Claw pole type stepping motor with encoder

Abstract

The claw-pole stepping motor comprises a motor main body, a surface cover fixed at the top of the motor main body, and a lower cover and an upper cover which are sequentially mounted at the top of the surface cover, the motor main body comprises a shell, a lead box mounted on the side wall of the shell, a rotating shaft, four vertical shafts distributed at the periphery of the output shaft in a circular arc shape, and an output shaft, gears meshed in sequence are installed on all the shafts, power of the rotating shafts is transmitted to the output shaft, a cover plate is installed in the lower cover, and the cover plate covers the upper ends of the rotating shafts and the upper ends of the four vertical shafts; a shaft sleeve is mounted on the surface cover, a shaft hole is formed in the upper cover, one end of the output shaft is rotatably mounted in the shaft sleeve, and the other end is in clearance fit with the shaft hole and vertically extends out of the shaft hole; according to the invention, foreign matters entering between the gears can be reduced, offset during rotation of the output shaft is reduced, and the problem that the surface cover, the lower cover and the upper cover are easy to fall off is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motors, and particularly to a claw-pole type stepping motor with an encoder. Background Art

[0002] In a claw-pole type stepping motor, the stator phase windings are axially arranged, and the stator magnetic poles are called claw poles, which are formed by stamping a magnetic steel plate; the rotor is a cylindrical permanent magnet with an output shaft installed at its center; its working principle is based on the interaction between the magnetic field and the current. When current is supplied to the windings of the motor by a driver, a rotating magnetic field is generated in the windings. This rotating magnetic field interacts with the magnetic field of the permanent magnet, causing the claw pole group to be subjected to force and start to rotate. By controlling the direction and magnitude of the current, the rotation angle and speed of the motor can be controlled.

[0003] A claw-pole type stepping motor with an encoder combines the advantages of a claw-pole type stepping motor and an encoder. An encoder is a sensor used to detect the rotation angle, speed, and position of the motor. The claw-pole type stepping motor provides a feedback signal through the encoder to achieve closed-loop control.

[0004] In existing stepping motors, foreign matters such as dust and debris enter between the gears, resulting in an increase in resistance and even jamming; the output shaft has a large angular offset during rotation; between the upper cover and the lower cover, and between the lower cover and the face cover, adhesive bonding or screw connection is used for fixation; when using adhesive bonding for fixation, the connection is not firm and is prone to falling off; when using screw fixation, the number of screws is large and the installation is relatively cumbersome; and the face cover is relatively thin, generally within 1 millimeter, and the contact area between the screw and the screw hole formed in the face cover is small, which is also prone to falling off. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a claw-pole type stepping motor with an encoder to solve the problems that foreign matters such as dust and debris enter between the gears, the output shaft deflects during rotation, and it is easy for the face cover, lower cover, and upper cover to fall off.

[0006] A claw-pole type stepping motor with an encoder, comprising a motor body, a face cover fixed on the top of the motor body, a lower cover and an upper cover sequentially installed on the top of the face cover. The motor body includes a housing, a lead box installed on the side wall of the housing, a rotating shaft, four vertical shafts distributed in an arc around the output shaft, and an output shaft. Gears are installed on each shaft and are engaged in sequence to transmit the power of the rotating shaft to the output shaft. A cover plate is installed inside the lower cover, and the cover plate covers the upper ends of the rotating shaft and the four vertical shafts; a bushing is installed on the face cover, a shaft hole is provided on the upper cover, one end of the output shaft is rotatably installed in the bushing, and the other end is in clearance fit with the shaft hole and vertically extends out of the shaft hole; a communication terminal electrically connected to the encoder is installed on the top of the cover plate, and a magnetic steel ring is sleeved on the output shaft between the cover plate and the upper cover; a plurality of lower card slots are radially provided on the face cover, and a plurality of upper card slots are radially provided on the outer wall of the upper cover. The lower card slots and the upper card slots are regularly distributed in a ring shape; a plurality of lower hooks are axially provided on the lower end outer wall of the lower cover, and the plurality of lower hooks are correspondingly placed in the plurality of lower card slots to fixedly connect the face cover and the lower cover; a plurality of upper hooks are axially provided on the upper end outer wall of the lower cover, and the plurality of upper hooks are placed in the positions of the plurality of upper card slots to fixedly connect the lower cover and the upper cover.

[0007] In some embodiments, both the lower card slots and the upper card slots are U-shaped slots, and a baffle is provided at the lower end of the upper card slot; both the lower hooks and the upper hooks include a card plate, a trapezoidal card block provided on the inner side of the free end of the card plate, a guiding inclined surface is provided on the inner side of the trapezoidal card block, a clamping surface is provided at the upper end of the trapezoidal card block, and a gap is formed between the clamping surface and the end surface of the lower cover; the trapezoidal card block of the lower hook is located at the lower end of the face cover, and the clamping surface of the lower hook abuts against the lower end plane of the face cover; the trapezoidal card block of the upper hook is located in the upper card slot at the upper end of the baffle, and the clamping surface of the upper hook abuts against the upper end plane of the baffle.

[0008] In some embodiments, a plurality of limiting slots are regularly provided on the top of the housing, and a plurality of outwardly protruding limiting plates are radially provided on the outer wall of the face cover. The plurality of limiting plates are correspondingly placed in the plurality of limiting slots to prevent the face cover from rotating axially.

[0009] In some embodiments, the lower hooks and the upper hooks are elastic and can expand outward and automatically reset under the action of an external force.

[0010] In some embodiments, the lower hooks and the upper hooks are arranged staggeredly and are not on the same vertical line.

[0011] In some embodiments, two reinforcing plates are symmetrically provided on the outer walls of the housing and the lower cover. Each reinforcing plate extends radially, and the two reinforcing plates on the same side are locked by fasteners.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0013] 1. A cover plate covers the upper ends of the rotating shaft and the four vertical shafts, and covers each transmission gear to reduce the entry of foreign matters such as dust and debris;

[0014] 2. One end of the output shaft is rotatably installed in the shaft sleeve, and the other end is in clearance fit with the shaft hole, improving the rotational stability of the output shaft, reducing offset, and improving the accuracy of the rotation angle of the encoder induction magnetic steel ring;

[0015] 3. Multiple lower hooks are correspondingly placed in multiple lower card slots to make the face cover and the lower cover snap-fitted and fixed; multiple upper hooks are axially arranged on the outer wall of the upper end of the lower cover, and the multiple upper hooks are placed in the positions of multiple upper card slots to make the lower cover and the upper cover snap-fitted and fixed; through the above structure, the snap-fitting and fixing between the face cover and the lower cover, and between the lower cover and the upper cover are realized, the installation is convenient, the connection is firm, and it is not easy to fall off;

[0016] 4. Two reinforcing plates are symmetrically arranged on the outer walls of the housing and the lower cover, and each reinforcing plate extends radially. The two reinforcing plates on the same side are locked by fasteners. Through the above structure, the connection firmness between components is further improved.

[0017] The additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be further given in the following description, some of which will become obvious from the following description, or will be understood through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become obvious and easy to understand from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a split structural schematic diagram of

[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a further split structural schematic diagram of

[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 3 an enlarged view of part A in

[0023] Figure 5 is a combined structural schematic diagram of the face cover, the lower cover and the upper cover;

[0024] Figure 6 is Figure 5 a split structural schematic diagram of

[0025] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the upper cover;

[0026] Figure 8 isFigure 5 Schematic upward view structure diagram;

[0027] Figure 9 It is a schematic structure diagram of the lower cover.

[0028] Reference numerals:

[0029] Motor main body 1, face cover 2, lower cover 3, upper cover 4, outer shell 5, lead box 6,

[0030] Rotating shaft 7, vertical shaft 8, output shaft 9, cover plate 11, bushing 12, shaft hole 13,

[0031] Communication terminal 14, magnetic steel ring 15, lower card slot 16, upper card slot 17, lower hook

[0032] 18, upper hook 19, baffle 20, trapezoidal block 21, guiding inclined plane 22, card

[0033] Contact surface 23, card plate 24, limit slot 25, limit plate 26, reinforcement plate 27, screw

[0034] Hole 28. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that in terms of orientation description, such as the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., the orientation or positional relationship indicated is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "several" is one or more, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, and understandings such as "greater than", "less than", "exceeding", etc. do not include the present number, and understandings such as "above", "below", "within", etc. include the present number. If there is a description of "first" and "second", it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] Refer to Figures 1 - 9, A claw-pole type stepping motor with an encoder, comprising a motor body 1, a face cover 2 fixed on the top of the motor body 1, a lower cover 3 and an upper cover 4 sequentially installed on the top of the face cover 2. The motor body 1 includes a housing 5, a lead box 6 installed on the side wall of the housing 5, a rotating shaft 7, four vertical shafts 8 distributed in an arc around the output shaft 9, and an output shaft 9. A gear is installed on each of the rotating shaft 7, the four vertical shafts 8 and the output shaft 9, and the multiple gears are sequentially engaged to transmit the power of the rotating shaft 7 to the output shaft 9. Driving the output shaft 9 by the rotating shaft 7 of the stepping motor through multiple gears is a common mechanical transmission method, and this design can achieve various functions, including but not limited to speed reduction, speed increase, rotation direction change, etc.; a cover plate 11 is installed inside the lower cover 3, and the cover plate 11 covers the upper ends of the rotating shaft 7 and the four vertical shafts 8, and at the same time covers the multiple gears; the lead box 6 is used to protect the motor leads, facilitate wiring and make it more beautiful, and a through hole for the output shaft 9 to pass through is opened on the cover plate 11; a bushing 12 is installed on the face cover 2, which is roughly cylindrical, and a shaft hole 13 is opened on the upper cover 4. One end of the output shaft 9 is rotatably installed in the bushing 12, and the other end is in clearance fit with the shaft hole 13 and vertically extends out of the shaft hole 13 to keep the output shaft 9 in a vertical state, and when it rotates at high speed, the offset is reduced and stability is maintained; an encoder and a communication terminal 14 electrically connected to the encoder are installed on the top of the cover plate 11. The communication terminal 14 can be used to convert the electrical signals generated inside the encoder into signals that can be recognized and processed by external devices, and functions such as signal transmission, power connection, signal conditioning, forward and reverse judgment, zero position reference, and fault diagnosis are achieved. A magnetic steel ring 15 is sleeved on the output shaft 9 between the cover plate 11 and the upper cover 4; a plurality of lower card slots 16 are radially opened on the face cover 2, and a plurality of upper card slots 17 are radially opened on the outer wall of the upper cover 4. The lower card slots 16 and the upper card slots 17 are regularly distributed in a ring shape; a plurality of lower hooks 18 are axially arranged on the lower outer wall of the lower cover 3, and the plurality of lower hooks 18 are correspondingly placed in the plurality of lower card slots 16 to fixedly connect the face cover 2 and the lower cover 3; a plurality of upper hooks 19 are axially arranged on the upper outer wall of the lower cover 3, and the plurality of upper hooks 19 are placed in the positions of the plurality of upper card slots 17 to fixedly connect the lower cover 3 and the upper cover 4. Through the above structure, the cover plate covers the upper ends of the rotating shaft and the four vertical shafts, and covers each transmission gear, reducing the entry of foreign matters such as dust and debris; one end of the output shaft is rotatably installed in the bushing, and the other end is in clearance fit with the shaft hole, improving the rotation stability of the output shaft, reducing the offset, and improving the accuracy of the encoder sensing the rotation angle of the magnetic steel ring; the face cover and the lower cover, and the lower cover and the upper cover are fixedly connected by clamping, which is convenient for installation, firmly connected, and not easy to fall off.

[0040] In some embodiments, both the lower card slot 16 and the upper card slot 17 are U-shaped slots. A baffle 20 is provided at the lower end of the upper card slot 17. The baffle 20 is a flat plate and is located within the upper card slot 17, presenting a stepped shape with the outer wall of the upper cover 4; both the lower catch 18 and the upper catch 19 include a card plate 24, the outer wall of which is an arc surface, and further include a trapezoidal catch block 21 provided on the inner side of the free end of the card plate 24. A guiding inclined surface 22 is provided on the inner side of the trapezoidal catch block 21. During the process of inserting into the card slot, the guiding inclined surface 22 is squeezed, causing the lower catch 18 and the upper catch 19 to deform and expand radially outwards. After the squeezing force disappears, they will automatically reset and achieve clamping; a clamping surface 23 is provided at the upper end of the trapezoidal catch block 21, which is a flat surface. A U-shaped gap is formed between the clamping surface 23 and the end surface of the lower cover 3; the trapezoidal catch block 21 of the lower catch 18 is located at the lower end of the face cover 2, and the clamping surface 23 of the lower catch 18 abuts against the lower end plane of the face cover 2, with the two surfaces in surface-to-surface contact for clamping and fixing to prevent loosening; the trapezoidal catch block 21 of the upper catch 19 is located within the upper card slot 17 at the upper end of the baffle 20, and the clamping surface 23 of the upper catch 19 abuts against the upper end plane of the baffle 20, with the two surfaces in surface-to-surface contact for clamping and fixing to prevent loosening.

[0041] In some embodiments, three limiting slots 25 are regularly formed at the top of the outer shell 5, and three outwardly protruding limiting plates 26 are arranged along the diameter on the outer wall of the face cover 2. The three limiting plates 26 are correspondingly placed within the three limiting slots 25 to prevent the face cover 2 from rotating axially and ensure a firm connection.

[0042] In some embodiments, the lower catch 18 and the upper catch 19 are elastic and can expand outwards and automatically reset under the action of an external force; after the catches are inserted into the card slot, a connection and fixation between them are automatically achieved; specifically, the lower cover 3, the lower catch 18, and the upper catch 19 can be integrally injection-molded with plastic, which is convenient and fast, and has a certain elasticity.

[0043] In some embodiments, the lower catch 18 and the upper catch 19 are arranged staggeredly and are not on the same vertical line; being arranged staggeredly facilitates processing and installation and ensures uniform force application.

[0044] In some embodiments, two reinforcing plates 27 are symmetrically arranged on the outer walls of the outer shell 5 and the lower cover 3. Each reinforcing plate 27 extends radially outwards, and screw holes 28 are correspondingly formed in the reinforcing plates 27. The two reinforcing plates 27 on the same side are locked by passing fasteners through the screw holes 28; the fasteners can be screws, bolts or studs; through the above structure, the connection firmness between components is further improved, and only one or two fasteners are required for fixing on each side, which is simple and convenient.

[0045] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope described in this specification. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A claw-pole type stepping motor with an encoder, comprising a motor main body, a face cover fixed on the top of the motor main body, a lower cover and an upper cover sequentially installed on the top of the face cover. The motor main body includes a housing, a lead box installed on the side wall of the housing, a rotating shaft, four vertical shafts distributed in an arc around the output shaft, and an output shaft. Gears are installed on each shaft and are sequentially engaged to transmit the power of the rotating shaft to the output shaft. The characteristics are as follows: A cover plate is installed inside the lower cover, and the cover plate covers the upper ends of the rotating shaft and the four vertical shafts; a shaft sleeve is installed on the face cover, a shaft hole is provided on the upper cover, one end of the output shaft is rotatably installed in the shaft sleeve, the other end is in clearance fit with the shaft hole, and vertically extends out from the shaft hole; a communication terminal electrically connected to the encoder is installed on the top of the cover plate, and a magnetic steel ring is sleeved on the output shaft between the cover plate and the upper cover; a plurality of lower card slots are radially provided on the face cover, a plurality of upper card slots are radially provided on the outer wall of the upper cover, and the lower card slots and the upper card slots are regularly distributed in a ring; a plurality of lower hooks are axially provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the lower cover, and the plurality of lower hooks are correspondingly placed in the plurality of lower card slots to fixedly connect the face cover and the lower cover; a plurality of upper hooks are axially provided on the outer wall of the upper end of the lower cover, and the plurality of upper hooks are placed in the positions of the plurality of upper card slots to fixedly connect the lower cover and the upper cover.

2. The claw-pole type stepping motor with an encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the lower card slots and the upper card slots are U-shaped slots, and a baffle is provided at the lower end of the upper card slot; both the lower hooks and the upper hooks include a card plate and a trapezoidal card block provided on the inner side of the free end of the card plate, a guiding inclined surface is provided on the inner side of the trapezoidal card block, a clamping surface is provided at the upper end of the trapezoidal card block, and a gap is formed between the clamping surface and the end surface of the lower cover; the trapezoidal card block of the lower hook is located at the lower end of the face cover, and the clamping surface of the lower hook abuts against the lower end plane of the face cover; the trapezoidal card block of the upper hook is located in the upper card slot at the upper end of the baffle, and the clamping surface of the upper hook abuts against the upper end plane of the baffle.

3. The claw-pole type stepping motor with an encoder according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of limiting slots are regularly provided at the top of the outer shell, and a plurality of outwardly protruding limiting plates are radially provided on the outer wall of the face cover, and the plurality of limiting plates are correspondingly placed in the plurality of limiting slots to prevent the face cover from rotating axially.

4. The claw-pole type stepping motor with an encoder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower hooks and the upper hooks are elastic and can expand outward and automatically reset under the action of an external force.

5. The claw-pole type stepping motor with an encoder according to claim 4, wherein: The lower hooks and the upper hooks are arranged staggeredly and are not on the same vertical line.

6. The claw-pole type stepping motor with an encoder according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two reinforcing plates are symmetrically provided on the outer walls of the outer shell and the lower cover, each reinforcing plate extends radially, and the two reinforcing plates on the same side are locked by fasteners.

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