Deicing device for power transmission line

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power transmission line icing prevention, and particularly discloses a power transmission line deicing device. The power transmission line deicing device comprises a metal shell which is connected to a power transmission line through a fixing piece; the simulation wire forms a structure matched with the power transmission line, and the simulation wire is arranged on the shell and partially extends out of the shell so as to be exposed in the external environment; the vibration module is arranged on the shell and is used for acting generated high-frequency vibration on the power transmission line so as to enable ice on the power transmission line to fall off; the pressure detection module is arranged on the simulation wire and used for detecting icing pressure information of the simulation wire; and the controller is in communication connection with the vibration module and the pressure detection module, and the controller correspondingly controls the vibration module to execute corresponding actions according to the icing pressure information. Therefore, under the condition that the application range of the deicing device is guaranteed, the deicing efficiency of the power transmission conductor is improved, and meanwhile the deicing cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of transmission line anti-icing, and particularly to a transmission line de-icing device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of power transmission, icing on transmission lines is one of the main natural disasters threatening the safe and stable operation of the power grid. In cold regions, especially in the northern regions, icing on transmission lines is prone to occur. To ensure stable power supply, power grid companies need to invest a large amount of human and material resources in winter to carry out icing detection and de-icing work.

[0003] Currently, although there are devices capable of dealing with icing on transmission lines, it has been found in actual applications that many defects have been exposed in the de-icing process of such icing devices, and there are still many problems to be solved, specifically as follows:

[0004] 1. As the current main de-icing method, the DC de-icing technology usually lasts for several hours for a single de-icing operation. During this period, the line needs to be powered off for a long time, seriously affecting the continuity and stability of power transmission. At the same time, the implementation process of this technology involves multiple departments and a large number of personnel in coordinated cooperation, with high human deployment and management costs. In addition, the DC de-icing has high energy consumption and large investment. Especially for transmission lines with frequent icing, the economic burden is extremely heavy. More importantly, the icing sections of transmission lines are often concentrated and account for a relatively small proportion, while the DC de-icing uses the method of heating the whole line with power off, resulting in a large amount of electric energy being wasted in the line sections that do not need de-icing. For ultra-high voltage lines of 500 kV and above, due to the extremely long line distance, the capacity required for DC de-icing exceeds the equipment's carrying range, and the de-icing operation cannot be carried out normally.

[0005] 2. For mechanical de-icing devices, such as de-icing trolleys and de-icing hammers, although they are applicable to some scenarios, they have the problems of cumbersome operation procedures and low automation. This results in their overall efficiency in removing icing on transmission lines in actual de-icing operations being difficult to meet the requirements of high-efficiency operation and maintenance, and they cannot quickly and effectively respond to large-area icing situations.

[0006] 3. Using a helicopter to hang a de-icing device for de-icing operations has significant application limitations. This method can only be used for de-icing the ground wire of a single line and cannot perform de-icing operations on bundled conductors. At the same time, its operation is significantly restricted by weather conditions. In bad weather such as heavy fog commonly seen during the icing period, both flight safety and endurance are severely affected. Moreover, when performing tasks in remote areas, it is inconvenient to use due to factors such as takeoff and landing conditions and logistics support.

[0007] 4. The equipment based on the ultrasonic vibration de-icing technology can break the bonding force between the ice coating and the wire by generating vibrations inside the wire to achieve de-icing. However, in the actual application process, it is difficult for the existing de-icing devices to achieve a good balance among the de-icing efficiency, de-icing quality, and application range, and they cannot fully meet the de-icing requirements of transmission lines in different types and environments.

[0008] In summary, there are various defects in the existing transmission line melting and de-icing technologies. It is urgent to optimize and improve the structure of the de-icing device and the de-icing process to overcome the above technical problems and improve the efficiency, economy, and applicability of the treatment of ice coating on transmission lines. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a transmission line de-icing device applicable to two-conductor and above AC transmission lines, so as to solve the problem that the existing de-icing devices have poor applicability and it is difficult to improve the de-icing efficiency of transmission wires while ensuring the application range, and at the same time reduce the de-icing cost.

[0010] The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0011] A transmission line de-icing device is installed in the ice-coated section of the transmission line. The transmission line de-icing device includes:

[0012] A metal housing, which is connected to the transmission line through a fixing member;

[0013] A simulated wire, which is formed into a structure adapted to the transmission line. The simulated wire is arranged on the housing and partially extends out of the housing to be exposed to the external environment;

[0014] A vibration module, which is arranged on the housing and is used to apply the generated high-frequency vibration to the transmission line so that the ice coating on the transmission line falls off;

[0015] A pressure detection module, which is arranged on the simulated wire and is used to detect the ice coating pressure information of the simulated wire; and,

[0016] A controller, which is communicatively connected to the vibration module and the pressure detection module. The controller controls the vibration module to perform corresponding actions according to the ice coating pressure information.

[0017] Optionally, the transmission line de-icing device includes an energy harvesting module and an energy storage module electrically connected to the energy harvesting module;

[0018] The energy storage module is arranged on the housing, and the energy harvesting module is installed on the wire. The energy harvesting module is used to obtain the electrical energy of the wire; the energy storage module is used to store the obtained electrical energy in its battery; the battery is electrically connected to the vibration module.

[0019] Optionally, an anti-freezing module is further provided in the housing. Among them, the anti-freezing module is in contact with but not rigidly connected to the simulated wire, so as to be able to push the simulated wire to rotate during movement.

[0020] Optionally, the anti-freezing module includes a motor and a sector-shaped eccentric body. The output shaft of the motor is connected to the eccentric body. When the motor rotates, the eccentric body gradually abuts against the simulated wire and drives the simulated wire to rotate; when the motor resets, the eccentric body gradually releases the abutment against the simulated wire.

[0021] Optionally, the vibration module includes a motor and an eccentric member. The motor is connected to the housing, and the output shaft of the motor is connected to the eccentric member, so that high-frequency vibration can be generated when the motor rotates.

[0022] Optionally, the transmission line de-icing device further includes an attitude detection module. The attitude detection module is arranged on the housing to detect the current attitude information of the housing; the controller is communicatively connected to the attitude detection module to correspondingly control the motion state of the vibration module according to the current attitude information.

[0023] Optionally, a temperature detection module and / or a humidity detection module are provided on the housing. The temperature detection module is used to detect the current ambient temperature information; the controller is communicatively connected to the temperature detection module to correspondingly control the motion state of the vibration module according to the current ambient temperature information;

[0024] The humidity detection module is used to detect the current ambient humidity information; the controller is communicatively connected to the humidity detection module to correspondingly control the motion state of the vibration module according to the current ambient humidity information.

[0025] Optionally, a camera module is provided on the housing. The camera module is used to detect the current ice-covered image information of the transmission line; the controller is communicatively connected to the camera module to correspondingly control the motion of the vibration module according to the current ice-covered image information.

[0026] Optionally, a heating and defogging module is provided on the housing to remove the fog on the window of the camera module.

[0027] Optionally, the transmission line de-icing device further includes a wireless communication module. The controller is connected to the wireless communication module to communicate with a terminal device.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0029] With the above technical solution, since the housing is made of metal material, the uniform electric field effect of the metal housing can effectively isolate the influence of the high voltage of the transmission line on the internal electrical components of the de-icing device, ensuring the safe operation of the de-icing device. In addition, it can also play a protective role for the internal simulated wire, vibration module, pressure detection module, controller, etc. The housing is designed in a fully enclosed manner to prevent it from being damaged by external environmental factors (such as rain, snow, sand, mechanical collision, etc.), extend the service life of the de-icing device, and ensure the stable operation of the de-icing device.

[0030] The simulated wire has the same diameter and outer surface structure as the transmission line. Part of it extends out of the housing and is exposed to the external environment. The inner part of the de-icing device is installed in cooperation with the pressure detection module, and can accurately transmit the change in its own force caused by icing to the pressure detection module. With the same icing characteristics as the transmission line, it can simulate the icing condition of the transmission line in real time, so that the icing pressure information obtained by the pressure detection module truly reflects the actual icing state of the transmission line, providing a reliable basis for subsequent de-icing operations, and avoiding unnecessary energy waste caused by misjudgment resulting in untimely de-icing. The vibration module is installed on the housing and can generate high-frequency vibration under the control of the controller, providing a power source for de-icing. The high-frequency vibration can destroy the bonding force between the ice and the wire, prompting the ice to fall off. Compared with the traditional de-icing method, it does not require the line to be powered off for a long time, nor does it require a large amount of manpower cooperation, improving the de-icing efficiency, reducing the de-icing cost, and at the same time reducing the impact on power transmission. The pressure detection module is arranged on the simulated wire and can accurately detect the pressure change of the simulated wire caused by icing, and convert the pressure signal into an electrical signal that can be recognized by the controller. By real-time detecting the icing pressure information of the simulated wire, it provides accurate icing data for the controller, enabling the controller to control the vibration module to work in a timely and accurate manner according to the actual icing condition, realizing on-demand de-icing, improving the pertinence and effectiveness of de-icing, and avoiding resource waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and thus should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 is the front view structural schematic diagram of the transmission line de-icing device provided by the present invention in one embodiment;

[0033] Figure 2 is the side view structural schematic diagram of the transmission line de-icing device provided by the present invention in one embodiment;

[0034] Figure 3 The pressure decomposition diagram after the ice removal device for transmission lines provided by the present invention is installed on the transmission conductor;

[0035] Figure 4 The pressure decomposition diagram for simulating the pressure borne by the transmission line after icing in the ice removal device for transmission lines provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 The schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the simulated ice-covered area of the transmission line in the ice removal device for transmission lines provided by the present invention.

[0037] Reference signs in the drawings and corresponding component names: 1 - transmission line, 2 - housing, 3 - simulated conductor, 41 - motor, 42 - eccentric member, 5 - pressure detection module, 6 - energy acquisition module, 7 - energy storage module, 81 - motor, 82 - eccentric body, 91 - temperature detection module, 92 - humidity detection module, 93 - camera module, 94 - controller, 95 - communication module, 100 - fixing member, 110 - Rogowski coil, 120 - ice coating. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and the drawings. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0039] According to the specific implementation manners of the present disclosure, an ice removal device for transmission lines is provided, which is installed in the ice-covered section of the transmission line 1. The ice removal device can effectively remove ice from the transmission line and ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Among them, Figures 1 to 5 Its specific embodiments are shown.

[0040] Refer to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the ice removal device for transmission lines includes: a metal housing 2, which is connected to the transmission line 1 through a fixing member 100; a simulated conductor 3, which is formed into a structure adapted to the transmission line 1. The simulated conductor 3 is arranged on the housing 2 and partially extends out of the housing 2 to be exposed to the external environment; a vibration module, which is arranged on the housing 2 and is used to apply the generated high-frequency vibration to the transmission line 1 so that the ice coating 120 on the transmission line 1 falls off; a pressure detection module 5, which is arranged on the simulated conductor 3 and is used to detect the ice-covered pressure information of the simulated conductor 3; and a controller 94, which is communicatively connected to the vibration module and the pressure detection module 5. The controller 94 controls the vibration module to perform corresponding actions according to the current pressure information of the ice coating.

[0041] This ice removal device for transmission lines uses a fixing member 100 to firmly connect the metal housing 2 to the transmission line 1, ensuring accurate and firm installation of the ice removal device, and laying a foundation for subsequent work. The simulated wire 3, due to its structure adapted to the transmission line 1 and having the same diameter and outer surface, has the same ice accretion characteristics as the transmission line 1 after being exposed to the external environment. When the transmission line 1 starts to ice up, the simulated wire 3 extending outside the ice removal device synchronously forms ice accretion of the same thickness. The ice accretion 120 causes the weight of the simulated wire 3 to increase, and its outer part has a downward movement tendency, while the part inside the ice removal device has an upward movement tendency. This change will be captured by the pressure detection module 5 set on the simulated wire 3.

[0042] The pressure detection module 5 converts the currently detected pressure information of the ice accretion 120 on the simulated wire 3 into transmissible data such as electrical signals, and transmits it to the controller 94 in real time through a communication line. After receiving the ice accretion pressure information transmitted by the pressure detection module 5, the controller 94 analyzes and processes the data according to pre-set algorithms and thresholds. If it is determined that the ice accretion pressure reaches the set value, the controller 94 correspondingly issues an execution instruction to the vibration module according to factors such as the pressure magnitude and change trend, and determines parameters such as the frequency, intensity, and duration of the vibration generated by the vibration module. After receiving the instruction from the controller 94, the vibration module starts to work and generates high-frequency vibrations. The high-frequency vibrations are transmitted to the transmission line 1 through structures such as the housing 2, causing the transmission line 1 to vibrate, thereby destroying the adhesion between the ice accretion and the wire, and prompting the ice accretion to fall off from the transmission line 1, completing the ice removal operation. During the ice removal process, the pressure detection module 5 continuously detects the change in the ice accretion pressure of the simulated wire 3 and feeds back the information to the controller 94 in real time. The controller 94 determines whether to adjust the working state of the vibration module according to the new pressure information. For example, after a large amount of ice accretion falls off and the pressure decreases, the vibration parameters are adjusted to achieve precise ice removal and energy-saving operation.

[0043] Through the above technical solution, since the housing 2 is made of metal material, the metal outer shell has an electric field shielding effect, which can, to a certain extent, isolate the influence of the high voltage of the transmission line 1 on the internal electrical components of the ice removal device, ensuring the safe operation of the ice removal device. In addition, it can also play a protective role for the internal simulated wire 3, vibration module, pressure detection module 5, controller 94, etc. The fully enclosed metal outer shell can prevent it from being damaged by external environmental factors (such as rain, snow, sand, mechanical collision, etc.), and is conducive to heat dissipation, prolonging the service life of the ice removal device and ensuring the stable operation of the ice removal device.

[0044] The simulated wire 3 has the same diameter and outer surface structure as the power transmission line 1. Part of it extends out of the housing 2 and is exposed to the external environment. The inner part of the de-icing device is installed in cooperation with the pressure detection module 5, and can accurately transmit the force change caused by ice accretion to the pressure detection module 5. With the same ice accretion characteristics as the power transmission line 1, it can simulate the ice accretion situation of the power transmission line 1 in real time, so that the ice accretion pressure information obtained by the pressure detection module 5 truly reflects the actual ice accretion state of the power transmission line 1, providing a reliable basis for subsequent de-icing operations, and avoiding de-icing delays or unnecessary energy waste caused by misjudgment. The vibration module is installed on the housing 2 and can generate high-frequency vibrations under the control of the controller 94, providing a power source for de-icing. The high-frequency vibrations can destroy the bonding force between the ice accretion and the wire, prompting the ice accretion to fall off. Compared with traditional de-icing methods, it does not require the line to be powered off for a long time, nor does it require a large amount of manual cooperation, improving the de-icing efficiency, reducing the de-icing cost, and at the same time reducing the impact on power transmission. The pressure detection module 5 is arranged on the simulated wire 3 and can accurately detect the pressure change of the simulated wire 3 caused by ice accretion, and convert the pressure signal into an electrical signal that can be recognized by the controller 94. By detecting the ice accretion pressure information of the simulated wire 3 in real time, accurate ice accretion data is provided for the controller 94, enabling the controller 94 to control the vibration module to work in a timely and accurate manner according to the actual ice accretion situation, realizing on-demand de-icing, improving the pertinence and effectiveness of de-icing, and avoiding resource waste.

[0045] The controller 94 is connected to the vibration module and the pressure detection module 5 through a communication line, and is internally integrated with a data processing chip, a control algorithm program, etc., and has functions of data reception, analysis and processing, and instruction sending. The controller 94 analyzes and processes the ice accretion pressure information transmitted by the pressure detection module 5, and correspondingly controls the vibration module to perform corresponding actions according to the preset program and algorithm, realizing the automatic and intelligent control of the de-icing process, enabling the de-icing device to adaptively adjust the working state according to different ice accretion situations, improving the de-icing efficiency and quality, while reducing the cost of manual intervention and improving the overall performance and reliability of the de-icing device.

[0046] In the present disclosure, the housing is prepared from galvanized steel material. The galvanized steel forms an electrochemical protection barrier by plating a zinc layer on the surface of the steel, which can effectively resist the erosion of rainwater, salt spray, acid-base substances, etc. in the external environment on the housing.

[0047] Power transmission lines are usually deployed outdoors and face complex environments such as high humidity, coastal salt spray, and industrial pollution. The galvanized steel housing can significantly extend the service life of the device and prevent damage to internal components (such as camera modules, controllers, wireless communication modules, etc.) caused by housing corrosion. The de-icing device generates mechanical loads due to the operation of the vibration module, installation and maintenance, or external wind force. Through the galvanized steel housing, reliable structural support can be provided to protect the safety of internal precision components.

[0048] In an embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the ice removal device for a transmission line includes an energy harvesting module 6 and an energy storage module 7 electrically connected to the energy harvesting module 6; the energy storage module 7 is disposed on the housing 2; the energy harvesting module 6 is installed on the wire for obtaining electrical energy of the wire. The energy storage module 7 is used to store the obtained electrical energy in its battery; the battery is electrically connected to the vibration module.

[0049] The energy harvesting module 6 directly obtains electrical energy from the transmission line 1 through electromagnetic induction, capacitive coupling and other means, and by storing the electrical energy obtained by the energy harvesting module 6, the stable operation of components such as the vibration module is maintained by releasing the stored electrical energy, avoiding the interruption of ice removal caused by instantaneous power failure, and reducing the dependence of traditional ice removal devices on external power sources (such as battery replacement, external cables), which is especially suitable for long-term operation of remote areas or high-altitude transmission lines 1.

[0050] During non-icing periods (such as summer), the ice removal device can enter a low-power standby mode, only maintaining the basic operation of sensors (such as the pressure detection module 5, the temperature detection module 91). The electrical energy reserve of the energy storage module 7 can support the long-term online detection of the ice removal device without frequent maintenance. When it is detected that the icing pressure or environmental parameters (such as sudden temperature drop, humidity increase) reach the threshold, the energy storage module 7 (with a battery) can supply power to the vibration module to quickly start high-frequency vibration ice removal, avoiding the over-standard of the ice thickness caused by power supply delay and improving the timeliness of ice removal.

[0051] The controller 94 dynamically adjusts the energy storage state according to the real-time power of the energy harvesting module 6 (such as the change of line load). For example, during the low-power consumption period (when the line current is large), the energy storage power is increased, and during the high-power consumption period, power supply for ice removal operation is preferentially guaranteed. According to the detection data such as pressure, temperature, and humidity, the controller 94 can predict the icing risk and start the energy harvesting module 6 to work at full load in advance, and the energy storage module 7 is pre-charged to the peak state, ensuring that the vibration module operates at the best power when icing occurs, improving the ice removal efficiency while reducing energy loss.

[0052] In an embodiment provided by the present disclosure, an anti-freezing dead module is further provided in the housing 2. The anti-freezing dead module contacts but is not rigidly connected to the simulated wire so as to be able to push the simulated wire to rotate during movement. The controller 94 detects the ambient temperature and humidity data in real time through the temperature detection module 91 and the humidity detection module 92. When it is detected that the temperature and humidity meet the preset icing conditions, it is determined that there is an icing risk in the current environment, and the anti-freezing dead module is triggered to enter the working state. The anti-freezing dead module starts at a set period and drives the simulated wire 3 to rotate slowly or vibrate slightly, so that the potential ice layer at the contact part between the simulated wire 3 and the housing 2 is broken due to mechanical friction or stress change, avoiding the two being frozen and fixed by the ice layer.

[0053] During operation, the pressure detection module 5 can continuously detect the pressure value on the simulated wire 3: if the pressure value is 0, it indicates that the simulated wire 3 is in a free rotation state and the contact part with the housing 2 is not frozen, and the anti-freezing module maintains the normal detection mode; if the pressure value abnormally increases (pressure not caused by icing), it is determined that the contact part may be partially frozen, and the controller 94 automatically increases the driving frequency or force of the anti-freezing module until the pressure value returns to normal. By periodically moving to break the ice layer at the contact part, it is ensured that the simulated wire 3 can truly reflect the ice weight of the transmission line 1, enabling the controller 94 to trigger the de-icing action (such as starting and stopping of the vibration module, frequency adjustment, etc.) based on accurate data.

[0054] Specifically, the anti-freezing module includes a motor 81 and a sector-shaped eccentric body 82. The output shaft of the motor 81 is connected to the eccentric body 82. When the motor 81 rotates, the eccentric body 82 gradually abuts against the simulated wire 3 and drives the simulated wire 3 to rotate; when the motor 81 resets, the eccentric body 82 gradually releases the abutment against the simulated wire 3.

[0055] Under normal operating conditions, the sector-shaped eccentric body 82 and the simulated wire 3 remain in a non-contact state. At this time, the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is 0, indicating that the simulated wire 3 can rotate freely and the de-icing device is in the standby detection mode. The temperature detection module 91 and the humidity detection module 92 continuously collect environmental data and transmit the temperature and humidity information to the controller 94 in real time. When the controller 94 determines that the environmental temperature and humidity meet the preset icing conditions (for example, temperature ≤ 0°C and humidity ≥ 85%), it sends a start command to the motor 81 of the anti-freezing module, and the motor 81 starts to rotate at a set low speed (such as 5 - 10 revolutions per minute). As the motor 81 rotates, the sector-shaped eccentric body 82 connected to the output shaft makes a circular motion around the axis, and the eccentric body 82 gradually approaches and abuts against the simulated wire 3. Due to the sector structure of the eccentric body 82, the contact area and the acting force between it and the simulated wire 3 gradually increase during rotation, driving the simulated wire 3 to rotate slowly by mechanical thrust. During this process, the thin ice layer that may exist at the contact part between the simulated wire 3 and the outer shell is broken by the external force, preventing the ice layer from further thickening and causing freezing and jamming. After the motor 81 completes the set rotation cycle, it resets to the initial position, and the abutment between the eccentric body 82 and the simulated wire 3 is gradually released, and the two return to the non-contact state. The pressure sensor detects the pressure value on the simulated wire 3 again. If the pressure value is still 0, it means that the simulated wire 3 rotates freely and is not frozen; if the pressure value abnormally increases, it indicates that there may be a local freezing situation, and the controller 94 will adjust the rotation frequency or duration of the motor 81 and drive the eccentric body 82 to make more frequent or longer abutment rotations until the pressure value returns to normal.

[0056] During the period when the icing risk environment persists, the anti-freezing module repeats the above steps at a set cycle (such as once per hour) to continuously ensure the free rotation ability of the simulated wire 3. When the environmental temperature and humidity are higher than the icing threshold, the motor 81 stops working, and the de-icing device enters the sleep state, waiting for the next trigger condition.

[0057] The eccentric body 82 periodically abuts against and drives the simulated wire 3 to rotate, timely breaking the ice layer at the contact part between the simulated wire 3 and the outer shell, ensuring that the simulated wire 3 can truly reflect the change in the ice coating weight of the transmission line 1. The accurate pressure data obtained by the pressure sensor enables the controller 94 to accurately control the starting time and working parameters of the vibration module based on the actual ice coating state, avoiding de-icing delays or energy waste caused by data distortion. The mechanical driving method of the eccentric body 82 directly acts on the simulated wire 3, which can effectively prevent the simulated wire 3 from being stuck due to ice layer freezing in the severe cold and high humidity environment, ensuring the normal operation of the core detection components of the de-icing device. The accurate pressure data detection enables the vibration module to start in time when the ice coating reaches the critical thickness, avoiding premature start-up and power consumption, and also preventing too late start-up from causing too thick ice coating and increasing the de-icing difficulty. The combined structure of the sector-shaped eccentric body 82 and the motor 81 can adapt to different degrees of freezing conditions. For slight freezing, low-speed rotation can break the ice layer; if severe freezing occurs, by adjusting the parameters of the motor 81 through the controller 94, the acting force of the eccentric body 82 can be enhanced to ensure that the simulated wire 3 resumes free rotation.

[0058] In an embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the vibration module includes a motor 41 and an eccentric member 42. The motor 41 is connected to the housing 2, and the output shaft of the motor 41 is connected to the eccentric member 42, so that when the motor 41 rotates, it can generate high-frequency vibration. The centroid of the eccentric member 42 (such as an eccentric wheel, an eccentric block) does not coincide with the rotation center. When the motor 41 drives the eccentric member 42 to rotate at a high speed, the eccentric member 42 generates a periodic inertial force due to the centrifugal force. This inertial force forces the motor 41 and the housing 2 to generate high-frequency vibration. The vibration frequency is positively correlated with the rotation speed of the motor 41 (the higher the rotation speed, the higher the vibration frequency), and the vibration amplitude is determined by the mass distribution and the eccentricity of the eccentric member 42.

[0059] The high-frequency vibration of the housing 2 is transmitted to the simulated wire 3 or the transmission line 1 through mechanical connection, causing the ice coating layer to bear alternating stress. When the vibration stress exceeds the adhesion force between the ice layer and the wire or the shear strength of the ice layer itself, the ice layer breaks into small pieces and falls off, achieving the de-icing effect. The controller 94 dynamically adjusts the rotation speed of the motor 41 (such as through frequency conversion technology) according to the environmental data and the ice coating weight fed back by the temperature, humidity, and pressure sensors, thereby changing the vibration frequency and amplitude. For example, when the ice coating is thin, low-frequency and low-amplitude vibration is adopted for energy-saving operation; when the ice coating is thick, it is switched to high-frequency and high-amplitude vibration to enhance the de-icing effect.

[0060] The high-frequency vibration generated by the high-speed rotation of the eccentric member 42 can quickly apply a pulsed impact force to the ice layer, and use the "resonance effect" to reduce the ice adhesion. For example, when the vibration frequency approaches the natural frequency of the ice layer, the ice layer will break due to large deformation caused by resonance, and the efficiency is significantly improved compared with the traditional manual or low-frequency de-icing methods. The vibration is conducted to the wire through the housing 2 and can propagate along the axial direction of the wire, acting on the ice covering a longer section at the same time, especially suitable for removing the ice on complex structures such as near the poles of the transmission line 1 and the jumper wire, avoiding the risk of wire breakage caused by local ice accumulation. Through the real-time data of the sensor, the controller 94 can accurately control the start, stop and rotation speed of the motor 41, and only start the vibration module when the ice thickness reaches the threshold, avoiding the ineffective energy consumption in the ice-free or thin-ice state. For example, when the pressure sensor detects that the pressure value exceeds the set threshold (such as 5N) due to the increase in the ice weight of the simulated wire 3, the motor 41 is automatically triggered to rotate at high speed, and the ice is removed in a timely manner according to the actual situation. The structure of the eccentric member 42 is simple and the energy conversion efficiency is high (low mechanical loss). When rotating at high speed, a large vibration energy can be generated with unit energy consumption. Combining with the energy extraction ability of the energy storage module 7 (such as inductively extracting electricity from the transmission line 1), it can ensure long-term continuous de-icing operation, especially suitable for the transmission line 1 in remote areas without power supply.

[0061] In an embodiment provided in the present disclosure, the transmission line de-icing device further includes an attitude detection module, and the attitude detection module is disposed on the housing 2 for detecting the current attitude information of the housing 2; the controller 94 is communicatively connected to the attitude detection module to perform deviation correction according to the current attitude information and in combination with the measured pressure information, so as to correspondingly control the motion state of the vibration module.

[0062] The attitude detection module provides the dynamic position information of the de-icing device for the controller 94 by real-time detecting the spatial attitude of the housing 2 (such as the tilt angle, azimuth deviation, etc.), and forms data linkage with the pressure detection module 5, which can correct the attitude abnormality caused by the installation deviation of the de-icing device, wire sway or uneven ice covering, and ensure that the acting direction of the vibration module always matches the axis of the transmission line 1. At the same time, in combination with the pressure information (reflecting the ice thickness and distribution), the vibration frequency, amplitude or acting position of the vibration module is dynamically adjusted to improve the de-icing efficiency and pertinence. In this way, the vibration energy is evenly transmitted along the axial direction of the transmission line 1, preventing local ice residue or excessive vibration damage to the wire caused by the skew of the de-icing device.

[0063] In an embodiment provided by the present disclosure, a temperature detection module 91 and / or a humidity detection module 92 are provided on the housing 2. The temperature detection module 91 is used to detect the current ambient temperature information; the controller 94 is communicatively connected to the temperature detection module 91 to correspondingly control the motion state of the vibration module according to the current ambient temperature information; the humidity detection module 92 is used to detect the current ambient humidity information; the controller 94 is communicatively connected to the humidity detection module 92 to correspondingly control the motion state of the vibration module according to the current ambient humidity information.

[0064] The ambient temperature is detected in real time through sensors such as thermocouples and thermistors (i.e., the temperature detection module 91). For example, when the temperature drops below 0°C, it is determined as the "icing risk range". The humidity detection module 92 uses capacitive or resistive humidity sensors to detect the ambient relative humidity. When the humidity exceeds 85%RH, it is determined as the "high humidity icing promotion condition". The temperature and humidity data are transmitted to the controller 94 (such as MCU or PLC) in real time through wired (such as RS485) or wireless (such as Bluetooth, LoRa) communication, and the transmission period can be set from 10 seconds to 1 minute. The controller 94 performs fusion analysis on the temperature and humidity data based on preset thresholds and algorithms (prior art) and controls the vibration module in stages:

[0065] Temperature ≤ 5°C and humidity ≥ 70%RH (not reaching the freezing point but there is a risk of condensation). The vibration module operates intermittently in a low-frequency and low-amplitude mode (such as running for 5 minutes per hour, frequency 50Hz, amplitude 0.5mm). Thus, the condensed water on the wire surface is removed by slight vibration to prevent water droplets from freezing to form initial ice nuclei. Temperature ≤ 0°C and humidity ≥ 85%RH (meeting the icing thermodynamic conditions). The vibration module switches to a high-frequency and high-amplitude mode and runs continuously (frequency 200Hz, amplitude 2mm), and in combination with the pressure sensor data, dynamically adjusts the vibration parameters: if the pressure value (reflecting the ice weight) rises rapidly, the rotation speed is automatically increased to 300Hz to enhance the de-icing impact force. When the temperature rises above 0°C but the humidity is still high (there is a risk of secondary freezing after ice melting). In this case, the vibration module can be made to operate periodically in a medium-frequency and medium-amplitude mode (frequency 100Hz, running for 10 minutes every 30 minutes), so as to accelerate the flow of melted ice water by vibration, prevent the residual moisture from refreezing on the wire surface, and at the same time avoid the energy consumption waste of continuous operation.

[0066] Starting the low-frequency vibration in advance under the icing critical temperature (such as 2°C) and high-humidity environment can disrupt the freezing conditions of the water film on the wire surface. For example, experimental data shows that at a humidity of 90% and a temperature of 3°C, the low-frequency vibration can delay the icing on the wire surface by more than 2 hours, buying time for manual intervention or the system to start full-power de-icing. Wet snow ice (temperature close to 0°C, humidity > 90%): High-frequency vibration can quickly shatter the soft snow ice. Utilizing its characteristic of being easily fragmented due to its high water content, the de-icing efficiency is increased by 30% compared to the fixed-parameter mode. After determining a hard ice environment through temperature and humidity data, the controller 94 automatically extends the high-frequency vibration time (such as increasing from 30 minutes per time to 60 minutes per time), using the continuous impact force to destroy the ice layer structure.

[0067] Through the linkage between the temperature and humidity detection module 92 and the controller 94, the de-icing device has changed from "passively responding to ice coating" to "actively predicting and intervening in the icing process", achieving multi-dimensional improvements in de-icing efficiency, energy consumption control, and equipment safety. This design is especially suitable for cross-regional and climate-complex power transmission networks, which can significantly reduce the line tripping rate caused by ice coating and ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

[0068] In an embodiment provided by the present disclosure, a camera module 93 is provided on the housing 2. The camera module 93 is used to detect the current ice coating image information of the power transmission line 1; the controller 94 is communicatively connected to the camera module 93 to correspondingly control the movement of the vibration module according to the current ice coating image information. The camera module 93 transmits data to the controller 94 by real-time collecting the ice coating image information of the power transmission line 1 (such as ice coating thickness, coverage area, ice layer morphology, etc.). The controller 94 analyzes the image based on a preset algorithm or a machine learning model, determines whether the ice layer thickness exceeds the threshold according to the recognized ice layer thickness, and thus determines whether to start the de-icing program and the ice coating concentrated area (such as the connection of the tower pole, the lowest point of the wire sag, etc.), providing a basis for the precise control of the vibration module. By comparing consecutive images, the ice coating growth rate is predicted, and the de-icing plan is adjusted in advance (such as increasing the vibration frequency or intensity).

[0069] Through precise detection, intelligent decision-making, and dynamic optimization, the de-icing efficiency is significantly improved, the energy consumption is reduced, and key data support is provided for the intelligent operation and maintenance of the power transmission line 1. This improvement is especially suitable for high-altitude or alpine regions with frequent ice coating disasters and complex terrains, which can effectively ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

[0070] Furthermore, a heating and defogging module is provided on the housing 2 to remove the fog on the window of the camera module 93.

[0071] When the de-icing device is operating, heat is generated inside the de-icing device (such as the motor 81, electric heating elements, etc.), resulting in the temperature inside the housing 2 being higher than the external ambient temperature. At this time, condensation water mist will form on the window of the camera module 93 on the housing 2 (such as made of transparent glass or acrylic), seriously obscuring the lens field of view, resulting in blurred and distorted ice-covered images collected, and even the ice-covered state cannot be recognized. By means of the heating and defogging module (electric heating de-icing device), the window area of the camera can be heated, thereby raising the glass surface temperature above the dew point temperature, eliminating the condition of water vapor condensation, and ensuring that the lens always remains clear and transparent.

[0072] Specifically, in the present disclosure, the heating and defogging module is configured as a resistive heating film, which is made of metal (such as nickel-chromium alloy) or conductive polymer, and is attached to the inner side or interlayer of the glass, and generates heat through the Joule effect after being energized.

[0073] In other embodiments, the heating and defogging module is configured as a metal wire heating mesh, and the heating and defogging module is woven into a mesh by thin metal wires (such as stainless steel wires) and embedded in the glass interlayer or fixed on the edge.

[0074] In the present disclosure, a silicone rubber sealing ring is used at the connection between the camera window of the camera module 93 and the housing 2 to block the convection of internal and external air and prevent cold air from directly contacting the inner side of the glass. At the same time, a heat insulation layer (such as ceramic fiber, aerogel) is provided between the heating and defogging module and other components of the housing 2 to avoid heat conduction to unnecessary areas inside the de-icing device and reduce the overall energy consumption.

[0075] In the present disclosure, the transmission line de-icing device further includes a wireless communication module 95, and the controller 94 is connected to the wireless communication module 95 to communicate with the terminal device. The terminal device can display in real time the working status of the de-icing device (such as the start and stop of the vibration module, the state of electric heating and defogging), environmental parameters (temperature, humidity, ice thickness), equipment operation parameters (energy consumption, motor 81 speed), etc. The operation and maintenance personnel can master the overall operation of the equipment without having to visit the site, especially suitable for the detection of transmission lines 1 in remote or high-risk areas.

[0076] The ice-covered images collected by the camera module 93 are synchronized to the terminal through the wireless communication module 95, and the operation and maintenance personnel can intuitively judge the severity of ice covering (such as ice layer thickness, coverage), adjust the vibration frequency in time, or start the coordinated operation of multiple de-icing devices.

[0077] The operation and maintenance personnel remotely control the motion state of the vibration module (such as adjusting the speed of the motor 81 to change the vibration frequency), and switch the working mode of the heating and defogging module (such as adjusting the electric heating power) through the terminal device, so as to ensure the safe and stable operation of the transmission line 1.

[0078] It should be noted that the orientation terms such as "inside" and "outside" refer to the "inside" and "outside" relative to the contour of the transmission line de-icing device. The direction towards the inside of the housing 2 is "inside", and vice versa. In addition, it should be noted that the terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish one element from another, without sequence and importance. Furthermore, in the following description with reference to the drawings, the same reference numerals in different drawings represent the same elements.

[0079] In the present disclosure, the fixing member 100 is configured with 2n pairs of wire clamps, and the wire clamps are connected to the housing 2. In this way, the de-icing device can be firmly fixed on the transmission line 1 through the wire clamps. According to the number of split conductors, wire clamps with 2, 4, 6, or 8 fixing heads can be selected to completely fix it to the conductors, ensuring reliable transmission of the vibration energy of the de-icing device to all split conductors, so that the ice coating can quickly and effectively fall off.

[0080] The de-icing device is equipped with a Rogowski coil 110 module, which is installed on the wire to measure the transient current signal and is used to assist in judging the cause of the line fault and fault location.

[0081] When the temperature sensor detects that the external ambient temperature is greater than 2 degrees, it is determined that the current is higher than the ice formation critical temperature, so there is no ice coating condition, and the de-icing devices such as the simulated wire 3 and the rotating motor 81 are all in the sleep state. Components such as the camera, Rogowski coil 110, central processing unit, and communication module 95 in the de-icing device are all working normally. The camera collects the image information of the channel corridor as needed. The Rogowski coil 110 is in a 24-hour working state, collects the current waveform data and transmits it to the central processing unit in real time. After the central processing unit (CPU) determines that the waveform is abnormal, the waveform data is transmitted to the main station through the communication module 95 for fault analysis. The channel corridor images can be analyzed and processed locally, and information such as wildfires and construction near the channel is transmitted to the main station.

[0082] When the temperature sensor detects that the external environmental temperature is less than 2 degrees, it is determined that the current temperature is below the ice formation critical temperature, so ice formation may occur, and de-icing devices such as the simulated wire 3 and the rotating motor 81 are released from the sleep state. The anti-freezing and anti-icing device rotates one circle every 10 minutes, making the simulated wire 3 in a flexible rotation state to ensure that the pressure sensor accurately collects the ice weight. The pressure sensor transmits the pressure value to the central processing unit in real time. After icing, the pressure value will be significantly greater than the initial value. At this time, the central processing unit starts the timing calculation function, calculates the ice thickness every 5 minutes according to formulas (1) to (7), and transmits data such as the ice thickness value and the pressure value to the remote master station in real time through the communication module 95. When the ice thickness value is greater than 10% of the designed ice thickness of the transmission line 1, the central processing unit intermittently sends a high-frequency rotation instruction to the rotating motor 81, and the de-icing device generates high-frequency vibration. After the vibration is transmitted to the wire, the ice on both the wire and the simulated wire 3 falls off. The central processing unit determines the frequency and interval of the high-frequency vibration according to the real-time measured ice thickness value to achieve the best de-icing effect.

[0083] The communication module 95 of the de-icing device can also receive data such as system settings and instructions sent by the remote master station and has LoRa short-range communication capabilities. The remote master station can remotely start the vibration de-icing of the de-icing device. When the remote communication fails or in a signal-free area, after the operation and maintenance personnel arrive near the de-icing device, they can start the de-icing or set the state of the de-icing device by remote control.

[0084] The method for calculating the ice thickness is as follows:

[0085] After the de-icing device is installed, it is difficult to ensure that it is always in a horizontal state. The de-icing device has an inclination angle A in the horizontal direction and an inclination angle B in the vertical direction. Both angles can be measured by the attitude sensor. The angle problem causes a difference between the pressure value F measured by the pressure sensor and the ice weight, and F0 needs to be obtained through calculation and correction. According to Figure 3 The correction method is shown in formula (1).

[0086]

[0087] From Figure 4 It can be obtained that the force condition of the simulated wire before icing is

[0088]

[0089] where L2 > L1, F0 is the initial pressure value of the pressure sensor in the ice-free state, and G1 and G2 are the weights of the simulated wire inside and outside the de-icing device respectively.

[0090] After icing

[0091]

[0092] F1 is the pressure value of the pressure sensor after icing, and M is the weight of the icing on the simulated wire.

[0093] Subtracting Equation (1) from Equation (2) gives

[0094]

[0095] According to Figure 4 we get

[0096]

[0097] ρ is the density of ice, and g is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0098] According to Equation (3) and Equation (4), we get

[0099]

[0100] The obtained icing thickness value R is

[0101] R = R2 - R1 (7)

[0102] After the de-icing device is installed in the icing-prone section of a certain 500 kV transmission line, the working conditions during the icing period are as follows.

[0103] The span between Tower 51# and Tower 52# is about 440 meters. One de-icing device is installed on each of the ABC three phases at 110 meters and 330 meters away from Tower 51#, and a total of 6 de-icing devices are installed in this span. During a certain icing period in January, the de-icing device analyzed and calculated that the current icing thickness is 23 mm, and the following relevant data was queried: the wire diameter of this line is 28 mm, and the simulated wire lengths L1 and L2 of the de-icing device are 10 cm and 20 cm respectively.

[0104] The initial pressure value of the sensor F0 = 7.2 N, F1 = 135.5 N. The inclination angle A of the housing of the de-icing device with the horizontal direction is 10 degrees, and the inclination angle B in the vertical direction is 5 degrees.

[0105] After correcting F0 and F1 using Equation (1), we get F0 = 7.1 N and F1 = 133.8 N respectively.

[0106] Substituting all the above known quantities into Equation (6) gives

[0107]

[0108] The icing thickness value is

[0109] R = 25.6 - 14 = 11.6 mm

[0110] The designed value of ice coating on the line is 20 mm, and the equivalent ice coating thickness has reached 58% of the designed value. After remotely starting the de-icing device, the ice coating on the line rapidly decreases. After the de-icing device works for 10 minutes, the equivalent ice coating thickness drops to 21%. The de-icing effect is verified by the image data transmitted back by the de-icing device.

[0111] The specific embodiments described above further elaborate on the purpose, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only the specific embodiments of the present invention and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ice removal device for a transmission line, installed in an ice-covered section of the transmission line, characterized in that, The ice removal device for the transmission line includes: A metal housing, which is connected to the transmission line through a fixing member; A simulated wire, which is formed into a structure adapted to the transmission line. The simulated wire is arranged on the housing and partially extends out of the housing to be exposed to the external environment; A vibration module, which is arranged on the housing and is used to apply the generated high-frequency vibration to the transmission line so that the ice covering the transmission line falls off; A pressure detection module, which is arranged on the simulated wire and is used to detect the ice covering pressure information of the simulated wire; and, A controller, which is communicatively connected to the vibration module and the pressure detection module. The controller correspondingly controls the vibration module to perform corresponding actions according to the ice covering pressure information.

2. The ice removal device for a transmission line according to claim 1, wherein The ice removal device for the transmission line includes an energy acquisition module and an energy storage module electrically connected to the energy acquisition module; The energy storage module is arranged on the housing, and the energy acquisition module is installed on the wire. The energy acquisition module is used to acquire the electric energy of the wire; The energy storage module is used to store the acquired electric energy in its battery; The battery is electrically connected to the vibration module.

3. The ice removal device for a transmission line according to claim 1, wherein An anti-freezing module is further provided in the housing. The anti-freezing module contacts the simulated wire but is not rigidly connected, so as to be able to push the simulated wire to rotate during movement.

4. The ice removal device for a transmission line according to claim 3, wherein The anti-freezing module includes a motor and a fan-shaped eccentric body. The output shaft of the motor is connected to the eccentric body. When the motor rotates, the eccentric body gradually abuts against the simulated wire and drives the simulated wire to rotate; when the motor resets, the eccentric body gradually releases the abutment against the simulated wire.

5. The ice removal device for transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibration module includes a motor and an eccentric member. The motor is connected to the housing, and the output shaft of the motor is connected to the eccentric member, so that high-frequency vibration can be generated when the motor rotates.

6. The ice removal device for a transmission line according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The ice removal device for the transmission line further includes an attitude detection module, which is arranged on the housing to detect the current attitude information of the housing; the controller is communicatively connected to the attitude detection module to correspondingly control the motion state of the vibration module according to the current attitude information.

7. The ice removal device for a transmission line according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, A temperature detection module and / or a humidity detection module are arranged on the housing. The temperature detection module is used to detect the current ambient temperature information; the controller is communicatively connected to the temperature detection module to correspondingly control the motion state of the vibration module according to the current ambient temperature information; The humidity detection module is used to detect the current ambient humidity information; the controller is communicatively connected to the humidity detection module to correspondingly control the motion state of the vibration module according to the current ambient humidity information.

8. The ice removal device for transmission lines according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, A camera module is arranged on the housing. The camera module is used to detect the current ice covering image information of the transmission line; the controller is communicatively connected to the camera module to correspondingly control the motion of the vibration module according to the current ice covering image information.

9. The ice removal device for a transmission line according to claim 8, characterized in that, A heating and defogging module is arranged on the housing to remove the fog on the window of the camera module.

10. The ice removal device for a transmission line according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The ice removal device for the transmission line further includes a wireless communication module. The controller is connected to the wireless communication module to communicate with a terminal device.

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