High-precision on-site long-distance pipe jacking measurement method
Through the combined triangulation method and laser instrument, the problem of measuring accuracy and wire layout of long-distance hoisting pipes in complex terrain is solved, and high-precision hoisting pipe construction is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510611974.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2025-02-08
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-25
AI Technical Summary
The existing long-distance pipe hoisting measurement methods have high measurement accuracy requirements and are inconvenient in complex terrain environments, making it difficult to ensure that the pipe hoisting machine accurately enters the holes and the pipeline center line meets the requirements of the construction drawings.
Triangulation method is used to perform above-ground plane and elevation control measurements, combined with precision instruments such as laser total station and laser level to ensure a unified coordinate system in the above-ground and underground space, monitor the offset of the center line of the top tube in real time, and process measurement data through special computer programs to reduce manual intervention.
The accuracy and calculation efficiency of pipe hoisting is improved, construction difficulty and labor costs are reduced, and the pipe is laid according to the design direction and the pipe is laid according to the design elevation.
Smart Images
Figure CN120368946A_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application with an application date of February 8, 2025 and an application number of 202510141572.X, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field
[0002] The present invention relates to the technical field of pipe jacking, and specifically to a high-precision on-site long-distance pipe jacking measurement method. Background Art
[0003] Long-distance pipe jacking construction is a pipeline technology for underground long-distance pipe jacking construction, mainly used for laying, replacing or repairing underground pipelines without excavation or with only a small number of working pits; long-distance pipe jacking construction has the characteristics of reducing interference to the ground, high construction efficiency, wide application range, environmental protection and energy saving, etc. Long-distance pipe jacking technology is widely used in the laying of urban drainage, water supply, gas and other pipelines; long-distance pipe jacking measurement is a key link in pipe jacking construction, which ensures the accurate entry of the pipe jacking machine into the hole and the center line of each section of the pipeline meets the requirements of the construction drawings; the existing long-distance pipe jacking measurement methods basically meet the requirements, but there are still some deficiencies. The existing pipe jacking measurement methods have high requirements for the layout and measurement accuracy of the traverse during the measurement process. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the measurement traverse is straight and the turning angle is reduced, which is inconvenient to use in the face of complex terrain environments; therefore, it is necessary to design a high-precision on-site long-distance pipe jacking measurement method. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a high-precision on-site long-distance pipe jacking measurement method to solve the problems raised in the above background art.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, on the one hand, this application provides the following technical solution: A high-precision on-site long-distance pipe jacking measurement method, including the following steps: Step 1, formulating a measurement plan; Step 2, detecting measurement instruments; Step 3, pipe jacking measurement; Step 4, measurement monitoring; Step 5, data collection and processing; Step 6, error calculation; Step 7, writing a measurement report.
[0006] Among them, in the above Step 1, according to the characteristics of on-site construction, a detailed measurement plan is formulated.
[0007] Among them, in the above Step 2, prepare the required measurement instrument equipment and conduct a trial test on the equipment to ensure that the equipment can operate normally.
[0008] Among them, in the above Step 3, measure the pipe jacking to ensure that the pipe jacking machine can accurately enter the hole, and at the same time ensure that the center line of each section of the pipeline strictly meets the requirements of the construction drawings.
[0009] In step 4 above, the measurement process is comprehensively monitored, and the measurement data is repeatedly reviewed to avoid errors caused by human factors.
[0010] In step 5 above, during the measurement process, the measurement data is collected and sorted out, and the data is processed.
[0011] In step 6 above, based on the processed data, the accuracy and error of the pipe jacking construction are calculated.
[0012] In step 7 above, the measurement process, measurement results and analysis conclusions are detailedly recorded, and the collected data and error calculation data are written and recorded to provide reliable data support for subsequent construction. At the same time, the data report is properly stored to prevent leakage.
[0013] As a further technical solution of this application, in step 1, the specific requirements are the measurement accuracy requirements and the layout of measurement points.
[0014] As a further technical solution of this application, in step 2, the instrument and equipment include: laser total station, laser level, laser theodolite and electronic laser target. The instrument and equipment are calibrated and verified to ensure the measurement accuracy.
[0015] As a further technical solution of this application, in step 3, the specific process of pipe jacking measurement is as follows: Ground plane control measurement, a series of control points with control functions are selected on the ground to form interconnected triangles and expand them into a network. The interior angles and side lengths of the triangles are measured with precision instruments, and then the coordinates of each point are calculated by computer; Ground elevation control measurement, the height difference between two points is obtained by observing the horizontal distance and zenith distance (vertical angle) between two points, which is used for the elevation connection measurement of plane control points.
[0016] As a further technical solution of this application, in step 3, the connection measurement between the ground and the underground transfers the plane coordinates and elevation datum on the ground to the underground space to ensure that the same coordinate system and elevation datum are adopted in the ground and underground spaces; Among them, for the plane connection measurement, the direct transfer method or the two-shaft orientation method is adopted to transfer the plane coordinates of the points on the well to the underground; For the elevation connection measurement, the method of suspending a steel tape is adopted to transfer the known elevation of the precision level point on the ground to the underground temporary level point.
[0017] As a further technical solution of this application, in step 3, the underground plane control measurement is carried out by the method of laying a traverse, ensuring that the traverse is laid out as an equilateral straight traverse. As the pipe jacking construction progresses, the underground pipe jacking through traverse points are successively laid out; For the underground elevation control measurement, 2 to 3 underground starting elevation control points are laid out in the well to carry out the transfer and measurement of elevation points.
[0018] As a further technical solution of this application, in step three, for the control measurement of the jacking pipe center line, during the jacking pipe construction process, it is necessary to track and measure the deviation of the jacking pipe center line in real time. The specific process is as follows: Center line lofting. According to the requirements of the pipeline on the design drawing, set up center line control piles at the front and rear of the working pit, and loft the jacking pipe direction piles by instruments such as laser total station.
[0019] As a further technical solution of this application, in step three, for the center line projection, use a cotton rope to hang a plumb bob to project the two directions at the edge of the working well to the bottom of the well, and use a laser level in the working well to aim at the two plumb bobs and read the scale of the center ruler at the front end to ensure that the jacking proceeds in the design direction.
[0020] As a further technical solution of this application, in step three, for the elevation measurement, set the level reference point into the working well, set up a laser level on the top iron, measure the elevation of the bottom of the front end of the pipe to ensure that the pipeline is laid according to the design elevation; input the measurement data into a special computer program to calculate the deviation values of the jacking pipe cutting edge and the tail of the machine head.
[0021] As a further technical solution of this application, in step five, the measurement data includes the coordinates, elevation, offset amount, etc. of the measurement points, and the collected data is processed, including data integration, data conversion, data grouping, data formatting, etc.
[0022] On the other hand, this application also provides a high-precision on-site long-distance jacking pipe measurement method, including:
[0023] Step one, determine the measurement plan according to the on-site construction data;
[0024] Step two, obtain the measurement instrument and equipment, and conduct a trial test on the measurement instrument and equipment to ensure that the measurement instrument and equipment can operate normally;
[0025] Step three, measure the jacking pipe to ensure that the jacking machine can accurately enter the preset hole, and at the same time make the center line of each section of the pipe meet the requirements of the construction drawings;
[0026] Step four, monitor the measurement process of the jacking pipe, and conduct multiple reviews on the measured data;
[0027] Step five, during the measurement process of the jacking pipe, collect and sort out the measured data, and process the measured data to obtain the processed data;
[0028] Step six, calculate the accuracy and error of the jacking pipe construction according to the processed data;
[0029] Among them, in step one, the on-site construction data includes the measurement accuracy requirements and the layout of the measurement points;
[0030] Among them, in the second step, the instrument and equipment include: laser total station, laser level, laser theodolite and electronic laser target. Calibrate and demarcate the instrument and equipment to ensure the measurement accuracy;
[0031] Among them, the third step includes determining multiple control points with control functions on the ground. The multiple control points form interconnected triangles and expand into a network. Measure the interior angles and side lengths of the triangles, and then determine the coordinates of the multiple control points; Calculate the elevation difference between two control points by observing the horizontal distance and zenith distance between two points. The elevation difference between the two control points is used for the elevation connection measurement of plane control points; Adopt one of the direct transmission method and the two-shaft orientation method to transfer the plane coordinates and elevation datum on the ground to the underground space, ensuring that the above-ground space and the underground space adopt the same coordinate system and elevation datum; Adopt the suspended steel tape method to transfer the known elevation of the above-ground precision level point to the underground temporary level point;
[0032] Adopt the method of laying traverse to conduct underground plane control survey, ensuring that the traverse is laid out as an equilateral straight extension traverse. As the pipe jacking construction progresses, successively lay out underground pipe jacking through traverse points; Set up 2 or 3 underground starting elevation control points in the shaft to conduct the transfer and measurement of elevation points;
[0033] During the pipe jacking construction process, continuously track and measure the deviation of the pipe jacking center line. The specific process is as follows: According to the requirements of the preset pipeline, drive center line control piles at the front and back of the working pit, and set out the pipe jacking direction piles through the laser total station; Use a cotton rope to hang a plumb bob to project the two directions at the edge of the working well to the bottom of the well, and use a laser level in the working well to aim at the two plumb bobs and read the scale of the center ruler at the front end to ensure that the pipe jacking machine proceeds in the design direction; Introduce the level datum point into the working well, set up a laser level on the jacking iron of the pipe jacking machine, and measure the elevation of the bottom of the front end of the pipe jacking to ensure that the pipeline is laid at the design elevation; Calculate the deviation values of the pipe jacking cut and the head and tail of the pipe jacking machine through the measurement data.
[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: For a high-precision on-site long-distance pipe jacking measurement method, ground plane and elevation control measurements are carried out through triangulation. The direction control accuracy is high, and measurements can be effectively completed when the terrain fluctuates greatly, reducing the difficulty of construction measurement; the measurement data is calculated through a dedicated computer program, which improves the calculation efficiency, reduces calculation errors, and effectively reduces labor costs; different data are merged into a consistent data storage through data integration, facilitating subsequent analysis and calculation; the data is converted into a form that can be received by computing devices through data conversion for subsequent processing; the data is effectively grouped according to relevant information through data grouping, facilitating better organization and management of the data; the data is converted into a format suitable for specific algorithms through data formatting, improving the calculation efficiency of pipe jacking measurement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0035] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the method of this application. SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS
[0036] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of this application.
[0037] Please refer to the appendix Figure 1 , an embodiment provided by this application: A high-precision on-site long-distance pipe jacking measurement method includes the following steps: Step 1, formulating a measurement plan; Step 2, detecting measurement instruments; Step 3, pipe jacking measurement; Step 4, measurement monitoring; Step 5, data collection and processing; Step 6, error calculation; Step 7, writing a measurement report;
[0038] Among them, in the above Step 1, a detailed measurement plan is formulated according to the characteristics of on-site construction; the specific requirements are measurement accuracy requirements, layout of measurement points, etc.;
[0039] Among them, in the above Step 2, the required measurement instrument equipment is prepared, and the equipment is tested to ensure that the equipment can operate normally; the instrument equipment includes: laser total station, laser level, laser theodolite, electronic laser target, and the equipment is calibrated and verified to ensure measurement accuracy; in an exemplary embodiment, a control terminal can also be prepared, and the control terminal is connected to the above laser total station, laser level, laser theodolite, and electronic laser target (it can be a wired connection or a wireless connection). The control terminal can obtain the data detected by these instrument devices through this connection, and can also control these instrument devices through this connection.
[0040] In the above step 3, the jacking pipe is measured to ensure that the jacking machine can accurately enter the hole, and at the same time ensure that the center line of each section of the pipe strictly meets the requirements of the construction drawings. The specific process of jacking pipe measurement is as follows:
[0041] Ground plane control measurement: Select a series of control points with control functions on the ground, form interconnected triangles and expand them into a network, measure the interior angles and side lengths of the triangles with precision instruments, and then calculate the coordinates of each point through a computer. Among them, the above-mentioned multiple control points are evenly distributed on the ground. Specifically, the coordinates of each control point can be calculated based on the interior angles and lengths of the triangles. Among them, the computer can be the above-mentioned control terminal, which can obtain the interior angles and side lengths of the triangles measured by the total station through connection with the total station, and then the control terminal can calculate the coordinates of each control point based on the interior angles and side lengths of the triangles.
[0042] Ground elevation control measurement: The elevation difference between two points is obtained by observing the horizontal distance and zenith distance (vertical angle) between the two points, which can be used for the elevation connection measurement of plane control points in areas with large topographic undulations. Among them, the two points can refer to two control points.
[0043] Ground and underground connection measurement: Through certain methods and technical means, transfer the plane coordinates and elevation benchmarks on the ground to the underground space to ensure that the same coordinate system and elevation benchmark are adopted in the ground and underground spaces. Among them, for plane connection measurement, the direct transfer method or the two-shaft orientation method is adopted to transfer the plane coordinates of the above-ground points to the underground. In an exemplary embodiment, the process of transferring the plane coordinates of the target above-ground point among multiple above-ground points includes:
[0044] 1. Convert the plane coordinates of the target above-ground point to the plane coordinates of the first underground point by using the direct transfer method.
[0045] 2. Convert the plane coordinates of the target above-ground point to the plane coordinates of the second underground point by using the two-shaft orientation method.
[0046] 3. Obtain the first coordinate difference between the plane coordinates of the first underground point and the plane coordinates of the second underground point.
[0047] 4. If the first coordinate difference between the plane coordinates of the first underground point and the plane coordinates of the second underground point is greater than or equal to the target coordinate difference, then convert the plane coordinates of the target above-ground point to the plane coordinates of the third underground point again by using the direct transfer method, and obtain the second coordinate difference between the plane coordinates of the third underground point and the plane coordinates of the second underground point.
[0048] 5. If the second coordinate difference is greater than or equal to the target coordinate difference, re-convert the plane coordinates of the target well upper point into the plane coordinates of the fourth well lower point by the two-shaft orientation method, and obtain the third coordinate difference between the plane coordinates of the third well lower point and the plane coordinates of the fourth well lower point.
[0049] 6. If the third coordinate difference is less than or equal to the target coordinate difference, obtain the first average coordinate of the plane coordinates of the third well lower point and the plane coordinates of the fourth well lower point, and use this first average coordinate as the plane coordinate of the well lower point corresponding to the plane coordinates of the target well upper point.
[0050] 7. If the first coordinate difference between the plane coordinates of the first well lower point and the plane coordinates of the second well lower point is less than or equal to the target coordinate difference, obtain the second average coordinate of the plane coordinates of the first well lower point and the plane coordinates of the second well lower point, and use this average coordinate as the plane coordinate of the well lower point corresponding to the plane coordinates of the target well upper point.
[0051] For elevation connection survey, the method of suspending a steel tape is adopted to transfer the known elevation of the ground precision level point to the underground temporary level point.
[0052] For underground plane control survey, the method of laying a connecting traverse is adopted to ensure that the connecting traverse is laid out as an equilateral straight traverse. As the pipe jacking construction progresses, the underground pipe jacking through traverse points are successively laid out. Among them, after the pipe jacking machine advances a preset distance each time (this preset distance can be related to the length of a section of pipe jacking. Exemplarily, this preset distance can be 0.9 times to 1.1 times the length of a section of pipe jacking), the pipe jacking through traverse points are laid out on the inner wall of the pipe jacking that enters the hole. When laying out the pipe jacking through traverse points, the pipe jacking joints and grouting holes can be avoided to ensure the stability of the pipe jacking through traverse points.
[0053] For underground elevation control survey, 2 to 3 underground starting elevation control points are laid out underground for elevation point transfer and measurement. Among them, the underground starting elevation control points can be laid out in the stable area underground, and this stable area can include the backseat wall of the working pit or the pipe jacking operation platform. In this way, it can be avoided that the underground starting elevation control points come into contact with the jacking equipment, preventing vibration disturbance and improving the stability of the underground starting elevation control points.
[0054] Center line control measurement of pipe jacking: During the pipe jacking construction process, it is necessary to track and measure the deviation of the pipe jacking center line in real time. The specific process is as follows: Center line lofting, according to the requirements of the pipeline on the design drawing, drive center line control piles at the front and back of the working pit respectively, and loft the pipe jacking direction piles through instruments such as laser total stations; Center line projection, use a cotton rope to hang a plumb bob to project the two directions at the edge of the working well to the bottom of the well, and use a laser level in the working well to aim at the two plumb bobs in the two directions at the edge of the working well, and read the scale of the center ruler at the front end of the laser level to ensure that the pipe jacking machine advances in the design direction; Among them, when there is a deviation between the pipe jacking and the design direction, the deviation of the pipe jacking direction can be gradually corrected by adjusting the deviation correction cylinder of the pipe jacking machine or the stroke of the main jack of the pipe jacking machine. Exemplarily, the direction of the pipe jacking machine can be corrected once every 1 / n of the length of the pipe jacking machine, so as to avoid a serious impact on the pipe jacking operation when correcting the direction of the pipe jacking machine greatly, resulting in the risk that the pipe jacking operation is difficult to continue. Among them, n can be determined based on the advancing speed of the pipe jacking machine. Exemplarily, the advancing speed of the pipe jacking machine is positively correlated with n, that is, when the advancing speed of the pipe jacking machine is faster, n will be larger, and when the advancing speed of the pipe jacking machine is slower, n will be smaller. For example, n is 5, 4, 3, 2 or 1.
[0055] Elevation measurement: Set the level reference point into the working well, install a laser level on the jacking iron of the pipe jacking machine, measure the elevation of the bottom of the front end of the pipe jacking, and ensure that the pipeline is laid according to the design elevation; Input the measurement data into a special computer program to calculate the deviation values of the pipe jacking cut and the head and tail of the pipe jacking machine; Among them, the laser level can be connected to a control terminal (this connection can be a wired connection or a wireless connection), and the laser level can send the measured measurement data to the control terminal through this connection. The control terminal has the above computer program, and then the deviation values of the pipe jacking cut and the head and tail of the pipe jacking machine can be calculated through this computer program.
[0056] In the above step 4, the measurement process is comprehensively monitored, and the measurement data is repeatedly verified to avoid errors caused by human factors. Specifically, during the verification, the height difference between two control points obtained from the ground plane control measurement, the plane coordinates of the underground points obtained from the connection measurement between the ground and the underground, the underground temporary level point obtained from the elevation connection measurement, the underground pipe jacking through wire points obtained from the underground plane control measurement, the elevation of the underground starting elevation control points obtained from the underground elevation control measurement, the offset data of the pipe jacking center line obtained from the pipe jacking center line control measurement, and the deviation values of the pipe jacking cutting edge and the tail of the pipe jacking machine head obtained from the elevation measurement can be verified. During the verification, new parameters can be re-obtained through the operations when determining these original parameters, and these original parameters are compared with the new parameters. If the difference between the original parameters and the new parameters is less than or equal to 5% of the original parameters, it indicates that the verification is successful. At this time, one of the original parameters and the new parameters can be used as the final parameter for recording and storage. If the difference between the original parameters and the new parameters is greater than 5% of the original parameters, it indicates that the verification fails, and data errors may be caused by human factors. At this time, the corresponding parameters can be re-obtained through the above steps. In this way, errors caused by human factors can be avoided.
[0057] In the above step 5, during the measurement process, the measurement data is collected and sorted out, and the data is processed. The measurement data includes the coordinates of the measurement points, the elevation of the measurement points, and the offset of the measurement points, etc. Processing the collected data includes data integration, data conversion, data grouping, and data formatting, etc.
[0058] In the above step 6, the accuracy and error of the pipe jacking construction are calculated based on the processed data.
[0059] In the above step 7, the measurement process, measurement results, and analysis conclusions are detailedly recorded, and the collected data and error calculation data are written and recorded to provide reliable data support for subsequent construction. At the same time, the data report is properly stored to prevent leakage.
[0060] In addition, the present application also provides a high-precision on-site long-distance pipe jacking measurement method, including:
[0061] Step 1, determine the measurement plan according to the on-site construction data;
[0062] Step 2, obtain the measurement instrument and equipment, and conduct a trial test on the measurement instrument and equipment to ensure that the measurement instrument and equipment can operate normally;
[0063] Step 3, measure the pipe jacking to ensure that the pipe jacking machine can accurately enter the preset hole, and at the same time make the center line of each pipe section meet the requirements of the construction drawings;
[0064] Step 4: Monitor the measurement process of the pipe jacking and repeatedly verify the measured data.
[0065] Step 5: During the measurement process of the pipe jacking, collect and organize the measured data, and process the measured data to obtain the processed data.
[0066] Step 6: Calculate the accuracy and error of the pipe jacking construction based on the processed data.
[0067] Among them, in Step 1, the on-site construction data includes the measurement accuracy requirements and the layout of the measurement points.
[0068] Among them, in Step 2, the instrument and equipment include: laser total station, laser level, laser theodolite, and electronic laser target. Calibrate and verify the instrument and equipment to ensure the measurement accuracy.
[0069] Among them, Step 3 includes: Determine multiple control points with control functions on the ground. The multiple control points form interconnected triangles and expand into a network. Measure the interior angles and side lengths of the triangles, and then determine the coordinates of the multiple control points; Calculate the elevation difference between two control points by observing the horizontal distance and zenith distance between two points. The elevation difference between two control points is used for the elevation connection measurement of the plane control points; Use one of the direct transmission method and the two-shaft orientation method to transfer the plane coordinates and elevation benchmarks on the ground to the underground space to ensure that the above-ground space and the underground space adopt a unified coordinate system and elevation benchmark; Use the suspended steel tape method to transfer the known elevation of the above-ground precision level point to the underground temporary level point.
[0070] Adopt the method of laying a traverse to conduct underground plane control measurement to ensure that the traverse is laid out as an equilateral straight extension traverse. As the pipe jacking construction progresses, successively lay out the underground pipe jacking through-traverse points; Set up 2 or 3 underground starting elevation control points in the well to conduct the transfer and measurement of elevation points.
[0071] During the pipe jacking construction process, continuously track and measure the deviation of the pipe jacking center line. The specific process is as follows: According to the requirements of the preset pipeline, drive center line control piles in front of and behind the working pit, and set out the pipe jacking direction piles through a laser total station; Use a cotton rope to hang a plumb bob to project the two directions on the side of the working well to the bottom of the well, and use a laser level in the working well to aim at the two plumb bobs and read the scale of the center ruler at the front end to ensure that the pipe jacking machine proceeds in the designed direction; Introduce the level reference point into the working well, set up a laser level on the jacking iron of the pipe jacking machine, and measure the elevation of the bottom of the front end of the pipe jacking to ensure that the pipeline is laid at the designed elevation; Calculate the deviation values of the pipe jacking cutting edge and the tail of the pipe jacking head through the measurement data.
[0072] Working principle: When in use, ground plane and elevation control measurements are carried out by triangulation method. The direction control accuracy is high, and it can effectively complete the measurement when the terrain fluctuates greatly, reducing the difficulty of construction survey. The measurement data is calculated by a dedicated computer program, which improves the calculation efficiency, reduces the calculation error, and effectively reduces the labor cost at the same time. Different data are merged into a consistent data storage through data integration, which is convenient for subsequent analysis and calculation. The data is converted into a form that can be received by the computing device through data conversion for subsequent processing. The data is effectively grouped according to relevant information through data grouping, which is convenient for better organizing and managing the data. The data is converted into a format suitable for a specific algorithm through data formatting, improving the calculation efficiency of pipe jacking measurement.
[0073] In addition, since the control terminal provided by the embodiment of the present application is connected to a laser total station, a laser level, a laser theodolite, and an electronic laser target, the control terminal can then obtain various different data collected by these instrument devices based on the connection and merge these data into the memory of the control terminal for subsequent analysis and calculation. In addition, the control terminal can also convert the obtained data into a form that can be received by other computing devices through data conversion, so that other devices can also process the data obtained by the method provided by the embodiment of the present application. The control terminal can also group the obtained data. For example, it can be grouped based on different time periods of the obtained data, and the data obtained every preset duration (the preset duration can be 5 minutes, 10 minutes, or 60 minutes, etc.) is a group. Or it can be grouped based on the type of data. For example, the data collected by one instrument device is a group, that is, the data collected by the laser total station is a group of data, and the data collected by the laser level is another group of data, etc.
[0074] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claimed rights.
Claims
1. A high-precision on-site long-distance pipe jacking measurement method, comprising the following steps: Step 1, formulating a measurement plan; Step 2, inspecting measurement instruments; Step 3, measuring the jacking pipe; Step 4, measuring and monitoring; Step 5, collecting and processing data; Step 6, calculating errors; Step 7, writing a measurement report; characterized in that: In the above-mentioned Step 1, according to the characteristics of on-site construction, a detailed measurement plan is formulated; In the above-mentioned Step 2, prepare the required measurement instrument equipment and conduct a trial inspection on the equipment to ensure that the equipment can operate normally; In the above-mentioned Step 3, measure the jacking pipe to ensure that the jacking pipe machine can accurately enter the hole, and at the same time ensure that the center line of each section of the pipe strictly meets the requirements of the construction drawings; In the above-mentioned Step 4, conduct a comprehensive monitoring of the measurement process and conduct multiple reviews of the measurement data to avoid errors caused by human factors; In the above-mentioned Step 5, during the measurement process, collect and sort out the measurement data and process the data; In the above-mentioned Step 6, calculate the accuracy and error of the jacking pipe construction based on the processed data; In the above-mentioned Step 7, record in detail the measurement process, measurement results and analysis conclusions, and write and record the collected data and error calculation data to provide reliable data support for subsequent construction. At the same time, properly store the data report to prevent leakage.
2. A high-precision on-site long-distance pipe jacking measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above-mentioned Step 1, the specific requirements are the measurement accuracy requirements and the layout of measurement points.
3. A high-precision on-site long-distance pipe jacking measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above-mentioned Step 2, the instrument equipment includes: laser total station, laser level, laser theodolite and electronic laser target. Calibrate and calibrate the instrument equipment to ensure the measurement accuracy.
4. A high-precision on-site long-distance pipe jacking measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above-mentioned Step 3, the specific process of measuring the jacking pipe is as follows: ground plane control measurement, select a series of control points with control functions on the ground, form interconnected triangles and expand them into a network, use precise instruments to measure the interior angles and side lengths of the triangles, and then calculate the coordinates of each point through a computer; ground elevation control measurement, calculate the height difference between two points by observing the horizontal distance and zenith distance between two points, and use it for the elevation connection measurement of plane control points.
5. A high-precision on-site long-distance pipe jacking measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above-mentioned Step 3, the connection measurement between the ground and the underground transfers the plane coordinates and elevation benchmarks on the ground to the underground space to ensure that the same coordinate system and elevation benchmark are adopted in the ground and underground spaces; among them, for plane connection measurement, the direct transmission method or the two-shaft orientation method is adopted to transfer the plane coordinates of the points on the well to the underground; for elevation connection measurement, the method of suspending a steel tape is adopted to transfer the known elevation of the precise level point on the ground to the underground temporary level point.
6. The high-precision on-site long-distance pipe jacking measurement method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the above-mentioned Step 3, for underground plane control measurement, the method of laying a connecting traverse is adopted to ensure that the traverse is laid out as an equilateral straight-extended traverse. As the jacking pipe construction progresses, underground jacking pipe through-traverse points are successively laid out; for underground elevation control measurement, 2 to 3 underground starting elevation control points are laid out underground for the transfer and measurement of elevation points.
7. A high-precision on-site long-distance pipe jacking measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above-mentioned Step 3, for the center line control measurement of the jacking pipe, during the jacking pipe construction process, it is necessary to track and measure the offset of the center line of the jacking pipe in real time. The specific process is as follows: center line lofting, according to the requirements of the pipeline on the design drawing, drive center line control piles in front of and behind the working pit, and loft the jacking pipe direction pile through a laser total station; In Step 3, for the center line projection, use a cotton rope to hang a plumb bob to project two directions at the edge of the working well to the bottom of the well, and use a laser level in the working well to aim at the two plumb bobs and read the scale of the center ruler at the front end to ensure that the jacking is carried out in the designed direction.
8. A high-precision on-site long-distance pipe jacking measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In Step 3, for the elevation measurement, set the level reference point into the working well, set up a laser level on the top iron, measure the elevation of the bottom of the front end of the pipe to ensure that the pipe is laid at the designed elevation; input the measurement data into a dedicated computer program to calculate the deviation values of the pipe jacking cutting edge and the tail of the machine head.
9. The high-precision on-site long-distance pipe jacking measurement method according to claim 1, wherein: In Step 5, the measurement data includes the coordinates, elevation, and offset of the measurement points, and the collected data is processed, including data integration, data conversion, data grouping, and data formatting.
10. A high-precision on-site long-distance pipe jacking measurement method, characterized in that, It includes: Step 1, determine the measurement plan according to the on-site construction data; Step 2, obtain the measuring instruments and equipment, and conduct a trial test on the measuring instruments and equipment to ensure that the measuring instruments and equipment can operate normally; Step 3, measure the pipe jacking to ensure that the pipe jacking machine can accurately enter the preset hole, and at the same time make the center line of each pipe section meet the requirements of the construction drawings; Step 4, monitor the measurement process of the pipe jacking and conduct multiple reviews on the measured data; Step 5, during the measurement process of the pipe jacking, collect and sort out the measured data, and process the measured data to obtain the processed data; Step 6, calculate the accuracy and error of the pipe jacking construction according to the processed data; Among them, in Step 1, the on-site construction data includes the measurement accuracy requirements and the layout of the measurement points; Among them, in Step 2, the instruments and equipment include: laser total station, laser level, laser theodolite, and electronic laser target. Calibrate and verify the instruments and equipment to ensure the measurement accuracy; Among them, Step 3 includes determining multiple control points with control functions on the ground. The multiple control points form interconnected triangles and expand into a network. Measure the interior angles and side lengths of the triangles, and then determine the coordinates of the multiple control points; calculate the elevation difference between two control points by observing the horizontal distance and zenith distance between two points. The elevation difference between two control points is used for the elevation connection measurement of plane control points; use one of the direct transmission method and the two-shaft orientation method to transfer the plane coordinates and elevation reference on the ground to the underground space to ensure that the above-ground space and the underground space adopt a unified coordinate system and elevation reference; use the suspended steel tape method to transfer the known elevation of the precise level point on the ground to the underground temporary level point; Adopt the method of laying a traverse to conduct underground plane control measurement to ensure that the traverse is laid out as an equilateral straight extended traverse. As the pipe jacking construction progresses, successively lay out the underground pipe jacking through traverse points; set up 2 or 3 underground starting elevation control points in the well to conduct the transfer and measurement of elevation points; During the pipe jacking construction process, the deviation of the pipe jacking center line is measured in real time. The specific process is as follows: According to the requirements of the preset pipeline, center line control piles are driven in front of and behind the working pit, and the pipe jacking direction piles are set out by the total station instrument; The two directions at the edge of the working well are led to the bottom of the well by hanging a plumb bob with a cotton rope, and the laser level is used to aim at the two plumb bobs in the working well, and the scale of the center ruler at the front end is read to ensure that the pipe jacking machine operates in the designed direction; The level reference point is introduced into the working well, and a laser level is erected on the jacking iron of the pipe jacking machine to measure the elevation of the bottom of the front end of the pipe jacking to ensure that the pipeline is laid at the designed elevation; The deviation values of the pipe jacking cut and the tail of the pipe jacking machine head are calculated through the measured data.