Carriage plate bending equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses carriage plate bending equipment which comprises a machining table, a lower mold, an upper mold, two distance adjusting assemblies, two adjusting assemblies, two first lifting assemblies, two second lifting assemblies and two feeding mechanisms, first grooves are formed in the two side walls of the lower mold correspondingly, and the two distance adjusting assemblies are arranged in the corresponding first grooves correspondingly; the two adjusting assemblies are respectively connected with the corresponding distance adjusting assemblies; the two first lifting assemblies are connected with the corresponding adjusting assemblies correspondingly, and the two second lifting assemblies are connected with the corresponding distance adjusting assemblies correspondingly. The feeding mechanism is connected with the vertical plate and the first lifting assembly. Therefore, in the reciprocating motion process of the upper die, the carriage plate can be driven to be separated from the lower die, the feeding action of the carriage plate is automatically completed, and therefore continuous bending operation is achieved, and the bending machining efficiency is improved. In addition, it can be guaranteed that the feeding length is constant each time, and the accuracy of the bending position is effectively guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of carriage plate bending, and particularly relates to a carriage plate bending device. Background Art

[0002] During the transportation of a van, the carriage plate needs to withstand the complex mechanical actions of the static load of the goods and the dynamic load during driving. By bending the carriage plate, structural stiffeners can be constructed, effectively improving the stress distribution characteristics of the plate, enhancing its bending stiffness and torsional resistance. This mechanical strengthening mechanism can ensure the integrity of the carriage structure under heavy load conditions, significantly reducing the risk index of plastic deformation and ensuring the safety of transportation.

[0003] Currently, the bending process of the carriage plate is a common forming process. Usually, the metal plate is placed on the workbench of the bending machine, and pressure is applied to the metal plate through the mold to achieve bending. After each bending process is completed, the plate is easily stuck in the groove of the lower mold, and manual lifting and pushing of the plate are required to perform the next bending. Therefore, manual lifting and pushing of the plate are required to perform the next bending.

[0004] However, for metal plates that need to be bent multiple times, the efficiency of this operation method is low, and it is difficult to ensure the positioning accuracy of the plate movement each time by manually pushing and pulling the metal plate, which easily causes deviation in the bending position, thereby affecting the quality stability of the product. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.

[0006] To this end, an object of this application is to provide a carriage plate bending device. During the reciprocating movement of the upper mold, it can drive the carriage plate to separate from the lower mold and automatically complete the feeding action of the carriage plate, thereby realizing continuous bending operation and improving the efficiency of bending processing. In addition, it can ensure that the feeding length is constant each time, effectively guaranteeing the accuracy of the bending position.

[0007] To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a carriage plate bending device, which includes a processing table, a lower mold, an upper mold, two distance adjustment components, two adjustment components, two first lifting components, two second lifting components, and two feeding mechanisms. Among them, the lower mold is arranged on the upper surface of the processing table; a support plate is provided on the processing table, and a driving member is provided on the support plate; the upper mold is connected to the output end of the driving member; first grooves are respectively provided on two side walls of the lower mold, and the two distance adjustment components are respectively arranged in the corresponding first grooves; the two adjustment components are both arranged at the input end of the carriage plate, and the two adjustment components are respectively connected to the corresponding distance adjustment components; the first lifting components and the second lifting components are respectively arranged on two sides of the upper mold, the two first lifting components are respectively connected to the corresponding adjustment components, and the two second lifting components are respectively connected to the corresponding distance adjustment components; vertical plates are respectively provided on two opposite inner walls of the support plate; the two feeding mechanisms are respectively arranged on two sides of the two first lifting components, and the feeding mechanisms are respectively connected to the vertical plates and the first lifting components.

[0008] In addition, the carriage plate bending device proposed above according to the present application may further have the following additional technical features: In an embodiment of the present application, the distance adjustment component includes a ball screw and two nut sliders. Among them, the ball screw is rotatably arranged in the first groove; the two nut sliders are respectively threadedly connected to the ball screw and slidably connected to the first groove.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present application, the adjustment component includes a first connecting plate, a support frame body, and a telescopic member. The support frame body is connected to the nut slider through the first connecting plate; the telescopic member is arranged inside the support frame body.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present application, the first lifting component includes a first lifting plate and a plurality of conveying rollers. Among them, the first lifting plate is connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic member; a second groove is provided on the upper surface of the first lifting plate, and the plurality of conveying rollers are respectively rotatably arranged in the second groove, and a roller shaft is provided on the conveying roller.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present application, the feeding mechanism includes a toothed plate, a gear, and a one-way rotation connection component. Among them, the one-way rotation connection component is arranged on the roller shaft; the gear is rotatably connected to the roller shaft, and the gear is sleeved outside the one-way rotation connection component; the toothed plate is installed on the vertical plate, and the toothed plate has a meshing relationship with the gear.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present application, the one-way rotation connection assembly includes a connecting sleeve, a ratchet, two stopping teeth and two springs, wherein the connecting sleeve is fixedly arranged on the roller shaft, and two third grooves are provided on the connecting sleeve, and a positioning shaft is provided in each of the third grooves; the ratchet is arranged on the inner wall of the gear; the two stopping teeth are respectively rotatably connected to the corresponding positioning shafts; the two springs are respectively arranged in the corresponding third grooves, and the two ends of the springs are respectively connected to the groove wall of the third groove and the stopping teeth.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present application, the second lifting assembly includes a second lifting plate, a plurality of support rollers and a second connecting plate, wherein the second connecting plate is arranged on the nut slider; the second lifting plate is connected to the second connecting plate; and the plurality of support rollers are respectively rotatably arranged in the fourth groove.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present application, two sprockets and a toothed chain are further included, wherein the two sprockets are respectively arranged on the corresponding ball screws, and the two sprockets are connected through the toothed chain transmission.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: (1) The first lifting assembly and the second lifting assembly work together to lift and stably support the carriage plate. When the upper mold moves upward, the first lifting assembly and the second lifting assembly cooperate to separate the carriage plate from the lower mold. Subsequently, the carriage plate is automatically fed with the help of the linkage of the feeding mechanism, thereby realizing continuous bending operation and improving the efficiency of the bending process. (2) The feeding mechanism can ensure that the length of each feeding is constant, effectively ensuring the accuracy of the bending position; (3) The distance adjustment component can adjust the distance between the two sets of first lifting components or the second lifting components, achieve precise positioning while supporting the carriage plate, and effectively prevent the carriage plate from shifting during the lifting process.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a car body panel bending device according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 ; Figure 2Structural schematic of the carriage plate bending device according to an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ; Figure 3 For the present application Figure 2 Enlarged structural schematic of area A in; Figure 4 Structural schematic of the feeding mechanism in the carriage plate bending device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 Structural schematic of the one-way rotation connection component in the carriage plate bending device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 Cross-section of the carriage plate bending device according to an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ; Figure 7 Cross-section of the carriage plate bending device according to an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 .

[0018] As shown in the figure: 1. Processing table; 2. Lower mold; 3. Upper mold; 4. Spacing adjustment component; 5. First lifting component; 6. Second lifting component; 7. Feeding mechanism; 10. Support plate; 11. Driving part; 12. Vertical plate; 13. Sprocket; 14. Tooth chain; 41. Ball screw; 42. Nut slider; 51. Roller shaft; 52. First lifting plate; 53. Conveyor roller; 61. Second lifting plate; 62. Support roller; 63. Second connecting plate; 71. Tooth plate; 72. Gear; 73. One-way rotation connection component; 731. Connection shaft sleeve; 732. Ratchet; 733. Stopping tooth; 734. Spring; 735. Positioning shaft; 81. First connecting plate; 82. Support frame; 83. Telescopic part. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions from beginning to end. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0020] The carriage plate bending device of the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the carriage plate bending device of the embodiments of the present application may include a processing table 1, a lower mold 2, an upper mold 3, two spacing adjustment components 4, two adjustment components 8, two first lifting components 5, two second lifting components 6, and two feeding mechanisms 7.

[0022] Among them, the lower die 2 is arranged on the upper surface of the processing table 1. A support plate 10 is provided on the processing table 1, and a driving member 11 is provided on the support plate 10; the upper die 3 is connected to the output end of the driving member 11.

[0023] It should be noted that the lower die 2 is fixed on the processing table 1 by bolts. The support plate 10 is a U-shaped plate to support the driving member 11. The driving member 11 can be a hydraulic cylinder, and the driving member 11 can be controlled by a controller. The driving member 11 can drive the upper die 3 to move up and down reciprocally.

[0024] Furthermore, the upper die 3 and the lower die 2 cooperate with each other, and the carriage plate is arranged between the upper die 3 and the lower die 2. The driving member 11 can drive the upper die 3 to move up and down reciprocally to extrude and bend the carriage plate.

[0025] First grooves 20 are respectively arranged on two side walls of the lower die 2. Two distance adjusting components 4 are respectively arranged in the corresponding first grooves 20. Two adjusting components 8 are both arranged at the input end of the carriage plate, and the two adjusting components 8 are respectively connected to the corresponding distance adjusting components 4; a first lifting component 5 and a second lifting component 6 are respectively arranged on both sides of the upper die 3, and the two first lifting components 5 are respectively connected to the corresponding adjusting components 8, and the two second lifting components 6 are respectively connected to the corresponding distance adjusting components 4.

[0026] It should be noted that the first lifting component 5 of this embodiment is arranged adjacent to the input end of the carriage plate, and the second lifting component 6 is arranged adjacent to the output end of the carriage plate. The first lifting component 5 can lift the unbent carriage plate, and the second lifting component 6 can lift the bent carriage plate, and the lifting heights of the first lifting component 5 and the second lifting component 6 are the same.

[0027] Furthermore, the distance adjusting component 4 can adjust the distance between the two first lifting components 5 and simultaneously adjust the distance between the two second lifting components 6 to be applicable to carriage plates of various lengths, with a wider application range. The adjusting component 8 can adjust the height of the first lifting component 5 to facilitate loading of the carriage plate.

[0028] Vertical plates 12 are respectively arranged on two opposite inner walls of the support plate 10; two feeding mechanisms 7 are respectively arranged on both sides of the two first lifting components 5, and the feeding mechanisms 7 are respectively connected to the vertical plates 12 and the first lifting components 5.

[0029] In the embodiment of the present application, through the cooperation of the feeding mechanism 7 and the first lifting component 5, the carriage plate can be lifted and fed between the lower die 2 and the upper die 3, so that continuous bending operation can be performed on the carriage plate.

[0030] In an embodiment of the present application, as Figure 6As shown, the distance adjustment component 4 includes a ball screw 41 and two nut sliders 42. Among them, the ball screw 41 is rotatably arranged in the first groove 20; the two nut sliders 42 are respectively threadedly connected to the ball screw 41 and slidably connected to the first groove 20.

[0031] It should be noted that two sections of threads with opposite directions are provided on the ball screw 41, and the two nut sliders 42 are respectively arranged on different threads. Moreover, one of the ball screws 41 is connected to an external driving mechanism, such as a motor. The external driving mechanism can drive the ball screw 41 to rotate, thereby driving the two nut sliders 42 to move in opposite directions.

[0032] Furthermore, as Figure 4 shown, the carriage plate bending device of the present application further includes two sprockets 13 and a toothed chain 14. Among them, the two sprockets 13 are respectively arranged on the corresponding ball screws 41, and the two sprockets 13 are drivingly connected through the toothed chain 14.

[0033] In the embodiment of the present application, through the mutual cooperation between the two sprockets 13 and a toothed chain 14, the two ball screws 41 can be driven to rotate synchronously, so that the two first lifting components 5 and the two second lifting components 6 can be adjusted synchronously, and the operation is more convenient.

[0034] In an embodiment of the present application, as Figure 3 shown, the adjustment component 8 includes a first connecting plate 81, a support frame 82 and a telescopic member 83. The support frame 82 is connected to the nut slider 42 through the first connecting plate 81; the telescopic member 83 is arranged inside the support frame 82.

[0035] It should be noted that the telescopic member 83 can be an electric push rod. The telescopic member 83 is convenient for adjusting the height of the first lifting plate 52 to facilitate placing the carriage plate on the first lifting plate 52.

[0036] In an embodiment of the present application, as Figure 3 shown, the first lifting component 5 includes a first lifting plate 52 and a plurality of conveying rollers 53. Among them, the first lifting plate 52 is connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic member 83; a second groove is provided on the upper surface of the first lifting plate 52, and the plurality of conveying rollers 53 are respectively rotatably arranged in the second groove, and a roller shaft 51 is provided on the conveying roller 53.

[0037] It should be noted that the first lifting plate 52 is an L-shaped plate. The horizontal plate of the first lifting plate 52 is located below the carriage plate. The L-shaped first lifting plate 52 can limit the two ends of the carriage plate to prevent the carriage plate from moving during the up and down movement.

[0038] Further, two adjacent rollers 51 can be connected by a transmission assembly, and the transmission assembly can drive multiple rollers 51 to rotate in the same direction synchronously to realize the feeding of the carriage plate.

[0039] Further, as Figure 4 shown, the feeding mechanism 7 includes a toothed plate 71, a gear 72 and a one-way rotation connection assembly 73. Among them, the one-way rotation connection assembly 73 is arranged on the roller 51; the gear 72 is rotatably connected to the roller 51, and the gear 72 is sleeved outside the one-way rotation connection assembly 73; the toothed plate 71 is installed on the vertical plate 12, and the toothed plate 71 and the gear 72 are in a meshing relationship.

[0040] It should be noted that the toothed plate 71 and the gear 72 have a certain width to ensure that when the gear 72 moves along the length direction of the carriage plate, the gear 72 and the toothed plate 71 have an overlapping area, and when the upper die 3 is combined with the lower die 2, the toothed plate 71 and the gear 72 do not contact each other, and at this time, the distance between the toothed plate 71 and the gear 72 is greater than the depth of the trapezoidal groove of the lower die 2, and at the initial stage when the first lifting plate 52 moves upward, the gear 72 and the toothed plate 71 do not contact each other, so as to drive the carriage plate to move upward.

[0041] Further, the one-way rotation connection assembly 73 can control the one-way rotation of the roller 51. For example, when the upper die 3 drives the first lifting plate 52 to move upward, refer to Figure 5 , with the cooperation of the one-way rotation connection assembly 73, the conveying roller 53 on the first lifting plate 52 rotates counterclockwise to convey the carriage plate.

[0042] In an embodiment of the present application, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the one-way rotation connection assembly 73 includes a connecting shaft sleeve 731, a ratchet 732, two stop teeth 733 and two springs 734. Among them, the connecting shaft sleeve 731 is fixedly arranged on the roller 51, and two third grooves are provided on the connecting shaft sleeve 731, and a positioning shaft 735 is arranged in each third groove; the ratchet 732 is arranged on the inner wall of the gear 72; the two stop teeth 733 are respectively rotatably connected to the corresponding positioning shafts 735; the two springs 734 are respectively arranged in the corresponding third grooves, and the two ends of the spring 734 are respectively connected to the groove wall of the third groove and the stop tooth 733.

[0043] It should be noted that a plurality of teeth are provided inside the ratchet 732, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5, when the gear 72 drives the ratchet 732 to rotate clockwise, the locking tooth 733 slides over the teeth, so the connecting shaft sleeve 731 and the roller shaft 51 will not rotate following the ratchet 732. On the contrary, when the gear 72 drives the ratchet 732 to rotate counterclockwise, one end of the locking tooth 733 gets stuck between two adjacent teeth, thereby driving the connecting shaft sleeve 731 and the roller shaft 51 to rotate counterclockwise, realizing the one-way rotation of the roller shaft 51.

[0044] In an embodiment of the present application, as Figure 6 shown, the second lifting assembly 6 includes a second lifting plate 61, a plurality of support rollers 62 and a second connecting plate 63. Among them, the second connecting plate 63 is arranged on the nut slider 42; the second lifting plate 61 is connected to the second connecting plate 63, and the plurality of support rollers 62 are respectively rotatably arranged in the fourth groove.

[0045] It should be noted that the second lifting plate 61 is an L-shaped plate, and the height of the second lifting plate 61 is adjustable. The support roller 62 is in contact with the lower surface of the bent carriage plate, so as to be able to support the carriage plate and prevent the carriage plate from sagging due to gravity and causing the carriage plate to bend.

[0046] Furthermore, the rotatable support roller 62 also facilitates moving the entire carriage plate, which is beneficial for feeding the carriage plate.

[0047] Specifically, before the bending operation, the height of the first lifting assembly 5 is adjusted through the adjusting assembly 8 to ensure that when the upper die 3 is separated from the lower die 2, the upper surface of the second lifting plate 61 is lower than the upper surface of the lower die 2, facilitating the feeding of the carriage plate between the upper die 3 and the lower die 2.

[0048] Then, the operator feeds one end of the carriage plate between the lower die 2 and the upper die 3, and adjusts the distance between the two first lifting assemblies 5 and the distance between the two second lifting assemblies 6 according to the length of the carriage plate, so that the two first lifting plates 52 are respectively in contact with the two side walls of the carriage plate.

[0049] Bending stage: When the driving member 11 drives the upper die 3 to move downward, the upper die 3 exerts a downward force on the carriage plate to bend the carriage plate. At the same time, the controller controls the telescopic rod of the telescopic member 83 to retract to ensure that the first lifting assembly 5 can still support the carriage plate.

[0050] Lifting stage: When the driving member 11 drives the upper die 3 to move upward, the first lifting assembly 5 and the second lifting assembly 6 can lift the carriage plate and separate it from the trapezoidal groove on the lower die 2.

[0051] Feeding stage: When the carriage plate is completely separated from the trapezoidal groove, the gear 72 moves to engage with the toothed plate 71, and the first lifting assembly 5 continues to move upward. Under the restriction of the toothed plate 71, the gear 72 and the ratchet 732 are driven to rotate counterclockwise. The stop tooth 733 is stuck between two adjacent teeth, and the connecting bushing 731 and the roller 51 are driven to rotate counterclockwise, so as to move the carriage plate in the direction of the lower die 2, realizing the feeding process of the carriage plate.

[0052] Furthermore, when the driving member 11 drives the upper die 3 to move downward, under the restriction of the toothed plate 71, the gear 72 and the ratchet 732 are driven to rotate clockwise. At this time, the stop tooth 733 can slide on the teeth, so that the connecting bushing 731 and the roller 51 do not rotate with the ratchet 732. Under the cooperation of the first lifting assembly 5 and the second lifting assembly 6, the carriage plate is driven to move vertically downward until the upper die 3 bends the carriage plate again. Repeating this process, continuous bending operation of the carriage plate can be realized, thus improving the bending efficiency of the carriage plate.

[0053] In summary, for the carriage plate bending equipment of the embodiment of the present application, during the reciprocating movement of the upper die, it can drive the carriage plate to separate from the lower die and automatically complete the feeding action of the carriage plate, thus realizing continuous bending operation and improving the bending processing efficiency. In addition, it can ensure that the feeding length is constant each time, effectively guaranteeing the accuracy of the bending position.

[0054] In the description of this specification, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0055] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

Claims

1. A carriage plate bending device, characterized in that, It includes a processing table, a lower mold, an upper mold, two distance adjusting components, two adjusting components, two first lifting components, two second lifting components and two feeding mechanisms. Among them, the lower mold is arranged on the upper surface of the processing table; a support plate is provided on the processing table, and a driving member is provided on the support plate; the upper mold is connected to the output end of the driving member; two first grooves are respectively provided on two side walls of the lower mold, and the two distance adjusting components are respectively arranged in the corresponding first grooves; the two adjusting components are both arranged at the input end of the carriage board, and the two adjusting components are respectively connected to the corresponding distance adjusting components; the first lifting component and the second lifting component are respectively arranged on two sides of the upper mold, and the two first lifting components are respectively connected to the corresponding adjusting components, and the two second lifting components are respectively connected to the corresponding distance adjusting components; vertical plates are respectively provided on two opposite inner walls of the support plate; the two feeding mechanisms are respectively arranged on two sides of the two first lifting components, and the feeding mechanisms are respectively connected to the vertical plates and the first lifting components.

2. The car body panel bending device according to claim 1, wherein The distance adjusting component includes a ball screw and two nut sliders. Among them, the ball screw is rotatably arranged in the first groove; the two nut sliders are respectively in threaded connection with the ball screw and are slidably connected to the first groove.

3. The car body panel bending device according to claim 2, wherein, The adjusting component includes a first connecting plate, a support frame body and a telescopic member, the support frame body is connected to the nut slider through the first connecting plate; the telescopic member is arranged inside the support frame body.

4. The car body panel bending device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first lifting component includes a first lifting plate and a plurality of conveying rollers. Among them, the first lifting plate is connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic member; a second groove is provided on the upper surface of the first lifting plate, and the plurality of conveying rollers are respectively rotatably arranged in the second groove, and a roller shaft is provided on the conveying roller.

5. The car body panel bending device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism includes a toothed plate, a gear and a one-way rotating connection component. Among them, the one-way rotating connection component is arranged on the roller shaft; the gear is rotatably connected to the roller shaft, and the gear is sleeved outside the one-way rotating connection component; the toothed plate is installed on the vertical plate, and the toothed plate and the gear have a meshing relationship.

6. The car body panel bending device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The one-way rotating connection component includes a connecting shaft sleeve, a ratchet wheel, two stop teeth and two springs. Among them, the connecting shaft sleeve is fixedly arranged on the roller shaft, and two third grooves are provided on the connecting shaft sleeve, and a positioning shaft is arranged in each third groove; the ratchet wheel is arranged on the inner wall of the gear; the two stop teeth are respectively rotatably connected to the corresponding positioning shafts; the two springs are respectively arranged in the corresponding third grooves, and the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the groove wall of the third groove and the stop tooth.

7. The car body panel bending device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second lifting component includes a second lifting plate, a plurality of support rollers and a second connecting plate. Among them, the second connecting plate is arranged on the nut slider; the second lifting plate is connected to the second connecting plate; a fourth groove is provided on the second lifting plate, and the plurality of support rollers are respectively rotatably arranged in the fourth groove.

8. The car body panel bending device according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes two sprockets and a toothed chain. Among them, The two sprockets are respectively arranged on the corresponding ball screws, and the two sprockets are drivingly connected through the toothed chain.

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