Power equipment partial discharge real-time monitoring and positioning device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of partial discharge monitoring, in particular to a power equipment partial discharge real-time monitoring and positioning device which comprises an ultrasonic sensor, a mounting shell, a magnetic attraction base, a driving assembly and a stabilizing assembly. The driving assembly drives the ultrasonic sensors to move from one end of the air pressure cavity to the other end of the air pressure cavity, and paths are not parallel to each other when the adjacent ultrasonic sensors move, and the driving assembly drives the two groups of ultrasonic sensors to generate two preset non-parallel displacement sections in the mounting shell, so that the symmetry plane between the two groups of sensors is changed; the distance between the sensor and the discharge position changes in different directions, secondary measurement and positioning are carried out on signals of the discharge point after displacement of the sensor, the effect of accurately positioning the discharge point which cannot be accurately positioned is achieved, and potential safety hazards caused by the fact that the discharge point cannot be accurately positioned due to transient generation of the discharge signal are prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of partial discharge monitoring, and specifically to a real-time monitoring and positioning device for partial discharge of power equipment. Background Art

[0002] In the operation and maintenance of power systems, partial discharge detection is a key means to evaluate the insulation status of high-voltage power equipment. Its core significance lies in timely detecting weak discharge phenomena caused by insulation defects inside the equipment, warning of potential insulation degradation trends, and preventing the development of serious insulation breakdown faults, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

[0003] In the acoustic positioning technology of partial discharge in power equipment, multiple ultrasonic sensors are usually used to receive ultrasonic signals generated by the discharge, and the spatial position of the discharge point is calculated by analyzing the time difference of the signals arriving at different sensors. However, when the partial discharge source is exactly near the symmetry plane of two sensors, that is, when the linear distance between the discharge point and these two sensors is similar, the path lengths of the ultrasonic signals propagating to these two sensors are almost the same, resulting in almost the same arrival time of the signals at these two sensors. At this time, the positioning algorithm cannot accurately locate which specific position on the symmetry plane of these two sensors the discharge signal originates from. In addition, sometimes only short-term discharges or intermittent discharges occur. If the discharge point cannot be accurately located and repaired during the discharge, it is easy to generate safety hazards. In the prior art, attempts have been made to alleviate the positioning ambiguity problem by increasing the number of sensors, optimizing the layout strategy, or introducing more complex multi-source information fusion algorithms. However, simply increasing the number of sensors will significantly increase the system cost and the complexity of installation and maintenance. Although optimizing the layout strategy can reduce some symmetric regions, neither of them can eliminate the problem of difficult positioning of partial discharge in the symmetry plane of two sensors. And for complex fusion algorithms when processing equidistant signals at symmetric points, due to the small difference in key time difference information, the improvement effect of their positioning accuracy is limited, and it may significantly increase the computational burden, making it difficult to meet the rapid response requirements of real-time online monitoring.

[0004] Therefore, a real-time monitoring and positioning device for partial discharge of power equipment is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a real-time monitoring and positioning device for partial discharge of power equipment, to solve the problem that when the partial discharge is in the symmetry plane of two groups of sensors, the position of the partial discharge cannot be accurately measured. When it is detected that the distance difference between two adjacent sensors is small, the driving component is used to control the two groups of sensors to perform two non-parallel displacements respectively, so as to change the time difference between the ultrasonic waves generated by the partial discharge position and the positions of the sensors, and thus re-measure the position of the partial discharge.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A real-time monitoring and positioning device for partial discharge of power equipment, comprising an ultrasonic sensor, a mounting housing, a magnetic base, a driving component and a stabilizing component; an air pressure chamber and an adjustment chamber are arranged in the inner cavity of the mounting housing, the air pressure chamber is connected with a micro air pump, and a pressure regulating plate is arranged between the air pressure chamber and the adjustment chamber; the ultrasonic sensor is arranged in the air pressure chamber and located at the end of the air pressure chamber; the magnetic base is connected with the mounting housing, and the mounting housing is mounted on the surface of the switch cabinet through the magnetic base; the driving component is arranged at both axial ends of the mounting housing, and the stabilizing component is arranged in the air pressure chamber and connected with the pressure regulating plate; the ultrasonic sensors are uniformly distributed on the surface of the switch cabinet, the driving component drives the ultrasonic sensor to displace from one end of the air pressure chamber to the other end, and the displacement routes of adjacent ultrasonic sensors are not parallel to each other.

[0007] It can be known that when a partial discharge signal is generated inside a power equipment such as a switch cabinet, since the ultrasonic sensor calculates the spatial position of the discharge point by analyzing the time difference of the signal reaching different sensors, when the discharge point is near the symmetry plane of two groups of sensors, since the time it takes to reach between the two groups of sensors is very close or even the same, at this time, the spatial position of the discharge point cannot be accurately known, and sometimes only short-term discharge or intermittent discharge will occur. If the discharge point is not located and repaired in time, it is easy to cause potential safety hazards. By driving two groups of ultrasonic sensors by the driving component to generate two preset non-parallel displacements inside the mounting housing, the symmetry plane between the two groups of sensors is changed, and the distances from the discharge position change in different directions. After the displacement of the two groups of ultrasonic sensors ends, the time difference of the ultrasonic signals can be recalculated to accurately obtain the spatial position of the discharge point.

[0008] Preferably, the ultrasonic sensors are uniformly arranged in vertical columns on the front, back, side and top surfaces of the switch cabinet, and the displacement routes of adjacent ultrasonic sensors in each column are not parallel to each other when displaced by the driving component.

[0009] In the above solution, the ultrasonic sensors are uniformly distributed on the surface of the switch cabinet in several vertical columns, so as to monitor the electrical equipment such as the switch cabinet in all directions. The preset displacement routes between adjacent ultrasonic sensors in each column are not parallel to each other. When the discharge point is generated between two adjacent groups of ultrasonic sensors in each column, the ultrasonic sensors can be driven by the driving component to displace and then accurately locate the discharge point.

[0010] Preferably, the ultrasonic sensor includes a main sensor and a secondary sensor, the main sensor and the secondary sensor are perpendicular to each other when displaced by the driving component, the main sensor and the secondary sensor are staggered in each column of ultrasonic sensors, and the main sensor and the secondary sensor are staggered between adjacent vertical columns of ultrasonic sensors.

[0011] In the above solution, the displacement routes of two adjacent groups of ultrasonic sensors in each column can be divided into the displacement routes of the main sensor and the secondary sensor. When the main sensor and the secondary sensor are driven to displace by the driving component, their routes are perpendicular and staggered. Moreover, the sensors in adjacent vertical columns are also staggered between the main sensor and the secondary sensor. Therefore, no matter when a discharge point is generated between the symmetry planes of any two adjacent groups of ultrasonic sensors, the symmetry plane between these two groups of ultrasonic sensors can be changed to the greatest extent, making it more convenient to calculate and locate the position of the discharge point through the displaced ultrasonic sensors.

[0012] Preferably, the driving component includes electromagnetic coils symmetrically arranged at both ends of the installation housing, and permanent magnets connected to the outer wall of the ultrasonic sensor.

[0013] In the above solution, the electromagnetic coils are installed at both axial ends of the installation housing, installed inside the wall of the installation housing, and the corresponding permanent magnets are provided. When the electromagnetic coils are energized, an electromagnetic force is generated to attract the permanent magnets. The permanent magnets drive the ultrasonic sensor to closely adhere to one end of the inner cavity of the installation housing, thereby driving the ultrasonic sensor to displace axially inside the installation housing, so that the ultrasonic sensor can perform further measurement and positioning after displacement.

[0014] Preferably, several groups of air flow grooves are provided on the end face of the ultrasonic sensor close to the pressure regulating plate. The air flow grooves penetrate through the ultrasonic sensor and are connected to the air pressure cavity, and a gas collecting groove is provided in the middle of the air flow grooves.

[0015] In the above solution, there is a certain degree of air pressure in the air pressure cavity. When the ultrasonic sensor displaces through the driving component, the air flow will penetrate through the air flow grooves and displace from one end of the air pressure cavity to the other end, maintaining the stability of the ultrasonic sensor during displacement. And after the ultrasonic sensor completes displacement, the gas at the gas collecting groove in the middle of its displacement will generate air pressure on the middle part of the ultrasonic sensor. The gas accumulated in the gas collecting groove makes the ultrasonic sensor closely adhere to the surface of the switch cabinet through the air pressure generated on the middle part of the ultrasonic sensor, and generates resistance to the inclination of the ultrasonic sensor, so as to ensure that the ultrasonic sensor is more perpendicular to the surface of the switch cabinet and closely adheres to the switch cabinet, increasing the measurement accuracy of the ultrasonic sensor and ensuring the stability of the connection between the ultrasonic sensor and the switch cabinet.

[0016] Preferably, the depth of the gas collecting groove is greater than the depths of both ends of the air flow grooves. The air flow grooves form a slope with gradually increasing depth from the end position of the ultrasonic sensor to the gas collecting groove, and the width of the air flow grooves gradually decreases from the end position of the ultrasonic sensor to the gas collecting groove.

[0017] In the above solution, the depth of the air collecting groove should be greater than the depths of the air flow grooves on both sides, so that there is more gas in the air collecting groove in the middle of the ultrasonic sensor than in the air flow grooves, making the air pressure received by the ultrasonic sensor more concentrated in the middle, thereby further promoting the stability of the monitoring of the ultrasonic sensor. And through the slope where the depth of the air flow groove gradually increases from the end position of the ultrasonic sensor to the air collecting groove, and ensuring that the gas remains relatively concentrated in the air collecting groove when the ultrasonic sensor is displaced by the driving component, the ultrasonic sensor will encounter greater resistance when there is a tendency to tilt, and the stability of the ultrasonic sensor during displacement is guaranteed.

[0018] Preferably, the stabilizing component includes a sliding block and an adjusting spring with two ends respectively connected to the sliding block and the adjusting plate.

[0019] Preferably, the stabilizing component further includes a sliding rod slidably connected to the sliding block. The sliding block is provided with a wedge-shaped surface near the ultrasonic sensor, and the permanent magnet has an arc-shaped surface on the side close to the sliding block.

[0020] In the above solution, when the driving component drives the ultrasonic sensor to displace, it will first cause one end of the permanent magnet to lose contact with the corresponding sliding block at one end. At this time, neither of the two sliding blocks is externally extruded, and the air in the air pressure chamber will exert pressure on the adjusting plate, causing the adjusting plate to have a short-distance displacement towards the adjusting cavity. At this time, the ultrasonic sensor reduces the pre-tightening force and friction force with the surface of the switch cabinet, making it more convenient for the ultrasonic sensor to displace to the other end. And after the displacement is completed, the permanent magnet continues to extrude the wedge-shaped surface of the sliding block at the other end, thereby driving the sliding block and the adjusting spring to restore the adjusting plate again. The adjusting plate will then exert pressure on the ultrasonic sensor again, increasing the tightness between the ultrasonic sensor and the surface of the switch cabinet, and ensuring the accuracy of ultrasonic signal monitoring.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. When there is a discharge point near the symmetry plane of the two sensors, the driving component is used to drive the two ultrasonic sensors to generate two preset non-parallel displacements in the installation housing, so that the symmetry plane between the two sensors changes, and the distances from the discharge position change in different directions. After the sensors are displaced, the signal of the discharge point is measured and positioned twice, achieving the effect of accurately positioning the discharge point that cannot be accurately positioned. And through the driving component, the ultrasonic sensor can be displaced after it cannot accurately measure, so as to quickly perform secondary positioning, preventing potential safety hazards caused by the short-term generation of discharge signals that cannot be accurately positioned.

[0022] 2. By arranging the distribution of ultrasonic sensors, when a discharge point near the symmetry plane of two groups of sensors appears, the adjacent two groups of ultrasonic sensors perform perpendicular displacement through the driving assembly. By vertically staggering the main sensors and the secondary sensors, and staggering the distribution of each adjacent vertical column, the problem that the discharge points that cannot be accurately located still cannot be accurately located after secondary positioning is avoided as much as possible. When the main sensor and the secondary sensor move perpendicularly, the symmetry plane between them changes, which is more convenient for comparing with the initial positioning data, realizing the rapid calculation and positioning of the discharge point, and further accurately positioning the position of the discharge point.

[0023] 3. By setting the air pressure chamber, the ultrasonic sensor is affected by the air flow groove and the air collecting groove, generating resistance to the inclination of the ultrasonic sensor, making the ultrasonic sensor closely adhere to the surface of the switch cabinet vertically when in the signal receiving state, thereby improving the accuracy of the ultrasonic sensor receiving signals. When the ultrasonic sensor is driven to displace through the driving assembly, the stabilizing assembly loses the limit of the permanent magnet. At this time, the adjusting plate will displace towards the adjusting chamber, reducing the pressure of the ultrasonic sensor on the surface of the switch cabinet and reducing the friction with the surface of the switch cabinet, so as to move more stably to the other end of the installation housing for secondary positioning. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the on-line monitoring and positioning device for partial discharge of power equipment; Figure 2 It is a side view of the overall structure of the on-line monitoring and positioning device for partial discharge of power equipment; Figure 3 It is a front view of the overall structure of the on-line monitoring and positioning device for partial discharge of power equipment; Figure 4 For the on-line monitoring and positioning device for partial discharge of power equipment Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram at position A; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the moving state of the ultrasonic sensor of the on-line monitoring and positioning device for partial discharge of power equipment; Figure 6 It is a side view of the internal structure of the installation housing of the on-line monitoring and positioning device for partial discharge of power equipment; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ultrasonic sensor of the on-line monitoring and positioning device for partial discharge of power equipment; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the movement of the ultrasonic sensor of the on-line monitoring and positioning device for partial discharge of power equipment.

[0025] In the figure: 1. Ultrasonic sensor; 2. Installation housing; 3. Magnetic absorption base; 4. Driving component; 5. Stabilizing component; 11. Main sensor; 12. Secondary sensor; 13. Air flow groove; 131. Air collection groove; 132. Slope; 21. Air pressure chamber; 22. Adjusting chamber; 23. Micro air pump; 24. Pressure regulating plate; 41. Electromagnetic coil; 42. Permanent magnet; 51. Slide block; 511. Wedge surface; 52. Adjusting spring; 53. Slide rod. Specific embodiments

[0026] To make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.

[0027] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without departing from the connotation of the present invention and without creative efforts. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 , the present invention provides the following technical solutions: As an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , it includes an ultrasonic sensor 1, an installation housing 2, a magnetic absorption base 3, a driving component 4 and a stabilizing component 5; an air pressure chamber 21 and an adjusting chamber 22 are arranged in the inner cavity of the installation housing 2, the air pressure chamber 21 is connected with a micro air pump 23, and a pressure regulating plate 24 is arranged between the air pressure chamber 21 and the adjusting chamber 22; the ultrasonic sensor 1 is arranged in the air pressure chamber 21 and is located at the end of the air pressure chamber 21; the magnetic absorption base 3 is connected with the installation housing 2, and the installation housing 2 is installed on the surface of the switch cabinet through the magnetic absorption base 3; the driving component 4 is arranged at both axial ends of the installation housing 2, and the stabilizing component 5 is arranged in the air pressure chamber 21 and is connected with the pressure regulating plate 24; the ultrasonic sensors 1 are evenly distributed on the surface of the switch cabinet, the driving component 4 drives the ultrasonic sensor 1 to displace from one end of the air pressure chamber 21 to the other end, and the displacement routes of adjacent ultrasonic sensors 1 are not parallel to each other. Through the cooperation of the ultrasonic sensor 1, the installation housing 2, the driving component 4 and the stabilizing component 5, the ultrasonic sensors 1 can be evenly distributed on the surface of the switch cabinet and accurately displaced, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the partial discharge point and avoiding the positioning error caused by the fixed position of the sensor.

[0029] As an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3, the ultrasonic sensors 1 are uniformly arranged in vertical columns on the front, back, side, and top surfaces of the switchgear. The displacement routes between adjacent ultrasonic sensors 1 in each column are not parallel to each other. In the above solution, the ultrasonic sensors 1 are evenly distributed on the surface of the switchgear in several groups of vertical columns, so as to monitor the electrical equipment such as switchgear in all directions. The preset displacement routes between adjacent ultrasonic sensors 1 in each column are not parallel to each other. When a discharge point occurs between two adjacent ultrasonic sensors 1 in each column, the ultrasonic sensors 1 can be driven by the driving component 4 to move, and then the discharge point can be accurately located. In this embodiment, the ultrasonic sensors 1 can be arranged at equal distances along the surface of the switchgear to further improve the uniformity of monitoring and the accuracy of positioning.

[0030] As an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the ultrasonic sensor 1 includes a main sensor 11 and a secondary sensor 12. When the main sensor 11 and the secondary sensor 12 are displaced by the driving component 4, they are perpendicular to each other. The main sensor 11 and the secondary sensor 12 in each column of ultrasonic sensors 1 are staggered. The main sensor 11 and the secondary sensor 12 between adjacent vertical columns of ultrasonic sensors 1 are also staggered. The displacement routes of two adjacent groups of ultrasonic sensors 1 in each column can be divided into the displacement routes of the main sensor 11 and the secondary sensor 12. The routes of the main sensor 11 and the secondary sensor 12 are perpendicular and staggered when they are driven by the driving component 4. And the main sensor 11 and the secondary sensor 12 are also staggered between adjacent vertical columns of sensors, so that no matter when a discharge point occurs between the symmetry planes of any two adjacent ultrasonic sensors 1, the symmetry plane between these two groups of ultrasonic sensors 1 can be changed to the greatest extent, so that it is more convenient to calculate and locate the position of the discharge point through the displaced ultrasonic sensors 1.

[0031] It should be noted that the distribution method of the ultrasonic sensors 1 of the present invention is not unique, and can be adaptively adjusted according to the actual size of the switchgear and the actual measurement range of the ultrasonic sensors 1. Multiple vertical columns or single vertical columns can be set on the front, back, side, and top surfaces of the switchgear.

[0032] As an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8, the driving component 4 includes electromagnetic coils 41 symmetrically arranged at both ends of the installation housing 2, and permanent magnets 42 connected to the outer wall of the ultrasonic sensor 1; in the above solution, the electromagnetic coils 41 are installed at both axial ends of the installation housing 2, installed in the housing wall of the installation housing 2, and the corresponding permanent magnets 42 are arranged. When the electromagnetic coils 41 are energized, an attractive force is generated on the permanent magnets 42 through electromagnetic force, and the permanent magnets 42 drive the ultrasonic sensor 1 to closely adhere to one end of the inner cavity of the installation housing 2, thereby driving the ultrasonic sensor 1 to generate displacement along the axis of the installation housing 2 inside the installation housing 2, so that the ultrasonic sensor 1 can perform further measurement and positioning after displacement.

[0033] As an implementation manner of the present invention, referring to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 , a plurality of groups of air flow grooves 13 are provided on the end face of the ultrasonic sensor 1 close to the pressure regulating plate 24. The air flow grooves 13 penetrate through the ultrasonic sensor 1 and are connected to the air pressure chamber 21. A gas collecting groove 131 is provided in the middle of the air flow grooves 13; there is a certain degree of air pressure in the air pressure chamber 21. When the ultrasonic sensor 1 is displaced by the driving component 4, air flow will penetrate through the air flow grooves 13 and displace from one end of the air pressure chamber 21 to the other end, maintaining the stability of the ultrasonic sensor 1 during displacement. And after the displacement of the ultrasonic sensor 1 is completed, the gas at the gas collecting groove 131 in the middle of its displacement will generate air pressure on the middle part of the ultrasonic sensor 1. The gas accumulated in the gas collecting groove 131 enables the ultrasonic sensor 1 to closely adhere to the surface of the switch cabinet through the air pressure generated on the middle part of the ultrasonic sensor 1, and generates resistance to the inclination of the ultrasonic sensor 1, thereby ensuring that the ultrasonic sensor 1 is more perpendicular to the surface of the switch cabinet and closely adheres to the switch cabinet, increasing the measurement accuracy of the ultrasonic sensor 1 and ensuring the stability of the connection between the ultrasonic sensor 1 and the switch cabinet.

[0034] As an implementation manner of the present invention, referring to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7, the depth of the air collecting groove 131 is greater than the depths at both ends of the air flow groove 13. The air flow groove 13 forms a slope 132 with a gradually increasing depth from the end position of the ultrasonic sensor 1 to the air collecting groove 131, and the width of the air flow groove 13 gradually decreases from the end position of the ultrasonic sensor 1 to the air collecting groove 131. The depth of the air collecting groove 131 should be greater than the depths of the air flow grooves 13 on both sides, so that there is more gas in the air collecting groove 131 in the middle of the ultrasonic sensor 1 than in the air flow grooves 13, making the air pressure received by the ultrasonic sensor 1 more concentrated in the middle, thereby further promoting the stability of the monitoring of the ultrasonic sensor 1. And through the slope 132 with a gradually increasing depth of the air flow groove 13 from the end position of the ultrasonic sensor 1 to the air collecting groove 131, and ensuring that the gas remains relatively concentrated in the air collecting groove 131 when the ultrasonic sensor 1 is displaced by the driving component 4, so that the ultrasonic sensor 1 receives greater resistance when there is a tendency of tilting movement, and the stability of the ultrasonic sensor 1 during displacement is guaranteed.

[0035] It should be noted that the connecting wire between the ultrasonic sensor 1 located in the installation housing 2 and the outside is provided with a displacement redundancy amount, and is sealed at the connection with the installation housing 2 by the prior art.

[0036] As an implementation manner of the present invention, referring to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the stabilizing component 5 includes a sliding block 51 and an adjusting spring 52 with both ends respectively connected to the sliding block 51 and the pressure adjusting plate 24; the stabilizing component 5 further includes a sliding rod 53 slidably connected to the sliding block 51. The sliding block 51 is provided with a wedge-shaped surface 511 near the ultrasonic sensor 1, and one side of the permanent magnet 42 near the sliding block 51 is an arc surface. The sliding rod 53 is connected to the pressure adjusting plate 24 on the side close to the air pressure chamber 21. When the driving component 4 drives the ultrasonic sensor 1 to displace, the permanent magnet 42 at one end will first lose contact with the corresponding sliding block 51 at one end. At this time, neither of the two sliding blocks 51 is extruded by an external force, and the air in the air pressure chamber 21 will exert an extrusion on the pressure adjusting plate 24, causing the pressure adjusting plate 24 to have a short-distance displacement towards the adjusting chamber 22. At this time, the ultrasonic sensor 1 reduces the pre-tightening force and frictional force with the surface of the switch cabinet, making it more convenient for the ultrasonic sensor 1 to displace to the other end. After the displacement ends, the permanent magnet 42 continues to extrude the wedge-shaped surface 511 of the sliding block 51 at the other end, thereby driving the sliding block 51 and the adjusting spring 52 to restore the pressure adjusting plate 24 again. The pressure adjusting plate 24 will re-exert an extrusion on the ultrasonic sensor 1 at this time, increasing the tightness between the ultrasonic sensor 1 and the surface of the switch cabinet, and ensuring the accuracy of ultrasonic signal monitoring.

[0037] It should be noted that there is a reserved space in the axial direction of the installation housing 2 for the ultrasonic sensor 1 to displace towards the electromagnetic coils 41 at both ends. The two surfaces of the installation housing 2 without electromagnetic coils 41 are in sliding contact with the surface of the ultrasonic sensor 1.

[0038] Working principle: When there is a discharge point near the symmetry plane of two adjacent groups of ultrasonic sensors 1, the time differences between the two groups of ultrasonic sensors 1 and the discharge point are relatively close at this time, and it is impossible to accurately measure and locate the position of the discharge point. At this time, the driving assembly 4 is started to drive the ultrasonic sensor 1 to displace, so that the ultrasonic sensor 1 generates displacement along the axial direction of the installation housing 2 within the installation housing 2, thereby changing the position of the symmetry plane between the two adjacent groups of ultrasonic sensors 1, and different displacement changes will occur in the position from the discharge point. The displaced ultrasonic sensor 1 receives the discharge signal again and calculates the time difference, and through comparison and measurement with the first signal, the precise spatial position of the discharge point is determined by secondary positioning.

[0039] Specifically, referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、and Figure 5 , first, the installation housing 2 is installed on the surface of the switchgear through the magnetic base 3. At this time, the ultrasonic sensors 1 located within the installation housing 2 are evenly distributed on the surfaces of the switchgear to form an all-round monitoring network. At this time, the main sensor 11 and the secondary sensor 12 are alternately and evenly arranged in a vertical column, and the ultrasonic sensors 1 adjacent to each other on the front and back and side surfaces of each group also maintain the alternating distribution of the main sensor 11 and the secondary sensor 12, so as to ensure that when there is a discharge point that is difficult to accurately measure, the two groups of ultrasonic sensors 1 closest to this discharge point are the main sensor 11 and the secondary sensor 12 respectively. The installation angles of the main sensor 11 and the secondary sensor 12 with respect to the installation housing 2 are perpendicular to each other. That is, when the driving assembly 4 causes the main sensor 11 and the secondary sensor 12 to displace within the installation housing 2, the displacement paths are also perpendicular to each other, so that a relatively large time difference is generated in the distance between the main sensor 11 and the secondary sensor 12 and the discharge point through a small displacement.

[0040] It should be noted that when the ultrasonic sensors 1 are operating, there should be a certain redundancy in their measurement ranges to ensure that each group of ultrasonic sensors 1 can monitor the switchgear in all directions both in the initial installation position and after displacement.

[0041] Referring to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、and Figure 8, when partial discharge occurs, the ultrasonic sensor 1 receives the discharge signal. Through simple algorithm control of the monitoring process by the existing technology, when the time difference between the discharge point and two or more groups of ultrasonic sensors 1 is less than the accurate measurement and positioning requirement, the signal is transmitted to control the driving component 4 to start. An electromagnetic force is generated by the energization of the electromagnetic coil 41 in the driving component 4. At this time, the electromagnetic force will attract the permanent magnet 42 connected to the ultrasonic sensor 1, driving the ultrasonic sensor 1 to displace axially in the installation housing 2. The displaced ultrasonic sensor 1 re-measures the time difference of the arrival of the discharge signal, and the accurate positioning of the discharge point is achieved through data processing calculation and comparison with the first signal data.

[0042] It should be noted that the control method of the driving component 4 can be realized by the preset algorithm and signal transmission and reception module of the existing technology for intelligent processing, so that the ultrasonic sensor 1 has the function of intelligent processing, and through the cooperation of intelligent sensors and the ultrasonic sensor 1 and other implementation methods. And each group of ultrasonic sensors 1 has two fixed measurement positions in the installation housing 2, and the ultrasonic sensor 1 will remain at the two fixed measurement positions before and after displacement.

[0043] Refer to Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8, during the displacement of the ultrasonic sensor 1, the slider 51 and the adjusting spring 52 in the stabilizing component 5 cooperate. First, the energized electromagnetic coil 41 in the mounting housing 2 will be transformed. The originally non-energized electromagnetic coil 41 will turn into an energized state, while the originally energized electromagnetic coil 41 will turn into a de-energized state. At this time, the ultrasonic sensor 1 will displace in the direction of the energized electromagnetic coil 41 through the permanent magnet 42 connected to it. The ultrasonic sensor 1 will lose the extrusion of the slider 51 on one side of the de-energized electromagnetic coil 41 through the permanent magnet 42. At this time, the pressure plate 24 will be displaced in the direction of the adjusting cavity 22 under the action of the air pressure in the air pressure chamber 21. At this time, the ultrasonic sensor 1 will reduce the air pressure effect it receives and the pressure from the pressure plate 24 towards the switch cabinet, so as to move more smoothly from one end of the mounting housing 2 to the other end. After the displacement of the ultrasonic sensor 1 is completed, at this time, the permanent magnet 42 will re-extrude the wedge-shaped surface 511 on the slider 51 to limit the slider 51 and make the slider 51 displace along the sliding rod 53 towards the switch cabinet. At the same time, the slider 51 will drive the adjusting spring 52 and the pressure plate 24 connected to the adjusting spring 52 to move towards the ultrasonic sensor 1, and under the elastic force of the adjusting spring 52, the pressure plate 24 will apply a pressure to the ultrasonic sensor 1 in the direction of the switch cabinet. And at this time, a part of the airflow near the pressure plate 24 direction of the ultrasonic sensor 1 will be concentrated at the air collecting groove 131. Under the action of the air pressure received by the air collecting groove 131 in the middle of the ultrasonic sensor 1 and the pressure plate 24, the ultrasonic sensor 1 is closely attached to the surface of the switch cabinet and perpendicular to the surface of the switch cabinet, so as to ensure the accuracy and stability of the monitoring signal of the ultrasonic sensor 1.

[0044] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate some examples of the implementable technical solutions of the present invention rather than limiting the embodiments. The present invention can be understood in more detail with reference to the embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time monitoring and positioning device for partial discharge of power equipment, characterized in that: It includes an ultrasonic sensor (1), a mounting housing (2), a magnetic suction base (3), a driving component (4) and a stabilizing component (5); a pneumatic chamber (21) and an adjustment chamber (22) are arranged in the inner cavity of the mounting housing (2), the pneumatic chamber (21) is connected with a micro air pump (23), and a pressure regulating plate (24) is arranged between the pneumatic chamber (21) and the adjustment chamber (22); the ultrasonic sensor (1) is arranged in the pneumatic chamber (21) and is located at the end of the pneumatic chamber (21); the magnetic suction base (3) is connected with the mounting housing (2), and the mounting housing (2) is mounted on the surface of the switch cabinet through the magnetic suction base (3); the driving component (4) is arranged at both axial ends of the mounting housing (2), and the stabilizing component (5) is arranged in the pneumatic chamber (21) and is connected with the pressure regulating plate (24); the ultrasonic sensors (1) are evenly distributed on the surface of the switch cabinet, the driving component (4) drives the ultrasonic sensor (1) to displace from one end of the pneumatic chamber (21) to the other end, and the displacement routes of adjacent ultrasonic sensors (1) are not parallel to each other.

2. The on-line partial discharge monitoring and positioning device for power equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic sensors (1) are arranged vertically and evenly on the front, back, side and top surfaces of the switch cabinet, and the displacement routes of adjacent ultrasonic sensors (1) in each column are not parallel to each other when displaced by the driving component (4).

3. The on-line partial discharge real-time monitoring and positioning device for electrical equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ultrasonic sensor (1) includes a main sensor (11) and a secondary sensor (12), the main sensor (11) and the secondary sensor (12) are perpendicular to each other when displaced by the driving component (4), the main sensor (11) and the secondary sensor (12) in each column of the ultrasonic sensors (1) are staggered, and the main sensor (11) and the secondary sensor (12) are staggered between adjacent vertical columns of the ultrasonic sensors (1).

4. The on-line partial discharge monitoring and positioning device for power equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The driving component (4) includes electromagnetic coils (41) symmetrically arranged at both ends of the mounting housing (2), and permanent magnets (42) connected to the outer wall of the ultrasonic sensor (1).

5. The on-line partial discharge real-time monitoring and positioning device for power equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A number of groups of air flow grooves (13) are arranged on the end face of the ultrasonic sensor (1) close to the pressure regulating plate (24), the air flow grooves (13) penetrate through the ultrasonic sensor (1) and are connected with the pneumatic chamber (21), and a gas collecting groove (131) is arranged in the middle of the air flow grooves (13).

6. The on-line partial discharge real-time monitoring and positioning device for electrical equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The depth of the gas collecting groove (131) is greater than the depths of both ends of the air flow groove (13), a slope surface (132) with gradually increasing depth is formed from the end position of the ultrasonic sensor (1) to the gas collecting groove (131) along the air flow groove (13), and the width of the air flow groove (13) gradually becomes smaller from the end position of the ultrasonic sensor (1) to the gas collecting groove (131).

7. The on-line partial discharge real-time monitoring and positioning device for power equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stabilizing component (5) includes a sliding block (51), and an adjusting spring (52) with both ends respectively connected to the sliding block (51) and the pressure regulating plate (24).

8. The on-line partial discharge real-time monitoring and positioning device for power equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The stabilizing component (5) further includes a sliding rod (53) slidably connected with the sliding block (51), a wedge-shaped surface (511) is arranged on the sliding block (51) close to the ultrasonic sensor (1), and the side of the permanent magnet (42) close to the sliding block (51) is an arc surface.

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