CO2 working medium combined cooling and power supply system integrating vortex tube and ejector and working method of CO2 working medium combined cooling and power supply system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat energy and power engineering, and discloses a CO2 working medium combined cooling and power supply system integrating a vortex tube and an ejector and a working method of the CO2 working medium combined cooling and power supply system. Supercritical CO2 is separated into hot-end high-pressure two-phase flow and cold-end low-pressure two-phase flow through the vortex tube, CO2 liquid is separated from hot-end fluid through a gas-liquid separator, and CO2 liquid is separated from cold-end fluid through a gas-liquid separator; the problem that CO2 is difficult to condense in the high-temperature environment is solved, cold-end fluid can be directly evaporated and refrigerated in the evaporator, and large irreversible energy loss of a traditional throttling valve is reduced. The ejector is used for recycling top gas residual pressure of the gas-liquid separator, part of low-pressure gas at an outlet of the evaporator is ejected to form medium-pressure gas, and energy consumption of a low-pressure compressor is reduced. Exhaust steam waste heat of the turbine and the high-pressure compressor is utilized in a gradient mode through the heat regenerator, and dependence on an external heat source is reduced. The closed cycle design is combined with the CO2 working medium environment-friendly characteristic, cold and electricity cooperative output is achieved, the heat transfer and flowing performance of the system is optimized, and the overall energy efficiency and economical efficiency are superior to those of a traditional CO2 working medium cold and electricity combined supply system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of thermal energy and power engineering, and particularly relates to a CO2 working medium combined cooling and power generation system integrating a vortex tube and an injector and its working method. Background Technique

[0002] In the context of the intensifying trend of global warming, the problem of greenhouse gas emissions caused by the continuous consumption of fossil fuels has attracted great attention from society. To address this environmental challenge, academia and industry are actively exploring environmentally friendly working media to replace synthetic working media such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) used in traditional refrigeration and power generation systems. Among many natural working medium candidate materials, carbon dioxide (CO2) has attracted much attention due to its unique physical and chemical properties: as a Class A1 safe working medium, it not only has significant environmental protection advantages such as zero ozone depletion potential (ODP) and low global warming potential (GWP = 1), but also has engineering application characteristics such as non-flammability, non-toxicity, and easy availability of raw materials, and is particularly suitable for system operation in low-temperature working condition environments.

[0003] In recent years, the research on energy conversion technologies based on CO2 working medium has shown a significant growth trend, and CO2 working medium shows broad application prospects in the fields of power generation, refrigeration, and combined cooling and power generation. The power generation cycles using CO2 as the working medium mainly include the transcritical CO2 Rankine cycle as shown in Figure 1 and the supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle as shown in Figure 2 . The transcritical Rankine cycle as shown in Figure 1 realizes thermal-electric conversion through the expansion work of the turbine 11, but the subcritical condensation process of its condenser 13 is highly dependent on low-temperature heat sources, and it is difficult for the CO2 working medium to be effectively condensed in high-temperature environments, resulting in limited system efficiency. The supercritical Brayton cycle as shown in Figure 2 can apply to higher heat source temperatures, but a large amount of energy will be dissipated when the working medium cools down in the gas cooler 1, and the power consumption of the compressor 14 is relatively high, and there is limited room for overall energy efficiency improvement.

[0004] In the refrigeration field, the transcritical CO2 compression refrigeration cycle is the core technology. As shown in Figure 3 , it realizes the pressure reduction and temperature reduction of the working medium through the throttle valve 15 to obtain cooling capacity. However, the irreversible throttling process of the traditional throttle valve 15 causes significant energy losses, and the refrigeration efficiency further decreases especially under high-temperature working conditions.

[0005] As shown in Figure 4As shown in the figure, the existing CO2-based combined cooling and power generation system couples the power generation and refrigeration cycles (such as the supercritical Brayton cycle and the transcritical refrigeration cycle) through a shared gas cooler. Although it realizes the co-output of cooling and power, the inlet temperature of the CO2 working fluid at the compressor 14 is relatively high in a high-temperature environment, which increases the power consumption of the compressor 14, and then leads to a decrease in the power generation cycle efficiency; the pressure difference before and after the throttle valve 15 is relatively large, resulting in a large energy loss in the irreversible expansion process. In addition, the internal pressure energy of the system is not recovered through effective means, resulting in additional energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above problems, and provide a CO2-based combined cooling and power generation system integrating a vortex tube and an ejector and its working method, which solves the problems of difficult condensation of CO2 and large throttling losses inside the refrigeration subsystem in a high-temperature environment, and reduces the energy consumption of the system.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In the first aspect, the present invention provides a CO2-based combined cooling and power generation system integrating a vortex tube and an ejector, including a gas cooler, a vortex tube, a gas-liquid separator, an evaporator, an ejector, a low-pressure compressor, a high-pressure compressor, a booster pump, a regenerator, a heater, a turbine and a generator; The outlet of the gas cooler is connected to the inlet of the vortex tube, the hot-end outlet of the vortex tube is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator, and the cold-end outlet of the vortex tube is connected to the inlet of the evaporator; The top outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the working fluid inlet of the ejector, the bottom outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the booster pump, the outlet of the booster pump is connected to the first inlet of the regenerator, the first outlet of the regenerator is connected to the inlet of the heater, the outlet of the heater is connected to the inlet of the turbine, and the turbine is coaxially connected to the generator; The outlet of the evaporator is divided into two paths. The first path is connected to the entrained fluid inlet of the ejector, and the second path is connected to the inlet of the low-pressure compressor. The outlet of the low-pressure compressor and the outlet of the ejector converge and are then connected to the inlet of the high-pressure compressor; The outlet of the high-pressure compressor and the outlet of the turbine are jointly connected to the second inlet of the regenerator, and the second outlet of the regenerator is connected to the inlet of the gas cooler to form a closed circulation loop.

[0008] A further improvement of the present invention is that the outlet of the booster pump is sequentially connected to the first inlet of the regenerator and the inlet of the heater to form a CO2 heating path for the power generation subsystem.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention is that the CO2 liquid separated by the gas-liquid separator enters the CO2 heating path after being boosted by the booster pump.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that a booster pump is provided on the connecting pipeline between the bottom outlet of the gas-liquid separator and the first inlet of the regenerator.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the pressure at the cold end outlet of the vortex tube is lower than that at the hot end outlet, and the temperature at the cold end outlet is lower than that at the hot end outlet.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the gas-liquid separator is of a vertical structure, with its liquid outlet at the bottom and its gas outlet at the top.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a working method for a CO2 working medium combined cooling and power generation system integrating a vortex tube and an ejector, comprising the following steps: S1, Supercritical CO2 at the outlet of the gas cooler enters the vortex tube for energy separation. The high-pressure two-phase fluid output from the hot end outlet of the vortex tube enters the gas-liquid separator, and the low-pressure two-phase fluid output from the cold end outlet enters the evaporator to absorb heat and evaporate; S2, The CO2 gas at the top outlet of the gas-liquid separator enters the ejector to entrain a part of the gas at the outlet of the evaporator to generate a medium-pressure gas; S3, The remaining gas at the outlet of the evaporator is boosted by a low-pressure compressor and then mixed with the medium-pressure gas at the outlet of the ejector and enters a high-pressure compressor to be boosted to the supercritical state; S4, The CO2 liquid at the bottom outlet of the gas-liquid separator flows through a booster pump, a regenerator, and a heater in sequence to be heated up, and enters a turbine to expand and do work to drive a generator to generate electricity; S5, The exhaust steam of the turbine is mixed with the exhaust steam of the high-pressure compressor and then enters the regenerator to release heat, and then returns to the vortex tube after being cooled by the gas cooler to complete the cycle.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that in S4, the CO2 liquid at the bottom outlet of the gas-liquid separator is first boosted to the supercritical state by a booster pump and then flows through a regenerator and a heater in sequence to be heated up.

[0015] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that in S5, the exhaust steam of the turbine and the exhaust steam of the high-pressure compressor are mixed before entering the regenerator to jointly release waste heat.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a CO2-based combined cooling and power generation system integrating a vortex tube and an ejector. Through the energy separation effect of the vortex tube, supercritical CO2 working fluid is separated into a high-pressure two-phase fluid at the hot end and a low-pressure two-phase fluid at the cold end. The fluid at the hot end is separated into subcritical CO2 liquid through a gas-liquid separator, solving the problem that CO2 is difficult to condense into a liquid under high-temperature conditions. At the same time, the low-pressure cold-end fluid separated by the vortex tube can be directly evaporated and refrigerated in the evaporator, reducing the large irreversible energy loss of the traditional throttle valve. The residual pressure of the gas at the top of the gas-liquid separator is recovered by the ejector, and a part of the low-pressure gas at the outlet of the evaporator is entrained to form a medium-pressure gas, effectively reducing the energy consumption demand of the low-pressure compressor. The waste heat of the turbine exhaust and the high-pressure compressor exhaust is utilized in a cascaded manner through a recuperator, reducing the dependence of the heater on external heat sources. The closed-cycle design, combined with the environmental protection characteristics of the CO2 working fluid, while realizing the combined output of cooling and power, further optimizes the heat transfer and flow performance of the system, and the overall energy efficiency and economy are significantly better than those of traditional combined cooling and power generation systems.

[0017] The present invention also provides a working method for a CO2-based combined cooling and power generation system integrating a vortex tube and an ejector. The vortex tube is used to perform energy separation on supercritical CO2, separating the high-pressure two-phase fluid to obtain CO2 liquid for power generation and directly using the low-pressure two-phase fluid for refrigeration, effectively solving the problems of difficult CO2 condensation at high temperatures and large throttling losses in traditional systems, and giving full play to the advantages of the vortex tube in separating fluids with different pressures and temperatures. The CO2 gas at the top of the gas-liquid separator is entrained by the ejector to draw part of the gas at the outlet of the evaporator to generate a medium-pressure gas, effectively recovering the gas residual pressure and reducing the system power consumption. The liquid at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator is boosted by a booster pump and heated by a recuperator and a heater, and then drives the turbine to generate power. The exhausts of the turbine and the high-pressure compressor are cooled by the recuperator and the gas cooler and then returned to the vortex tube to complete the cycle, improving the thermodynamic performance and economy of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure of the present invention in any way. In addition, the shapes and proportional dimensions of the components in the drawings are only schematic and are used to assist in understanding the present invention, rather than specifically limiting the shapes and proportional dimensions of the components of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 1 is the transcritical CO2 Rankine cycle in the prior art; Figure 2 is the supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle in the prior art; Figure 3 is the transcritical CO2 compression refrigeration cycle in the prior art; Figure 4 is the CO2-based combined cooling and power generation system in the prior art; Figure 5The CO2-based combined cooling and power generation system integrating a vortex tube and an ejector according to the present invention.

[0020] Among them: 1. Gas cooler; 2. Vortex tube; 3. Gas-liquid separator; 4. Evaporator; 5. Ejector; 6. Low-pressure compressor; 7. High-pressure compressor; 8. Booster pump; 9. Regenerator; 10. Heater; 11. Turbine; 12. Generator; 13. Condenser; 14. Compressor; 15. Throttle valve. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and illustrated herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0022] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0024] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the present invention is habitually placed during use, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component is required to be absolutely horizontal, but it can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but it can be slightly inclined.

[0026] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "set", "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: As Figure 5 shown, the present invention provides a CO2 working medium combined cooling and power generation system integrating a vortex tube and an ejector, including a gas cooler 1, a vortex tube 2, a gas-liquid separator 3, an evaporator 4, an ejector 5, a low-pressure compressor 6, a high-pressure compressor 7, a booster pump 8, a recuperator 9, a heater 10, a turbine 11, and a generator 12. The outlet of the gas cooler 1 is connected to the inlet of the vortex tube 2, the hot-end outlet of the vortex tube 2 is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 3, the cold-end outlet of the vortex tube 2 is connected to the inlet of the evaporator 4, the pressure at the cold-end outlet of the vortex tube 2 is lower than that at the hot-end outlet, and the temperature at the cold-end outlet is lower than that at the hot-end outlet. Using the energy separation characteristic of the vortex tube 2, the supercritical CO2 working medium is separated into a hot-end high-pressure two-phase fluid and a cold-end low-pressure two-phase fluid, solving the problem that CO2 cannot be condensed in a high-temperature environment in the traditional system, and at the same time reducing the energy loss caused by the large pressure difference before and after the throttle valve in the refrigeration cycle.

[0028] The top outlet of the gas-liquid separator 3 is connected to the working fluid inlet of the ejector 5, the bottom outlet of the gas-liquid separator 3 is connected to the inlet of the booster pump 8. The gas-liquid separator 3 is of a vertical structure, with its liquid outlet at the bottom and its gas outlet at the top. The outlet of the booster pump 8 is connected to the first inlet of the recuperator 9, the first outlet of the recuperator 9 is connected to the inlet of the heater 10, the outlet of the heater 10 is connected to the inlet of the turbine 11, and the turbine 11 is connected to the generator 12.

[0029] The outlet of the booster pump 8 is successively connected to the first inlet of the recuperator 9 and the inlet of the heater 10 to form a CO2 heating path for the power generation subsystem. The CO2 liquid separated by the gas-liquid separator 3 enters the CO2 heating path after being boosted by the booster pump 8.

[0030] The outlet of the evaporator 4 is divided into two paths. The first path is connected to the entrained fluid inlet of the ejector 5, and the second path is connected to the inlet of the low-pressure compressor 6. The outlet of the low-pressure compressor 6 and the outlet of the ejector 5 converge and are then connected to the inlet of the high-pressure compressor 7.

[0031] The CO2 gas at the top of the gas-liquid separator 3 enters the ejector 5 as the working fluid, entraining a part of the low-pressure gas at the outlet of the evaporator 4. After generating medium-pressure gas, it is mixed with the gas at the outlet of the low-pressure compressor 6 and then boosted by the high-pressure compressor 7. This design utilizes the residual pressure of the gas at the top outlet of the gas-liquid separator 3 by the ejector 5, reduces the boosting requirement of the low-pressure compressor 6 for the gas at the outlet of the evaporator 4, and significantly reduces the energy consumption of the compressor. Through the series design of the low-pressure compressor 6 and the high-pressure compressor 7, the remaining gas at the outlet of the evaporator 4 and the gas at the outlet of the ejector 5 are mixed and boosted in stages, avoiding the efficiency loss caused by single-stage compression, improving the thermodynamic efficiency of the compression process, and at the same time adapting to the demand of the supercritical CO2 cycle for high-pressure working fluids.

[0032] The outlet of the high-pressure compressor 7 and the outlet of the turbine 11 are jointly connected to the second inlet of the recuperator 9. The second outlet of the recuperator 9 is connected to the inlet of the gas cooler 1 to form a closed circulation loop. The exhaust steam of the turbine 11 and the exhaust steam of the high-pressure compressor 7 are mixed and then enter the recuperator 9 to transfer the waste heat to the CO2 working fluid boosted by the booster pump 8, that is, the first inlet of the recuperator 9, realizing the cascade utilization of heat, reducing the dependence of the heater 10 on external heat sources, and improving the overall thermal efficiency of the system.

[0033] The present invention also provides a working method for a CO2 working fluid cold and power co-generation system integrating a vortex tube and an ejector, including the following steps: Step S1, the supercritical CO2 at the outlet of the gas cooler 1 enters the vortex tube 2 for energy separation. The hot-end outlet of the vortex tube 2 outputs high-pressure two-phase fluid into the gas-liquid separator 3, and the cold-end outlet outputs low-pressure two-phase fluid into the evaporator 4 to absorb heat and evaporate. Step S2, the CO2 gas at the top outlet of the gas-liquid separator 3 enters the ejector 5 to entrain a part of the gas at the outlet of the evaporator 4, generating medium-pressure gas. Step S3, the remaining gas at the outlet of the evaporator 4 is boosted by the low-pressure compressor 6 and then mixed with the medium-pressure gas at the outlet of the ejector 5 and enters the high-pressure compressor 7 to be boosted to the supercritical state. Step S4, the CO2 liquid at the bottom outlet of the gas-liquid separator 3 is boosted to the supercritical state by the booster pump 8 and then flows through the recuperator 9 and the heater 10 in sequence to be heated up, and enters the turbine 11 to expand and do work to drive the generator 12 to generate electricity. Step S5, the exhaust steam of the turbine 11 and the exhaust steam of the high-pressure compressor 7 are mixed and then enter the recuperator 9 to release heat, and then return to the vortex tube 2 after being cooled by the gas cooler 1 to complete the cycle.

[0034] Working principle: The present invention relates to a CO2-based combined cooling and power generation system integrating a vortex tube and an ejector. The vortex tube is used as the core component connecting the power generation and refrigeration subsystems. By skillfully leveraging the ability of the vortex tube to separate fluids with different pressures and temperatures, it effectively solves the problems in traditional CO2-based combined cooling and power generation systems, such as the difficulty of condensing CO2 in the power generation subsystem under high ambient temperatures and the large throttling losses inside the refrigeration subsystem. At the same time, the ejector is used to recover and utilize the residual pressure in the system to further reduce the system energy consumption. The present invention consists of components such as a gas cooler, a vortex tube, a gas-liquid separator, an evaporator, an ejector, a low-pressure compressor, a high-pressure compressor, a booster pump, a regenerator, a heater, a turbine, and a generator. In this system, the vortex tube separates supercritical CO2 into a high-pressure two-phase fluid at the hot end and a low-pressure two-phase fluid at the cold end. The two-phase CO2 at the hot end is separated by the gas-liquid separator to obtain liquid for performing a transcritical CO2 power generation cycle, while the two-phase CO2 at the cold end is used for performing a transcritical CO2 refrigeration cycle. Additionally, the system uses an ejector to recover and utilize the residual pressure of the gas separated by the gas-liquid separator to increase the pressure of a part of the gas at the evaporator outlet, thereby reducing the power consumption of the system. Compared with traditional CO2-based combined cooling and power generation systems, the design configuration of the present invention significantly improves the thermodynamic performance and economic efficiency of the system, providing new ideas and technical approaches for the efficient application of combined cooling and power generation technology.

[0035] Upon reading the above description, many embodiments and many applications other than the provided examples will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the scope of this teaching should not be determined with reference to the above description, but rather should be determined with reference to the full scope of the foregoing claims and the equivalents thereof. For the sake of completeness, all articles and references, including patent applications and published disclosures, are incorporated herein by reference. The omission of any aspect of the subject matter disclosed herein in the foregoing claims is not intended to abandon such subject matter, nor should the applicant be regarded as not considering such subject matter as part of the disclosed inventive subject matter.

[0036] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention. It cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited thereto. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention pertains, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made, and all should be regarded as falling within the protection scope determined by the claims submitted for the present invention.

Claims

1. A CO2-based combined cooling and power generation system integrating a vortex tube and an ejector, characterized in that, It includes a gas cooler (1), a vortex tube (2), a gas-liquid separator (3), an evaporator (4), an ejector (5), a low-pressure compressor (6), a high-pressure compressor (7), a booster pump (8), a recuperator (9), a heater (10), a turbine (11) and a generator (12); The outlet of the gas cooler (1) is connected to the inlet of the vortex tube (2), the hot-end outlet of the vortex tube (2) is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator (3), and the cold-end outlet of the vortex tube (2) is connected to the inlet of the evaporator (4); The top outlet of the gas-liquid separator (3) is connected to the working fluid inlet of the ejector (5), the bottom outlet of the gas-liquid separator (3) is connected to the inlet of the booster pump (8), the outlet of the booster pump (8) is connected to the first inlet of the recuperator (9), the first outlet of the recuperator (9) is connected to the inlet of the heater (10), the outlet of the heater (10) is connected to the inlet of the turbine (11), and the turbine (11) is coaxially connected to the generator (12); The outlet of the evaporator (4) is divided into two paths. The first path is connected to the entrained fluid inlet of the ejector (5), and the second path is connected to the inlet of the low-pressure compressor (6). The outlet of the low-pressure compressor (6) converges with the outlet of the ejector (5) and then is connected to the inlet of the high-pressure compressor (7); The outlet of the high-pressure compressor (7) and the outlet of the turbine (11) are jointly connected to the second inlet of the recuperator (9), and the second outlet of the recuperator (9) is connected to the inlet of the gas cooler (1) to form a closed circulation loop.

2. The CO2-based combined cooling and power generation system integrating a vortex tube and an injector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet of the booster pump (8) is sequentially connected to the first inlet of the recuperator (9) and the inlet of the heater (10) to form a CO2 heating path of the power generation subsystem.

3. The CO2 working medium cold and power combined supply system integrating a vortex tube and an injector according to claim 2, characterized in that, The CO2 liquid separated by the gas-liquid separator (3) enters the CO2 heating path after being boosted by the booster pump (8).

4. An integrated CO2 working medium cold and power combined supply system integrating a vortex tube and an injector, characterized in that, A booster pump (8) is provided on the connecting pipe between the bottom outlet of the gas-liquid separator (3) and the first inlet of the recuperator (9).

5. The working method of a CO2-based combined cooling and power generation system integrating a vortex tube and an injector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure at the cold-end outlet of the vortex tube (2) is lower than that at the hot-end outlet, and the temperature at the cold-end outlet is lower than that at the hot-end outlet.

6. The CO2-based combined cooling and power generation system integrating a vortex tube and an injector according to claim 1, wherein The gas-liquid separator (3) is of a vertical structure, with its liquid outlet at the bottom and its gas outlet at the top.

7. A working method of a CO2-based combined cooling and power supply system integrating a vortex tube and an injector, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. The supercritical CO2 at the outlet of the gas cooler (1) enters the vortex tube (2) for energy separation. The high-pressure two-phase fluid output from the hot-end outlet of the vortex tube (2) enters the gas-liquid separator (3), and the low-pressure two-phase fluid output from the cold-end outlet enters the evaporator (4) to absorb heat and evaporate; S2. The CO2 gas at the top outlet of the gas-liquid separator (3) enters the ejector (5) to entrain part of the gas at the outlet of the evaporator (4) to generate a medium-pressure gas; S3. The remaining gas at the outlet of the evaporator (4) is boosted by the low-pressure compressor (6) and then mixed with the medium-pressure gas at the outlet of the ejector (5) and enters the high-pressure compressor (7) to be boosted to the supercritical state; S4. The CO2 liquid at the bottom outlet of the gas-liquid separator (3) flows through the booster pump (8), the recuperator (9) and the heater (10) in sequence to be boosted in pressure and temperature, and then enters the turbine (11) to expand and do work to drive the generator (12) to generate electricity; In S5, the exhaust steam of the turbine (11) is mixed with the exhaust steam of the high-pressure compressor (7), then enters the recuperator (9) to release heat, and after being cooled down by the gas cooler (1), it returns to the vortex tube (2) to complete the cycle.

8. The working method of a CO2 working medium cold and power combined supply system integrating a vortex tube and an injector according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the aforementioned S4, the CO2 liquid at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator (3) is first pressurized to the supercritical state by the booster pump (8), and then flows through the recuperator (9) and the heater (10) in sequence to increase in temperature.

9. The working method of a CO2-based combined cooling and power generation system integrating a vortex tube and an injector according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the aforementioned S5, the exhaust steam of the turbine (11) is mixed with the exhaust steam of the high-pressure compressor (7) before entering the recuperator (9), and they jointly release the waste heat.

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