Method for breeding black soldier fly larvae, dried black soldier fly larvae and preparation method of dried black soldier fly larvae

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of hermetia illucens breeding, and provides a method for ecologically breeding hermetia illucens larvae by using distillers' grains in order to solve the problems of poor quality and quality stability of hermetia illucens larva breeding products in the prior art, the method comprises the following steps: S100, larvae are newly hatched through a fattening process, the fattening period is 10-15 days, the fattening temperature is 24-28 DEG C, and the fattening humidity is 68-72%; the fattening feed adopts vinasse; s200, fresh insects are separated out through an insect and sand separation process; the dry vinasse matter contains more than or equal to 28% of starch, more than or equal to 14% of crude protein, less than or equal to 25% of crude fiber and less than or equal to 10% of crude ash. According to the method, the hermetia illucens larvae are fed through the distillers' grains, waste, namely the distillers' grains, in the wine brewing process can be effectively utilized, and the stability of hermetia illucens larva breeding products can be improved; according to the preparation process of the vinasse, digestion and absorption of the black soldier flies on the vinasse can be improved; the proportion of crude protein in the dried hermetia illucens is reserved as far as possible, and the proportion of crude fat is reduced, so that the dried hermetia illucens is more suitable for being processed into protein powder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of black soldier fly farming, and in particular, to a method for farming black soldier fly larvae, dried black soldier fly insects, and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the past two decades, there has been a tendency to use more plant or animal by-products as feed raw materials, which has led to a resource competition between aquaculture and terrestrial livestock production. With the continuous growth of the global population, this balance has been gradually broken, and phenomena such as overfishing, competition for food between humans and livestock, and damage to the ecological balance occur from time to time. Therefore, the whole society should find a new and sustainable source of protein and lipids for the feed industry, which does not directly compete with the existing food production value chain and human nutrition, and can significantly reduce the greenhouse gas emissions brought by the production of existing feed raw materials, helping feed enterprises to achieve energy conservation, emission reduction and green sustainable development.

[0003] The black soldier fly is an environmentally friendly resource insect recognized by the United Nations and has great potential in the feed field. Its processed animal protein (PAP) has been approved by the European Union for feed production, and enterprises using this raw material are regarded as green development enterprises. At the same time, it is also regarded as a mechanical carrier of prion diseases (TSEs) and is subject to European laws and regulations ((EU) No 2021 / 1372), that is, it must be raised on feed-grade substrates ((EU) No 2017 / 893). In China, the black soldier fly is more regarded as a tool for treating kitchen waste and waste, which greatly increases the biosafety risk of the black soldier fly at the raw material end, and at the same time, due to the high instability of the raw materials, the application value and formulation value of the black soldier fly have been ignored.

[0004] Therefore, to ensure the safety of black soldier fly products, highlight their green, low-carbon, and environmentally friendly ecological values, give play to the role of green empowerment of black soldier flies, and achieve the efficient and stable healthy development of the black soldier fly insect protein industry, we urgently need to find a raw material that is safer, more stable, and has a larger output than kitchen waste and livestock manure as the basis for the development of the black soldier fly industry to produce high-quality insect protein.

[0005] Distillers' grains are the products after grain fermentation and contain a large amount of remaining nutrients that are not completely fermented. For every 1 ton of liquor produced, about 3.5 tons of fresh distillers' grains are produced. Based on the liquor production of 6.29 million kiloliters, the amount of distillers' grains produced nationwide for liquor production is about 22 million tons, which can be converted into 1 million tons of high-quality insect protein. There is an urgent need for a method for farming black soldier flies using distillers' grains as a breeding feed to improve the quality and quality stability of black soldier fly larvae breeding products. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for ecologically culturing black soldier fly larvae using distillers grains, so as to solve the problems of poor quality and quality stability of black soldier fly larvae breeding products in the prior art.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing black soldier fly dried insects, which can retain the nutritional value of black soldier flies as much as possible.

[0008] Still another object of the present invention is to provide a black soldier fly dried insect, which can meet the protein requirements of the livestock industry, has high nutritional value and digestion and absorption rate, and the production process of the protein source is sustainable and has little impact on the environment, realizing the unity of ecological benefits and economic benefits.

[0009] The embodiments of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0010] A method for ecologically culturing black soldier fly larvae using distillers grains includes:

[0011] S100. Incubate newly hatched larvae through a fattening process. The fattening period is 10 - 15 days, the fattening temperature is 24 - 28 °C, the fattening humidity is 68% - 72%, and the fattening feed uses distillers grains;

[0012] S200. Separate fresh insects through an insect and sand separation process;

[0013] The starch content in the dry matter of the distillers grains is ≥ 28%, the crude protein content is ≥ 14%, the crude fiber content is ≤ 25%, and the crude ash is ≤ 10%.

[0014] During the fattening period, the growth and feeding conditions of the insect seedlings should be observed regularly and records should be made.

[0015] In the middle and late stages of larval fattening, the feed addition amount should be controlled to avoid feed waste and difficulty in insect and sand separation.

[0016] The fattening time period, temperature, humidity, air flow and other process parameters that may have a negative impact on safe production should be recorded and retained as recorded information.

[0017] After insect and sand separation, the dry matter content in the separated fresh insects is 25% - 35%, the proportion of fresh insects in the insect sand is ≤ 1%, and the proportion of insect sand in the fresh insects is ≤ 1%. The screened insect sand is inactivated and then placed in the insect sand storage area. During the storage of the insect sand, zoning identification should be done well.

[0018] Preferably, before the fattening process, black soldier fly eggs are hatched into newly hatched larvae through an incubation process. The incubation temperature is 26 - 30 °C, the humidity is 68% - 72%, and the incubation time is 3 - 4 days.

[0019] More preferably, the hatching rate of the eggs is ≥ 85%.

[0020] Preferably, the dosage of distillers' grains in the fattening process is 10 - 11 kg per 10,000 larvae, and the laying thickness of distillers' grains ≤ 9 cm.

[0021] A reasonable dosage and laying thickness of distillers' grains can improve the utilization rate of distillers' grains by black soldier fly larvae.

[0022] Preferably, the preparation process of the distillers' grains includes:

[0023] A100. The distillers' grains raw material is first frozen at -10°C to 10°C for 45 - 80 min, and then frozen at -60°C to -40°C for 1 - 2 h to obtain hard distillers' grains;

[0024] A200. The hard distillers' grains are ground to obtain distillers' grains powder;

[0025] A300. The distillers' grains powder is thawed to obtain distillers' grains slurry;

[0026] A400. The distillers' grains slurry is homogenized to obtain distillers' grains for black soldier fly larvae breeding.

[0027] Distillers' grains are the filter residues obtained by filtering the stillage remaining after yeast fermentation and ethanol distillation from various grains as raw materials. It contains various nutrients, with the protein content usually around 15%, the residual starch content usually around 27%, and the crude fiber content usually around 25%. These components can meet the growth requirements of black soldier fly larvae, but at the same time increase the difficulty of grinding treatment. In addition, distillers' grains usually also contain about 3% fat, about 4% mannan, as well as some vitamins, minerals, and trace elements.

[0028] For the breeding of black soldier fly larvae, in order to facilitate the consumption and digestion of black soldier flies, the applicant ground the distillers' grains into a slurry with a particle size ≤ 3 mm. However, it was found that there are at least the following disadvantages when directly grinding distillers' grains into a slurry:

[0029] a. The high residual starch content in distillers' grains easily causes the material to stick together, making it difficult to disperse, which affects the grinding efficiency and effect. The high starch residue may also cause the material to adhere inside the equipment, increasing the cleaning difficulty.

[0030] b. Distillers' grains contain a large amount of crude fiber, and lignin has strong toughness, increasing the grinding difficulty and the wear degree of the grinder.

[0031] c. Distillers' grains contain a large amount of moisture, which easily breeds bacteria and accelerates the mildew of distillers' grains, affecting the storage stability of distillers' grains for breeding.

[0032] After the distiller's grains raw material is frozen, not only the adhesion between the distiller's grains during grinding is reduced, but also the residue of the distiller's grains in the grinder is reduced, the cleaning is reduced, and the influence of the adhesion on the grinding of the next material is reduced, greatly improving the service life of the grinder. The grinding efficiency of the hard distiller's grains and the controllability of the particle size are higher, increasing the uniformity of the cultured distiller's grains. Furthermore, when feeding black soldier fly larvae subsequently, the quality of the cultured products is more stable, facilitating precise feeding and standardized production. When the distiller's grains are frozen, ice crystals are formed inside. If the freezing speed is slow, larger ice crystals can be formed. These ice crystals can cause physical damage to cell walls and other biological membranes, resulting in cell rupture or deformation, which is convenient for grinding. In addition, after thawing, since the damaged cells cannot maintain their original integrity, this may cause the cell contents to leak into the surrounding environment, enhancing the digestion of the cultured distiller's grains by the black soldier fly. After freezing and thawing, the looseness of the overall structure of the distiller's grains will increase. With a suitable particle size, the suspension of solids in the liquid in the cultured distiller's grains is more stable and not easy to sink to the bottom. During the cultivation process, even if the one-time feeding amount is greater than the one-time consumption amount, when the black soldier fly eats next time, the distribution of solids in the liquid is still relatively uniform. The particle size of the distiller's grains powder can be selected as 0.3 - 1 mm. Freezing the distiller's grains raw material first can increase the storability of the raw material. Reasonably regulating the freezing temperature is convenient for the damage of cell walls.

[0033] Preferably, an anti-adhesion sphere is added to the distiller's grains and then frozen. The particle size of the anti-adhesion sphere is larger than that of the hard distiller's grains, and the dispersion operation includes stirring.

[0034] The anti-adhesion sphere can be made of silica. By adding the anti-adhesion sphere, adjacent distiller's grains can be isolated, thereby reducing the particle size of the hard distiller's grains and increasing the uniformity of the particle size of the hard distiller's grains.

[0035] Preferably, the particle size of the hard distiller's grains is 3 mm - 6 mm, and the particle size of the anti-adhesion sphere is 8 mm - 12 mm. After freezing, the anti-adhesion sphere is screened out to obtain the hard distiller's grains.

[0036] The weight ratio of the anti-adhesion sphere to the distiller's grains raw material can be selected as 1:1. The larger particle size of the anti-adhesion sphere than that of the hard distiller's grains can further reduce the adhesion between the anti-adhesion sphere and the distiller's grains and facilitate the screening and separation of the anti-adhesion sphere.

[0037] Preferably, when the distiller's grains powder is thawed, the ambient temperature rises from 20 - 40 °C to 80 - 120 °C and then is kept warm for 20 - 30 min, and the heating rate is 20 - 40 °C / min.

[0038] A reasonable thawing operation can increase the suspension of solids in the cultured distiller's grains.

[0039] A preparation method of black soldier fly dried insects, comprising: obtaining black soldier fly dried insects by drying black soldier fly larvae, and the drying temperature is 50-140°C; the water content of the black soldier fly dried insects is ≤8%; the black soldier fly larvae are obtained by the method of breeding.

[0040] By drying, the water content in the larvae can be reduced, which can effectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of microorganisms such as bacteria and molds, thereby prolonging the storage time. After removing the water, the weight of the product is greatly reduced, and the volume will also be reduced, which is beneficial to reducing the storage space requirement and transportation cost. The dried black soldier fly larvae are not easily affected by external environments such as temperature and humidity changes, and are easier to store for a long time without loss of quality. The dried insects are easier to mix with other feeds and have better fluidity. An appropriate drying process can effectively kill the pathogens that may exist in the larvae, ensuring that the safety of the final product meets the relevant health standards.

[0041] It is advisable to use heat sources such as air source heat pumps, electric heating, natural gas, and microwaves. The fuel used to dry the fresh black soldier fly larvae and the gases generated by its combustion shall not have a negative impact on the safety of the dried insects. The following fuels are prohibited for drying: prohibited fuels; lubricating oil, engine oil, and hydraulic oil, recycled oil (waste oil, etc.), petroleum coke; mixed municipal waste, mixed industrial waste, and dried and purified sludge; plastics, tires, recycled products; fuels such as wood and biomass.

[0042] Preferably, after the black soldier fly larvae are dried, they are cooled by a cooling process during transportation; the cooling process includes first performing primary air cooling for 10-15 minutes, and then performing secondary air cooling for 5-8 minutes; the temperature of the primary air cooling is 0-5°C, and the temperature of the secondary air cooling is 10-15°C; the conveying efficiency is 1.8-2.4m 3 / h.

[0043] The cooling process of the present invention can maintain the original tissue structure of the dried insects, preventing texture brittleness or breakage caused by internal stress changes due to rapid cooling. Slow cooling helps to maintain the cell structure in the insects and reduce the structural collapse caused by rapid water loss. In addition, primary air cooling can effectively lock the nutritional components in the dried insects, such as proteins, fatty acids, and other trace elements, avoiding the degradation or loss of nutritional components under high temperature for a long time.

[0044] Black soldier fly dried insects prepared by a preparation method.

[0045] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0046] The present invention raises black soldier fly larvae with distiller's grains, which can not only effectively utilize the waste in the brewing process, namely distiller's grains, but also improve the stability of black soldier fly larvae breeding products through the quality stability of distiller's grain feed. The preparation process of distiller's grains in the present invention can improve the digestion and absorption of distiller's grains by black soldier flies and improve the quality of black soldier fly larvae breeding products. The preparation method of black soldier fly dried insects provided by the present invention can retain the crude protein ratio in the black soldier fly dried insects as much as possible and reduce the crude fat ratio, so that the dried insects are more suitable for being processed into protein powder. Detailed implementation manners

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below. Apparently, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0048] Embodiment 1: A method for ecologically breeding black soldier fly larvae with distiller's grains, comprising:

[0049] S100: Incubate black soldier fly eggs into newly hatched larvae through an incubation process. The incubation temperature is 26 °C, the humidity is 68%, and the incubation time is 3 days;

[0050] Then, fatten the newly hatched larvae through a fattening process. The fattening period is 10 days, the fattening temperature is 24 °C, the fattening humidity is 68%, and the fattening feed uses distiller's grains. The dosage of distiller's grains in the fattening process is 10 kg / 10,000 larvae, and the laying thickness of distiller's grains is 9 cm;

[0051] S200: Separate fresh insects through an insect and sand separation process;

[0052] The starch content in the dry matter of the distiller's grains is ≥28%, the crude protein content is ≥14%, the crude fiber content is ≤25%, and the crude ash content is ≤10%.

[0053] Embodiment 2: A method for ecologically breeding black soldier fly larvae with distiller's grains, comprising:

[0054] S100: Incubate black soldier fly eggs into newly hatched larvae through an incubation process. The incubation temperature is 30 °C, the humidity is 72%, and the incubation time is 4 days;

[0055] Then, fatten the newly hatched larvae through a fattening process. The fattening period is 15 days, the fattening temperature is 28 °C, the fattening humidity is 72%, and the fattening feed uses distiller's grains. The dosage of distiller's grains in the fattening process is 11 kg / 10,000 larvae, and the laying thickness of distiller's grains is 8 cm;

[0056] S200: Separate fresh insects through an insect and sand separation process;

[0057] The starch content in the dry matter of the distiller's grains is ≥28%, the crude protein content is ≥14%, the crude fiber content is ≤25%, and the crude ash content is ≤10%.

[0058] Example 3: A method for ecologically culturing black soldier fly larvae using distillers grains, comprising:

[0059] S100. Hatching black soldier fly eggs into newly hatched larvae through an incubation process, with an incubation temperature of 28°C, a humidity of 70%, and an incubation time of 3 days;

[0060] Then, fattening the newly hatched larvae through a fattening process. The fattening period is 13 days, the fattening temperature is 26°C, the fattening humidity is 70%, and the fattening feed uses distillers grains; in the fattening process, the dosage of distillers grains is 10 kg / 10,000 larvae, and the laying thickness of the distillers grains is 9 cm;

[0061] S200. Separating fresh insects through an insect and sand separation process;

[0062] The starch content in the dry matter of the distillers grains is ≥28%, the crude protein content is ≥14%, the crude fiber content is ≤25%, and the crude ash content is ≤10%.

[0063] Example 4: A preparation method of distillers grains for culturing black soldier fly larvae, comprising the following steps:

[0064] S100. Obtaining hard distillers grains from distillers grain raw materials through a freezing process; the distillers grain raw materials are first subjected to magnetic separation to remove impurities before freezing; the pH value of the distillers grain raw materials is 3.5;

[0065] The freezing process includes: first freezing at -10°C for 45 minutes, and then freezing at -60°C for 1 hour. The laying thickness of the distillers grains during freezing in the container is 0.3 cm; during freezing, a dispersion operation is performed on the distillers grains. After adding silica spheres to the distillers grains and then freezing, the particle size of the silica spheres is larger than that of the hard distillers grains, and the dispersion operation includes stirring. The particle size of the hard distillers grains is 3 mm, the particle size of the silica spheres is 8 mm, and after freezing, the silica spheres are screened out to obtain hard distillers grains; the weight ratio of the silica spheres to the distillers grain raw materials is 1:1;

[0066] S200. Grinding the hard distillers grains to obtain distillers grain powder with a particle size of 0.6 mm;

[0067] S300. Thawing the distillers grain powder to obtain distillers grain slurry; when thawing the distillers grain powder, the ambient temperature rises from 20°C to 80°C and then keeps warm for 20 minutes, and the heating rate is 20°C / min;

[0068] S400. Homogenizing the distillers grain slurry with water to obtain distillers grains for black soldier fly larvae.

[0069] Example 5: A preparation method of distillers grains for ecologically culturing black soldier fly larvae, comprising the following steps:

[0070] S100. The distillers' grains raw material is processed through a freezing process to obtain hard distillers' grains; the distillers' grains raw material is first subjected to magnetic separation to remove impurities before freezing; the pH value of the distillers' grains raw material is 4;

[0071] The freezing process includes: first freezing at 10°C for 80 min, and then freezing at -40°C for 2 h. The laying thickness of the distillers' grains during freezing in the container is 2 cm; during freezing, a dispersion operation is performed on the distillers' grains. After adding silica spheres to the distillers' grains and then freezing, the particle size of the silica spheres is larger than that of the hard distillers' grains, and the dispersion operation includes stirring. The particle size of the hard distillers' grains is 6 mm, the particle size of the silica spheres is 12 mm, and after freezing, the silica spheres are screened out to obtain hard distillers' grains; the weight ratio of the silica spheres to the distillers' grains raw material is 1:1;

[0072] S200. The hard distillers' grains are ground to obtain distillers' grains powder with a particle size of 0.6 mm;

[0073] S300. The distillers' grains powder is thawed to obtain distillers' grains slurry; when the distillers' grains powder is thawed, the ambient temperature rises from 40°C to 120°C and is kept warm for 30 min, and the heating rate is 40°C / min;

[0074] S400. The distillers' grains slurry is homogenized to obtain black soldier fly larvae ecological breeding distillers' grains. Example 3: A method for preparing black soldier fly larvae ecological breeding distillers' grains, comprising the following steps:

[0075] Example 6: A method for preparing black soldier fly larvae ecological breeding distillers' grains, comprising the following steps:

[0076] S100. The distillers' grains raw material is processed through a freezing process to obtain hard distillers' grains; the distillers' grains raw material is first subjected to magnetic separation to remove impurities before freezing; the pH value of the distillers' grains raw material is 3.7;

[0077] The freezing process includes: first freezing at 0°C for 45 - 80 min, and then freezing at -50°C for 1.5 h. The laying thickness of the distillers' grains during freezing in the container is 1 cm; during freezing, a dispersion operation is performed on the distillers' grains. After adding silica spheres to the distillers' grains and then freezing, the particle size of the silica spheres is larger than that of the hard distillers' grains, and the dispersion operation includes stirring. The particle size of the hard distillers' grains is 5 mm, the particle size of the silica spheres is 10 mm, and after freezing, the silica spheres are screened out to obtain hard distillers' grains; the weight ratio of the silica spheres to the distillers' grains raw material is 1:1;

[0078] S200. The hard distillers' grains are ground to obtain distillers' grains powder with a particle size of 0.6 mm;

[0079] S300. The distillers' grains powder is thawed to obtain distillers' grains slurry; when the distillers' grains powder is thawed, the ambient temperature rises from 30°C to 100°C and is kept warm for 25 min, and the heating rate is 30°C / min;

[0080] After the S400 and distiller's grains slurry are homogenized, black soldier fly larvae ecological breeding distiller's grains are obtained.

[0081] Example 7: A preparation method of black soldier fly larvae ecological breeding distiller's grains, comprising the following steps:

[0082] S100: The distiller's grains raw material is made into hard distiller's grains through a freezing process; the distiller's grains raw material is first subjected to magnetic separation to remove impurities before freezing; the pH value of the distiller's grains raw material is 3.7;

[0083] The freezing process includes: first freezing at -10°C to 10°C for 45 - 80 min, and then freezing at -60°C to -40°C for 1 - 2 h. The laying thickness of the distiller's grains during freezing in the container is 0.3 cm - 2 cm; during freezing, the distiller's grains are stirred.

[0084] S200: The hard distiller's grains are ground to obtain distiller's grains powder with a particle size of 0.6 mm;

[0085] S300: The distiller's grains powder is thawed to obtain distiller's grains slurry; when the distiller's grains powder is thawed, the ambient temperature rises from 20°C to 120°C and then is kept warm for 20 - 30 min, and the heating rate is 20 - 40°C / min;

[0086] S400: After the distiller's grains slurry is homogenized, black soldier fly larvae ecological breeding distiller's grains are obtained.

[0087] Comparative Example 1: A preparation method of black soldier fly larvae ecological breeding distiller's grains, comprising the following steps:

[0088] S100: The distiller's grains raw material is made into hard distiller's grains through a freezing process; the distiller's grains raw material is first subjected to magnetic separation to remove impurities before freezing; the pH value of the distiller's grains raw material is 3.7;

[0089] The freezing process includes: first freezing at 0°C for 45 - 80 min, and then freezing at -50°C for 1.5 h. The laying thickness of the distiller's grains during freezing in the container is 1 cm; during freezing, the distiller's grains are dispersed. After adding silica spheres to the distiller's grains and then freezing, the particle size of the silica spheres is larger than that of the hard distiller's grains, and the dispersion operation includes stirring. The particle size of the hard distiller's grains is 5 mm, the particle size of the silica spheres is 10 mm, and after freezing, the silica spheres are screened out to obtain hard distiller's grains; the weight ratio of the silica spheres to the distiller's grains raw material is 1:1;

[0090] S200: The hard distiller's grains are ground to obtain distiller's grains powder with a particle size of 0.6 mm;

[0091] S300: The distiller's grains powder is thawed to obtain distiller's grains slurry; when the distiller's grains powder is thawed, the ambient temperature is 100°C, and it is kept warm for 25 min, and the heating rate is 30°C / min;

[0092] After the S400 and distiller's grains slurry are homogenized, black soldier fly larvae ecological breeding distiller's grains are obtained.

[0093] Comparative Example 2: A preparation method of black soldier fly larvae ecological breeding distiller's grains, comprising the following steps:

[0094] S100. The distiller's grains raw material is processed by a freezing process to obtain hard distiller's grains; the distiller's grains raw material is first subjected to magnetic separation to remove impurities before freezing; the pH value of the distiller's grains raw material is 3.7;

[0095] The freezing process includes: first freezing at 0 °C for 45 - 80 min, and then freezing at -50 °C for 1.5 h. The laying thickness of the distiller's grains during freezing in the container is 1 cm; during freezing, a dispersion operation is performed on the distiller's grains. After adding silica spheres to the distiller's grains and then freezing, the particle size of the silica spheres is larger than that of the hard distiller's grains, and the dispersion operation includes stirring. The particle size of the hard distiller's grains is 5 mm, the particle size of the silica spheres is 10 mm, and after freezing, the silica spheres are screened out to obtain hard distiller's grains; the weight ratio of the silica spheres to the distiller's grains raw material is 1:1;

[0096] S200. The hard distiller's grains are ground to obtain distiller's grains powder with a particle size of 0.6 mm;

[0097] S300. The distiller's grains powder is thawed to obtain distiller's grains slurry; when the distiller's grains powder is thawed, the ambient temperature rises from 30 °C to 100 °C and then is kept warm for 25 min, and the heating rate is 10 °C / min;

[0098] S400. After the distiller's grains slurry is homogenized, black soldier fly larvae ecological breeding distiller's grains are obtained.

[0099] Comparative Example 3: A preparation method of black soldier fly larvae ecological breeding distiller's grains, comprising the following steps:

[0100] S100. The distiller's grains raw material is processed by a freezing process to obtain hard distiller's grains; the distiller's grains raw material is first subjected to magnetic separation to remove impurities before freezing; the pH value of the distiller's grains raw material is 3.7;

[0101] The freezing process includes: freezing at -50 °C for 1.5 h. The laying thickness of the distiller's grains during freezing in the container is 1 cm; during freezing, a dispersion operation is performed on the distiller's grains. After adding silica spheres to the distiller's grains and then freezing, the particle size of the silica spheres is larger than that of the hard distiller's grains, and the dispersion operation includes stirring. The particle size of the hard distiller's grains is 5 mm, the particle size of the silica spheres is 10 mm, and after freezing, the silica spheres are screened out to obtain hard distiller's grains; the weight ratio of the silica spheres to the distiller's grains raw material is 1:1;

[0102] S200. The hard distiller's grains are ground to obtain distiller's grains powder with a particle size of 0.6 mm;

[0103] S300. The distillers' grains powder is thawed to obtain distillers' grains slurry; when the distillers' grains powder is thawed, the ambient temperature rises from 30°C to 100°C and then is kept warm for 25 minutes, and the heating rate is 30°C / min;

[0104] S400. The distillers' grains slurry is homogenized to obtain distillers' grains for black soldier fly larvae ecological breeding.

[0105] Comparative Example 4: A method for preparing distillers' grains for black soldier fly larvae ecological breeding, comprising the following steps:

[0106] S100. The distillers' grains raw material is obtained as hard distillers' grains through a freezing process; before freezing, the distillers' grains raw material is first purified by magnetic separation; the pH value of the distillers' grains raw material is 3.7;

[0107] The freezing process includes: first freezing at 0°C for 45 - 80 minutes, and then freezing at -50°C for 1.5 hours. The laying thickness of the distillers' grains during freezing in the container is 1 cm; during freezing, a dispersion operation is performed on the distillers' grains. After adding silica spheres to the distillers' grains and then freezing, the particle size of the silica spheres is larger than that of the hard distillers' grains, and the dispersion operation includes stirring. The particle size of the hard distillers' grains is 5 mm, the particle size of the silica spheres is 10 mm, and after freezing, the silica spheres are screened out to obtain hard distillers' grains; the weight ratio of the silica spheres to the distillers' grains raw material is 1:1;

[0108] S200. The hard distillers' grains are ground to obtain distillers' grains powder with a particle size of 1.5 mm;

[0109] S300. The distillers' grains powder is thawed to obtain distillers' grains slurry; when the distillers' grains powder is thawed, the ambient temperature rises from 30°C to 100°C and then is kept warm for 25 minutes, and the heating rate is 30°C / min;

[0110] S400. The distillers' grains slurry is homogenized to obtain distillers' grains for black soldier fly larvae;

[0111] Comparative Example 5: A method for preparing distillers' grains for black soldier fly larvae ecological breeding, comprising the following steps:

[0112] The distillers' grains raw material is directly ground to obtain distillers' grains slurry after magnetic separation, the particle size of the distillers' grains solid in the distillers' grains slurry is less than or equal to 0.6 mm, and the distillers' grains slurry is homogenized to obtain distillers' grains for black soldier fly larvae;

[0113] Experiment 1: The distillers' grains for black soldier fly larvae breeding prepared by the preparation methods of Examples 4 - 7 and Comparative Examples 1 - 5 are used for black soldier fly breeding. The breeding of black soldier fly adopts the method provided in Example 3, and the weight growth rate (%) is calculated. The distillers' grains prepared by each preparation method are tested in 5 groups, and the final result is the average value. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0114] Table 1

[0115]

[0116] From the test results of Examples 4 - 7, it can be seen that when the method provided by the present invention is used to breed black soldier fly larvae, the growth rate of the larvae is relatively high.

[0117] From the comparison between Examples 4 - 7 and Comparative Example 5, it can be seen that the preparation method of freezing, grinding and then thawing provided by the present invention has a better promoting effect on black soldier fly breeding than the breeding distiller's grains obtained by directly grinding distiller's grains. Among them, the ecological breeding distiller's grains for black soldier fly larvae prepared by the preparation method provided in Example 6 has a better growth promoting effect on black soldier fly larvae.

[0118] From the comparison between Example 6 and Comparative Documents 1 - 4, it can be seen that the freezing process, thawing process and particle size of the distiller's grains powder in the present invention can all improve the effect of the product when used to breed black soldier fly larvae.

[0119] Example 8: A preparation method of black soldier fly dried insects, comprising: obtaining black soldier fly dried insects by drying black soldier fly larvae, the drying temperature being 50°C; the moisture content of the black soldier fly dried insects ≤ 8%; the black soldier fly larvae are obtained by the breeding method of Example 3, and the distiller's grains for breeding are obtained by the preparation method provided in Example 6; after the black soldier fly larvae are dried, they are cooled by a cooling process during transportation; the cooling process includes first performing primary air cooling for 10 min, and then performing secondary air cooling for 5 min; the temperature of the primary air cooling is 0°C, and the temperature of the secondary air cooling is 10°C; the conveying efficiency is 1.8 m 3 / h.

[0120] Example 9: A preparation method of black soldier fly dried insects, comprising: obtaining black soldier fly dried insects by drying black soldier fly larvae, the drying temperature being 140°C; the moisture content of the black soldier fly dried insects ≤ 8%; the black soldier fly larvae are obtained by the breeding method of Example 3, and the distiller's grains for breeding are obtained by the preparation method provided in Example 6; after the black soldier fly larvae are dried, they are cooled by a cooling process during transportation; the cooling process includes first performing primary air cooling for 15 min, and then performing secondary air cooling for 8 min; the temperature of the primary air cooling is 5°C, and the temperature of the secondary air cooling is 15°C; the conveying efficiency is 2.4 m 3 / h.

[0121] Example 10: A preparation method of black soldier fly dried insects, comprising: obtaining black soldier fly dried insects by drying black soldier fly larvae, the drying temperature being 80°C; the moisture content of the black soldier fly dried insects ≤ 8%; the black soldier fly larvae are obtained by the breeding method of Example 3, and the distiller's grains for breeding are obtained by the preparation method provided in Example 6; after the black soldier fly larvae are dried, they are cooled by a cooling process during transportation; the cooling process includes first performing primary air cooling for 13 min, and then performing secondary air cooling for 6 min; the temperature of the primary air cooling is 2°C, and the temperature of the secondary air cooling is 12°C; the conveying efficiency is 2 m3 / h.

[0122] Comparative Example 1: The difference from Example 10 is that natural cooling is adopted.

[0123] Comparative Example 2: The difference from Example 10 is that one-stage air cooling is adopted for 19 min, and the air cooling temperature is 2°C.

[0124] Experiment 2: The contents of crude protein and crude fat in the dried black soldier fly larvae prepared by the preparation methods of Examples 8 - 10 and Comparative Examples 1 - 2 were tested by GB / T 6432 and GB / T 6433. Each group of experiments was tested five times, and the average value was taken finally. The experimental results are shown in Table 2.

[0125] Table 2

[0126] Example 8 Example 9 Example 10 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Crude protein (%) 42.14 45.08 47.68 34.15 36.73 Crude fat (%) 27.39 28.41 25.07 26.76 27.09

[0127] It can be seen from the experimental results of Examples 8 - 10 that the dried larvae prepared by the preparation method of the dried black soldier fly larvae provided by the present invention are rich in nutrients.

[0128] It can be seen from the comparison of the results of Comparative Examples 1 - 2 and Example 10 that by regulating the cooling process, the proportion of crude protein and crude fat can be regulated. The dried larvae prepared by the preparation method of the dried black soldier fly larvae provided by the present invention have richer crude protein, but the content of crude fat does not increase significantly. Even after adopting the cooling process in Example 10, the content of crude fat decreases to a certain extent, making the dried black soldier fly larvae prepared by the present invention more suitable for processing into protein powder.

[0129] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for ecologically culturing black soldier fly larvae using distiller's grains, characterized in that, Including: S100. Initially hatched larvae are fattened through a fattening process. The fattening period is 10 - 15 days, the fattening temperature is 24 - 28°C, the fattening humidity is 68% - 72%, and distiller's grains are used as the fattening feed. S200. Fresh worms are separated through a worm and sand separation process. The starch content in the dry matter of the distiller's grains is ≥28%, the crude protein content is ≥14%, the crude fiber content is ≤25%, and the crude ash content is ≤10%.

2. The method for ecologically culturing black soldier fly larvae using distiller's grains according to claim 1, wherein Before the fattening process, black soldier fly eggs are hatched into initially hatched larvae through an incubation process. The incubation temperature is 26 - 30°C, the humidity is 68% - 72%, and the incubation time is 3 - 4 days.

3. The method for ecologically culturing black soldier fly larvae using distillers grains according to claim 1, wherein In the fattening process, the dosage of distiller's grains is 10 - 11 kg / 10,000 worms, and the laying thickness of the distiller's grains is ≤9 cm.

4. The method for ecologically culturing black soldier fly larvae using distillers grains according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The preparation process of the distiller's grains includes: A100. The distiller's grains raw material is frozen at -10°C to 10°C for 45 - 80 min first, and then frozen at -60°C to -40°C for 1 - 2 h to obtain hard distiller's grains. A200. The hard distiller's grains are ground to obtain distiller's grains powder. A300. The distiller's grains powder is thawed to obtain distiller's grains slurry. A400. The distiller's grains slurry is homogenized to obtain distiller's grains for black soldier fly larvae breeding.

5. The method for ecological breeding of black soldier fly larvae using distiller's grains according to claim 4, characterized in that, An anti - sticking sphere is added to the distiller's grains before freezing. The particle size of the anti - sticking sphere is larger than that of the hard distiller's grains, and the dispersion operation includes stirring.

6. The method for ecologically culturing black soldier fly larvae using distiller's grains according to claim 5, wherein The particle size of the hard distiller's grains is 3 mm - 6 mm, the particle size of the anti - sticking sphere is 8 mm - 12 mm, and the anti - sticking sphere is screened out after freezing to obtain hard distiller's grains.

7. The method for ecological breeding of black soldier fly larvae using distillers grains according to claim 4, characterized in that When the distiller's grains powder is thawed, the ambient temperature rises from 20 - 40°C to 80 - 120°C and is kept warm for 20 - 30 min, and the heating rate is 20 - 40°C / min.

8. A preparation method of dried black soldier fly larvae, characterized in that, Including: Black soldier fly larvae are made into black soldier fly dried insects through a drying process. The drying temperature is 50 - 140°C; the moisture content of the black soldier fly dried insects is ≤8%. The black soldier fly larvae are cultured by the method according to any one of claims 1 - 7.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, After the black soldier fly larvae are dried, they are cooled through a cooling process during transportation; the cooling process includes first performing primary air cooling for 10 - 15 minutes and then performing secondary air cooling for 5 - 8 minutes; the temperature of the primary air cooling is 0 - 5 °C, and the temperature of the secondary air cooling is 10 - 15 °C; the conveying efficiency is 1.8 - 2.4 m 3 / h.

10. A black soldier fly dried insect prepared by the preparation method according to claim 8 or 9.

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