Grating type solidified hard shell layer transparent optical test device and grating type solidified hard shell layer transparent optical test method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical tests, and provides a grating type solidified hard shell layer transparent optical test device and method.The table top of a test table is provided with a conversion assembly, the conversion assembly is provided with a model box, and the table top is provided with a first long hole; the conversion assembly comprises a conversion table, and a first conversion piece and a second conversion piece which can be disassembled and assembled on the conversion table; the conversion table comprises a containing cavity used for converting the first conversion piece and the second conversion piece, a second long hole and a first liquid drainage hole, the second long hole and the first liquid drainage hole are formed in the two sides of the containing cavity, a second liquid drainage hole is formed in the first conversion piece, and the second conversion piece is a transparent body; through the arrangement of the conversion assembly, manufacturing and testing of the transparent soil model in the desktop model box can be achieved, the manufacturing and testing of the transparent soil model do not need to switch places, the accuracy of the test result is guaranteed, and laser can detect the transparent soil model at the bottom of the desktop through the first long hole, the second long hole and the second conversion piece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical tests, and particularly relates to a grid-type solidified hard shell layer transparent optical test device and method. Background Art

[0002] The grid-type solidified hard shell layer is a new type of hard shell layer formed by partial solidification, mainly composed of the upper traditional hard shell layer and the lower cement soil wall. In order to study the failure mode of the grid-type solidified hard shell layer, transparent soil similar materials can be used for tests.

[0003] In traditional transparent soil tests, the model box is directly placed on the optical test platform, and laser is irradiated from the side to form a speckle field for testing; however, in the transparent soil model of the grid-type solidified hard shell layer, due to the existence of the cement soil wall, there is no gap between the side of the model and the bottom of the model box, and the laser cannot penetrate into the transparent soil at the interval of the model, so the transparent soil is restricted in the study of the grid-type solidified hard shell layer; in addition, the transparent soil is composed of aggregate and pore liquid. During the production process of the transparent soil, consolidation and drainage treatment are required. If the model box for the transparent soil test is moved to the loading position after the consolidation process is completed at other positions, not only is it inconvenient to move due to the large volume and heavy weight of the model box, but also the transparent soil sample may be disturbed during the moving process, thus affecting the accuracy of the test results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a grid-type solidified hard shell layer transparent optical test device and method. Through the setting of the conversion component, the production and test of the transparent soil model in the desktop model box can be realized, and the production and test of the transparent soil model do not need to switch places, ensuring the accuracy of the test results; when making the transparent soil model, the first conversion piece is installed in the accommodating cavity, and the consolidation and drainage requirements can be met through the first drainage hole and the second drainage hole. When conducting the transparent soil test, the second conversion piece is installed in the accommodating cavity, and the laser can detect the transparent soil model through the first long hole, the second long hole and the second conversion piece at the bottom of the desktop, avoiding the problem that the laser cannot penetrate into the transparent soil at the interval of the model when there is no gap between the side of the transparent soil model and the bottom of the model box, and solving the problem that the research object of the transparent soil test is restricted.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, in the first aspect, the present invention provides a grid-type solidified hard shell layer transparent optical test device, adopting the following technical solution:

[0006] A grid-type solidified hard shell layer transparent optical test device includes a base and a test table provided on the base;

[0007] A conversion component is provided on the tabletop of the test table, a model box is provided on the conversion component, and a first long hole is opened on the tabletop; the conversion component includes a conversion table, and a first conversion piece and a second conversion piece that can be disassembled and assembled on the conversion table; the conversion table includes a receiving cavity for converting the first conversion piece and the second conversion piece, and second long holes and first drain holes opened on both sides of the receiving cavity, a second drain hole is provided on the first conversion piece, and the second conversion piece is a transparent body.

[0008] Further, a testing machine is also provided on the base, and the testing machine includes a vertical beam, a moving cross beam provided on the vertical beam, and a loading plate provided on the moving cross beam.

[0009] Further, the test table further includes table legs, and the table legs include a first telescopic part and a second telescopic part that can be telescopically connected to the first telescopic part.

[0010] Further, a laser is provided below the tabletop.

[0011] Further, a third drain hole is provided at the bottom of the model box.

[0012] Further, a plurality of second drain holes are provided on the conversion table, and the quantity and layout of the second drain holes correspond to the quantity and layout of the third drain holes.

[0013] Further, the first conversion piece includes a groove body, and the second drain hole is opened at the bottom of the groove body.

[0014] Further, a conduit is detachably provided on the second drain hole.

[0015] Further, a first operation part and a second operation part are respectively provided on the first conversion piece and the second conversion piece.

[0016] In order to achieve the above object, in the second aspect, the present invention also provides a grid-type cured hard shell layer transparent optical test method, adopting the following technical solution:

[0017] A grid-type cured hard shell layer transparent optical test method uses the grid-type cured hard shell layer transparent optical test device as described in the first aspect, including: when making a transparent soil model, the first conversion piece is loaded into the receiving cavity, and consolidation drainage is carried out through the first drain hole and the second drain hole; when carrying out a transparent soil test, the second conversion piece is loaded into the receiving cavity, and the laser detects the transparent soil model through the first long hole, the second long hole and the second conversion piece at the bottom of the tabletop.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] In the present invention, a conversion component is provided on the desktop of the test table, a model box is provided on the conversion component, and a first long hole is opened on the desktop; the conversion component includes a conversion table, and a first conversion piece and a second conversion piece that can be disassembled and assembled on the conversion table; the conversion table includes a receiving cavity for converting the first conversion piece and the second conversion piece, and second long holes and a first liquid discharge hole opened on both sides of the receiving cavity, a second liquid discharge hole is provided on the first conversion piece, and the second conversion piece is a transparent body; through the setting of the conversion component, the production and test of the transparent soil model in the desktop model box can be realized, and the production and test of the transparent soil model do not need to switch places, ensuring the accuracy of the test results; when making the transparent soil model, the first conversion piece is loaded into the receiving cavity, and the consolidation liquid discharge requirements can be met through the first liquid discharge hole and the second liquid discharge hole. When conducting the transparent soil test, the second conversion piece is loaded into the receiving cavity, and the laser can detect the transparent soil model through the first long hole, the second long hole and the second conversion piece at the bottom of the desktop, avoiding the problem that the laser cannot penetrate into the transparent soil at the model interval when there is no gap between the side of the transparent soil model and the bottom surface of the model box, and solving the problem that the research object of the transparent soil test is restricted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings forming a part of this embodiment are used to provide a further understanding of this embodiment, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof of this embodiment are used to explain this embodiment and do not constitute an improper limitation to this embodiment.

[0021] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the specimen device for Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the position of the laser for Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 Structural schematic diagram of the test table for Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 Structural schematic diagram of the conversion table for Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 Structural schematic diagram of the first conversion piece for Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 Structural schematic diagram of the second conversion piece for Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 Structural schematic diagram of the model box for Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Among them, 1. base; 2. testing machine; 201. vertical beam; 202. moving horizontal beam; 203. loading plate; 3. test table; 301. tabletop; 302. first long hole; 303. table leg; 3031. first telescopic part; 3032. second telescopic part; 3033. pin hole; 304. connecting piece; 305. connecting hole; 4. conversion assembly; 401. conversion table; 4011. accommodating cavity; 4012. second long hole; 4013. first drainage hole; 402. first conversion piece; 4021. trough body; 4022. second drainage hole; 4023. first operating part; 403. second conversion piece; 4031. transparent body; 4032. second operating part; 5. model box; 501. model accommodating cavity; 502. third drainage hole; 6. catheter; 7. liquid collecting container; 8. laser; 9. test block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0031] Embodiment 1:

[0032] Transparent soil similar material is a kind of transparent material similar to soil, which is a general term for artificial synthetic transparent simulation materials with the engineering properties of natural soil. It is prepared from aggregates and pore liquids with the same or similar refractive indices. Since the aggregates and pore liquids have similar refractive indices, light will not undergo obvious refraction or scattering when passing through the interior of the transparent soil. Therefore, this "soil body" is transparent, and the emergence of transparent soil similar materials makes it possible to "directly observe" the internal deformation of the model. There are small air bubbles or tracking formulas inside the transparent soil itself. When a laser passes through the soil, scattering will occur, and a speckle field will be generated in the transparent soil on the laser plane. By capturing the photos of the speckle field with an industrial camera and then analyzing them using corresponding image software, the displacement changes inside the soil body can be obtained. In traditional transparent soil tests, the model box can be directly placed on a professional optical test platform, and a laser is irradiated from the side to form a speckle field for the test. However, in the transparent soil model with a grid-type solidified hard shell layer, there is a cement soil wall, so there is no gap between the side of the model and the bottom of the model box, and the laser cannot penetrate into the transparent soil at the model interval. Therefore, the research on transparent soil is restricted when studying the grid-type solidified hard shell layer. In addition, since transparent soil is composed of aggregates and pore liquids, during the production process of transparent soil, consolidation and drainage treatment are required. If the model box for the transparent soil test is moved to the loading position after the consolidation process is completed at other locations, not only is it inconvenient to move due to the large volume and heavy weight of the model box, but the transparent soil sample may be disturbed during the moving process, thus affecting the accuracy of the test results. When conducting a transparent soil test, a load needs to be applied, and the most common loading instrument in the laboratory is a universal testing machine, which can continuously and stably load the specimen. If only a test table is placed at the vacant position of the universal testing machine, when the universal testing machine applies a load to it, the instrument itself will be lifted due to the reaction force. Therefore, when designing the transparent soil test table, the connection with the universal testing machine needs to be considered.

[0033] This embodiment provides a grid-type solidified hard shell layer transparent optical test device, aiming to overcome the problem that in the transparent soil test of the grid-type solidified hard shell layer, when it is impossible to irradiate a laser from the side of the model to form a speckle field, the research is restricted. It provides an optical test device for the transparent soil test of the grid-type solidified hard shell layer and enables the device to realize the integration of consolidation and transparent soil model test. In addition, through the setting of the universal testing machine, the problem of loading in the transparent soil test is solved.

[0034] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the device includes a base 1, a testing machine 2, a test table 3, a conversion component 4, a model box 5, a conduit 6, a liquid collection container 7, a laser 8, etc.

[0035] The base 1 can be an independently provided platform or a preset area on a plane such as the ground. The testing machine 2 and the test table 3 are jointly arranged on the base 1, enabling continuous production and testing of the test block 9.

[0036] The testing machine 2 at least includes a vertical beam 201, a moving crossbeam 202 arranged on the vertical beam 201, and a loading plate 203 arranged on the moving crossbeam 202; other settings of the testing machine 2 can be achieved by conventional techniques and will not be elaborated here. Optionally, the vertical beam 201 is vertically arranged on the base 1; the loading plate 203 is located above the model box 5 and is used to gradually load the test block 9, so that the liquid in the test block 9 flows into the liquid collection container 7 through the conduit 6.

[0037] As Figure 3 shown, the test table 3 can adopt a universal testing machine. The test table 3 includes a tabletop 301, a first long hole 302, table legs 303, a connecting piece 304, a connecting hole 305, etc.

[0038] Optionally, a first long hole 302 is opened on the tabletop 301, allowing the laser emitted by the laser 8 to irradiate the test block 9 at the bottom of the tabletop 301. The table legs 303 can be set as telescopic legs and can adopt telescopic rods or other telescopic structures. For example, the table legs 303 can include a first telescopic part 3031 and a second telescopic part 3032 sleeved in the first telescopic part 3031. Pin holes are opened on the first telescopic part 3031 and the second telescopic part 3032, and the length of the table legs 303 is adjusted through the pin holes 3033.

[0039] In some embodiments, optionally, the width W of the tabletop 301 is designed to be related to the width D of the loading plate 203, W≤D; the height H of the table legs 303 is designed according to the area of the test laser fan surface required, H = L / tan(β / 2), where L is the length of the test block 9 and β is the angle of the emitted laser. The width of the first long hole 302 is w and the length is l. Optionally, the width w is set to 20 - 30 cm and the length l is greater than the length L of the test block 9. The side length of the second telescopic part 3032 is a1, and 4 - 5 round holes with a diameter of d1 are provided.

[0040] The connecting member 304 includes four solid steel plates. The first telescopic part 3031 is arranged on the solid steel plate. The side length a2 of the steel pipe of the first telescopic part 3031 is greater than the side length a1 of the second telescopic part 3032. Each steel pipe is provided with 4-5 round holes with a diameter of d2, and d2 = d1. The length of the left and right steel plates of the connecting member 304 is l1, the width is b1, and 4-5 connecting holes 305 with a diameter of d3 are provided. The diameter d3 is the same as the diameter of the connecting hole of the universal testing machine. The length of the upper and lower steel plates is l2, l2 = D - b1 / 2, and the width is b2. The bottom solid steel plate is mainly used for connecting with the base 1 or the bottom of the testing machine, so that the transparent soil optical test device and the universal testing machine are combined to form a reaction frame structure.

[0041] As Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown in ,

[0041] , Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the conversion assembly 4 includes a conversion table 401, a first conversion member 402 and a second conversion member 403. The first conversion member 402 and the second conversion member 403 can be switched on the conversion table 401 to meet the requirements of switching between consolidation drainage and transparent soil tests.

[0042] Optionally, the conversion table 401 can be arranged on the tabletop 301. The conversion table 401 includes a receiving cavity 4011. A second long hole 4012 is arranged on one side of the receiving cavity 4011, and a plurality of first drainage holes 4013 are arranged on the other side. The receiving cavity 4011 is used to receive the first conversion member 402 or the second conversion member 403. The size and position of the second long hole 4012 correspond to those of the first long hole 302 to allow the laser to pass through. The first drainage holes 4013 are used for consolidation drainage. The first conversion member 402 includes a groove body 4021 and a second drainage hole 4022 arranged at the bottom of the groove body 4021. A first operation part 4023 is arranged outside the groove body 4021; the second drainage hole 4022 is used for consolidation drainage. The second conversion member 403 is a transparent body 4031, and a second operation part 4032 is arranged on the second conversion member 403. The first operation part 4023 and the second operation part 4032 can be set as handles or other operable components.

[0043] In some embodiments, the conversion table 401 is made of plexiglass. The conversion table 401 includes 3 solid plexiglass plates, including 2 side plates and 1 rear plate, all with a thickness of t; the length of the side plates is l6, l6 = l5 - t, and the width is h1; the length of the rear plate is b1, and the width is h1. The lengths of the plexiglass top plate and the plexiglass bottom plate are both l5, the widths are both b1, and the thicknesses are both t; the diameter of the round hole of the plexiglass top plate is d4.

[0044] In some embodiments, the first conversion member 402 is composed of 1 rear plate, 2 side plates and 1 front plate with a movable handle; the length of the rear plate is b2, b2 = b1 - 2t, the width is h2, h2 = h1 - 2t; the length of the side plate is l7, l7 = l5 - 3t, the width is h2; the front plate has the same dimensions as the rear plate. The length of the plexiglass bottom plate is l8, l8 = l5 - t, the width is b2, and the thickness is t; the diameter of the circular groove is d5, the groove depth is h3, h3 < t; there is 1 round hole at the bottom of the circular groove, the diameter is d6, and the depth is h4, h4 = t - h3.

[0045] In some embodiments, the second conversion member 403 is a piece of plexiglass with a length of l8, a width of b2, and a thickness of h1.

[0046] As Figure 1 and Figure 7 shown, the model box 5 can be set on the conversion table 401; the model box 5 includes a model accommodation cavity 501 for making and accommodating the test block 9, and a third liquid discharge hole 502 is provided at the bottom of the model accommodation cavity 501. The number and layout of the second liquid discharge hole 4022 and the third liquid discharge hole 502 are adapted.

[0047] In some embodiments, the model box 5 is made of a solid plexiglass plate, the length of the side plate is l3, the width is h1; the length of the front and rear plates is l4, the width is h1; the thicknesses of the solid plexiglass plate and the bottom plate are both t; the length of the plexiglass bottom plate is l5, l5 = l3 + 2t, the width is b1, b1 = l4 + 2t; the diameter of the round hole in the plexiglass bottom plate is d4.

[0048] As Figure 1 shown, the laser 8 can be arranged below the desktop 301. The test block 9 is a grid-type solidified hard shell layer transparent soil model. A conduit 6 is detachably arranged on the second liquid discharge hole 4022, which can be realized by means such as plugging and connecting, or can be realized by conventional detachable means. The other end of the conduit 6 is connected to a liquid collection container 7, and the liquid collection container 7 can be a collection bucket or other liquid collection containers.

[0049] When the transparent soil consolidates and drains, the first conversion member 402 is placed in the accommodation cavity 4011; when conducting a model test, the second conversion member 403 is placed in the accommodation cavity 4011. Then, according to the area requirement of the test laser fan surface, the height of the table leg 303 is adjusted. Finally, the laser is emitted by the laser 8 at the bottom of the tabletop 301, and the required test laser fan surface is formed through the first long hole 302 and the second long hole 4012. This embodiment solves the problem that there is no gap between the side of the test block 9 and the bottom surface of the model box 5 during the test, resulting in the laser being unable to penetrate into the transparent soil at the interval of the test block 9, and effectively solves the problems of disturbing the transparent soil sample due to the change of the position of the model box during consolidation and the connection with the universal testing machine.

[0050] This embodiment can avoid the problem that when there is no gap between the side of the model and the bottom surface of the model box, the laser cannot penetrate into the transparent soil at the interval of the model, so that the research object of the transparent soil test is not restricted; at the same time, the height of the optical test tabletop can be flexibly adjusted, so that the width range of the laser surface emitted by the laser is wider, and it can be applied to test models of various sizes; it is connected with the universal testing machine to form a reaction frame system, solving the problem of load application in the test. A consolidation bearing capacity function conversion device is added between the model box and the optical test tabletop to realize the switching between consolidation and transparent soil tests, and solves the problem that the transparent soil consolidation and drainage requires changing the test location, thus disturbing the test.

[0051] One of the working processes or principles of this embodiment is:

[0052] S1. The connecting member 304 is connected to the testing machine 2 through the connecting hole 305 and bolts, etc.; the test table 3 is adjusted according to the test height requirement.

[0053] S2. Align the third drain hole 502 in the model box 5 with the first drain hole 4013 in the conversion table 401, then place the model box 5 and the conversion table 401 on the tabletop 301, and align the second long hole 4012 with the first long hole 302.

[0054] S3. Place the filter paper and permeable stone in the groove body 4021 of the first conversion member 402, fill the groove body 4021 with sand, and place the first conversion member 402 in the accommodation cavity 4011. One end of the conduit 6 is connected to the second drain hole 4022 after passing through the second long hole 4012 and the first long hole 302; the other end is placed in the liquid collection container 7.

[0055] S4. Place the model and the transparent soil in the model box 5, and the testing machine 2 gradually loads it through the loading plate 203, so that the liquid in the transparent soil flows into the liquid collection container 7 through the conduit 6.

[0056] After the consolidation of the transparent soil is completed, take out the first conversion part 402 and put the second conversion part 403 into the accommodation cavity 401. Replace the liquid collection container 7 with a laser 8. The laser emitted by the laser 8 enters the transparent soil in the model box 5 through the first long hole 302 and the second long hole 4012 to form a speckle field, and then complete the test through the loading of the testing machine 2.

[0057] Embodiment 2:

[0058] This embodiment provides a grid-type solidified hard shell layer transparent optical test method, which uses the grid-type solidified hard shell layer transparent optical test device described in Embodiment 1, including: when making the transparent soil model, install the first conversion part 402 into the accommodation cavity 4011, and perform consolidation drainage through the first drainage hole 4013 and the second drainage hole 4022; when performing the transparent soil test, install the second conversion part 403 into the accommodation cavity 4011, and the laser detects the transparent soil model through the first long hole 302, the second long hole 4012 and the second conversion part 403 at the bottom of the table.

[0059] The above are only the preferred embodiments of this embodiment and are not used to limit this embodiment. For those skilled in the art, this embodiment can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this embodiment shall be included within the protection scope of this embodiment.

Claims

1. A grid-type solidified hard shell layer transparent optical test device, characterized in that, Comprising a base, and a test table provided on the base; A conversion component is provided on the tabletop of the test table, a model box is provided on the conversion component, and a first long hole is opened on the tabletop; the conversion component includes a conversion table, and a first conversion piece and a second conversion piece that can be disassembled and assembled on the conversion table; the conversion table includes a receiving cavity for converting the first conversion piece and the second conversion piece, and a second long hole and a first drain hole opened on both sides of the receiving cavity, a second drain hole is provided on the first conversion piece, and the second conversion piece is a transparent body.

2. The transparent optical test device with a grid-shaped solidified hard shell layer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A testing machine is further provided on the base, the testing machine includes a vertical beam, a moving cross beam provided on the vertical beam, and a loading plate provided on the moving cross beam.

3. The transparent optical test device with a grid-type solidified hard shell layer as described in claim 1, wherein The test table further includes table legs, and the table legs include a first telescopic portion and a second telescopic portion that can be telescopically connected to the first telescopic portion.

4. The transparent optical test device with a grid-type solidified hard shell layer as described in claim 1, wherein A laser is provided below the tabletop.

5. The transparent optical test device with a grid-shaped solidified hard shell layer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A third drain hole is provided at the bottom of the model box.

6. The transparent optical test device with a grid-shaped solidified hard shell layer as described in claim 5, characterized in that, A plurality of second drain holes are provided on the conversion table, and the number and layout of the second drain holes correspond to the number and layout of the third drain holes.

7. The transparent optical test device with a grid-type solidified hard shell layer as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The first conversion piece includes a groove body, and the second drain hole is opened at the bottom of the groove body.

8. The transparent optical test device with a grid-type solidified hard shell layer according to claim 7, characterized in that, A conduit is detachably provided on the second drain hole.

9. The transparent optical test device with a grid-type solidified hard shell layer as described in claim 1, wherein A first operation part and a second operation part are respectively provided on the first conversion piece and the second conversion piece.

10. A grid-type solidified hard shell layer transparent optical test method, characterized in that, Using the grid-type solidified hard shell layer transparent optical test device according to any one of claims 1-9, including: when making a transparent soil model, loading the first conversion piece into the receiving cavity, and performing consolidation drainage through the first drain hole and the second drain hole; when performing a transparent soil test, loading the second conversion piece into the receiving cavity, and the laser detects the transparent soil model through the first long hole, the second long hole and the second conversion piece at the bottom of the tabletop.

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