Plant fiber appliance recovery pretreatment process

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of resource recovery, and discloses a plant fiber appliance recovery pretreatment process which comprises the following steps: S1, collection and classification: preliminarily classifying and collecting used plant fiber appliances according to materials, shapes and pollution degrees; the classified plant fiber tools are put into an aqueous solution containing a biodegradable nonionic surfactant with the mass concentration being 0.5% to be soaked for 20 minutes, then washing is conducted through a high-pressure water gun with the pressure being 3 MPa, most stains and impurities on the surfaces are removed, and through systematic collection and classification, the follow-up treatment pertinence and efficiency are improved. Rough cleaning is combined with soaking and high-pressure water gun flushing, and surface impurities can be efficiently removed; the particle size is controlled through crushing treatment to facilitate subsequent separation; multiple screening and separating means are combined to improve the separation precision; in fine cleaning, ultrasonic waves and a specific cleaning agent are utilized to deeply remove residual impurities; dehydration drying ensures the dryness of the product, and is beneficial to storage and subsequent utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of resource recovery, and particularly to a recycling pretreatment process for plant fiber utensils. Background Art

[0002] With the enhancement of environmental awareness, the usage of plant fiber utensils is increasing day by day due to their degradable and environmentally friendly characteristics. However, if the used plant fiber utensils cannot be effectively recycled and treated, it will not only cause waste of resources, but also may accumulate in the natural environment, affecting the ecological environment.

[0003] The existing recycling pretreatment processes for plant fiber utensils have many deficiencies, such as low processing efficiency, low purity of the processed products, and inability to fully separate different components to achieve efficient resource utilization, etc., which urgently need to be improved.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a recycling pretreatment process for plant fiber utensils to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a recycling pretreatment process for plant fiber utensils to solve the existing problems in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A recycling pretreatment process for plant fiber utensils, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Collection and Classification: Preliminarily classify and collect the used plant fiber utensils according to the material, shape, and degree of pollution;

[0009] S2. Crushing Treatment: Feed the roughly cleaned plant fiber utensils into a crusher, control the rotation speed of the crusher at 1500 revolutions per minute, and crush them into fragments with a particle size of less than 5 millimeters;

[0010] S3. Rough Cleaning: Immerse the classified plant fiber utensils in an aqueous solution containing a biodegradable non-ionic surfactant with a mass concentration of 0.5% for 20 minutes, and then rinse them with a high-pressure water gun with a pressure of 3 MPa to remove most of the stains and impurities on the surface;

[0011] S4. Screening and Separation: Use a vibrating screen to screen the crushed fragments, the mesh number of the vibrating screen is 80 meshes, separate the large particle impurities with particle sizes not meeting the requirements, and then through a density separation device, according to the density differences of different components, adopt a combination of air flotation separation and gravity sedimentation to separate the impurities with larger densities;

[0012] S5. Fine cleaning: Put the screened fragments into an ultrasonic cleaning device, add a weak alkaline cleaning agent prepared from sodium carbonate, sodium citrate, and water in a mass ratio of 3:2:100, and clean for 15 minutes at a temperature of 40°C to further remove residual stains and small molecule impurities;

[0013] S6. Dehydration and drying: Dehydrate the fragments after fine cleaning through a centrifugal dehydrator. The rotation speed of the centrifugal dehydrator is 3000 revolutions per minute, and the dehydration time is 8 minutes. Then send them into a hot air drying device and dry at a temperature of 80°C until the moisture content is lower than 8%.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention, the surfactant is a biodegradable non-ionic surfactant, and its mass concentration in the aqueous solution is 0.5%.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention, the crusher adopts a double-shaft shearing crusher, and an intelligent monitoring system is arranged inside the crusher, which can automatically adjust the rotation speed according to the material crushing situation, and the adjustment range is ±300 revolutions per minute.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention, the mesh number of the vibrating screen is 80 meshes, and the density separation device adopts a combination of air flotation separation and gravity sedimentation. The air flotation time is 5 minutes, and the gravity sedimentation time is 10 minutes.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention, the weak alkaline cleaning agent is prepared from sodium carbonate, sodium citrate, and water in a mass ratio of 3:2:100.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention, the rotation speed of the centrifugal dehydrator is 3000 revolutions per minute, and the hot air drying device adopts a circulating air heating method, and the circulating air speed is 5m / s.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention, after the collection and classification step, a pre-sorting step is added. Use a near-infrared spectroscopy analyzer to accurately identify different material fibers in the plant fiber utensils, further subdivide the collection categories, and the identification accuracy rate can reach more than 95%.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention, in the rough cleaning step, the high-pressure water gun washing pressure is intelligently adjusted through a pressure adjustment system according to the utensil material and pollution degree. The pressure range is 2-4MPa, and the adjustment accuracy is ±0.2MPa.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention, after the crushing treatment step, a microwave treatment link is set. Place the crushed fragments in a microwave field. The microwave power is 600W, and the treatment time is 10 seconds to break some chemical bonds in the fiber structure, which is beneficial to subsequent component separation.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention, after the fine cleaning step, a membrane filtration technology is used to deeply purify the cleaned debris, removing fine particles and dissolved impurities. The pore size of the membrane is 50 nanometers.

[0023] Through systematic collection and classification, the present invention improves the pertinence and efficiency of subsequent processing. Coarse cleaning combines soaking and high-pressure water gun rinsing, which can efficiently remove surface impurities; crushing treatment controls the particle size to facilitate subsequent separation; screening and separation combine multiple means to improve the separation accuracy; fine cleaning uses ultrasonic waves and specific cleaning agents to deeply remove residual impurities; dehydration and drying ensure the dryness of the product, which is beneficial for storage and subsequent utilization.

[0024] The biodegradable non-ionic surfactant not only ensures the cleaning effect but also is environmentally friendly, reducing the impact on the subsequent processed products. The double-shaft shear crusher and intelligent monitoring system improve the crushing uniformity and efficiency. The specific mesh number of the sieve and the innovative density sorting method enhance the separation effect.

[0025] The weak alkaline cleaning agent enhances the cleaning power and is environmentally friendly. The optimized rotational speed of the centrifugal dehydrator and the hot air drying equipment method improve the quality and efficiency of dehydration and drying. By accurately identifying the material through a near-infrared spectroscopy analyzer, the classification accuracy is greatly improved, providing more accurate raw materials for subsequent processing. Description of the Drawings

[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a parameter table of each embodiment and comparative example of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Collection and classification: Collect used bamboo fiber and rice husk fiber utensils, classify them according to material, shape, and pollution degree, and further subdivide them using a near-infrared spectroscopy analyzer, with an identification accuracy rate of 96%.

[0030] Crushing treatment: Use a double-shaft shear crusher with an initial rotational speed of 1500 revolutions per minute. After intelligent speed regulation, it is crushed to less than 5 millimeters, and then microwave treatment is carried out for 10 seconds.

[0031] Coarse cleaning: Prepare an aqueous solution of 0.5% biodegradable non-ionic surfactant, soak the utensils for 20 minutes, and use a high-pressure water gun to rinse with the pressure intelligently adjusted to 2 - 4 MPa.

[0032] Screening and separation: After screening with an 80-mesh vibrating screen, impurities are separated by air flotation for 5 minutes and gravity sedimentation for 10 minutes.

[0033] Fine cleaning: Ultrasonic cleaning, clean with a specific weak alkaline cleaning agent at 40°C for 15 minutes, and then perform membrane filtration.

[0034] Dehydration and drying: Centrifugal dehydration at 3000 revolutions per minute for 8 minutes, followed by circulating air drying at 80°C until the moisture content is lower than 8%, and finally surface modification.

[0035] The purity of the treated product reaches 95%, which can be efficiently used in the production of recycled products.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] Collection and classification: Collect a variety of plant fiber utensils, and the recognition accuracy of the near-infrared spectroscopy analyzer is 95%.

[0038] Crushing treatment: The rotation speed of the crusher and the microwave treatment parameters are the same.

[0039] Coarse cleaning: The same cleaning method as in Example 1.

[0040] Screening and separation: The screening and separation parameters are the same.

[0041] Fine cleaning: The cleaning and membrane filtration operations are the same.

[0042] Dehydration and drying: The dehydration and drying and surface modification parameters are the same.

[0043] The purity of the product reaches 94%, meeting the production requirements of most recycled products.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] Collection and classification: Focus on collecting plant fiber utensils with serious pollution, and the classification and pre-sorting are accurate.

[0046] Crushing treatment: The crushing and microwave treatment are the same as before.

[0047] Coarse cleaning: Appropriately extend the soaking time to 25 minutes, and the pressure of the high-pressure water gun focuses on the higher value.

[0048] Screening and separation: The screening and separation operations are the same.

[0049] Fine cleaning: Appropriately increase the concentration of the cleaning agent, the cleaning time is 18 minutes, and the membrane filtration is the same.

[0050] Dehydration and drying: The dehydration and drying and surface modification remain unchanged.

[0051] The purity of the product reaches 93%, and the treatment effect on special raw materials is good.

[0052] Control example

[0053] Adopt the traditional recycling pretreatment process, only simple soaking and cleaning, ordinary crusher crushing, and single screening method, without fine cleaning, membrane filtration, microwave treatment, and surface modification and other steps. The purity of the treated product is only 70%, with a lot of impurity residues, unable to meet the production requirements of high-end recycled products, highlighting the process advantages of the present invention by comparison.

[0054] Take 50 parts of the fibers prepared in Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 and Comparative Example 1, measure and statistically analyze their strength, impurity rate and recovery rate, and statistically analyze the measured data to obtain the attached Figure 1 .

[0055] As can be seen from the above examples and comparative examples, the plant fiber utensil recycling pretreatment process of the present invention has significant advantages in terms of treatment efficiency, product purity, component separation and resource utilization, and has good application prospects.

Claims

1. A recycling pretreatment process for plant fiber utensils, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Collection and classification: Initially classify and collect the used plant fiber utensils according to their materials, shapes, and degrees of contamination; S2. Crushing treatment: Feed the roughly cleaned plant fiber utensils into a crusher, control the crusher rotation speed at 1500 revolutions per minute, and crush them into fragments with a particle size of less than 5 millimeters; S3. Rough cleaning: Immerse the classified plant fiber utensils in an aqueous solution containing a biodegradable non-ionic surfactant with a mass concentration of 0.5% for 20 minutes, and then rinse them with a high-pressure water gun with a pressure of 3 MPa to remove most of the stains and impurities on the surface; S4. Screening and separation: Use a vibrating screen to screen the crushed fragments. The mesh number of the vibrating screen is 80 meshes. Separate the large particle impurities with unqualified particle sizes, and then use a density separation device. According to the density differences of different components, adopt a combination of air flotation separation and gravity sedimentation to separate the impurities with larger densities; S5. Fine cleaning: Put the screened fragments into an ultrasonic cleaning device, add a weak alkaline cleaning agent prepared from sodium carbonate, sodium citrate, and water according to a mass ratio of 3:2:100, and clean for 15 minutes at a temperature of 40 °C to further remove residual stains and small molecule impurities; S6. Dewatering and drying: Perform dewatering treatment on the finely cleaned fragments through a centrifugal dewatering machine. The rotation speed of the centrifugal dewatering machine is 3000 revolutions per minute, and the dewatering time is 8 minutes. Then send them into a hot air drying device and dry at a temperature of 80 °C until the moisture content is lower than 8%; 2. The recycling pretreatment process of a plant fiber utensil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfactant is a biodegradable non-ionic surfactant, and its mass concentration in the aqueous solution is 0.5%.

3. A pre-treatment process for recycling plant fiber utensils according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crusher adopts a double-shaft shear crusher, and an intelligent monitoring system is arranged inside the crusher, which can automatically adjust the rotation speed according to the crushing situation of the material, and the adjustment range is ±300 revolutions per minute.

4. A recycling pretreatment process for plant fiber utensils according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mesh number of the vibrating screen is 80 meshes. The density separation device adopts a combination of air flotation separation and gravity sedimentation. The air flotation time is 5 minutes, and the gravity sedimentation time is 10 minutes.

5. A pre-treatment process for recycling plant fiber utensils according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weak alkaline cleaning agent is prepared from sodium carbonate, sodium citrate, and water according to a mass ratio of 3:2:

100.

6. The recycling pretreatment process of a plant fiber appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation speed of the centrifugal dewatering machine is 3000 revolutions per minute. The hot air drying device adopts a circulating air heating method, and the circulating air speed is 5 m / s.

7. A pre-treatment process for recycling plant fiber utensils according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the collection and classification step, add a pre-sorting step. Use a near-infrared spectroscopy analyzer to accurately identify different material fibers in the plant fiber utensils and further subdivide the collection categories.

8. A pre-treatment process for recycling plant fiber utensils according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the rough cleaning step, the high-pressure water gun rinsing pressure is intelligently adjusted through a pressure adjustment system according to the utensil material and degree of contamination. The pressure range is 2 - 4 MPa, and the adjustment accuracy is ±0.2 MPa.

9. A pre-treatment process for recycling plant fiber utensils according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the crushing treatment step, set a microwave treatment link. Place the crushed fragments in a microwave field. The microwave power is 600 W, and the treatment time is 10 seconds to break some chemical bonds in the fiber structure and facilitate subsequent component separation.

10. A pre-treatment process for recycling plant fiber utensils according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the fine cleaning step, use a membrane filtration technology to deeply purify the cleaned fragments to remove fine particles and dissolved impurities. The pore size of the membrane is 50 nanometers.

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