A freeze-proof fracturing wellhead device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of oilfield fracturing, and more specifically discloses an anti-freeze fracturing wellhead device, including a main valve body and a heating furnace, wherein the upper and lower ends of the main valve body are fixedly connected to a first tee, and the ends on the same side of the two first tees are connected to a second tee, and the second tee is connected to a straight cylinder, and a piston mechanism is provided on the straight cylinder, and the piston mechanism is driven by a reciprocating mechanism to achieve reciprocating movement, and a circulating pump is fixedly installed at the liquid outlet of the heating furnace, and the output end of the circulating pump is fixedly connected to a heating pipe, which is spirally wound around the circumferential surface of the two first tees, and the end of the heating pipe is connected to the heating furnace to form a heating system; non-destructive dredging is achieved, which is more efficient and energy-saving than traditional methods, and is adaptable to complex blockage types, and can be used in conjunction with a heating system, thereby solving the blockage problem of the fracturing wellhead caused by sediment accumulation and low-temperature solidification.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oilfield fracturing, and more particularly to an antifreeze fracturing wellhead device. Background Art

[0002] In the oil field, fracturing refers to a method of using hydraulic force to form cracks in oil and gas layers during oil or gas production. It is also called hydraulic fracturing. Fracturing is the artificial creation of cracks in the formation to improve the flow environment of oil and gas underground and increase oil well production. It plays an important role in improving the flow conditions at the bottom of the oil well, slowing down the interlayer and improving the utilization of the oil layer.

[0003] Patent No. CN110566173A discloses a fracturing system with antifreeze properties, comprising a first branch and a second branch. The first branch comprises a clean water tank, a mixing vehicle, a buffer tank, a sand blender, a fracturing device, a first stopcock, and a choke manifold. The clean water tank, mixing vehicle, buffer tank, sand blender, fracturing device, first stopcock, and choke manifold are sequentially connected, with the choke manifold outlet returning to the clean water tank, forming a closed-loop circulation system. The second branch comprises a hot melt wax vehicle, a dual-motor pump vehicle, coiled tubing, and a wellhead. The hot melt wax vehicle, dual-motor pump vehicle, and coiled tubing are sequentially connected, with the coiled tubing passing through the wellhead to the bottom of the well. The wellhead in the second branch is connected to the inlet of the first stopcock in the first branch via a high-pressure pipeline, which is provided with a second stopcock near the inlet of the first stopcock. Beneficial effects: The use of a steam vehicle during construction allows the guar gum to fully swell; when not in operation, full-pipeline circulation is used for antifreeze and insulation, avoiding pipeline disassembly.

[0004] The low temperature at the fracturing wellhead causes the liquid to freeze and the high-viscosity fluid to solidify. The cold environment will cause the water-containing liquid to freeze and expand, damaging the equipment. High-wax crude oil or heavy oil becomes sticky and hard at low temperatures. Proppants, formation debris, and crystals produced by chemical reactions easily accumulate in valves, elbows and other parts. If not protected, it will cause valve jamming, pipeline rupture or blowout risks, affecting safety and production. For this reason, we propose an anti-freeze fracturing wellhead device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an antifreeze fracturing wellhead device to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] The present invention provides the following technical solution: an anti-freeze fracturing wellhead device, comprising a main valve body and a heating furnace, wherein the upper and lower ends of the main valve body are fixedly connected to a first tee, and the ends on the same side of the two first tees are connected to a second tee, and the second tee is connected to a straight cylinder, and a piston mechanism is provided on the straight cylinder, and the piston mechanism is driven by a reciprocating mechanism to achieve reciprocating movement, a circulating pump is fixedly installed at the liquid outlet of the heating furnace, and a heating pipe is fixedly connected to the output end of the circulating pump, and the heating pipe is spirally wrapped around the circumferential surface of the two first tees, and the end of the heating pipe is connected to the heating furnace to form a heating system, and an auxiliary valve body is installed at the connection between the second tee and the first tee, and a group of dynamic detection mechanisms are installed at the connection between the second tee and the auxiliary valve body.

[0007] The piston mechanism includes a piston body, a straight rod and a linkage rod. The piston body is slidably connected to the straight cylinder body. A sealing ring is embedded in the circumferential surface of the piston body. One end of the straight rod is fixedly connected to the piston body. The other end of the straight rod slides through the straight cylinder body and extends outward. The linkage rod is fixedly connected to the end of the straight rod.

[0008] Furthermore, the reciprocating mechanism includes a base, a limit frame, a sliding sleeve, a straight slot plate, a servo motor, a turntable and a slider. The base is located on the lower side of the straight cylinder, the limit frame and the servo motor are fixedly connected to the upper side of the base, the turntable is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor, the sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the round rod surface of the limit frame, the linkage rod is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding sleeve, the straight slot plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding sleeve, the slider is fixedly connected to the side of the turntable, and the turntable is slidably connected to the straight slot plate.

[0009] Furthermore, each group of the dynamic detection mechanism includes a protective tube, a baffle, and a first sensor group. The protective tube is embedded in the connection between the second three-way pipe and the auxiliary valve body. The baffle is rotatably connected in the protective tube. The first sensor group is fixedly installed on the surface of the second three-way pipe. An installation groove is provided at one end of the axis of the baffle, and the detection end of the first sensor group is inserted into the installation groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the first sensor group includes an angle sensor, a speed sensor and a frequency sensor to detect the rotation angle, rotation speed and rotation frequency of the baffle.

[0011] Furthermore, a second sensor group is installed at the end of the main valve body. The second sensor group includes a temperature sensor and a flow rate sensor to monitor the temperature and flow rate of the fluid in real time.

[0012] Furthermore, the surface of the first three-way pipe is wrapped with an insulation sleeve, which is made of high-temperature resistant rock wool or aluminum silicate fiber and is covered with an aluminum skin or stainless steel sheath.

[0013] Furthermore, a filter is embedded and installed at the interface between the second three-way pipe and the straight cylindrical body.

[0014] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] 1. The present invention utilizes a second tee and a piston mechanism in conjunction with a heating system, facilitating the use of a dynamic detection mechanism to determine whether a blockage or flow interruption has occurred. Upon confirmation of a blockage or flow interruption, the reciprocating mechanism is immediately activated, controlling the reciprocating movement of the piston within the cylindrical body. As the piston moves toward the second tee, it compresses the internal fluid, increasing pressure and impacting the blockage. As the piston moves away from the second tee, a negative pressure zone is created, which absorbs and removes loosened impurities. Regular reciprocating movement generates pressure waves, loosening the internally blocked fluid structure. Through precisely controlled pressure fluctuations, non-destructive unblocking is achieved. Compared to traditional methods, this method is more efficient, energy-efficient, and adaptable to complex blockage types. Furthermore, it can be used in conjunction with a heating system, resolving blockage issues caused by sediment accumulation and cryogenic solidification at the fracturing wellhead.

[0016] 2. The present invention incorporates a heat tracer, which facilitates indirect heating by wrapping around the surface of the first tee. This prevents localized overheating of the main valve body, ensures uniform temperature distribution, prevents sealing material failure due to thermal stress, and improves sealing security. The first tee, acting as a heat exchange medium, rapidly responds to ambient temperature changes, continuously replenishing heat through hot oil circulation to maintain internal fluid temperature. Compared to the main valve body's shape and structure, the surface heating of the first tee facilitates assembly and disassembly, and maintenance without disassembling the main valve body improves replacement or cleaning efficiency. The internal structure of the first tee is closer to a straight-through structure, with a simple flow path and no low-velocity zones. Heating simultaneously prevents particle deposition and extends service life. While ensuring effective antifreeze protection, it effectively avoids the seal failure and maintenance difficulties associated with direct heating, making it particularly suitable for high-pressure, highly corrosive, and contaminated fracturing wellhead conditions.

[0017] 3. This invention incorporates a dynamic detection mechanism to facilitate detection of the baffle's rotation angle, speed, and frequency. By detecting the baffle's deflection angle, it can determine whether flow direction is abnormal, such as reverse flow or repeated flow. When sediment accumulates, the baffle's rotation speed decreases. A threshold can be set for measuring the rotation speed, triggering an alarm when the flow rate falls below the threshold, providing early warning of internal flow velocity issues. Vibration frequency analysis can also be used to identify gas-liquid two-phase flow. The dynamic detection mechanism, through a combination of mechanical baffles and multi-parameter sensing, enables real-time monitoring and intelligent early warning of flow conditions at the fracturing wellhead. Its high-precision data provides a basis for decision-making by actuators such as the piston mechanism and heat tracer, significantly improving the reliability of fracturing wellhead operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the test structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the dynamic detection mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the baffle structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the filter structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the heating tube structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the reciprocating mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. main valve body; 2. first three-way pipe; 3. second three-way pipe; 4. auxiliary valve body; 5. straight cylinder body; 7. piston mechanism; 701. piston body; 702. sealing ring; 703. straight rod; 704. linkage rod; 8. heating furnace; 9. circulating pump; 10. heating pipe; 11. dynamic detection mechanism; 1101. protective cylinder; 1102. baffle; 1103. mounting groove; 1104. first sensor group; 12. reciprocating mechanism; 1201. base; 1202. limit frame; 1203. sliding sleeve; 1204. straight groove plate; 1205. servo motor; 1206. turntable; 1207. slider; 13. insulation cover; 14. second sensor group; 15. filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. In addition, the forms of the various structures described in the following embodiments are merely examples. The antifreeze fracturing wellhead device involved in the present invention is not limited to the various structures described in the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Reference Figures 1-8The present invention provides an anti-freeze fracturing wellhead device, including a main valve body 1 and a heating furnace 8. The upper and lower ends of the main valve body 1 are fixedly connected to a first tee 2. The ends on the same side of the two first tees 2 are connected to a second tee 3. The second tee 3 is connected to a straight cylinder 5. A piston mechanism 7 is provided on the straight cylinder 5. The piston mechanism 7 is driven by a reciprocating mechanism 12 to achieve reciprocating movement. A circulating pump 9 is fixedly installed at the liquid outlet of the heating furnace 8. The output end of the circulating pump 9 is fixedly connected to a heating pipe 10. The heating pipe 10 is spirally wound around the circumferential surface of the two first tees 2. The end of the heating pipe 10 is connected to the heating furnace 8 to form a heating system. A secondary valve body 4 is installed at the connection between the second tees 3 near the first tees 2, and a group of dynamic detection mechanisms 11 are installed at the connection between the second tees 3 and the secondary valve body 4.

[0029] The piston mechanism 7 includes a piston body 701, a straight rod 703 and a linkage rod 704. The piston body 701 is slidably connected to the straight cylinder body 5. A sealing ring 702 is embedded in the circumferential surface of the piston body 701. One end of the straight rod 703 is fixedly connected to the piston body 701, and the other end of the straight rod 703 slides through the straight cylinder body 5 and extends outward. The linkage rod 704 is fixedly connected to the end of the straight rod 703.

[0030] In this embodiment, it is necessary to specifically explain that: the first three-way pipe 2 is installed at both ends of the main valve body 1 and does not affect the normal flow of the original fluid. The heating furnace 8 is a diesel heating method and is suitable for use in an environment without power supply. The circulating pump 9 is a high-pressure magnetic drive pump to avoid the risk of leakage. The heating pipe 10 adopts 316L stainless steel bellows, which can adapt to the pipeline vibration environment and is tightly wound around the circumferential surface of the first three-way pipe 2. The heating furnace 8, the circulating pump 9 and the heating pipe 10 constitute the main structure of the heating system. A second sensor group 14 is installed on the surface of the main valve body 1. Through the second The sensor group 14 can monitor the internal temperature of the main valve body 1 in real time. When the internal temperature of the main valve body 1 is lower than the set value, the heating furnace 8 and the circulation pump 9 are automatically started to heat the internal heating liquid through the heating furnace 8. The heated heating liquid is heated from the initial temperature to the set value, which is usually 80 to 120°C, and takes about 15 to 30 minutes. Then, the heating liquid is output to the heating pipe 10 through the circulation pump 9. The heating pipe 10 is used to transfer heat to the first three-way pipe 2 to heat the first three-way pipe 2 and the internal fluid. After passing through the heating pipe 10, the temperature of the heating liquid is reduced by about 10%. 5 to 10 ℃, return to the heating furnace 8 for reheating, forming a closed loop, which can keep the temperature of the fluid in the main valve body 1 and the first three-way pipe 2 in a stable state, effectively avoiding the problem of internal blockage caused by too low temperature. Compared with the traditional method of directly winding the heating pipe 10 on the surface of the main valve body 1, this solution indirectly heats the main valve body 1 by winding it on the surface of the first three-way pipe 2, which can avoid local overheating of the main valve body 1, ensure uniform temperature distribution, prevent the sealing material from failing due to thermal stress, and improve sealing safety. The first three-way pipe 2 acts as a heat exchange medium and can quickly respond to changes in ambient temperature. ization, continuously replenishing heat through hot oil circulation to maintain the internal fluid temperature. Compared with the shape and structure of the main valve body 1, the surface heating of the first three-way pipe 2 is easier to assemble and disassemble, and there is no need to disassemble the main valve body 1 during maintenance, which improves the replacement or cleaning efficiency. The internal structure of the first three-way pipe 2 is closer to the straight-through structure, with a simple flow channel and no low-flow rate area. Heating avoids particle deposition while extending the service life. While ensuring the antifreeze effect, it effectively avoids the pain points of seal failure and maintenance difficulty caused by direct heating, and is especially suitable for high-pressure, highly corrosive, and high-impurity fracturing wellhead conditions.

[0031] The main difference between this embodiment and the prior art is that this embodiment adopts a second three-way pipe 3 and a piston mechanism 7 in conjunction with a heating system. Specifically, when the main valve body 1 is frozen or blocked, the fluid will stop flowing or the flow rate will be very slow. This solution connects a second three-way pipe 3 between the two first three-way pipes 2, which can serve as a hub connecting the main valve body 1 and the straight cylinder body 5. The three-way structure realizes the diversion or convergence of the fluid to ensure the pressure balance of each branch at the wellhead. The internal flow channel inclination is greater than 45° to avoid the freezing of accumulated liquid in the low flow rate area. A dynamic detection mechanism 11 is designed to monitor the flow state of the internal fluid in real time. The dynamic detection mechanism 11 is used to determine whether it is blocked or cut off. When it is confirmed that it is blocked or cut off, the reciprocating mechanism 12 is immediately started to control the piston body 701 in the straight cylinder through the reciprocating mechanism 12. It moves back and forth in the body 5. When the piston body 701 moves toward the second tee pipe 3, it can compress the internal fluid, increase the pressure and impact the blockage. When the piston body 701 moves away from the second tee pipe 3, a negative pressure area is formed to absorb and take away the loosened impurities. The regular reciprocating movement can generate pressure waves to loosen the internal blocked fluid structure. Through precise and controllable pressure fluctuations, non-destructive dredging is achieved. Compared with traditional methods, it is more efficient, energy-saving and adaptable to complex blockage types. It can also be used in conjunction with a heating system. Through the dual effects of mechanical scraping + dynamic disturbance, it fundamentally solves the blockage problem of the fracturing wellhead caused by sediment accumulation and low-temperature solidification. Its coordinated design with the heating pipe 10 and the dynamic detection mechanism 11 realizes fully automatic anti-freezing and anti-blocking, which is particularly suitable for extreme environments.

[0032] The above structure is the main structure of this embodiment, which solves the problem of freezing and clogging of the fracturing wellhead, and the reciprocating mechanism 12 is an existing structure. The specific structure and connection method of the heating furnace 8 and the heating pipe 10 are not described in detail in this embodiment. In addition, the dynamic detection mechanism 11 also belongs to the existing technology. Therefore, this application does not make detailed limitations.

[0033] Reference Figure 8 The reciprocating mechanism 12 includes a base 1201, a limit frame 1202, a sleeve 1203, a straight slot plate 1204, a servo motor 1205, a turntable 1206 and a slider 1207. The base 1201 is located on the lower side of the straight cylinder 5. The limit frame 1202 and the servo motor 1205 are fixedly connected to the upper side of the base 1201. The turntable 1206 is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor 1205. The sleeve 1203 is slidably connected to the round rod surface of the limit frame 1202. The linkage rod 704 is fixedly connected to the top of the sleeve 1203. The straight slot plate 1204 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sleeve 1203. The slider 1207 is fixedly connected to the side of the turntable 1206, and the turntable 1206 is slidably connected to the straight slot plate 1204.

[0034] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that: the base 1201 is fixed to the base of the wellhead assembly and remains independent from the main valve body 1 to prevent vibration from being transmitted to the core components. The surface of the sliding sleeve 1203 is hard chrome-plated, and its service life exceeds 100,000 cycles, ensuring its service life. During operation, the servo motor 1205 drives the rotation of the turntable 1206, which is converted into linear motion of the slider 1207, pushing the sliding sleeve 1203 and the linkage rod 704 to move back and forth in a straight line, and ultimately driving the piston body 701 to move back and forth in the straight cylinder 5. When the piston body 701 advances, it compresses the fluid in the straight cylinder 5, increasing the local pressure to impact the blockage. When the piston body 701 retracts, negative pressure is formed, which absorbs loose impurities into the main channel. This reciprocating operation can disintegrate the internal blockage structure. It can be automatically activated according to the fluid flow data monitored by the dynamic detection mechanism 11, and effectively solves the freezing blockage problem through precise pressure regulation and high-frequency mechanical action. Its modular design facilitates maintenance and is particularly suitable for high-pressure and high-impurity fracturing wellhead conditions.

[0035] Reference Figure 3-Figure 5 Each group of dynamic detection mechanisms 11 includes a protective tube 1101, a baffle 1102, and a first sensor group 1104. The protective tube 1101 is embedded and installed at the connection between the second three-way pipe 3 and the auxiliary valve body 4. The baffle 1102 is rotatably connected to the protective tube 1101. The first sensor group 1104 is fixedly installed on the surface of the second three-way pipe 3. An installation groove 1103 is provided at one end of the axis of the baffle 1102, and the detection end of the first sensor group 1104 is inserted into the installation groove 1103.

[0036] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the baffle 1102 can rotate under the support of the protective tube 1101. Its rotation speed is related to the fluid flow rate. When the fluid passes through the baffle 1102, the baffle 1102 is impacted and rotated. The first sensor group 1104 is used to monitor the rotation of the baffle 1102 in real time. The first sensor group 1104 includes an angle sensor, a speed sensor, and a frequency sensor to detect the rotation angle, rotation speed, and rotation frequency of the baffle 1102. When detecting the baffle deflection angle, it is determined whether the flow direction is abnormal, such as reverse flow, repeated flow, etc. When sediment accumulates, the rotation speed of the baffle 1102 will decrease. When measuring the rotation speed, a threshold can be set. When the flow rate falls below the threshold, an alarm is triggered, providing an early warning of internal flow rate problems, analyzing the vibration frequency, and identifying gas-liquid two-phase flow. The dynamic detection mechanism 11 realizes real-time monitoring and intelligent early warning of the flow state at the fracturing wellhead through the combination of mechanical baffles and multi-parameter sensors. Its high-precision data provides a decision-making basis for actuators such as the piston mechanism 7 and the heat tracer 10, significantly improving the reliability of fracturing wellhead operation.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 A second sensor group 14 is installed at the end of the main valve body 1. The second sensor group 14 includes a temperature sensor and a flow rate sensor to monitor the temperature and flow rate of the fluid in real time.

[0038] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that: the second sensor group 14 uses a PT100 temperature sensor and an electromagnetic flowmeter to monitor the internal fluid temperature to prevent low-temperature freezing or high-temperature damage to the sealing material. When the temperature is less than the low-temperature threshold, for example, 5 degrees Celsius, the heating furnace 8 is automatically started and the hot oil temperature is increased to the set value. When the temperature is greater than the high-temperature threshold, an over-temperature alarm is triggered and the heating power is reduced to ensure that the device is at a stable operating temperature. The electromagnetic flowmeter detects the fluid flow rate to determine whether the flow rate is reduced due to blockage. When the flow rate is less than the low-speed threshold, the piston mechanism 7 is linked to increase the reciprocating frequency to prevent internal blockage and clear the inside of the pipeline. When the flow rate suddenly drops to 0, it is determined to be completely blocked and the emergency mode is activated. In addition, the detection data is cross-validated with the baffle speed data of the dynamic detection mechanism 11 to distinguish between fault types such as freezing blockage low temperature + flow rate drop, sand blockage at normal temperature + flow rate drop. The coordinated work with the dynamic detection mechanism 11 realizes a technological leap from "passive response" to "active prevention".

[0039] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 7 The surface of the first three-way pipe 2 is wrapped with an insulation sleeve 13, which is made of high-temperature resistant rock wool or aluminum silicate fiber and is covered with aluminum skin or stainless steel sheath.

[0040] In this embodiment, it is necessary to specifically explain that: the insulation sleeve 13 is tightly wrapped around the outer surface of the first three-way pipe 2, between the heating pipe 10 and the external environment, forming an insulation layer, and adopts high-temperature resistant rock wool or aluminum silicate fiber with a thermal conductivity of ≤0.04W / mK, so as to lock the heat of the heating pipe 10 in the valve body system, and reduce the heat loss to <15%. Compared with the design without insulation layer, it can effectively reduce the heating energy consumption, avoid local overcooling or overheating on the surface of the first three-way pipe 2, ensure that the overall temperature gradient of the main valve body 1 is ≤5°C, and effectively prevent the failure of the seal due to thermal stress. Its high temperature resistance and long life are particularly suitable for high-pressure and high-cold fracturing wellhead conditions.

[0041] Reference Figure 6 A filter screen 15 is fitted at the interface between the second three-way pipe 3 and the straight cylindrical body 5 .

[0042] In this embodiment, it is necessary to specifically explain that: the filter screen 15 is located at the place where the second three-way pipe 3 connects to the straight cylinder 5, and the filter hole diameter is 0.5-1 mm, which effectively blocks impurities such as fracturing sand 20 / 40 mesh and metal debris >100 μm, preventing them from entering the straight cylinder 5 or the piston mechanism 7 to cause wear, thereby extending the service life of the piston mechanism 7.

[0043] Working principle of the present invention:

[0044] The main problems solved by this embodiment are: this solution achieves non-destructive dredging by using the second three-way pipe 3 and the piston mechanism 7 in conjunction with the heating system. Compared with traditional methods, it is more efficient, energy-saving and adaptable to complex blockage types, solving the blockage problem caused by sediment accumulation and low-temperature solidification at the fracturing wellhead; through the dynamic detection mechanism 11 and the filter screen 15, the internal fluid is synchronously monitored, and the piston mechanism 7 is linked to increase the reciprocating frequency to prevent internal blockage, dredge the inside of the pipeline, and solve the problem of preventing blockage inside the fracturing wellhead.

[0045] The specific steps are as follows:

[0046] This solution realizes fully automatic anti-freezing and anti-blocking of fracturing wellheads through the collaboration of three modules: dynamic heating, mechanical dredging, and intelligent monitoring. The specific workflow is as follows:

[0047] S1, intelligent monitoring start

[0048] S101, the dynamic detection mechanism 11 and the filter 15 monitor the fluid state in real time, the baffle 1102 rotates under the impact of the fluid, the first sensor group 1104 collects speed and angle data, and the filter 15 monitors the fluid temperature and flow rate in real time;

[0049] S102, abnormality determination:

[0050] Abnormal flow rate and speed drop > set value → trigger piston mechanism 7, which drives piston body 701 to move back and forth through reciprocating mechanism 12 to clear the internal pipe and prevent blockage;

[0051] Abnormal temperature < set value → start the heating furnace 8, pump the heating liquid into the heating pipe 10 through the circulation pump 9, and use the heating pipe 10 to exchange heat with the first tee pipe 2 to increase the temperature of the fluid inside the device and prevent internal freezing;

[0052] S2. Hierarchical response mechanism:

[0053] S201 Slight deposition: The piston body 701 moves back and forth at a low frequency to prevent dredging;

[0054] S202 Moderate freezing blockage: The heating furnace 8 is heated to high temperature mode, and the circulation pump 9 is used to speed up the flow rate of the heating liquid to prevent the problem caused by low temperature. The piston body 701 is controlled to accelerate the reciprocating movement to automatically solve the internal blockage;

[0055] S203 Severe blockage: The circulating pump 9 controls the heating liquid to flow at the fastest flow rate, and the piston body 701 reciprocates at the highest speed, and opens the two auxiliary valve bodies 4 to achieve bypass pressure relief and prevent internal pipeline bursting. Multi-sensor fusion decision-making reduces manual intervention and realizes fully automatic protection of the fracturing wellhead;

[0056] S3. Alarm system: If the internal part cannot be cleared within the set time, the alarm mechanism is automatically triggered and staff assistance is required to clear the part. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A freeze-proof fracturing wellhead device, comprising a main valve body (1) and a heating furnace (8), characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the main valve body (1) are fixedly connected to the first three-way pipe (2), and the ends on the same side of the two first three-way pipes (2) are connected to the second three-way pipe (3). The second three-way pipe (3) is connected to a straight cylinder (5), and a piston mechanism (7) is provided on the straight cylinder (5). The piston mechanism (7) is driven by a reciprocating mechanism (12) to achieve reciprocating movement. A circulating pump (9) is fixedly installed at the liquid outlet of the heating furnace (8), and the output end of the circulating pump (9) is fixedly connected to a heating pipe (10). The heating pipe (10) is spirally wound around the circumferential surface of the two first three-way pipes (2). The end of the heating pipe (10) is connected to the heating furnace (8) to form a heating system. A secondary valve body (4) is installed at the connection between the tube (3) and the first three-way tube (2), and a group of dynamic detection mechanisms (11) are installed at the connection between the second three-way tube (3) and the secondary valve body (4); the piston mechanism (7) includes a piston body (701), a straight rod (703) and a linkage rod (704); the piston body (701) is slidably connected to the straight cylinder body (5), and a sealing ring (702) is embedded on the circumferential surface of the piston body (701); one end of the straight rod (703) is fixedly connected to the piston body (701), and the other end of the straight rod (703) slides through the straight cylinder body (5) and extends outward, and the linkage rod (704) is fixedly connected to the end of the straight rod (703); The reciprocating mechanism (12) comprises a base (1201), a limiting frame (1202), a sliding sleeve (1203), a straight groove plate (1204), a servo motor (1205), a turntable (1206) and a slider (1207), wherein the base (1201) is located on the lower side of the straight cylinder (5), the limiting frame (1202) and the servo motor (1205) are both fixedly connected to the upper side of the base (1201), and the turntable (1206) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the straight cylinder (5). Connected to the output end of the servo motor (1205), the sliding sleeve (1203) is slidably connected to the round rod surface of the limiting frame (1202), the linkage rod (704) is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding sleeve (1203), the straight slot plate (1204) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding sleeve (1203), the slider (1207) is fixedly connected to the side of the turntable (1206), and the turntable (1206) is slidably connected inside the straight slot plate (1204); Each group of the dynamic detection mechanism (11) comprises a protective tube (1101), a baffle (1102), and a first sensor group (1104); the protective tube (1101) is mounted at the connection between the second three-way pipe (3) and the auxiliary valve body (4); the baffle (1102) is rotatably connected to the protective tube (1101); the first sensor group (1104) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the second three-way pipe (3); a mounting groove (1103) is provided at one end of the axis of the baffle (1102); the detection end of the first sensor group (1104) is inserted into the mounting groove (1103); the first sensor group (1104) comprises an angle sensor, a speed sensor, and a frequency sensor to detect the rotation angle, rotation speed, and rotation frequency of the baffle (1102); a second sensor group (14) is mounted at the end of the main valve body (1); the second sensor group (14) comprises a temperature sensor and a flow rate sensor to monitor the temperature and flow rate of the fluid in real time.

2. The antifreeze fracturing wellhead device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the first three-way pipe (2) is wrapped with a heat-insulating sleeve (13), and the heat-insulating sleeve (13) is made of high-temperature resistant rock wool or aluminum silicate fiber and is covered with an aluminum skin or a stainless steel sheath.

3. The antifreeze fracturing wellhead device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter screen (15) is fitted and installed at the interface between the second three-way pipe (3) and the straight cylindrical body (5).

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