Device and method for measuring diffusion coefficient of rock soil

Abstract

The invention provides a rock-soil diffusion coefficient measuring device and a rock-soil diffusion coefficient measuring method, which are used for solving the technical problem of low measuring precision caused by large disturbance in the existing rock-soil diffusion coefficient measuring process. Comprising a measuring sleeve for placing to-be-measured soil and a hole opening assembly for forming a measuring hole in the soil in the measuring sleeve, the trepanning assembly comprises a first support, a drilling mechanism and a reaming mechanism, the drilling mechanism and the reaming mechanism are arranged on the first support, one end of the measuring sleeve is sealed, and when soil to be measured is trepanned, the sealed end of the measuring sleeve is fixed to the top end of the first support, and the opened end of the measuring sleeve is located above the drilling mechanism and the reaming mechanism. According to the soil diffusion coefficient measuring device, the measuring sleeve is inverted, a plurality of measuring holes with different depths are formed in soil through the drilling and reaming mechanism, the soil diffusion coefficient is measured through self-diffusion of a tracer solution, disturbance to an original sample in the hole opening measuring process is small, and the measuring precision is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of geotechnical parameter determination, and in particular to an apparatus and method for determining the diffusion coefficient of geotechnical materials. Background Art

[0002] The determination of the diffusion coefficient of geotechnical materials can help us better understand the process of mass transfer in soil. It is a key parameter characterizing the migration ability of gases, liquids or solutes in soil media, and its accurate determination is of great significance in the fields of environmental pollution remediation, agricultural ecosystem research, groundwater resource protection and carbon emission assessment. At present, the methods for determining the soil diffusion coefficient are mainly divided into three categories: laboratory simulation, field monitoring and numerical calculation.

[0003] The field monitoring method uses in-situ monitoring techniques (such as gas probe method, tracer tracking method) to invert the diffusion coefficient by monitoring the concentration change of the target substance in the soil profile. Although it reduces sample disturbance, it is greatly interfered by environmental factors (such as wind speed, groundwater flow), and the data stability is poor. For example, the tracer method requires long-term monitoring of the evolution of the concentration field, has insufficient resolution in heterogeneous soil, and may introduce the risk of secondary pollution. Therefore, the laboratory determination method is widely used. The laboratory determination method is based on the steady-state or transient diffusion experiment of Fick's law. Such methods calculate the diffusion coefficient by controlling the boundary conditions. However, laboratory determination requires the collection of undisturbed soil samples, and it is easy to damage the soil pore structure during transportation, sample preparation and the opening of the measurement hole, resulting in data deviating from the actual value. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for determining the diffusion coefficient of geotechnical materials, which is used to solve the technical problem of low measurement accuracy caused by large disturbance in the existing determination process of the geotechnical diffusion coefficient.

[0005] An apparatus for determining the diffusion coefficient of geotechnical materials includes a measurement sleeve for placing the soil to be measured, and an opening component for opening a measurement hole in the soil in the measurement sleeve;

[0006] The opening component includes a first support, and a drilling mechanism and a hole enlarging mechanism arranged on the first support. One end of the measurement sleeve is sealed. When opening a hole in the soil to be measured, the sealed end of the measurement sleeve is fixed at the top of the first support, and the open end is located above the drilling mechanism and the hole enlarging mechanism.

[0007] Optionally, the opening component further includes a stepped circular ring plate installed on the first support;

[0008] A circular mounting plate is provided on the stepped circular ring plate. An annular groove is formed on the bottom end surface of the circular mounting plate. The annular groove is rotatably sleeved on the annular step of the stepped circular ring plate. A first lifting module and a second lifting module that lift in the vertical direction are mounted on the circular mounting plate. The drilling mechanism and the hole expanding mechanism are respectively mounted on the telescopic ends of the first lifting module and the second lifting module.

[0009] Optionally, an annular toothed plate is mounted on the side wall of the circular mounting plate;

[0010] A driving motor is mounted on the side wall of the stepped circular ring plate. A gear is mounted on the power output end of the driving motor. The gear is in meshing transmission with the annular toothed plate.

[0011] Optionally, the drilling mechanism includes a first mounting plate and a plurality of drill bit modules with different drilling depths. The plurality of drill bit modules are arranged in an annular array along the axis of the circular mounting plate on the first mounting plate;

[0012] The hole expanding mechanism includes a second mounting plate and a plurality of hole expanding sleeves with different lengths. The plurality of hole expanding sleeves with closed bottoms are arranged in an annular array along the axis of the circular mounting plate on the first mounting plate. A first circumferential cutting edge is provided at the top end of the hole expanding sleeve;

[0013] The first mounting plate and the second mounting plate are sleeved with each other. The number of the drill bit modules and the hole expanding sleeves is the same, and they are arranged alternately in the same annular line.

[0014] Optionally, a first connecting rod is mounted on the outer bottom surface of the measuring sleeve. The other end of the first connecting rod is mounted with a first slider. A first magnet is embedded in one side wall of the first slider;

[0015] When the measuring sleeve is filled with the soil to be measured, a sleeve cover is mounted at the open end of the measuring sleeve. A circular through hole is formed on the end surface of the sleeve cover. The diameter of the circular through hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the measuring sleeve.

[0016] Optionally, a first sliding groove with one end open is provided at the top of the first bracket. The first slider slides along the first sliding groove;

[0017] A second magnet is mounted at the other end of the first sliding groove. When the second magnet adsorbs with the first magnet, the axis of the measuring sleeve is the same as the axis of the circular mounting plate.

[0018] Optionally, it further includes a measuring component. The measuring component includes a second bracket and a positioning rod. A support plate is mounted on the second bracket;

[0019] The support plate is provided with positioning holes adapted to the first slider. During the determination of the diffusion coefficient, the measuring sleeve is placed on the support plate with the opening facing upward, and a plurality of positioning rods are installed on the sleeve cover.

[0020] Optionally, the measuring assembly further includes a sleeve mounting plate, and a plurality of detection sleeves with closed bottoms are installed on the sleeve mounting plate. A plurality of detection sleeves with different lengths are arranged in a circular array.

[0021] The sleeve mounting plate is provided with a plurality of sliding holes adapted to the positioning rods. A plurality of water leakage holes are provided on the side wall and bottom surface of the detection sleeve. A filter membrane is sleeved on the bottom end surface and outer wall of the detection sleeve. During the determination of the diffusion coefficient, a tracer solution is arranged in each of the plurality of detection sleeves, and the plurality of detection sleeves are respectively inserted into a plurality of measurement holes.

[0022] Optionally, the measuring assembly further includes a sensor mounting plate, and a plurality of sensors are annularly and arrayedly installed on the sensor mounting plate.

[0023] During the determination of the diffusion coefficient, a plurality of sensors are respectively inserted into a plurality of detection sleeves, and the plurality of sensors are all in data communication with the detection host.

[0024] A method for determining the diffusion coefficient of rock and soil adopts the above-mentioned device for determining the diffusion coefficient of rock and soil. The specific steps are as follows:

[0025] S1: Pretreat the soil to be measured, put it into the measuring sleeve, and install the sleeve cover on the measuring sleeve. The soil to be measured is attached to the inner wall and bottom surface of the measuring sleeve.

[0026] S2: Fix the measuring sleeve to the hole-opening assembly, and use the hole-opening mechanism to open a plurality of measurement holes with different depths in the soil to be measured, and ream the holes through the reaming assembly.

[0027] S3: Place the measuring sleeve on the measuring assembly, respectively insert a plurality of detection sleeves into a plurality of measurement holes, and load a tracer solution into the detection sleeves.

[0028] S4: Collect the changes in the concentrations of a plurality of tracer solutions at intervals of △T until the concentration of the tracer solution is stable, calculate the diffusion coefficient of the soil through the concentration data of the tracer solution, and output it.

[0029] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0030] 1. In this application, the measuring sleeve is inverted, a plurality of measurement holes with different depths are opened in the soil through the drilling and reaming mechanisms, and the self-diffusion of the tracer solution is used to measure the diffusion coefficient of the soil. The disturbance to the original sample during the hole-opening and measurement process is small, and the measurement accuracy is high.

[0031] 2. Through two processes of drilling and reaming, this application improves the fitting degree between the measurement hole and the detection sleeve, avoiding the influence on the original structure of the sampling sample caused by the hole size when the detection sleeve is inserted.

[0032] 3. By setting measurement holes with different depths, this application avoids the factors that affect the experimental results due to the depth of the measurement holes.

[0033] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the present invention will be described to some extent in the subsequent specification, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the study of the following text, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained through the following specification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The drawings of the present invention are described as follows.

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram when the hole-opening component and the measurement sleeve of the present invention are assembled.

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first bracket, drilling mechanism, and reaming mechanism of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram when the measurement sleeve and the measurement component of the present invention start to be assembled.

[0038] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram when the measurement sleeve and the measurement component of the present invention are assembled.

[0039] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the measurement sleeve of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the measurement sleeve and the sleeve cover of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drilling mechanism and the reaming mechanism of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 8 It is a partial schematic structural diagram of the hole-opening component of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the stepped circular ring plate of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the circular mounting plate of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second bracket and the support plate of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 12 Schematic structural diagram of the sleeve mounting plate and the detection sleeve of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 13 Schematic structural diagram of the sensor mounting plate and the sensor of the present invention.

[0048] In the figure: 1 - measurement sleeve; 101 - first connecting rod; 102 - first slider; 103 - first magnet; 104 - sleeve cover; 105 - circular through hole; 106 - second annular cutting tool; 107 - annular boss; 108 - external thread section; 109 - anti - detachment pattern; 2 - hole - opening assembly; 201 - first bracket; 202 - stepped circular ring plate; 203 - circular mounting plate; 204 - annular groove; 205 - annular step; 206 - first lifting module; 207 - second lifting module; 208 - annular toothed plate; 209 - drive motor; 210 - gear; 211 - first mounting plate; 212 - drill bit module; 213 - second mounting plate; 214 - reaming sleeve; 215 - first circular cutting edge; 216 - first sliding groove; 217 - second magnet; 3 - measurement assembly; 301 - second bracket; 302 - positioning rod; 303 - support plate; 304 - sleeve mounting plate; 305 - detection sleeve; 306 - water leakage hole; 307 - sensor mounting plate; 308 - sensor; 309 - handle; 310 - sliding hole; 311 - positioning hole. Specific embodiments

[0049] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0050] Embodiment 1:

[0051] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, a device for measuring the diffusion coefficient of rock and soil includes a measurement sleeve 1 for placing the soil to be measured, and a hole - opening assembly 2 for opening measurement holes in the soil in the measurement sleeve 1;

[0052] The hole - opening assembly includes a first bracket 201, and a drilling mechanism and a reaming mechanism arranged on the first bracket 201. One end of the measurement sleeve 1 is sealed. When opening a hole in the soil to be measured, the sealed end of the measurement sleeve 1 is fixed to the top of the first bracket 201, and the open end is located above the drilling mechanism and the reaming mechanism. It also includes a measurement assembly 3.

[0053] In this embodiment, in the initial stage, the soil to be measured is pretreated, placed in the measurement sleeve 1, and the measurement sleeve 1 is installed at the top of the first bracket 201. Multiple holes with different depths are drilled through the drilling mechanism, and after reaming using the reaming assembly, the measurement sleeve 1 is separated from the first bracket 201 and placed on the measurement assembly 3 for measuring the diffusion coefficient.

[0054] As Figure 1 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, a first connecting rod 101 is installed on the outer bottom surface of the measuring sleeve 1, the other end of the first connecting rod 101 is installed with a first slider 102, and a first magnet 103 is embedded on one side wall of the first slider;

[0055] When the measuring sleeve 1 is filled with the soil to be measured, a sleeve cover 104 is installed at the open end of the measuring sleeve 1, a circular through hole 105 is opened on the end surface of the sleeve cover 104, and the diameter of the circular through hole 105 is smaller than the inner diameter of the measuring sleeve 1;

[0056] A second annular cutter 106 is arranged at the open end of the measuring sleeve 1, an annular boss 107 is arranged on the outer wall of the measuring sleeve 1, an external thread section 108 is arranged at the annular boss 107 near the open end, an internal thread is arranged on the inner wall of the top end of the sleeve cover 104, and the internal thread of the sleeve cover 104 is in threaded connection with the external thread section 108 on the annular boss 107 to realize the fixation of the sleeve cover 104.

[0057] In this embodiment, at the initial moment, the pre-treated soil to be detected is placed on the tray, the second annular cutter 106 at the front end of the measuring sleeve 1 cuts the periphery of the soil to be detected (the diameter of the sampled soil is larger than the inner diameter of the measuring sleeve 1), and after its top end fits with the bottom end of the measuring sleeve 1, the redundant soil at the front end is cut off, and the sleeve cover 104 is connected to the measuring sleeve 1, effectively preventing the soil from sliding out along the inner wall of the measuring sleeve 1. In this embodiment, an annular sealing ring is installed on the inner end surface of the sleeve cover 104, and when the sleeve cover 104 is installed on the measuring sleeve 1, the annular sealing ring abuts against the second annular cutter 106 at the front end of the measuring sleeve 1.

[0058] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a first chute 202 with one end open is arranged at the top of the first bracket 201, and the first slider 102 slides along the first chute 215;

[0059] A second magnet 216 is installed at the other end of the first chute 215. When the second magnet 216 adsorbs with the first magnet 103, the axis of the measuring sleeve 1 is the same as the axis of the circular mounting plate 203.

[0060] In this embodiment, after the measuring sleeve 1 is placed in the soil, the first slider 102 is pushed into the first chute 215. When the second magnet 216 adsorbs the first magnet 103, the fixing of the measuring sleeve 1 is completed. In this embodiment, an inclined groove is provided at the open end of the first chute 215 to facilitate the sliding into of the first chute 215. In this embodiment, the size of the measuring sleeve 1 is relatively small (φ150mm - φ200mm). By providing anti-slip patterns 109 on the annular boss 107, it can be manually placed into the first chute 215 by hand.

[0061] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown, the opening component 2 further includes a stepped ring plate 202 installed on the first bracket 201;

[0062] A circular mounting plate 203 is provided on the stepped ring plate 202. An annular groove 204 is opened on the bottom end surface of the circular mounting plate 203. The annular groove 204 is rotatably sleeved on the annular step 205 of the stepped ring plate 202. A first lifting module 206 and a second lifting module 207 that lift in the vertical direction are installed on the circular mounting plate 203. The drilling mechanism and the reaming mechanism are respectively installed on the telescopic ends of the first lifting module 206 and the second lifting module 207.

[0063] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown, an annular toothed plate 208 is installed on the side wall of the circular mounting plate 203. A driving motor 209 is installed on the side wall of the stepped ring plate 202. A gear 210 is installed on the power output end of the driving motor 209. The gear 210 is in meshing transmission with the annular toothed plate 208.

[0064] In this embodiment, when the measurement sleeve 1 is fixed to the top of the first bracket 201, first, the first lifting module 206 lifts the drilling mechanism to drill a plurality of measurement holes in the soil. After drilling is completed, the drilling mechanism resets. The drive motor 209 drives the drilling mechanism and the reaming mechanism to rotate forward by 60°, where: 60° is the rotation array angle between the drilling mechanism and the reaming mechanism. Then, the second lifting module 207 lifts the reaming mechanism to ream the plurality of drilled measurement holes. When reaming is completed, the reaming mechanism resets, and the drive motor 209 drives the drilling mechanism and the reaming mechanism to rotate forward and backward by 60° to return to the initial position. In this embodiment, by inverting the measurement sleeve 1 and the soil, during the drilling and reaming processes, the drilled and cut soil will not affect the original structure of the soil sample, resulting in high measurement accuracy. In this embodiment, in order to increase the rotation accuracy, a bearing can be added between the annular groove 204 and the annular step 205. In this embodiment, the first lifting module 206 and the second lifting module 207 are rotary cylinders, and three groups of each are selected and evenly distributed below the first mounting plate 211 and the second mounting plate 213.

[0065] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown, the drilling mechanism includes a first mounting plate 211 and a plurality of drill bit modules 212 with different drilling depths. The plurality of drill bit modules 212 are arranged in a circular array along the axis of the circular mounting plate 203 on the first mounting plate 211;

[0066] The reaming mechanism includes a second mounting plate 213 and a plurality of reaming sleeves 214 with different lengths. The plurality of reaming sleeves 214 with closed bottoms are arranged in a circular array along the axis of the circular mounting plate 203 on the first mounting plate 213. A first circumferential cutting edge 215 is provided at the top of the reaming sleeve 214;

[0067] The first mounting plate 211 and the second mounting plate 213 are sleeved with each other. The number of the drill bit modules 212 and the reaming sleeves 214 is the same, and they are arranged alternately in the same circular line.

[0068] In this embodiment, the number of drill bit modules 212 and reaming sleeves 214 is three each, and the rotation angle between the reaming sleeve 214 and the drill bit module 212 is 60°. The first mounting plate 211 is a circular plate with an avoidance hole for the second mounting plate 213 in the middle. The second mounting plate 213 is a triangular special-shaped plate, and the first mounting plate 211 and the second mounting plate 213 do not affect each other when jacking up. In this embodiment, by opening the measurement holes for length, it is convenient to analyze the influence of the length of the measurement holes on the experimental results, further improving the accuracy of the measurement. In this application, through two processes of drilling and reaming, the finally obtained measurement holes have a higher matching degree with the detection sleeve 305, avoiding the destruction of the original soil structure when the detection sleeve 305 is inserted due to too small holes, or affecting the diffusion of the tracer solution due to too large holes.

[0069] As Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown, the measurement assembly 3 includes a second bracket 301 and a positioning rod 302, and a support plate 303 is installed on the second bracket 301;

[0070] The support plate 303 is provided with positioning holes 311 adapted to the second magnet 216. During the measurement of the diffusion coefficient, the measurement sleeve 1 is placed on the support plate 303 with the opening facing upward, and a number of positioning rods 303 are installed on the sleeve cover 105.

[0071] In this embodiment, after the hole opening is completed, the first magnet 103 is separated from the second magnet 216 by an external force, and the second magnet 216 is inserted into the positioning hole 311 (the bottom end of the measurement sleeve 1 is in contact with the end face of the support plate 303). Two positioning rods 303 are installed on the sleeve cover 105. In this embodiment, two threaded holes are provided on the sleeve cover 105 and are arranged with a 180° rotation. The lower ends of the positioning rods 303 are provided with positioning external threads, and the positioning rods 303 are installed by screwing the positioning external threads with the threaded holes.

[0072] As Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown, the measurement assembly further includes a sleeve mounting plate 304, and a number of detection sleeves 305 with closed bottoms are installed on the sleeve mounting plate 304, and a number of detection sleeves 305 with different lengths are arranged in a circular array;

[0073] A plurality of sliding holes 310 adapted to the positioning rods 303 are formed in the sleeve mounting plate 304. A plurality of water leakage holes 306 are formed in the side wall and bottom surface of the detection sleeve 305. A filter membrane is sleeved on the bottom end surface and outer wall of the detection sleeve 305. When measuring the diffusion coefficient, a tracer solution is arranged in a plurality of detection sleeves 305, and a plurality of detection sleeves 305 are respectively inserted into a plurality of measurement holes.

[0074] In this embodiment, after the positioning rods 303 (the top ends of the positioning rods 303 are provided with guiding chamfers to facilitate the entry of the sliding holes 310) are installed, the sleeve mounting plate 304 is sleeved on the positioning rods 303 through the sliding holes 310. The sleeve mounting plate 304 slides down. Under the action of gravity, the three detection sleeves 305 are respectively inserted into the measurement holes adapted to their lengths. After the insertion is completed, a tracer solution with a certain concentration is added into the detection sleeves 305. In this embodiment, the tracer solution is selected as a CI-ion solution.

[0075] As Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown, the measuring assembly 3 further includes a sensor mounting plate 307, and a plurality of sensors 308 are annularly and arrayedly mounted on the sensor mounting plate 307;

[0076] When measuring the diffusion coefficient, a plurality of sensors 308 are respectively inserted into a plurality of detection sleeves 305, and a plurality of sensors 308 are all in data communication with the detection host.

[0077] In this embodiment, after the tracer solution is added into the detection sleeve 305, the sensors 308 are inserted into a plurality of detection sleeves 305, and the end surface of the sensor mounting plate 307 is attached to the opening of the detection sleeve 305. In this embodiment, in order to increase the sealing performance of the device, annular sealing rings are arranged between the detection sleeve 305 and the sensor mounting plate 307 and between the sleeve mounting plate 304 and the end surface of the sleeve cover 104. In this embodiment, after the end surface of the sensor mounting plate 307 is attached to the opening of the detection sleeve 305, heavy objects such as iron blocks can also be arranged on the sensor mounting plate 307 to increase the sealing performance between the plates. In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the taking and placing of the sensor mounting plate 307 and the sleeve mounting plate 304, handles 309 are also arranged on the top end surfaces of the sensor mounting plate 307 and the sleeve mounting plate 304. In this embodiment, the detection host is selected as a high-precision CI-ion detector.

[0078] Embodiment 2:

[0079] A method for measuring the diffusion coefficient of rock and soil, using the device for measuring the diffusion coefficient of rock and soil described in Embodiment 1, the specific steps are as follows:

[0080] S1: Pretreat the soil to be measured, place it into the measuring sleeve 1, and install the sleeve cover 104 onto the measuring sleeve 1, so that the soil to be measured fits against the inner wall and bottom surface of the measuring sleeve 1;

[0081] In this embodiment, before the experimental measurement, it is necessary to first perform saturated water pretreatment on the soil to be measured. After placing it into the measuring sleeve 1, cut off the excess soil at the upper end, and then install the sleeve cover 104 onto the measuring sleeve 1.

[0082] S2: Fix the measuring sleeve 1 to the hole-opening assembly, use the hole-opening mechanism to open a number of measuring holes with different depths in the soil to be measured, and ream the holes through the reaming assembly;

[0083] In this embodiment, 3 measuring holes with a depth difference of 2 cm in sequence are opened in the measuring sleeve 1, and the holes are reamed through the reaming assembly to adapt to the outer diameter of the detection sleeve 305.

[0084] S3: Place the measuring sleeve 1 onto the measuring assembly, insert a number of detection sleeves 305 into a number of detection holes respectively, and load tracer solution into the detection sleeves 305;

[0085] In this embodiment, when the sleeve mounting plate 304 fits against the end face of the sleeve cover 104, the detection sleeve 305 is completely inserted into the measuring hole. The tracer solution is selected as the CI-ion solution, and the tracer solution in the three detection sleeves 305 is added to the same horizontal height.

[0086] S4: Collect the changes in the concentrations of a number of tracer solutions at intervals of △T until the concentration of the tracer solution is stable, calculate the diffusion coefficient of the soil based on the tracer solution concentration data and output it.

[0087] In this embodiment, the diffusion module of Comsol is used for data fitting to fit the change curves of the tracer solution under different diffusion coefficients D. And according to the degree of coincidence between the measured change curve of the tracer solution and the fitting curve, the effective diffusion coefficient of the tracer solution is solved. In this embodiment, the change curves of the tracer solution in the three detection sleeves 305 are collected respectively to analyze the influence of the depth diffusion coefficient of the tracer.

[0088] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it is still possible to modify the specific implementation manners of the present invention or make equivalent replacements, and any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the diffusion coefficient of rock and soil, characterized in that, It includes a measurement sleeve (1) for placing the soil to be measured, and an opening component (2) for opening a measurement hole in the soil within the measurement sleeve (1); The opening component includes a first bracket (201), and a drilling mechanism and a hole expanding mechanism arranged on the first bracket (201). One end of the measurement sleeve (1) is sealed. When opening a hole in the soil to be measured, the sealed end of the measurement sleeve (1) is fixed to the top of the first bracket (201), and the open end is located above the drilling mechanism and the hole expanding mechanism.

2. The measuring device for the soil-rock diffusion coefficient according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening component further includes a stepped circular ring plate (202) installed on the first bracket (201); A circular mounting plate (203) is arranged on the stepped circular ring plate (202). An annular groove (204) is opened on the bottom end face of the circular mounting plate (203). The annular groove (204) is rotatably sleeved on the annular step (205) of the stepped circular ring plate (202). A first lifting module (206) and a second lifting module (207) that lift in the vertical direction are installed on the circular mounting plate (203). The drilling mechanism and the hole expanding mechanism are respectively installed on the telescopic ends of the first lifting module (206) and the second lifting module (207).

3. The measuring device for the soil-rock diffusion coefficient according to claim 2, characterized in that, An annular toothed plate (208) is installed on the side wall of the circular mounting plate (203); A driving motor (209) is installed on the side wall of the stepped circular ring plate (202). A gear (210) is installed on the power output end of the driving motor (209). The gear (210) is meshed with the annular toothed plate (208) for transmission.

4. The measuring device for the rock and soil diffusion coefficient according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drilling mechanism includes a first mounting plate (211), and several drill bit modules (212) with different drilling depths. The several drill bit modules (212) are arranged on the first mounting plate (211) in a circular array along the axis of the circular mounting plate (203); The hole expanding mechanism includes a second mounting plate (213), and several hole expanding sleeves (214) with different lengths. The several hole expanding sleeves (214) with sealed bottoms are arranged on the second mounting plate (213) in a circular array along the axis of the circular mounting plate (203). A first circumferential cutting edge (215) is arranged at the top end of the hole expanding sleeve (214); The first mounting plate (211) and the second mounting plate (213) are sleeved with each other. The number of the drill bit modules (212) and the hole expanding sleeves (214) is the same, and they are arranged alternately in the same circular line.

5. The measuring device for the rock and soil diffusion coefficient according to claim 4, characterized in that, A first connecting rod (101) is installed on the outer bottom surface of the measurement sleeve (1). The other end of the first connecting rod (101) is installed with a first slider (102). A first magnet (103) is embedded and installed on one side wall of the first slider; When the measurement sleeve (1) is filled with the soil to be measured, a sleeve cover (104) is installed at the open end of the measurement sleeve (1). A circular through hole (105) is opened on the end face of the sleeve cover (104). The diameter of the circular through hole (105) is smaller than the inner diameter of the measurement sleeve (1).

6. The measuring device for the soil-rock diffusion coefficient according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the first bracket (201) is provided with a first chute (216) with one end open, and the first slider (102) slides along the first chute (216). The other end of the first chute (216) is installed with a second magnet (217). When the second magnet (217) adsorbs with the first magnet (103), the axis of the measurement sleeve (1) is the same as the axis of the circular mounting plate (203).

7. The measuring device for the rock and soil diffusion coefficient according to claim 6, characterized in that, It further includes a measurement assembly (3), and the measurement assembly includes a second bracket (301) and a positioning rod (302), and a support plate (303) is installed on the second bracket (301). A positioning hole (311) adapted to the first slider (102) is formed on the support plate (303). During the measurement of the diffusion coefficient, the measurement sleeve (1) is placed on the support plate (303) with the opening facing upward, and a plurality of positioning rods (303) are installed on the sleeve cover (105).

8. The measuring device for the rock and soil diffusion coefficient according to claim 7, characterized in that, The measurement assembly (3) further includes a sleeve mounting plate (304), and a plurality of detection sleeves (305) with closed bottoms are installed on the sleeve mounting plate (304), and a plurality of detection sleeves (305) with different lengths are arranged in a circular array. A plurality of sliding holes (310) adapted to the positioning rods (303) are formed on the sleeve mounting plate (304), and a plurality of water leakage holes (306) are formed on the side wall and bottom surface of the detection sleeve (305). A filter membrane is sleeved on the bottom end surface and outer wall of the detection sleeve (305). During the measurement of the diffusion coefficient, a tracer solution is arranged in each of the plurality of detection sleeves (305), and the plurality of detection sleeves (305) are respectively inserted into a plurality of measurement holes.

9. The measuring device for the rock and soil diffusion coefficient according to claim 8, characterized in that, The measurement assembly (3) further includes a sensor mounting plate (307), and a plurality of sensors (308) are installed on the sensor mounting plate (307) in a circular array. During the measurement of the diffusion coefficient, the plurality of sensors (308) are respectively inserted into the plurality of detection sleeves (305), and the plurality of sensors (308) are all in data communication with the detection host.

10. A method for measuring the diffusion coefficient of rock and soil, characterized in that, When using the device for measuring the geotechnical diffusion coefficient according to any one of claims 1-9, the specific steps are as follows: S1: Pretreat the soil to be measured, put it into the measurement sleeve (1), and install the sleeve cover (104) on the measurement sleeve (1), so that the soil to be measured fits against the inner wall and bottom surface of the measurement sleeve (1). S2: Fix the measurement sleeve (1) to the hole-opening assembly, open a plurality of measurement holes with different depths on the soil to be measured through the hole-opening mechanism, and ream the holes through the reaming assembly. S3: Place the measurement sleeve (1) on the measurement assembly, insert the plurality of detection sleeves (305) into the plurality of measurement holes respectively, and load the tracer solution into the detection sleeves (305). S4: Collect the changes in the concentrations of the plurality of tracer solutions at intervals of △T until the concentration of the tracer solution is stable, calculate the diffusion coefficient of the soil based on the concentration data of the tracer solution and output it.

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