Soil sampling device for monitoring grassland growth

Abstract

According to the soil sampling device for steppe growth monitoring, when a detector takes soil, a distribution mechanism can transmit power of a main motor to a variable-pitch transmission mechanism, a soil taking drill is driven to rotate through the variable-pitch transmission mechanism, then the soil taking drill is drilled into the ground, soil taking is more labor-saving, and after the detector pulls out the soil taking drill, the soil taking drill is driven to rotate through the variable-pitch transmission mechanism. The soil sample in the soil sampling drill is ejected into the collecting box by the bulldozing head through the distribution mechanism, so that the work of taking out the soil sample from the soil sampling drill and collecting the soil sample can be conveniently completed, the labor intensity of detection personnel is reduced, and the detection personnel move the collecting box from the bottom surface of the shell to the side surface of the shell by utilizing the distribution mechanism before sampling a next point, so that the sampling efficiency is improved. The bulldozing head is retracted into the soil sampling drill, and the soil sampling drill extends out of the shell, so that preparation work before sampling can be conveniently completed, and repeated operation of detection personnel during sampling in one sampling unit is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of grassland monitoring, and specifically to a soil sampling device for grassland growth monitoring. Background Art

[0002] Grazing activities are the main activities of herdsmen on the grassland. Grazing activities have a profound impact on the grassland ecosystem, and overgrazing is not conducive to grassland growth, which will lead to the degradation of grassland vegetation and a decrease in the coverage rate. Since overgrazing will cause changes in parameters such as soil humidity and nitrogen content, sampling and analyzing grassland soil is beneficial for monitoring grassland growth.

[0003] In the prior art, testers take samples on the grassland with a soil drill. First, multiple sampling points are selected within a sampling unit, and then the soils collected from multiple sampling points are mixed, and finally the mixed sample is sent to the laboratory.

[0004] During sampling, the tester needs to manually drill the soil drill into the ground, pull out the soil drill, take out the soil sample from the soil drill, and collect the soil sample. Moreover, when sampling multiple sampling points within a sampling unit, the tester also needs to repeat the operation multiple times, with a relatively high labor intensity. Therefore, it is necessary to design a soil sampling device for grassland growth monitoring with a relatively high degree of automation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a soil sampling device for grassland growth monitoring to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A soil sampling device for grassland growth monitoring, including a housing. The housing is fixed with a handle. A lead screw lifting mechanism and a variable pitch transmission mechanism are arranged inside the housing. The lead screw lifting mechanism can drive the soil drill to lift. A drill bit outlet is opened on the bottom surface of the housing. The lead screw lifting mechanism has self-locking property. The variable pitch transmission mechanism can drive the soil drill to rotate. The soil drill is arranged on the variable pitch transmission mechanism; A soil pushing head is slidably arranged inside the soil drill. The soil pushing head is driven by a spiral telescopic mechanism. The spiral telescopic mechanism is arranged on the housing. The spiral telescopic mechanism does not have self-locking property; A swing block mechanism is arranged on the housing. The swing block mechanism includes a slide rail. The slide rail is rotatably arranged on an ear seat. The ear seat is fixed on the housing at the intersection of the bottom surface and the side surface of the housing. A collection box is slidably arranged inside the slide rail. The output end of a driving link is rotatably arranged on the collection box. The input end of the driving link is rotatably arranged on the housing. The collection box can move from the side surface of the housing to the bottom surface of the housing. The collection box can collect the soil sample inside the soil drill; A main motor and a control motor are fixed inside the housing. The control motor can drive a distribution mechanism, and the distribution mechanism can transmit the power of the main motor to the drive link of the lead screw lifting mechanism, the variable pitch transmission mechanism, the screw telescopic mechanism or the swing block mechanism. The main motor and the control motor are electrically connected to the controller.

[0007] Preferably, the distribution mechanism includes a main shaft driven by the main motor. The main shaft is rotatably arranged inside the housing, and four pairs of clutches are arranged on the main shaft, namely a lifting clutch, a variable pitch clutch, a telescopic clutch and a collection clutch. Each pair of clutches includes an input clutch pressure plate and an output clutch pressure plate. Each input clutch pressure plate is fixed on the main shaft, and each output clutch pressure plate is sleeved on the main shaft. Each output clutch pressure plate is rotatably arranged on a dial. There are four dials in total, namely a lifting dial, a variable pitch dial, a telescopic dial and a collection dial. That is, an output clutch pressure plate is rotatably arranged on each of the lifting dial, the variable pitch dial, the telescopic dial and the collection dial, and the dials are arranged to be lifted and lowered inside the housing. Four transmission shafts are rotatably arranged inside the housing, namely a lifting transmission shaft, a variable pitch transmission shaft, a telescopic transmission shaft and a collection transmission shaft. The lifting transmission shaft corresponds to the lifting clutch, the variable pitch transmission shaft corresponds to the variable pitch clutch, the telescopic transmission shaft corresponds to the telescopic clutch, and the collection transmission shaft corresponds to the collection clutch. The lifting transmission shaft can drive the lead screw lifting mechanism, the variable pitch transmission shaft can drive the variable pitch transmission mechanism, the telescopic transmission shaft can drive the screw telescopic mechanism, and the collection transmission shaft can drive the swing block mechanism. A lengthened gear is coaxially fixed on each transmission shaft. There are four lengthened gears in total. Each lengthened gear is meshed with a transmission gear. The transmission gear is coaxially fixed with the output clutch pressure plate, and the transmission gear can slide along the lengthened gear. After the lifting clutch is engaged, the power can be transmitted from the main shaft to the lifting transmission shaft. After the variable pitch clutch is engaged, the power can be transmitted from the main shaft to the variable pitch transmission shaft. After the telescopic clutch is engaged, the power can be transmitted from the main shaft to the telescopic transmission shaft. After the collection clutch is engaged, the power can be transmitted from the main shaft to the collection transmission shaft.

[0008] Preferably, an intermediate bracket is fixed inside the housing. The intermediate bracket is arranged in the middle of the housing. The lifting transmission shaft and the collection transmission shaft are rotatably arranged between the intermediate bracket and the bottom of the housing. The lifting transmission shaft and the collection transmission shaft are respectively fixed on both sides of the main shaft. The telescopic transmission shaft and the variable pitch transmission shaft are rotatably arranged between the intermediate bracket and the top of the housing. The telescopic transmission shaft and the variable pitch transmission shaft are respectively arranged on both sides of the main shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the distribution mechanism further includes a cylindrical cam driven by a control motor. The cylindrical cam is rotatably arranged in the housing. Four cam grooves are formed in the cylindrical cam. A cam roller is rotatably arranged on each dial. Each cam roller can roll in one cam groove. Each cam groove includes a rising groove, an engaging groove, a falling groove and a separating groove. The sum of the cam angles corresponding to the rising groove, the engaging groove and the falling groove of each cam groove is 90°. The starting points of the separating grooves of the four cam grooves are staggered by 90° in sequence in the end face direction of the cylindrical cam; When the cam roller of the lifting dial is in the engaging groove of the cam groove, the lifting clutch is engaged and other clutches are disengaged. When the cam roller of the pitch-changing dial is in the engaging groove of the cam groove, the pitch-changing clutch is engaged and other clutches are disengaged. When the cam roller of the telescopic dial is in the engaging groove of the cam groove, the telescopic clutch is engaged and other clutches are disengaged. When the cam roller of the collecting dial is in the engaging groove of the cam groove, the collecting clutch is engaged and other clutches are disengaged.

[0010] Preferably, the screw lifting mechanism includes a lifting screw rod rotatably arranged in the housing. The lifting screw rod is threadedly connected with a lifting table which can slide along a guiding shaft arranged in the housing. A drill rod is rotatably arranged under the lifting table, and a soil sampler is detachably fixed under the drill rod; A lifting output gear is coaxially fixed on the lifting screw rod and meshed with a lifting input gear which is coaxially fixed on a lifting transmission shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the pitch-changing transmission mechanism includes a rotary output gear coaxially fixed on the drill rod. The rotary output gear is meshed with an intermediate gear rotatably arranged on the lifting table. The intermediate gear is meshed with a rotary input gear rotatably arranged on the lifting table. The guiding shaft is rotatably arranged in the housing. The cross section of the guiding shaft is square. The rotary input gear is sleeved on the guiding shaft. The rotation of the guiding shaft can drive the rotary input gear to rotate; A rotary output pulley is coaxially fixed on the guiding shaft. A rotary input pulley is coaxially fixed on the pitch-changing transmission shaft. The rotary input pulley is connected to the rotary output pulley through a rotary transmission belt.

[0012] Preferably, the screw telescopic mechanism includes a fixed nut fixed on the housing. The fixed nut is threadedly connected with a threaded rod on which a straight groove is formed. An auxiliary bracket is fixed on the housing. A turntable is rotatably arranged on the auxiliary bracket and sleeved on the threaded rod. A driving tooth is fixed in the turntable and can slide along the straight groove of the threaded rod. A soil pushing head is fixed at the bottom end of the threaded rod, and a limiting plate is detachably fixed at the top end of the threaded rod; A telescopic output pulley is coaxially fixed on the turntable, and a telescopic input pulley is coaxially fixed on the telescopic transmission shaft. The telescopic input pulley is connected to the telescopic output pulley through a telescopic transmission belt.

[0013] Preferably, the swing block mechanism includes a slide rail which is rotatably arranged on the ear seat. The ear seat is fixed on the housing at the intersection of the bottom surface and the side surface of the housing. A collection box is slidably arranged in the slide rail. The output end of the drive link is rotatably arranged on the collection box, and the input end of the drive link is rotatably arranged on the housing. The input end of the drive link is coaxially fixed with a worm gear which is meshed with a worm. The worm has self-locking property. The worm is rotatably arranged on the intermediate bracket. The worm is connected to the collection transmission shaft through a gear set, and the gear set is arranged on the intermediate bracket.

[0014] Preferably, a drill bit rising button and a drill bit falling button are arranged on the housing. The drill bit rising button and the drill bit falling button are electrically connected to the controller. The drill bit rising button and the drill bit falling button can control the rotation of the cylindrical cam to engage the lifting clutch, and the drill bit rising button and the drill bit falling button can also control the forward or reverse rotation of the main motor. A rotation button is arranged on the handle. The rotation button is electrically connected to the controller. The rotation button can control the rotation of the cylindrical cam to engage the variable distance clutch, and the rotation button can also control the rotation of the main motor. An extension button and a retraction button are arranged on the housing. The extension button and the retraction button are electrically connected to the controller. The extension button and the retraction button can control the rotation of the cylindrical cam to engage the telescopic clutch, and the extension button and the retraction button can also control the forward or reverse rotation of the main motor. A box rising button and a box falling button are arranged on the housing. The box rising button and the box falling button can control the rotation of the cylindrical cam to engage the collection clutch, and the box rising button and the box falling button can also control the forward or reverse rotation of the main motor.

[0015] Preferably, an auxiliary handle is fixed outside the housing.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: When the tester takes soil, the distribution mechanism can transmit the power of the main motor to the variable pitch transmission mechanism, drive the soil sampling drill to rotate through the variable pitch transmission mechanism, and then drill the soil sampling drill into the ground, making it more labor-saving to take soil. After the tester pulls out the soil sampling drill and the soil sample inside, first use the distribution mechanism to transmit the power of the main motor from the variable pitch transmission mechanism to the lead screw lifting mechanism, retract the soil sampling drill into the housing through the lead screw lifting mechanism, and then use the distribution mechanism to transmit the power of the main motor from the lead screw lifting mechanism to the swing block mechanism. Move the collection box from the side of the housing to the bottom of the housing through the swing block mechanism, and then use the distribution mechanism to transmit the power of the main motor from the swing block mechanism to the screw telescopic mechanism, and then drive the earth pushing head to eject the soil sample in the soil sampling drill into the collection box, which can conveniently complete the work of taking out the soil sample from the soil sampling drill and collecting the soil sample, reducing the labor intensity of the tester. Before the tester takes a sample at the next point, use the distribution mechanism to move the collection box from the bottom of the housing to the side of the housing, retract the earth pushing head into the soil sampling drill, and extend the soil sampling drill out of the housing, which can conveniently complete the preparation work before the next sampling, facilitating the repeated operation of the tester during sampling in a sampling unit.

[0017] The rotation of the driving link can drive the movement of the collection box, and then drive the sliding rail to rotate. When the driving link rotates forward, it can drive the collection box to move from the side of the housing to the bottom of the housing. Subsequently, the screw telescopic mechanism drives the earth pushing head to move, and then ejects the soil in the soil sampling drill into the collection box. When the driving link rotates reversely, it can drive the collection box to move from the bottom of the housing to the side of the housing, avoiding the movement path of the soil sampling drill. Since the collection box moves between the side and the bottom of the housing, it reduces the occupation of the internal space of the housing, which is beneficial to reducing the volume of the housing and improving portability. Since the collection box collects soil at the bottom of the housing and cooperates with the earth pushing head to eject the soil along the soil sampling drill into the collection box, the force is more uniform when ejecting the soil in the soil sampling drill. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Isometric view of the present invention; Figure 2 Isometric view of the present invention with the side wall of the housing removed; Figure 3 Isometric view of the lifting platform, soil sampling drill and threaded rod of the present invention; Figure 4 Another isometric view of the present invention with the side wall of the housing removed; Figure 5 Isometric view of the housing and distribution mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Local enlarged view of part A; Figure 7 Isometric view of the collection dial of the present invention; Figure 8 Another axonometric view of the housing and dispensing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 Developed view of the cylindrical cam of the present invention; Figure 10 Axonometric view of the present invention with the side wall of the housing, swing block mechanism, collection box and threaded rod removed; Figure 11 Another axonometric view of the lifting table and earth drill of the present invention; Figure 12 Axonometric view of the present invention with the side wall, top wall and cylindrical cam of the housing removed; Figure 13 For the present invention Figure 12 Partial enlarged view at position B; Figure 14 For the present invention Figure 12 Partial enlarged view at position C; Figure 15 Another axonometric view of the present invention with the side wall, top wall and cylindrical cam of the housing removed; Figure 16 For the present invention Figure 15 Partial enlarged view at position D; Figure 17 For the present invention Figure 10 Partial enlarged view at position E; Figure 18 Control block diagram of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 101, housing; 102, handle; 103, soil drill; 104, drill bit outlet; 105, earth moving head; 106, collection box; 107, main motor; 108, control motor; 109, auxiliary grip; 200, screw rod lifting mechanism; 201, lifting screw rod; 202, lifting platform; 203, guiding shaft; 204, drill pipe; 205, lifting output gear; 206, lifting input gear; 300, variable pitch transmission mechanism; 301, rotating input gear; 302, intermediate gear; 303, rotating output gear; 304, rotating transmission belt; 400, spiral telescopic mechanism; 401, fixing nut; 402, threaded rod; 403, straight groove; 404, auxiliary bracket; 405, turntable; 406, driving tooth; 407, telescopic transmission belt; 408, limiting plate; 500, swing block mechanism; 501, slide rail; 502, ear seat; 503, driving connecting rod; 504, worm gear; 505, worm; 506, gear set; 600, distribution mechanism; 601, main shaft; 602, bevel gear set; 603, lifting clutch; 604, variable distance clutch; 605, telescopic clutch; 606, collection clutch; 607, input clutch pressure plate; 608, output clutch pressure plate; 609, lifting dial; 610, variable pitch dial; 611, telescopic dial; 612, collection dial; 613, lifting transmission shaft; 614, variable pitch transmission shaft; 615, telescopic transmission shaft; 616, collection transmission shaft; 617, extended gear; 618, transmission gear; 619, intermediate bracket; 620, cylindrical cam; 621, cam groove; 622, cam roller; 623, rising groove; 624, engaging groove; 625, falling groove; 626, separating groove. Detailed implementation mode

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] The present invention provides a technical solution: a soil sampling device for grassland growth monitoring, as Figure 1 , 2 shown, which includes a housing 101. A handle 102 is fixed on the housing 101. A screw rod lifting mechanism 200 and a variable pitch transmission mechanism 300 are arranged inside the housing 101. The screw rod lifting mechanism 200 can drive the soil drill 103 to lift. A drill bit outlet 104 is opened on the bottom surface of the housing 101. The screw rod lifting mechanism 200 has self-locking property. The variable pitch transmission mechanism 300 can drive the soil drill 103 to rotate. The soil drill 103 is arranged on the variable pitch transmission mechanism 300.

[0022] As shown in Figure 2 and 3 shown, a soil pushing head 105 is slidably arranged in the soil sampling drill 103. The soil pushing head 105 is driven by a screw telescopic mechanism 400. The screw telescopic mechanism 400 is arranged on the housing 101 and does not have self-locking property.

[0023] As shown in Figure 1 and 2 shown, a swing block mechanism 500 is arranged on the housing 101. As shown in Figure 12 and 15 shown, the swing block mechanism 500 includes a slide rail 501. The slide rail 501 is rotatably arranged on an ear seat 502. The ear seat 502 is fixed on the housing 101 at the intersection of the bottom surface and the side surface of the housing 101. A collection box 106 is slidably arranged in the slide rail 501. The output end of a driving connecting rod 503 is rotatably arranged on the collection box 106. The input end of the driving connecting rod 503 is rotatably arranged on the housing 101. The collection box 106 can move from the side surface of the housing 101 to the bottom surface of the housing 101, and the collection box 106 can collect soil samples in the soil sampling drill 103.

[0024] The rotation of the driving connecting rod 503 can drive the movement of the collection box 106, and then drive the rotation of the slide rail 501. When the driving connecting rod 503 rotates forward, it can drive the collection box 106 to move from the side surface of the housing 101 to the bottom surface of the housing 101. Subsequently, the screw telescopic mechanism 400 drives the movement of the soil pushing head 105, and then pushes the soil in the soil sampling drill 103 into the collection box 106. When the driving connecting rod 503 rotates reversely, it can drive the collection box 106 to move from the bottom surface of the housing 101 to the side surface of the housing 101, avoiding the movement path of the soil sampling drill 103. Since the collection box 106 moves between the side surface and the bottom surface of the housing 101, the occupation of the internal space of the housing 101 is reduced, which is beneficial to reducing the volume of the housing 101 and improving portability. Since the collection box 106 collects soil at the bottom of the housing 101 and cooperates with the soil pushing head 105 to push the soil along the soil sampling drill 103 into the collection box 106, the force is more uniform when pushing out the soil in the soil sampling drill 103.

[0025] As shown in Figure 4 shown, a main motor 107 and a control motor 108 are fixed in the housing 101. The control motor 108 can drive a distribution mechanism 600. The distribution mechanism 600 can transmit the power of the main motor 107 to the screw lifting mechanism 200, the variable pitch transmission mechanism 300, the screw telescopic mechanism 400 or the driving connecting rod 503 of the swing block mechanism 500. The main motor 107 and the control motor 108 are electrically connected to a controller. In this embodiment, the controller uses a 32-bit single-chip microcomputer.

[0026] When the tester takes soil samples, the distribution mechanism 600 can transmit the power of the main motor 107 to the pitch-changing transmission mechanism 300, drive the soil sampling drill 103 to rotate through the pitch-changing transmission mechanism 300, and then drill the soil sampling drill 103 into the ground, making it easier to take soil samples. After the tester pulls out the soil sampling drill 103 and the soil sample inside it, first use the distribution mechanism 600 to transmit the power of the main motor 107 from the pitch-changing transmission mechanism 300 to the lead screw lifting mechanism 200, retract the soil sampling drill 103 into the housing 101 through the lead screw lifting mechanism 200, and then use the distribution mechanism 600 to transmit the power of the main motor 107 from the lead screw lifting mechanism 200 to the swing block mechanism 500, move the collection box 106 from the side of the housing 101 to the bottom of the housing 101 through the swing block mechanism 500, and then use the distribution mechanism 600 to transmit the power of the main motor 107 from the swing block mechanism 500 to the screw telescopic mechanism 400, and then drive the earth-pushing head 105 to eject the soil sample in the soil sampling drill 103 into the collection box 106, which can conveniently complete the work of taking out the soil sample from the soil sampling drill 103 and collecting the soil sample, reducing the labor intensity of the tester. Before the tester takes a sample at the next point, use the distribution mechanism 600 to move the collection box 106 from the bottom of the housing 101 to the side of the housing 101, retract the earth-pushing head 105 into the soil sampling drill 103, and extend the soil sampling drill 103 out of the housing 101, which can conveniently complete the preparatory work before the next sampling, facilitating the repeated operations of the tester during sampling in a sampling unit.

[0027] As Figure 5 shown, the distribution mechanism 600 includes a main shaft 601, and the main shaft 601 is driven by the main motor 107. In this embodiment, the main motor 107 is fixed inside the housing 101, and the main motor 107 drives the main shaft 601 through a bevel gear set 602. The bevel gear set 602 is arranged inside the housing 101, and the main shaft 601 is rotatably arranged inside the housing 101. Four pairs of clutches are arranged on the main shaft 601, namely a lifting clutch 603, a pitch-changing clutch 604, a telescopic clutch 605, and a collection clutch 606.

[0028] As Figure 5 - 7As shown in the figure, each pair of clutches includes an input clutch pressure plate 607 and an output clutch pressure plate 608. In this embodiment, the clutch adopts a friction plate clutch, and power is transmitted through the friction plates on the clutch pressure plates. In this embodiment, friction plates are provided on both the input clutch pressure plate 607 and the output clutch pressure plate 608. Each input clutch pressure plate 607 is fixed on the main shaft 601, and each output clutch pressure plate 608 is sleeved on the main shaft 601. Each output clutch pressure plate 608 is rotatably arranged on a dial. There are four dials in total, namely the lifting dial 609, the pitch-changing dial 610, the telescopic dial 611, and the collecting dial 612. That is, an output clutch pressure plate 608 is rotatably arranged on each of the lifting dial 609, the pitch-changing dial 610, the telescopic dial 611, and the collecting dial 612. The dials are arranged to be lifted and lowered within the housing 101.

[0029] As Figure 5 shown in the figure, four transmission shafts are rotatably arranged within the housing 101, namely the lifting transmission shaft 613, the pitch-changing transmission shaft 614, the telescopic transmission shaft 615, and the collecting transmission shaft 616. The lifting transmission shaft 613 corresponds to the lifting clutch 603, the pitch-changing transmission shaft 614 corresponds to the pitch-changing clutch 604, the telescopic transmission shaft 615 corresponds to the telescopic clutch 605, and the collecting transmission shaft 616 corresponds to the collecting clutch 606. The lifting transmission shaft 613 can drive the lead screw lifting mechanism 200, the pitch-changing transmission shaft 614 can drive the pitch-changing transmission mechanism 300, the telescopic transmission shaft 615 can drive the screw telescopic mechanism 400, and the collecting transmission shaft 616 can drive the rocker mechanism 500.

[0030] As Figure 5 - 7 shown in the figure, a lengthened gear 617 is coaxially fixed on each transmission shaft. The lengthened gear 617 has a longer axial length compared to an ordinary gear. There are four lengthened gears 617 in total. Each lengthened gear 617 is meshed with a transmission gear 618. The transmission gear 618 is coaxially fixed with the output clutch pressure plate 608. The transmission gear 618 can slide along the lengthened gear 617, so that the transmission gear 618 can remain meshed with the lengthened gear 617 at the positions where the corresponding clutch is engaged or disengaged.

[0031] After the lifting clutch 603 is engaged, power can be transmitted from the main shaft 601 to the lifting transmission shaft 613. After the pitch-changing clutch 604 is engaged, power can be transmitted from the main shaft 601 to the pitch-changing transmission shaft 614. After the telescopic clutch 605 is engaged, power can be transmitted from the main shaft 601 to the telescopic transmission shaft 615. After the collecting clutch 606 is engaged, power can be transmitted from the main shaft 601 to the collecting transmission shaft 616.

[0032] The lowering of the dial can drive the output clutch pressure plate 608 to lower, thereby causing the output clutch pressure plate 608 to press against the input clutch pressure plate 607. The rotation of the main shaft 601 can drive the input clutch pressure plate 607 to rotate. After the output clutch pressure plate 608 presses against the input clutch pressure plate 607, the rotation of the input clutch pressure plate 607 can drive the output clutch pressure plate 608 to rotate, thereby driving the transmission gear 618 to rotate, and further driving the extended gear 617 to rotate, thus driving the transmission shaft where the extended gear 617 is located to rotate. That is, the lowering of the dial engages the clutch, and the power is transmitted from the main shaft 601 to the transmission shaft corresponding to the clutch. The rising of the dial can drive the output clutch pressure plate 608 to rise, thereby driving the output clutch pressure plate 608 away from the input clutch pressure plate 607, and the power of the output clutch pressure plate 608 is cut off.

[0033] The lowering of the lifting dial 609 can drive the lifting clutch 603 to engage, thereby enabling the power to be transmitted from the main shaft 601 to the lifting transmission shaft 613, thus driving the lead screw lifting mechanism 200. The lowering of the variable pitch dial 610 can drive the variable pitch clutch 604 to engage, thereby enabling the power to be transmitted from the main shaft 601 to the variable pitch transmission shaft 614, thus driving the variable pitch transmission mechanism 300. The lowering of the telescopic dial 611 can drive the telescopic clutch 605 to engage, thereby enabling the power to be transmitted from the main shaft 601 to the telescopic transmission shaft 615, thus driving the screw telescopic mechanism 400. The lowering of the collection dial 612 can drive the collection clutch 606 to engage, thereby enabling the power to be transmitted from the main shaft 601 to the collection transmission shaft 616, thus driving the swing block mechanism 500.

[0034] By controlling the lifting of the dial, the engagement or separation of the clutch is controlled, and thus the power transmission route is controlled, which facilitates driving the movements of the lead screw lifting mechanism 200, the variable pitch transmission mechanism 300, the screw telescopic mechanism 400, and the swing block mechanism 500 by a main motor 107.

[0035] As Figure 8 shown, an intermediate bracket 619 is fixed inside the housing 101. The intermediate bracket 619 is arranged in the middle of the housing 101. The lifting transmission shaft 613 and the collection transmission shaft 616 are rotatably arranged between the intermediate bracket 619 and the bottom of the housing 101. The lifting transmission shaft 613 and the collection transmission shaft 616 are respectively fixed on both sides of the main shaft 601. The telescopic transmission shaft 615 and the variable pitch transmission shaft 614 are rotatably arranged between the intermediate bracket 619 and the top of the housing 101. The telescopic transmission shaft 615 and the variable pitch transmission shaft 614 are respectively arranged on both sides of the main shaft 601.

[0036] The arrangement of the intermediate bracket 619 enables the four transmission shafts to be arranged on both sides of the main shaft 601, saving the internal space of the housing 101.

[0037] As Figure 7 - 9As shown, the distribution mechanism 600 further includes a cylindrical cam 620, which is driven by a control motor 108. In this embodiment, the control motor 108 is fixed within the housing 101, and the output shaft of the control motor 108 is fixed with the cylindrical cam 620. The cylindrical cam 620 is rotatably disposed within the housing 101. Four cam grooves 621 are formed on the cylindrical cam 620. A cam roller 622 is rotatably disposed on each dial (shown in Figure 7 ). Each cam roller 622 is capable of rolling within a cam groove 621. Each cam groove 621 includes a rising groove 623, an engaging groove 624, a falling groove 625, and a separating groove 626. The sum of the cam angles corresponding to the rising groove 623, the engaging groove 624, and the falling groove 625 of each cam groove 621 is 90°. The starting points of the separating grooves 626 of the four cam grooves 621 are staggered by 90° in sequence in the end face direction of the cylindrical cam 620. The ending points of the separating grooves 626 of the four cam grooves 621 are staggered by 90° in sequence in the end face direction of the cylindrical cam 620.

[0038] When the cam roller 622 of the lifting dial 609 is in the engaging groove 624 of the cam groove 621, the lifting clutch 603 engages, and other clutches disengage. When the cam roller 622 of the pitch-changing dial 610 is in the engaging groove 624 of the cam groove 621, the pitch-changing clutch 604 engages, and other clutches disengage. When the cam roller 622 of the telescopic dial 611 is in the engaging groove 624 of the cam groove 621, the telescopic clutch 605 engages, and other clutches disengage. When the cam roller 622 of the collecting dial 612 is in the engaging groove 624 of the cam groove 621, the collecting clutch 606 engages, and other clutches disengage.

[0039] The control motor 108 can drive the cylindrical cam 620 to rotate, thereby driving the synchronous rotation of the four cam grooves 621, causing relative movement between each cam roller 622 and the corresponding cam groove 621. When a cam roller 622 rolls within the separating groove 626 of the cam groove 621, the corresponding dial rises to the limit position, and the corresponding clutch disengages. When a cam roller 622 rolls within the falling groove 625 of the cam groove 621, the corresponding dial starts to descend, and the other cam rollers 622 are in the separating groove 626, and the other dials rise to the limit position. When a cam roller 622 rolls within the engaging groove 624 of the cam groove 621, the corresponding dial descends to the limit position, and the corresponding clutch engages, and the other cam rollers 622 are in the separating groove 626, and the other dials rise to the limit position. When a cam roller 622 rolls within the rising groove 623 of the cam groove 621, the corresponding dial starts to rise, and the other cam rollers 622 are in the separating groove 626, and the other dials rise to the limit position.

[0040] By providing four cam grooves 621 on the cylindrical cam 620 and staggering the four cam grooves 621, when driving one dial to descend, the other dials can rise to the limit position. After one clutch is engaged, the other clutches can be disengaged, enabling the power on the main shaft 601 to drive only one set of mechanisms among the lead screw lifting mechanism 200, the pitch-changing transmission mechanism 300, the screw telescopic mechanism 400, or the swing block mechanism 500, facilitating the driving of the power distribution mechanism 600 and the control of the lead screw lifting mechanism 200, the pitch-changing transmission mechanism 300, the screw telescopic mechanism 400, and the swing block mechanism 500.

[0041] As Figure 3 、 10 shown, the lead screw lifting mechanism 200 includes a lifting lead screw 201, which is rotatably arranged in the housing 101. The lifting lead screw 201 is threadedly connected to a lifting table 202. In this embodiment, the lead angle of the lifting lead screw 201 is smaller than the friction angle, enabling the lead screw lifting mechanism 200 to have self-locking property, so that the earth drill 103 can be locked at any position. The lifting table 202 can slide along the guiding shaft 203, and the guiding shaft 203 is arranged in the housing 101. A drill pipe 204 is rotatably arranged below the lifting table 202, and an earth drill 103 is detachably fixed below the drill pipe 204.

[0042] As Figure 10 shown, a lifting output gear 205 is coaxially fixed on the lifting lead screw 201. The lifting output gear 205 is meshed with a lifting input gear 206, and the lifting input gear 206 is coaxially fixed on the lifting transmission shaft 613.

[0043] The rotation of the lifting transmission shaft 613 can drive the lifting input gear 206 to rotate, which in turn drives the lifting output gear 205 to rotate, further driving the lifting lead screw 201 to rotate, thereby driving the lifting table 202 to lift, and further driving the drill pipe 204 and the earth drill 103 to lift.

[0044] As Figure 3 、 10 、11 shown, the pitch-changing transmission mechanism 300 includes a rotary output gear 303, which is coaxially fixed on the drill pipe 204. The rotary output gear 303 is meshed with an intermediate gear 302, and the intermediate gear 302 is rotatably arranged on the lifting table 202. The intermediate gear 302 is meshed with a rotary input gear 301, and the rotary input gear 301 is rotatably arranged on the lifting table 202. The guiding shaft 203 is rotatably arranged in the housing 101. The cross-section of the guiding shaft 203 is square, and the rotary input gear 301 is sleeved on the guiding shaft 203. The rotation of the guiding shaft 203 can drive the rotary input gear 301 to rotate.

[0045] As Figure 10As shown, a rotating output pulley is coaxially fixed on the guiding shaft 203, and a rotating input pulley is coaxially fixed on the pitch-changing transmission shaft 614. The rotating input pulley is connected to the rotating output pulley through a rotating transmission belt 304.

[0046] The rotation of the pitch-changing transmission shaft 614 can drive the rotation of the rotating input pulley, and then drive the rotation of the rotating output pulley through the rotating transmission belt 304, and then drive the rotation of the guiding shaft 203, and then drive the rotation of the rotating input gear 301, and then drive the rotation of the intermediate gear 302, and then drive the rotation of the rotating output gear 303, and then drive the rotation of the drill pipe 204, so as to drive the rotation of the soil sampling drill 103.

[0047] As Figure 3 、 12 、13, 14, 15 shown, the screw telescopic mechanism 400 includes a fixed nut 401 (shown in Figure 15 ), the fixed nut 401 is fixed on the housing 101, the fixed nut 401 is threadedly connected with a threaded rod 402. In this embodiment, the lead angle of the threaded rod 402 is greater than the friction angle, so that the screw telescopic mechanism 400 does not have self-locking property, and further avoids the threaded rod 402 from being locked at any position, and further avoids the interference between the threaded rod 402 and the lifting of the soil sampling drill 103. A straight groove 403 is opened on the threaded rod 402 (shown in Figure 13 ), an auxiliary bracket 404 is fixed on the housing 101, a turntable 405 is rotatably arranged on the auxiliary bracket 404, the turntable 405 is sleeved on the threaded rod 402, a driving tooth 406 is fixed in the turntable 405, and the driving tooth 406 can slide along the straight groove 403 of the threaded rod 402. The bottom end of the threaded rod 402 is fixed with a soil pushing head 105 (shown in Figure 3 ), and the top end of the threaded rod 402 is detachably fixed with a limiting plate 408 (shown in Figure 14 ).

[0048] As Figure 10 、 12 shown, a telescopic output pulley is coaxially fixed on the turntable 405, a telescopic input pulley is coaxially fixed on the telescopic transmission shaft 615, and the telescopic input pulley is connected to the telescopic output pulley through a telescopic transmission belt 407.

[0049] The rotation of the telescopic transmission shaft 615 can drive the rotation of the telescopic input pulley, and then drive the rotation of the telescopic output pulley through the telescopic transmission belt 407, and then drive the rotation of the turntable 405, and then drive the rotation of the driving tooth 406, and then drive the rotation of the straight groove 403 of the threaded rod 402, and then drive the screw movement of the threaded rod 402, so as to drive the telescopic movement of the soil pushing head 105.

[0050] As Figure 15 - 17 shown, a worm gear 504 is coaxially fixed at the input end of the driving connecting rod 503 (shown inFigure 16 In the middle), the worm gear 504 is meshed and connected with a worm 505. The worm 505 has self-locking property. In this embodiment, the lead angle of the worm 505 is less than the friction angle, so that the worm 505 has self-locking property, enabling the collection box 106 to be locked in any position. The worm 505 is rotatably arranged on the middle bracket 619. The worm 505 is connected to the collection drive shaft 616 through a gear set 506, and the gear set 506 is arranged on the middle bracket 619.

[0051] The rotation of the collection drive shaft 616 can drive the worm 505 to rotate through the gear set 506, thereby driving the worm gear 504 to rotate, further driving the drive link 503 to rotate, further driving the collection box 106 to move, and further driving the slide rail 501 to rotate. When the worm gear 504 rotates forward, it drives the drive link 503 to rotate forward, which can drive the collection box 106 to move from the side of the housing 101 to the bottom of the housing 101. When the worm gear 504 rotates reversely, it drives the drive link 503 to rotate reversely, which can drive the collection box 106 to move from the bottom of the housing 101 to the side of the housing 101.

[0052] As Figure 18 shown, a drill bit rising button and a drill bit falling button are arranged on the housing 101. The drill bit rising button and the drill bit falling button are electrically connected to the controller. The drill bit rising button and the drill bit falling button can control the rotation of the cylindrical cam 620 to engage the lifting clutch 603. The drill bit rising and falling buttons can also control the forward or reverse rotation of the main motor 107.

[0053] Pressing the drill bit rising button can control the control motor 108 and the main motor 107 through the controller. The control motor 108 can drive the cylindrical cam 620 to rotate, so that the cam roller 622 of the lifting dial 609 enters the engagement groove 624 of the corresponding cam groove 621, thereby driving the lifting clutch 603 to engage, and further transmitting the power of the main motor 107 to the lead screw lifting mechanism 200. The controller makes the main motor 107 rotate forward, thereby driving the earth drill 103 to rise. Pressing the drill bit falling button can control the control motor 108 and the main motor 107 through the controller. The control motor 108 can drive the cylindrical cam 620 to rotate, so that the cam roller 622 of the lifting dial 609 enters the engagement groove 624 of the corresponding cam groove 621, thereby driving the lifting clutch 603 to engage, and further transmitting the power of the main motor 107 to the lead screw lifting mechanism 200. The controller makes the main motor 107 rotate reversely, thereby driving the earth drill 103 to descend.

[0054] As Figure 18 shown, a rotation button is arranged on the handle 102. The rotation button is electrically connected to the controller. The rotation button can control the rotation of the cylindrical cam 620 to engage the variable distance clutch 604. The rotation button can also control the rotation of the main motor 107.

[0055] Pressing the rotation button can control the control motor 108 and the main motor 107 through the controller. The control motor 108 can drive the cylindrical cam 620 to rotate, so that the cam roller 622 of the pitch-changing dial 610 enters the engagement groove 624 of the corresponding cam groove 621, thereby driving the pitch-changing clutch 604 to engage, and then transmitting the power of the main motor 107 to the pitch-changing transmission mechanism 300. The controller makes the main motor 107 rotate forward, thereby driving the earth drill 103 to rotate.

[0056] As Figure 18 shown, the housing 101 is provided with an extension button and a retraction button. The extension button and the retraction button are electrically connected to the controller. The extension button and the retraction button can control the rotation of the cylindrical cam 620 to engage the telescopic clutch 605. The extension button and the retraction button can also control the forward or reverse rotation of the main motor 107.

[0057] Pressing the extension button can control the control motor 108 and the main motor 107 through the controller. The control motor 108 can drive the cylindrical cam 620 to rotate, so that the cam roller 622 of the telescopic dial 611 enters the engagement groove 624 of the corresponding cam groove 621, thereby driving the telescopic clutch 605 to engage, and then transmitting the power of the main motor 107 to the screw telescopic mechanism 400. The controller makes the main motor 107 rotate forward, thereby driving the bulldozer blade 105 to extend. Pressing the retraction button can control the control motor 108 and the main motor 107 through the controller. The control motor 108 can drive the cylindrical cam 620 to rotate, so that the cam roller 622 of the telescopic dial 611 enters the engagement groove 624 of the corresponding cam groove 621, thereby driving the telescopic clutch 605 to engage, and then transmitting the power of the main motor 107 to the screw telescopic mechanism 400. The controller makes the main motor 107 rotate in reverse, thereby driving the bulldozer blade 105 to retract.

[0058] As Figure 18 shown, the housing 101 is provided with a box rising button and a box falling button. The box rising button and the box falling button can control the rotation of the cylindrical cam 620 to engage the collection clutch 606. The box rising button and the box falling button can also control the forward or reverse rotation of the main motor 107.

[0059] Pressing the box rising button can control the control motor 108 and the main motor 107 through the controller. The control motor 108 can drive the cylindrical cam 620 to rotate, so that the cam roller 622 of the collection dial 612 enters the engagement slot 624 of the corresponding cam slot 621, thereby driving the collection clutch 606 to engage, and then transmitting the power of the main motor 107 to the swing block mechanism 500. The controller makes the main motor 107 rotate forward, thereby driving the collection box 106 to move to the side of the housing 101. Pressing the box descending button can control the control motor 108 and the main motor 107 through the controller. The control motor 108 can drive the cylindrical cam 620 to rotate, so that the cam roller 622 of the collection dial 612 enters the engagement slot 624 of the corresponding cam slot 621, thereby driving the collection clutch 606 to engage, and then transmitting the power of the main motor 107 to the swing block mechanism 500. The controller makes the main motor 107 rotate in reverse, thereby driving the collection box 106 to move to the bottom surface of the housing 101.

[0060] As Figure 1 shown, for easy holding, an auxiliary handle 109 is fixed outside the housing 101.

[0061] Working process: When the tester takes soil samples, pressing the rotation button can control the control motor 108 and the main motor 107 through the controller. The control motor 108 can drive the cylindrical cam 620 to rotate, so that the cam roller 622 of the variable pitch dial 610 enters the engagement slot 624 of the corresponding cam slot 621, thereby driving the variable pitch clutch 604 to engage, and then transmitting the power of the main motor 107 to the variable pitch transmission mechanism 300. The controller makes the main motor 107 rotate forward, thereby driving the soil sampling drill 103 to rotate, and then drilling the soil sampling drill 103 into the ground.

[0062] After the tester pulls out the soil sampling drill 103 and the soil sample, pressing the drill rising button can control the control motor 108 and the main motor 107 through the controller. The control motor 108 can drive the cylindrical cam 620 to rotate, so that the cam roller 622 of the lifting dial 609 enters the engagement slot 624 of the corresponding cam slot 621, thereby driving the lifting clutch 603 to engage, and then transmitting the power of the main motor 107 from the variable pitch transmission mechanism 300 to the lead screw lifting mechanism 200. The controller makes the main motor 107 rotate forward, thereby driving the soil sampling drill 103 to rise.

[0063] After waiting for the soil sampling drill 103 to rise in place, the tester can control the control motor 108 and the main motor 107 through the controller by pressing the box lowering button. The control motor 108 can drive the cylindrical cam 620 to rotate, so that the cam roller 622 of the collection dial 612 enters the engagement groove 624 of the corresponding cam groove 621, thereby driving the collection clutch 606 to engage, and then transmitting the power of the main motor 107 from the screw telescopic mechanism to the swing block mechanism 500. The controller reverses the main motor 107, thereby driving the collection box 106 to move to the bottom surface of the housing 101.

[0064] After the collection box 106 moves in place, the tester can control the control motor 108 and the main motor 107 through the controller by pressing the extension button. The control motor 108 can drive the cylindrical cam 620 to rotate, so that the cam roller 622 of the telescopic dial 611 enters the engagement groove 624 of the corresponding cam groove 621, thereby driving the telescopic clutch 605 to engage, and then transmitting the power of the main motor 107 from the swing block mechanism 500 to the screw telescopic mechanism 400. The controller rotates the main motor 107 forward, thereby driving the earth-pushing head 105 to extend and push the soil sample in the soil sampling drill 103 into the collection box 106.

[0065] Before the tester takes a sample at the next point, the tester can control the control motor 108 and the main motor 107 through the controller by pressing the box rising button. The control motor 108 can drive the cylindrical cam 620 to rotate, so that the cam roller 622 of the collection dial 612 enters the engagement groove 624 of the corresponding cam groove 621, thereby driving the collection clutch 606 to engage, and then transmitting the power of the main motor 107 from the screw telescopic mechanism to the swing block mechanism 500. The controller rotates the main motor 107 forward, thereby driving the collection box 106 to move to the side surface of the housing 101.

[0066] After the collection box 106 moves in place, the tester can control the control motor 108 and the main motor 107 through the controller by pressing the retraction button. The control motor 108 can drive the cylindrical cam 620 to rotate, so that the cam roller 622 of the telescopic dial 611 enters the engagement groove 624 of the corresponding cam groove 621, thereby driving the telescopic clutch 605 to engage, and then transmitting the power of the main motor 107 from the swing block mechanism 500 to the screw telescopic mechanism 400. The controller reverses the main motor 107, thereby driving the earth-pushing head 105 to retract.

[0067] After waiting for the earth-moving head 105 to completely retract in place, pressing the drill bit lowering button can control the control motor 108 and the main motor 107 through the controller. The control motor 108 can drive the cylindrical cam 620 to rotate, so that the cam roller 622 of the lifting dial 609 enters the engagement groove 624 of the corresponding cam groove 621, thereby driving the lifting clutch 603 to engage, and then transmitting the power of the main motor 107 from the screw telescopic mechanism 400 to the screw lifting mechanism 200. The controller reverses the main motor 107, thereby driving the earth drill 103 to descend and extend outside the housing 101.

[0068] Using the distribution mechanism 600 to move the collection box 106 from the bottom surface of the housing 101 to the side surface of the housing 101, retracting the earth-moving head 105 into the earth drill 103, and extending the earth drill 103 outside the housing 101 can conveniently complete the preparatory work before sampling and facilitate the repeated operations of the inspection personnel during sampling in a sampling unit.

[0069] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A soil sampling device for grassland growth monitoring, characterized in that: It includes a housing (101) with a handle (102) fixed thereto. A lead screw lifting mechanism (200) and a variable pitch transmission mechanism (300) are arranged inside the housing (101). The lead screw lifting mechanism (200) can drive the earth drill (103) to lift. A drill bit outlet (104) is provided at the bottom surface of the housing (101). The lead screw lifting mechanism (200) has self-locking property. The variable pitch transmission mechanism (300) can drive the earth drill (103) to rotate. The earth drill (103) is arranged on the variable pitch transmission mechanism (300). A soil pushing head (105) is slidably arranged inside the earth drill (103). The soil pushing head (105) is driven by a screw telescopic mechanism (400). The screw telescopic mechanism (400) is arranged on the housing (101). The screw telescopic mechanism (400) does not have self-locking property. A swing block mechanism (500) is arranged on the housing (101). The swing block mechanism (500) includes a slide rail (501). The slide rail (501) is rotatably arranged on an ear seat (502). The ear seat (502) is fixed on the housing (101) at the intersection of the bottom surface and the side surface of the housing (101). A collection box (106) is slidably arranged inside the slide rail (501). The output end of a driving link (503) is rotatably arranged on the collection box (106). The input end of the driving link (503) is rotatably arranged on the housing (101). The collection box (106) can move from the side surface of the housing (101) to the bottom surface of the housing (101). The collection box (106) can collect soil samples inside the earth drill (103). A main motor (107) and a control motor (108) are fixed inside the housing (101). The control motor (108) can drive a distribution mechanism (600). The distribution mechanism (600) can transmit the power of the main motor (107) to the lead screw lifting mechanism (200), the variable pitch transmission mechanism (300), the screw telescopic mechanism (400) or the driving link (503) of the swing block mechanism (500). The main motor (107) and the control motor (108) are electrically connected to a controller.

2. The soil sampling device for grassland growth monitoring according to claim 1, wherein: The distribution mechanism (600) includes a main shaft (601). The main shaft (601) is driven by the main motor (107). The main shaft (601) is rotatably arranged inside the housing (101). Four pairs of clutches are arranged on the main shaft (601), namely a lifting clutch (603), a variable distance clutch (604), a telescopic clutch (605) and a collection clutch (606). Each pair of clutches includes an input clutch pressure plate (607) and an output clutch pressure plate (608). Each input clutch pressure plate (607) is fixed on the main shaft (601), and each output clutch pressure plate (608) is sleeved on the main shaft (601). Each output clutch pressure plate (608) is rotatably arranged on a dial. There are four dials in total, namely the lifting dial (609), the pitch-changing dial (610), the telescopic dial (611), and the collecting dial (612). That is, an output clutch pressure plate (608) is rotatably arranged on each of the lifting dial (609), the pitch-changing dial (610), the telescopic dial (611), and the collecting dial (612). The dials are arranged for lifting in the housing (101). Four transmission shafts are rotatably arranged in the housing (101), namely the lifting transmission shaft (613), the pitch-changing transmission shaft (614), the telescopic transmission shaft (615), and the collecting transmission shaft (616). The lifting transmission shaft (613) corresponds to the lifting clutch (603), the pitch-changing transmission shaft (614) corresponds to the pitch-changing clutch (604), the telescopic transmission shaft (615) corresponds to the telescopic clutch (605), and the collecting transmission shaft (616) corresponds to the collecting clutch (606). The lifting transmission shaft (613) can drive the lead screw lifting mechanism (200), the pitch-changing transmission shaft (614) can drive the pitch-changing transmission mechanism (300), the telescopic clutch (605) can drive the screw telescopic mechanism (400), and the collecting clutch (606) can drive the swing block mechanism (500). A lengthened gear (617) is coaxially fixed on each transmission shaft. There are four lengthened gears (617) in total. Each lengthened gear (617) is meshed and connected with a transmission gear (618). The transmission gear (618) is coaxially fixed with the output clutch pressure plate (608), and the transmission gear (618) can slide along the lengthened gear (617). After the lifting clutch (603) is engaged, power can be transmitted from the main shaft (601) to the lifting transmission shaft (613). After the pitch-changing clutch (604) is engaged, power can be transmitted from the main shaft (601) to the pitch-changing transmission shaft (614). After the telescopic clutch (605) is engaged, power can be transmitted from the main shaft (601) to the telescopic transmission shaft (615). After the collecting clutch (606) is engaged, power can be transmitted from the main shaft (601) to the collecting transmission shaft (616).

3. The soil sampling device for grassland growth monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that: An intermediate bracket (619) is fixed in the housing (101). The intermediate bracket (619) is arranged in the middle of the housing (101). The lifting transmission shaft (613) and the collecting transmission shaft (616) are rotatably arranged between the intermediate bracket (619) and the bottom of the housing (101). The lifting transmission shaft (613) and the collecting transmission shaft (616) are respectively fixed on both sides of the main shaft (601). The telescopic transmission shaft (615) and the pitch-changing transmission shaft (614) are rotatably arranged between the intermediate bracket (619) and the top of the housing (101). The telescopic transmission shaft (615) and the pitch-changing transmission shaft (614) are respectively arranged on both sides of the main shaft (601).

4. The soil sampling device for grassland growth monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distribution mechanism (600) further includes a cylindrical cam (620). The cylindrical cam (620) is driven by a control motor (108). The cylindrical cam (620) is rotatably arranged in a housing (101). Four cam grooves (621) are formed in the cylindrical cam (620). A cam roller (622) is rotatably arranged on each dial. Each cam roller (622) can roll in a cam groove (621). Each cam groove (621) includes a rising groove (623), an engaging groove (624), a falling groove (625) and a separating groove (626). The sum of the cam angles corresponding to the rising groove (623), the engaging groove (624) and the falling groove (625) of each cam groove (621) is 90°. The starting points of the separating grooves (626) of the four cam grooves (621) are staggered by 90° in sequence in the end face direction of the cylindrical cam (620). The ending points of the separating grooves (626) of the four cam grooves (621) are staggered by 90° in sequence in the end face direction of the cylindrical cam (620). When the cam roller (622) of the lifting dial (609) is in the engaging groove (624) of the cam groove (621), the lifting clutch (603) engages and other clutches disengage. When the cam roller (622) of the pitch-changing dial (610) is in the engaging groove (624) of the cam groove (621), the pitch-changing clutch (604) engages and other clutches disengage. When the cam roller (622) of the telescopic dial (611) is in the engaging groove (624) of the cam groove (621), the telescopic clutch (605) engages and other clutches disengage. When the cam roller (622) of the collecting dial (612) is in the engaging groove (624) of the cam groove (621), the collecting clutch (606) engages and other clutches disengage.

5. The soil sampling device for grassland growth monitoring according to claim 3, wherein: The screw-lifting mechanism (200) includes a lifting screw (201). The lifting screw (201) is rotatably arranged in the housing (101). The lifting screw (201) is threadedly connected with a lifting table (202). The lifting table (202) is slidably arranged on a guiding shaft (203). The guiding shaft (203) is arranged in the housing (101). A drill pipe (204) is rotatably arranged under the lifting table (202). A soil sampler (103) is detachably fixed under the drill pipe (204). A lifting output gear (205) is coaxially fixed on the lifting screw (201). The lifting output gear (205) is meshed with a lifting input gear (206). The lifting input gear (206) is coaxially fixed on a lifting transmission shaft (613).

6. The soil sampling device for grassland growth monitoring according to claim 5, wherein: The variable pitch transmission mechanism (300) includes a rotating output gear (303), which is coaxially fixed on the drill pipe (204). The rotating output gear (303) is meshed and connected with an intermediate gear (302). The intermediate gear (302) is rotatably arranged on the lifting platform (202). The intermediate gear (302) is meshed and connected with a rotating input gear (301). The rotating input gear (301) is rotatably arranged on the lifting platform (202). The guide shaft (203) is rotatably arranged in the housing (101). The cross-section of the guide shaft (203) is square. The rotating input gear (301) is sleeved on the guide shaft (203). The rotation of the guide shaft (203) can drive the rotating input gear (301) to rotate; A rotating output pulley is coaxially fixed on the guide shaft (203), and a rotating input pulley is coaxially fixed on the variable pitch transmission shaft (614). The rotating input pulley is connected to the rotating output pulley through a rotating transmission belt (304).

7. The soil sampling device for grassland growth monitoring according to claim 3, wherein: The screw telescopic mechanism (400) includes a fixed nut (401), which is fixed on the housing (101). The fixed nut (401) is threadedly connected with a threaded rod (402). A straight groove (403) is formed on the threaded rod (402). An auxiliary bracket (404) is fixed on the housing (101). A turntable (405) is rotatably arranged on the auxiliary bracket (404). The turntable (405) is sleeved on the threaded rod (402). A driving tooth (406) is fixed in the turntable (405). The driving tooth (406) can slide along the straight groove (403) of the threaded rod (402). A bulldozing head (105) is fixed at the bottom end of the threaded rod (402). A limiting plate (408) is detachably fixed at the top end of the threaded rod (402); A telescopic output pulley is coaxially fixed on the turntable (405), and a telescopic input pulley is coaxially fixed on the telescopic transmission shaft (615). The telescopic input pulley is connected to the telescopic output pulley through a telescopic transmission belt (407).

8. The soil sampling device for grassland growth monitoring according to claim 3, wherein: A worm gear (504) is coaxially fixed at the input end of the driving connecting rod (503). The worm gear (504) is meshed and connected with a worm (505). The worm (505) has self-locking property. The worm (505) is rotatably arranged on the intermediate bracket (619). The worm (505) is connected to the collecting transmission shaft (616) through a gear set (506). The gear set (506) is arranged on the intermediate bracket (619).

9. The soil sampling device for grassland growth monitoring according to claim 4, characterized in that: A drill bit rising button and a drill bit falling button are arranged on the housing (101). The drill bit rising button and the drill bit falling button are electrically connected to the controller. The drill bit rising button and the drill bit falling button can control the rotation of the cylindrical cam (620) to engage the lifting clutch (603). The drill bit rising and falling buttons can also control the forward or reverse rotation of the main motor (107); A rotation button is arranged on the handle (102). The rotation button is electrically connected to the controller. The rotation button can control the rotation of the cylindrical cam (620) to engage the variable distance clutch (604). The rotation button can also control the rotation of the main motor (107); The housing (101) is provided with an extension button and a retraction button. The extension button and the retraction button are electrically connected to a controller. The extension button and the retraction button can control the rotation of the cylindrical cam (620) to engage the telescopic clutch (605). The extension button and the retraction button can also control the forward or reverse rotation of the main motor (107); The housing (101) is provided with a cassette up button and a cassette down button. The cassette up button and the cassette down button can control the rotation of the cylindrical cam (620) to engage the collection clutch (606). The cassette up button and the cassette down button can also control the forward or reverse rotation of the main motor (107).

10. A soil sampling device for grassland growth monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: An auxiliary handle (109) is fixed outside the housing (101).

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