In-situ degradation analysis device and method for high-temperature-high-humidity-water immersion circulating action environment

Abstract

The invention discloses an in-situ degradation analysis device and method for a high temperature-high humidity-water immersion circulating action environment, the device comprises: an environment treatment module, a water immersion treatment box with a water adding and draining pipe is installed in a sealed constant temperature and humidity box, a sample can be selectively immersed in water or leave the water surface through a lifting device, and the water immersion treatment box is connected with the environment treatment module; after leaving the water surface, water can be drained to prevent moisture evaporation from influencing temperature and humidity; a switching rod is mounted above the constant-temperature and constant-humidity chamber, a microscope and a thermal infrared imager are mounted on the switching rod, and an observation mirror is moved through the switching rod to observe different positions of a sample; the sample is lifted to the field depth range of the observation mirror through the lifting device, auxiliary focusing is carried out, and the microscope observes the surface change of the material after environmental treatment; the thermal imaging condition of the surface is observed by the thermal infrared imager; the program control module is used for controlling the temperature, the humidity and the water bath, realizing the function of adjusting circulation in different states, and controlling the lifting position of the sample, the switching of the microscopic device and the adjustment of the observation position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of degradation evaluation test and analysis during environmental service, and relates to the durability test technology of building coating materials in a multi-factor coupled environment. In particular, it relates to an in-situ degradation analysis device and method for a high-temperature - high-humidity - water immersion cyclic action environment, which can realize multi-environment coupled loading and synchronous microscopic / thermal field observation, and provide a dynamic in-situ monitoring means for the study of the degradation mechanism of materials during service. Background Art

[0002] During the service process, building coating materials are affected by different coupling modes of different environmental conditions in a cyclic manner. Especially in areas where natural factors such as high temperature, high humidity, and water immersion act repeatedly, the surface and internal structures are extremely prone to irreversible degradation, seriously affecting the durability, structural integrity, and service safety of the materials. For example, the high-temperature and high-humidity environment accelerates the penetration of moisture into the coating, promotes the hydrolysis and oxidation reactions of the coating matrix, and leads to a decline in the coating performance. At the same time, the periodic change of temperature causes the thermal expansion and contraction of the coating material, generates internal stress, and accelerates the cracking and peeling of the coating. In addition, the water immersion effect exacerbates the swelling, softening, and corrosion of the coating, making the coating more vulnerable to the erosion of the external environment.

[0003] Traditional weather resistance test methods for building materials, such as the accelerated aging method in a constant temperature and humidity chamber, the ultraviolet light irradiation cycle method, the water spray + high-temperature cycle, etc., although can simulate some single degradation mechanisms to a certain extent, often have the following deficiencies: the existing individual environmental devices cannot achieve long-term cyclic action, cannot in-situ observe and record the degradation process of building materials, have limited ability to identify microdefects on the material surface, and are difficult to realize the visualization and quantitative expression of the degradation process.

[0004] The prior art has also tried to use devices such as optical microscopes, scanning electron microscopes, Fourier transform infrared spectrometers, or infrared thermal imagers for the failure analysis research of building materials, and jointly reveal the material degradation process with the help of surface topography and thermal distribution information. However, these means usually rely on the comparative analysis of the states of the samples before and after the test, and cannot achieve dynamic and real-time in-situ observation during the process of environmental change. At the same time, the stability and resolution matching problems of devices such as infrared thermal imagers in high-temperature and high-humidity environments have not been fully solved. In addition, most of the current device systems for in-situ observation are of an open architecture, lacking the precise control ability of temperature, humidity, and water immersion environments, and unable to ensure the temporal consistency and reproducibility of environmental parameters. Moreover, there are often structural interferences in the physical coupling between the environmental regulation and observation devices, restricting the flexibility of the automated observation path and multi-point monitoring layout.

[0005] For example, Chinese Patent CN119164868A discloses a multi-environment coupling test and in-situ test analysis system for thermal control coatings, which realizes the linkage between the atomic oxygen / ultraviolet / thermal cycle coupling test and XPS analysis in a vacuum environment. However, there are obvious limitations in simulating the atmospheric complex environment of building coatings, and it is impossible to realize real-time crack observation during the water phase-gas phase conversion process. Another example is that CN119413700A discloses a method for analyzing the weather resistance of waterborne coatings under multi-environment conditions, but there is no detailed description of the specific test chambers for various environment conditions.

[0006] In summary, the existing building material deterioration analysis technology is still difficult to achieve real-time in-situ observation and data collection under the complex multi-environment coupling effect. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an in-situ deterioration analysis device and method that can simulate the cyclic action of different environments such as temperature, humidity, and water immersion, can find the cracks gradually accumulated in the coating under long-term environmental action through microscopic observation, and can observe the crack initiation process through an infrared thermal imaging device, so as to provide a quantitative analysis basis for the deterioration process of building coating materials, which is an urgent technical problem to be solved in the field of deterioration evaluation test analysis technology for the environmental service process of building materials. Summary of the Invention

[0007] (I) Object of the Invention Aiming at the above defects and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an in-situ deterioration analysis device and method for a high-temperature-high-humidity-water immersion cyclic action environment. By constructing a programmable experimental platform integrating environmental treatment, microscopic observation, and program control, it realizes the in-situ and real-time deterioration analysis of building coating materials under the cyclic action of various environmental factors such as high temperature, high humidity, and water immersion, can find the cracks gradually accumulated in the coating under long-term environmental action through microscopic observation, and can observe the crack initiation process through an infrared thermal imaging device, so as to provide a quantitative analysis basis for the deterioration process of building coating materials and provide technical support for improving the durability and service safety of building coating materials.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the object of the invention and solve its technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The first object of the present invention is to provide an in-situ deterioration analysis device for a high-temperature-high-humidity-water immersion cyclic action environment, which is used to simulate the surface deterioration process of building coating materials under multi-factor coupling environmental conditions and realize in-situ and real-time observation and analysis, and at least includes: Environmental treatment module, used to construct a sealed and controllable high-temperature - high-humidity - water immersion coupling cycle environment, including: a sealed constant temperature and humidity environmental chamber, used to provide stable and adjustable temperature and humidity conditions, with an observation port on its top plate, and the observation port is equipped with a glass window with high light transmittance; a water immersion treatment tank arranged inside the environmental chamber, equipped with a water addition and drainage pipe communicated with an external water source, used to realize programmed water addition and drainage operations; a sample lifting device arranged inside the water immersion treatment tank, used to carry and drive the sample to be tested to be immersed or lifted above the water surface, and after being lifted above the water surface, the water immersion treatment tank is emptied through the water addition and drainage pipe to prevent the evaporation of water from affecting the temperature and humidity stability inside the environmental chamber, and the sample lifting device is used to drive the sample to rise within the depth of field range of the observation device and assist in focusing; Microscopic observation module, used to conduct in-situ observation on the surface of the sample during the environmental treatment process, including a switching rod arranged above the constant temperature and humidity environmental chamber, on which a microscope and an infrared thermal imager are installed, respectively used to observe and obtain the microscopic structure and thermal distribution characteristics of the sample surface after the action of the environment, and the switching rod is configured as a two-degree-of-freedom moving mechanism that can move in two horizontal directions, front-back and left-right, and realizes the switching and movement between different observation positions of the two observation devices (microscope and thermal imager) on the sample surface through movement adjustment; Program control module, used to realize the coordinated control of multi-parameter environmental conditions, sample position and observation process, including: an environmental control sub-module, used to control the temperature and humidity parameters inside the environmental chamber and the water addition and drainage process of the water immersion treatment tank, and realize the cyclic adjustment of different states of high temperature, high humidity and water immersion; a device control sub-module, used to drive the sample lifting device and the switching rod to move, and realize the adjustment of the sample position and the switching and focusing between the microscope and the infrared thermal imager; a data acquisition and observation sub-module, used to start the acquisition and recording of microscopic images and thermal images at preset observation time points, and realize the in-situ observation and analysis of the sample deterioration process.

[0009] The second object of the present invention is to provide an in-situ deterioration analysis method for the cyclic action environment of building coating materials. Based on the above-mentioned in-situ deterioration analysis device for the high-temperature - high-humidity - water immersion cyclic action environment of the present invention, it at least includes the following steps: SS1. Sample preparation and initial observation: Fix the sample of the building coating material to be tested on the sample lifting device, adjust the microscope above the sample surface, conduct initial state microscopic observation and image acquisition, then switch to the infrared thermal imager, collect the initial thermal image of the sample, and record and store all data as the reference state; SS2. Environmental parameter setting: Set the temperature and duration of the high-temperature stage, the humidity and duration of the high-humidity stage, the soaking time of the water immersion stage, and the number of environmental cycles through the program control module, and set the observation time points and equipment switching logic during the environmental treatment process; SS3. High-temperature-high-humidity-water immersion environmental cycle treatment: Start the environmental cycle program, control the temperature and humidity conditions provided by the thermostatic and humidistatic environmental chamber according to the preset parameters, and at the same time control the water inlet and drainage processes of the water immersion treatment tank, so that the sample periodically switches between the high-temperature, high-humidity, and water immersion states according to the set program, realizing the multi-factor coupling environmental simulation effect; SS4. In-situ observation and image acquisition: When the environmental treatment reaches the preset observation time point, perform the drainage operation, then raise the sample to the observation position, move the microscope and the infrared thermal imager to the target area through the switching rod, and respectively collect the microscopic morphology map and the thermal field image of the material surface and record them; SS5. Image analysis and degradation information extraction: Compare the microscopic images and thermal images collected at each observation time point with the initial state, and use the data processing module to perform edge recognition, thermal anomaly analysis, and crack tracking on the collected images, extract the degradation-related characteristic parameters, and form a quantitative description result of the degradation process.

[0010] (III) Technical effects Compared with the existing technology, the in-situ degradation analysis device and method for the high-temperature-high-humidity-water immersion cyclic action environment of the present invention have the following beneficial and remarkable technical effects: (1) By constructing a thermostatic and humidistatic environmental chamber system with the ability of multi-factor coupling loading of high temperature, high humidity, and water immersion, the present invention can comprehensively simulate the influence of complex climate conditions on building coating materials in the actual use environment. Compared with the traditional single-factor test method, it can more truly reflect the degradation mechanism of materials under actual service conditions, and significantly improve the effectiveness and accuracy of material performance evaluation.

[0011] (2) The cooperative working mechanism of the sample lifting device and the water immersion treatment tank designed by the present invention enables the sample to be accurately switched between the water immersion environment and the observation position. At the same time, through the drainage operation and drying treatment, the stability of the sample surface state during the observation process is ensured; in addition, through the two-degree-of-freedom switching rod to control the precise positioning and switching of the microscope and the infrared thermal imager on the sample surface, and in cooperation with the sample lifting and autofocus device, the microscopic structure changes and thermal distribution characteristics of the sample surface can be clearly observed immediately after the high-temperature and high-humidity treatment, realizing continuous, real-time, in-situ, and multi-scale sampling of the degradation process.

[0012] (3) The present invention establishes a full - process scheduling mechanism based on a program control module, which supports highly customized environmental loading parameters, observation time points, image acquisition paths, and data - processing logics. It can achieve in - situ observation under multi - cycle, multi - sample, and long - term operating conditions. By combining with an image analysis module, quantitative extraction of key deterioration indicators such as crack propagation and thermal anomaly regions can be carried out, providing high - efficiency, high - consistency, and high - precision data support for the evaluation of the weather resistance of building materials and the study of failure mechanisms. Description of the Drawings

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the in - situ deterioration analysis device for the high - temperature - high - humidity - water immersion cyclic action environment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the sample lifting process during the use of the in - situ deterioration analysis device of the present invention. Among them, (A) is the state where the sample is immersed, (B) is the state where the sample is out of the water surface, and (C) is the state where the sample is at the observation position; Figure 3 It is a flowchart of the in - situ deterioration analysis method for the cyclic action environment of building coating materials of the present invention.

[0014] Description of the Reference Numerals: Environmental treatment module 100, constant - temperature and humidity chamber 110, top plate 111, glass window 112, water immersion treatment box 120, water addition and drainage pipe 121, bidirectional peristaltic pump 122, sample lifting device 130, temperature and humidity regulation sub - module 140, microscopic observation module 200, switching rod 210, microscope 220, infrared thermal imager 230, program control module 300, environmental control sub - module 310, device control sub - module 320, data acquisition and observation sub - module 330, external water source 400. Detailed Embodiments

[0015] The present invention aims to provide an in - situ deterioration analysis device and method for a high - temperature - high - humidity - water immersion cyclic action environment, which is used to simulate the surface deterioration process of building coating materials under multi - factor coupling environmental conditions and achieve in - situ and real - time observation and analysis. To make the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of the implementation of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them, and the described embodiments are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0016] Embodiment 1: In - situ Deterioration Analysis Device As a specific example, as Figure 1As shown in the figure, the in-situ degradation analysis device for the high-temperature, high-humidity and water immersion cyclic action environment of the building material coating provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes an environmental treatment module 100, a microscopic observation module 200, and a program control module 300. Specifically: In the environmental treatment module 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, a water immersion treatment box 120 with a water addition and drainage pipe 121 is installed in a sealed constant temperature and humidity box 110. The sample can be selected to be immersed in water or lifted out of the water surface through a sample lifting device 130. After being lifted out of the water surface, drainage can be carried out to prevent water evaporation from affecting the temperature and humidity. Specifically, in the environmental treatment module 100, the sealed constant temperature and humidity environmental box 110 is used to provide stable and adjustable temperature and humidity conditions. An observation port is provided on its top plate 111, and the observation port is equipped with a high light transmittance glass window 112; the water immersion treatment box 120 arranged in the environmental box 110 is equipped with a water addition and drainage pipe 121 communicated with an external water source 400, which is used to realize the water addition and drainage operations under program control; the sample lifting device 130 arranged in the water immersion treatment box 120 is used to carry and drive the sample to be tested to be immersed or lifted out of the water surface, and after being lifted above the water surface, the water immersion treatment box 120 is emptied through the water addition and drainage pipe 121 to prevent water evaporation from affecting the temperature and humidity stability in the environmental box 110, and the sample lifting device 130 is used to drive the sample to rise within the depth of field range of the observation device and assist in focusing.

[0017] In the microscopic observation module 200 of the embodiment of the present invention, it is used to perform in-situ observation on the surface of the sample during the environmental treatment process, including a switching rod 210 installed above the constant temperature and humidity environmental box 110. A microscope 220 and an infrared thermal imager 230 are installed on the switching rod 210. The observation mirror is moved to observe different positions of the sample through the two-degree-of-freedom moving device of the switching rod 210: the left-right and front-back movement of the observation mirror can be realized; the sample is lifted to within the depth of field range of the observation mirror through the sample lifting device 130 and assisted in focusing. The microscope 220 observes the surface changes of the material after environmental treatment; the infrared thermal imager 230 observes the thermal imaging situation on the surface; the switching rod 210 is configured as a two-degree-of-freedom moving mechanism that can move in two horizontal directions of front-back and left-right. Through movement adjustment, the switching and movement between different observation positions of the two observation devices (microscope 220 and thermal imager 230) on the surface of the sample are realized.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the sample lifting process during the use of the in-situ degradation analysis device of the present invention. As Figure 2As shown, during the lifting and lowering of the sample, the sample lifting device 130 drives the sample to be measured to move in the vertical direction to complete the switching of the following three key positions: (A) The sample is in the water immersion treatment state, at this time the sample is completely immersed in the water immersion treatment tank 120 to simulate the influence of long-term immersion in the service environment; (B) The sample has left the water surface. Through the lifting action of the sample lifting device 130 and the drainage control of the water adding and draining pipe 121, the water surface is lowered and the free water on the surface of the sample is removed to prevent the interference of water vapor evaporation on the stability of the temperature and humidity environment and the observation imaging; (C) The sample rises to the final observation position, aligns with the observation optical paths of the microscope 220 or the infrared thermal imager 230, and enters the effective depth of field range of the device. After automatic focusing under the command of the device control module, image acquisition is performed.

[0019] The program control module 300 in the embodiment of the present invention can control temperature, humidity, and whether there is a water bath. By setting the program, different state adjustment cycles can be realized, and the lifting and lowering position of the sample, the switching of the microscopic device, and the adjustment of the observation position can be controlled. It includes: an environment control sub-module 310, which is used to control the temperature and humidity parameters in the environmental chamber 110 and the water adding and draining process of the water immersion treatment tank 120 to realize the cyclic adjustment of different states such as high temperature, high humidity, and water immersion; a device control sub-module 320, which is used to drive the sample lifting device 130 and the switching rod 210 to move to realize the adjustment of the sample position and the switching and focusing between the microscope and the infrared thermal imager; a data acquisition and observation sub-module 330, which is used to start the acquisition and recording of microscopic images and thermal images at a preset observation time point to realize the in-situ observation and analysis of the sample deterioration process.

[0020] The implementation process of the in-situ deterioration analysis device of the present invention is as follows: Place the sample on the sample stage of the sample lifting device 130, adjust the positions of the microscope 220 and the infrared thermal imager 230 on the switching rod 210 to the initial positions, input parameters such as temperature, temperature holding time, humidity, humidity holding time, immersion time, and number of cycles in the program control module 300, input the observation time points during the environmental treatment process, click start, then the program controls the constant temperature, constant humidity, and water immersion cycle actions, drains the water before the fixed observation point, dries the moisture in the box body with a certain temperature, raises the sample to the observation window, determines the part of the sample to be observed by controlling the position of the switching rod 210 and the positions of the microscope 220 and the infrared thermal imager 230, and then takes pictures and records the sample after focusing by controlling the sample lifting device 130.

[0021] Preferably, a temperature and humidity adjustment sub-module 140 is further provided in the constant temperature and humidity environmental chamber 110, which includes a temperature and humidity sensor, a temperature regulator, and a humidity regulator. The temperature and humidity sensor is arranged at different spatial positions in the environmental chamber 110, and is used to collect the temperature and humidity data at multiple points inside the chamber in real time, and feedback the monitoring data to the environmental control sub-module 310. Both the temperature regulator and the humidity regulator are connected to the environmental control sub-module 310, and the temperature and humidity inside the chamber are adjusted in a closed-loop control manner to simulate different environmental temperature and humidity conditions.

[0022] Further, the temperature regulator in the temperature and humidity adjustment sub-module 140 preferably includes an electric heating wire and a hot air circulation component. When the sample is lifted above the water surface, the temperature regulator is started, and the surface of the sample after water immersion treatment is heat-dried through the electric heating wire to ensure that there is no free water on the surface of the sample during observation, preventing the interference of water on optical observation and thermal imaging. At the same time, the hot air circulation component is used to accelerate the evaporation of the water on the surface of the sample, shortening the conversion time of the sample from the water immersion state to the observation state.

[0023] Preferably, a water level sensor is provided in the water immersion treatment tank 120 for real-time monitoring of the water level height and identification of the water immersion state. A two-way peristaltic pump 122 is provided on the water addition and drainage pipe 121, which has the function of bidirectional driving for water injection and drainage. Both the water level sensor and the two-way peristaltic pump 122 are communicatively connected to the environmental control sub-module 310. Before performing water immersion loading, the environmental control sub-module 310 receives the feedback signal from the water level sensor and controls the two-way peristaltic pump 122 to inject water from an external water source 400 to a preset height. When the sample is lifted above the water surface, the control sub-module 310 controls the two-way peristaltic pump 122 to reverse and drain water until the water in the water immersion treatment tank 120 is emptied.

[0024] Preferably, a linear drive mechanism and a displacement sensor communicatively connected to the device control sub-module 320 are provided in the sample lifting device 130. The linear drive mechanism adopts an electric screw module or a linear slide structure, which is used to accurately control the lifting displacement of the sample in the vertical direction, and its lifting stroke range covers all the height intervals between the water immersion treatment area and the depth of field areas of the two observation devices. The displacement sensor adopts an absolute encoder or a laser displacement sensor, which is installed on the drive path and is used to monitor the actual lifting position of the sample in real time and feedback the displacement data to the control sub-module.

[0025] In a preferred example, the two-degree-of-freedom movement mechanism of the switching rod 210 includes an X-axis and a Y-axis electric slide table communicatively connected to the device control sub-module 320. The X-axis electric slide table is responsible for moving forward and backward, and the Y-axis electric slide table is responsible for moving left and right, and generates a movement instruction according to the sample position or the preset observation area path, realizing the switching and movement of the two observation devices between the target areas on the surface of the sample.

[0026] In a preferred example, the data acquisition and observation submodule 330 includes an image acquisition submodule and a data processing and analysis submodule, wherein the image acquisition submodule is respectively connected to the microscope 220 and the infrared thermal imager 230 for acquiring microscopic images and thermal imaging images of the sample under different environmental conditions and corresponding environmental parameter information; the data processing and analysis submodule operates in conjunction with the image acquisition submodule for performing noise filtering, image enhancement and edge recognition processing on the acquired images, identifying the crack morphology, size changes and thermal anomaly areas on the sample surface, and generating a data map associated with the environmental parameters.

[0027] In addition, the program control module 300 is preferably provided with a user interaction interface for setting experimental parameters, adjusting the running program, setting the observation time point and / or image acquisition frequency, supporting graphical parameter input and execution process generation, and supporting the export of experimental data and remote control functions.

[0028] In summary, Example 1 elaborates on the structural composition and working principle of the in-situ degradation analysis device in a high temperature-high humidity-water immersion cycle environment. The device simulates a complex environment through an environmental treatment module, realizes in-situ observation through a microscopic observation module, and coordinates the operation of various components through a program control module, providing an efficient and accurate analysis platform for the degradation research of building coating materials.

[0029] Example 2: In-situ degradation analysis method Based on the in-situ degradation analysis device for high temperature-high humidity-water immersion cycle environment described in the above embodiment 1, this embodiment further provides a supporting building coating material degradation analysis method, which realizes in-situ dynamic monitoring of materials under complex environmental coupling by programmatically controlling environmental cycle parameters and observation timing. Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the method comprises the following steps when implemented: SS1. Sample preparation and initial observations: The sample of the building coating material to be tested is fixed on the sample lifting device 130, and the microscope 220 is adjusted to above the sample surface to perform initial state microscopic observation and image acquisition, and then the infrared thermal imager 230 is switched to acquire the initial thermal image of the sample, and all data are stored as a reference state record; SS2. Environmental parameter settings: The program control module 300 is used to set the temperature and duration of the high temperature stage, the humidity and duration of the high humidity stage, the immersion time of the water immersion stage, and the number of environmental cycles, and to set the observation time point and equipment switching logic during the environmental treatment process; SS3. High temperature-high humidity-water immersion environment cycle treatment: Start the environmental cycle program, control the temperature and humidity chamber 110 according to the preset parameters to provide the set temperature and humidity conditions, and at the same time control the water inlet and drainage processes of the water immersion treatment tank, so that the sample periodically switches between high temperature, high humidity, and water immersion states according to the set program, realizing the multi-factor coupling environmental simulation effect; SS4. In-situ Observation and Image Acquisition: When the environmental treatment reaches the preset observation time point, perform the drainage operation, then raise the sample to the observation position, move the microscope and the infrared thermal imager to the target area through the switching rod 210, and collect the microscopic morphology map and the thermal field image of the material surface respectively and record them; SS5. Image Analysis and Deterioration Information Extraction: Compare the microscopic images and thermal images collected at each observation time point with the initial state, and use the data processing module to perform edge recognition, thermal anomaly analysis, and crack tracking on the collected images, extract the characteristic parameters related to deterioration, and form a quantitative description result of the deterioration process.

[0030] Preferably, in step SS1, the sample fixing process includes positioning and installing using a supporting sample tray. The sample tray is provided with a number identification and a limiting structure to ensure the consistency of the sample posture and the repeatable accessibility of the observation area position in multiple observation cycles; in the initial observation stage of the microscope 220 and the infrared thermal imager 230, the device control unit 320 in the program control module 300 drives the switching rod 210 to perform autofocusing and image clarity verification to optimize the initial image quality and determine the reference observation parameters.

[0031] Preferably, in step SS3, after the water immersion treatment stage and before the sample is raised to the observation position, the program control module 300 controls the execution of rapid heating and dehumidification treatment on the water immersion treatment tank and the sample surface to achieve the local discharge of high humidity gas, ensure that the dry state of the sample surface meets the subsequent thermal imaging conditions, and avoid the influence of the residual water film on the observation results.

[0032] Preferably, in step SS5, the image analysis process is executed by the data processing module, including using an edge detection-based image segmentation algorithm to extract the crack main axis contour line, using a time series difference algorithm to identify the crack propagation path, and performing clustering analysis on the thermal anomaly area near the crack tip based on the temperature gradient distribution area in the thermal image, and finally outputting a quantitative analysis result including crack length, average thermal expansion area, and multi-cycle trend diagram.

[0033] Example 2 above details an in-situ deterioration analysis method for the cyclic action environment of building coating materials based on the above in-situ deterioration analysis device. Through steps such as sample preparation, environmental parameter setting, cyclic treatment, in-situ observation, and image analysis, this method realizes the quantitative description and analysis of the material deterioration process. The adoption of the preferred solution further improves the accuracy and reliability of the method.

[0034] Through the above embodiments, the object of the present invention is completely and effectively achieved. Those skilled in the art can understand that the present invention includes but is not limited to the content described in the drawings and the above specific embodiments. Although the present invention has been described with respect to the currently considered most practical and preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, and any modifications that do not deviate from the functional and structural principles of the present invention will be included within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An in-situ deterioration analysis device for a high-temperature, high-humidity, and water immersion cyclic action environment, characterized in that At least including: An environmental treatment module, including: an airtight constant temperature and humidity environmental chamber for providing stable and adjustable temperature and humidity conditions, with an observation port provided on its top plate, and the observation port is equipped with a glass window with a high light transmittance; a water immersion treatment tank provided inside the environmental chamber, equipped with a water addition and drainage pipe communicated with an external water source; a sample lifting device provided inside the water immersion treatment tank for carrying and driving the sample to be tested to be immersed or lifted above the water surface, and after being lifted above the water surface, draining the water immersion treatment tank through the water addition and drainage pipe, and the sample lifting device is used to drive the sample to rise within the depth of field range of the observation device and assist in focusing; A microscopic observation module, including a switching rod provided above the constant temperature and humidity environmental chamber, on which a microscope and an infrared thermal imager are installed, respectively used to observe the microscopic structure and thermal distribution characteristics of the sample surface after the environmental action, and the switching rod is configured as a two-degree-of-freedom moving mechanism that moves in the horizontal direction, and realizes the switching and movement between different observation positions of the two observation devices on the sample surface by moving adjustment; A program control module, including: an environmental control sub-module for controlling the temperature and humidity parameters inside the environmental chamber and the water addition and drainage process of the water immersion treatment tank; a device control sub-module for driving the sample lifting device and the switching rod to move; a data acquisition and observation sub-module for starting the acquisition and recording of microscopic and thermal image images at preset observation time points, and realizing in-situ observation and analysis of the sample deterioration process.

2. The in-situ degradation analysis device for the high-temperature, high-humidity, and water immersion cyclic action environment according to claim 1, wherein, A temperature and humidity regulation sub-module is also provided inside the constant temperature and humidity environmental chamber, including a temperature and humidity sensor, a temperature regulator, and a humidity regulator. The temperature and humidity sensor is arranged at different spatial positions in the environmental chamber for real-time collecting the temperature and humidity data at multiple points inside the chamber body, and feeding back the monitoring data to the environmental control sub-module; both the temperature regulator and the humidity regulator are connected to the environmental control sub-module, and regulate the temperature and humidity inside the chamber by means of closed-loop regulation to simulate different environmental temperature and humidity conditions.

3. The in-situ deterioration analysis device for the high-temperature, high-humidity, and water immersion cyclic action environment according to claim 2, wherein The temperature regulator in the temperature and humidity regulation sub-module includes an electric heating wire and a hot air circulation component. When the sample is lifted above the water surface, the temperature regulator is started, and the surface of the water-immersed sample is thermally dried by the electric heating wire, and at the same time, the water evaporation on the sample surface is accelerated by the hot air circulation component.

4. The in-situ degradation analysis device for the high-temperature, high-humidity, and water immersion cyclic action environment according to claim 1, wherein, A water level sensor is provided inside the water immersion treatment tank for real-time monitoring of the water level height and identifying the water immersion state; a two-way peristaltic pump is provided on the water addition and drainage pipe, which has the functions of bidirectional driving for water injection and drainage, and both the water level sensor and the two-way peristaltic pump are communicatively connected to the environmental control sub-module; before performing water immersion loading, the environmental control sub-module receives the feedback signal from the water level sensor and controls the two-way peristaltic pump to inject water from an external water source to a preset height; when the sample is lifted above the water surface, the control sub-module controls the two-way peristaltic pump to reverse and drain water until the water in the water immersion treatment tank is emptied.

5. The in-situ degradation analysis device for the high-temperature, high-humidity, and water immersion cyclic action environment according to claim 1, wherein The sample lifting device includes a linear drive mechanism and a displacement sensor that are communicatively connected to the device control submodule, wherein the linear drive mechanism adopts an electric screw module or a linear slide structure to accurately control the lifting and lowering displacement of the sample in the vertical direction, and its lifting and lowering stroke range covers the entire height interval between the water immersion treatment area and the depth of field area of the two observation devices; the displacement sensor adopts an absolute encoder or a laser displacement sensor, which is installed on the driving path, and is used to monitor the actual lifting position of the sample in real time and feedback the displacement data to the control submodule.

6. The in-situ degradation analysis device for the high-temperature, high-humidity, and water immersion cyclic action environment according to claim 1, wherein The two-degree-of-freedom moving mechanism of the switching rod includes X-axis and Y-axis electric slides that are communicatively connected to the device control submodule. The X-axis electric slide is responsible for forward and backward movement, and the Y-axis electric slide is responsible for left and right movement. The movement instructions are generated according to the sample position or the preset observation area path to realize the switching and movement of the two observation devices between the target areas on the sample surface.

7. The in-situ degradation analysis device for the high-temperature, high-humidity, and water immersion cyclic action environment according to claim 1, characterized in that The data acquisition and observation submodule includes an image acquisition submodule and a data processing and analysis submodule, wherein the image acquisition submodule is respectively connected to the microscope and the infrared thermal imager for acquiring microscopic images and thermal imaging images of the sample under different environmental conditions and corresponding environmental parameter information; the data processing and analysis submodule operates in conjunction with the image acquisition submodule for performing noise filtering, image enhancement and edge recognition processing on the acquired image, identifying the crack morphology, size change and thermal anomaly area on the sample surface, and generating a data map associated with the environmental parameters.

8. The in-situ deterioration analysis device for the high-temperature, high-humidity, and water immersion cyclic action environment according to claim 1, wherein The program control module is also provided with a user interaction interface for setting experimental parameters, adjusting the running program, setting the observation time point and / or the image acquisition frequency, supporting graphical parameter input and execution process generation, and supporting the export of experimental data and remote control functions.

9. An in-situ deterioration analysis method for the cyclic action environment of a building coating material, based on the in-situ deterioration analysis device for the high-temperature - high-humidity - water immersion cyclic action environment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, At least the following steps are included: SS1. Sample preparation and initial observation: Fix the sample on the sample lifting device, adjust the microscope to above the sample surface, perform initial state microscopic observation and image acquisition, then switch to the infrared thermal imager to acquire the initial thermal image of the sample, and store all data as the baseline state record; SS2. Environmental parameter setting: Set the temperature and duration of the high temperature stage, the humidity and duration of the high humidity stage, the immersion time of the water immersion stage, and the number of environmental cycles through the program control module, and set the observation time point and equipment switching logic during the environmental treatment process; SS3. High temperature-high humidity-water immersion environmental cycle treatment: Start the environmental cycle program, control the constant temperature and humidity environmental chamber to provide the set temperature and humidity conditions according to the preset parameters, and control the water inlet and outlet process of the water immersion treatment chamber at the same time, so that the sample switches between high temperature, high humidity and water immersion states periodically according to the set program; SS4. In-situ observation and image acquisition: When the environmental treatment reaches the preset observation time point, the drainage operation is performed, and then the sample is raised to the observation position. The microscope and infrared thermal imager are moved to the target area by the switching rod, and the surface microscopic morphology and thermal field image of the material are collected and recorded respectively; SS5. Image analysis and extraction of deterioration information: Compare the microscopic images and thermal images collected at each observation time point with the initial state, and use the data processing module to perform edge recognition, thermal anomaly analysis, and crack tracking on the collected images, extract deterioration-related characteristic parameters, and form a quantitative description result of the deterioration process.

10. The in-situ deterioration analysis method for the cyclic action environment of the building coating material according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step SS1, the sample fixation process includes positioning and installing using a supporting sample tray. The sample tray is provided with a numbered identifier and a limiting structure to ensure the consistency of the sample posture and the repeatable accessibility of the observation area position during multiple observation cycles; in the initial observation stage of the microscope and the infrared thermal imager, the device control unit in the program control module drives the switching rod to perform autofocusing and image sharpness verification to optimize the initial image quality and determine the reference observation parameters.

11. The in-situ deterioration analysis method for the cyclic action environment of the building coating material according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step SS3, after the water immersion treatment stage is executed and before the sample is raised to the observation position, the program control module controls the execution of rapid heating and dehumidification treatment on the water immersion treatment tank and the sample surface to achieve local discharge of high-humidity gas, ensure that the dry state of the sample surface meets the subsequent thermal imaging conditions, and avoid the influence of the residual water film on the observation results.

12. The in-situ degradation analysis method for the cyclic action environment of the building coating material according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step SS5, the image analysis process is executed by the data processing module, including extracting the crack main axis contour line using an edge detection-based image segmentation algorithm, identifying the crack propagation path using a time series difference algorithm, and performing clustering analysis on the thermal anomaly area near the crack tip based on the temperature gradient distribution area in the thermal image. Finally, a quantitative analysis result including crack length, average thermal expansion area, and multi-cycle trend chart is output.

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