to the magnitude of the required voltage difference between the electrodes. An oscillation mechanism, which is arranged within the cavity and can generate disturbances to the giant electro-rheological fluid.

2. The damper according to claim 1, wherein: The distance between any two adjacent electrode grooves is equal, and the electrodes are installed within all the electrode grooves simultaneously; or, the electrodes are installed within some of the electrode grooves simultaneously. All the first electrodes are connected in parallel to form a first electrode group, and all the second electrodes are connected in parallel to form a second electrode group. The total connection terminal of the first electrode group is used to externally connect to one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a power supply, and the total connection terminal of the second electrode group is used to externally connect to the other of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply.

3. The damper according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The oscillation mechanism includes: An oscillation shaft, which is fixedly installed inside the housing. Two elastic components, which are respectively arranged outside both ends of the oscillation shaft, and the mutually remote ends of the two elastic components are abutted against or connected to the inner wall of the housing. A plurality of oscillation plates, which are movably installed on the oscillation shaft through an installation structure, and the plurality of oscillation plates are located between the two elastic components. The mutually close ends of the two elastic components are respectively abutted against or connected to both ends of the installation structure. A through hole is provided on any one of the oscillation plates.

4. The damper according to claim 3, wherein: The installation structure includes: A sleeve, which is movably sleeved on the outer periphery of the oscillation shaft, and the axial length of the sleeve is less than the axial length of the oscillation shaft. The outer wall of the sleeve is provided with an external thread, and a first limiting plane is arranged along the axial direction of the sleeve on the outer wall of the sleeve. An installation hole adapted to the cross-sectional contour of the sleeve is provided on each of the oscillation plates. Any one of the oscillation plates is sleeved outside the sleeve through the installation hole and is rotationally limited by the first limiting plane. Two limiting shims are respectively arranged at both ends of the sleeve; any one of the limiting shims includes a sleeve fitting section and an oscillating shaft fitting section. The sleeve fitting section is sleeved on the outer periphery of the sleeve. The sleeve fitting section is provided with a second limiting plane that cooperates with the first limiting plane. The cooperation between the first limiting plane and the second limiting plane can limit the relative rotation between the sleeve and the limiting shim. The oscillating shaft fitting section is sleeved on the outer periphery of the oscillating shaft. A limiting groove is axially formed on the outer wall of the oscillating shaft. The oscillating shaft fitting section is provided with a limiting protrusion that cooperates with the limiting groove. The cooperation between the limiting groove and the limiting protrusion can limit the relative rotation between the limiting shim and the oscillating shaft. The two ends of the two elastic members that are close to each other are respectively abutted against or connected to the limiting shims at both ends of the sleeve. A limiting nut is threadedly sleeved on the sleeve. The limiting nuts are arranged on both sides of any one of the oscillating plates to limit the axial displacement of the oscillating plate on the sleeve through the limiting nuts.

5. The damper according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the plate grooves is a U-shaped plate groove having a first groove, and the notch of each first groove faces downward. The oscillating shaft passes through the first grooves of each of the plate grooves and is perpendicular to each of the plate grooves. At least one oscillating plate is arranged on at least one side of at least one of the U-shaped plate grooves.

6. The damper according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plurality of oscillating plates are arranged crosswise with respect to each of the plate grooves, and the oscillating plates are distributed within the groove intervals between any two adjacent plate grooves.

7. The damper according to claim 3, characterized in that: The housing includes a lower housing and an upper housing arranged at the top of the lower housing. Symmetrically arranged mounting chutes for mounting the oscillating shaft are formed at the tops of the opposite side walls of the lower housing. Mounting surfaces that are positioned and cooperate with the groove surfaces of the mounting chutes are further arranged at both ends of the oscillating shaft. The mounting chutes can limit the rotation and movement of the oscillating shaft relative to the lower housing. The upper housing is hermetically connected to the lower housing, and a mounting limiting strip that is slidably matched with the mounting chute is arranged on the side of the upper housing facing the lower housing. The end of the mounting limiting strip away from the upper housing is used to press against the end of the oscillating shaft to limit the movement of the oscillating shaft along the mounting chute. A window is formed on the upper housing. The tops of the plurality of plate grooves are all embedded in the window, and the tops of the plurality of plate grooves are in the same plane as the top surface of the upper housing. A U-shaped inner groove for detachably inserting the plate is formed in any one of the plate grooves, and the top of the U-shaped inner groove is open. The top openings of any one of the U-shaped inner grooves are exposed at the top of the plate groove.

8. The damper according to claim 7, wherein: It further includes a plate cover, and the plate cover is detachably arranged on the window to close the top opening of any one of the U-shaped inner grooves. A power connection structure is arranged on the plate cover, and the power connection structure can connect the connection terminals of the first plate and the connection terminals of the second plate to the power supply.

9. The damper according to claim 1, wherein: It further includes a liquid level indicating device, and a detection structure of the liquid level indicating device extends into the interior of the housing to detect the liquid level of the giant electro-rheological fluid in the cavity.

10. A ship, characterized in that: It includes the damper according to any one of claims 1 to 9, a hoisting structure is arranged outside the housing, and the damper is installed on the ship through the hoisting structure.

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