Hydrogen production system and control method for ammonia decomposition with inductance and exhaust coupling heating

Abstract

The application discloses an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system and a control method, and relates to the field of hydrogen production, in particular to an inductance and exhaust coupling heating ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system and a control method.The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system comprises an ammonia decomposition module and an inductance heating module, the ammonia decomposition module comprises an ammonia decomposition shell, a hole sealing structure and a plurality of ammonia cracking pipes, the ammonia decomposition shell is provided with an exhaust heating cavity, the plurality of ammonia cracking pipes are arranged in the exhaust heating cavity, each ammonia cracking pipe is internally provided with an ammonia decomposition heating cavity, the exhaust heating cavity is provided with a plurality of fixed holes corresponding to the plurality of ammonia cracking pipes in the axial direction, and the hole sealing structure is used for sealing and opening the plurality of fixed holes; the inductance heating module comprises a plurality of inductance coils and a driving mechanism in transmission connection with the plurality of inductance coils, and the driving mechanism is used for driving the plurality of inductance coils to reciprocate in a first direction.The application meets the requirement of high response in seconds, realizes rapid hydrogen production by vehicle-mounted ammonia decomposition, protects the coil, prevents the leakage of high-temperature exhaust, continuously produces hydrogen, and reduces the demand for vehicle-mounted power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy conservation and new energy, and in particular to an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system and control method using inductive and exhaust gas coupled heating. Background Technology

[0002] When an ammonia internal combustion engine is working, in addition to ammonia as the main fuel, a certain amount of hydrogen is also introduced into the pre-combustion chamber. On-board ammonia decomposition hydrogen production can provide hydrogen for the ammonia internal combustion engine; however, ammonia decomposition requires a large amount of heat energy. Currently, existing ammonia decomposition hydrogen production systems generally use the heat from the combustion exhaust to provide heat energy for ammonia decomposition. However, the inherently slow heat transfer characteristics of flame combustion cannot meet the requirements for rapid cold start response in vehicle or stationary applications. Some systems use inductors to quickly heat the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, but inductive heating requires high power, and the vehicle power supply cannot provide ultra-high power output for extended periods. Furthermore, in the high-temperature gas environment, the inductor coil's lifespan is significantly shortened and heating efficiency is reduced, making it impossible to maintain operation for long periods. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system and control method with inductive and exhaust gas coupled heating, so as to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art, and at least provide a beneficial option or create conditions.

[0004] The technical solution adopted to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0005] This invention provides an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system with inductive and exhaust gas coupled heating, comprising:

[0006] An ammonia decomposition module includes an ammonia decomposition shell, a channel sealing structure, and multiple ammonia cracking tubes. The ammonia decomposition shell has an exhaust heating chamber inside. The multiple ammonia cracking tubes extend along a first direction and are disposed in the exhaust heating chamber. Each ammonia cracking tube has an ammonia decomposition heating chamber inside that has a heat exchange relationship with the exhaust heating chamber. The exhaust heating chamber has multiple fixed channels at one end in the first direction that correspond one-to-one with the multiple ammonia cracking tubes along the axial direction. The channel sealing structure is used to close and open the multiple fixed channels.

[0007] An inductive heating module includes a plurality of inductive coils spirally arranged along the first direction and a drive mechanism that is pulsatorically connected to the plurality of inductive coils. The plurality of inductive coils are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of fixed channels. The drive mechanism is used to drive the plurality of inductive coils to reciprocate between a first position and a second position along the first direction.

[0008] When the plurality of inductors are in the first position, the inductors move to the outside of the ammonia decomposition shell, and the channel sealing structure closes the plurality of fixed channels; when the plurality of inductors are in the second position, the channel sealing structure opens the plurality of fixed channels, the inductors extend from the fixed channels into the exhaust heating chamber, and the inductors are sleeved on the outer periphery of the ammonia cracking tube, the ammonia cracking tube being a metal component serving as the magnetic core of the inductors.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system of the present invention are:

[0010] During the cold start phase of the ammonia internal combustion engine, multiple inductor coils are inserted into the exhaust heating chamber through multiple fixed channels. The inductor coils are fitted around the outer periphery of the ammonia cracking tube. A high-frequency alternating magnetic field is generated by the inductor coils, inducing eddy currents in the ammonia cracking tube and the internal ammonia cracking catalyst load. This rapidly heats the ammonia cracking catalyst to the set temperature value within a short time, achieving a high response time of seconds and enabling rapid hydrogen production from on-board ammonia decomposition. After the inductor coils heat the ammonia cracking tube to the predetermined reaction temperature, the high-temperature exhaust can take over the inductor heating module. At this time, the inductor coils are moved to the outside of the ammonia decomposition shell, and multiple fixed channels are sealed to prevent the inductor coils from contacting the high-temperature exhaust, thus protecting the coils and preventing leakage of the high-temperature exhaust. The high-temperature exhaust flowing into the ammonia internal combustion engine continues to heat the ammonia cracking tube, thereby continuously producing hydrogen and reducing the demand for on-board electricity.

[0011] In addition, multiple inductor coils form a distributed heating system, which can heat each ammonia cracking tube in turn, reducing the instantaneous discharge power requirements on the vehicle.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the exhaust heating chamber is provided with a high-temperature exhaust pipe extending along the first direction. An annular high-temperature exhaust channel is formed between the outer periphery of the high-temperature exhaust pipe and the inner peripheral wall of the exhaust heating chamber. The pipe wall of the high-temperature exhaust pipe is provided with a high-temperature exhaust hole communicating with the high-temperature exhaust channel. One end of the high-temperature exhaust pipe is provided with a high-temperature exhaust inlet, and the high-temperature exhaust channel is provided with a high-temperature exhaust outlet.

[0013] Multiple ammonia cracking tubes are arranged in a ring around the high-temperature exhaust pipe in the high-temperature exhaust channel.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the ammonia decomposition heating chamber is provided with an ammonia baffle extending along the axial direction. The ammonia baffle divides the ammonia decomposition heating chamber into an ammonia decomposition channel close to the high-temperature exhaust pipe and an ammonia preheating channel away from the high-temperature exhaust pipe. The ammonia preheating channel and the ammonia decomposition channel are connected in a U-shape. One end of the ammonia cracking pipe is sealed, and the other end of the ammonia cracking pipe is provided with a gas outlet connected to the ammonia decomposition channel and a gas inlet connected to the ammonia preheating channel.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the ammonia decomposition shell has a gas inlet / outlet chamber at one end away from the fixed channel. The gas inlet / outlet chamber is provided with an annular gas partition plate. The gas partition plate is connected to the end of the ammonia baffle plate. The gas partition plate divides the gas inlet / outlet chamber into a liquid ammonia vaporization chamber connected to the gas inlet and a mixed gas collection chamber connected to the gas outlet. The liquid ammonia vaporization chamber is provided with an ammonia gas inlet to be decomposed, and the mixed gas collection chamber is provided with a mixed gas outlet. The mixed gas collection chamber and the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber have a heat exchange relationship through a partition wall.

[0016] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the high-temperature exhaust inlet is located at the end of the high-temperature exhaust pipe away from the fixed channel, and the high-temperature exhaust inlet is connected to a high-temperature exhaust inlet pipe that passes through the mixed gas collection chamber. The end of the high-temperature exhaust pipe near the fixed channel is connected to the inner wall of the exhaust heating chamber. The outer peripheral wall of the high-temperature exhaust pipe is evenly distributed with a plurality of high-temperature exhaust holes, and the diameter of the plurality of high-temperature exhaust holes is gradually increased from the high-temperature exhaust inlet pipe toward the fixed channel.

[0017] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber is provided with multiple ammonia gas baffles to be decomposed. The multiple ammonia gas baffles to be decomposed are respectively located at the gas inlet near the ammonia gas inlet to be decomposed. One end of the ammonia gas baffle to be decomposed is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the gas partition plate, and the other end of the ammonia gas baffle to be decomposed is curved in an arc shape towards the side of the gas flow direction inside the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber. The gas inlet is located between the ammonia gas baffle to be decomposed and the gas partition plate. The bending length of the multiple ammonia gas baffles to be decomposed gradually decreases in the direction away from the ammonia gas inlet to be decomposed.

[0018] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the inner peripheral wall of the exhaust heating chamber is provided with multiple outer ring baffles, and the outer wall of the high-temperature exhaust pipe is provided with multiple inner ring baffles. The outer ring baffles and the inner ring baffles are arranged alternately along the first direction to form a serpentine high-temperature exhaust channel.

[0019] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the channel sealing structure includes a rotating base plate rotatably mounted on the outer end of the ammonia decomposition shell. The rotating base plate is provided with multiple rotating channels and multiple blocking parts. The rotating base plate has a first rotating position and a second rotating position. When the rotating base plate is in the first rotating position, the multiple rotating channels correspond one-to-one with the multiple fixed channels to open the multiple fixed channels. When the rotating base plate is in the second rotating position, the multiple blocking parts correspond one-to-one with the multiple fixed channels to close the multiple fixed channels.

[0020] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the driving mechanism includes a gear guide rail extending along the first direction, a coil base plate slidably mounted on the gear guide rail, a motor mounted on the coil base plate, a drive gear connected to the output shaft of the motor, and a rack provided on the gear guide rail. The drive gear meshes with the rack, and a plurality of the inductor coils are mounted on the coil base plate.

[0021] The present invention also proposes a control method applicable to the aforementioned ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system, the control method comprising:

[0022] During the cold start phase, multiple fixed channels are opened and multiple inductor coils are moved into the exhaust heating chamber, so that the inductor coils are sleeved on the outer periphery of the ammonia cracking tubes, and the multiple ammonia cracking tubes are inductively heated in stages.

[0023] When the multiple ammonia cracking tubes are heated to a predetermined reaction temperature, ammonia gas is controlled to be introduced into the ammonia decomposition heating chamber in the multiple ammonia cracking tubes, and decomposed to produce hydrogen gas under the action of the ammonia cracking catalyst, and then delivered to the ammonia internal combustion engine for starting.

[0024] Control the movement of the inductor coil to the outside of the ammonia decomposition shell, and control the sealing of multiple fixing channels;

[0025] The high-temperature exhaust gas from the ammonia internal combustion engine is controlled to be introduced into the exhaust heating chamber to heat the multiple ammonia cracking tubes, providing the necessary thermal energy for ammonia decomposition.

[0026] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system provided by the present invention when the inductor coil is located outside the ammonia decomposition shell.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system provided by the present invention when the inductor coil is located inside the ammonia decomposition shell.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the ammonia decomposition module provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system provided by the present invention when the inductor coil is located inside the ammonia decomposition shell.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mixed gas collection chamber and the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber provided by the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mixed gas collection chamber and the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber provided by the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating base plate when the fixing hole is closed, as provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating base plate provided by the present invention when the fixing hole is opened;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a flowchart of the control method provided by the present invention;

[0037] Icon labels:

[0038] Ammonia decomposition module 100; ammonia decomposition shell 110; channel sealing structure 120; rotating base plate 121; rotating channel 1211; shielding part 1212; ammonia cracking pipe 130; ammonia decomposition heating chamber 131; gas outlet 132; gas inlet 133; ammonia baffle 134; ammonia decomposition channel 135; ammonia preheating channel 136; exhaust heating chamber 140; high-temperature exhaust inlet 141; high-temperature exhaust outlet 142; fixed channel 143; high-temperature exhaust pipe 144; high-temperature exhaust hole 1441; high-temperature exhaust channel 145; outer ring baffle 146; inner ring baffle 147; gas inlet / outlet chamber 150; gas separator 151; liquid ammonia vaporization chamber 152; mixed gas collection chamber 153; ammonia to be decomposed inlet 154; mixed gas outlet 155; ammonia to be decomposed baffle 156; high-temperature exhaust inlet pipe 160.

[0039] Inductive heating module 200; inductive coil 210; drive mechanism 220; gear guide rail 221; coil base plate 222; motor 223; drive gear 224; rack 225. Detailed Implementation

[0040] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0042] In the description of this invention, "multiple" refers to two or more. The use of "first" and "second" is for distinguishing technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or their sequential relationship.

[0043] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0044] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0045] Traditional heat exchange heating methods suffer from long heating times, making them unsuitable for the rapid cold start response requirements of vehicles. Electric heating, especially inductive heating, can quickly heat the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, but it requires high instantaneous power, which the vehicle power supply cannot provide. Furthermore, in high-temperature gas environments, the inductor coil 210's lifespan is significantly shortened, and its heating efficiency is reduced, making it impossible to maintain operation for extended periods. Therefore, this invention proposes an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system with inductive and exhaust gas coupling heating. This system protects the coil, prevents leakage of high-temperature exhaust gas, enables rapid hydrogen production from ammonia decomposition on-board, and reduces the demand for on-board power.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system of the present invention includes: an ammonia decomposition module 100 and an inductive heating module 200.

[0047] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the ammonia decomposition module 100 of this embodiment includes an ammonia decomposition shell 110, a channel sealing structure 120, and multiple ammonia cracking tubes 130. The ammonia decomposition shell 110 has a cylindrical structure. An exhaust heating chamber 140 is provided inside the ammonia decomposition shell 110. The exhaust heating chamber 140 is provided with a high-temperature exhaust inlet 141 and a high-temperature exhaust outlet 142. In use, the high-temperature exhaust generated by the ammonia internal combustion engine enters from the high-temperature exhaust inlet 141, and after heat exchange, it is discharged from the high-temperature exhaust outlet 142.

[0048] Multiple ammonia cracking tubes 130 extend along a first direction within the exhaust heating chamber 140. In this embodiment, the first direction is defined as the left-right direction. In other embodiments, the first direction may be the front-back direction or the up-down direction, etc.

[0049] Each ammonia cracking tube 130 is provided with an ammonia decomposition heating chamber 131 that has a heat exchange relationship with the exhaust heating chamber 140. In this embodiment, the ammonia decomposition heating chamber 131 is provided with an ammonia cracking catalyst. The ammonia decomposition heating chamber 131 is provided with a gas outlet 132 and a gas inlet 133. Ammonia gas is introduced into the ammonia decomposition heating chamber 131 through the gas inlet 133, and the mixed gas after the decomposition reaction flows out through the gas outlet 132.

[0050] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the exhaust heating chamber 140 has a plurality of fixed channels 143 distributed at one end in the first direction. The plurality of fixed channels 143 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of ammonia cracking pipes 130 along the axial direction, and the channel sealing structure 120 is used to close and open the plurality of fixed channels 143.

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the inductive heating module 200 includes a plurality of inductive coils 210 arranged spirally along a first direction and a drive mechanism 220 that is drively connected to the plurality of inductive coils 210. The plurality of inductive coils 210 are arranged one-to-one with the plurality of fixed channels 143. The drive mechanism 220 is used to drive the plurality of inductive coils 210 to reciprocate between a first position and a second position along the first direction.

[0052] Among them, such as Figure 1 As shown, when the multiple inductors 210 are in the first position, the inductors 210 move to the outside of the ammonia decomposition shell 110, and the channel sealing structure 120 seals the multiple fixed channels 143; as Figure 2 As shown, when the multiple inductor coils 210 are in the second position, the channel closure structure 120 opens multiple fixed channels 143, and the inductor coils 210 extend into the exhaust heating chamber 140 from the fixed channels 143. The inductor coils 210 are sleeved on the outer periphery of the ammonia cracking tube 130, which is a metal component and serves as the magnetic core of the inductor coils 210.

[0053] During the cold start phase of the ammonia internal combustion engine, multiple inductor coils 210 are inserted into the exhaust heating chamber 140 through multiple fixed channels 143. The inductor coils 210 are sleeved on the outer periphery of the ammonia cracking tube 130. A high-frequency alternating magnetic field is formed by the inductor coils 210, which induces eddy currents in the ammonia cracking tube 130 and the internal ammonia cracking catalyst load. The ammonia cracking catalyst can be rapidly heated to the set temperature value in a short time, thereby achieving the high response requirement at the second level and realizing rapid hydrogen production from ammonia decomposition on the vehicle. After the inductor coils 210 heat the ammonia cracking tube 130 to the predetermined reaction temperature, the high-temperature exhaust can take over from the inductor heating module 200. At this time, the inductor coils 210 are moved to the outside of the ammonia decomposition shell 110, and the multiple fixed channels 143 are closed to prevent the inductor coils 210 from contacting the high-temperature exhaust, thereby protecting the coils and preventing leakage of the high-temperature exhaust. The high-temperature exhaust introduced into the ammonia internal combustion engine continues to heat the ammonia cracking tube 130, thereby continuously producing hydrogen and reducing the demand for on-board electricity.

[0054] In addition, multiple inductor coils 210 form a distributed heating system, which can take turns heating each ammonia cracking tube 130, reducing the instantaneous discharge power requirement on the vehicle.

[0055] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the exhaust heating chamber 140 of this embodiment is provided with a high-temperature exhaust pipe 144 extending along a first direction. An annular high-temperature exhaust channel 145 is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144 and the inner peripheral wall of the exhaust heating chamber 140. The pipe wall of the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144 is provided with a high-temperature exhaust hole 1441 communicating with the high-temperature exhaust channel 145. The high-temperature exhaust inlet 141 is located at one end of the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144, and the high-temperature exhaust outlet 142 is communicating with the high-temperature exhaust channel 145. The high-temperature exhaust flows sequentially through the high-temperature exhaust inlet 141, the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144, the high-temperature exhaust channel 145, and the high-temperature exhaust outlet 142.

[0056] In this embodiment, multiple ammonia cracking tubes 130 are arranged in a ring around the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144 in the high-temperature exhaust channel 145 to improve the uniformity of heat exchange among the multiple ammonia cracking tubes 130.

[0057] To improve heat exchange efficiency, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the inner peripheral wall of the exhaust heating chamber 140 in this embodiment is provided with a plurality of outer ring baffles 146, and the outer wall of the high temperature exhaust pipe 144 is provided with a plurality of inner ring baffles 147. The outer ring baffles 146 and the inner ring baffles 147 are arranged alternately along the first direction to form a serpentine high temperature exhaust channel 145, which prolongs the flow path of the high temperature exhaust in the high temperature exhaust channel 145, so as to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the high temperature exhaust to the ammonia cracking pipe 130.

[0058] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The ammonia decomposition heating chamber 131 shown in this embodiment is provided with an ammonia gas baffle 134 extending axially. The ammonia gas baffle 134 divides the ammonia decomposition heating chamber 131 into an ammonia gas decomposition channel 135 near the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144 and an ammonia gas preheating channel 136 away from the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144. The ammonia gas preheating channel 136 and the ammonia gas decomposition channel 135 extend in the left and right directions, respectively, and the ammonia gas preheating channel 136 and the ammonia gas decomposition channel 135 are connected in a U-shape. In this embodiment, one end of the ammonia cracking pipe 130 is blocked. Specifically, the end of the ammonia cracking pipe 130 facing the fixed channel 143 is blocked, while the other end of the ammonia cracking pipe 130 is connected to the ammonia decomposition channel. The gas outlet 132 is connected to the gas outlet 135, and the gas inlet 133 is connected to the ammonia preheating channel 136. Ammonia enters the ammonia preheating channel 136 from the gas inlet 133. The high-temperature exhaust gas preheats the ammonia in the ammonia preheating channel 136. Then, the ammonia flows into the ammonia decomposition channel 135 for catalytic decomposition. The ammonia cracking catalyst is located in the ammonia decomposition channel 135. Since the ammonia decomposition channel 135 is close to the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144, and the ammonia preheating channel 136 is far from the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144, less high-temperature exhaust heat energy is needed to preheat the ammonia to be decomposed to the predetermined temperature. The ammonia decomposition channel 135 is close to the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144, thus providing sufficient heat energy for ammonia decomposition.

[0059] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the gas outlet 132 and the gas inlet 133 are located at the left end of the ammonia cracking pipe 130, while the right end of the ammonia cracking pipe 130 is blocked and suspended. The left end of the ammonia cracking pipe 130 is fixedly connected to the left end plate of the ammonia decomposition shell 110, and the fixing channel 143 is located at the right end plate of the ammonia decomposition shell 110.

[0060] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the ammonia decomposition shell 110 is provided with a gas inlet / outlet cavity 150 at one end away from the fixed channel 143. The gas inlet / outlet cavity 150 is located at the left end of the ammonia decomposition shell 110. The gas inlet / outlet cavity 150 is provided with an annular gas partition plate 151. The gas partition plate 151 is connected to the left end of a plurality of ammonia baffles 134. The gas partition plate 151 divides the gas inlet / outlet cavity 150 into a liquid ammonia vaporization cavity 152 that communicates with the gas inlet 133 and a mixed gas collection cavity 153 that communicates with the gas outlet 132. The mixed gas collection cavity 153 and the liquid ammonia vaporization cavity 152 are arranged in an inner and outer sleeve configuration with the center of the gas inlet / outlet cavity 150. The mixed gas collection cavity 153 and the liquid ammonia vaporization cavity 152 have a heat exchange relationship between the walls.

[0061] The liquid ammonia vaporization chamber 152 is provided with an ammonia gas inlet 154 to be decomposed, and the mixed gas collection chamber 153 is provided with a mixed gas outlet 155. Liquid ammonia enters the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber 152 from the ammonia gas inlet 154 and vaporizes into ammonia gas in the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber 152. The ammonia gas enters the ammonia cracking pipe 130 through the gas inlet 133. The mixed gas produced by the decomposition enters the mixed gas collection chamber 153 from the gas outlet 132 and then flows out from the mixed gas outlet 155.

[0062] In this embodiment, the mixed gas collection chamber 153 can exchange heat with the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber 152. On the one hand, it reduces the temperature of the mixed gas outlet 155, which helps protect the hydrogen rail and injection components of the ammonia internal combustion engine. On the other hand, the liquid ammonia entering the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber 152 from the vehicle-mounted liquid ammonia tank can be directly heated and vaporized using the heat of the hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas, which significantly improves the system integration level and thermal energy utilization rate.

[0063] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber 152 is provided with multiple ammonia gas baffles 156 to be decomposed. These baffles 156 are respectively located near the gas inlets 133 of the ammonia gas inlet 154 to be decomposed. One end of each baffle 156 is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the gas separator 151, and the other end of each baffle 156 is curved in an arc shape towards the direction of gas flow inside the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber 152. The gas inlets 133 are located at the... Between the ammonia gas baffle 156 and the gas separator 151, the bending length of the multiple ammonia gas baffles 156 to be decomposed is gradually reduced in the direction away from the ammonia gas inlet 154 to be decomposed. It can be understood that the ammonia gas baffles 156 closer to the ammonia gas inlet 154 to be decomposed are longer, and the ammonia gas baffles 156 further away from the ammonia gas inlet 154 to be decomposed are shorter. The ammonia gas baffles 156 to be decomposed can ensure that the amount of ammonia gas entering each gas inlet 133 is basically the same.

[0064] In this embodiment, the high-temperature exhaust inlet 141 is located at the left end of the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144, and the high-temperature exhaust inlet 141 is connected to a high-temperature exhaust inlet pipe 160 that passes through the mixed gas collection chamber 153. The right end of the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144 is connected to the inner wall of the exhaust heating chamber 140. The outer peripheral wall of the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144 is evenly distributed with a plurality of high-temperature exhaust holes 1441. Since the temperature of the high-temperature exhaust near the high-temperature exhaust inlet pipe 160 is high, only a small amount of high-temperature exhaust is needed to heat the ammonia cracking tube 130. However, the temperature of the high-temperature exhaust far from the high-temperature exhaust inlet pipe 160 is low, so a larger amount of high-temperature exhaust is needed to heat the ammonia cracking tube 130. Furthermore, the high-temperature exhaust will also generate a certain amount of heat when it flows in the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144. The heat loss is caused by thermal radiation heating the ammonia cracking tube 130. Therefore, in this embodiment, the diameter of the multiple high-temperature exhaust holes 1441 gradually increases from the high-temperature exhaust inlet pipe 160 towards the fixed channel 143. It can be understood that the diameter of the multiple high-temperature exhaust holes 1441 gradually increases from left to right. When the high-temperature exhaust flows from left to right in the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144, the diameter of the high-temperature exhaust holes 1441 closer to the high-temperature exhaust inlet pipe 160 is small, and the amount of high-temperature exhaust flowing into the high-temperature exhaust channel 145 is small. On the other hand, the diameter of the high-temperature exhaust holes 1441 further away from the high-temperature exhaust inlet pipe 160 is large, and the amount of high-temperature exhaust flowing into the high-temperature exhaust channel 145 is large, thereby improving the uniformity of heating the ammonia cracking tube 130.

[0065] The channel sealing structure 120 of this embodiment includes a rotating base plate 121 rotatably mounted on the right end plate of the ammonia decomposition shell 110. The rotating base plate 121 is provided with a plurality of rotating channels 1211 and a plurality of shielding parts 1212. The rotating base plate 121 has a first rotating position and a second rotating position, wherein, for example Figure 8 As shown, when the rotating base plate 121 is in the first rotating position, the multiple rotating channels 1211 correspond one-to-one with the multiple fixed channels 143 to open the multiple fixed channels 143; as Figure 7 As shown, when the rotating base plate 121 is in the second rotating position, the multiple blocking parts 1212 correspond one-to-one with the multiple fixing channels 143 to close the multiple fixing channels 143.

[0066] In this embodiment, the rotating base plate 121 can be easily and quickly opened and closed by controlling the rotation angle, which facilitates the entry and exit of the inductive heating module 200 and prevents leakage of high-temperature exhaust gas.

[0067] The rotating base plate 121 can be automatically controlled by a power unit.

[0068] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the drive mechanism 220 includes a gear guide rail 221 extending along a first direction, a coil base plate 222 slidably mounted on the gear guide rail 221, a motor 223 mounted on the coil base plate 222, a drive gear 224 connected to the output shaft of the motor 223, and a rack 225 disposed on the gear guide rail 221. The drive gear 224 meshes with the rack 225. Multiple inductor coils 210 are mounted on the coil base plate 222. The motor 223 drives the drive gear 224 to rotate. Through meshing with the rack 225, the inductor coils 210 can quickly and accurately enter and exit the ammonia decomposition module 100.

[0069] In some embodiments, the inductor coil 210 is a hollow metal tube, and cooling water flows through the inductor coil 210 to achieve thermal protection of the coil.

[0070] This embodiment also proposes a control method applicable to the aforementioned ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the control methods include:

[0071] Step S100: During the cold start phase, control the opening of multiple fixed channels 143, control the movement of multiple inductor coils 210 into the exhaust heating chamber 140, so that the inductor coils 210 are sleeved on the outer periphery of the ammonia cracking tube 130, and perform staged inductive heating on the multiple ammonia cracking tubes 130.

[0072] Step S200: When the multiple ammonia cracking tubes 130 are heated to the predetermined reaction temperature, ammonia gas is controlled to be introduced into the ammonia decomposition heating chamber 131 in the multiple ammonia cracking tubes 130, and decomposed to produce hydrogen gas under the action of the ammonia cracking catalyst, and then delivered to the ammonia internal combustion engine for starting.

[0073] Step S300: Control the inductor coil 210 to be moved to the outside of the ammonia decomposition shell 110, and control the sealing of multiple fixing channels 143;

[0074] Step S400: Control the high-temperature exhaust gas from the ammonia internal combustion engine to be introduced into the exhaust heating chamber 140 to heat multiple ammonia cracking pipes 130, providing the required heat energy for ammonia decomposition.

[0075] In step S100, the rotating base plate 121 is controlled to rotate, so that the rotating channel 1211 is aligned with the fixed channel 143 to open multiple fixed channels 143. The motor 223 drives the drive gear 224 to rotate, and through the meshing transmission with the rack 225, pushes the coil base plate 222 to move to the left, thereby passing the inductor coil 210 through the fixed channel 143 and sending it into the high-temperature exhaust channel 145, and sleeved on the outer periphery of each ammonia cracking tube 130. At this time, cooling water flows in the hollow metal tube of the inductor coil 210. At the same time, the vehicle power supply drives each inductor coil 210 sequentially or in batches to heat the ammonia cracking tubes 130 one by one or batch to the temperature required for ammonia decomposition.

[0076] In step S200, liquid ammonia is introduced into the ammonia decomposition module 100 through the ammonia gas inlet 154. Since the temperature of each pipeline is at room temperature during cold start, the liquid ammonia introduced during cold start can be directly vaporized and enter the ammonia cracking pipe 130 for further heating and decomposition, generating a high-temperature hydrogen-nitrogen mixture, which enters the mixture collection chamber 153 and transfers heat with the liquid ammonia that continues to enter the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber 152, causing the continuously entering liquid ammonia to be vaporized. At the same time, the hydrogen-nitrogen mixture is cooled down and enters the hydrogen rail for injection into the ammonia internal combustion engine cylinder to do work.

[0077] After the liquid ammonia is vaporized, the ammonia gas baffle 156 distributes the ammonia gas evenly into each ammonia cracking tube 130.

[0078] In step S300, after the system has generated a stable flow of hydrogen-nitrogen mixture, the ammonia internal combustion engine has generated combustion exhaust. At this time, the inductor coil 210 is de-energized, the motor 223 drives the drive gear 224 to rotate in the opposite direction, and through the meshing transmission with the rack 225, pushes the coil base plate 222 to move outward, sending the inductor coil 210 out of the ammonia decomposition module 100, and causing the rotating base plate 121 to rotate, so that the rotating channel 1211 is misaligned with the fixed channel 143, thereby closing the fixed channel 143;

[0079] The exhaust from the ammonia internal combustion engine is sent to the ammonia decomposition module 100 through the high-temperature exhaust pipe 144, which continues to heat the ammonia cracking pipe 130, producing hydrogen for a long time.

[0080] In some embodiments, the exhaust gas from the ammonia internal combustion engine is heated by an external heating device, including but not limited to a pure ammonia burner, and then introduced into a high-temperature exhaust pipe 144.

[0081] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0082] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen production system for ammonia decomposition using inductive and exhaust gas coupled heating, characterized in that, include: An ammonia decomposition module includes an ammonia decomposition shell, a channel sealing structure, and multiple ammonia cracking tubes. The ammonia decomposition shell has an exhaust heating chamber inside. The multiple ammonia cracking tubes extend along a first direction and are disposed in the exhaust heating chamber. Each ammonia cracking tube has an ammonia decomposition heating chamber inside that has a heat exchange relationship with the exhaust heating chamber. The exhaust heating chamber has multiple fixed channels at one end in the first direction that correspond one-to-one with the multiple ammonia cracking tubes along the axial direction. The channel sealing structure is used to close and open the multiple fixed channels. An inductive heating module includes a plurality of inductive coils spirally arranged along the first direction and a drive mechanism that is pulsatorically connected to the plurality of inductive coils. The plurality of inductive coils are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of fixed channels. The drive mechanism is used to drive the plurality of inductive coils to reciprocate between a first position and a second position along the first direction. When the multiple inductors are in the first position, the inductors move to the outside of the ammonia decomposition shell, and the channel sealing structure closes the multiple fixed channels; when the multiple inductors are in the second position, the channel sealing structure opens the multiple fixed channels, the inductors extend from the fixed channels into the exhaust heating chamber, and the inductors are sleeved on the outer periphery of the ammonia cracking tube, the ammonia cracking tube being a metal component serving as the magnetic core of the inductors; The exhaust heating chamber is provided with a high-temperature exhaust pipe extending along the first direction. The outer periphery of the high-temperature exhaust pipe and the inner peripheral wall of the exhaust heating chamber form an annular high-temperature exhaust channel. The pipe wall of the high-temperature exhaust pipe is provided with a high-temperature exhaust hole communicating with the high-temperature exhaust channel. One end of the high-temperature exhaust pipe is provided with a high-temperature exhaust inlet, and the high-temperature exhaust channel is provided with a high-temperature exhaust outlet. Multiple ammonia cracking tubes are arranged in a ring around the high-temperature exhaust pipe in the high-temperature exhaust channel; The ammonia decomposition heating chamber is provided with an ammonia gas baffle extending along the axial direction. The ammonia gas baffle divides the ammonia decomposition heating chamber into an ammonia gas decomposition channel close to the high-temperature exhaust pipe and an ammonia gas preheating channel away from the high-temperature exhaust pipe. The ammonia gas preheating channel and the ammonia gas decomposition channel are connected in a U-shape. One end of the ammonia cracking pipe is blocked, and the other end of the ammonia cracking pipe is provided with a gas outlet connected to the ammonia gas decomposition channel and a gas inlet connected to the ammonia gas preheating channel.

2. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonia decomposition shell has a gas inlet / outlet chamber at one end away from the fixed channel. The gas inlet / outlet chamber is equipped with an annular gas partition plate, which is connected to the end of the ammonia baffle plate. The gas partition plate divides the gas inlet / outlet chamber into a liquid ammonia vaporization chamber connected to the gas inlet and a mixed gas collection chamber connected to the gas outlet. The liquid ammonia vaporization chamber has an ammonia gas inlet to be decomposed, and the mixed gas collection chamber has a mixed gas outlet. The mixed gas collection chamber and the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber have a heat exchange relationship through a partition wall.

3. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-temperature exhaust inlet is located at the end of the high-temperature exhaust pipe away from the fixed channel, and the high-temperature exhaust inlet is connected to a high-temperature exhaust inlet pipe that passes through the mixed gas collection chamber. The end of the high-temperature exhaust pipe near the fixed channel is connected to the inner wall of the exhaust heating chamber. The outer peripheral wall of the high-temperature exhaust pipe is evenly distributed with multiple high-temperature exhaust holes, and the diameter of the multiple high-temperature exhaust holes gradually increases from the high-temperature exhaust inlet pipe toward the fixed channel.

4. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid ammonia vaporization chamber is provided with multiple ammonia gas baffles to be decomposed. The multiple ammonia gas baffles to be decomposed are respectively located near the gas inlet of the ammonia gas to be decomposed. One end of the ammonia gas baffle is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the gas partition plate, and the other end of the ammonia gas baffle is curved in an arc shape towards the side of the gas flow direction inside the liquid ammonia vaporization chamber. The gas inlet is located between the ammonia gas baffle and the gas partition plate. The bending length of the multiple ammonia gas baffles to be decomposed gradually decreases in the direction away from the ammonia gas inlet.

5. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner circumferential wall of the exhaust heating chamber is provided with multiple outer ring baffles, and the outer wall of the high-temperature exhaust pipe is provided with multiple inner ring baffles. The outer ring baffles and inner ring baffles are arranged alternately along the first direction to form a serpentine high-temperature exhaust channel.

6. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The channel sealing structure includes a rotating base plate rotatably mounted on the outer end of the ammonia decomposition shell. The rotating base plate is provided with multiple rotating channels and multiple blocking parts. The rotating base plate has a first rotating position and a second rotating position. When the rotating base plate is in the first rotating position, the multiple rotating channels correspond one-to-one with the multiple fixed channels to open the multiple fixed channels. When the rotating base plate is in the second rotating position, the multiple blocking parts correspond one-to-one with the multiple fixed channels to close the multiple fixed channels.

7. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism includes a gear guide rail extending along the first direction, a coil base plate slidably mounted on the gear guide rail, a motor mounted on the coil base plate, a drive gear connected to the output shaft of the motor, and a rack provided on the gear guide rail. The drive gear meshes with the rack, and a plurality of the inductor coils are mounted on the coil base plate.

8. A control method, characterized in that: The control method, applicable to the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprises: During the cold start phase, multiple fixed channels are opened and multiple inductor coils are moved into the exhaust heating chamber, so that the inductor coils are sleeved on the outer periphery of the ammonia cracking tubes, and the multiple ammonia cracking tubes are inductively heated in stages. When the multiple ammonia cracking tubes are heated to a predetermined reaction temperature, ammonia gas is controlled to be introduced into the ammonia decomposition heating chamber in the multiple ammonia cracking tubes, and decomposed to produce hydrogen gas under the action of the ammonia cracking catalyst, and then delivered to the ammonia internal combustion engine for starting. Control the movement of the inductor coil to the outside of the ammonia decomposition shell, and control the sealing of multiple fixing channels; The high-temperature exhaust gas from the ammonia internal combustion engine is controlled to be introduced into the exhaust heating chamber to heat the multiple ammonia cracking tubes, providing the necessary thermal energy for ammonia decomposition.

Images