Aquaculture upwelling generating device design method and upwelling generating device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of artificial upwelling generation devices, and provides an aquaculture upwelling generation device design method and an upwelling generation device.According to the arrangement of a round tube in a culture area, one end of the round tube is fixed through a floating ball and a cable connected between the floating ball and the round tube; the other end of the circular pipe is fixed through a fixing device fixed to the seabed and a mooring rope connected between the fixing device and the circular pipe; the circular pipe is obliquely arranged in seawater at the designed circular pipe inclination; the device is simple in structure and low in manufacturing, operation and maintenance cost, the round pipe obliquely arranged in seawater can achieve the purpose that lower-layer seawater rises under the action of the flow velocity of the bottom-layer seawater, other power devices are not needed, the device can be accepted by aquaculture farmers, and a good effect can be achieved; meanwhile, the inclination of the circular pipe is determined according to the bottom seawater flow velocity, the distance from the bottom end face of the circular pipe to the seabed and the length of the circular pipe, and the lower seawater rising effect can be optimal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of the design of artificial upwelling generating devices, and particularly relates to a design method for an upwelling generating device for aquaculture and an upwelling generating device. Background Art

[0002] Aquaculture belongs to low-carbon farming. For example, when cultivating kelp, the kelp utilizes photosynthesis to absorb carbon dioxide in seawater. However, continuous aquaculture over the years has caused the phenomenon of nutrient poverty in the upper water layer of aquaculture areas, affecting the normal growth of aquaculture products and even leading to the disease of aquaculture products. In order to enable the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry, it is urgent to solve the problem of lack of nutrients in the upper water layer of aquaculture areas through an artificial upwelling generating device.

[0003] The inventor found that traditional artificial upwelling generating devices have a relatively complex structure, relatively high production and operation and maintenance costs. For aquaculture farmers or breeding enterprises, especially for small-scale aquaculture households with limited funds, the adoption of traditional artificial upwelling generating devices will undoubtedly significantly increase production and operation costs, thus restricting the development of the aquaculture industry and the application of artificial upwelling generating devices. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a design method for an upwelling generating device for aquaculture and an upwelling generating device, which has a simple structure, relatively low production and operation and maintenance costs, can achieve the purpose of rising of the lower-layer seawater under the action of the flow rate of the bottom seawater, and does not require other power devices; at the same time, the inclination of the circular pipe is determined according to the flow rate of the bottom seawater, the distance from the bottom end surface of the circular pipe to the seabed, and the length of the circular pipe, which can make the rising effect of the lower-layer seawater reach the best.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, in the first aspect, the present invention provides a design method for an upwelling generating device for aquaculture, and adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A design method for an upwelling generating device for aquaculture includes the setting of a circular pipe in a breeding area and the design of the inclination of the circular pipe.

[0007] The setting of the circular pipe in the breeding area includes: one end of the circular pipe is fixed through a floating ball floating on the seawater surface in the breeding area and a cable connected between the floating ball and the circular pipe; the other end of the circular pipe is fixed through a fixing device fixed to the seabed and a cable connected between the fixing device and the circular pipe; the circular pipe is inclined and arranged in the seawater with a designed inclination of the circular pipe.

[0008] The design of the inclination of the circular pipe includes: the inclination of the circular pipe is the angle between the axis of the circular pipe and the horizontal plane; the inclination of the circular pipe is determined according to the velocity of the bottom-layer seawater, the distance from the bottom end face of the circular pipe to the seabed, and the length of the circular pipe.

[0009] Further, the cable penetrates through the entire circular pipe, and both ends of the cable are respectively connected to the floating ball and the fixing device.

[0010] Further, a plurality of fixing brackets are arranged inside the circular pipe, and the cable penetrates through and is fixed at the central position of the fixing brackets.

[0011] Further, the fixing bracket includes a fixing hole for the cable to penetrate through; a plurality of fixing rods are arranged on the circumference outside the fixing hole for connecting the fixing hole with the inner wall of the circular pipe.

[0012] Further, the total length L of the cable is determined according to the seawater depth and the horizontal distance from the floating ball to the fixing device:

[0013]

[0014] where D is the seawater depth; H is the horizontal distance from the floating ball to the fixing device.

[0015] Further, the bottom end opening of the circular pipe is arranged in a flared shape.

[0016] Further, the determination of the length of the circular pipe includes:

[0017] Determine a plane coordinate system, with the coordinate origin directly below the seabed position where the fixing device is located. The vertical distance between the coordinate origin and the fixing device is a. Take the projection line of the connection line between the fixing device and the floating ball on the plane passing through the coordinate origin and parallel to the seabed as the horizontal coordinate axis, with the positive direction towards the floating ball side, and take the vertical upward direction as the positive direction of the vertical coordinate axis;

[0018] Calculate the vertical distance a between the coordinate origin and the fixing device. The calculation formula is L = asinh(H / a), where H is the horizontal distance from the floating ball to the fixing device and L is the total length of the cable;

[0019] Calculate the horizontal distance H between the center of the bottom end opening of the circular pipe and the fixing device b , and the calculation formula is a + D b = acosh(H b / a), D b is the distance from the center of the bottom end opening of the circular pipe to the seabed;

[0020] Calculate the horizontal distance H between the center of the upper end opening of the circular pipe and the fixing device t , and the formula is a + D - D t = acosh(Ht / a), D t is the distance between the upper opening of the circular pipe and the sea surface.

[0021] Calculate the length of the circular pipe S = asinh(H t / a) - asinh(H b / a).

[0022] Furthermore, according to the designed inclination of the circular pipe, a cable is respectively arranged at both ends of the raft frame rope through a floating ball and a fixing device, and the circular pipe is arranged on each cable.

[0023] To achieve the above object, in a second aspect, the present invention also provides an upwelling generating device for aquaculture, adopting the following technical solution:

[0024] An upwelling generating device for aquaculture is obtained by the design method of the upwelling generating device for aquaculture as described in the first aspect.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] In the present invention, the setting of the circular pipe in the aquaculture area includes: one end of the circular pipe is fixed through a floating ball floating on the sea surface of the aquaculture area and a cable connected between the floating ball and the circular pipe; the other end of the circular pipe is fixed through a fixing device fixed to the seabed and a cable connected between the fixing device and the circular pipe; the circular pipe is inclined in the seawater at the designed inclination of the circular pipe; the structure is simple, the manufacturing and operation and maintenance costs are relatively low, and the circular pipe inclined in the seawater can achieve the purpose of rising of the lower-layer seawater under the action of the flow rate of the bottom-layer seawater, without the need for other power devices, which can be accepted by aquaculture farmers and can achieve good effects; at the same time, the inclination of the circular pipe is determined according to the flow rate of the bottom-layer seawater, the distance from the bottom end surface of the circular pipe to the seabed, and the length of the circular pipe, which can make the rising effect of the lower-layer seawater reach the best. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings forming a part of this embodiment are used to provide a further understanding of this embodiment. The schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof of this embodiment are used to explain this embodiment and do not constitute an improper limitation to this embodiment.

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the design device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the fixing bracket of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the usage state of the device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of process parameters for determining the length of the circular tube in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Wherein, 1. Floating ball; 2. Cable; 3. Upper opening of the circular tube; 4. Circular tube; 5. Fixed bracket; 51. Fixed hole; 53. Fixed rod; 6. Lower opening of the circular tube; 7. Fixing device; 8. Raft frame rope; 9. Aquaculture products. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0034] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further description of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present application belongs.

[0035] Embodiment 1:

[0036] Traditional artificial upwelling generating devices have relatively complex structures, relatively high manufacturing and operation and maintenance costs. For aquaculture farmers or enterprises, especially for individual aquaculture households with limited funds, the adoption of traditional artificial upwelling generating devices will undoubtedly significantly increase production and operation costs, thus restricting the development of the aquaculture industry and the application of artificial upwelling generating devices. To address the above problems, as Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides a design method for an aquaculture upwelling generating device, including the setting of the circular tube 4 in the aquaculture area and the design of the inclination of the circular tube 4;

[0037] The setting of the circular tube 4 in the aquaculture area includes: one end of the circular tube 4 is fixed by a floating ball 1 floating on the surface of the seawater in the aquaculture area and a cable 2 connected between the floating ball 1 and the circular tube 4; the other end of the circular tube 4 is fixed by a fixing device 7 fixed to the seabed and a cable 2 connected between the fixing device 7 and the circular tube 4; the circular tube 4 is inclined and arranged in the seawater at the designed inclination of the circular tube; the fixing device 7 can adopt a sinking stone or an anchor, etc.;

[0038] The design of the inclination of the circular tube includes: the inclination of the circular tube is the angle between the axis of the circular tube and the horizontal plane; the inclination of the circular tube is determined according to the bottom seawater flow velocity, the distance from the bottom end surface of the circular tube to the seabed, and the length of the circular tube.

[0039] Specifically, the upwelling device obtained by the design method of this embodiment has a simple structure, low manufacturing and operation and maintenance costs, and the inclined circular tube 4 arranged in seawater can achieve the purpose of rising of the lower-layer seawater under the action of the bottom-layer seawater flow velocity. No other power device is required, which can be accepted by aquaculture farmers and can achieve good results. At the same time, the inclination of the circular tube is determined according to the bottom-layer seawater flow velocity, the distance from the bottom end surface of the circular tube to the seabed, and the length of the circular tube, which can make the rising effect of the lower-layer seawater reach the best.

[0040] Optionally, in this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the cable 2 penetrates through the entire circular tube 4, and both ends of the cable 2 are respectively connected to the floating ball 1 and the fixing device 7. A plurality of fixing brackets 7 are arranged in the circular tube 4, and the cable 2 penetrates through and is fixed at the central position of the fixing bracket 5.

[0041] Optionally, the fixing bracket 5 includes a fixing hole 51 for penetrating the cable 2; a plurality of fixing rods 52 are arranged on the circumference outside the fixing hole 51 for connecting the fixing hole 51 with the inner wall of the circular tube 4.

[0042] In this embodiment, the inclination of the circular tube is:

[0043] θ = -αT + βV

[0044] where θ is the inclination of the circular tube; T is the distance from the bottom end surface of the circular tube to the seabed, which can be obtained by measurement; V is the bottom-layer seawater flow velocity, which can be obtained by measurement; α and β are coefficients, which can be determined by experience, experiments or historical data. For example, through a large amount of historical data, when θ is known, they can be obtained by methods such as the least squares method.

[0045] Furthermore, in order to better determine the inclination of the circular tube and considering the length of the circular tube, the inclination of the circular tube is determined according to the bottom-layer seawater flow velocity, the distance from the bottom end surface of the circular tube to the seabed, and the length of the circular tube. At this time, the inclination of the circular tube is:

[0046] θ = -αT + βV + γS

[0047] where S is the length of the circular tube; γ is a coefficient. Similarly, the coefficients α, β and γ can be determined by experience, experiments or historical data. For example, through a large amount of historical data, when θ is known, they can be obtained by methods such as the least squares method.

[0048] In this embodiment, the cable is arranged according to the same catenary parameters as the center line of the circular tube. According to the water depth D and the set horizontal distance H between the floating ball and the fixing device, the length L of the cable is determined according to the formula:

[0049]

[0050] Among them, according to the average thickness δ of the seabed boundary layer observed by the flow velocity profiler, the distance D from the center of the circular pipe inlet to the seabed is determined. b , D b = δ; According to the length of the kelp and the water depth, the distance D from the outlet of the circular pipe to the sea surface is determined. t , D t = 0 to 4 m. When the water depth is relatively shallow, the outlet of the circular pipe can be set on the sea surface.

[0051] As Figure 4 shown, the method for determining the length of the circular pipe includes the following steps:

[0052] S1. Determine the plane coordinate system. The coordinate origin is located directly below the seabed position where the fixing device is located. The vertical distance between the coordinate origin and the fixing device is a. The projection line of the connection line between the fixing device and the floating ball on the plane passing through the coordinate origin and parallel to the seabed is used as the horizontal coordinate axis, and the positive direction is towards the floating ball side. The vertical upward direction is used as the positive direction of the vertical coordinate axis.

[0053] S2. Calculate the vertical distance a between the coordinate origin and the fixing device. The calculation formula is L = asinh(H / a).

[0054] S3. Calculate the horizontal distance H between the center of the bottom opening of the circular pipe and the fixing device b , and the calculation formula is a + D b = acosh(H b / a).

[0055] S4. Calculate the horizontal distance H between the center of the upper opening of the circular pipe and the fixing device t , and the formula is a + D - D t = acosh(H t / a).

[0056] S5. Calculate the length S of the circular pipe. S = asinh(H t / a) - asinh(H b / a).

[0057] In some embodiments, the diameter of the upper opening of the circular pipe is 0.1 to 0.2 times the flow velocity of the bottom layer of seawater; the diameter of the bottom opening of the circular pipe is 1.2 to 1.7 times the diameter of the upper end of the circular pipe; the length of the trumpet-shaped part at the lower end of the circular pipe is 20 cm to 40 cm.

[0058] Specifically, the upper opening diameter of the circular tube is 0.1 to 0.2 times the velocity of the bottom-layer seawater. It can be determined through verification by fluid mechanics calculation software that the effect is relatively good. For example, multiple values such as 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, ..., 0.9 are set, and the results for each ratio are calculated one by one; in some embodiments, optionally, the upper diameter of the circular tube within the range of 0.1 to 0.2 times the velocity of the bottom-layer seawater has a better effect. The lower end of the circular tube is trumpet-shaped mainly to increase the water intake. If the diameter of the trumpet mouth is too small, the effect cannot be achieved, and if the diameter of the trumpet mouth is too large, the water resistance received by the trumpet mouth will be relatively large, affecting the stability of the overall structure. Therefore, the bottom opening diameter of the circular tube is 1.2 to 1.7 times the upper diameter of the circular tube. Optionally, the length of the trumpet-shaped part at the lower end of the circular tube is 20 cm to 40 cm.

[0059] As Figure 3 shown, in some embodiments, according to the designed inclination of the circular tube, a cable 2 is respectively provided at both ends of the raft frame rope 8 through a floating ball 1 and a fixing device 7, and the circular tube 4 is provided on each cable 2. Aquaculture products 9 such as kelp can be provided on the raft frame rope 8.

[0060] In some embodiments, the water depth of the aquaculture area is taken as 15 m, the horizontal distance between the fixing device 7 and the floating ball 1 is set to 15 m, and the total length of the cable 2 is about 22.44 m; the top of the circular tube 4 is 3 m from the sea surface, the center of the lower opening of the circular tube is 4 m from the seabed, the diameters of the upper opening and the lower opening of the circular tube are 200 mm and 300 mm respectively; the total length of the circular tube is 9.65 m, among which, the length of the trumpet-shaped part at the lower end of the circular tube is 30 cm; the designed upwelling generating device is used as a mooring rope for kelp raft cultivation, which not only plays the role of fixing the kelp cultivation raft frame but also plays the role of generating upwelling.

[0061] Example 2:

[0062] This embodiment provides an aquaculture upwelling generating device obtained by the design method of the aquaculture upwelling generating device as described in Example 1.

[0063] Example 3:

[0064] This embodiment provides an aquaculture upwelling generating device. The difference from Example 1 lies in the design of the inner diameter of the bottom opening and the inner diameter of the upper opening of the circular tube. Specifically,

[0065] According to the average value v (unit: m / s) of the maximum velocity of the water layer where the bottom opening of the circular tube is located observed by the velocity profiler, the inner diameter (unit: m) D of the upper opening of the circular tube is determined out , D out = 0.1 - 0.2v.

[0066] Inner diameter D of the bottom opening of the round pipe in is 1.2 to 1.7 times the inner diameter of the upper opening of the round pipe, i.e., D in = 1.2 to 1.7D out , and the length of the flared part at the bottom opening end of the round pipe is 20 to 40 cm;

[0067] As Figure 3 shown, the floating ball in this embodiment is a common round floating ball in raft culture, and the artificial upwelling device is fixed by using sinking stones. Suppose the water depth in the kelp cultivation area is 15 m, the horizontal distance between the sinking stone and the floating ball in this embodiment is set to 12 m. According to the formula calculate the total length of the cable, which is 20.41 m; assume that the average thickness δ of the seabed boundary layer observed by the current profiler is 3.5 m, then the distance D from the center of the bottom opening of the round pipe to the seabed b = 3.5 m; the distance between the upper opening of the round pipe and the sea surface is taken as D t = 3 m; according to the above parameters, calculate that the distance a between the sinking stone and the origin of coordinates is 6.39 m, and the horizontal distance H between the center of the bottom opening of the round pipe and the sinking stone b = 6.41 m, and the horizontal distance H between the center of the upper opening of the round pipe and the sinking stone t = 10.98 m, and the length of the round pipe is 9.70 m; assume that the average flow velocity v at the boundary of the seabed boundary layer observed by the current profiler is 1 m / s, and the inner diameter of the upper opening of the round pipe is taken as D out = 0.2v = 0.2 m, that is, the inner diameter of the upper opening of the round pipe is 200 mm; the inner diameter of the bottom opening of the round pipe is taken as 1.25 times the inner diameter of the water outlet of the round pipe, i.e., D out = 250 mm, and the length of the flared part at the bottom opening end of the round pipe is set to 30 cm.

[0068] The above is only the preferred embodiment of this embodiment and is not used to limit this embodiment. For those skilled in the art, this embodiment can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this embodiment shall be included within the protection scope of this embodiment.

Claims

1. A design method for an upwelling generating device in aquaculture, characterized in that, Including the setting of the circular pipe in the aquaculture area and the design of the inclination of the circular pipe; The setting of the circular pipe in the aquaculture area includes: one end of the circular pipe is fixed by a floating ball floating on the sea surface of the aquaculture area and a cable connected between the floating ball and the circular pipe; the other end of the circular pipe is fixed by a fixing device fixed to the seabed and a cable connected between the fixing device and the circular pipe; the circular pipe is arranged obliquely in the seawater with the designed inclination of the circular pipe; The design of the inclination of the circular pipe includes: the inclination of the circular pipe is the angle between the axis of the circular pipe and the horizontal plane; the inclination of the circular pipe is determined according to the flow velocity of the bottom seawater, the distance from the bottom end surface of the circular pipe to the seabed, and the length of the circular pipe.

2. The design method of an upwelling occurrence device for aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cable penetrates through the entire circular pipe, and both ends of the cable are respectively connected to the floating ball and the fixing device.

3. The design method of an upwelling occurrence device for aquaculture according to claim 2, characterized in that, A plurality of fixing brackets are arranged inside the circular pipe, and the cable penetrates through and is fixed at the central position of the fixing brackets.

4. The design method of an upwelling occurrence device for aquaculture according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixing bracket includes a fixing hole for penetrating the cable; a plurality of fixing rods are arranged on the circumference outside the fixing hole for connecting the fixing hole with the inner wall of the circular pipe.

5. The design method of an upwelling occurrence device for aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total length L of the cable is determined according to the seawater depth and the horizontal distance from the floating ball to the fixing device: where D is the seawater depth; H is the horizontal distance from the floating ball to the fixing device.

6. The design method of an upwelling generating device for aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end opening of the circular pipe is arranged in a flared shape.

7. The design method of an upwelling occurrence device for aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that The determination of the length of the circular pipe includes: Determine a plane coordinate system, with the coordinate origin located directly below the position of the fixing device on the seabed, the vertical distance between the coordinate origin and the fixing device being a, using the projection line of the connection line between the fixing device and the floating ball on the plane passing through the coordinate origin and parallel to the seabed as the horizontal coordinate axis, with the positive direction towards the floating ball side, and using the vertically upward direction as the positive direction of the vertical coordinate axis; Calculate the vertical distance a between the coordinate origin and the fixing device, and the calculation formula is L = asinh(H / a), where H is the horizontal distance from the floating ball to the fixing device and L is the total length of the cable; Calculate the horizontal distance H between the center of the bottom opening of the circular pipe and the fixing device b , and the calculation formula is a + D b = acosh(H b / a), where D b is the distance from the center of the bottom opening of the circular pipe to the seabed; Calculate the horizontal distance H between the center of the upper opening of the circular pipe and the fixing device t , and the formula is a + D - D t = acosh(H t / a), where D t is the distance between the upper opening of the circular pipe and the sea surface; Calculate the length of the circular tube \(S = a\sinh(H t / a)-a\sinh(H b / a).

8. The design method of an upwelling generation device for aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that, According to the designed inclination of the circular pipe, a cable is respectively arranged at both ends of the raft rope through a floating ball and a fixing device, and the circular pipe is arranged on each cable.

9. An upwelling occurrence device for aquaculture, characterized in that, Obtained by the method for designing an upwelling generating device for aquaculture as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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