A prefabricated building design method based on BIM software

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of architectural design technology, specifically a method for designing prefabricated buildings based on BIM software, comprising the following steps: analyzing component connection paths and node numbers, combining installation direction and spatial numbering to generate classification codes, analyzing node connections and support status, comparing lower node matching relationships to adjust the layout sequence, constructing an envelope shell to detect collisions, analyzing the relationship between center of gravity and boundaries, adjusting the configuration and optimizing the hoisting sequence, and outputting a segmented sequence. The present invention refines the continuity of prefabricated building component connection paths and node numbers, combines the participation sequence with spatial numbering, sorts and identifies components by structural dimensions, integrates connection relationships and spatial layout, dynamically adjusts the layout sequence, verifies support status in real time, and generates spatial conflict records. Furthermore, component positioning and path assembly sequence are optimized by center of gravity offset and height difference sorting, thereby improving resource utilization and assembly accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of architectural design, and in particular to a prefabricated building design method based on BIM software. Background Art

[0002] The field of architectural design technology includes the construction and expression of the building's plane layout design, structural system design, component arrangement and collaborative relationship. Through multi-dimensional information integration and spatial organization optimization, the systematic expression of the building from conceptual design to detailed design stage is realized. Combined with the integrated development of information technology and building industrialization, architectural design technology gradually introduces digital modeling tools and parametric design logic, supports the integrated expression of complex components, standardized modules and construction collaboration, and realizes the development from traditional two-dimensional drawing expression to an information integration platform based on three-dimensional models. It is widely used in various industrial and civil construction projects, including prefabricated buildings, modular buildings, and prefabricated component buildings. Among them, the prefabricated building design method based on BIM software refers to the use of building information modeling software to The method of modeling, laying out and managing the standard components, component connection nodes, structural system combination methods and component layout logic of prefabricated buildings covers the construction of prefabricated building component libraries, the definition of component parameter rules, the three-dimensional modeling of component positioning and layout, and the visual expression of the connection relationship between components. It includes the use of component family templates to generate standardized component geometry and construction information, the automatic creation of components of different specifications by setting component parameters, the use of building information modeling platforms for component layout and collision verification, the combination of three-dimensional viewing tools to complete the spatial layout and node construction expression of the overall structure, and the synchronous update of component information between design models and construction drawings through model linking, supporting the constructability analysis and assembly logic verification of prefabricated buildings in the design stage.

[0003] Traditional prefabricated building design methods rely on manual numbering and manual proofreading of two-dimensional drawings when dealing with component layout and spatial relationship expression. This leads to problems such as fragmented layout information and cumbersome component parameter adjustment. When faced with complex nodes and components of multiple specifications, spatial conflicts are difficult to detect accurately in the early stages, the node connection sequence and structural force transmission path cannot be efficiently sorted, and the layout logic lacks dynamic linkage. As a result, in situations such as spatial obstruction, node mismatch or unreasonable lifting sequence, it is difficult to synchronize the design model and construction drawings in a timely manner, causing spatial conflicts, component misinstallation, and adjustment delays in the subsequent assembly stage, affecting the overall construction efficiency and design accuracy of the prefabricated building. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the existing technology and propose a prefabricated building design method based on BIM software.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a prefabricated building design method based on BIM software, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1: Using the building information model, the path continuity and node number differences between component connection numbers are analyzed to determine the component participation sequence in the force transmission path. Combined with the component installation direction and spatial layout number, the structural dimensions are sorted and the characters are spliced ​​to obtain the classification code segment;

[0007] S2: Using the classification coding segment, analyze the connection status of the lower node of the component and the arranged components, screen the locking status of the node-supported components, compare the matching relationship between the lower node of the current component and the registered nodes, adjust the arrangement authority and arrangement order, and generate support status feature information;

[0008] S3: Analyze the continuity of the spatial coordinates of the component edges using the support state feature information, construct a closed boundary envelope, compare the overlapping areas of adjacent component shells, record the spatial areas where occlusion and mutual embedding occur, and obtain a collision component detection record;

[0009] S4: Calculate the offset distance between the component's center of gravity and the bottom center based on the collision component detection record, analyze the geometric alignment relationship between the boundary contour and the center of gravity axis, set the component's design adjustment constraint range, and obtain the component adjustment configuration.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the classification coding segment includes component number attribution, layout positioning identifier, and character segment combination type; the support state feature information includes node connection relationship status, layout order adjustment mark, and unmatched node number; the collision component detection record includes spatial embedding area, boundary shell overlap relationship, and point set distribution density; the component adjustment configuration specifically includes center of gravity position offset, contour alignment relationship, and design adjustment boundary.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the step of obtaining the classification code segment is specifically as follows:

[0012] S111: using the building information model, obtaining path information between component connection numbers, analyzing the continuity of the numbered paths, and comparing the difference in the number of nodes in each path to obtain a numbered path analysis result;

[0013] S112: Determine the component participation sequence in the force transmission path based on the number path analysis result, and retrieve the corresponding relationship between the installation direction number and the spatial arrangement number to obtain component participation sequence information;

[0014] S113: Based on the component participation sequence information, combined with the construction size parameters, sorting and character segment splicing are performed to obtain the component number attribution and layout positioning identification to obtain the classification code segment.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention, the step of acquiring the support state characteristic information is specifically as follows:

[0016] S211: Obtain the classification code segment, analyze the connection status of the lower node of the component and the arranged components, filter the locking status and boundary number arrangement records of the node support component, and obtain the support node status value;

[0017] S212: calling the support node status value, comparing the matching result of the current component lower connection node number with the registered node number list, identifying the unmatched node number, and generating the node matching difference;

[0018] S213: According to the node matching difference, the component arrangement authority and arrangement order are adjusted, the component load arrangement of each node is obtained, and support state characteristic information is generated.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention, the steps of obtaining the collision component detection record are specifically as follows:

[0020] S311: Utilizing the support state feature information, extracting the spatial coordinates of the component edge points, analyzing the coordinate differences between the edge points of adjacent components, calculating the distribution density of the point set, selecting the edge and corner points that meet the equal spacing standard and forming a three-dimensional node group, thereby generating a continuous boundary node group;

[0021] S312: constructing a minimum closed boundary region including all nodes according to the continuous boundary node group and outputting an envelope shell, calculating the overlapping region of the envelope shells of adjacent components, analyzing the degree of overlap, and obtaining the envelope shell overlapping region;

[0022] S313: Based on the overlapping area of ​​the enveloping shell, calculate the volume of the overlapping area and the spatial distribution density of the point set in the visible area, analyze the density and embedding of the point set in the intersection area, calculate the collision degree coefficient, detect and record the spatial areas where occlusion and mutual embedding occur, and obtain the collision component detection record.

[0023] As a further solution of the present invention, the step of obtaining the component adjustment configuration is specifically as follows:

[0024] S411: Based on the collision component detection record, obtain the coordinates of the component geometric center point and the bottom reference center coordinates, calculate the offset distance between the component center of gravity and the bottom center, and obtain the center of gravity offset distance value;

[0025] S412: Based on the gravity center offset distance value, the coordinates of the corner points on the outer edge of the boundary are collected, the component gravity center axis direction data is called, the angle between the main direction of the boundary contour and the gravity center axis direction is compared, and the error between the main direction of the boundary contour and the gravity center axis direction is calculated based on the spatial offset relationship to obtain the geometric alignment relationship parameters;

[0026] S413: Calling the geometric alignment relationship parameters, combining the edge and corner point connection data, determining the outer contour shape distribution relationship, setting the design adjustment constraint range of the component based on the consistency between the alignment relationship parameters and the outer contour boundary, and obtaining the component adjustment configuration.

[0027] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises:

[0028] S5: using the component adjustment configuration, analyzing the vertical height difference distribution between the center of gravity position and the lifting connection point of each component, selecting components whose lifting direction is consistent with the center of gravity direction, analyzing the height fluctuation range between the lifting heights of the components, and adjusting the path assembly sequence of the components in the spatial layout diagram using the height difference sequence to obtain a segmented sequence of the path lifting sequence;

[0029] The path hoisting sequence segment sequence specifically refers to the grouping of consistent hoisting directions, hoisting path sorting results, and height difference change intervals.

[0030] As a further solution of the present invention, the steps for obtaining the segmented sequence of the path hoisting order are specifically as follows:

[0031] S511: Obtaining the component adjustment configuration, collecting the component center of gravity position and the vertical coordinates of the lifting connection point, calculating the vertical difference between each component lifting connection point and the center of gravity, and generating component vertical height difference data;

[0032] S512: Based on the component vertical height difference data, select a group of components whose hoisting directions are consistent with the center of gravity direction, extract the hoisting heights of the grouped components, calculate the hoisting height dispersion score, and obtain the fluctuation range index;

[0033] S513: calling the fluctuation range index, combining the component vertical height difference data, collecting the start and end point sequence of each group in the spatial layout diagram, adjusting the path sequence of the components in the group, and obtaining a segmented sequence of the path hoisting sequence.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0035] In the present invention, by analyzing the continuity of the connection path of prefabricated building components and refining the number of nodes, the participation order of components in the force transmission path is combined with the actual layout space number, and accurate sorting and identification are completed according to the structural dimensions, so that the connection relationship, spatial layout and geometric parameters of various components are efficiently integrated, and the layout authority and arrangement order are dynamically adjusted using the component connection and spatial positioning information, the support nodes are checked for status, and structural space conflict records are generated in real time. By calculating the offset relationship between the center of gravity of the component and the boundary contour and the height difference sorting, the linkage optimization of component positioning, collision detection and path assembly sequence is realized, the efficiency of space resource utilization and the accuracy of the component assembly process are improved, and the consistency of the correlation of various parameters in the overall structural layout process is guaranteed, thereby promoting the automation and systematization of the prefabricated building from parameter setting, spatial arrangement to construction preparation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main steps of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 Obtaining a flow chart for the classification coding segment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a flowchart for obtaining support state feature information of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 A flowchart for obtaining collision component detection records of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 A flowchart for obtaining a configuration for component adjustment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 A flow chart for obtaining a segmented sequence of the path hoisting order of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inside," "outside," and the like, indicating positions or relationships, are based on the positions or relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

[0044] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution, a method for designing prefabricated buildings based on BIM software, comprising the following steps:

[0045] S1: Using the building information model, the path continuity and node number differences between component connection numbers are analyzed to determine the component participation sequence in the force transmission path. Combined with the component installation direction and spatial layout number, the structural dimensions are sorted and the characters are spliced ​​to obtain the classification code segment;

[0046] S2: Using the classification coding segment, analyze the connection status of the lower node of the component and the arranged components, screen the locking status of the node-supported components, compare the matching relationship between the lower node of the current component and the registered nodes, adjust the arrangement authority and arrangement order, and generate support status feature information;

[0047] S3: Using support state feature information, analyze the continuity of component edge spatial coordinates, construct a closed boundary envelope, compare the overlapping areas of adjacent component shells, record the spatial areas where occlusion and mutual embedding occur, and obtain collision component detection records;

[0048] S4: Based on the collision component inspection records, calculate the offset distance between the component's center of gravity and the bottom surface center, analyze the geometric alignment relationship between the boundary contour and the center of gravity axis, set the component's design adjustment constraint range, and obtain the component adjustment configuration;

[0049] S5: Analyze the vertical height difference distribution between the center of gravity position and the lifting connection point of each component by adjusting the component configuration. Filter and group components whose lifting direction is consistent with the center of gravity direction. Analyze the height fluctuation range between component lifting heights. Adjust the path assembly sequence of the components in the spatial layout diagram by using the height difference sequence to obtain a segmented sequence of the path lifting sequence.

[0050] The classification coding segment includes the component number attribution, layout positioning identifier, and character segment combination type. The support status feature information includes the node connection relationship status, layout order adjustment mark, and unmatched node number. The collision component detection record includes the spatial embedding area, boundary shell overlap relationship, and point set distribution density. The component adjustment configuration specifically refers to the center of gravity position offset, contour alignment relationship, and design adjustment boundary. The path lifting sequence segmentation sequence specifically refers to the consistent lifting direction grouping, lifting path sorting results, and height difference change interval.

[0051] See also Figure 2 , the steps for obtaining the classification code segment are as follows:

[0052] S111: using the building information model, obtaining path information between component connection numbers, analyzing the continuity of the numbered paths, and comparing the difference in the number of nodes in each path to obtain a numbered path analysis result;

[0053] First, extract the data of the connection position of each prefabricated component in the prefabricated building. After clarifying the component number information, select the initial node between the two numbers, such as component numbers A1001 and A1002, and obtain the spatial coordinate data of each node in the connection path. Based on the node spatial coordinate data, calculate the spatial straight-line distance between adjacent nodes in the path one by one. For example, the distance between the first node (x=0, y=0, z=0) and the second node (x=0, y=5, z=0) is 5m. Similarly, calculate the straight-line distance between all adjacent nodes node by node. After obtaining the value of the complete path length, count the number of nodes in each path. For example, path A contains 10 nodes, path B contains 8 nodes, and path C contains 12 nodes. Sort and record them according to the number of nodes from small to large. Then compare and calculate the spatial distance between nodes path by path, record the paths with large node distance fluctuations, take the average node spacing of the path as the benchmark value, and take 3 paths for example calculation:

[0054] Table 1 Comparison of numbered path node distances

[0055]

[0056] As shown in Table 1, the number of path nodes and the average spacing are clear. The fluctuation range of path node distances is determined by calculating the distances between adjacent nodes. The average spacing is obtained by dividing the total path length by (the number of nodes minus one). The ranking of the number of nodes and the differences in the fluctuation range are combined to form a clear numbered path analysis result.

[0057] S112: Determine the component participation sequence in the force transmission path based on the number path analysis results, and retrieve the corresponding relationship between the installation direction number and the spatial arrangement number to obtain component participation sequence information;

[0058] First, based on the sorted paths, path B with a small number of nodes and a small fluctuation range is selected as the preferred force transmission path, and the node information of the path is checked one by one; the installation direction number is called, for example, the installation direction number D01 corresponds to the spatial layout number K01, and the installation direction number D02 corresponds to the spatial layout number K02; then the position coordinates of the installation direction number and the corresponding spatial layout number are compared one by one to clarify the spatial order of the component number in the installation process. For example, the spatial coordinates corresponding to the installation direction number D01 are (10, 0, 5), and the coordinates of the spatial layout number K01 are also (10, 0, 5), and the match is confirmed; then the installation direction number D02 is checked with the spatial layout number K02 to confirm the spatial coordinate match; the verification of all path numbers and the confirmation of coordinate matching relationships are completed in sequence to determine the accurate participation sequence of the component in the force transmission path, clarify the component participation sequence of all nodes in the path, and record the component participation sequence information.

[0059] S113: Based on the component participation sequence information and in combination with the construction size parameters, sorting and character segment splicing are performed to obtain the component number attribution and layout positioning identifier to obtain the classification code segment;

[0060] First, the dimensional parameters of each component in the sequence are selected, for example, component A1001 is 4.5m long, 1.2m wide, and 0.6m high, and component A1002 is 3.5m long, 1.5m wide, and 0.6m high. The geometric dimension values ​​of each component are determined one by one. The component sequence information is sorted based on the y-axis value in the component installation space coordinate, arranged from small to large. Based on the y-axis data of the spatial coordinate, such as component A1001 (y=0) and component A1002 (y=5), the sequence order is determined. Based on the sorting, the character segments of the component geometric dimensions and the sorting position are sequentially spliced, such as the component length (retaining one decimal place) and the installation sequence number, "A1001-4.5-01" and "A1002-3.5-02", to clearly define the complete identification characters of the component number and installation position. After completing the above sorting and character segment splicing for all components, a clear classification code segment is formed, and the complete classification code identification result is recorded.

[0061] See also Figure 3 , the specific steps for obtaining support state feature information are:

[0062] S211: Obtain the classification code segment, analyze the connection status of the lower node of the component and the arranged components, filter the locking status and boundary number arrangement records of the node support component, and obtain the support node status value;

[0063] First, select the components to be analyzed one by one from the coding sequence. For example, if the component number is A1003, read the three-dimensional spatial coordinate data of each node at the bottom of the component. Take the node number N10 below the component as an example, call the spatial coordinate data (x=12.5m, y=3.0m, z=0m), and then call the arranged component records, such as components A1001 and A1002, to determine the spatial positions of the connected nodes N08 (x=12.5m, y=0m, z=0m) and N09 (x=15.0m, y=0m, z=0m). By calculating the spatial distance values ​​between N10 and N08 and N09, which are 3.0m and 3.9m respectively, the spatial relationship of the lower node connection is clarified. Then, the support status of the arranged components is clarified one by one, and the locking status record of each node is called. The locking record data "1" is the locked state and "0" is the unlocked state. For example, the locking record of node N08 is "1" and that of node N09 is "0". Then, the layout record of the boundary number is retrieved, such as the boundary node number list [N08, N09, N07]. It is determined whether there are nodes with similar position coordinates between node N10 and the boundary number list. By setting a threshold of 0.5m for the spatial distance, the distance difference between node N10 and the nodes in the list is calculated and compared with the threshold to determine the ownership. Node N10 is 3.0m away from node N08 and 3.9m away from node N09, both greater than 0.5m. Therefore, node N10 does not belong to the boundary node record. Then, the connection status, locking status and spatial position records of the boundary number of each of the above nodes are summarized. The above operations complete the clarification of the supporting node status value.

[0064] S212: calling the support node status value, comparing the matching result of the current component lower connection node number with the registered node number list, identifying the unmatched node number, and generating the node matching difference;

[0065] First, based on the node number N10 of the lower part of the component A1003 to be arranged, call the registered node number list, such as the list record [N01, N02, N03, N04, N08, N09], and perform number matching and comparison one by one in sequence to determine whether N10 is completely consistent with the number in the registration list. This is completed through a simple number value comparison. The node number N10 does not have the same number in the registration number list, so it is recorded as an unmatched node. In a similar way, continue to call the lower connection nodes of other components for number comparison one by one. If the node number N11 successfully matches the registration number list, it is recorded as a matched node. The node number N12 does not match the number in the list and is recorded as an unmatched node. The total number of all unmatched nodes is recorded and set as the node matching difference. The matching status is clarified based on the node number. The statistical data of the node number quantity is used as an example of clear difference calculation, as shown in Table 2:

[0066] Table 2 Node number matching table

[0067]

[0068] As shown in Table 2, the clear node matching difference amount is obtained through the number comparison process of the registered node list.

[0069] S213: Adjusting the component arrangement authority and arrangement order based on the node matching difference, obtaining the component load arrangement status of each node, and generating support state feature information;

[0070] First, call the difference node number list [N10, N12] recorded above, and then judge one by one whether the layout permission of the component corresponding to the difference node number is allowed. The layout permission data call base value is set to 0 (layout prohibited) or 1 (layout allowed), and the initial permission base is set to 1. The permission value modification operation is performed for each difference node. For example, node N10 corresponds to component A1003, and the initial permission value of component A1003 is called to be 1. It is judged whether it needs to be modified. The judgment is based on whether the node difference is greater than 0. The difference of node N10 is 1 (unmatched), which is greater than 0. Therefore, the layout permission value of component A1003 is modified to 0, and the layout of the node is prohibited. Then judge the difference of node N12. The quantity is also 1, and the authority value is also changed to 0. The authority adjustment is further completed. Then the component arrangement sequence number is called. Based on the component position sorting data in the y-axis direction of the spatial coordinate, the initial arrangement sequence numbers are component A1003 (sequence number 3), component A1004 (sequence number 4), and component A1005 (sequence number 5). Then the sequence number adjustment operation is performed. Based on whether the node matching difference exists, the sequence number of the component with a matching difference greater than 0 is automatically adjusted backward by one. For example, the original sequence number of component A1003 is 3, which is adjusted to sequence number 4. The sequence number of component A1004 is adjusted from 4 to 5. The adjustment operation of all component sequence numbers is completed by analogy, and the sequence number values ​​of the components after adjustment are clarified, as shown in Table 3:

[0071] Table 3 Component arrangement order adjustment table

[0072]

[0073] As shown in Table 3, the node difference quantity is called to clarify the adjustment authority and arrangement sequence data, obtain the clear component load arrangement of each node, and finally generate the support status feature information.

[0074] See also Figure 4 , the specific steps for obtaining collision component detection records are:

[0075] S311: Using support state feature information, extract the spatial coordinates of component edge points, analyze the coordinate differences between edge points of adjacent components, calculate the distribution density of the point set, select edge and corner points that meet the equal spacing standard and form a three-dimensional node group to generate a continuous boundary node group;

[0076] First, select the component number to be analyzed, such as components A2001 and A2002, and obtain the spatial coordinate data of each component edge node one by one by calling the component geometry information database. The spatial coordinates of the edge nodes of component A2001 are [(0,0,0), (0,3,0), (3,3,0), (3,0,0)], and the edge node coordinates of component A2002 are [(3,0,0), (3,3,0), (6,3,0), (6,0,0)]. Call the coordinates of the edge points of adjacent components and calculate the spatial coordinate differences between each edge point one by one. For example, the difference between the node (3,0,0) of component A2001 and the node (3,0,0) of component A2002 is [(0,0,0), (0,3,0), (3,3,0), (3,0,0)]. The difference is (0m,0m,0m), which means that the coordinates completely overlap. Further calculate the spatial straight-line distance between adjacent nodes. For example, the distance between nodes (0,0,0) and (0,3,0) is 3m. Perform this operation on all adjacent nodes one by one, and form a node distance array [3m,3m,3m,3m]. Call the standard setting value of node spacing 3m, and compare the deviation of the node spacing value with the standard value one by one. Nodes with a deviation less than 0.1m are considered to meet the conditions. For example, if the distances of all nodes in the above array meet the conditions, the coordinates of these qualified nodes are recorded as a valid corner point coordinate group, thereby forming a three-dimensional node group with continuous spatial coordinates and uniform spacing, and recording to form a continuous boundary node group.

[0077] S312: Based on the continuous boundary node group, a minimum closed boundary region including all nodes is constructed and an enveloping shell is output. The overlapping region of the enveloping shells of adjacent components is calculated, and the degree of overlap is analyzed to obtain the overlapping region of the enveloping shells.

[0078] First, call the spatial coordinate points in the node group and the method for calculating the convex polyhedron envelope shell. Take all the node data in the node groups of component A2001 and component A2002 as input, clarify the outermost spatial coordinate points in the node group, such as nodes [(0,0,0), (0,3,0), (6,3,0), (6,0,0)], and determine the closed boundary formed by the maximum distance between these nodes. By connecting these outer contour points in sequence, clarify the spatial coordinate points of the complete closed boundary area, and construct a closed polyhedron shell based on the outermost nodes. Then call the shell calculation rule to calculate the geometric parameters such as the shell volume and surface area. For example, the volume of the shell is calculated to be 54m 3 The shell surface area is 54m 2, then call similar operations on adjacent components to determine the overlapping areas of component A2001 shell and component A2002 shell respectively. Through spatial intersection calculation, the spatial area coordinates of the shell intersection are determined. For example, if the intersection area is the spatial area formed by [(3,0,0), (3,3,0)], its overlapping area is calculated to be 9m 2 , and recorded as a clear envelope shell overlap area.

[0079] S313: Based on the overlapping area of ​​the enveloping shell, calculate the volume of the overlapping area and the spatial distribution density of the point set in the visible area, analyze the density and embedding of the point set in the intersection area, and use the formula:

[0080] ;

[0081] Calculate the collision degree coefficient, detect and record the spatial areas where occlusion and mutual embedding occur, and obtain the collision component detection record;

[0082] in, Represents the collision degree coefficient, which indicates the degree of interference between components. It is dimensionless. Represents the overlap of the boundary points of the embedded component, indicating the degree of overlap between the boundary point set of one component and the boundary points of another component. It is a dimensionless parameter and is calculated by the overlap of the boundary point coordinates. Represents the density of the boundary points of the obscured component, indicating the density of the boundary points of the obscured component in space. It is a dimensionless parameter and is calculated by the distribution density of the component in space. Represents the normalized value of the intersection area volume, which is obtained by calculating and normalizing the volume of the intersection part of the components. It is dimensionless. Represents the normalized value of the surface area of ​​the component boundary shell, indicating the surface area of ​​the component-enclosed shell. The dimensionless value obtained after normalization is used to measure the space occupied by the component and is calculated based on the component's geometric information. Represents the normalized offset value of a component, indicating the offset of a single component in space. After normalization, it is a dimensionless value that is used to describe the change in the relative position of a component. It is calculated by the difference between the actual installation position of the component and the theoretical position. Represents the total number of components, Represents the component index;

[0083] First, call the clear coordinate data of the overlapping area, perform volume calculation, call the height data of the overlapping area of ​​components A2001 and A2002 (such as 1m), and the area data 9m 2 , calculate the volume of the overlapping area to be 9m 3, then call the component boundary node data, and count the spatial density of the midpoints in the overlapping area of ​​components A2001 and A2002. For example, there are 4 boundary nodes in the overlapping area, and the spatial volume is 9m 3 The spatial distribution density is clearly calculated to be 0.44 / m 3 , call the overlap of the embedded component boundary points The determination method is as follows: For example, the node overlap is defined as the ratio of the actual number of overlapping nodes to the total number of nodes. The number of overlapping nodes is 2, the total number of nodes is 8, and the calculated value is 0.25. Then the density of the boundary points of the obscured components is called. , defined as the ratio of the number of nodes of the shielding component to the total volume of the space. For example, component A2001 has 4 nodes and a total volume of 54m 3 The calculated value is 0.074 / m 3 , call the intersection area volume normalization value , defined as the ratio of the intersection area volume to the total volume of the component, the calculated value is 9m 3 / 54m 3 =0.167, and then call the normalized value of the component boundary shell surface area , defined as the surface area of ​​the component and the standard area (60m 2 ) ratio, the clear value is 54m 2 / 60m 2 =0.9, calling the component offset normalization value , the ratio of the component's theoretical and actual position offset distance (0.3m) to the standard offset distance (1m) is determined to be 0.3, and the collision degree coefficient formula is used for calculation:

[0084] ;

[0085] ;

[0086] ;

[0087] ;

[0088] ;

[0089] ;

[0090] ;

[0091] The collision degree coefficient is a dimensionless value that represents the degree of spatial collision or embedded interference between components during the design of prefabricated buildings. The coefficient measures the severity of the collision by comprehensively considering factors such as the overlap of component boundaries, the volume of the intersection area, the spatial occupancy of the components, and the offset. The higher the coefficient value, the more serious the collision or interference between components, leading to unreasonable design or construction difficulties. The introduction of the coefficient can help designers quantify and identify potential spatial interference problems, providing a basis for subsequent component layout optimization. When the collision degree coefficient is high, designers can reduce the overlap and interference between components by adjusting the position or size of the components, avoiding possible spatial conflicts during construction, helping to improve the constructability of the design, effectively reducing construction risks, optimizing resource allocation, and improving overall construction efficiency. The result value of 0.047 clearly indicates that there is slight collision interference between components. Then call the spatial node data of the components, clearly record the interference position coordinates [(3,0,0), (3,3,0)], and obtain the collision component detection record.

[0092] See also Figure 5 , the steps for obtaining component adjustment configuration are as follows:

[0093] S411: Based on the collision component detection record, the coordinates of the component geometric center point and the bottom reference center are obtained, and the offset distance between the component center of gravity and the bottom center is calculated to obtain the center of gravity offset distance value;

[0094] First, call the recorded component number, such as A3001, to obtain the component geometric center coordinates and bottom reference center coordinate data. For example, the geometric center coordinates of component A3001 are (5.0m, 2.0m, 1.5m), and the bottom reference center coordinates are (4.7m, 2.3m, 0m). Then, perform difference calculations on each axis to calculate the x-axis offset. , the y-axis offset is , the z-axis offset is , and then call the three-dimensional space Euclidean distance calculation method, square the above axis-by-axis differences, add them together, and then take the square root. The specific calculation is , obtain the clear center of gravity offset distance value between the center of gravity of component A3001 and the bottom reference center, complete similar operations for all components to be analyzed one by one, and uniformly record the center of gravity offset distance value for the next step.

[0095] S412: Based on the gravity center offset distance value, the coordinates of the outer edge corner points of the boundary are collected, the component gravity center axis direction data is called, and the angle between the main direction of the boundary contour and the gravity center axis direction is compared. Combined with the spatial offset relationship, the formula is used:

[0096] ;

[0097] Calculate the error between the main direction of the boundary contour and the direction of the centroid axis to obtain the geometric alignment relationship parameters;

[0098] in, is the error between the main direction of the boundary contour and the direction of the centroid axis, is an index letter, indicating the first Angle data, is the total number of main direction angles of the boundary contour, For the boundary contour The normalized value of the main direction angle is obtained by collecting the coordinates of the corner points on the outer edge of the boundary, fitting the main direction line to calculate the angle, and then dividing it by the angle reference value. The normalized value of the gravity axis direction angle is obtained by extracting the component geometric center point and fitting the gravity axis direction angle in the side length direction and dividing it by the angle reference value. is the normalized value of the center of gravity offset distance, which is obtained by calculating the Euclidean distance between the geometric center point of the component and the reference center point of the bottom surface and dividing it by the characteristic length of the component. is the normalized value of the length of the line connecting the corner points at the outer edge of the boundary, which is obtained by calculating the total length of the line connecting the corner points and dividing it by the characteristic length of the component. is the normalized value of the boundary contour main axis length, which is obtained by calculating the boundary contour main axis length and dividing it by the component characteristic length. is the normalized value of the centroid axis length, which is obtained by calculating the centroid axis length and dividing it by the component characteristic length;

[0099] First, call the coordinate data of the outer edge corner points of component A3001, such as [(4.0m, 1.0m), (6.0m, 1.0m), (6.0m, 3.0m), (4.0m, 3.0m)], and use this data to fit the main direction line of the boundary contour. The diagonal line is determined as the main direction line with the coordinates (4.0m, 1.0m) and (6.0m, 3.0m). The direction angle on the xy plane is calculated to be 45°. The angle reference value 90° is called for normalization to obtain , then call the component gravity axis direction data, the component gravity axis is determined by connecting the geometric center (5.0m, 2.0m) and the bottom center (4.7m, 2.3m), and the direction angle of the axis is calculated to be 135°, and the same normalization is obtained , then call the previously obtained center of gravity offset distance value of 1.559m for normalization, and take the component characteristic length of 3.0m (the maximum size of the component) as the benchmark to obtain , further calculate the sum of the lengths of the lines connecting the corner points on the outer edge of the boundary, and calculate the lengths of the lines connecting the four corner points to be 2.0m, 2.0m, 2.0m, and 2.0m respectively, with a total length of 8.0m, which is normalized to , call the boundary contour main axis length data as the diagonal length, and calculate the length as , normalized to , the length of the centroid axis is calculated as , normalized to , then call the formula:

[0100] ;

[0101] ;

[0102] ;

[0103] ;

[0104] ;

[0105] ;

[0106] ;

[0107] Among them, the error between the main direction of the boundary contour and the direction of the center of gravity axis refers to the quantitative index of the consistency between the geometric distribution of the main direction of the outer contour of the component and the direction of the center of gravity axis of the component itself on the plane. The parameter reflects the geometric coordination level of the main direction of the component's outer shape and the direction of the internal center of gravity axis. The smaller the alignment value, the more consistent the main direction of the boundary contour and the direction of the center of gravity axis are, the more regular the overall geometric distribution of the component is, and the installation positioning and force transmission are more balanced. The specific effect is that this parameter can be used to determine the rationality of the component in spatial layout and installation direction, provide an accurate alignment criterion basis for the design adjustment constraint range of the component, assist in optimizing the coordination of the component path, lifting direction and center of gravity direction, and reduce the risk of spatial conflict and unreasonable layout. The result shows that there is a significant deviation between the main direction of the boundary contour of the component and the direction of the center of gravity axis, and a clear geometric alignment relationship parameter is obtained. .

[0108] S413: Calling geometric alignment relationship parameters, combining edge and corner point connection data, determining the outer contour shape distribution relationship, setting the design adjustment constraint range of the component based on the consistency between the alignment relationship parameters and the outer contour boundary, and obtaining the component adjustment configuration;

[0109] Using geometric alignment parameters First, call the edge point connection data [(4.0m, 1.0m)-(6.0m, 1.0m)-(6.0m, 3.0m)-(4.0m, 3.0m)-(4.0m, 1.0m)] to determine the outer contour shape distribution, and call the alignment parameter threshold range (1.0-4.0) as the judgment basis. The specific data is shown in Table 4:

[0110] Table 4. Correspondence between geometric alignment relationship parameters and adjustment constraint range

[0111]

[0112] As shown in Table 4, Located in the obvious deviation range (3.1~4.0), call the clear adjustment constraint range of ±0.15m, set the clear range of component adjustment configuration to the range extending 0.15m outward based on the theoretical boundary line of the component, call the spatial coordinate data to clarify the boundary adjustment range, such as the original boundary of the component outer contour is (4.0m, 1.0m) to (6.0m, 3.0m), and the adjusted range is expanded to (3.85m, 0.85m)-(6.15m, 3.15m), and clearly record the adjustment configuration range of the component.

[0113] See also Figure 6 ,The specific steps for obtaining the segmented sequence of the path hoisting order are:

[0114] S511: Obtaining component adjustment configuration, collecting the component center of gravity position and the vertical coordinates of the lifting connection point, calculating the vertical difference between each component lifting connection point and the center of gravity, and generating component vertical height difference data;

[0115] First, call the recorded component numbers, such as component B4001 and component B4002, and collect the vertical coordinate data of their center of gravity positions and lifting connection points respectively. The vertical coordinates of the center of gravity of component B4001 are , the coordinates of the lifting connection point are , the vertical coordinates of the center of gravity of component B4002 are , the coordinates of the lifting connection point are , perform difference calculation respectively, and calculate the vertical difference of component B4001 as , the vertical difference of component B4002 is , calculate the vertical differences of all components in a similar way and summarize the data to form clear component vertical height difference data for use in the next step of analysis.

[0116] S512: Based on the vertical height difference data of the components, select the component groups whose hoisting direction is consistent with the center of gravity direction, and extract the lifting height of the grouped components using the formula:

[0117] ;

[0118] Calculate the dispersion score of the lifting height and obtain the fluctuation range index;

[0119] in, is the dispersion score of the lifting height of the group, is the number of components in the group, Is the index number, indicating the components, For the Normalized value of the lifting height of each component, by The actual lifting height of each component is divided by the maximum lifting height of the group. is the normalized average lifting height within the group, through all Finding the average value yields, The normalized median of the lifting height of all components in the group is obtained by After sorting in ascending order, select the middle value to get, is the normalized amplitude of the lifting height within the group, which is obtained by the difference between the normalized value of the maximum lifting height and the normalized value of the minimum lifting height in the group. It is the sum of the normalized absolute values ​​of the vertical height differences of each component in the group, which is obtained by dividing the actual value of the vertical height difference between the center of gravity of each component and the lifting connection point by the maximum lifting height of the group, and then taking the absolute value and accumulating it;

[0120] First, call the vertical difference data, filter the component groups with the same lifting direction and center of gravity direction, make sure that components B4001 and B4002 both meet the condition that the lifting point is higher than the center of gravity coordinate, and divide them into the same group. Call the lifting height data of components B4001 and B4002 respectively. and Calculate the maximum height value within the group , then normalized calculation is performed, the normalized value of component B4001 is , the normalized value of component B4002 is , and then calculate the normalized mean , the median is 0.936, calling amplitude , then call the sum of the normalized absolute values ​​of the vertical height difference, component B4001 is , component B4002 is , and we get , substitute into the formula:

[0121] ;

[0122] ;

[0123] ,

[0124] ;

[0125] ;

[0126] ;

[0127] ;

[0128] Among them, the lifting height dispersion score refers to the quantitative reflection of the dispersion and unevenness of the lifting heights of all components in the group in space through multiple normalized distribution characteristics. The larger the score value, the stronger the difference and distribution fluctuation of the lifting heights of the components in the same group, and the increase in the sense of spatial hierarchy and the complexity of the construction steps. The specific effect is that this score can provide highly sensitive data criteria for automatic path arrangement, lifting task batch segmentation, construction sequence division and other links, help identify key component groups that need priority or unified lifting path adjustment, and assist in reducing path conflicts and optimizing the rhythm of lifting operations. The lifting height dispersion score is obtained as , the value indicates that the fluctuation of the lifting height of the group is within a smaller range, and a clear fluctuation range index is obtained.

[0129] S513: Calling the fluctuation range index, combining the vertical height difference data of the components, collecting the start and end point sequences of each group in the spatial layout diagram, adjusting the path sequence of the components in the group, and obtaining a segmented sequence of the path hoisting sequence;

[0130] Using the Volatility Range Index , call the aforementioned vertical height difference data, and combine it with the start and end sequence of the grouped spatial layout diagram to call it, such as the starting point (1.0m, 1.0m) and end point (2.0m, 3.0m) of the component B4001 layout diagram, and the starting point (1.5m, 1.0m) and end point (2.5m, 3.0m) of component B4002. By comparing the fluctuation range index with the preset classification standard (see Table 5), the component path sequence adjustment strategy is clarified.

[0131] Table 5 Fluctuation range index and path order adjustment strategy

[0132]

[0133] As shown in Table 5, the index Located in a smaller fluctuation range, the path sequence is fine-tuned to component B4001 from sequence number 1 to sequence number 2, and component B4002 from sequence number 2 to sequence number 1. The component path sequence of the adjusted space layout diagram is clearly component B4002 → component B4001, and clear path lifting sequence segmented sequence data is obtained.

[0134] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention in any other form. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes and apply it to other fields. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for designing prefabricated buildings based on BIM software, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Using the building information model, the path continuity and node number differences between component connection numbers are analyzed to determine the component participation sequence in the force transmission path. Combined with the component installation direction and spatial layout number, the structural dimensions are sorted and the characters are spliced ​​to obtain the classification code segment; The steps for obtaining the classification code segment are specifically as follows: S111: using the building information model, obtaining path information between component connection numbers, analyzing the continuity of the numbered paths, and comparing the difference in the number of nodes in each path to obtain a numbered path analysis result; S112: Determine the component participation sequence in the force transmission path based on the number path analysis result, and retrieve the corresponding relationship between the installation direction number and the spatial arrangement number to obtain component participation sequence information; S113: Based on the component participation sequence information, combined with the construction size parameters, sorting and character segment splicing are performed to obtain the component number attribution and layout positioning identifier to obtain the classification code segment; S2: Using the classification coding segment, analyze the connection status of the lower node of the component and the arranged components, screen the locking status of the node-supported components, compare the matching relationship between the lower node of the current component and the registered nodes, adjust the arrangement authority and arrangement order, and generate support status feature information; The steps for obtaining the support state characteristic information are specifically as follows: S211: Obtain the classification code segment, analyze the connection status of the lower node of the component and the arranged components, filter the locking status and boundary number arrangement records of the node support component, and obtain the support node status value; S212: calling the support node status value, comparing the matching result of the current component lower connection node number with the registered node number list, identifying the unmatched node number, and generating the node matching difference; S213: adjusting the component arrangement authority and arrangement order according to the node matching difference, obtaining the component load arrangement status of each node, and generating support state feature information; S3: Analyze the continuity of the spatial coordinates of the component edges using the support state feature information, construct a closed boundary envelope, compare the overlapping areas of adjacent component shells, record the spatial areas where occlusion and mutual embedding occur, and obtain a collision component detection record; S4: Calculate the offset distance between the component's center of gravity and the bottom center based on the collision component detection record, analyze the geometric alignment relationship between the boundary contour and the center of gravity axis, set the component's design adjustment constraint range, and obtain the component adjustment configuration.

2. The method for designing prefabricated buildings based on BIM software according to claim 1, characterized in that: The classification coding segment includes component number attribution, layout positioning identifier, and character segment combination type; the support status feature information includes node connection relationship status, layout order adjustment mark, and unmatched node number; the collision component detection record includes spatial embedding area, boundary shell overlap relationship, and point set distribution density; the component adjustment configuration specifically includes center of gravity position offset, contour alignment relationship, and design adjustment boundary.

3. The method for designing prefabricated buildings based on BIM software according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the collision component detection record are specifically as follows: S311: Utilizing the support state feature information, extracting the spatial coordinates of the component edge points, analyzing the coordinate differences between the edge points of adjacent components, calculating the distribution density of the point set, selecting the edge and corner points that meet the equal spacing standard and forming a three-dimensional node group, thereby generating a continuous boundary node group; S312: constructing a minimum closed boundary region including all nodes according to the continuous boundary node group and outputting an envelope shell, calculating the overlapping region of the envelope shells of adjacent components, analyzing the degree of overlap, and obtaining the envelope shell overlapping region; S313: Based on the overlapping area of ​​the enveloping shell, calculate the volume of the overlapping area and the spatial distribution density of the point set in the visible area, analyze the density and embedding of the point set in the intersection area, calculate the collision degree coefficient, detect and record the spatial areas where occlusion and mutual embedding occur, and obtain the collision component detection record.

4. The method for designing prefabricated buildings based on BIM software according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the component adjustment configuration are specifically as follows: S411: Based on the collision component detection record, obtain the coordinates of the component geometric center point and the bottom reference center coordinates, calculate the offset distance between the component center of gravity and the bottom center, and obtain the center of gravity offset distance value; S412: Based on the gravity center offset distance value, the coordinates of the corner points on the outer edge of the boundary are collected, the component gravity center axis direction data is called, the angle between the main direction of the boundary contour and the gravity center axis direction is compared, and the error between the main direction of the boundary contour and the gravity center axis direction is calculated based on the spatial offset relationship to obtain the geometric alignment relationship parameters; S413: Calling the geometric alignment relationship parameters, combining the edge and corner point connection data, determining the outer contour shape distribution relationship, setting the design adjustment constraint range of the component based on the consistency between the alignment relationship parameters and the outer contour boundary, and obtaining the component adjustment configuration.

5. The method for designing prefabricated buildings based on BIM software according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: S5: using the component adjustment configuration, analyzing the vertical height difference distribution between the center of gravity position and the lifting connection point of each component, selecting components whose lifting direction is consistent with the center of gravity direction, analyzing the height fluctuation range between the lifting heights of the components, and adjusting the path assembly sequence of the components in the spatial layout diagram using the height difference sequence to obtain a segmented sequence of the path lifting sequence; The path hoisting sequence segment sequence specifically refers to the grouping of consistent hoisting directions, hoisting path sorting results, and height difference change intervals.

6. The method for designing prefabricated buildings based on BIM software according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the segmented sequence of the path hoisting order are specifically as follows: S511: Obtaining the component adjustment configuration, collecting the component center of gravity position and the vertical coordinates of the lifting connection point, calculating the vertical difference between each component lifting connection point and the center of gravity, and generating component vertical height difference data; S512: Based on the component vertical height difference data, select a group of components whose hoisting directions are consistent with the center of gravity direction, extract the hoisting heights of the grouped components, calculate the hoisting height dispersion score, and obtain the fluctuation range index; S513: calling the fluctuation range index, combining the component vertical height difference data, collecting the start and end point sequence of each group in the spatial layout diagram, adjusting the path sequence of the components in the group, and obtaining a segmented sequence of the path hoisting sequence.

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