Flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device and method

Abstract

The flat single-shaft tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device comprises a particle cleaning and cooling system and a flat single-shaft tracking system, a rotating device supporting frame is supported on a base, a rotating shaft is rotatably supported on the rotating device supporting frame, a photovoltaic panel supporting frame is fixed to the rotating shaft, a photovoltaic panel is fixed to the photovoltaic panel supporting frame, and the photovoltaic panel is fixed to the photovoltaic panel supporting frame. The rotating device is fixed to the rotating device supporting frame and drives a rotating shaft to rotate through a coupler so as to rotate the photovoltaic panel supporting frame. The particle cleaning and cooling system comprises a particle cooling bin, a particle cleaning bin and a particle baffle, the particle cooling bin and the particle cleaning bin are fixed to the two ends of the photovoltaic panel supporting frame respectively and close to the frame of the photovoltaic panel parallel to the extending direction of the rotating shaft, and the particle baffle is located on the outer side of the frame of the photovoltaic panel perpendicular to the extending direction of the rotating shaft. And the particle cooling bin, the particle cleaning bin and the particle baffle plate enclose the space around the light receiving surface of the photovoltaic panel during working.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic equipment, in particular to a flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device and method. Background Art

[0002] The daily power generation of photovoltaic panels can be reduced by 10%-15% due to dust accumulation. In addition, the surface temperature of photovoltaic panels is also a core factor affecting their power generation efficiency, and their output power is significantly negatively correlated with temperature.

[0003] Currently, more and more power stations adopt flat single-axis tracking systems to improve power generation efficiency. Flat single-axis photovoltaic power stations adjust the angle of photovoltaic modules through a single rotating shaft to track the sun's trajectory. Compared with fixed brackets, flat single-axis tracking systems can improve power generation efficiency by 10%-30%. Compared with dual-axis tracking systems, their mechanical structure and control system are simple, with lower initial investment and maintenance costs, and good wind resistance.

[0004] There are already many devices for cleaning flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panels. In the patent with the application number 202311443242.3, a cleaning robot based on a flat single-axis and flexible bracket is disclosed, which can wash the surface of photovoltaic power generation panels through a mobile water washing system. Due to low precipitation and water resource shortage, the method of water washing conflicts with the goal of ecological protection, and the water treatment equipment and water conveyance costs are relatively high. In the patent with the application number 202411675880.2, a rolling brush type intelligent flat single-axis photovoltaic cleaning robot is disclosed, which cleans the dust on the surface of photovoltaic panels through rolling brushes. In desert areas with strong winds, rolling brush cleaning is likely to cause secondary dust adhesion on the surface of photovoltaic panels, and it is difficult to effectively clean dirt such as bird droppings adhered to the surface of photovoltaic panels. Currently, there is an urgent need to develop a comprehensive management device and strategy for the temperature and cleaning of flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panels.

[0005] The information disclosed in the background art section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present invention, and therefore may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies or defects existing in the prior art, a flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device and method are provided. By controlling the movement state of particles on the surface of photovoltaic panels through the rotational movement of the flat single-axis tracking system, the cleaning, cooling, and particle circulation of photovoltaic panels are realized, which is simple and efficient, and the operation and maintenance are simple.

[0007] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0008] A flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device includes a particle cleaning and cooling system and a flat single-axis tracking system. The flat single-axis tracking system includes Base Rotating device support frame, which is supported on the base Rotating shaft, which is rotatably supported on the rotating device support frame Photovoltaic panel support frame, which is fixed on the rotating shaft Photovoltaic panel, which is fixed on the photovoltaic panel support frame Rotating device, which is fixed on the rotating device support frame and drives the rotating shaft to rotate through a coupling to rotate the photovoltaic panel support frame The particle cleaning and cooling system includes a particle cooling bin, a particle cleaning bin and a particle baffle. The particle cooling bin and the particle cleaning bin are respectively fixed at both ends of the photovoltaic panel support frame and close to the frame of the photovoltaic panel extending in the direction parallel to the rotating shaft. The particle baffle is located outside the frame of the photovoltaic panel extending in the direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft. The particle cooling bin, the particle cleaning bin and the particle baffle enclose the space around the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic panel during operation

[0009] In the flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device, the flat single-axis tracking system drives the particle cleaning and cooling system and the photovoltaic panel to rotate with the rotating shaft. The particles flow on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel driven by gravity and are alternately stored between the particle cooling bin and the particle cleaning bin to complete the cleaning and cooling of the photovoltaic panel surface. The cleaning and cooling intensity is adjusted by the height difference between the particle cooling bin and the particle cleaning bin and the particle flow rate

[0010] In the flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device, the particle cooling bin includes Particle cooling bin housing Particle cooling bin loading port baffle, which is arranged at the top of the particle cooling bin housing Particle cooling bin orifice plate, which is arranged at the bottom of the particle cooling bin housing Particle cooling bin discharge port baffle, which is located on the side of the particle cooling bin housing facing the particle cleaning bin to release the particles for cleaning and cooling the photovoltaic panel surface to the photovoltaic panel surface. The opening degree of the particle cooling bin discharge port baffle is controlled by a particle cooling bin discharge port baffle driving device Particle cooling bin slide module, which is arranged at both ends of the particle cooling bin housing and connected to the particle baffle to drive the particle baffle to move in the direction perpendicular to the photovoltaic panel plane Fan, which is fixed on the particle cooling bin loading port baffle to blow towards the particles in the particle cooling bin Phase change cooling system, which is fixed on the other side of the particle cooling bin housing away from the particle cleaning bin The particle cooling bin stirring device is arranged inside the shell of the particle cooling bin and is connected to the particle cooling bin motor and the particle cooling bin bearing seat assembly fixed on the shell of the particle cooling bin. It is driven by the particle cooling bin motor to rotate to stir the particles in the particle cooling bin, so that the particles are in full contact with the heat exchange surface of the phase change cooling system, and the dust particles are discharged from the particle cooling bin through the orifice plate of the particle cooling bin.

[0011] In the flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device, there is a heating module in the phase change cooling system to heat the particles in the particle cooling bin, for defrosting the surface of the photovoltaic panel and raising the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel.

[0012] In the flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device, the particle cleaning bin includes The shell of the particle cleaning bin The baffle of the particle cleaning bin loading port, which is located at the top of the shell of the particle cleaning bin The first orifice plate of the particle cleaning bin, which is located at the bottom of the shell of the particle cleaning bin The second orifice plate of the particle cleaning bin, which is located on the side of the shell of the particle cleaning bin away from the particle cooling bin The baffle of the particle cleaning bin release port, which is located on the other side of the shell of the particle cleaning bin close to the particle cooling bin to release the particles for cleaning and cooling the photovoltaic panel surface. Its opening degree is controlled by the driving device of the baffle of the particle cleaning bin release port. The sliding table module of the particle cleaning bin, which is connected to the particle baffle to drive the particle baffle to move in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the photovoltaic panel. The particle cleaning bin stirring device is arranged inside the shell of the particle cleaning bin and is connected to the particle cleaning bin motor and the particle cleaning bin bearing seat assembly fixed on the shell of the particle cleaning bin. It is driven by the particle cleaning bin motor to rotate to stir the particles in the shell of the particle cleaning bin, so that the dust is discharged from the particle cleaning bin through the first orifice plate and the second orifice plate of the particle cleaning bin.

[0013] In the flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device, a dust accumulation monitoring device is arranged between the photovoltaic panel and the baffle of the particle cleaning bin release port.

[0014] In the flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device, a temperature detection device is arranged on the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0015] In the flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device, the particle diameter is larger than the dust diameter, the orifice plate diameter of the particle cooling bin, the first orifice plate of the particle cleaning bin and the second orifice plate of the particle cleaning bin. The particle is a solid particle and / or a hollow particle encapsulating a phase change medium and / or a combination of both. The hardness of the particle is lower than the hardness of the surface material of the photovoltaic panel.

[0016] The cleaning method of the flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device includes: Set the rotation device of the flat single-axis tracking system to drive the photovoltaic panel to reach an angle with the horizontal plane at different times according to the season and the trajectory of the sun from sunrise to sunset; Set the cleaning mode according to the operating environment of the photovoltaic panel, which includes the tracking cleaning mode and the deep cleaning mode; Set the angle between the photovoltaic panel and the horizontal plane when the particle cleaning and cooling system starts according to different cleaning intensities. When the particle cleaning bin is at a higher position than the particle cooling bin, this angle is the first particle cleaning angle. When the particle cleaning bin is at a lower position than the particle cooling bin, this angle is the second particle cleaning angle; In the tracking cleaning mode, the cleaning of the photovoltaic panel is coupled with the light-tracking movement of the photovoltaic panel; during the process from sunrise to noon, the particles are stored in the particle cleaning bin. When the angle between the photovoltaic panel and the horizontal plane is equal to the first particle cleaning angle, the slide module of the particle cooling bin and the slide module of the particle cleaning bin drive the particle baffle to move towards the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel, closing the outside of the photovoltaic panel frame perpendicular to the axis of rotation; the release port baffle of the particle cooling bin is opened to the maximum angle; set the required cleaning particle flow according to the dust accumulation degree obtained by the dust accumulation monitoring device, open the release port baffle of the particle cleaning bin to the set position, and release particles onto the surface of the photovoltaic panel; the particles move along the surface of the photovoltaic panel under the drive of gravity and finally flow into the particle cooling bin to complete the first cleaning of the surface of the photovoltaic panel; the release port baffle of the particle cooling bin and the release port baffle of the particle cleaning bin are closed; the slide module of the particle cooling bin and the slide module of the particle cleaning bin drive the particle baffle to move towards the lower surface of the photovoltaic panel to prevent the particle baffle from affecting the sunlight from shining on the surface of the photovoltaic panel; during the process from noon to sunset, the particles are stored in the particle cooling bin. When the angle between the photovoltaic panel and the horizontal plane is equal to the second particle cleaning angle, the slide module of the particle cooling bin and the slide module of the particle cleaning bin drive the particle baffle to move towards the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel, closing the outside of the photovoltaic panel frame perpendicular to the axis of rotation; the release port baffle of the particle cleaning bin is opened to the maximum angle; set the cleaning particle flow according to the dust accumulation degree obtained by the dust accumulation monitoring device, open the release port baffle of the particle cooling bin to an appropriate position, and release particles onto the surface of the photovoltaic panel; the particles move along the surface of the photovoltaic panel under the drive of gravity and finally flow into the particle cleaning bin to complete the second cleaning of the surface of the photovoltaic panel; the release port baffle of the particle cooling bin and the release port baffle of the particle cleaning bin are closed, and the slide module of the particle cooling bin and the slide module of the particle cleaning bin drive the particle baffle to move towards the lower surface of the photovoltaic panel to prevent the particle baffle from affecting the sunlight from shining on the surface of the photovoltaic panel; In the deep cleaning mode, the rotating device drives the photovoltaic panel to rotate to the first particle cleaning angle, and starts the first cleaning of the photovoltaic panel surface; when all the particles flow into the particle cooling bin, the rotating device drives the photovoltaic panel to rotate to the second particle cleaning angle, and starts the second cleaning of the photovoltaic panel surface; when all the particles flow into the particle cleaning bin, the dust accumulation monitoring device monitors the cleanliness of the photovoltaic panel surface. If the set cleaning degree is reached, the deep cleaning mode is exited; if the set cleaning degree is not reached, the rotating device drives the photovoltaic panel to rotate to the first particle cleaning angle, and repeats the first cleaning of the photovoltaic panel surface, and cycles until the set cleaning degree is reached.

[0017] The cooling method of the flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device includes, S1: According to the operating environment of the photovoltaic panel, set the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel and the target cooling temperature when the cooling mode is started; S2: Set the angle between the photovoltaic panel and the horizontal plane when the particle cleaning and cooling system is started according to different cooling intensities. When the particle cleaning bin is at a higher position than the particle cooling bin, this angle is the first particle cooling angle; when the particle cleaning bin is at a lower position than the particle cooling bin, this angle is the second particle cooling angle; S3: When the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel reaches the set cooling temperature, start the cooling mode. The rotating device drives the photovoltaic panel to rotate to the first particle cooling angle. The sliding table modules of the particle cooling bin and the particle cleaning bin drive the particle baffle to move towards the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel, closing the outside of the photovoltaic panel frame perpendicular to the axis of rotation; the release port baffle of the particle cooling bin is opened to the maximum angle; set the cooling particle flow according to the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel obtained by the temperature monitoring device, open the release port baffle of the particle cleaning bin to the set position, and release particles onto the photovoltaic panel surface; the particles move along the photovoltaic panel surface under the drive of gravity and finally flow into the particle cooling bin to complete the first cooling of the photovoltaic panel surface; close the release port baffle of the particle cooling bin and the release port baffle of the particle cleaning bin, and turn on the particle cooling bin stirring device, fan and phase change cooling system in the particle cooling bin to cool the particles; S4: Monitor the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel through the temperature monitoring device. If the target cooling temperature is not reached, the rotating device drives the photovoltaic panel to rotate to the second particle cooling angle, and the release port baffle of the particle cleaning bin is opened to the maximum angle; set the cooling particle flow according to the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel obtained by the temperature monitoring device, open the release port baffle of the particle cooling bin to release particles onto the photovoltaic panel surface; the particles move along the photovoltaic panel surface under the drive of gravity and finally flow into the particle cleaning bin to complete the second cooling of the photovoltaic panel surface; close the release port baffle of the particle cooling bin and the release port baffle of the particle cleaning bin, and turn on the particle cleaning bin stirring device; S5: Monitor the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel through the temperature monitoring device. If the target cooling temperature is not reached, repeat step S3. If the target cooling temperature is reached, exit the cooling mode; the particle cooling bin slide module and the particle cleaning bin slide module drive the particle baffle to move towards the lower surface of the photovoltaic panel to prevent the particle baffle from affecting the sunlight from irradiating the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects brought by the present invention are as follows: The conveying of the cleaning particles of the present invention is realized through the flat single-axis tracking system, with a simple and efficient structure and low cost; the cleaning and cooling intensity are adjusted through the height difference and particle flow between the particle cooling bin and the particle cleaning bin, which can prevent excessive wear on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, can realize different cleaning and cooling intensity adjustments, and has strong adaptability to different types of dust, dirt and other impurities in different regions; the surface cleaning mode of the photovoltaic panel is divided into a tracking cleaning mode and a deep cleaning mode, which can be set according to the operating environment of the photovoltaic panel. The tracking cleaning mode realizes the cleaning of the surface of the photovoltaic panel with the light-tracking movement of the photovoltaic panel, has little impact on the flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel, and theoretically can be cleaned twice a day with high cleaning efficiency. The device can realize the completely waterless cleaning of the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel. The particle cleaning and cooling system can clean the strongly adhesive dirt on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, such as bird droppings, by spraying water with a drone. One single operation can clean and cool a row of photovoltaic panels in the flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel group, with high cleaning efficiency. The particles used for cleaning can be recycled, and particles with relatively small hardness and low cost can be used, with low operation and maintenance costs. Different photovoltaic panels in the flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel group are cleaned and cooled by setting a moving device on the particle cleaning and cooling system. The particle cooling bin can also heat the particles for raising the temperature of the photovoltaic panel surface.

[0019] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to make the technical means of the present invention clearer and to the extent that those skilled in the art can implement it according to the content of the specification, and in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following takes the specific embodiments of the present invention as examples for illustration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] By reading the detailed description of the preferred specific embodiments below, various other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become clear to those of ordinary skill in the art. The drawings in the specification are only for the purpose of showing the preferred embodiments and are not considered to be a limitation of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts. Moreover, throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components.

[0021] In the drawings: Figure 1 Axonometric schematic diagram of the main body component of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Top view of the main body component of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Rear view of the main body component of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 Left view of the main body component of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 Axonometric schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the particle cooling bin, particle cleaning bin and particle baffle of the present invention; Figure 6 Bottom view of the assembly structure of the particle cooling bin, particle cleaning bin and particle baffle of the present invention; Figure 7 Top view of the assembly structure of the particle cooling bin without the particle cooling bin loading port and fan, the particle cleaning bin without the particle cleaning bin loading port and the particle baffle of the present invention; In the figure: 1. Particle cooling bin; 2. Particle cleaning bin; 3. Particle baffle; 4. Photovoltaic panel; 5. Photovoltaic panel support frame; 6. Rotating shaft; 7. Base; 8. Rotating device support frame; 9. Rotating device; 10. Coupling; 1-1. Particle cooling bin housing; 1-2. Particle cooling bin loading port baffle; 1-3. Particle cooling bin discharge port baffle; 1-4. Particle cooling bin perforated plate; 1-5. Particle cooling bin discharge port baffle driving device; 1-6. Particle cooling bin motor; 1-7. Particle cooling bin bearing seat assembly; 1-8. Particle cooling bin slide table module; 1-9. Fan; 1-10. Phase change cooling system; 1-11. Particle cooling bin stirring device; 2-1. Particle cleaning bin housing; 2-2. Particle cleaning bin loading port baffle; 2-3. Particle cleaning bin discharge port baffle; 2-4. First perforated plate of particle cleaning bin; 2-5. Particle cleaning bin discharge port baffle driving device; 2-6. Particle cleaning bin motor; 2-7. Particle cleaning bin bearing seat assembly; 2-8. Particle cleaning bin slide table module; 2-9. Particle cleaning bin stirring device; 2-10. Second perforated plate of particle cleaning bin.

[0022] The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings. Although specific embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be more thoroughly understood and the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0024] It should be noted that in the description and claims, certain terms are used to refer to specific components. Those skilled in the art should understand that technicians may use different nouns to refer to the same component. The description and claims of this specification do not use the difference in nouns as a way to distinguish components, but use the difference in the functions of components as the criterion for distinction. For example, the terms "comprising" or "including" mentioned throughout the description and claims are open-ended terms, so they should be interpreted as "including but not limited to". The subsequent description in the specification is the preferred embodiment for implementing the present invention, but the description is for the purpose of the general principles of the specification and is not used to limit the scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to that defined by the appended claims.

[0025] For the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present invention, the following will further explain with several specific embodiments in conjunction with the drawings, and each drawing does not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] For better understanding, as Figures 1 to 7 shown, the flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device includes a particle cleaning and cooling system and a flat single-axis tracking system. The flat single-axis tracking system includes: a base 7, a rotating device support frame 8, which is supported on the base 7, a rotating shaft 6, which is rotatably supported on the rotating device support frame 8, a photovoltaic panel support frame 5, which is fixed on the rotating shaft 6, a photovoltaic panel 4, which is fixed on the photovoltaic panel support frame 5, a rotating device 9, which is fixed on the rotating device support frame 8 and drives the rotating shaft 6 to rotate through a coupling 10 to rotate the photovoltaic panel support frame 5; The particle cleaning and cooling system includes a particle cooling bin 1, a particle cleaning bin 2 and a particle baffle 3. The particle cooling bin 1 and the particle cleaning bin 2 are respectively fixed at both ends of the photovoltaic panel support frame 5 and close to the frame of the photovoltaic panel extending in the direction parallel to the rotating shaft 6. The particle baffle 3 is located outside the frame of the photovoltaic panel perpendicular to the extending direction of the rotating shaft 6. The particle cooling bin 1, the particle cleaning bin 2 and the particle baffle 3 enclose the space around the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic panel during operation.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device, the flat single-axis tracking system is provided with devices such as photosensitive sensors and / or GPS to real-time sense the position of the sun. The rotation device 9 is controlled by a control system to drive the particle cleaning and cooling system and the photovoltaic panel 4 to rotate along the rotation axis 6. By adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel 4, it can capture solar radiation energy to the maximum extent. During the rotation of the photovoltaic panel 4, when the photovoltaic panel 4 rotates to the set cleaning and cooling angle, the particle cleaning and cooling system starts to clean and cool the photovoltaic panel. The particle cleaning and cooling system releases particles onto the surface of the photovoltaic panel. The particles flow on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel 4 driven by gravity and are alternately stored between the particle cooling bin 1 and the particle cleaning bin 2, completing the cleaning and cooling of the surface of the photovoltaic panel 4. The cleaning and cooling intensity is adjusted through the height difference between the particle cooling bin 1 and the particle cleaning bin 2, that is, the cleaning and cooling angle, and the particle flow rate.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device, the particle cooling bin 1 includes, The particle cooling bin housing 1-1, The particle cooling bin loading port baffle 1-2, which is arranged at the top of the particle cooling bin housing 1-1, The particle cooling bin orifice plate 1-4, which is arranged at the bottom of the particle cooling bin housing 1-1, The particle cooling bin release port baffle 1-3, which is located on one side of the particle cooling bin housing 1-1 facing the particle cleaning bin 2 to release particles for cleaning and cooling the photovoltaic panel onto the surface of the photovoltaic panel. The opening degree of the particle cooling bin release port baffle 1-3 is controlled by the particle cooling bin release port baffle driving device 1-5, The particle cooling bin slide table module 1-8, which is arranged at both ends of the particle cooling bin housing 1-1 and is connected to the particle baffle 3, driving the particle baffle 3 to move in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the photovoltaic panel; The fan 1-9, which is fixed on the particle cooling bin loading port baffle 1-2 to blow towards the particles in the particle cooling bin 1, The phase change cooling system 1-10, which is fixed on the other side of the particle cooling bin housing 1-1 away from the particle cleaning bin 2, The particle cooling bin stirring device 1-11, which is arranged inside the particle cooling bin housing 1-1 and is connected to the particle cooling bin motor 1-6 and the particle cooling bin bearing seat assembly 1-7 fixed on the particle cooling bin housing 1-1. It is driven by the particle cooling bin motor 1-6 to rotate to stir the particles in the particle cooling bin, enabling the particles to fully contact the heat exchange surface of the phase change cooling system and enabling the dust particles to be discharged from the particle cooling bin 1 through the particle cooling bin orifice plate 1-4.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device, there is a heating module in the phase change cooling system 1-10 to heat the particles in the heating particle cooling bin 1, for defrosting the surface of the photovoltaic panel and raising the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device, the particle cleaning bin 2 includes a particle cleaning bin housing 2-1, a particle cleaning bin loading port baffle 2-2, which is located at the top of the particle cleaning bin housing 2-1, a first orifice plate 2-4 of the particle cleaning bin, which is located at the bottom of the particle cleaning bin housing 2-1, a second orifice plate 2-10 of the particle cleaning bin, which is located on the side of the particle cleaning bin housing 2-1 away from the particle cooling bin 1, a particle cleaning bin discharge port baffle 2-3, which is located on the other side of the particle cleaning bin housing 2-1 close to the particle cooling bin 1 to release particles for cleaning and cooling the photovoltaic panel surface, and its opening degree is controlled by a particle cleaning bin discharge port baffle driving device 2-5; a particle cleaning bin sliding table module 2-8, which is connected to the particle baffle 3 to drive the particle baffle 3 to move in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the photovoltaic panel; a particle cleaning bin stirring device 2-9, which is arranged in the particle cleaning bin housing 2-1 and is connected to a particle cleaning bin motor 2-6 and a particle cleaning bin bearing seat assembly 2-7 fixed on the particle cleaning bin housing 2-1, and is driven to rotate by the particle cleaning bin motor 2-6 to stir the particles in the particle cleaning bin housing 2-1, so that dust is discharged from the particle cleaning bin 2 through the first orifice plate 2-4 and the second orifice plate 2-10 of the particle cleaning bin.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device, a dust accumulation monitoring device is arranged between the photovoltaic panel 4 and the particle cleaning bin discharge port baffle 2-3.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device, a temperature detection device is arranged on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 4.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device, the particle diameter is larger than the dust diameter, the diameter of the orifice plate 1-4 of the particle cooling bin, the first orifice plate 2-4 of the particle cleaning bin, and the second orifice plate 2-10 of the particle cleaning bin. The particles are solid particles and / or hollow particles encapsulating a phase change medium and / or a combination of both. The hardness of the particles is lower than the hardness of the surface material of the photovoltaic panel.

[0034] The cleaning method of the flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device includes Set the rotation device 9 of the flat single-axis tracking system to drive the photovoltaic panel 4 to reach an angle with the horizontal plane at different times according to the season and the trajectory of the sun from sunrise to sunset; Set the cleaning mode according to the operating environment of the photovoltaic panel, which includes a tracking cleaning mode and a deep cleaning mode; Set the angle between the photovoltaic panel and the horizontal plane when the particle cleaning and cooling system starts according to different cleaning intensities. When the particle cleaning bin 2 is at a higher position than the particle cooling bin 1, this angle is the first particle cleaning angle. When the particle cleaning bin 2 is at a lower position than the particle cooling bin 1, this angle is the second particle cleaning angle; In the tracking cleaning mode, the cleaning of the photovoltaic panel is coupled with the light-tracking movement of the photovoltaic panel; during the process from sunrise to noon, the particles are stored in the particle cleaning bin 2. When the angle between the photovoltaic panel and the horizontal plane is equal to the first particle cleaning angle, the particle cooling bin slide module 1-8 and the particle cleaning bin slide module 2-8 drive the particle baffle 3 to move towards the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel, closing the outside of the photovoltaic panel frame perpendicular to the axis of rotation; the release port baffle 1-3 of the particle cooling bin is opened to the maximum angle; set the required cleaning particle flow according to the dust accumulation degree obtained by the dust accumulation monitoring device, open the release port baffle 2-3 of the particle cleaning bin to the set position, and release particles onto the surface of the photovoltaic panel; the particles move along the surface of the photovoltaic panel under the drive of gravity and finally flow into the particle cooling bin 1 to complete the first cleaning of the photovoltaic panel surface; the release port baffle 1-3 of the particle cooling bin and the release port baffle 2-3 of the particle cleaning bin are closed; the particle cooling bin slide module 1-8 and the particle cleaning bin slide module 2-8 drive the particle baffle 3 to move towards the lower surface of the photovoltaic panel to prevent the particle baffle 3 from affecting the sunlight irradiating the surface of the photovoltaic panel; during the process from noon to sunset, the particles are stored in the particle cooling bin 1. When the angle between the photovoltaic panel and the horizontal plane is equal to the second particle cleaning angle, the particle cooling bin slide module 1-8 and the particle cleaning bin slide module 2-8 drive the particle baffle 3 to move towards the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel, closing the outside of the photovoltaic panel frame perpendicular to the axis of rotation; the release port baffle 2-3 of the particle cleaning bin is opened to the maximum angle; set the cleaning particle flow according to the dust accumulation degree obtained by the dust accumulation monitoring device, open the release port baffle 1-3 of the particle cooling bin to an appropriate position, and release particles onto the surface of the photovoltaic panel; the particles move along the surface of the photovoltaic panel under the drive of gravity and finally flow into the particle cleaning bin 2 to complete the second cleaning of the photovoltaic panel surface; the release port baffle 1-3 of the particle cooling bin and the release port baffle 2-3 of the particle cleaning bin are closed, and the particle cooling bin slide module 1-8 and the particle cleaning bin slide module 2-8 drive the particle baffle 3 to move towards the lower surface of the photovoltaic panel to prevent the particle baffle 3 from affecting the sunlight irradiating the surface of the photovoltaic panel; In the deep cleaning mode, the rotating device 9 drives the photovoltaic panel to rotate to the first particle cleaning angle, and starts the first cleaning of the photovoltaic panel surface; when all the particles flow into the particle cooling bin 1, the rotating device 9 drives the photovoltaic panel to rotate to the second particle cleaning angle, and starts the second cleaning of the photovoltaic panel surface; when all the particles flow into the particle cleaning bin 2, the dust accumulation monitoring device monitors the cleanliness of the photovoltaic panel surface. If the set cleaning degree is reached, the deep cleaning mode is exited; if the set cleaning degree is not reached, the rotating device 9 drives the photovoltaic panel to rotate to the first particle cleaning angle, and repeats the first cleaning of the photovoltaic panel surface, and cycles until the set cleaning degree is reached.

[0035] The cooling method of the flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device includes, S1: According to the operating environment of the photovoltaic panel, set the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel and the target cooling temperature when the cooling mode is started; S2: Set the angle between the photovoltaic panel and the horizontal plane when the particle cleaning and cooling system is started according to different cooling intensities. When the particle cleaning bin 2 is at a higher position than the particle cooling bin 1, this angle is the first particle cooling angle. When the particle cleaning bin 2 is at a lower position than the particle cooling bin 1, this angle is the second particle cooling angle; S3: When the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel reaches the set cooling temperature, start the cooling mode. The rotating device 9 drives the photovoltaic panel to rotate to the first particle cooling angle. The particle cooling bin slide module 1-8 and the particle cleaning bin slide module 2-8 drive the particle baffle 3 to move towards the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel to close the outside of the photovoltaic panel frame perpendicular to the axis of rotation; the particle cooling bin release port baffle 1-3 is opened to the maximum angle; set the cooling particle flow according to the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel obtained by the temperature monitoring device, open the particle cleaning bin release port baffle 2-3 to the set position, and release particles to the photovoltaic panel surface; the particles move along the photovoltaic panel surface under the drive of gravity and finally flow into the particle cooling bin 1 to complete the first cooling of the photovoltaic panel surface; close the particle cooling bin release port baffle 1-3 and the particle cleaning bin release port baffle 2-3, and turn on the particle cooling bin stirring device 1-11, the fan 1-9 and the phase change cooling system 1-10 in the particle cooling bin 1 to cool the particles; S4: Monitor the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel through the temperature monitoring device. If the target cooling temperature is not reached, the rotating device 9 drives the photovoltaic panel to rotate to the second particle cooling angle, and the particle cleaning bin release port baffle 2-3 is opened to the maximum angle; set the cooling particle flow according to the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel obtained by the temperature monitoring device, and open the particle cooling bin release port baffle 1-3 to release particles to the photovoltaic panel surface; the particles move along the photovoltaic panel surface under the drive of gravity and finally flow into the particle cleaning bin 2 to complete the second cooling of the photovoltaic panel surface; close the particle cooling bin release port baffle 1-3 and the particle cleaning bin release port baffle 2-3, and turn on the particle cleaning bin stirring device 2-9; S5: Monitor the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel through the temperature monitoring device. If the target cooling temperature is not reached, repeat step S3. If the target cooling temperature is reached, exit the cooling mode; the particle cooling bin slide module 1-8 and the particle cleaning bin slide module 2-8 drive the particle baffle 3 to move towards the lower surface of the photovoltaic panel to prevent the particle baffle 3 from affecting the sunlight irradiating the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0036] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 to 7 shown, a flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device includes a particle cleaning and cooling system and a flat single-axis tracking system; the particle cleaning and cooling system includes a particle cooling bin 1, a particle cleaning bin 2, and a particle baffle 3; the flat single-axis tracking system includes a photovoltaic panel support frame 5, a rotating shaft 6, a base 7, a rotating device support frame 8, a rotating device 9, and a coupling 10; the photovoltaic panel 4 is fixed on the photovoltaic panel support frame 5, the photovoltaic panel support frame 5 is fixed on the rotating shaft 6, the rotating device 9 drives the photovoltaic panel support frame 5 to rotate around the rotating shaft 6 through the coupling 10, and the rotating device 9 is fixed on the rotating device support frame 8; the particle cooling bin 1 and the particle cleaning bin 2 are respectively fixed at both ends of the photovoltaic panel support frame 5 and close to the photovoltaic panel frame in the direction parallel to the rotating shaft; the particle baffle 3 is located outside the photovoltaic panel frame in the direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft, and the particle cooling bin 1, the particle cleaning bin 2, and the particle baffle 3 enclose the space around the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic panel during operation; the particle cooling bin 1 includes a particle cooling bin outer shell 1-1, a particle cooling bin loading port baffle 1-2, a particle cooling bin release port baffle 1-3, and a particle cooling bin orifice plate 1-4. The particle cooling bin loading port baffle 1-2 and the particle cooling bin orifice plate 1-4 are respectively located at the top and bottom of the particle cooling bin outer shell 1-1; the particle cooling bin release port baffle 1-3 releases particles for cleaning and cooling the photovoltaic panel to the surface of the photovoltaic panel, and its opening degree is controlled by a particle cooling bin release port baffle driving device 1-5; particle cooling bin slide modules 1-8 are arranged on both sides of the particle cooling bin 1, which are connected to the particle baffle 3 and drive the particle baffle 3 to move in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the photovoltaic panel; the particle cleaning bin 2 includes a particle cleaning bin outer shell 2-1, a particle cleaning bin loading port baffle 2-2, a particle cleaning bin release port baffle 2-3, a particle cleaning bin first orifice plate 2-4, and a particle cleaning bin second orifice plate 2-10; the particle cleaning bin loading port baffle 2-2 is located at the top of the particle cleaning bin outer shell 2-1, the particle cleaning bin first orifice plate 2-4 is located at the bottom of the particle cleaning bin outer shell 2-1, and the particle cleaning bin second orifice plate 2-10 is located at the side of the particle cleaning bin outer shell 2-1; The baffle 2-3 at the discharge opening of the particle cleaning bin releases particles for cleaning and cooling the photovoltaic panel surface, and its opening degree is controlled by the driving device 2-5 of the baffle at the discharge opening of the particle cleaning bin; On both sides of the particle cleaning bin 2, there are particle cleaning bin slide modules 2-8, which are connected to the particle baffle 3 and drive the particle baffle 3 to move in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the photovoltaic panel; An ash accumulation monitoring device is arranged between the photovoltaic panel 4 and the baffle 2-3 at the discharge opening of the particle cleaning bin. When the particles clean the surface of the photovoltaic panel, they will also clean the ash accumulation monitoring device; The single-axis tracking system drives the particle cleaning and cooling system and the photovoltaic panel 4 to rotate around the rotating shaft 6. The particles flow on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel 4 driven by gravity and are alternately stored between the particle cooling bin 1 and the particle cleaning bin 2 to complete the cleaning and cooling of the surface of the photovoltaic panel 4. The cleaning and cooling intensity is adjusted through the height difference and particle flow rate between the particle cooling bin 1 and the particle cleaning bin 2; In the particle cooling bin 1, there is a particle cooling bin stirring device 1-11, which is connected to the particle cooling bin motor 1-6 and the particle cooling bin bearing seat assembly 1-7 fixed on the outer shell 1-1 of the particle cooling bin. It is driven to rotate by the particle cooling bin motor 1-6 to stir the particles in the particle cooling bin and improve the heat exchange efficiency of the particles; The particle cooling bin 1 is provided with a fan 1-9 and a phase change cooling system 1-10 for cooling the particles in the particle cooling bin 1. The fan 1-9 is fixed on the baffle 1-2 at the loading opening of the particle cooling bin, and the phase change cooling system 1-10 is fixed on the side of the outer shell 1-1 of the particle cooling bin. The particle cooling bin stirring device 1-11 enables the particles to fully contact the heat exchange surface of the phase change cooling system, and the dust particles are discharged from the particle cooling bin 1 through the particle cooling bin orifice plate 1-4; In the particle cleaning bin 2, there is a particle cleaning bin stirring device 2-9, which is connected to the particle cleaning bin motor 2-6 and the particle cleaning bin bearing seat assembly 2-7 fixed on the outer shell 2-1 of the particle cleaning bin. It is driven to rotate by the particle cleaning bin motor 2-6 to stir the particles in the particle cleaning bin, so that the dust is discharged from the particle cleaning bin 2 through the first orifice plate 2-4 and the second orifice plate 2-10 of the particle cleaning bin, improving the screening efficiency of the particles and dust; A temperature detection device is arranged on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 4; The particle cleaning and cooling system is installed on the track to realize the cleaning and cooling of different photovoltaic panel surfaces; There is a heating module in the phase change cooling system 1-10 to heat the particles in the particle cooling bin 1, heat the surface of the photovoltaic panel through the cleaning mode, and perform defrosting on the surface of the photovoltaic panel and raise the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel; The particle diameter is larger than the dust diameter, the diameter of the orifice plate 1-4 of the particle cooling bin, the first orifice plate 2-4 of the particle cleaning bin, and the second orifice plate 2-10 of the particle cleaning bin. The particles are solid particles and / or hollow particles encapsulating a phase change medium and / or a combination of both. The hardness of the particles is lower than the hardness of the surface material of the photovoltaic panel. In a flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling method using the above device, the cleaning process includes: patrolling the surface of the photovoltaic panel by a drone carrying a water tank. When strong adhesive dirt, such as bird droppings, is found on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, water is sprayed on the dirt by a high-pressure water gun on the drone to soften the strong adhesive dirt, and then the cleaning mode is activated, and the water and dirt on the surface of the photovoltaic panel are removed by particle flushing. In a flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling method using the above device, after the cleaning and cooling processes are completed, the residual particle cleaning mode of the photovoltaic panel surface is executed. The rotating device 9 drives the photovoltaic panel to rotate so that the angle between the photovoltaic panel and the horizontal plane reaches the maximum value. The residual particles on the surface of the photovoltaic panel flow into the particle cleaning bin 2 or the particle cooling bin 1. After 5 s, the rotating device 9 drives the photovoltaic panel into the light-tracking power generation mode.

[0037] In one embodiment, the particle cleaning and cooling system includes a particle cooling bin, a particle cleaning bin, and particle baffles, which enclose the space around the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic panel during operation. The particle cleaning bin is provided with a stirring device and multiple orifice plates. The particle cooling bin is provided with a stirring device, an orifice plate fan, and a phase change cooling system. The flat single-axis tracking system drives the particle cleaning and cooling system and the photovoltaic panel to rotate around the rotation axis. The particles flow on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel driven by gravity and are alternately stored between the particle cooling bin and the particle cleaning bin to complete the cleaning and cooling of the surface of the photovoltaic panel. The cleaning and cooling intensity is adjusted by the height difference and particle flow rate between the particle cooling bin and the particle cleaning bin. The photovoltaic panel cleaning can be coupled with the light-tracking movement of the photovoltaic panel.

[0038] The flat single-axis tracking system of the present invention enables the photovoltaic panel to automatically track the trajectory of the sun all day long, maximizing the power generation efficiency; supports and drives the particle cleaning and cooling system to rotate synchronously, ensuring that the cleaning / cooling operation is coordinated with the light-chasing movement; provides a basis for adjusting the tilt angle, and provides gravity-driven conditions for the particle flow. The particle cleaning and cooling system stores particles for cleaning and cooling, and controls their release amount, and uses a stirring device to enhance the heat exchange efficiency between the particles and the phase change cooling system; the fan assists air convection to accelerate the heat dissipation of particles; the phase change cooling system quickly cools the particles in the cooling mode and heats the particles in the defrosting mode; the slide module drives the particle baffle to rise and fall, realizing dynamic closure or opening of the edge space of the photovoltaic panel; the orifice plate filters dust particles to prevent the accumulation of particle pollution from affecting subsequent use. The particle cleaning bin stores clean particles, controls the particle release flow rate, and the stirring device improves the particle fluidity and the screening efficiency at the same time; the first orifice plate and the second orifice plate work together to separate and discharge the dust entrained in the particles; the slide module links the particle baffle to realize dynamic sealing during the cleaning process. The particle baffle is perpendicular to the outside of the photovoltaic panel frame in the direction of the rotation axis, and closes the edge space of the photovoltaic panel during the cleaning / cooling process to prevent particles from flying; dynamically follows the angle change of the photovoltaic panel to avoid blocking light; improves the coverage of particles on the surface of the photovoltaic panel and the cleaning effect, and the dust accumulation monitoring device monitors the degree of dust accumulation on the surface of the photovoltaic panel in real time; provides feedback basis for adjusting the cleaning intensity, optimizes the particle release amount, and automatically determines whether it is necessary to enter the deep cleaning mode. Real-time monitoring of the working temperature of the photovoltaic panel; triggers the start-up conditions of the cooling mode; controls the particle cooling intensity and cooling cycle. The particle diameter is larger than the dust and the aperture of the orifice plate; the hardness is lower than the material of the photovoltaic panel: ensure that the particles can effectively carry dust and separate from the orifice plate; avoid scratching the surface of the photovoltaic panel and extend the service life; solid particles and hollow particles encapsulated with phase change medium can be used to meet the needs of different working conditions (such as cooling, heating, cleaning). Tracking cleaning: Light cleaning is completed synchronously during the photovoltaic panel tracking process without affecting the power generation efficiency; Deep cleaning: For serious dust accumulation, multiple cycles of cleaning are carried out to ensure thorough cleaning; The cleaning process is linked with angle adjustment, and gravity is used to drive the flow of particles to reduce energy consumption; UAV high-pressure water guns are introduced to assist in the treatment of strongly adherent dirt (such as bird droppings) to improve the applicability of cleaning. When the temperature of the photovoltaic panel exceeds the set threshold, cooling is automatically started; low-temperature particles are used to roll on the surface of the photovoltaic panel to take away heat and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency; the cooling intensity is controlled by adjusting the particle flow and the inclination of the photovoltaic panel; the cooled particles can be recycled again to form a closed-loop system; the phase change cooling system provides active cooling capabilities, and the fan assists in heat dissipation; in cold seasons, it can be switched to heating mode to achieve defrosting of the photovoltaic panel surface. After cleaning / cooling, the angle of the photovoltaic panel is raised to allow the residual particles to automatically flow into the cleaning bin or cooling bin; prevent the particles from being retained and affecting the power generation efficiency or causing obstruction; ensure that the system is clean and tidy for the next operation.

[0039] The foregoing description has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit embodiments of the present application to the form disclosed herein. Although several example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize some variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and subcombinations thereof.

Claims

1. A flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device, characterized in that, It includes a particle cleaning and cooling system and a flat single-axis tracking system. The flat single-axis tracking system includes: a base (7), a rotating device support frame (8) supported on the base (7), a rotating shaft (6) rotatably supported on the rotating device support frame (8), a photovoltaic panel support frame (5) fixed to the rotating shaft (6), a photovoltaic panel (4) fixed to the photovoltaic panel support frame (5), a rotating device (9) fixed to the rotating device support frame (8) and driving the rotating shaft (6) to rotate through a coupling (10) to rotate the photovoltaic panel support frame (5); The particle cleaning and cooling system includes a particle cooling bin (1), a particle cleaning bin (2) and a particle baffle (3). The particle cooling bin (1) and the particle cleaning bin (2) are respectively fixed at both ends of the photovoltaic panel support frame (5) and close to the frame of the photovoltaic panel extending in the direction parallel to the rotating shaft (6). The particle baffle (3) is located outside the frame of the photovoltaic panel perpendicular to the extending direction of the rotating shaft (6). The particle cooling bin (1), the particle cleaning bin (2) and the particle baffle (3) enclose the space around the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic panel during operation.

2. The flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Preferably, the flat single-axis tracking system drives the particle cleaning and cooling system and the photovoltaic panel (4) to rotate with the rotating shaft (6). The particles flow on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel (4) driven by gravity and are alternately stored between the particle cooling bin (1) and the particle cleaning bin (2) to complete the cleaning and cooling of the surface of the photovoltaic panel (4). The cleaning and cooling intensity is adjusted by the height difference between the particle cooling bin (1) and the particle cleaning bin (2) and the particle flow rate.

3. The flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that The particle cooling bin (1) includes: a particle cooling bin housing (1-1), a particle cooling bin loading port baffle (1-2) provided at the top of the particle cooling bin housing (1-1), a particle cooling bin perforated plate (1-4) provided at the bottom of the particle cooling bin housing (1-1), a particle cooling bin discharge port baffle (1-3) located on the side of the particle cooling bin housing (1-1) facing the particle cleaning bin (2) to release particles for cleaning and cooling the photovoltaic panel to the surface of the photovoltaic panel. The opening degree of the particle cooling bin discharge port baffle (1-3) is controlled by a particle cooling bin discharge port baffle driving device (1-5), a particle cooling bin slide module (1-8) provided at both ends of the particle cooling bin housing (1-1) and connected to the particle baffle (3) to drive the particle baffle (3) to move in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the photovoltaic panel; a fan (1-9) fixed to the particle cooling bin loading port baffle (1-2) to blow towards the particles in the particle cooling bin (1), a phase change cooling system (1-10) fixed to the other side of the particle cooling bin housing (1-1) away from the particle cleaning bin (2), The particle cooling bin stirring device (1-11) is arranged inside the particle cooling bin housing (1-1) and is connected to the particle cooling bin motor (1-6) and the particle cooling bin bearing seat assembly (1-7) fixed on the particle cooling bin housing (1-1). It is driven by the particle cooling bin motor (1-6) to rotate to stir the particles in the particle cooling bin, so that the particles are in full contact with the heat exchange surface of the phase change cooling system, and the dust particles are discharged from the particle cooling bin (1) through the particle cooling bin orifice plate (1-4).

4. The flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device according to claim 3, characterized in that, There is a heating module in the phase change cooling system (1-10) to heat the particles in the particle cooling bin (1) for defrosting the surface of the photovoltaic panel and raising the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel.

5. The flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle cleaning bin (2) includes the particle cleaning bin housing (2-1), the particle cleaning bin loading port baffle (2-2), which is located at the top of the particle cleaning bin housing (2-1), the first orifice plate of the particle cleaning bin (2-4), which is located at the bottom of the particle cleaning bin housing (2-1), the second orifice plate of the particle cleaning bin (2-10), which is located on the side of the particle cleaning bin housing (2-1) away from the particle cooling bin (1), the particle cleaning bin release port baffle (2-3), which is located on the other side of the particle cleaning bin housing (2-1) close to the particle cooling bin (1) to release particles for cleaning and cooling the photovoltaic panel surface. Its opening degree is controlled by the particle cleaning bin release port baffle driving device (2-5); the particle cleaning bin sliding table module (2-8), which is connected to the particle baffle (3) to drive the particle baffle (3) to move in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the photovoltaic panel; the particle cleaning bin stirring device (2-9), which is arranged inside the particle cleaning bin housing (2-1) and is connected to the particle cleaning bin motor (2-6) and the particle cleaning bin bearing seat assembly (2-7) fixed on the particle cleaning bin housing (2-1). It is driven by the particle cleaning bin motor (2-6) to rotate to stir the particles in the particle cleaning bin housing (2-1), so that the dust is discharged from the particle cleaning bin (2) through the first orifice plate of the particle cleaning bin (2-4) and the second orifice plate of the particle cleaning bin (2-10).

6. The flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device according to claim 5, wherein There is an ash accumulation monitoring device arranged between the photovoltaic panel (4) and the particle cleaning bin release port baffle (2-3).

7. The flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, There is a temperature detection device arranged on the surface of the photovoltaic panel (4).

8. The flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the particles is larger than the diameter of the dust, the diameter of the particle cooling bin orifice plate (1-4), the first orifice plate of the particle cleaning bin (2-4) and the second orifice plate of the particle cleaning bin (2-10). The particles are solid particles and / or hollow particles encapsulated with phase change medium and / or a combination of both. The hardness of the particles is lower than the hardness of the surface material of the photovoltaic panel.

9. The cleaning method of the flat single-axis tracking photovoltaic panel cleaning and cooling device according to any one of claims 1-8.

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