A continuous purification and treatment device for drilling fluid waste

Abstract

The present invention discloses a continuous purification treatment device for drilling fluid waste, comprising a drill cuttings screening mechanism having a first solid material discharge port, a second solid material discharge port, and a liquid discharge port, wherein the inlet end of the drill cuttings discharge member is connected to the first solid material discharge port, the inlet end of the extrusion-type dehydration mechanism is connected to the second solid material discharge port, the inlet end of the multi-stage drawer-type purification mechanism is connected to the liquid discharge port, and an adjustable material feeding mechanism is provided at the inlet end of the drill cuttings screening mechanism. The present invention can effectively reduce the investment cost of the equipment, improve the convenience of transportation, transfer, installation, and maintenance, and can remove solids and harmful substances from the waste liquid step by step, so that the entire purification treatment process is in a continuous state, thereby improving the efficiency of the purification treatment, and harmlessly treating solids and harmful substances as needed, thereby avoiding environmental pollution. The present invention is applicable to the technical field of drilling fluid waste in drilling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of treating pollutants generated by drilling, and in particular relates to a device for continuously purifying and treating drilling fluid waste. Background Art

[0002] Drilling fluid plays a critical role in oil and gas drilling, lubricating the drill bit, carrying cuttings, stabilizing the wellbore, and balancing formation pressure. However, during use, drilling fluid gradually loses its effectiveness due to mechanical action, chemical reactions, and formation contamination, ultimately becoming drilling fluid waste. Furthermore, because drilling fluid carries cuttings back to the surface, even after separation via vibrating screens, a large amount of fine particles (particle size <50μm) remain, leading to an increased solids content in the drilling fluid. Furthermore, high-solids waste slurry discharged from equipment such as desanders, desilters, and centrifuges can contaminate the drilling fluid. Existing treatment methods remove cuttings from the drilling fluid waste through screening or filtration, followed by separate treatment of the separated solid and liquid phases. Typically, a filter press is used to completely dehydrate the solid phase, and the filtered liquid is recovered and mixed with the liquid phase. Residual substances in the liquid phase are then separated using evaporative crystallization equipment, membrane separation equipment, or activated carbon adsorption equipment. As can be seen, purifying drilling fluid waste requires multiple steps and the use of corresponding purification equipment, which increases equipment investment costs. It is also inconvenient for transportation, installation, and maintenance, and its limited portability and maneuverability increase transportation, installation, and maintenance costs. Furthermore, the treatment of drilling fluid waste is not continuous, resulting in low efficiency. Furthermore, the use of vibrating screens or centrifuges has a low retention rate for ultrafine particles (particle size <5μm), exacerbating subsequent membrane fouling. Furthermore, the moisture content of the dehydrated sludge remains high (50-60%), increasing transportation and disposal costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a continuous purification and treatment device for drilling fluid waste, which is used to reduce the investment cost of equipment and improve the convenience of transportation, transfer, installation, maintenance, etc., and can remove solids and harmful substances in the waste liquid step by step, so that the entire purification treatment process is in a continuous state, improving the efficiency of the purification treatment, and harmlessly treating solids and harmful substances according to needs to avoid environmental pollution.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0005] A continuous purification and treatment device for drilling fluid waste comprises a drill cuttings screening mechanism having a first solid material discharge port, a second solid material discharge port and a liquid discharge port, the inlet end of the drill cuttings discharge member is connected to the first solid material discharge port, the inlet end of the extrusion dehydration mechanism is connected to the second solid material discharge port, the inlet end of the multi-stage drawer-type purification mechanism is connected to the liquid discharge port, and an adjustable material diverting mechanism is provided at the inlet end of the drill cuttings screening mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, the drill cuttings screening mechanism includes a vertical liquid guide pipe coaxially arranged in the vertical conveying cylinder, a mesh screening plate is connected to the upper end of the vertical liquid guide pipe, the first solid material discharge outlet is formed at the upper end of the vertical conveying cylinder and is located at the edge of the mesh screening plate, the lower end of the adjustable material diverting mechanism is close to the upper end surface of the mesh screening plate, and a plurality of liquid guide holes are opened on the vertical liquid guide pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, a first extrusion blade is constructed outside the vertical liquid guide pipe and extends spirally along its axis. The lower end of the vertical liquid guide pipe extends from the lower end of the vertical conveying cylinder, and the vertical liquid guide pipe is rotatably connected to the vertical conveying cylinder. A first transmission wheel is coaxially assembled at the lower end of the vertical liquid guide pipe, and an extrusion pipe is constructed at the lower end of the vertical conveying cylinder. The second solid material discharge outlet is formed at the inlet end of the extrusion pipe, and a first control valve is installed on the extrusion pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper end of the vertical liquid guide pipe is plugged into the center of the mesh screen disc, and the vertical liquid guide pipe and the mesh screen disc are connected via an adjusting screw, and a screen bar extending along a spiral line is constructed on the upper end surface of the mesh screen disc.

[0009] Furthermore, the adjustable material dispensing mechanism includes a mounting plate detachably connected to the upper end of the drill cuttings screening mechanism, the mounting plate extends from the outside of the drill cuttings screening mechanism to the center of the drill cuttings screening mechanism, and a strip assembly hole extending along its length direction is opened on the mounting plate, and a plurality of vertical adjustment rods are installed on the mounting plate along its length direction through the strip assembly holes at intervals, and a material dispensing head is constructed at the lower end of each of the vertical adjustment rods, and the material dispensing head is close to or in contact with the screening surface of the drill cuttings screening mechanism.

[0010] Furthermore, the multi-stage drawer-type purification mechanism includes a vertical cabinet body with a liquid inlet joint and a liquid outlet joint respectively constructed at the upper and lower ends. A plurality of drawer-type purification units are installed in the vertical cabinet body along vertical intervals. Impurities mixed in the liquid are filtered step by step by these drawer-type purification units according to the particle size from large to small. The liquid inlet joint is connected to the liquid discharge port, and the liquid outlet joint is connected to the inlet end of the pressure water pump.

[0011] Furthermore, the drawer-type purification unit includes a drawer-type body that can be detachably assembled in a vertical cabinet, an assembly seat is assembled in the drawer-type body, and a plurality of filter cartridges are installed on the assembly seat at intervals, the upper end of each filter cartridge is in an open state, the lower end of the filter cartridge is closed, and a filter net is installed at the lower end of the drawer-type body.

[0012] Furthermore, the radial length of the filter cartridge decreases downward in the vertical direction, forming a conductive liquid cavity between the filter cartridge and the inner cavity of the drawer-type body, a backwash branch pipe is connected to the drawer-type body, a backwash control valve is installed on each of the backwash branch pipes, and the backwash branch pipes are connected to the backwash main pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the extrusion dehydration mechanism includes a feed cylinder, an extrusion cylinder and a discharge cylinder which are coaxially arranged and connected in sequence. A liquid collecting cylinder is coaxially sleeved outside the extrusion cylinder. The extrusion cylinder is covered with extrusion holes. The drive rod is coaxially arranged in the extrusion cylinder, and the two ends of the drive rod extend out of the feed cylinder and the discharge cylinder respectively. A second transmission wheel is coaxially mounted on the drive rod, and a second extrusion blade is spirally extended along its axis on the drive rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the pitch of the second extrusion blade decreases from the feed cylinder toward the discharge cylinder; a plurality of extrusion ports are opened at one end of the discharge cylinder away from the feed cylinder, and the elastic opening and closing component is constructed between the discharge cylinder and the liquid collecting cylinder, and the elastic opening and closing component elastically closes each extrusion port.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned structure, the present invention has achieved technical progress compared with the prior art in that: the present invention controls the operation of the cuttings screening mechanism, that is, completes the primary screening, and the drilling fluid waste liquid carrying the cuttings enters the inlet end of the cuttings screening mechanism. The cuttings screening mechanism screens out the large-particle cuttings, allowing this part of the cuttings to enter the cuttings discharge component through the first solid material discharge port, and then the cuttings are collected in the mixing kettle; and because the adjustable material feeding mechanism directly acts on the screening interface, the cuttings are quickly screened out. The screened drilling fluid waste liquid undergoes secondary screening at the lower end of the cuttings screening mechanism, and the separated sludge-like impurities enter the extrusion dehydration mechanism for dehydration treatment. The resulting solid waste is also collected in the mixing kettle. Afterwards, cement or lime is added to the mixing kettle, and an appropriate amount of water is injected for stirring, so that the heavy metals in the cuttings and other solid impurities are solidified, thereby meeting the landfill requirements of "GB18598-2019". The liquids coming out of the cuttings screening mechanism and the extrusion dehydration mechanism all enter the multi-stage drawer-type purification mechanism. The multi-stage drawer-type purification mechanism fully purifies the liquid through filtration, activated carbon adsorption and membrane adsorption, and finally meets the emission standards or the standards for recycling and reuse. In summary, the present invention can effectively reduce the investment cost of the equipment, improve the convenience of transportation, transfer, installation, maintenance, etc., and can remove solids and harmful substances in the waste liquid step by step, so that the entire purification process is in a continuous state, improves the efficiency of the purification process, and harmlessly treats the solids and harmful substances according to demand, avoiding the occurrence of environmental pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0017] In the attached figure:

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the corresponding arrangements of the drill cuttings screening mechanism, the drill cuttings discharge member, and the adjustable material feeding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 an axial cross-sectional view of the structure shown;

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical conveying cylinder in the drill cuttings screening mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5This is a schematic structural diagram of the vertical liquid guide pipe and mesh screening plate in the drill cuttings screening mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention after being disassembled;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure shown from another angle;

[0024] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of an adjustable material-diverting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of a drill cuttings discharge component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the corresponding arrangement of two multi-stage drawer-type purification mechanisms according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure shown from another angle;

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of a drawer-type purification unit in a multi-stage drawer-type purification mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 12 This is a structural cross-sectional view of a drawer-type purification unit in a multi-stage drawer-type purification mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 13 This is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical cabinet in a drawer-type purification unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 14 This is a structural diagram of a drawer-type purification unit according to an embodiment of the present invention after removing the vertical cabinet;

[0032] Figure 15 This is a schematic structural diagram of an extrusion-type dehydration mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 16 This is an axial structural cross-sectional view of an extrusion-type dehydration mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 17 This is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the elastic opening and closing assembly, the discharge cylinder and the liquid collecting cylinder in the extrusion type dehydration mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the extrusion-type dehydration mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention after removing the elastic opening and closing components;

[0036] Figure 19 It is a structural schematic diagram of the elastic opening and closing component in the extrusion type dehydration mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Labeled parts: 100-drill cuttings screening mechanism, 101-vertical conveying cylinder, 102-transition cylinder, 103-splashing edge, 104-blocking edge, 105-drill cuttings discharge port, 106-extrusion pipe, 107-first control valve, 108-mesh screening plate, 109-screening baffle, 110-transfer edge, 111-vertical sleeve, 112-guide bar, 113-adjusting screw, 114-vertical liquid guide pipe, 115-first extrusion blade, 116-guide groove, 117-first transmission wheel, 200-Adjustable feeding mechanism, 201-Mounting plate, 202-Fixing ear, 203-Strip assembly hole, 204-Vertical adjustment rod, 205-Feeding head, 206-Fastening nut, 300-Drill chip discharge component, 301-Chip discharge guide, 302-Chip discharge channel, 303-Chip feed port, 400-Connecting pipe system, 401-First pipe body, 402-Adapter, 403-Second pipe body, 404-Third pipe body, 405-Second control valve, 500-Multi-stage drawer-type purification mechanism , 501-vertical cabinet, 502-liquid inlet joint, 503-liquid inlet control valve, 504-liquid outlet joint, 505-liquid outlet control valve, 506-drawer type purification unit, 5061-drawer type body, 5062-assembly seat, 5063-filter cartridge, 5064-conducting liquid cavity, 5065-filter screen, 5066-conducting joint, 5067-connecting ear, 5068-push-pull handle, 5069-installation rail, 507-backwash branch pipe, 508-backwash control valve, 5 09-backwash main pipe, 600-extrusion dehydration mechanism, 601-feed cylinder, 602-extrusion cylinder, 603-discharge cylinder, 604-liquid collecting cylinder, 605-driving rod, 606-second extrusion blade, 607-second transmission wheel, 608-feed pipe, 609-extrusion port, 610-assembly ear, 611-mounting seat, 612-opening and closing sleeve, 613-discharge notch, 614-hard spring, 615-spring seat, 616-adjusting bolt, 617-locking nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0039] The present invention discloses a continuous purification treatment device for drilling fluid waste, such as Figure 1-19As shown, it includes a drill cuttings screening mechanism 100, a drill cuttings discharge component 300, an extrusion-type dehydration mechanism 600, a multi-stage drawer-type purification mechanism 500, and an adjustable material diverter mechanism 200. The drill cuttings screening mechanism 100 has a first solid material discharge port, a second solid material discharge port, and a liquid discharge port. The inlet end of the drill cuttings discharge component 300 is connected to the first solid material discharge port, the inlet end of the extrusion-type dehydration mechanism 600 is connected to the second solid material discharge port, the inlet end of the multi-stage drawer-type purification mechanism 500 is connected to the liquid discharge port, and the adjustable material diverter mechanism 200 is disposed at the inlet end of the drill cuttings screening mechanism 100. The working principle and advantages of the present invention are as follows: the present invention completes primary screening by controlling the action of the drill cuttings screening mechanism 100, and the drilling fluid waste liquid carrying the drill cuttings enters from the inlet end of the drill cuttings screening mechanism 100. The drill cuttings screening mechanism 100 screens out the drill cuttings with large particle size, so that this part of the drill cuttings enters the drill cuttings discharge component 300 through the first solid material discharge port, and then the drill cuttings are collected in the stirring kettle; and because the adjustable material diverting mechanism 200 directly acts on the screening interface, the drill cuttings are quickly screened out. After screening, the drilling fluid waste undergoes secondary screening at the lower end of the cuttings screening mechanism 100. The separated sludge-like impurities enter the extrusion dewatering mechanism 600 for dehydration. The resulting solid waste is also collected in the mixing tank. Cement or lime is then added to the mixing tank, and an appropriate amount of water is injected for mixing. This solidifies the heavy metals in the cuttings and other solid impurities, thereby meeting the landfill requirements of GB 18598-2019. The liquid exiting the cuttings screening mechanism 100 and the extrusion dewatering mechanism 600 enters the multi-stage drawer-type purification mechanism 500. Through filtration, activated carbon adsorption, and membrane adsorption, the multi-stage drawer-type purification mechanism 500 fully purifies the liquid, ultimately meeting discharge standards or recycling standards. In summary, the present invention can effectively reduce the investment cost of equipment, improve the convenience of transportation, transfer, installation, maintenance, etc., and can remove solids and harmful substances in waste liquid step by step, so that the entire purification process is in a continuous state, thereby improving the efficiency of purification treatment, and harmlessly treating solids and harmful substances according to needs, avoiding environmental pollution.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2-6As shown, the cuttings screening mechanism 100 includes a vertical conveying cylinder 101, a vertical liquid guide pipe 114, and a mesh screening plate 108. The axes of the three coincide, and the aforementioned liquid discharge port is formed at the lower end of the vertical liquid guide pipe 114. The vertical liquid guide pipe 114 is disposed within the vertical conveying cylinder 101. A transition cylinder 102 is constructed at the upper end of the vertical conveying cylinder 101. The radial length of the transition cylinder 102 gradually expands vertically upward, and a splash guard 103 is constructed at the upper end (larger diameter end) of the transition cylinder 102. The cuttings discharge member 300 of this embodiment is mounted on the splash guard 103. A cuttings discharge port 105 is formed on the splash guard 103. The cuttings discharge port 105 is connected to the feed port of the cuttings discharge member 300 and serves as the aforementioned first solids discharge port. A blocking edge 104 is constructed at the connection between the splash guard 103 and the transition barrel 102 and on the inner wall of the transition barrel 102. An annular groove is formed between the blocking edge 104 and the upper end of the transition barrel 102. A transition edge 110 is constructed at the outer edge of the mesh screening disc 108. The transition edge 110 is coaxially assembled in the annular groove and is rotatably connected to the transition barrel 102 and the blocking edge 104, respectively. The lower end of the mesh screening disc 108 is connected to the upper end of a vertical liquid guide tube 114. The lower end of the adjustable material feeding mechanism 200 is close to or in contact with the upper end surface of the mesh screening disc 108. The vertical liquid guide tube 114 is provided with multiple liquid guide holes. The mesh screening disc 108 gradually bulges upward from its outer edge to its center. Drill cuttings, along with the waste drilling fluid, pass through the mesh screening disc 108, which screens out larger-sized drill cuttings. Due to the design of the mesh screening disc 108, which is higher in the middle and lower at the outer edge, the drill cuttings gradually move to the splash guard 103 and, under the action of the adjustable material feeding mechanism 200, gradually pass through the drill cutting discharge port 105 and enter the drill cutting discharge member 300. In this embodiment, by suctioning the lower end of the vertical liquid guide tube 114, the liquid entering the vertical conveying cylinder 101 enters the vertical liquid guide tube 114 through the liquid guide hole, and the small-sized drill cuttings are retained in the vertical conveying cylinder 101. In order to improve the smooth downward conveyance of drill cuttings trapped in the vertical conveying cylinder 101 to the second solid material discharge outlet, and to squeeze these drill cuttings for primary dehydration, this embodiment adopts the following measures: a first squeezing blade 115 is constructed on the outside of the vertical liquid guide tube 114. The first squeezing blade 115 extends spirally along the axis of the vertical liquid guide tube 114. The lower end of the vertical liquid guide tube 114 extends from the lower end of the vertical conveying cylinder 101, and the vertical liquid guide tube 114 is rotatably connected to the vertical conveying cylinder 101. A first transmission wheel 117 is coaxially mounted on the lower end of the vertical liquid guide tube 114. In this embodiment, an extrusion tube 106 is constructed at the lower end of the vertical conveying cylinder 101. The second solid material discharge outlet is formed at the inlet end of the extrusion tube 106. A first control valve 107 is mounted on the extrusion tube 106.The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: this embodiment drives the first transmission wheel 117 to rotate, thereby driving the vertical liquid guide pipe 114 to rotate; the vertical liquid guide pipe 114 drives the mesh screening disc 108 and the first squeezing blade 115 to rotate during the rotation process. In this way, the mesh screening disc 108 rotates, causing the drill cuttings screened thereon to gradually move toward the outer edge of the mesh screening disc 108, and then, with the cooperation of the adjustable material feeding mechanism 200, the drill cuttings are quickly entered into the drill cutting discharge member 300. At the same time, after the liquid entering the vertical conveying cylinder 101 is extracted by the vertical liquid guide pipe 114, the remaining drill cuttings and other impurities are continuously conveyed downward by the first squeezing blade 115. During this process, the first control valve 107 is in a closed state. In this way, the drill cuttings and other impurities are gradually conveyed downward and continuously squeezed, achieving the purpose of primary dehydration. The squeezed water is extracted through the vertical liquid guide pipe 114. When the vertical liquid guide tube 114's ability to extract liquid deteriorates, indicating an excess of solid impurities within the vertical conveying cylinder 101, the first control valve 107 is opened, and the first transmission wheel 117 is driven to rotate, causing the first extrusion blades 115 to squeeze the solid impurities out of the vertical conveying cylinder 101 through the extrusion tube 106. Once a certain degree of extrusion has been achieved (the vertical liquid guide tube 114 can successfully pump liquid), and the water content of the solid impurities squeezed out of the extrusion tube 106 increases, the first control valve 107 is closed. In this embodiment, the first control valve 107 is a solenoid valve. In order to facilitate the smooth screening of the drill cuttings by the mesh sub-screening plate 108, the present embodiment adopts the following measures: the upper end of the vertical liquid guide tube 114 is plugged into the center of the mesh sub-screening plate 108. Specifically, a vertical sleeve 111 is constructed at the center of the lower end surface of the mesh sub-screening plate 108, and two guide bars 112 are symmetrically constructed on the inner peripheral wall of the vertical sleeve 111. Each guide bar 112 extends in the vertical direction; two guide grooves 116 are provided at the upper end of the vertical liquid guide tube 114. Each guide slot 116 extends vertically, the upper end of the vertical liquid guide tube 114 movably extends into the vertical sleeve 111, and the guide bar 112 movably inserts into the corresponding guide slot 116. An adjusting screw 113 is rotatably connected to the center of the mesh sub-screen disc 108. The adjusting screw 113 is arranged vertically and extends from the upper end of the vertical liquid guide tube 114 into the vertical liquid guide tube 114. The adjusting screw 113 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the vertical liquid guide tube 114. In this embodiment, by rotating the adjusting screw 113, the adjusting screw 113 drives the middle portion of the mesh sub-screen disc 108 to move vertically. The mesh sub-screen disc 108 of this embodiment is a metal mesh structure with a certain degree of elasticity. In this way, the taper of the mesh sub-screen disc 108 changes, thereby prompting drill cuttings to move rapidly toward the outer edge of the mesh sub-screen disc 108.Moreover, in this embodiment, a screening bar 109 extending along a spiral line is constructed on the upper end surface of the mesh screening disc 108. When the screening bar 109 rotates with the mesh screening disc 108, the drill cuttings move along the spiral line channel formed by the screening bar 109, thereby promoting the orderly movement of the drill cuttings and preventing the drill cuttings from bouncing and splashing at the anti-splash edge 103 due to excessive movement on the mesh screening disc 108.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 7 As shown, the adjustable material diverting mechanism 200 includes a mounting plate 201 and a plurality of vertical adjustment rods 204 . Among them, a fixing ear 202 is constructed at one end of the mounting plate 201, and the fixing ear 202 is detachably connected to the splash guard 103. The mounting plate 201 extends from the outside of the drill cuttings screening mechanism 100 to the center of the drill cuttings screening mechanism 100. A strip assembly hole 203 is opened on the mounting plate 201, and the strip assembly hole 203 extends along the length direction of the mounting plate 201. The above-mentioned multiple vertical adjustment rods 204 are installed at intervals on the mounting plate 201, and these vertical adjustment rods 204 are arranged at intervals at the strip assembly holes 203 along the length direction of the mounting plate 201. Each vertical adjustment rod 204 passes through the strip assembly hole 203 in the vertical direction, and two fastening nuts 206 are threadedly connected to the vertical adjustment rod 204. These two fastening nuts 206 are tightened on the upper and lower end surfaces of the mounting plate 201, thereby achieving the purpose of fixing the position of the vertical adjustment rod 204 and the mounting plate 201. In this embodiment, a dispensing head 205 is configured at the lower end of each vertical adjustment rod 204. The dispensing head 205 is in proximity to or in contact with the screening surface (the upper end surface of the mesh screening disc 108) of the drill cuttings screening mechanism 100. As the mesh screening disc 108 is driven and rotated, the dispensing head 205 scrapes away drill cuttings from the screening surface, preventing accumulation of drill cuttings and clogging the mesh screening disc 108. Furthermore, because the mesh screening disc 108 is provided with screening bars 109, as the mesh screening disc 108 drives the screening bars 109 to rotate, the spiral-shaped screening bars 109 cause the dispensing head 205 and the screening bars 109 to frequently collide, causing the mesh screening disc 108 to vibrate and improve the screening effect. Furthermore, during these collisions, the mesh screening disc 108 undergoes a certain degree of elastic deformation, which facilitates the dispensing head 205's separation from the screening bars 109, facilitating the next collision.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 8As shown, the drill cuttings removal assembly 300 includes a chip guide 301, within which is formed a chip discharge channel 302. The lower end of the chip discharge channel 302 is tilted outward and collected by a collection trough to provide raw materials for the subsequent mixing kettle. A chip inlet 303 is provided at the upper portion of the chip guide 301, facing the splash guard 103. This inlet 303 is connected to the drill cuttings discharge outlet 105. Drill cuttings screened by the mesh screening disc 108 enter the chip inlet 303 through the drill cuttings discharge outlet 105 and then enter the collection trough through the chip discharge channel 302.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 9 、 10 As shown, the multi-stage drawer-type purification mechanism 500 includes a vertical cabinet 501 and multiple drawer-type purification units 506. A liquid inlet connector 502 is constructed at the upper end of the vertical cabinet 501, and a liquid inlet control valve 503 is installed on the liquid inlet connector 502. A liquid outlet connector 504 is constructed at the lower end of the vertical cabinet 501, and a liquid outlet control valve 505 is installed on the liquid outlet connector 504. These multiple drawer-type purification units 506 are installed vertically in the vertical cabinet 501 at intervals. Impurities in the liquid are filtered by these drawer-type purification units 506 in descending order of particle size. The liquid inlet connector 502 is connected to the liquid discharge port, and the liquid outlet connector 504 is connected to the inlet of the pressure water pump. The liquid exiting the cuttings screening mechanism 100 and the squeeze-type dewatering mechanism 600 enters the vertical cabinet 501 through the liquid inlet connector 502. It then passes through the drawer-type purification units 506 from top to bottom, where impurities in the liquid are progressively filtered and purified. The resulting purified liquid is then discharged through the liquid outlet connector 504. In this embodiment, the multi-stage drawer-type purification mechanism 500 utilizes multiple drawer-type purification units 506, facilitating subsequent disassembly, cleaning, and maintenance.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 11-14As shown, the drawer-type purification unit 506 includes a drawer-type body 5061, an assembly base 5062, and a plurality of filter cartridges 5063. Mounting rails 5069 are provided on both sides of the drawer-type body 5061, and guide rails are installed at corresponding locations on the vertical cabinet 501. The guide rails are slidably connected to the mounting rails 5069, thereby enabling the drawer-type body 5061 to be pulled out of the vertical cabinet 501. A push-pull handle 5068 is constructed on the outer end surface of the drawer-type body 5061 to facilitate the operator to pull the drawer-type body 5061 out. Connecting ears 5067 are also constructed on both sides of the outer end surface of the drawer-type body 5061, and each connecting ear 5067 is fixed to the vertical cabinet 501 via a connecting bolt. Furthermore, the sliding connection between the drawer-type body 5061 and the vertical cabinet 501, as well as the contact between the outer end surface of the drawer-type body 5061 and the vertical cabinet 501, are all sealed with rubber pads or rubber strips, so that when the drawer-type body 5061 is pushed into the vertical cabinet 501 and fixed to the vertical cabinet 501, liquid will not directly overflow from the vertical cabinet 501 or overflow into the next drawer-type purification unit 506. The assembly seat 5062 of this embodiment is assembled in the drawer-type body 5061, and the multiple filter cartridges 5063 are installed on the assembly seat 5062 at intervals, with the upper end of each filter cartridge 5063 in an open state and the lower end of the filter cartridge 5063 in a closed state. A filter screen 5065 is installed at the lower end of the drawer-type body 5061. The mesh size of these filter cartridges 5063 increases vertically downward, and the inner wall of the lowest filter cartridge 5063 is covered with a layer of activated carbon, or the lowest filter cartridge 5063 is filled with activated carbon. The activated carbon adsorbs color, inorganic (heavy metal) impurities, and some organic matter. The inner wall of the next lowest filter cartridge 5063 is covered with an ultrafiltration membrane. The ultrafiltration membrane intercepts large molecular organic matter and colloids, and the produced water can be reused. This embodiment can achieve backwashing of the drawer-type purification unit 506. Specifically, the radial length of the filter cartridge 5063 decreases vertically downward, forming a conductive liquid chamber 5064 between the filter cartridge 5063 and the inner cavity of the drawer-type body 5061. A conductive connector 5066 is constructed at the lower portion of the end of the drawer-type body 5061 away from the push-pull handle 5068. The conductive connector 5066 is connected to the conductive liquid chamber 5064. A backwash branch pipe 507 is provided on the vertical cabinet 501 and located at each drawer-type purification unit 506. The backwash branch pipe 507 is connected to a corresponding conductive joint 5066. A backwash control valve 508 is installed on each backwash branch pipe 507. The backwash branch pipe 507 is connected to the backwash main pipe 509. During the backwash process, the liquid inlet joint 502 needs to be connected to the collection tank. Pressurized water enters each backwash branch pipe 507 through the backwash main pipe 509 and then enters each drawer-type purification unit 506. The pressurized water flows in reverse through the filter cartridge 5063, allowing impurities attached to the filter cartridge 5063 to enter the collection tank.The sewage in the collection tank can be transported back to the drill cuttings screening mechanism 100 to be purified again.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 15 、 16 As shown, the extrusion dehydration mechanism 600 includes a feed cylinder 601, an extrusion cylinder 602, a discharge cylinder 603, a liquid collection cylinder 604, and a drive rod 605, the axes of which coincide. The feed cylinder 601, the extrusion cylinder 602, and the discharge cylinder 603 are sequentially connected together, and the liquid collection cylinder 604 is mounted outside the extrusion cylinder 602 and is covered with extrusion holes. In this embodiment, the drive rod 605 extends from the feed cylinder 601 and the discharge cylinder 603 at both ends, and a second transmission wheel 607 is coaxially mounted on the drive rod 605. A second extrusion blade 606 spirally extends along the drive rod 605's axis. A feed pipe 608 is connected to the upper portion of the feed cylinder 601, which is connected to the extrusion pipe 106 on the vertical conveying cylinder 101. In this embodiment, the second transmission wheel 607 is driven to rotate, which drives the drive rod 605 to rotate, thereby realizing the second squeezing blade 606 to spirally convey the solid drill cuttings and other pollutants entering the squeezing dehydration mechanism 600. During the conveying process, these pollutants cannot be discharged because the discharge pressure is not reached, and are gradually squeezed, so that the pollutants are gradually dehydrated, achieving the purpose of liquid-solid phase separation. The liquid phase enters the liquid collection cylinder 604 through the squeezing cylinder 602, and then enters the multi-stage drawer-type purification mechanism 500. The pitch of the second squeezing blade 606 of this embodiment decreases from the feed cylinder 601 toward the discharge cylinder 603, thereby decreasing the speed at which the pollutants are squeezed by the second squeezing blade 606, ensuring that the pollutants are dehydrated more fully.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 17-19As shown, a plurality of extrusion ports 609 are provided at one end of the discharge cylinder 603 away from the feed cylinder 601, and an elastic opening and closing component is constructed between the discharge cylinder 603 and the liquid collecting cylinder 604, and the elastic opening and closing component elastically closes each extrusion port 609. When the dehydrated pollutants at the discharge cylinder 603 reach a certain pressure, the pollutants push away the elastic opening and closing component, and then are discharged from the discharge cylinder 603 through the extrusion port 609. The elastic opening and closing assembly of this embodiment includes a mounting seat 611, on which a plurality of opening and closing sleeves 612 are fixed at one end near the discharge cylinder 603. These opening and closing sleeves 612 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of extrusion ports 609 mentioned above, and a discharge notch 613 is provided on the opening and closing sleeve 612. When the opening and closing sleeve 612 is fully inserted into the corresponding extrusion port 609, the extrusion port 609 is in a closed state. When the opening and closing sleeve 612 extends a certain distance from the extrusion port 609 and a portion of the discharge notch 613 is exposed, the discharge cylinder 603 is connected to the outside world. Two symmetrical assembly ears 610 are constructed at one end of the extrusion cylinder 602 near the mounting seat 611, each assembly ear 610 is mounted with a hard spring 614, and a spring seat 615 is constructed at the end of the hard spring 614 away from the assembly ear 610. An adjustment bolt 616 is threadedly connected to the mounting seat 611 at a position corresponding to the hard spring 614. The adjustment bolt 616 is rotatably connected to the corresponding spring seat 615, and a lock nut 617 is threadedly connected to the adjustment bolt 616. When the pressure of the solid contaminants within the discharge cylinder 603 is sufficient to push against the opening and closing sleeve 612, the hard spring 614 is driven and gradually stretched, causing the mounting seat 611 to move away from the discharge cylinder 603, thereby connecting the discharge notch 613 to the outside world and discharging the solid contaminants through the discharge notch 613. In this embodiment, by rotating the adjustment bolt 616, the preload force of the hard spring 614 (the degree of stretching of the hard spring 614) is adjusted, thereby changing the opening pressure of the elastic opening and closing assembly.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 、 9 As shown in Figures 1 and 15 , the cuttings screening mechanism 100, the squeeze-type dehydration mechanism 600, and the multi-stage drawer-type purification mechanism 500 are interconnected via a connecting pipe system 400. The connecting pipe system 400 includes a first pipe body 401. The upper end of the first pipe body 401 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the vertical liquid guide pipe 114 via an adapter 402. The lower end of the first pipe body 401 is connected to a third pipe body 404 and two second pipe bodies 403. A second control valve 405 is mounted on the third pipe body 404. The two second pipe bodies 403 are connected one-to-one to the two liquid inlet connectors 502. The third pipe body 404 is connected to the lower portion of the liquid collecting cylinder 604.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or substitute equivalents for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A continuous purification and treatment device for drilling fluid waste, characterized in that: The invention comprises a drilling cuttings screening mechanism having a first solid material discharge port, a second solid material discharge port and a liquid discharge port, the inlet end of the drilling cuttings discharge member is connected to the first solid material discharge port, the inlet end of the extrusion type dehydration mechanism is connected to the second solid material discharge port, the inlet end of the multi-stage drawer type purification mechanism is connected to the liquid discharge port, and an adjustable material diverting mechanism is provided at the inlet end of the drilling cuttings screening mechanism; the drilling cuttings screening mechanism comprises a vertical liquid guide pipe coaxially arranged in the vertical conveying cylinder, and the vertical liquid guide pipe is provided with an adjustable material diverting mechanism. The upper end of the vertical liquid guide tube is connected with a mesh screen plate, the first solid material discharge port is formed at the upper end of the vertical conveying cylinder and is located at the edge of the mesh screen plate, the lower end of the adjustable material diverting mechanism is close to the upper end surface of the mesh screen plate, a plurality of liquid guide holes are opened on the vertical liquid guide tube, and the mesh screen plate gradually bulges upward from its outer edge to its center; a first extrusion blade spirally extending along its axis is constructed outside the vertical liquid guide tube, the lower end of the vertical liquid guide tube extends from the lower end of the vertical conveying cylinder, and the vertical liquid guide tube is provided with a plurality of liquid guide holes. The liquid guide tube is rotatably connected to the vertical conveying cylinder, and the first transmission wheel is coaxially equipped with a first transmission wheel at the lower end of the vertical liquid guide tube, and an extrusion tube is constructed for the lower end of the vertical conveying cylinder, and the second solid material discharge outlet is formed at the inlet end of the extrusion tube, and a first control valve is installed on the extrusion tube; the upper end of the vertical liquid guide tube is plugged into the center part of the mesh screening disc, and the vertical liquid guide tube is connected to the mesh screening disc through an adjusting screw, and a screening bar extending along a spiral line is constructed on the upper end surface of the mesh screening disc; the adjustable material diverter mechanism includes a mounting plate detachably connected to the upper end of the drill cuttings screening mechanism, the mounting plate extends from the outside of the drill cuttings screening mechanism to the center of the drill cuttings screening mechanism, and a strip assembly hole extending along its length direction is opened on the mounting plate, and a plurality of vertical adjusting rods are installed on the mounting plate at intervals along its length direction through the strip assembly holes, and a material diverter head is constructed at the lower end of each of the vertical adjusting rods, and the material diverter head is close to or in contact with the screening surface of the drill cuttings screening mechanism.

2. The continuous purification treatment device for drilling fluid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stage drawer-type purification mechanism includes a vertical cabinet with a liquid inlet joint and a liquid outlet joint respectively constructed at the upper and lower ends. A plurality of drawer-type purification units are installed in the vertical cabinet at vertical intervals. Impurities mixed in the liquid are filtered step by step by these drawer-type purification units according to the particle size from large to small. The liquid inlet joint is connected to the liquid discharge port, and the liquid outlet joint is connected to the inlet end of the pressure water pump.

3. The continuous purification treatment device for drilling fluid waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drawer-type purification unit includes a drawer-type body that can be detachably assembled in a vertical cabinet, an assembly seat is assembled in the drawer-type body, and multiple filter cartridges are installed on the assembly seat at intervals. The upper end of each filter cartridge is in an open state, and the lower end of the filter cartridge is closed. A filter screen is installed at the lower end of the drawer-type body.

4. The continuous purification treatment device for drilling fluid waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: The radial length of the filter cartridge decreases downward in the vertical direction, and a conducting liquid cavity is formed between the filter cartridge and the inner cavity of the drawer-type body. A backwash branch pipe is connected to the drawer-type body, and a backwash control valve is installed on each backwash branch pipe. The backwash branch pipe is connected to the backwash main pipe.

5. The continuous purification treatment device for drilling fluid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion dehydration mechanism includes a feed cylinder, an extrusion cylinder and a discharge cylinder which are coaxially arranged and connected in sequence. A liquid collecting cylinder is coaxially sleeved outside the extrusion cylinder. The extrusion cylinder is covered with extrusion holes. A drive rod is coaxially arranged in the extrusion cylinder, and both ends of the drive rod extend out of the feed cylinder and the discharge cylinder respectively. A second transmission wheel is coaxially mounted on the drive rod, and a second extrusion blade is spirally extended along the axis of the drive rod.

6. The continuous purification treatment device for drilling fluid waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pitch of the second extrusion blade decreases from the feed cylinder toward the discharge cylinder; a plurality of extrusion ports are opened at one end of the discharge cylinder away from the feed cylinder, and an elastic opening and closing component is constructed between the discharge cylinder and the liquid collecting cylinder, and the elastic opening and closing component elastically closes each extrusion port.

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