High-precision laser alignment measuring device based on track alignment detection

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-precision laser alignment measuring device based on track alignment detection, and belongs to the technical field of track traffic detection, the high-precision laser alignment measuring device comprises a driving block and a detection block, the driving block and the detection block are connected through a hinge, a driving mechanism is arranged in the driving block, and the driving mechanism comprises a limiting block movably connected with the driving block in a sleeving manner; a seventh spring is arranged between the limiting block and the driving block, and a motor is arranged at the bottom of the limiting block. According to the invention, the width of the track is detected through the detection head, the change of the width of the track is converted into the detection of the distance between the sliding blocks for detection, and the detection variation of the distance between the detection sliding blocks at the two sides is increased through the width change of the track at the staggered joint and the sectional area difference of the first sealing cavity, the second sealing cavity, the third sealing cavity and the fourth sealing cavity. And in addition, the track is subjected to linear contact detection through the multiple sets of detection heads arranged in the vertical direction, and the track detection device is suitable for linear and arc-shaped tracks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail transit detection. Specifically, it relates to a high-precision laser alignment measurement device based on rail alignment detection. Background Art

[0002] Flash welding is generally used for welding frog and turnout rails. However, currently, there is often a phenomenon of misalignment at the weld after flash welding. For the misaligned frog, not only does it increase the grinding amount, but also additional processes such as secondary machining of the working edge are added. In severe cases, the frog with misalignment needs to be sawed and welded again, seriously affecting the construction quality and progress. A large part of the reason for the welding misalignment is that the two rails are completely misaligned before welding.

[0003] In the prior art, laser rulers are mainly used for alignment detection of rails during welding. For the alignment detection of the top of the rail, since the top of the rail is on the same plane, the detection is relatively easy and accurate. However, for the side of the rail, especially for the curved arc rail with curvature, when using a laser straight ruler for detection, since the side wall of the welded rail is a curved surface and the laser ruler uses a straight-line detection method, the detection error rate is high when detecting curves.

[0004] How to invent a high-precision laser alignment measurement device based on rail alignment detection to improve these problems has become an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To make up for the above deficiencies, the present invention provides a high-precision laser alignment measurement device based on rail alignment detection, aiming to improve the problems proposed in the above background art.

[0006] The present invention is implemented as follows:

[0007] The present invention provides a high-precision laser alignment measurement device based on rail alignment detection, including a driving block and a detection block. The driving block and the detection block are connected by a hinge. A driving mechanism is arranged inside the driving block. The driving mechanism includes a limiting block movably sleeved with the driving block. A seventh spring is arranged between the limiting block and the driving block. A motor is arranged at the bottom of the limiting block. Limiting beads are arranged on the side wall of the limiting block. A driving roller is rotatably connected inside the limiting block. A cleaning component is also arranged inside the driving block. An offset detection mechanism and an amplifying mechanism are arranged inside the detection block. The offset detection mechanism includes a first sealing cavity and a fourth sealing cavity opened inside the detection block. A detection slider is sleeved inside the fourth sealing cavity. A laser transceiver is arranged inside the detection slider. A fourth spring is arranged between the detection slider and the fourth sealing cavity. A first slider is sleeved inside the first sealing cavity. A first spring is arranged between the first sealing cavity and the first slider. Multiple groups of detection heads are arranged on the side wall of the first slider. A display screen is arranged on the top of the detection block;

[0008] The magnification mechanism includes a second sealing cavity and a third sealing cavity opened inside the detection block. A slider three is arranged inside the detection block. Both ends of the slider three are located inside the second sealing cavity and the third sealing cavity respectively. Spring three and spring two are respectively connected between the slider three and the inner parts of the third sealing cavity and the second sealing cavity. A deformation detection mechanism is also arranged inside the slider one.

[0009] Preferably, the slider three is designed in an I - shape, and piston rods are designed on both sides of the slider three.

[0010] Preferably, the cross - sectional area of the first sealing cavity is larger than that of the second sealing cavity, the cross - sectional area of the third sealing cavity is larger than that of the second sealing cavity, and the cross - sectional area of the third sealing cavity is larger than that of the fourth sealing cavity.

[0011] Preferably, the deformation detection mechanism includes a slider four movably sleeved inside the slider one. A connecting shaft is connected to the side wall of the slider four. The connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the detection head. A ball is arranged at the end of the detection head. A spring six is connected between the slider four and the slider one. A marking component is also arranged inside the slider one.

[0012] Preferably, the marking component includes a liquid storage bin arranged on the top of the detection block. The detection block is provided with a communicating pipe communicating with the liquid storage bin. A liquid supply channel communicating with the communicating pipe is arranged inside the detection block. A hard pipe communicating with the liquid supply channel is arranged inside the slider one. A spray pipe is arranged on the side wall of the detection head. Upper and lower communicating blocks are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the slider four. On the top of the upper communicating block, annular grooves six, annular grooves seven, annular grooves two and annular grooves one are successively opened in the direction from the slider four towards the detection head. On the bottom of the lower communicating block, annular grooves five, annular grooves eight, annular grooves four and annular grooves two are successively opened in the direction from the slider four towards the detection head. A liquid supply pipe for supplying liquid to the spray pipe is opened inside the connecting shaft. A pipeline one for connecting the annular groove three and the liquid supply pipe is opened in the upper communicating block. A pipeline two for connecting the annular groove five and the liquid supply pipe is opened inside the lower communicating block. A communicating groove matching with the annular groove one and the annular groove two is opened on the side wall of the hard pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the upper and lower communicating blocks between adjacent sliders four up and down are slidably connected. The hard pipe is slidably connected with the upper and lower communicating blocks, and the connection parts are sealed. The positions of the annular groove one and the annular groove two correspond and are communicated. The positions of the annular groove four and the annular groove three correspond and are communicated. The positions of the annular groove eight and the annular groove seven correspond and are communicated. The positions of the annular groove five and the annular groove six correspond and are communicated. The annular groove eight and the annular groove two are communicated through a group of U - shaped grooves arranged inside the lower communicating block.

[0014] Preferably, multiple sets of detection blocks are provided. The adjacent detection blocks are connected by hinges. The detection heads are evenly distributed in the vertical direction, and the detection heads inside the detection blocks and the detection heads on the same side inside the adjacent detection blocks are staggeredly distributed in the vertical direction.

[0015] Preferably, the cleaning component includes a sandpaper belt disposed inside the driving block. Two sets of rollers are provided inside the limiting block. The sandpaper belt is sleeved outside the two sets of rollers. A bevel gear set is provided inside the limiting block. The bevel gear set consists of two meshing bevel gears. One of the bevel gears is connected to the rotating shaft of the driving roller, and the other bevel gear is connected to the central rotating shaft of one of the rollers.

[0016] In summary, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. The track width is detected by the detection heads. The change in the track width is converted into the detection of the distance between the detection sliders. Through the change in the width of the track at the staggered opening, the sectional area difference between the first sealing cavity, the second sealing cavity, the third sealing cavity, and the fourth sealing cavity is used to increase the change amount of the detection of the distance between the detection sliders on both sides, effectively improving the detection accuracy. Moreover, the track is linearly contacted and detected by multiple sets of detection heads arranged in the vertical direction, which is applicable to straight and arc tracks.

[0018] 2. The driving roller drives the sandpaper belt to rotate, polishing and pre-cleaning the area to be detected on the track, avoiding the influence of impurities on the detection of the track distance, thereby improving the detection accuracy. At the same time, the side wall of the track is detected in real time by the detection heads arranged in a linear distribution. For the deformed area, through the protrusion of the detection heads and the dislocation of the upper and lower connecting blocks, only when there is a surface height difference in the detection areas of adjacent detection heads, the corresponding detection heads will protrude to mark the deformed defect area, realizing the simultaneous marking of each deformed area, effectively marking the contour of the convex deformation or the center of the concave area at the deformation, facilitating the later observation and repair by the staff. Description of the Drawings

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, so they should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0020] Figure 1 It is the overall schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is the external schematic diagram of the detection block provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall magnification mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the inside of the first slider provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall fourth slider provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the inside of the fourth slider provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the inside of the upper connecting block and the lower connecting block provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the inside of the driving block provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission of the sandpaper belt and the driving roller provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Legend:

[0030] 100, driving block; 101, limiting block; 102, motor; 103, limiting bead; 104, driving roller; 105, sandpaper belt; 106, bevel gear set; 107, spring seven; 200, detection block; 201, display screen; 202, liquid storage chamber; 203, first slider; 204, detection slider; 205, first sealing cavity; 206, second sealing cavity; 207, third slider; 208, third sealing cavity; 209, fourth sealing cavity; 210, fourth slider; 211, connecting pipe; 213, spray pipe; 217, spring one; 218, spring two; 219, spring three; 220, spring four; 222, spring six; 223, detection head; 224, connecting shaft; 225, liquid supply channel; 226, upper connecting block; 227, lower connecting block; 228, rigid pipe; 229, connecting groove; 230, liquid supply pipe; 231, first annular groove; 232, second annular groove; 233, third annular groove; 234, fourth annular groove; 235, fifth annular groove; 236, sixth annular groove; 237, seventh annular groove; 238, eighth annular groove; 239, pipeline one; 240, pipeline two. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] Referring to Figures 1-9 , the present invention provides a high-precision laser alignment measurement device based on track alignment detection, including a driving block 100 and a detection block 200. The driving block 100 and the detection block 200 are connected by a hinge. A driving mechanism is arranged inside the driving block 100. The driving mechanism includes a limiting block 101 movably sleeved on the driving block 100. A seventh spring 107 is arranged between the limiting block 101 and the driving block 100. A motor 102 is arranged at the bottom of the limiting block 101. Limiting beads 103 are arranged on the side wall of the limiting block 101. A driving roller 104 is rotatably connected inside the limiting block 101. The rotating shaft of the driving roller 104 is in transmission connection with the motor 102. A cleaning component is also arranged inside the driving block 100. An offset detection mechanism and an amplification mechanism are arranged inside the detection block 200. The offset detection mechanism includes a first sealing cavity 205 and a fourth sealing cavity 209 opened inside the detection block 200. A detection slider 204 is sleeved inside the fourth sealing cavity 209. A laser transceiver is arranged inside the detection slider 204. A fourth spring 220 is arranged between the detection slider 204 and the fourth sealing cavity 209. A first slider 203 is sleeved inside the first sealing cavity 205. A first spring 217 is arranged between the first sealing cavity 205 and the first slider 203. Multiple detection heads 223 are arranged on the side wall of the first slider 203. A display screen 201 electrically connected to the detection slider 204 is arranged on the top of the detection block 200;

[0033] The amplification mechanism includes a second sealing cavity 206 and a third sealing cavity 208 opened inside the detection block 200. A third slider 207 is arranged inside the detection block 200. Two ends of the third slider 207 are respectively located inside the second sealing cavity 206 and the third sealing cavity 208. A third spring 219 and a second spring 218 are respectively connected between the third slider 207 and the inner parts of the third sealing cavity 208 and the second sealing cavity 206. The fourth sealing cavity 209 is communicated with the third sealing cavity 208. The second sealing cavity 206 is communicated with the first sealing cavity 205. The first sealing cavity 205, the third sealing cavity 208, and the fourth sealing cavity 209 are filled with hydraulic oil. A deformation detection mechanism is also arranged inside the first slider 203.

[0034] It should be noted that the driving mechanism, the cleaning component, the offset detection mechanism, the amplification mechanism, the deformation detection mechanism and their corresponding auxiliary structures are symmetrically distributed inside the driving block 100 or the detection block 200, so as to limit or detect both sides of the track simultaneously.

[0035] It should be noted that a laser emitter and a laser receiver of the prior art are respectively arranged inside the detection sliders 204 correspondingly distributed on both sides inside the detection block 200, and are used for monitoring the change in the distance between the detection sliders 204.

[0036] Refer to Figure 3 , the third slider 207 is designed in an I shape, and piston rods are designed on both sides of the third slider 207. A piston rod that is hermetically and movably sleeved with the second sealing cavity 206 is arranged on one side of the third slider 207 located inside the second sealing cavity 206, and a piston rod that is hermetically and movably sleeved with the third sealing cavity 208 is arranged on one side of the third slider 207 located inside the third sealing cavity 208.

[0037] Furthermore, the cross-sectional area of the first sealing cavity 205 is larger than that of the second sealing cavity 206, the cross-sectional area of the third sealing cavity 208 is larger than that of the second sealing cavity 206, and the cross-sectional area of the third sealing cavity 208 is larger than that of the fourth sealing cavity 209. It should be noted that since the first slider 203 is sealingly and movably sleeved with the first sealing cavity 205, both ends of the third slider 207 are sealingly and movably sleeved with the second sealing cavity 206 and the third sealing cavity 208 respectively, and the detection slider 204 is sealingly and movably sleeved with the fourth sealing cavity 209. Therefore, the cross-sectional area of the above-mentioned third sealing cavity 208 refers to the cross-sectional area of the third slider 207 on the side facing the third spring 219, the cross-sectional area of the first sealing cavity 205 refers to the cross-sectional area of the first slider 203 on the side facing the second sealing cavity 206, the cross-sectional area of the second sealing cavity 206 refers to the cross-sectional area of the third slider 207 on the side facing the first slider 203, and the cross-sectional area of the fourth sealing cavity 209 refers to the cross-sectional area of the detection slider 204 on the side facing the fourth spring 220. When the distance between the rails between the two first sliders 203 becomes larger due to misalignment, the two first sliders 203 are respectively pushed towards the inside of the first sealing cavity 205, so that the first slider 203 generates pressure on the hydraulic oil between the first sealing cavity 205 and the third slider 207, thereby pushing the third slider 207 to move. When the first slider 203 moves a small distance, due to the cross-sectional area difference between the first sealing cavity 205 and the second sealing cavity 206, correspondingly, when the hydraulic oil inside the first sealing cavity 205 enters the second sealing cavity 206, it can push the third slider 207 to move a larger distance, achieving a primary amplification effect. When the third slider 207 is moving, similarly, due to the cross-sectional area difference between the third sealing cavity 208 and the fourth sealing cavity 209, the hydraulic oil entering the fourth sealing cavity 209 from the third sealing cavity 208 can push the detection slider 204 to move a further distance greater than the moving distance of the third slider 207, realizing multi-stage amplification of the displacement of the detection slider 204 according to the change in the rail spacing.

[0038] Referring to Figures 3-4 , the deformation detection mechanism includes a fourth slider 210 movably sleeved inside the first slider 203. A connecting shaft 224 is connected to the side wall of the fourth slider 210. The connecting shaft 224 is fixedly connected to the detection head 223. A ball is provided at the end of the detection head 223. A sixth spring 222 is connected between the fourth slider 210 and the first slider 203. A marking component is further provided inside the first slider 203.

[0039] Referring to Figures 4-7, the marking component includes a liquid storage bin 202 arranged on the top of the detection block 200. The detection block 200 is provided with a communication pipe 211 communicating with the liquid storage bin 202. A liquid supply channel 225 communicating with the communication pipe 211 is arranged inside the detection block 200. A rigid pipe 228 communicating with the liquid supply channel 225 is arranged inside the first slider 203. A spray pipe 213 is arranged on the side wall of the detection head 223. An upper communication block 226 and a lower communication block 227 are respectively arranged on the top and bottom of the fourth slider 210. An annular groove six 236, an annular groove seven 237, an annular groove two 232 and an annular groove one 231 are successively arranged on the top of the upper communication block 226 in the direction from the fourth slider 210 towards the detection head 223. An annular groove five 235, an annular groove eight 238, an annular groove four 234 and an annular groove two 232 are successively arranged on the bottom of the lower communication block 227 in the direction from the fourth slider 210 towards the detection head 223. A liquid supply pipe 230 for supplying liquid to the spray pipe 213 is arranged inside the connecting shaft 224. A pipeline one 239 communicating the annular groove three 233 and the liquid supply pipe 230 is arranged on the upper communication block 226. A pipeline two 240 communicating the annular groove five 235 and the liquid supply pipe 230 is arranged inside the lower communication block 227. A communication groove 229 matching with the annular groove one 231 and the annular groove two 232 is arranged on the side wall of the rigid pipe 228.

[0040] Further, the upper communication block 226 and the lower communication block 227 between the vertically adjacent fourth sliders 210 are slidably connected. The rigid pipe 228 is slidably connected with the upper communication block 226 and the lower communication block 227, and the connection part is sealed. The positions of the annular groove one 231 and the annular groove two 232 correspond and are communicated. The positions of the annular groove four 234 and the annular groove three 233 correspond and are communicated. The positions of the annular groove eight 238 and the annular groove seven 237 correspond and are communicated. The positions of the annular groove five 235 and the annular groove six 236 correspond and are communicated. The annular groove eight 238 and the annular groove two 232 are communicated through a group of U-shaped grooves arranged inside the lower communication block 227.

[0041] Furthermore, multiple groups of detection blocks 200 are arranged. The adjacent detection blocks 200 are connected by hinges. The detection heads 223 are evenly distributed in the vertical direction. And the detection heads 223 inside the detection block 200 and the detection heads 223 on the same side inside the adjacent detection block 200 are staggeredly distributed in the vertical direction. It should be noted that due to the detection gaps between the detection heads 223, by arranging multiple groups of detection blocks 200, the detection heads 223 inside each group of detection blocks 200 and the detection heads 223 inside the previous group of detection blocks 200 are staggeredly distributed, so as to detect the gaps detected by the detection heads 223 of the previous group, thus avoiding the occurrence of detection blind areas.

[0042] Refer to Figures 8-9, the cleaning component includes a sandpaper belt 105 disposed inside the driving block 100. There are two sets of rollers inside the limiting block 101. The sandpaper belt 105 is sleeved outside the two sets of rollers. A bevel gear set 106 is disposed inside the limiting block 101. The bevel gear set 106 consists of two meshing bevel gears. One of the bevel gears is connected to the rotating shaft of the driving roller 104, and the other bevel gear is connected to the central rotating shaft of one of the rollers.

[0043] The working process of the high-precision laser alignment measurement device based on track alignment detection is as follows:

[0044] When detecting the track to be welded, first, the driving block 100 and the detection block 200 are clamped to the track. When the driving block 100 is clamped to the track, by simultaneously pulling the limiting blocks 101 on both sides of the bottom of the driving block 100 in opposite directions, and then installing them on the track. Through the thrust of the seventh spring 107 and the restriction of the limiting beads 103 on the track profile, the driving block 100 is clamped and connected to the track. With the counterweight rollers at the bottom of the driving block 100, the driving block 100 can move stably along the track surface. When the detection block 200 is clamped to the track, by simultaneously moving the first slider 203 inside the same detection block 200 away from the track, and then clamping the detection block 200 on the track, so that the detection heads 223 distributed on the side wall of the first slider 203 are correspondingly and closely attached to the side wall of the track.

[0045] It should be noted that the bottom of the detection block 200 is also provided with the same counterweight rollers as the bottom of the driving block 100, which provides a supporting effect during the movement of the detection block 200, ensures the stable detection of the side wall of the track by the detection heads 223, and avoids the displacement of the detection heads 223 in the vertical direction.

[0046] Further, after the driving block 100 and the detection block 200 are installed, the laser emitters and laser receivers inside the detection sliders 204 on both sides of the same group of detection blocks 200 are used to detect the gap data between the detection sliders 204 in real time and display it on the display screen 201. By pre-designing and calculating the width spacing parameters of the track and the parameters of the detection block 200, including the parameter design of the first sealing cavity 205, the second sealing cavity 206, the slider three 207, the third sealing cavity 208, and the fourth sealing cavity 209, when the detection block 200 is clamped on the track, the detected distance parameter between the detection sliders 204 corresponds to the width of the track to be detected. It should be noted that if the detected parameter between the detection sliders 204 is large, it means that the width of the track here does not match the specified width of the track, and the compression and propulsion amount of the slider one 203 is insufficient when the track spacing is small. Correspondingly, the compression and propulsion amount of the slider one 203 on the slider three 207 is insufficient, so that the compression and propulsion amount of the slider three 207 on the detection slider 204 through the hydraulic oil is insufficient, resulting in the detection slider 204 being different from the pre-specified track parameters, and the extension amount of the detection slider 204 is smaller, so that the detected parameter becomes larger, indicating that it does not match the pre-set track parameters. Correspondingly, a smaller detection parameter indicates that the track here is wider. Then, the track is detected and marked, and then the track clamping position is changed until the initial detection parameter of the detection slider 204 corresponds to the pre-set position, indicating that the width of the track here is consistent with the standard parameter position of the track, and detection can start here.

[0047] During detection, first, the motor 102 is started to drive the driving roller 104 to rotate. Then, through the rotation of the driving roller 104 and the rolling and limiting of the limiting beads 103, the driving block 100 is stably advanced on the track surface. At the same time, the rotating shaft of the driving roller 104 drives the sandpaper belt 105 to rotate through the transmission of the bevel gear set 106, so as to polish and pre-clean the track surface, remove impurities such as rust, oil stains, and loose coatings on the track surface, and avoid their influence on the detection of the track spacing, thereby improving the detection accuracy.

[0048] Furthermore, the driving block 100 drives the detection block 200 to travel along the surface of the track through a hinge. The real-time spacing of the track can be observed through the display screen 201. When the detection block 200 passes through the misaligned port at the welding position to be welded on the track, since the cross-sections of the ports are the same, when they are misaligned, due to the dislocation of the end faces, the width detected by the detection block 200 when passing through the track at this point will be significantly enlarged. At this time, when the detection block 200 passes through, the misaligned port part will push the slider one 203 into the first sealing cavity 205 through the detection head 223, compressing the hydraulic oil inside the first sealing cavity 205, thereby pushing the slider three 207 to move. When the slider one 203 moves a small distance due to the change in the track width, due to the cross-sectional area difference between the first sealing cavity 205 and the second sealing cavity 206, correspondingly, when the hydraulic oil inside the first sealing cavity 205 enters the second sealing cavity 206, it can push the slider three 207 to move a larger distance, achieving a primary amplification effect. And when the slider three 207 is moving, similarly, due to the cross-sectional area difference between the third sealing cavity 208 and the fourth sealing cavity 209, the hydraulic oil entering the fourth sealing cavity 209 from the third sealing cavity 208 can push the detection slider 204 to move a further distance greater than the moving distance of the slider three 207, realizing multi-stage amplification of the displacement of the detection slider 204 according to the change in the rail spacing, pushing the detection slider 204 to move a greater distance, thereby increasing the change amount of the detection of the spacing between the two detection sliders 204, making it more intuitive to be reflected on the display screen 201. It is not only convenient for observation, but also increases the detection accuracy by amplifying the detection amount. At the same time, it should be noted that when detecting an arc-shaped track with a certain curvature, during the process of the detection block 200 traveling on the arc-shaped track, multiple groups of detection heads 223 detect the inner and outer widths of the track at this point. Since the detection heads 223 are arranged in a straight line and are similar to the form of line contact to detect the track width in real time, compared with the traditional laser straightedge detection, this design scheme only performs real-time line contact detection on the track and will not be interfered by the curvature of the arc-shaped track. Therefore, this scheme is applicable to both straight and arc-shaped tracks.

[0049] It should be noted that the detection block 200 only performs real-time detection on the width of the track. Even when the detection block 200 is affected by a small amount of external force, especially the friction or centrifugal force when traveling on an arc-shaped track, when one side of the detection block 200 is affected by a certain external force, causing the slider one 203 to be compressed or extended a certain distance into the first sealing cavity 205, the detection slider 204 will correspondingly extend or retract a certain distance. Correspondingly, if the width of the track does not change at this time, the slider one 203 on the other side will extend or be compressed the same distance under the elastic force of the spring one 217, so that the detection slider 204 on the other side will also retract or extend the corresponding distance accordingly, which can effectively achieve anti-interference and improve the detection accuracy.

[0050] During the process of rail processing or laying, since the rail end serves as a free boundary and lacks continuous support, it is prone to local plastic deformation due to external forces. Or during the process of rail rolling and cutting, residual stress at the end, or collision damage during transportation, etc., all lead to problems such as rail deformation defects. When the slider 1 (203) moves along the side wall of the rail, when local deformation appears on the side wall of the rail, the protruding part of the deformation will push the slider 1 (203) into the interior of the first sealing cavity (205) through the detection head (223) and the slider 4 (210). At this time, the linearly arranged detection heads (223) detect and mark the deformed area. Since the detection head (223) of the deformed protruding part compresses the spring 6 (222) to the limit under pressure, the detection head (223) at the edge of the depression has no pressure from the deformed protrusion. The elastic force of the spring 6 (222) causes the slider 4 (210) to drive the detection head (223) to extend, causing the slider 4 (210) to drive the upper connecting block (226) or the lower connecting block (227) to slide along the rigid tube (228), so that the first annular groove (231) or the second annular groove (232) is communicated with the communication groove (229), enabling the marking solution inside the rigid tube (228) to enter the interior of the eighth annular groove (238) and the first pipeline (239) through the first annular groove (231) or the second annular groove (232), and further being discharged through the first pipeline (239) or the second pipeline (240) into the liquid supply pipe (230) inside the corresponding group of detection heads (223), and finally being discharged through the spray pipe (213) to mark the edge of the deformed part. Correspondingly, when a depression area is detected, the depression can also be marked by the ejection of the slider 4 (210).

[0051] It should be noted that an upper connecting block 226 and a lower connecting block 227 are provided in contact between adjacent slider fours 210. When passing through the range deformation area, if the detection heads 223 extend simultaneously or the extended distances are similar, and the difference in the detection extension distances between adjacent detection heads 223 is small, then the extended distances of adjacent two groups of slider fours 210 tend to be the same. At this time, the upper connecting block 226 and the lower connecting block 227 between the two groups of slider fours 210 also move the same distance. Since in the initial state, when the detection head 223 is pressed against the side wall of the rail and drives the spring six 222 to compress, between the upper connecting block 226 and the lower connecting block 227, the positions of the first annular groove 231 and the second annular groove 232 coincide horizontally, and the third annular groove 233 and the fourth annular groove 234, as well as the fifth annular groove 235 and the sixth annular groove 236, including the seventh annular groove 237 and the eighth annular groove 238, also correspond to coincide horizontally. At this time, the seventh annular groove 237 and the eighth annular groove 238 are not connected to any one of the third annular groove 233, the fourth annular groove 234, the fifth annular groove 235, and the sixth annular groove 236, so that although the second annular groove 232 and the first annular groove 231 are connected to the communication groove 229, there is no passage for the marking solution to drain. Only when there is a detection distance difference between adjacent detection heads 223, that is, the extended distances of adjacent detection heads 223 are different or one extends and one compresses, at this time, the upper connecting block 226 and the lower connecting block 227 between adjacent slider fours 210 move relatively. First, the movement of the upper connecting block 226 or the lower connecting block 227 makes the communication groove 229 communicate with the inside of the first annular groove 231 and the second annular groove 232, and is connected to the eighth annular groove 238. Further, through the relative movement of the upper connecting block 226 and the lower connecting block 227, the seventh annular groove 237 and the eighth annular groove 238 are displaced, so that the seventh annular groove 237 communicates with the fourth annular groove 234 or the fifth annular groove 235, and the eighth annular groove 238 communicates with the third annular groove 233 or the sixth annular groove 236. Then the marking solution can be discharged through the eighth annular groove 238 or the pipeline one 239 to the corresponding detection head 223, and then the marking is discharged through the spray pipe 213. Therefore, during the detection process of the detection head 223, the linearly arranged detection heads 223 can simultaneously detect the cross-section of a straight track, and can simultaneously mark each deformation area, effectively marking the deformation contour at the deformation point or the center of the depression, which is convenient for the staff to observe and repair later. At the same time, since only adjacent two groups of devices will make marks when there is a detection height difference, it can effectively avoid mis-marking the normal small undulations of the track. For example, when there are some small and continuous height changes in the track due to temperature changes or normal use wear, this interlocking design will not easily make marks, reducing the unnecessary number of marks and improving the accuracy of marking.

[0052] It should be noted that since the turning points on the surface of the rail may be arc-shaped, the lengths of the respective connecting shafts 224 can be designed correspondingly according to the cross-section of the track side wall, so that when the respective spring sixes 222 are compressed to a straight line, the balls at the ends of the respective detection heads 223 are in contact with the track surface.

[0053] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision laser alignment measurement device based on track alignment detection, comprising a driving block (100) and a detection block (200), wherein the driving block (100) and the detection block (200) are connected by a hinge, and is characterized in that, A driving mechanism is arranged inside the driving block (100). The driving mechanism includes a limiting block (101) movably sleeved on the driving block (100). A seventh spring (107) is arranged between the limiting block (101) and the driving block (100). A motor (102) is arranged at the bottom of the limiting block (101). Limiting beads (103) are arranged on the side wall of the limiting block (101). A driving roller (104) is rotatably connected inside the limiting block (101). A cleaning assembly is further arranged inside the driving block (100). An offset detection mechanism and an amplification mechanism are arranged inside the detection block (200). The offset detection mechanism includes a first sealing cavity (205) and a fourth sealing cavity (209) opened inside the detection block (200). A detection slider (204) is sleeved inside the fourth sealing cavity (209). A laser transceiver is arranged inside the detection slider (204). A fourth spring (220) is arranged between the detection slider (204) and the fourth sealing cavity (209). A first slider (203) is sleeved inside the first sealing cavity (205). A first spring (217) is arranged between the first sealing cavity (205) and the first slider (203). Multiple detection heads (223) are arranged on the side wall of the first slider (203). A display screen (201) is arranged on the top of the detection block (200); The amplification mechanism includes a second sealing cavity (206) and a third sealing cavity (208) opened inside the detection block (200). A third slider (207) is arranged inside the detection block (200). Two ends of the third slider (207) are respectively located inside the second sealing cavity (206) and the third sealing cavity (208). A third spring (219) and a second spring (218) are respectively connected between the third slider (207) and the inner parts of the third sealing cavity (208) and the second sealing cavity (206). A deformation detection mechanism is further arranged inside the first slider (203).

2. The high-precision laser alignment measurement device based on track alignment detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third slider (207) is designed in an I shape, and piston rods are designed on both sides of the third slider (207).

3. The high-precision laser alignment measurement device based on track alignment detection according to claim 1, wherein The cross-sectional area of the first sealing cavity (205) is larger than that of the second sealing cavity (206). The cross-sectional area of the third sealing cavity (208) is larger than that of the second sealing cavity (206). The cross-sectional area of the third sealing cavity (208) is larger than that of the fourth sealing cavity (209).

4. A high-precision laser alignment measurement device based on track alignment detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deformation detection mechanism includes a fourth slider (210) movably sleeved inside the first slider (203). A connecting shaft (224) is connected to the side wall of the fourth slider (210). The connecting shaft (224) is fixedly connected to the detection head (223). A ball is arranged at the end of the detection head (223). A sixth spring (222) is connected between the fourth slider (210) and the first slider (203). A marking assembly is further arranged inside the first slider (203).

5. The high-precision laser alignment measurement device based on track alignment detection according to claim 4, characterized in that, The marking component includes a liquid storage bin (202) arranged on the top of the detection block (200). The detection block (200) is provided with a communicating pipe (211) communicating with the liquid storage bin (202). A liquid supply channel (225) communicating with the communicating pipe (211) is arranged inside the detection block (200). A rigid pipe (228) communicating with the liquid supply channel (225) is arranged inside the first slider (203). A spray pipe (213) is arranged on the side wall of the detection head (223). An upper communicating block (226) and a lower communicating block (227) are respectively arranged on the top and bottom of the fourth slider (210). An annular groove six (236), an annular groove seven (237), an annular groove two (232), and an annular groove one (231) are successively formed on the top of the upper communicating block (226) in the direction from the fourth slider (210) towards the detection head (223). An annular groove five (235), an annular groove eight (238), an annular groove four (234), and an annular groove two (232) are successively formed on the bottom of the lower communicating block (227) in the direction from the fourth slider (210) towards the detection head (223). A liquid supply pipe (230) for supplying liquid to the spray pipe (213) is arranged inside the connecting shaft (224). A pipeline one (239) communicating the annular groove three (233) and the liquid supply pipe (230) is formed in the upper communicating block (226). A pipeline two (240) communicating the annular groove five (235) and the liquid supply pipe (230) is arranged inside the lower communicating block (227). A communicating groove (229) matching with the annular groove one (231) and the annular groove two (232) is formed on the side wall of the rigid pipe (228).

6. The high-precision laser alignment measurement device based on track alignment detection according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rigid pipe (228) is slidably connected with the upper communicating block (226) and the lower communicating block (227), and the connection part is sealed. The positions of the annular groove one (231) and the annular groove two (232) correspond to each other and are communicated. The positions of the annular groove four (234) and the annular groove three (233) correspond to each other and are communicated. The positions of the annular groove eight (238) and the annular groove seven (237) correspond to each other and are communicated. The positions of the annular groove five (235) and the annular groove six (236) correspond to each other and are communicated. The annular groove eight (238) and the annular groove two (232) are communicated through a group of U-shaped grooves arranged inside the lower communicating block (227).

7. A high-precision laser alignment measurement device based on track alignment detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of groups of the detection blocks (200) are arranged, and adjacent detection blocks (200) are connected by hinges. The detection heads (223) are evenly distributed in the vertical direction, and the detection heads (223) inside the detection block (200) and the detection heads (223) on the same side inside the adjacent detection block (200) are staggeredly distributed in the vertical direction.

8. A high-precision laser alignment measurement device based on track alignment detection according to claim 1, characterized in that The cleaning component includes a sandpaper belt (105) disposed inside the driving block (100). Two sets of rollers are provided inside the limiting block (101). The sandpaper belt (105) is sleeved outside the two sets of rollers. A bevel gear set (106) is provided inside the limiting block (101). The bevel gear set (106) consists of two meshing bevel gears. One of the bevel gears is connected to the rotating shaft of the driving roller (104), and the other bevel gear is connected to the central rotating shaft of one of the rollers.

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