Experimental device and method for simulating underground rock stratum pore seepage

Abstract

The invention discloses an experimental device and method for simulating underground rock stratum pore seepage, and belongs to the field of hydraulic rock seepage. Comprising an experimental platform, and a water delivery system, a seepage system, a monitoring system and a forming system which are mounted on the experimental platform, and the water delivery system is used for providing constant-pressure water flow for the seepage system; the forming system is used for changing the curve shape of a seepage channel in the seepage system; the seepage system is used for forming seepage on the porous medium through a seepage channel which is formed by the forming system and is in a given curve shape under the action of constant-pressure water flow; and the monitoring system is used for monitoring the water content, pressure and flow change of a seepage channel in the seepage system. The shape of the seepage channel can be changed, the shape of the seepage channel can be flexibly adjusted according to different geological conditions, the seepage conditions in special geological structures such as karst caves and fracture staggering are more accurately simulated, and the experimental result is closer to the actual seepage state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of seepage of hydraulic engineering rocks, and particularly relates to an experimental device for simulating pore seepage of underground rock formations. Background Art

[0002] Studying the seepage characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide in formations is of great significance for efficient oil recovery, geological carbon dioxide sequestration, etc. However, due to the complex pore structure of porous media in rock formations, it is difficult to reveal the physical phenomena and transport laws in porous media. In addition, it is very difficult to observe the seepage of supercritical carbon dioxide in actual formations. Supercritical carbon dioxide is often in an underground environment with high temperature, high pressure, and high corrosiveness, which requires extremely high requirements for observation equipment. Conventional instruments are difficult to work stably, are prone to failure or generate measurement errors. Therefore, indoor experiments can be used to simulate the seepage of supercritical carbon dioxide in real formations. At present, the seepage test device has the disadvantages of a single pore structure and simplified boundary conditions, and it is difficult to reflect the characteristics of the real formation structure, thereby affecting the understanding of the seepage law of supercritical carbon dioxide in porous media.

[0003] The seepage process of supercritical carbon dioxide in formations is complex and changeable. The seepage channels in natural underground rock formations are significantly anisotropic, with different dips, lengths, thicknesses, directions, and connectivity. However, the seepage channels in existing experimental devices are often simple straight lines or regular grids, which cannot truly reflect the tortuosity, roughness of the actual seepage channels, as well as the complex intersection and connectivity between fractures, resulting in the flow characteristics of seepage not conforming to the actual situation. Therefore, there is an urgent need to invent a seepage test device that can truly reflect the structure of underground rock formations in order to achieve the purpose of studying the seepage characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide in formations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Object of the Invention: In order to overcome the problem that the seepage channels in existing experimental devices are often simple straight lines or regular grids, which cannot truly reflect the tortuosity, roughness of the actual seepage channels, as well as the complex intersection and connectivity between fractures, resulting in the flow characteristics of seepage not conforming to the actual situation, the present invention provides a seepage device for simulating underground rock formation channels.

[0005] Technical Solution: To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An experimental device for simulating pore seepage of underground rock formations, comprising an experimental platform, and a water supply system, a seepage system, a monitoring system, and a forming system installed on the experimental platform, wherein:

[0007] The water supply system is used to provide a constant-pressure water flow to the seepage system.

[0008] The forming system is used to change the curve shape of the seepage channel in the seepage system.

[0009] The seepage system is used to form seepage in a porous medium through a seepage channel with a given curve shape formed by a forming system under the action of a constant-pressure water flow.

[0010] The monitoring system is used to monitor the changes in water content, pressure, and flow rate of the seepage channel in the seepage system.

[0011] Preferably, the seepage system includes an inlet baffle, a porous plate I, a porous plate II, a side panel I, a side panel II, an interface panel, a top panel, a bottom panel, and a porous medium, where:

[0012] The bottom panel is installed on the experimental platform, the top panel is located above the bottom panel, the side panel I and the side panel II are arranged between the bottom panel and the top panel, and the side panel I, the top panel, the side panel II, and the bottom panel enclose an "S"-shaped seepage channel. The side panel I, the side panel II, and the interface panel each include more than two thin plates and spherical hinges, and the adjacent two thin plates on each panel are connected by spherical hinges.

[0013] The porous medium is filled in the seepage channel in layers. The interface panel is used for layering the porous medium during filling in the seepage channel and is removed after filling. The interface panel is arranged between the side panel I and the side panel II, and the lower end of the interface panel is detachably connected to the bottom panel.

[0014] The inlet baffle is arranged at the inlet of the seepage channel, and a water injection port is arranged on the inlet baffle, and the water injection port is connected to the water delivery system.

[0015] The porous plate I is arranged between the inlet baffle and the inlet of the seepage channel, and the porous plate II is arranged at the outlet of the seepage channel.

[0016] Preferably, the forming system includes a monitoring unit, a processing unit, a control unit, and a track. The monitoring unit includes a light source emission component and a light source receiving screen. The control unit includes a longitudinal push-pull component and a transverse push-pull component. The track is installed on the experimental platform, and the transverse push-pull component is slidably installed on the track. The longitudinal push-pull component is used for longitudinally pushing and pulling the seepage channel and the transverse push-pull component, and the transverse push-pull component is used for transversely pushing and pulling the seepage channel. The longitudinal push-pull component includes a telescopic driving mechanism I and a connecting mechanism I. The fixed end of the telescopic driving mechanism I is fixedly installed on the experimental platform, and the telescopic end of the telescopic driving mechanism I is drivingly connected to the thin plate through the connecting mechanism I. The transverse push-pull component includes a telescopic driving mechanism II and a connecting mechanism II. The fixed end of the telescopic driving mechanism II is slidably installed on the track, and the telescopic end of the telescopic driving mechanism II is drivingly connected to the thin plate through the connecting mechanism II.

[0017] The light source emission component is fixed on the first connecting mechanism, and the light source receiving screen is placed above the control unit to receive the optical signal emitted by the light source emission device and obtain coordinates.

[0018] Preferably, the water delivery system includes a hydraulic component, a water injection pump, a first pipeline, a pressure water tank, a second pipeline, a check valve, and a butterfly valve. The hydraulic component is used to pressurize the pressure water tank according to experimental requirements. The water injection pump is connected to the pressure water tank through the first pipeline, and a check valve is provided on the first pipeline. The water injection pump is used to inject water into the pressure water tank. The pressure water tank is connected to the water injection port of the seepage system through the second pipeline, and a butterfly valve is provided on the second pipeline. The pressure water tank is used to supply water to the seepage system.

[0019] Preferably, the monitoring system includes a host computer, a first pressure sensor, an electromagnetic flowmeter, a second pressure sensor, and a soil moisture monitor. The first pressure sensor is arranged on the pressure water tank, the electromagnetic flowmeter is arranged on the second pipeline between the pressure water tank and the seepage system, the second pressure sensor is arranged on the seepage channel, and the soil moisture monitor is arranged on the top panel of the seepage system. The host computer is respectively communicatively connected to the first pressure sensor, the electromagnetic flowmeter, and the second pressure sensor.

[0020] Preferably, it includes a water stop system for preventing the device from leaking.

[0021] Preferably, the water stop system includes a flexible waterproof layer provided between two adjacent thin plates.

[0022] Preferably, the curve shape function of the seepage channel:

[0023] y = asin(b×x) c +d(0.1×x) 2 ;

[0024] where y represents the ordinate, x represents the abscissa, a, b, and d represent coefficients, and c represents an exponent.

[0025] Preferably, the top panel and the bottom panel are transparent glass plates.

[0026] Preferably, the porous medium is filled with soil, sand, and gravel materials in layers to simulate the multi-layer pore structure of underground sedimentary rock layers.

[0027] Another object of the present invention is to provide an experimental method for simulating pore seepage in underground rock layers, including the following steps:

[0028] Step 1, install a water delivery system, a monitoring system, and a forming system on the experimental platform.

[0029] Step 2: Install the bottom panel on the experimental platform, place the first side panel and the second side panel on the bottom panel, and drive-connect the telescopic end of the first telescopic driving mechanism of the forming system to the thin plate of the first side panel through the first connecting mechanism. Drive-connect the telescopic end of the first telescopic driving mechanism on the other side of the forming system to the thin plate of the second side panel through the first connecting mechanism.

[0030] Step 3: Obtain the horizontal and vertical coordinates of each control point according to the initial state of the seepage channel to be formed and the curve shape of the seepage channel to be formed through the curve shape function of the seepage channel, and determine the positioning point coordinates of the first side panel and the second side panel according to the horizontal and vertical coordinates of each control point.

[0031] Step 4: According to the positioning point coordinates of the first side panel and the second side panel, the forming system controls the horizontal push-pull assembly and the vertical push-pull assembly to push the first side panel and the second side panel to the corresponding positioning points, obtaining the curve shape of the seepage channel to be formed.

[0032] Step 5: Install the dividing interface panel on the bottom panel by passing screws through the top of the dividing interface panel, and the dividing interface panel is located between the first side panel and the second side panel, stratifying the space between the first side panel and the second side panel to form a stratified seepage channel.

[0033] Step 6: Set a flexible waterproof layer at the gap between the thin plates 1 of the first side panel and the second side panel, and set a flexible waterproof layer at the gap between the first side panel, the second side panel and the bottom panel.

[0034] Step 7: Place the porous medium in each layer of the stratified seepage channel according to the seepage requirements until it is slightly higher than the first side panel and the second side panel. Then remove the screws from the top of the dividing interface panel and pull out the dividing interface panel from the stratified seepage channel. Remove the excess porous medium from the stratified seepage channel again until the porous medium is flush with the first side panel and the second side panel.

[0035] Step 8: Install the top panel on the first side panel and the second side panel, and set a flexible waterproof layer at the gap between the top panel and the first side panel and the second side panel, thereby obtaining a stratified seepage channel filled with porous medium.

[0036] Step 10: Connect the water supply system to the water injection port of the seepage system, and provide a constant-pressure water flow to the seepage system through the water supply system.

[0037] Step 11: Set the first pressure sensor of the monitoring system on the pressure water tank, set the electromagnetic flowmeter on the second pipeline between the pressure water tank and the seepage system, set the second pressure sensor on the seepage channel, set the soil moisture monitor on the top panel of the seepage system, and the upper computer is respectively communicatively connected to the first pressure sensor, the electromagnetic flowmeter, and the second pressure sensor. Real-time monitor the water content, pressure and flow rate changes in the seepage channel of the seepage system through the monitoring system.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] The seepage channels of the present invention can flexibly adjust the curve shape, and can flexibly adjust the shape of the seepage channels according to different geological conditions, more accurately simulate the seepage conditions in special geological structures such as karst caves and intersecting fissures, and make the experimental results closer to the actual seepage state. Improve the authenticity and reliability of the experimental results.

[0040] The present invention integrates the functions of water conveyance, shaping, seepage and monitoring, and multiple systems work together. It not only simplifies the experimental operation process, but also can achieve all-round dynamic monitoring and precise control of the seepage process, significantly improving the experimental efficiency and the integrity of data collection.

[0041] The experimental device of the present invention adopts a split architecture (water conveyance - shaping - seepage - monitoring), which decomposes the entire seepage experimental system into multiple modules with independent functions and flexible replaceability. Each module is independently designed and operates in coordination. This design concept of functional decoupling and modular coordination enables the device to adapt to different experimental needs and at the same time reduces the use and maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 is the overall layout diagram of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the water conveyance system of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the seepage system of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the side panel of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 is the schematic diagram of the inlet baffle and the porous baffle of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the shaping system of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of the connection device and the light source emission device of the present invention.

[0049] Description of the reference numerals:

[0050] 1 - Thin plate, 2 - Spherical hinge, 100 - Water delivery system, 101 - Hydraulic component, 102 - Water injection pump, 103 - Pipe 1, 104 - Pressure water tank, 105 - Pipe 2, 106 - Check valve, 107 - Butterfly valve, 108 - Exhaust valve, 200 - Seepage system, 201 - Water injection port, 202 - Inlet baffle, 2031 - Porous plate 1, 2032 - Porous plate 2, 2041 - Side panel 1, 2042 - Side panel 2, 205 - Interface panel, 206 - Top panel, 207 - Bottom panel, 208 - Porous medium, 300 - Water stop system, 301 - Waterproof layer, 400 - Monitoring system, 401 - Host computer, 4011 - Pressure sensor 1, 402 - Electromagnetic flowmeter, 4012 - Pressure sensor 2, 403 - Soil moisture monitor, 500 - Molding system, 501 - Monitoring unit, 5011 - Light source emission component, 5012 - Light source receiving screen, 502 - Processing unit, 503 - Control unit, 5031 - Longitudinal push - pull component, 5032 - Transverse push - pull component, 504 - Track, 5051 - Telescopic drive mechanism 1, 5052 - Telescopic drive mechanism 2, 5061 - Connecting mechanism 1, 5062 - Connecting mechanism 2. Detailed implementation mode

[0051] The present invention will be further clarified below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, various equivalent forms of modification by those skilled in the art fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application.

[0052] An experimental device for simulating pore seepage in underground rock formations, as Figure 1-7 shown, includes an experimental platform, and a water delivery system 100, a seepage system 200, a monitoring system 400, and a molding system 500 installed on the experimental platform, where:

[0053] The water delivery system 100 is used to provide a constant - pressure water flow to the seepage system 200.

[0054] The molding system 500 is used to change the curve shape of the seepage channels in the seepage system 200.

[0055] The seepage system 200 is used to form seepage through the seepage channels with a given curve shape formed by the molding system 500 in the porous medium 104 under the action of a constant - pressure water flow.

[0056] The monitoring system 400 is used to monitor the changes in water content, pressure, and flow rate of the seepage channels in the seepage system 200.

[0057] In another embodiment, the seepage system 200 includes an inlet baffle 202, a first porous plate 2031, a second porous plate 2032, a first side panel 2041, a second side panel 2042, an interface plate 205, a top panel 206, a bottom panel 207, and a porous medium 208, where:

[0058] The bottom panel 207 is installed on the experimental platform, the top panel 206 is located above the bottom panel 207, the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042 are arranged between the bottom panel 207 and the top panel (206), and the first side panel 2041, the top panel 206, the second side panel 2042, and the bottom panel 207 enclose an "S"-shaped seepage channel. The first side panel 2041, the second side panel 2042, and the interface plate 205 each include two or more thin plates 1 and spherical hinges 2. The spherical hinges 2 can be flipped 360°, and two adjacent thin plates 1 on each panel are connected by the spherical hinges 2.

[0059] Angle steels 209 for reinforcement are arranged on the outer sides of the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042. In another embodiment, the top panel 206 and the bottom panel 207 are transparent glass plates.

[0060] The porous medium 208 is filled in the seepage channel in layers. In another embodiment, the porous medium 208 is filled with soil, sand, and gravel materials in layers to simulate the multi-layer pore structure of underground sedimentary rock formations. The interface plate 205 is used for layering the porous medium 208 during filling in the seepage channel and is removed after filling. The interface plate 205 is arranged between the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042, and the lower end of the interface plate 205 is detachably connected to the bottom panel 207. The detachable connection methods include snap connection, bolt connection, screw connection, etc. In one embodiment, screw connection is adopted, and the upper surface of the bottom panel 207 and the lower end of the interface plate 205 are connected by screws. A partition plate (205) is arranged between the first side panel (2041) and the second side panel (2042), thereby forming a multi-channel structure. The partition plate (205) will be removed after the pore medium is formed to ensure inter-layer mutual seepage.

[0061] The inlet baffle 202 is arranged at the inlet of the seepage channel, and a water injection port 201 is arranged on the inlet baffle 202. The water injection port 201 is connected to the water delivery system 100.

[0062] The first porous plate 2031 is arranged between the inlet baffle 202 and the inlet of the seepage channel, and the second porous plate 2032 is arranged at the outlet of the seepage channel.

[0063] In another embodiment, the shaping system 500 includes a monitoring unit 501, a processing unit 502, a control unit 503, and a track 504. The monitoring unit 501 includes a light source emitting component 5011 and a light source receiving screen 5012. There are two control units 503, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042, and are used to adjust the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042 respectively. The control unit 503 includes a longitudinal push-pull component 5031 and a transverse push-pull component 5032. The track 504 is installed on the experimental platform, and the transverse push-pull component 5032 is slidably installed on the track 504. The longitudinal push-pull component 5031 is used to longitudinally push and pull the seepage channel and the transverse push-pull component 5032, and the transverse push-pull component 5032 is used to laterally push and pull the seepage channel. The longitudinal push-pull component 5031 includes a first telescopic driving mechanism 5051 and a first connecting mechanism 5061. The fixed end of the first telescopic driving mechanism 5051 is fixedly installed on the experimental platform, and the telescopic end of the first telescopic driving mechanism 5051 is drivingly connected to the thin plate 1 through the first connecting mechanism 5061. The longitudinal push-pull component 5031 is connected to the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042 through the first connecting mechanism 5061, and is used to move and fix the two end points of the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042, so that the lengths of the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042 change. The transverse push-pull component 5032 is slidably installed on the track 504 and can be moved according to requirements. The transverse push-pull component 5032 is connected to the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042 through a second connecting mechanism 5052, and moves and fixes the middle node positions of the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042, such as the quarter points, to limit the degree of lateral deformation of the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042 and obtain the target shape, that is, an irregular S shape. The light source emitting component 5011 is fixed on the first connecting structure 5061, and the light source receiving screen 5012 is placed above the control unit, and is used to receive the optical signal emitted by the light source emitting device 5011 and obtain coordinates.

[0064] The transverse push-pull component 5032 includes a second telescopic driving mechanism and a second connecting mechanism. The fixed end of the second telescopic driving mechanism is slidably installed on the track 504, and the telescopic end of the second telescopic driving mechanism is drivingly connected to the thin plate 1 through the second connecting mechanism.

[0065] The light source emitting component 5011 is fixed on the connecting mechanism 5061, and the light source receiving screen 5012 is placed above the control unit, and is used to receive the optical signal emitted by the light source emitting device 5011 and obtain coordinates.

[0066] In another embodiment, the water delivery system 100 includes a hydraulic component 101, a water injection pump 102, a first pipeline 103, a pressure water tank 104, a second pipeline 105, a check valve 106, and a butterfly valve 107. The hydraulic component 101 is used to pressurize the pressure water tank 104 according to experimental requirements. The water injection pump 102 is connected to the pressure water tank 104 through the first pipeline 103. A check valve 106 is provided on the first pipeline 103. The water injection pump 102 is used to inject water into the pressure water tank 104. The pressure water tank 104 is connected to the water injection port 201 of the seepage system 200 through the second pipeline 105. A butterfly valve 107 is provided on the second pipeline 105. The pressure water tank 104 is used to supply water to the seepage system 200. An exhaust valve 108 is provided on the pressure water tank 104.

[0067] In another embodiment, the monitoring system 400 includes a host computer, a first pressure sensor 4011, an electromagnetic flowmeter 402, a second pressure sensor 4012, and a soil moisture monitor 403. The first pressure sensor 4011 is arranged on the pressure water tank 104. The electromagnetic flowmeter 402 is arranged on the second pipeline 105 between the pressure water tank 104 and the seepage system 200. The second pressure sensor 4012 is arranged on the seepage channel. The soil moisture monitor 403 is arranged on the top panel 206 of the seepage system 200. The host computer is communicatively connected to the first pressure sensor 4011, the electromagnetic flowmeter 402, and the second pressure sensor 4012 respectively.

[0068] In another embodiment, a water stop system 300 is included. The water stop system 300 is used to prevent the device from leaking. The water stop system 300 includes a flexible waterproof layer 301. The flexible waterproof layer 301 is arranged between two adjacent thin plates 1. Specifically, the flexible waterproof layer 301 is arranged at the joints between the inlet baffle 202, the first perforated plate 2031, the second perforated plate 2032 and the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042 in the seepage system. The waterproof layer 301 is arranged at the joints between the top panel 206 and the bottom panel 207 and the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042 in the seepage system. The waterproof layer 301 is arranged at the joints between each thin plate 1 of the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042.

[0069] In another embodiment, the curve shape function of the seepage channel:

[0070] y = asin(b×x) c +d(0.1×x) 2 ;

[0071] where y represents the ordinate, x represents the abscissa, a, b, and d represent coefficients, and c represents an exponent.

[0072] Specifically, changing the function parameters of the moving trajectory of the thin plate 1 can change the curve shape. The parameter values are as follows:

[0073]

[0074]

[0075] In addition, a controls the amplitude and is adjusted according to the length of the dividing panel.

[0076] An experimental method for simulating pore seepage in underground rock formations includes the following steps:

[0077] Step 1: Install a water supply system 100, a monitoring system 400, and a forming system 500 on the experimental platform.

[0078] Step 2: Install the bottom panel 207 on the experimental platform. Place the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042 on the bottom panel 207. Connect the telescopic end of the first telescopic driving mechanism 5051 of the forming system 500 to the thin plate 1 of the first side panel 2041 through the first connecting mechanism 5051 for driving connection. Connect the telescopic end of the first telescopic driving mechanism 5051 on the other side of the forming system 500 to the thin plate 1 of the second side panel 2042 through the first connecting mechanism 5051 for driving connection.

[0079] Step 3: Determine the initial state of the seepage channel to be formed. The light source emission component 5011 can irradiate the seepage channel and project it onto the light source receiving screen 5012, and the initial state of the seepage channel to be formed can be obtained through the light source receiving screen 5012; according to the initial state of the seepage channel to be formed and the curve shape of the seepage channel to be formed, the horizontal and vertical coordinates of each control point are obtained through the curve shape function of the seepage channel, and the positioning point coordinates of the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042 are determined according to the horizontal and vertical coordinates of each control point.

[0080] Step 4: The forming system 500 controls the horizontal pushing and pulling component 5032 and the vertical pushing and pulling component 5031 to push the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042 to the corresponding positioning points according to the positioning point coordinates of the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042, so as to obtain the curve shape of the seepage channel to be formed.

[0081] During the forming process, turn on the light source emission component 5011, and obtain the forming coordinates in real time through the light source receiving screen 5012. The forming coordinates obtained in real time are used to correct the forming coordinates during the forming process, so that the forming is more accurate.

[0082] Step 5, install the interface panel 205 on the bottom panel 207 by passing screws through the top of the interface panel 205. The interface panel 205 is located between the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042, and the space between the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042 is stratified to form a stratified seepage channel.

[0083] Step 6, set a flexible waterproof layer 301 at the gap between the thin plates 1 of the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042, and set a flexible waterproof layer 301 at the gap between the first side panel 2041, the second side panel 2042 and the bottom panel 207.

[0084] Step 7, place the porous medium 208 in each layer of the stratified seepage channel according to the seepage requirements until it is slightly higher than the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042. Then remove the screws from the top of the interface panel 205 and pull out the interface panel 205 from the stratified seepage channel. Remove the excess porous medium 208 from the stratified seepage channel again until the porous medium 208 is flush with the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042.

[0085] Step 8, install the top panel 206 on the first side panel 2041 and the second side panel 2042, and set a flexible waterproof layer 301 at the gap between the top panel 206 and the first side panel 2041, the second side panel 2042, thereby obtaining a stratified seepage channel filled with a porous medium.

[0086] Step 10, connect the water delivery system 100 to the water injection port 201 of the seepage system 200, and supply a constant-pressure water flow to the seepage system 200 through the water delivery system 100.

[0087] Step 11, set the first pressure sensor 4011 of the monitoring system 400 on the pressure water tank 104, set the electromagnetic flowmeter 402 on the second pipeline 105 between the pressure water tank 104 and the seepage system 200, set the second pressure sensor 4012 on the seepage channel, set the soil moisture monitor 403 on the top panel 206 of the seepage system 200, and the upper computer is respectively communicatively connected to the first pressure sensor 4011, the electromagnetic flowmeter 402, and the second pressure sensor 4012. Real-time monitor the water content, pressure and flow changes in the seepage channel of the seepage system 200 through the monitoring system 400.

[0088] When the present invention is formed, first, the side panel is straightened and placed. The processing unit calculates the target curve to obtain the coordinates of the starting point, the ending point, and the middle node positions (such as the quarter points). Then, the control unit is connected to the side panel through the connection mechanism. The monitoring unit is used to obtain the current coordinates of the connection point. The detection unit transmits the data to the processing unit. The processing unit calculates the direction and distance to be moved according to the current coordinates and the target coordinates. The processing unit transmits the calculation result to the control unit. The control unit controls the first longitudinal push-pull component to push the starting point to the target point and fixes the starting point according to the direction and distance to be displaced. Then comes the first middle node. The first transverse push-pull component moves it to the target point and fixes the first middle node. The subsequent nodes are the same. The curve type changes according to the change of the function parameters.

[0089] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental device for simulating pore seepage in underground rock formations, characterized in that, It includes an experimental platform, as well as a water delivery system (100), a seepage system (200), a monitoring system (400) and a shaping system (500) installed on the experimental platform, where: The water delivery system (100) is used to provide a constant-pressure water flow to the seepage system (200); The shaping system (500) is used to change the curve shape of the seepage channels in the seepage system (200); The seepage system (200) is used to form seepage through a porous medium (104) via seepage channels with a given curve shape formed by the shaping system (500) under the action of a constant-pressure water flow; The monitoring system (400) is used to monitor the changes in water content, pressure and flow rate of the seepage channels in the seepage system (200).

2. The experimental device for simulating pore seepage of underground rock formations according to claim 1, wherein: The seepage system (200) includes an inlet baffle (202), a first porous plate (2031), a second porous plate (2032), a first side panel (2041), a second side panel (2042), a dividing panel (205), a top panel (206), a bottom panel (207), and a porous medium (208), where: The bottom panel (207) is installed on the experimental platform, the top panel (206) is located above the bottom panel (207), the first side panel (2041) and the second side panel (2042) are arranged between the bottom panel (207) and the top panel (206), and the first side panel (2041), the top panel (206), the second side panel (2042), and the bottom panel (207) enclose an "S"-shaped seepage channel; the first side panel (2041), the second side panel (2042), and the dividing panel (205) each include two or more thin plates (1) and spherical hinges (2), and the adjacent two thin plates (1) on each panel are connected by spherical hinges (2); The porous medium (208) is filled in the seepage channel in layers; the dividing panel (205) is used for layering the porous medium (208) during filling in the seepage channel and is removed after filling; the dividing panel (205) is arranged between the first side panel (2041) and the second side panel (2042), and the lower end of the dividing panel (205) is detachably connected to the bottom panel (207); The inlet baffle (202) is arranged at the inlet of the seepage channel, and a water injection port (201) is provided on the inlet baffle (202), and the water injection port (201) is connected to the water delivery system (100); The first porous plate (2031) is arranged between the inlet baffle (202) and the inlet of the seepage channel, and the second porous plate (2032) is arranged at the outlet of the seepage channel.

3. The experimental device for simulating pore seepage in underground rock formations according to claim 2, wherein: The forming system (500) includes a monitoring unit (501), a processing unit (502), a control unit (503), and a track (504). The monitoring unit (501) includes a light source emitting component (5011) and a light source receiving screen (5012); the control unit (503) includes a longitudinal push-pull component (5031) and a transverse push-pull component (5032). The track (504) is installed on the experimental platform, and the transverse push-pull component (5032) is slidably installed on the track (504); the longitudinal push-pull component (5031) is used for longitudinally pushing and pulling the seepage channel and the transverse push-pull component (5032), and the transverse push-pull component (5032) is used for transversely pushing and pulling the seepage channel; the longitudinal push-pull component (5031) includes a first telescopic driving mechanism (5051) and a first connecting mechanism (5061). The fixed end of the first telescopic driving mechanism (5051) is fixedly installed on the experimental platform, and the telescopic end of the first telescopic driving mechanism is drivingly connected to the thin plate (1) through the first connecting mechanism (5051); the transverse push-pull component (5032) includes a second telescopic driving mechanism (5052) and a second connecting mechanism (5062). The fixed end of the second telescopic driving mechanism (5052) is slidably installed on the track (504), and the telescopic end of the second telescopic driving mechanism (5052) is drivingly connected to the thin plate (1) through the second connecting mechanism (5062). The light source emitting component (5011) is fixed on the first connecting mechanism (5061). The light source receiving screen (5012) is placed above the control unit and is used to receive the optical signal emitted by the light source emitting device (5011) to obtain coordinates.

4. The experimental device for simulating pore seepage in underground rock formations according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water supply system (100) includes a hydraulic component (101), a water injection pump (102), a first pipe (103), a pressure water tank (104), a second pipe (105), a check valve (106), and a butterfly valve (107). The hydraulic component (101) is used to pressurize the pressure water tank (104) according to the experimental requirements. The water injection pump (102) is connected to the pressure water tank (104) through the first pipe (103). A check valve (106) is provided on the first pipe (103). The water injection pump (102) is used to inject water into the pressure water tank (104). The pressure water tank (104) is connected to the water injection port (201) of the seepage system (200) through the second pipe (105). A butterfly valve (107) is provided on the second pipe (105). The pressure water tank (104) is used to supply water to the seepage system (200). An exhaust valve (108) is provided on the pressure water tank (104).

5. The experimental device for simulating pore seepage in underground rock formations according to claim 4, characterized in that: The monitoring system (400) includes a host computer, a first pressure sensor (4011), an electromagnetic flowmeter (402), a second pressure sensor (4012), and a soil moisture monitor (403). The first pressure sensor (4011) is disposed on a pressure water tank (104). The electromagnetic flowmeter (402) is disposed on a second pipeline (105) between the pressure water tank (104) and the seepage system (200). The second pressure sensor (4012) is disposed on a seepage channel. The soil moisture monitor (403) is disposed on the top panel (206) of the seepage system (200). The host computer is communicatively connected to the first pressure sensor (4011), the electromagnetic flowmeter (402), and the second pressure sensor (4012) respectively.

6. The experimental device for simulating pore seepage in underground rock formations according to claim 5, characterized in that: It includes a water stop system (300), and the water stop system (300) is used to prevent the device from leaking.

7. The experimental device for simulating pore seepage in underground rock formations according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water stop system (300) includes a flexible waterproof layer (301), and the flexible waterproof layer (301) is disposed between two adjacent thin plates (1).

8. The experimental device for simulating pore seepage of underground rock formations according to claim 7, wherein: The curve shape function of the seepage channel: y = a sin(b × x) c + d(0.1 × x) 2 ; Wherein, y represents the ordinate, x represents the abscissa, a, b, and d represent coefficients, and c represents an exponent.

9. The experimental device for simulating pore seepage in underground rock formations according to claim 8, characterized in that: The porous medium (208) is filled with soil, sand, and gravel materials in layers to simulate the multi-layer pore structure of underground sedimentary rock formations.

10. An experimental method for simulating pore seepage in underground rock formations, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1, install a water delivery system (100), a monitoring system (400), and a forming system (500) on the experimental platform; Step 2, install the bottom panel (207) on the experimental platform, place the first side panel (2041) and the second side panel (2042) on the bottom panel (207), and drive-connect the telescopic end of the first telescopic drive mechanism (5051) of the forming system (500) to the thin plate (1) of the first side panel (2041) through a connecting mechanism (5051); drive-connect the telescopic end of the first telescopic drive mechanism (5051) on the other side of the forming system (500) to the thin plate (1) of the second side panel (2042) through a connecting mechanism (5051); Step 3, obtain the abscissas and ordinates of each control point according to the initial state of the seepage channel to be formed and the curve shape function of the seepage channel to be formed, and determine the coordinate of the positioning point of the first side panel (2041) according to the abscissas and ordinates of each control point; Step 4, the forming system (500) controls the horizontal push-pull assembly (5032) and the vertical push-pull assembly (5031) to push the first side panel (2041) and the second side panel (2042) to the corresponding positioning points according to the coordinate of the positioning point of the first side panel (2041) and the second side panel (2042), so as to obtain the curve shape of the seepage channel to be formed; Step 5, install the dividing panel (205) on the bottom panel (207) by passing screws through the top of the dividing panel (205), and the dividing panel (205) is located between the first side panel (2041) and the second side panel (2042), and layer the space between the first side panel (2041) and the second side panel (2042) to form a layered seepage channel; Step 6, a flexible waterproof layer (301) is provided at the gap between the thin plates 1 of the first side panel (2041) and the second side panel (2042), and a flexible waterproof layer (301) is provided at the gap between the first side panel (2041), the second side panel (2042) and the bottom panel (207); Step 7, place the porous medium (208) in each layer of the layered seepage channel according to the seepage requirements until it is slightly higher than the first side panel (2041) and the second side panel (2042); then remove the screws from the top of the interface panel (205) and pull out the interface panel (205) from the layered seepage channel; again, take out the excess porous medium (208) from the layered seepage channel until the porous medium (208) is flush with the first side panel (2041) and the second side panel (2042); Step 8, install the top panel (206) on the first side panel (2041) and the second side panel (2042), and provide a flexible waterproof layer (301) at the gap between the top panel (206) and the first side panel (2041), the second side panel (2042), thereby obtaining a layered seepage channel filled with a porous medium; Step 10, connect the water delivery system (100) to the water injection port (201) of the seepage system (200), and provide a constant pressure water flow to the seepage system (200) through the water delivery system (100); Step 11, set the first pressure sensor (4011) of the monitoring system (400) on the pressure water tank (104), set the electromagnetic flowmeter (402) on the second pipeline (105) between the pressure water tank (104) and the seepage system (200), set the second pressure sensor (4012) on the seepage channel, set the soil moisture monitor (403) on the top panel (206) of the seepage system (200), and the upper computer is respectively communicatively connected to the first pressure sensor (4011), the electromagnetic flowmeter (402), and the second pressure sensor (4012); monitor the changes in the water content, pressure, and flow rate of the seepage channel in the seepage system (200) in real time through the monitoring system (400).

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