Extraction and separation process for screening and separating effective components from dried orange peel

Abstract

The invention discloses an extraction and separation process for screening and separating effective components from dried orange peel, and particularly relates to the technical field of dried orange peel extraction.The extraction and separation process comprises the following steps that high-quality dried orange peel is selected, subjected to impurity removal, washed, aired and then smashed; then, putting the crushed dried orange peel into extraction equipment, adding deionized water, and extracting at high temperature and high pressure; after extraction is completed, solid impurities are filtered out through a filter screen; then evaporating and concentrating the water extract to increase the concentration of effective components; and finally, uniformly collecting the evaporated and concentrated paste. According to the extraction and separation process for screening and separating the effective components from the pericarpium citri reticulatae, the effective components in the pericarpium citri reticulatae can be efficiently extracted by combining high-temperature and high-pressure extraction with precise solid-liquid ratio, temperature, pressure and time control, and the extraction rate is increased; impurities are separated through filtering of the filter screen, solid impurities are removed, and the purity of the product is ensured; by setting the evaporation and concentration temperature, the concentration of effective components is increased, the activity of the effective components is reserved to the maximum extent, and the extraction efficiency and quality of the effective components of pericarpium citri reticulatae are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tangerine peel extraction, and particularly relates to a process for screening, separating, extracting and separating effective components of tangerine peel. Background Art

[0002] The technical field of tangerine peel extraction includes a series of techniques for extracting, separating and purifying various effective components in tangerine peel; the core content is to efficiently separate the active substances in tangerine peel, such as flavonoids, volatile oils, alkaloids and polysaccharides, from tangerine peel raw materials by reasonably using physical, chemical or biological methods to meet the needs of multiple industries such as medicine, food and cosmetics. In the whole technical field, it involves the pretreatment of raw materials, including the selection, cleaning, crushing and other links of tangerine peel; it also involves the selection and application of various extraction methods, such as common solvent extraction, ultrasonic-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, etc., as well as the subsequent separation and purification operations of the extraction solution to obtain high-purity target components.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN220633062U discloses a tangerine peel extraction device, including a distillation mechanism and a cooling mechanism. The distillation mechanism includes a distillation box, a box body is installed at a height on the upper end surface of the distillation box, a placement basket is rotatably connected inside the box body, a turning shaft is rotatably connected inside the placement basket, a discharge pipe is inserted on one side of the box body, a crushing box is fixedly installed at the upper end of the box body, a pair of crushing shafts are rotatably connected inside the crushing box, an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the bottom end of the crushing box, the cooling mechanism includes a cooling box, one end of the discharge pipe communicates with one side of the upper end of the cooling box, a condensing pipe is arranged inside the cooling box, and a discharge pipe is installed at the bottom end of one side of the cooling box.

[0004] In the actual use process of the above extraction device, the extraction method only relies on distilling tangerine peel debris, and cannot effectively extract the effective components therein; and during the extraction process, a lot of residues will enter the extraction solution, affecting the quality of the extraction solution, and the final product also needs to be processed many times, with complex processes and poor product quality, affecting subsequent use. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a process for screening, separating, extracting and separating effective components of tangerine peel, which can effectively solve the problem that residues in the existing extraction device and process will mix into the extraction solution and affect the quality of the finished product.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A process for screening, separating, extracting and separating effective components of tangerine peel includes the following steps:

[0008] Raw material preparation S1: Select high-quality tangerine peel, remove impurities and moldy parts therein, wash and dry the tangerine peel, and then grind it into 50-80 meshes;

[0009] High temperature extraction S2: The crushed tangerine peel powder is placed in an extraction device, and an appropriate amount of deionized water is added as an extraction solvent at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10-1:20 (g / mL), and the extraction is performed under high temperature and high pressure conditions. The extraction temperature is controlled at 90-100° C., the pressure is maintained in the range of 3-5 MPa, and the extraction time is 1-2 hours;

[0010] Impurity separation S3: After the extraction is completed, the water extract is filtered through a filter with a filtration accuracy of 250-350 mesh to remove solid impurities and residues;

[0011] Evaporation and concentration S4: The water extract after impurity separation is further evaporated and concentrated. The evaporation temperature is set at 60-90°C. Most of the solvent is removed by evaporation, so that the concentration of the active ingredient in the extract is gradually increased;

[0012] Finished product collection S5: The ointment after evaporation and concentration is collected in a unified and centralized manner.

[0013] Preferably, the extraction equipment includes a bracket, a separation and extraction structure is fixedly connected to the upper end of the bracket, a top cover is fixedly installed on the upper end of the separation and extraction structure, a hoist is fixedly connected to the upper end of the top cover, a steam circulation cabinet connected to the top cover through a pipeline is arranged at the front of the bracket, a driving cabinet transmission-connected to the separation and extraction structure is arranged on the right side of the bracket, a pressure relief valve connected to the lower end of the top cover is installed on the upper end of the top cover, and a sealing plug is fixedly connected to the lower end of the top cover.

[0014] Preferably, the separation and extraction structure includes a treatment cylinder fixedly connected to the upper end of the bracket, a separation cylinder is arranged on the inner surface of the treatment cylinder, an extraction cylinder is arranged on the inner surface of the separation cylinder, and a concentration cylinder is arranged on the lower part of the inner surface of the treatment cylinder which is connected to the steam circulation cabinet through an air pipe and is driven by a belt with the driving cabinet.

[0015] Preferably, the extraction cylinder includes a cylinder wall 2 connected to a hoist via a cable, and the cylinder wall 2 can move up and down inside the separation cylinder under the action of the hoist, and a plurality of F-shaped limit blocks are fixedly connected to a ring-shaped distribution on the upper portion of the outer surface of the cylinder wall 2, and a screen is fixedly installed on the lower portion of the inner surface of the cylinder wall 2, and the inner surface of the screen is rotatably connected to a processing component via a limit ring, and the input end of the processing component is rotatably connected to a steam pipe connected to the steam output end of the steam circulation cabinet.

[0016] Preferably, the processing component includes a rotating pipe rotatably connected to the inner surface of the sieve and the outer surface of the steam pipe. The upper end of the rotating pipe is fixedly connected with a columnar conical nozzle. A plurality of capillary pores communicating with its inner cavity are arranged on the outer surface of the columnar conical nozzle. A plurality of L-shaped branch pipes are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating pipe in a circular distribution. The bent parts of two adjacent L-shaped branch pipes are perpendicular to each other. A plurality of horizontal pipes are fixedly connected to the side close to the bending direction of the horizontal parts of the plurality of L-shaped branch pipes in an array distribution.

[0017] Preferably, the separation cylinder includes a cylinder wall one slidably connected to the inner wall of the processing cylinder. A plurality of limiting grooves one slidably connected to adjacent F-shaped limiting blocks are arranged on the inner surface of the cylinder wall one in a circular distribution. An annular groove adapted to the lower end size of the cylinder wall two is arranged on the lower part of the inner surface of the cylinder wall one. A plurality of communicating pipes communicating with the lower part of its outer surface are arranged on the bottom wall of the inner surface of the annular groove in a circular distribution. The outer surface of the cylinder wall one does not fit with the inner wall of the processing cylinder at the positions corresponding to the outlets of the communicating pipes.

[0018] Preferably, a plurality of sliders are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the cylinder wall one in a circular distribution. A through hole communicating with the limiting groove one is arranged on the inner surface of each of the plurality of sliders. An arc-shaped block is slidably connected to the inner surface of the through hole. One end of the arc-shaped block far away from the limiting groove one is fixedly connected with a T-shaped rod located on the inner surface of the slider. A horizontal groove slidably connected to the outer surface of the T-shaped rod is arranged on the inner surface of the slider. One end of the arc-shaped block far away from the limiting groove one is fixedly connected with a spring.

[0019] Preferably, a limiting groove two slidably connected to the outer surface of the extraction cylinder is arranged on the inner surface of the processing cylinder at the position corresponding to the slider. Wedge-shaped blocks are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner surface of the limiting groove two. The two wedge-shaped blocks correspond to the positions of the lower T-shaped rods. When the T-shaped rod moves to the uppermost part, the T-shaped rod will be at the farthest end of the horizontal groove under the action of the wedge-shaped block. At this time, the arc-shaped block is inside the through hole.

[0020] Preferably, the concentration cylinder includes an evaporation pipe fixedly connected to the lower part of the inner surface of the processing cylinder. A heater is installed inside the evaporation pipe. A conical collecting bucket is fixedly connected to the lower end of the processing cylinder. A driving shaft rotatably connected to the inner surface of the conical collecting bucket and belt-driven by the driving cabinet is arranged at the lower part of the inner surface of the conical collecting bucket. A plurality of groups of connecting rods symmetrically arranged up and down are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the driving shaft in a circular distribution. The two connecting rods in the same group are fixedly connected with a vertical scraper at the ends far away from the driving shaft. The side of each of the plurality of vertical scrapers close to the inner wall of the evaporation pipe is an arc surface. An anti-scaling scraper fitting with the inner wall of the evaporation pipe is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the plurality of evaporation pipes. Air holes communicating with its inner cavity are arranged on the outer surface of the driving shaft. The inner surface of the driving shaft is communicated with the steam recovery end of the steam circulation cabinet through an air pipe.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The present invention can efficiently extract the active ingredients in tangerine peel and improve the extraction rate by means of high-temperature and high-pressure extraction combined with precise control of the material-liquid ratio, temperature, pressure and time; filter impurities through a filter screen to remove solid impurities and ensure the purity of the product; set the evaporation concentration temperature to maximize the retention of its activity while increasing the concentration of the active ingredients, and improve the extraction efficiency and quality of the active ingredients in tangerine peel.

[0023] 2. The present invention drives the extraction cylinder and the separation cylinder to rise by the interaction between the elevator and the extraction cylinder, and then seals the separation cylinder and the extraction cylinder by means of a sealing plug. At the same time, high-temperature steam is provided to the extraction cylinder through a steam circulation cabinet to heat the mixed solution in the extraction cylinder, so as to fully release the active ingredients in the tangerine peel. After the extraction is completed, the separation cylinder is driven to descend by the cooperation between the separation cylinder and the treatment cylinder, so that the separation cylinder is separated from the bottom of the extraction cylinder. The insoluble matter in it is separated and filtered through the action of the extraction cylinder. At the same time, the aqueous extract is promoted to enter the concentration cylinder through the extraction cylinder and the separation cylinder for evaporation and concentration, and is centrally collected and processed.

[0024] 3. The present invention provides high-temperature steam to the treatment component through the action of the steam circulation cabinet and the steam pipe, and uses the action of the horizontal pipe to spray the steam horizontally to drive the rotating pipe to rotate, and then stir the mixed solution in the cylinder wall two, so as to promote the uniform release of the active ingredients in the tangerine peel and improve the extraction efficiency; further, the action of the L-shaped branch pipe increases the contact time and contact area between the steam and the material, makes the heat exchange more sufficient, can heat the material more evenly, helps to improve the extraction efficiency, and at the same time prevents the material from accumulating and caking at the bottom of the tank, ensures that the material can be heated evenly, and avoids the occurrence of local overheating or incomplete extraction.

[0025] 4. The present invention drives the cylinder wall two to rise by the cooperation between the elevator and the cylinder wall two, and synchronously uses the action of the wedge block and the T-shaped rod to separate the arc-shaped block from the F-shaped limit block, so that the cylinder wall one is separated from the support of the cylinder wall two and resets downward, and thereby increases the distance between the bottom wall of the cylinder wall one and the screen, promotes the aqueous extract on the upper layer of the screen to enter the inner cavity of the cylinder wall one through the screen, and makes the insoluble matter and impurities stay on the upper layer of the screen, realizing the separation and filtration of the aqueous extract, reducing the impurity content in the finished product, and improving the quality of the finished product.

[0026] 5. The present invention uses the distribution function of the annular groove and the communicating pipe to make the aqueous extract flow uniformly into the inner wall of the evaporation pipe through the inner wall of the treatment cylinder, and drives the drive shaft to rotate by the drive of the drive cabinet on the drive shaft. The drive shaft drives the vertical scraper to scrape evenly on the inner wall of the evaporation pipe, so that the slowly flowing aqueous extract forms a uniform thin film. Through the heating action of the evaporation pipe, the deionized water in the aqueous extract is evaporated and separated, the concentration of the extract is increased, and then the active ingredients in the extract are concentrated, the quality of the extract is improved, and the post-treatment process is reduced. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 is the process flow chart of the preparation of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the extraction equipment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the separation and extraction structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the extraction cylinder of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the processing component of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the separation cylinder of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 of the present invention Figure 6 is the enlarged schematic diagram of the partial structure at A in

[0034] Figure 8 of the present invention Figure 11 is the enlarged schematic diagram of the partial structure at B in;

[0035] Figure 9 of the present invention Figure 3 is the enlarged schematic diagram of the partial structure at C in;

[0036] Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of the concentration cylinder of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the vertical scraper and the scale prevention scraper of the present invention.

[0038] In the figure: 1, support; 2, separation and extraction structure; 21, processing cylinder; 22, separation cylinder; 221, cylinder wall one; 222, limit groove one; 223, slider; 224, annular groove; 225, communication pipe; 226, horizontal groove; 227, arc-shaped block; 228, spring; 229, T-shaped rod; 23, extraction cylinder; 231, cylinder wall two; 232, steam pipe; 233, processing component; 2331, rotating pipe; 2332, L-shaped branch pipe; 2333, horizontal pipe; 2334, columnar conical nozzle; 2335, capillary hole; 234, F-shaped limit block; 235, screen; 24, concentration cylinder; 241, evaporation pipe; 242, drive shaft; 243, connecting rod; 244, vertical scraper; 245, conical collection bucket; 246, scale prevention scraper; 25, limit groove two; 26, wedge-shaped block; 3, hoist; 4, top cover; 41, sealing plug; 5, steam circulation cabinet; 6, drive cabinet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0040] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1 As shown, a tangerine peel screening and separation effective component extraction and separation process is characterized in that it includes the following steps:

[0041] Raw material preparation S1: Select high-quality tangerine peel, remove impurities and moldy parts therein, wash and dry the tangerine peel, and then grind it into 50-80 meshes;

[0042] High temperature extraction S2: The crushed tangerine peel powder is placed in an extraction device, and an appropriate amount of deionized water is added as an extraction solvent at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10-1:20 (g / mL), and the extraction is performed under high temperature and high pressure conditions. The extraction temperature is controlled at 90-100° C., the pressure is maintained in the range of 3-5 MPa, and the extraction time is 1-2 hours;

[0043] Impurity separation S3: After the extraction is completed, the water extract is filtered through a filter with a filtration accuracy of 250-350 mesh to remove solid impurities and residues;

[0044] Evaporation and concentration S4: The water extract after impurity separation is further evaporated and concentrated. The evaporation temperature is set at 60-90°C. Most of the solvent is removed by evaporation, so that the concentration of the active ingredient in the extract is gradually increased;

[0045] Finished product collection S5: The ointment after evaporation and concentration is collected in a unified and centralized manner.

[0046] The present invention can efficiently extract effective components in tangerine peel and improve the extraction rate through high-temperature and high-pressure extraction combined with precise material-liquid ratio, temperature, pressure and time control; separate impurities through filtering through a filter screen, remove solid impurities to ensure product purity; and increase the concentration of effective components while retaining their activity to the greatest extent through evaporation and concentration temperature setting, thereby improving the extraction efficiency and quality of the effective components of tangerine peel.

[0047] Further, in order to separate and extract the active ingredients in the dried orange peel powder, refer to Figure 2 The extraction equipment includes a bracket 1, a separation and extraction structure 2 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the bracket 1, a top cover 4 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the separation and extraction structure 2, a hoist 3 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the top cover 4, a steam circulation cabinet 5 connected to the top cover 4 through a pipeline is arranged at the front of the bracket 1, a driving cabinet 6 connected to the separation and extraction structure 2 by transmission is arranged on the right side of the bracket 1, a pressure relief valve connected to the lower end of the top cover 4 is installed on the upper end of the top cover 4, and a sealing plug 41 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the top cover 4.

[0048] Further, to achieve the processing of tangerine peel powder, refer to Figure 3 , the separation and extraction structure 2 includes a processing cylinder 21 fixedly connected to the upper end of the bracket 1. A separation cylinder 22 is arranged on the inner surface of the processing cylinder 21, and an extraction cylinder 23 is arranged on the inner surface of the separation cylinder 22. A concentration cylinder 24 is arranged at the lower part of the inner surface of the processing cylinder 21, which is communicated with the steam circulation cabinet 5 through a trachea and driven by a belt by the drive cabinet 6.

[0049] During the operation of this embodiment, open the top cover 4 and add the powder to be processed and deionized water into the extraction cylinder 23, and the corresponding steps are S1 and S2;

[0050] And utilize the interaction between the elevator 3 and the extraction cylinder 23 to drive the extraction cylinder 23 and the separation cylinder 22 to rise, and then use the sealing plug 41 to seal the separation cylinder 22 and the extraction cylinder 23. At the same time, provide high-temperature steam into the extraction cylinder 23 through the steam circulation cabinet 5 to heat the mixed solution in the extraction cylinder 23, so as to fully release the effective components in the tangerine peel, and the corresponding step is S2;

[0051] After the extraction is completed, utilize the cooperation between the separation cylinder 22 and the processing cylinder 21 to cause the separation cylinder 22 to descend, so that the bottom of the separation cylinder 22 is separated from the extraction cylinder 23, and the insoluble matter therein is separated and filtered through the action of the extraction cylinder 23, and the corresponding step is S3;

[0052] And cause the water extract to enter the concentration cylinder 24 through the extraction cylinder 23 and the separation cylinder 22 for evaporation and concentration, and collect and process it centrally, and the corresponding steps are S4 and S5.

[0053] It should be particularly noted that the above-mentioned steam circulation cabinet 5 is a commonly used steam generation device in the prior art, which includes a boiler, a condenser and a circulation pump. The water is heated by the boiler, and the steam is promoted to flow out through the output port by the circulation pump. Further, its input end receives the steam and condenses it into water for recycling through the condenser. This structure has been widely used in the prior art. In the present invention, only its function of outputting and recovering steam is utilized, and its internal structure, operation principle, wiring and control method will not be elaborated;

[0054] Further, the above-mentioned drive cabinet 6 is a conventional drive device in the prior art, and a drive motor is installed inside it to drive other driven devices through a pulley and a belt. This structure has been widely used in the prior art. In the present invention, only its function of driving the concentration cylinder 24 to operate is utilized, and its internal structure, operation principle, wiring and control method will not be elaborated;

[0055] Synchronously, the elevator 3 is a conventional lifting device, which is connected to the concentration cylinder 24 through a cable. By contracting and releasing the cable, the concentration cylinder 24 is driven to move up and down in the processing cylinder 21. Its lifting principle and control method are conventional technologies, and the present invention will not elaborate on its internal structure, operating principle, wiring, and control method.

[0056] Embodiment 2: On the basis of Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides high-temperature steam to the processing component 233 through the steam circulation cabinet 5 and the steam pipe 232. By the action of the horizontal pipe 2333, the steam is ejected horizontally, driving the rotating pipe 2331 to rotate, and then agitating the mixed solution in the cylinder wall 231, promoting the uniform release of the active ingredients in the tangerine peel and improving the extraction efficiency. Further, by the action of the L-shaped branch pipe 2332, the contact time and contact area between the steam and the material are increased, making the heat exchange more sufficient, heating the material more evenly, helping to improve the extraction efficiency, preventing the material from accumulating and caking at the bottom of the tank, ensuring that the material can be heated evenly, and avoiding local overheating or incomplete extraction.

[0057] Specifically, to achieve high-temperature and high-pressure extraction of tangerine peel powder, refer to Figure 4 , the extraction cylinder 23 includes a cylinder wall 231 connected to the elevator 3 through a cable. The cylinder wall 231 can move up and down inside the separation cylinder 22 under the action of the elevator 3. A number of F-shaped limit blocks 234 are fixedly connected in a circular distribution on the upper part of the outer surface of the cylinder wall 231. A screen 235 is fixedly installed on the lower part of the inner surface of the cylinder wall 231. The inner surface of the screen 235 is rotationally connected with a processing component 233 through a limit ring. The input end of the processing component 233 is rotationally connected with a steam pipe 232 communicated with the steam output end of the steam circulation cabinet 5.

[0058] In the initial state, the bottom of the cylinder wall 231 contacts the bottom of the cylinder wall 221. The space between its screen 235 and the bottom wall of the cylinder wall 221 is small, and part of the deionized water will be in this small space. However, due to the blocking of the screen 235, the tangerine peel powder and insoluble impurities will not enter, which does not affect the subsequent filtration accuracy.

[0059] Further, under the cooperation of the steam pipe 232 and the processing component 233, the mixture inside the cylinder wall 231 is heated by high-temperature steam. Through heating, the active ingredients in the tangerine peel powder are efficiently released. Then, the rotation of the processing component 233 drives the mixed solution to stir, ensuring that the tangerine peel powder is evenly dispersed under the thermal action, thus effectively improving the extraction efficiency.

[0060] At the same time, due to the blocking of the sealing plug 41, the high-temperature steam will not escape from the range of the cylinder wall 221 and the cylinder wall 231, but forms a high pressure in this space, accelerating the extraction process and improving the extraction rate of the active ingredients in the tangerine peel.

[0061] Further, to heat and pressurize the mixed solution, refer to Figure 5 , the processing component 233 includes a rotating tube 2331 rotatably connected to the inner surface of the screen 235 and the outer surface of the steam pipe 232. The upper end of the rotating tube 2331 is fixedly connected with a columnar conical nozzle 2334. A number of capillary holes 2335 communicating with its inner cavity are formed on the outer surface of the columnar conical nozzle 2334. A number of L-shaped branch pipes 2332 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating tube 2331 in a circular distribution. The bent parts of two adjacent L-shaped branch pipes 2332 are perpendicular to each other. A number of horizontal pipes 2333 are fixedly connected to the side of the horizontal part of each of the L-shaped branch pipes 2332 close to the bending direction in an array.

[0062] First of all, it should be clear that the arrangement of the L-shaped branch pipes 2332 is designed to maximize the contact area between the steam and the tangerine peel powder, thereby enhancing the heat transfer efficiency. On this basis, the present invention adopts a staggered distribution form. Half of the L-shaped branch pipes 2332 have their nozzles facing upward, and the steam is sprayed upward, forming a countercurrent flow with the falling materials and water, increasing the contact time and contact area between the steam and the materials, making the heat exchange more sufficient, heating the materials more evenly, and helping to improve the extraction efficiency;

[0063] Further, the upward-inclined steam flow will generate an upward thrust on the materials, prompting the materials to form a tumbling effect in the tank, preventing the materials from settling at the bottom of the tank, making the materials fully mixed with water and steam, and further improving the dissolution rate of the active ingredients.

[0064] The nozzles of the other half of the L-shaped branch pipes 2332 face downward, and the impact force of the downward-sprayed steam can act on the materials at the bottom of the tank, preventing the materials from accumulating and caking at the bottom of the tank, ensuring that the materials can be heated evenly, and avoiding local overheating or incomplete extraction;

[0065] Further, for some materials that are not sufficiently crushed, have a large density, and are prone to settling at the bottom of the tank, the downward-inclined nozzles can more directly heat the bottom materials, enabling the bottom materials to also fully contact with the steam and ensuring the consistency of the extraction effect of the materials in the entire tank.

[0066] Synchronously, during the steam spraying process, the horizontally distributed horizontal pipes 2333 will drive the rotating tube 2331 to rotate, so that the L-shaped branch pipes 2332 can act on every place within the circumferential operation range, improving their working efficiency. At the same time, the agitation of the mixed solution can also make the heating and extraction processes in the solution more uniform, thereby improving the extraction efficiency and the quality of the finished product.

[0067] Embodiment 3. On the basis of Embodiment 2, this embodiment further utilizes the cooperation between the elevator 3 and the second cylinder wall 231 to drive the second cylinder wall 231 to rise, and synchronously utilizes the action of the wedge block 26 and the T-shaped rod 229 to cause the arc-shaped block 227 to separate from the F-shaped limiting block 234. As a result, the first cylinder wall 221 disengages from the support of the second cylinder wall 231 and resets downward, thereby increasing the distance between the bottom wall of the first cylinder wall 221 and the screen 235, promoting the aqueous extract on the upper layer of the screen 235 to enter the inner cavity of the first cylinder wall 221 through the screen 235, and enabling the insoluble matters and impurities to stay on the upper layer of the screen 235, realizing the separation and filtration of the aqueous extract, reducing the impurity content in the finished product, and improving the quality of the finished product.

[0068] Specifically, to separate the extract and the insoluble matters, refer to Figure 6 , the separation cylinder 22 includes a first cylinder wall 221 slidably connected to the inner wall of the treatment cylinder 21. The inner surface of the first cylinder wall 221 is annularly provided with a first limiting groove 222 slidably connected to the adjacent F-shaped limiting block 234. The lower part of the inner surface of the first cylinder wall 221 is provided with an annular groove 224 adapted to the lower end size of the second cylinder wall 231. The bottom wall of the inner surface of the annular groove 224 is annularly provided with a plurality of communication pipes 225 communicating with the lower part of its outer surface. The outer surface of the first cylinder wall 221 does not contact the inner wall of the treatment cylinder 21 at the positions corresponding to the outlets of the communication pipes 225.

[0069] Furthermore, to limit the second cylinder wall 231, refer to Figure 7 , a plurality of sliders 223 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first cylinder wall 221 in an annular distribution. The inner surfaces of the plurality of sliders 223 are all provided with through holes communicating with the first limiting groove 222. The inner surface of the through hole is slidably connected with an arc-shaped block 227. One end of the arc-shaped block 227 far from the first limiting groove 222 is fixedly connected with a T-shaped rod 229 located on the inner surface of the slider 223. The inner surface of the slider 223 is provided with a horizontal groove 226 slidably connected to the outer surface of the T-shaped rod 229. One end of the arc-shaped block 227 far from the first limiting groove 222 is fixedly connected with a spring 228.

[0070] Furthermore, to separate the second cylinder wall 231 and the first cylinder wall 221, refer to Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 , the inner surface of the treatment cylinder 21 is provided with a second limiting groove 25 slidably connected to the outer surface of the extraction cylinder 23 at the positions corresponding to the sliders 223. The upper part of the inner surface of the second limiting groove 25 is symmetrically fixedly connected with wedge blocks 26. The two wedge blocks 26 correspond to the positions of the lower T-shaped rods 229. When the T-shaped rod 229 moves to the uppermost part, the T-shaped rod 229 will be at the farthest end of the horizontal groove 226 under the action of the wedge block 26, and at this time, the arc-shaped block 227 is inside the through hole.

[0071] When the second cylinder wall 231 rises for the second time under the action of the hoist 3, the T-shaped rod 229 will move away from the first cylinder wall 221 under the action of the wedge block 26 in the second limiting groove 25. During this process, the arc-shaped block 227 gradually separates from the F-shaped limiting block 234, and the F-shaped limiting block 234 can no longer support the first cylinder wall 221 through the arc-shaped block 227. At this time, under the action of gravity, the first cylinder wall 221 will fall downward along the second limiting groove 25, and the wedge block 26 separates from the T-shaped rod 229. Under the action of the spring 228, the T-shaped rod 229 resets;

[0072] And it makes the annular groove 224 separate from the lower end of the second cylinder wall 231, and the screen 235 separates from the bottom wall of the first cylinder wall 221. At this time, a space is formed on the upper side of the inner wall of the first cylinder wall 221 below the screen 235. The aqueous extract above the screen 235 will enter the lower part of the screen 235 through the screen 235, but the insoluble substances will be blocked and stay at the upper end of the screen 235, realizing the filtration and separation of the mixture, reducing the impurity content in the aqueous extract, and thus improving the product quality;

[0073] Further, when the hoist 3 drives the second cylinder wall 231 to descend, the F-shaped limiting block 234 will press the upper arc part of the arc-shaped block 227 to make it enter the through hole. After the second cylinder wall 231 completely falls into the evaporation tube 241, the arc-shaped block 227 resets under the action of the spring 228 and is above the F-shaped limiting block 234. At this time, when the second cylinder wall 231 rises, the F-shaped limiting block 234 contacts the lower plane part of the arc-shaped block 227 and can synchronously carry the first cylinder wall 221 to rise.

[0074] Embodiment 4. On the basis of Embodiment 3, this embodiment utilizes the distribution function of the annular groove 224 and the communication pipe 225 to make the aqueous extract flow uniformly into the inner wall of the evaporation tube 241 through the inner wall of the treatment cylinder 21, and drives the drive shaft 242 to rotate by driving the drive shaft 242 by the drive cabinet 6. The vertical scraper 244 is driven by the drive shaft 242 to scrape uniformly on the inner wall of the evaporation tube 241, so that the slowly flowing aqueous extract forms a uniform thin film. Through the heating action of the evaporation tube 241, the deionized water in the aqueous extract is evaporated and separated, the concentration of the extract is increased, and thus the active ingredients in the extract are concentrated, the quality of the extract is improved, and the post-treatment process is reduced.

[0075] Specifically, to achieve the concentration and collection of the aqueous extract, refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11, the concentration cylinder 24 includes an evaporation pipe 241 fixedly connected to the lower part of the inner surface of the treatment cylinder 21. A heater is installed inside the evaporation pipe 241. The lower end of the treatment cylinder 21 is fixedly connected to a conical collection bucket 245. An output pipe is also provided at the bottom of the conical collection bucket 245 and is centrally discharged to the outside through the output pipe. A drive shaft 242 rotatably connected to the lower part of the inner surface of the conical collection bucket 245 and belt-driven by the drive cabinet 6 is provided. A plurality of groups of connecting rods 243 symmetrically arranged up and down are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the drive shaft 242 in a circular distribution. The ends of the two connecting rods 243 in the same group away from the drive shaft 242 are jointly fixedly connected to a vertical scraper 244. One side of each of the plurality of vertical scrapers 244 close to the inner wall of the evaporation pipe 241 is an arc surface. An anti-scaling scraper 246 that fits the inner wall of the evaporation pipe 241 is fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of the plurality of evaporation pipes 241. Air holes communicating with its inner cavity are provided on the outer surface of the drive shaft 242. The inner surface of the drive shaft 242 is communicated with the steam recovery end of the steam circulation cabinet 5 through an air pipe.

[0076] After the water extract flows out through the connecting pipe 225, it adheres to the inner wall of the treatment cylinder 21 and flows downward, and gradually enters the range of the evaporation pipe 241;

[0077] Under the driving action of the drive cabinet 6, the rotation of the drive shaft 242 can drive the vertical scraper 244 to rotate through the connecting rod 243. The distance between the vertical scraper 244 and the inner wall of the evaporation pipe 241 is between 0.5 and 2 millimeters, and the distance is adaptively adjusted according to the heating efficiency of the evaporation pipe 241 during actual use. During the rotation of the vertical scraper 244 around the drive shaft 242, the extract adhering to the inner wall of the evaporation pipe 241 will be scraped by the vertical scraper 244. The water extract forms a uniform thin film on the inner wall of the evaporation pipe 241 and is heated and evaporated under the action of the heater in the evaporation pipe 241. The water concentration gradually decreases, and the water extract is gradually concentrated into a paste, and finally falls into the conical collection bucket 245.

[0078] Since the falling speed of the extract cannot be controlled, some of the extract will scale inside the evaporation pipe 241 due to excessive evaporation. Under the action of the anti-scaling scraper 246 provided on the outer surfaces of the plurality of vertical scrapers 244, the materials on the inner wall structure of the evaporation pipe 241 can be scraped off, thereby preventing the materials from scaling on the inner wall of the evaporation pipe 241 and affecting the subsequent evaporation and concentration efficiency.

[0079] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A process for extracting and separating effective components from tangerine peel by screening and separation, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Raw material preparation S1: Select high-quality tangerine peel, remove impurities and mildewed parts therein, wash and dry the tangerine peel, and then perform pulverization treatment with a pulverization mesh size of 50-80 mesh; High-temperature extraction S2: Place the pulverized tangerine peel powder in an extraction device, add an appropriate amount of deionized water as an extraction solvent according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10-1:20 (g / mL), and perform extraction under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. The extraction temperature is controlled at 90-100 °C, the pressure is maintained in the range of 3-5 MPa, and the extraction time is 1-2 hours; Impurity separation S3: After the extraction is completed, filter the water extract through a filter screen with a filtration accuracy of 250-350 mesh to remove solid impurities and residues therein; Evaporation and concentration S4: Further evaporate and concentrate the water extract after impurity separation. The evaporation temperature is set at 60-90 °C, and most of the solvent is removed by evaporation to gradually increase the concentration of the active ingredients in the extract; Finished product collection S5: Uniformly collect the concentrated paste after evaporation and concentration.

2. The extraction and separation process for screening and separating effective components from tangerine peel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extraction device includes a bracket (1), the upper end of the bracket (1) is fixedly connected with a separation and extraction structure (2), the upper end of the separation and extraction structure (2) is fixedly installed with a top cover (4), the upper end of the top cover (4) is fixedly connected with a hoist (3), the front part of the bracket (1) is provided with a steam circulation cabinet (5) communicated with the top cover (4) through a pipeline, the right side of the bracket (1) is provided with a drive cabinet (6) drivingly connected with the separation and extraction structure (2), a pressure relief valve communicated with the lower end thereof is installed on the upper end of the top cover (4), and a sealing plug (41) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the top cover (4).

3. A process for extracting and separating effective components of tangerine peel screening according to claim 2, characterized in that: The separation and extraction structure (2) includes a treatment cylinder (21) fixedly connected to the upper end of the bracket (1), a separation cylinder (22) is arranged on the inner surface of the treatment cylinder (21), an extraction cylinder (23) is arranged on the inner surface of the separation cylinder (22), and a concentration cylinder (24) communicated with the steam circulation cabinet (5) through an air pipe and drivingly connected with the drive cabinet (6) through a belt is arranged at the lower part of the inner surface of the treatment cylinder (21).

4. A process for extracting and separating effective components from tangerine peel screening according to claim 3, characterized in that: The extraction cylinder (23) includes a cylinder wall two (231) connected to the hoist (3) through a cable. The cylinder wall two (231) can move up and down inside the separation cylinder (22) under the action of the hoist (3). A plurality of F-shaped limiting blocks (234) are fixedly connected in a circumferential distribution on the upper part of the outer surface of the cylinder wall two (231). A screen (235) is fixedly installed on the lower part of the inner surface of the cylinder wall two (231). A treatment assembly (233) is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the screen (235) through a limiting ring. The input end of the treatment assembly (233) is rotatably connected to a steam pipe (232) communicated with the steam output end of the steam circulation cabinet (5).

5. A process for extracting and separating effective components of tangerine peel screening and separation, according to claim 4, characterized in that: The processing component (233) includes a rotating tube (2331) rotatably connected to the inner surface of the screen (235) and the outer surface of the steam pipe (232). The upper end of the rotating tube (2331) is fixedly connected to a columnar conical nozzle (2334). A number of capillary pores (2335) communicating with its inner cavity are provided on the outer surface of the columnar conical nozzle (2334). A number of L-shaped branch pipes (2332) are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating tube (2331) in a circular distribution. The bent parts of two adjacent L-shaped branch pipes (2332) are perpendicular to each other. A number of horizontal pipes (2333) are fixedly connected to the side of the horizontal part of each of the L-shaped branch pipes (2332) close to the bending direction in an array distribution.

6. The extraction and separation process for screening and separating effective components from tangerine peel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The separation cylinder (22) includes a cylinder wall one (221) slidably connected to the inner wall of the processing cylinder (21). A number of limiting grooves one (222) slidably connected to adjacent F-shaped limiting blocks (234) are provided on the inner surface of the cylinder wall one (221) in a circular distribution. An annular groove (224) adapted to the lower end size of the cylinder wall two (231) is provided on the lower part of the inner surface of the cylinder wall one (221). A number of communicating pipes (225) communicating with the lower part of its outer surface are provided on the bottom wall of the inner surface of the annular groove (224) in a circular distribution. The outer surface of the cylinder wall one (221) does not contact the inner wall of the processing cylinder (21) at the positions corresponding to the outlets of the communicating pipes (225).

7. A process for extracting and separating effective components of tangerine peel screening according to claim 6, characterized in that: A number of sliders (223) are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the cylinder wall one (221) in a circular distribution. Through holes communicating with the limiting grooves one (222) are provided on the inner surfaces of the sliders (223). An arc-shaped block (227) is slidably connected to the inner surface of the through hole. One end of the arc-shaped block (227) far from the limiting groove one (222) is fixedly connected to a T-shaped rod (229) located on the inner surface of the slider (223). A horizontal groove (226) slidably connected to the outer surface of the T-shaped rod (229) is provided on the inner surface of the slider (223). One end of the arc-shaped block (227) far from the limiting groove one (222) is fixedly connected to a spring (228).

8. A process for extracting and separating effective components from tangerine peel screening according to claim 7, characterized in that: Limiting grooves two (25) slidably connected to the outer surface of the extraction cylinder (23) are provided on the inner surface of the processing cylinder (21) at the positions corresponding to the sliders (223). Wedge-shaped blocks (26) are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner surface of the limiting grooves two (25). The two wedge-shaped blocks (26) correspond to the positions of the lower T-shaped rods (229). When the T-shaped rod (229) moves to the uppermost position, the T-shaped rod (229) will be at the farthest end of the horizontal groove (226) under the action of the wedge-shaped block (26). At this time, the arc-shaped block (227) is inside the through hole.

9. The extraction and separation process of effective components for tangerine peel screening and separation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The concentration cylinder (24) includes an evaporation tube (241) fixedly connected to the lower part of the inner surface of the processing cylinder (21). A heater is installed inside the evaporation tube (241). The lower end of the processing cylinder (21) is fixedly connected to a conical collection bucket (245). A drive shaft (242) rotatably connected to the inner surface of the lower part of the conical collection bucket (245) and belt-driven by the drive cabinet (6) is provided. A plurality of groups of connecting rods (243) that are symmetrically distributed up and down are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the drive shaft (242). The ends of the two connecting rods (243) in the same group away from the drive shaft (242) are jointly fixedly connected to a vertical scraper (244). One side of each of the plurality of vertical scrapers (244) close to the inner wall of the evaporation tube (241) is an arc surface. An anti-scaling scraper (246) that fits the inner wall of the evaporation tube (241) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the plurality of evaporation tubes (241). Air holes communicating with its inner cavity are formed in the outer surface of the drive shaft (242). The inner surface of the drive shaft (242) is communicated with the steam recovery end of the steam circulation cabinet (5) through an air pipe.

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