Sensor optimization arrangement method and system for electric reactor magnetic field monitoring

Abstract

The invention discloses a sensor optimization arrangement method and system for electric reactor magnetic field monitoring. The method constructs a magnetic field model by acquiring reactor parameters, simulates magnetic field monitoring effects under different sensor arrangement schemes, evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of the schemes by taking monitoring precision, coverage and the like as indexes, and determines an optimal arrangement scheme through multiple iterations. The system comprises a parameter acquisition module, a model construction module, a simulation evaluation module and an optimization decision module which cooperatively realize sensor arrangement optimization. The monitoring accuracy and comprehensiveness of the magnetic field of the reactor can be improved, magnetic field abnormity can be found in time, and stable operation of a power system is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of power equipment monitoring, and particularly relates to a method and system for optimizing the layout of sensors for monitoring the magnetic field of a reactor. Background Art

[0002] As a key device in the power system, the operating state of a reactor is directly related to the stability and safety of the system. During operation, the reactor generates a magnetic field, and the distribution of the magnetic field reflects the working state of the reactor. An abnormal magnetic field may indicate potential faults in the reactor, such as inter-turn short circuits, local overheating, etc. Therefore, it is crucial to effectively monitor the magnetic field of the reactor.

[0003] Currently, in the monitoring of the reactor magnetic field, the layout of sensors is mostly based on experience or simple calculations. For example, the patent application with the publication number CN115541700A realizes the magnetic field monitoring of dry-type reactors by deploying sensors in an equidistant array on the inner and outer surfaces of the reactor. Another example is that the patent application with the publication number CN117929950A deploys sensors in a cylindrical coordinate system composed of the magnetic field discovery direction to capture the magnetic field state during inter-turn breakdown and monitor the internal magnetic field of dry-type air-core reactors.

[0004] This layout method has many problems: on the one hand, the layout of sensors lacks systematicness and scientificity, making it difficult to comprehensively and accurately monitor the magnetic field distribution of the reactor. Some areas may not be monitored, resulting in the inability to detect magnetic field anomalies in a timely manner; on the other hand, unreasonable deployment may cause interference between sensors, affecting the accuracy of monitoring data and unable to provide a reliable basis for evaluating the operating state of the reactor. For example, the patent application with the publication number CN117725831A accepts the axial magnetic field data of the reactor in normal and faulty states, and then uses the wolf pack algorithm to iteratively optimize the initial positions of the sensors to determine the optimal deployment positions of the sensors.

[0005] With the continuous increase in the capacity of the power system, the voltage level and capacity of the reactor are also constantly increasing. The traditional sensor layout method can no longer meet the requirements of high-precision magnetic field monitoring. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a way to optimize the layout of sensors, which can help optimize the sensor layout scheme, improve the rationality of sensor layout, and thus improve the accuracy of reactor magnetic field monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a method and system for optimizing the layout of sensors for monitoring the magnetic field of a reactor. By constructing a reactor magnetic field model to simulate the sensor deployment scheme, comprehensively considering the magnetic field monitoring accuracy, monitoring coverage, and interference degree between sensors, the sensor deployment scheme is iteratively adjusted and optimized, and finally the optimal sensor layout scheme is determined, thereby improving the accuracy of reactor magnetic field monitoring.

[0007] The present invention provides a method for optimizing the arrangement of sensors for monitoring the magnetic field of a reactor, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Obtain the structural parameters, electrical parameters, and operating environment parameters of the reactor;

[0009] Step 2: Construct a magnetic field model of the reactor based on the structural parameters, electrical parameters, and operating environment parameters;

[0010] Step 3: Set multiple initial sensor arrangement schemes, use the magnetic field model of the reactor to simulate the magnetic field monitoring situation under each initial scheme, and obtain monitoring data; the monitoring data includes the monitored magnetic field intensity at each set monitoring point in the magnetic field, the detectable magnetic field region, and the sensitivity coefficient of each sensor;

[0011] Step 4: Based on the monitoring data, analyze and evaluate each initial scheme to determine the advantages and disadvantages of each scheme, and select the current optimal scheme;

[0012] Step 5: Adjust the arrangement parameters of the current optimal scheme, use the magnetic field model of the reactor to repeatedly obtain monitoring data and evaluate the advantages and disadvantages until the optimization conditions are met, and determine the optimal sensor arrangement scheme.

[0013] Further, the structural parameters include the shape, size, and number of winding turns of the reactor;

[0014] The electrical parameters include the rated voltage, rated current, and inductance value;

[0015] The operating environment parameters include the position and material of surrounding metal components, and the ambient temperature.

[0016] Further, in Step 2, a finite element analysis method is used to construct the magnetic field model of the reactor, model the reactor and the surrounding space, set the material properties and boundary conditions, and solve the Maxwell equations;

[0017] The formula of the magnetic field model of the reactor is expressed as follows:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, is the curl operator, which is used to describe the rotation characteristics of the vector field; μ is the magnetic permeability; A is the magnetic vector potential, which is used to simplify the magnetic field calculation; j is the imaginary unit, which is used to represent the phase relationship in the AC circuit; ω is the angular frequency, σ is the conductivity, and J8 represents the source current density;

[0020] Further, in step 3, the initial sensor arrangement plan includes arranging Hall sensors on the surface of the reactor, arranging fluxgate sensors in a three-dimensional space around the reactor, and arranging fluxgate sensors in the surrounding space while arranging Hall sensors on the surface of the reactor.

[0021] Further, in step 4, the evaluation indexes include magnetic field monitoring accuracy, monitoring coverage ratio, and interference degree between sensors;

[0022] The magnetic field monitoring accuracy is obtained from the deviation between the monitoring data and the actual magnetic field value; the monitoring coverage ratio is the proportion of the monitorable magnetic field area in the total target area;

[0023] The interference degree between sensors is obtained from the mutual influence degree of the output signals of the sensors, and the acquisition formula is:

[0024]

[0025] where f3 is the interference degree between sensors, n is the number of sensors, k p and k q respectively represent the sensitivity coefficients of sensor p and sensor q, and d pq is the distance between sensor p and sensor q.

[0026] Further, the magnetic field monitoring accuracy, monitoring coverage ratio, and interference degree between sensors are fused to calculate the comprehensive evaluation value, and the fusion method is:

[0027]

[0028] where F is the comprehensive evaluation value, f1, f2, and f3 are the magnetic field monitoring accuracy, monitoring coverage ratio, and interference degree between sensors respectively; α1, α2, and α3 are the dynamic weights of f1, f2, and f3 respectively, and S 2th is the preset threshold of the monitoring coverage ratio.

[0029] Further, each initial plan is analyzed according to the evaluation indexes combined with the comprehensive evaluation value to determine the advantages and disadvantages of each plan, and the current optimal plan is selected. Specifically:

[0030] The advantages and disadvantages of the initial plans are initially judged pairwise; when the comprehensive evaluation value of plan A is greater than that of plan B and at least one evaluation index is greater than that of plan B, it is considered that plan A is superior to plan B;

[0031] The number of times each initial plan is superior to other initial plans is counted, and the initial plan corresponding to the maximum number of times is selected as the current optimal plan;

[0032] If there are multiple initial solutions with the same maximum number of occurrences, select the initial solution corresponding to the maximum comprehensive evaluation value as the current optimal solution.

[0033] Further, analyze the evaluation indicators of the current optimal solution to determine the adjustable parameters;

[0034] Obtain the magnetic field gradient region and the complex magnetic field region according to the reactor magnetic field model; obtain the monitoring blind area according to the total target area and the measurable magnetic field area; the magnetic field gradient region and the complex magnetic field region are regions where the magnetic field strength or direction has continuous and irregular changes;

[0035] If the magnetic field monitoring accuracy is less than the magnetic field monitoring accuracy threshold, the adjustable parameter is the sensor position; the adjustment method is to move the sensor towards the magnetic field gradient region;

[0036] If the monitoring coverage is less than the preset coverage ratio threshold, the adjustable parameter is the number of sensors; the adjustment method is to increase the number of sensors in the monitoring blind area and the complex magnetic field region;

[0037] If the interference degree between sensors is greater than the interference degree threshold between sensors, the adjustable parameter is the monitoring position of the sensors; then the adjustment method is to increase the distance between the sensors.

[0038] Further, the optimization conditions are:

[0039] [F≥F]∧[f1≥f1]∧[f2≥f2]∧[f3≤f3];

[0040] Among them, F and F are the comprehensive evaluation value and the preset comprehensive evaluation value respectively; f1 and f1 are the magnetic field monitoring accuracy and the magnetic field monitoring accuracy threshold respectively; f2 and f2 are the monitoring coverage ratio and the monitoring coverage threshold respectively; f3 and f3 are the interference degree between sensors and the interference degree threshold between sensors respectively, and the symbol ∧ represents the AND operation.

[0041] A sensor optimal layout system for reactor magnetic field monitoring is also proposed, including:

[0042] A parameter acquisition module for obtaining the structural parameters, electrical parameters, and operating environment parameters of the reactor;

[0043] A model construction module for constructing a reactor magnetic field model based on the structural parameters, electrical parameters, and operating environment parameters;

[0044] A simulation evaluation module for setting multiple initial sensor layout solutions, simulating the magnetic field monitoring situation under each initial solution using the reactor magnetic field model to obtain monitoring data; based on the monitoring data, analyzing and evaluating each initial solution to determine the advantages and disadvantages of each solution, and selecting the current optimal solution;

[0045] The optimization decision-making module adjusts the layout parameters of the current optimal solution, repeatedly executes obtaining monitoring data from the reactor magnetic field model and evaluating its advantages and disadvantages until the optimization conditions are met, and determines the optimal sensor layout plan.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows. Compared with the prior art:

[0047] 1. By simulating different sensor layout plans, the present invention can automatically select the optimal sensor deployment plan according to the structural electrical parameters and environmental factors of the reactor, and perform iterative optimization to obtain the best plan. Compared with the traditional deployment method based on experience or simple calculation, the method of the present invention can deploy sensors scientifically and systematically, ensuring that the magnetic field at each monitoring point in the reactor magnetic field can be effectively captured, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of reactor magnetic field monitoring.

[0048] 2. By simulating and evaluating the initial sensor layout plan, the present invention can accurately calculate the monitoring effects of each sensor at different positions and layouts based on the reactor magnetic field model, avoid blind spots or data deviations that may exist in the traditional layout method, ensure that the operating state of the reactor can be reliably evaluated, and provide accurate data support for subsequent iterative optimization.

[0049] 3. The present invention adopts an optimization method based on simulation. With constraints such as maximizing monitoring accuracy, minimizing the number of sensors, and minimizing mutual interference between sensors, through the collaborative optimization of multiple objectives, a sensor layout plan that better meets the actual needs is obtained. By optimization, the number of sensors used is reasonably reduced. Compared with the traditional layout method, the number of sensors is reduced by 30%-40%. The wiring complexity and equipment cost are reduced, and the utilization efficiency of sensor resources is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of the sensor optimization layout method of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the sensor optimization layout system of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described in the present invention are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the spirit of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts according to the embodiments recorded in the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0053] An embodiment of a sensor optimization arrangement method for monitoring the magnetic field of a reactor proposed by the present invention:

[0054] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 The figure is a schematic flow chart of the sensor optimization arrangement method of the present invention.

[0055] Step 1: Obtain the structural parameters, electrical parameters, and operating environment parameters of the reactor.

[0056] Taking the dry-type air-core reactor of a 110kV substation as an example, the parameter collection personnel obtained the parameters of the reactor through on-site measurement and consulting the equipment data. The diameter of the reactor measured by the measuring tool is 2m, the height is 3m, and the number of winding turns is 500 turns; the rated voltage is 110kV, the rated current is 800A, and the inductance is 0.15H from the equipment nameplate; the surrounding environment is surveyed and recorded that there is a metal fence around it, the distance from the reactor is 1.5m, the material is stainless steel, and the ambient temperature is 25℃.

[0057] Step 2: Construct the reactor magnetic field model.

[0058] The reactor and the surrounding space are modeled using finite element analysis software ANSYS Maxwell according to the obtained reactor parameters. In this embodiment, the reactor winding is set to copper material with a conductivity of 5.8×10^7S / m (Siemens per meter) and a magnetic permeability of 4π×10^-7H / m (Henry per meter); the magnetic permeability of the surrounding air is set to 4π×10^-7H / m (Henry per meter).

[0059] The boundary conditions are set as follows: On the outer boundary of the space around the reactor, the magnetic field is assumed to be 0, that is, the magnetic vector potential A is 0. This is because the magnetic field strength will approach zero far away from the reactor. Inside the winding, the source current density J8 needs to be given. At the same time, at the interface between the winding and the insulating material or air, the continuity condition of the magnetic vector potential A needs to be met, that is, A1 = A2, where A1 and A2 are the magnetic vector potentials on both sides of the interface.

[0060] Solving Maxwell's equations gives the reactor magnetic field model, which can be expressed as

[0061] in, is the curl operator, which is used to describe the rotation characteristics of the vector field; μ is the magnetic permeability, which describes the material's ability to conduct magnetic lines of force in a magnetic field;

[0062] A is the magnetic vector potential, which is a vector used to simplify the magnetic field calculation. After obtaining the magnetic vector potential A, it can be Calculate the magnetic induction intensity B, and then analyze the magnetic field distribution inside and around the reactor. j is the imaginary unit, used to represent the phase relationship in an AC circuit; ω is the angular frequency, and its formula is ω = 2πf, where f is the frequency of the power supply, and f is 50Hz in the power system; σ is the conductivity, that is, the ability to conduct current; J8 represents the source current density, which represents the current distribution provided by the external power supply and is related to the number of turns of the reactor, the current, and the cross-sectional area of the winding.

[0063] In this embodiment, three initial schemes for sensor arrangement are set;

[0064] Scheme 1: Uniformly arrange 5 Hall sensors on the surface of the reactor;

[0065] Scheme 2: Arrange 8 fluxgate sensors in a three-dimensional distribution in the space around the reactor;

[0066] Scheme 3: Arrange 3 Hall sensors on the surface of the reactor and 4 fluxgate sensors in the surrounding space. Tables 1 to 3 respectively give the specific arrangement methods of the sensors in the three schemes.

[0067] Table 1 Specific arrangement method of the reactor sensors in Scheme 1

[0068] Sensor Number Location Description A-1 Center of the top of the reactor A-2 Upper middle part of the side of the reactor A-3 Center of the bottom of the reactor A-4 Lower middle part of the other side of the reactor A-5 Center of the front of the reactor

[0069] Table 2 Specific arrangement method of the reactor sensors in Scheme 2

[0070] Sensor Number Location Description B-1 Center position 0.2 m above the top of the reactor B2 Horizontal distance of 0.3 m from the side of the reactor and at the same height as the middle part B-3 Center position 0.1 m below the bottom of the reactor B-4 Diagonally above the reactor, 0.25 m away from both the top and the side B-5 Diagonally below the reactor, 0.2 m away from both the bottom and the side B-6 Center position 0.3 m horizontally from the front face of the reactor B-7 Center position 0.3 m horizontally from the rear face of the reactor B-8 In the upper corner of the reactor, 0.2 m away from the top and both sides

[0071] Table 3 Specific arrangement method of the reactor sensors in Scheme 3

[0072]

[0073] Step 3: Use the reactor magnetic field model for simulation monitoring. Set virtual sensors in the reactor magnetic field model to simulate the signal output of the sensors under the three initial schemes of sensor arrangement, and obtain the monitored magnetic field intensity, the monitorable magnetic field region, and the sensitivity coefficient of each sensor at different monitoring points.

[0074] Step 4: Evaluate the three initial schemes of sensor arrangement; the evaluation indicators include magnetic field monitoring accuracy, monitoring coverage, and interference degree between sensors;

[0075] Obtain the magnetic field monitoring accuracy through the deviation between the monitoring data and the actual magnetic field value, and the acquisition formula is:

[0076]

[0077] In this formula, f1 is the magnetic field monitoring accuracy, m is the number of monitoring points in the magnetic field, B true(j) is the true magnetic field strength at the j-th monitoring point in the magnetic field, B measured (j) is the monitored magnetic field strength at the j-th monitoring point in the magnetic field;

[0078] Taking the proportion of the detectable magnetic field area in the total target area as the monitoring coverage ratio, the acquisition formula is:

[0079]

[0080] In this formula, f2 is the monitoring coverage ratio, V covered is the detectable magnetic field area, V total is the total target area;

[0081] Obtain the interference degree between sensors through the mutual influence degree of the output signals of the sensors. The acquisition formula is:

[0082]

[0083] Among them, f3 is the interference degree between sensors, n is the number of sensors, k p and k q respectively represent the sensitivity coefficients of sensor p and sensor q, d pq is the distance between sensor p and sensor q.

[0084] Based on the evaluation index, calculate and analyze the monitoring data of each scheme to obtain:

[0085] Magnetic field monitoring accuracy: 85% for Scheme 1, 90% for Scheme 2, and 92% for Scheme 3;

[0086] Monitoring coverage: 70% for Scheme 1, 80% for Scheme 2, and 85% for Scheme 3;

[0087] Interference degree between sensors: 35% for Scheme 1, 26% for Scheme 2, and 25% for Scheme 3.

[0088] Combining the magnetic field monitoring accuracy, monitoring coverage, and interference degree between sensors, calculate the comprehensive evaluation value of each scheme according to the comprehensive evaluation value formula. The calculation formula is:

[0089]

[0090] Among them, F is the comprehensive evaluation value, f1, f2, and f3 are the magnetic field monitoring accuracy, monitoring coverage ratio, and interference degree between sensors respectively; α1, α2, and α3 are the dynamic weights of f1, f2, and f3 respectively, and S 2th is the preset threshold of the monitoring coverage ratio.

[0091] Analyze each initial scheme according to the evaluation indicators combined with the comprehensive evaluation value, determine the advantages and disadvantages of each scheme, and select the current optimal scheme. Specifically:

[0092] Preliminarily judge the superiority and inferiority relationship between pairwise initial schemes; when the comprehensive evaluation value of scheme A is greater than that of scheme B, and there is at least one evaluation indicator greater than that of scheme B, then scheme A is considered superior to scheme B.

[0093] Count the number of times each initial scheme is superior to other initial schemes, and select the initial scheme corresponding to the maximum number of times as the current optimal scheme.

[0094] If there are multiple initial schemes with the same maximum number of times, select the initial scheme corresponding to the maximum comprehensive evaluation value as the current optimal scheme.

[0095] In this embodiment, scheme three is determined as the current optimal scheme through the above method.

[0096] Step 5: Optimize the layout scheme; in this embodiment, a simulation-based optimization method is used to adjust the sensor layout parameters of scheme three. By changing the sensor position, increasing the number of sensors, and adjusting the distance between sensors, re-simulate the monitoring and evaluation after adjustment. The adjustment of sensor position, quantity, and distance is based on the following:

[0097] Changing the sensor position will affect its perception of the magnetic field. Specifically, sensors closer to the reactor winding can monitor a stronger magnetic field intensity, and the detectable area will change the coverage range and shape as the position changes. According to the attenuation characteristic of the magnetic field intensity with distance, deploying sensors in areas with a large magnetic field change gradient can obtain richer magnetic field change information and thus improve the monitoring accuracy. For example, at the corners of the reactor, the magnetic field gradient is large, and deploying sensors here can better capture the rapid changes in the magnetic field.

[0098] Increasing the number of sensors can improve the spatial resolution of monitoring, making the detailed information of the magnetic field area that can be monitored richer, covering the magnetic field space more comprehensively, and reducing the monitoring blind area, but it will also increase the cost and data processing volume at the same time. Reducing the number of sensors is the opposite. If reasonably arranged, the cost and data processing difficulty can be reduced on the premise of ensuring the monitoring effect. For example, in a large-area uniform magnetic field area, appropriately reducing the number of sensors has a small impact on the overall monitoring effect; while in a complex magnetic field area, increasing the number of sensors can improve the monitoring effect.

[0099] Regarding the adjustment of the sensor spacing, the sensitivity coefficient of the sensor is also affected by the spatial arrangement. Different distance distributions will cause differences in the response ability of the sensor to local magnetic field changes. By reasonably adjusting the distance between the sensors, the coverage density and spatial resolution ability of the magnetic field signal can be optimized, so that the sensitivity coefficient can reach a better distribution in the key area, thereby improving the monitoring effect. For example, in the area with a large magnetic field change gradient, appropriately reducing the sensor spacing can improve the ability to capture local magnetic field fluctuations; while in the area with relatively stable changes, the spacing can be appropriately increased to reduce redundant monitoring and interference overlap.

[0100] The steps of optimizing the layout plan are specifically described as follows:

[0101] Obtain the magnetic field gradient area and the magnetic field complex area according to the reactor magnetic field model; obtain the monitoring blind area according to the total target area and the measurable magnetic field area; the magnetic field gradient area and the magnetic field complex area are respectively the areas where the magnetic field intensity or direction has continuous and irregular changes;

[0102] Analyze the evaluation indexes of the current optimal plan and determine the adjustable parameters;

[0103] If the magnetic field monitoring accuracy is less than the magnetic field monitoring accuracy threshold, the adjustable parameter is the sensor position; the adjustment method is to move the sensor towards the magnetic field gradient area;

[0104] If the monitoring coverage is less than the preset coverage ratio threshold, the adjustable parameter is the number of sensors; the adjustment method is to increase the number of sensors in the monitoring blind area and the magnetic field complex area;

[0105] If the interference degree between sensors is greater than the interference degree threshold between sensors, the adjustable parameter is the monitoring position of the sensors; then the adjustment method is to increase the distance between the sensors.

[0106] According to the analysis of the evaluation indexes in the third plan of this embodiment, the following adjustments are made to the third plan:

[0107] Table 4 Adjustment description of Plan Three

[0108]

[0109] After the first simulation adjustment, the magnetic field monitoring accuracy in the evaluation indexes is 93%, the monitoring coverage is 88%, and the interference degree between sensors is 22%. After the second simulation adjustment, the magnetic field monitoring accuracy in the evaluation indexes is 94%, the monitoring coverage is 90%, and the interference degree between sensors is 18%.

[0110] After multiple iterations, an optimal solution was finally determined, which involves arranging 5 Hall sensors on the surface of the reactor, 7 fluxgate sensors in the surrounding space, with a sensor spacing of 0.2 - 0.3 m, and a 45° inclination in the vertical axial + radial direction. At this time, the comprehensive evaluation value reaches 0.939, the monitoring accuracy reaches 96%, the coverage range reaches 93%, and the interference degree between sensors reaches 8%, meeting the optimization conditions.

[0111] The optimization conditions are as follows:

[0112]

[0113] Among them, F and F are the comprehensive evaluation value and the preset comprehensive evaluation value respectively; f1 and are the magnetic field monitoring accuracy and the magnetic field monitoring accuracy threshold respectively; f2 and are the monitoring coverage ratio and the monitoring coverage threshold respectively; f3 and are the interference degree between sensors and the interference degree threshold between sensors respectively. The symbol ∧ represents the AND operation.

[0114] The optimization conditions set in this embodiment are: a preset comprehensive evaluation value of 0.92, a magnetic field monitoring accuracy threshold of 95%, a monitoring coverage ratio threshold of 90%, and an interference degree threshold between sensors of 10%.

[0115] An implementation case of a sensor optimal layout system for reactor magnetic field monitoring proposed by the present invention:

[0116] Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 which is the structural schematic diagram of the sensor optimal layout system of the present invention.

[0117] 1. Parameter acquisition module: Through means such as the data interface with the reactor monitoring system and the drawing scanning device, it acquires the parameters of the reactor and transmits them to the model construction module. Structural parameters, such as the number of winding turns, core size, shape, etc.; electrical parameters, including current magnitude, voltage, frequency, etc.; and operating environment parameters, including temperature, humidity, etc.

[0118] 2. Model construction module: Using ANSYS Maxwell software, it receives the reactor parameters from the parameter acquisition module, completes the construction and update of the reactor magnetic field model, and provides a magnetic field simulation environment for the simulation evaluation module.

[0119] 3. Simulation evaluation module: It is built-in with various sensor layout scheme setting programs, monitoring data acquisition algorithms, and evaluation index calculation programs. It can quickly simulate the magnetic field monitoring situation under different layout schemes and output the evaluation results to the optimization decision module.

[0120] 4. Optimization Decision-making Module: Using a PLC as the controller, it receives the evaluation results output by the simulation evaluation module, runs the layout parameter adjustment and optimization algorithm to adjust the layout plan parameters, controls the simulation evaluation module to conduct the next round of simulation evaluation until the optimal layout plan is determined, and outputs the plan for actual sensor layout.

[0121] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications or equivalent replacements can still be made to the specific implementation manners of the present invention, and any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the layout of sensors for monitoring the magnetic field of a reactor, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Obtain the structural parameters, electrical parameters, and operating environment parameters of the reactor; Step 2: Construct a magnetic field model of the reactor based on the structural parameters, electrical parameters, and operating environment parameters; Step 3: Set multiple initial sensor layout schemes, use the magnetic field model of the reactor to simulate the magnetic field monitoring situation under each initial scheme, and obtain monitoring data; Step 4: Based on the monitoring data, analyze and evaluate each initial scheme to determine the advantages and disadvantages of each scheme, and select the current optimal scheme; Step 5: Adjust the layout parameters of the current optimal scheme, and use the magnetic field model of the reactor to repeatedly obtain monitoring data and evaluate the advantages and disadvantages until the optimization conditions are met, and determine the optimal sensor layout scheme.

2. A method for optimizing the layout of sensors for magnetic field monitoring of a reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structural parameters include the shape, size, and number of winding turns of the reactor; The electrical parameters include the rated voltage, rated current, and inductance value; The operating environment parameters include the position and material of surrounding metal components and the ambient temperature.

3. A method for optimizing the layout of sensors for magnetic field monitoring of a reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, a finite element analysis method is used to construct a magnetic field model of the reactor, model the reactor and the surrounding space, set the material properties and boundary conditions, and solve the Maxwell equations; The formula of the magnetic field model of the reactor is expressed as follows: Among them, is the curl operator, used to describe the rotation characteristics of a vector field; μ is the magnetic permeability; A is the magnetic vector potential, used to simplify the calculation of the magnetic field; j is the imaginary unit, used to represent the phase relationship in an AC circuit; ω is the angular frequency, σ is the conductivity, and J8 represents the source current density.

4. A method for optimizing the layout of sensors for magnetic field monitoring of a reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the initial sensor layout schemes include arranging Hall sensors on the surface of the reactor, arranging fluxgate sensors in a three-dimensional manner in the surrounding space of the reactor, and arranging Hall sensors on the surface of the reactor and fluxgate sensors in the surrounding space at the same time.

5. A method for optimizing the layout of sensors for magnetic field monitoring of a reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, the evaluation indicators include the magnetic field monitoring accuracy, the monitoring coverage ratio, and the degree of interference between sensors; The magnetic field monitoring accuracy is obtained through the deviation between the monitoring data and the actual magnetic field value; the monitoring coverage ratio is the ratio of the monitorable magnetic field area to the total target area; The degree of interference between sensors is obtained through the mutual influence degree of the output signals of the sensors, and the acquisition formula is: Among them, f3 is the degree of interference between sensors, n is the number of sensors, k p and k q respectively represent the sensitivity coefficients of sensor p and sensor q, d pq is the distance between sensor p and sensor q.

6. A method for optimizing the layout of sensors for magnetic field monitoring of a reactor according to claim 5, based on the evaluation indicators to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each scheme, characterized in that: The magnetic field monitoring accuracy, the monitoring coverage ratio, and the degree of interference between sensors are fused and calculated to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value, and the fusion method is: Among them, F is the comprehensive evaluation value, f1, f2, and f3 are the magnetic field monitoring accuracy, the proportion of the monitoring coverage range, and the degree of interference between sensors respectively; α1, α2, and α3 are the dynamic weights of f1, f2, and f3 respectively, and S 2th is the preset threshold value of the monitoring coverage range ratio.

7. A method for optimizing the layout of sensors for magnetic field monitoring of a reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: Analyze each initial scheme according to the evaluation indicators in combination with the comprehensive evaluation value to determine the advantages and disadvantages of each scheme, and select the current optimal scheme, specifically: Preliminarily judge the superiority and inferiority relationship between the initial schemes pairwise; when the comprehensive evaluation value of scheme A is greater than that of scheme B, and at least one evaluation indicator is greater than that of scheme B, then scheme A is considered superior to scheme B; Count the number of times each initial solution is better than other initial solutions, and select the initial solution corresponding to the maximum number of times as the current optimal solution; If there are multiple initial solutions with the same maximum number of times, select the initial solution corresponding to the maximum comprehensive evaluation value as the current optimal solution.

8. The method for optimizing the layout of sensors for monitoring the magnetic field of a reactor according to claim 1, wherein The process of adjusting the current optimal solution is as follows: Analyze the evaluation indicators of the current optimal solution to determine the adjustable parameters; If the magnetic field monitoring accuracy is less than the magnetic field monitoring accuracy threshold, the adjustable parameter is the sensor position; the adjustment method is to move the sensor towards the magnetic field gradient region; If the monitoring coverage range is less than the preset coverage range ratio threshold, the adjustable parameter is the number of sensors; the adjustment method is to increase the number of sensors in the monitoring blind area and the magnetic field complex area; If the interference degree between sensors is greater than the interference degree threshold between sensors, the adjustable parameter is the sensor monitoring position; then the adjustment method is to increase the distance between sensors.

9. A method for optimizing the layout of sensors for magnetic field monitoring of a reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optimization conditions are: [F≥F]∧[f1≥f1]∧[f2≥f2]∧[f3≤f3]; Wherein, F and F are the comprehensive evaluation value and the preset comprehensive evaluation value respectively; f1 and f1 are the magnetic field monitoring accuracy and the magnetic field monitoring accuracy threshold respectively; f2 and f2 are the monitoring coverage range ratio and the monitoring coverage range threshold respectively; f3 and f3 are the interference degree between sensors and the interference degree threshold between sensors respectively, and the symbol ∧ represents the AND operation.

10. A sensor optimization layout system for reactor magnetic field monitoring, characterized in that, It includes: A parameter acquisition module for obtaining the structural parameters, electrical parameters and operating environment parameters of the reactor; A model construction module for constructing a reactor magnetic field model according to the structural parameters, electrical parameters and operating environment parameters; A simulation evaluation module for setting multiple initial sensor layout solutions, simulating the magnetic field monitoring situation under each initial solution by using the reactor magnetic field model, and obtaining monitoring data; Based on the monitoring data, analyze and evaluate each initial solution to determine the advantages and disadvantages of each solution, and select the current optimal solution; An optimization decision module for adjusting the layout parameters of the current optimal solution, repeating the execution of the reactor magnetic field model to obtain monitoring data and evaluating the advantages and disadvantages until the optimization conditions are met, and determining the optimal sensor layout solution.

Images