DEMO demonstration board based on LoRa communication technology and communication method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of communication, and particularly discloses a DEMO demonstration board based on a LoRa communication technology and a communication method, and through the synergistic effect of a main control unit, a power management unit, a LoRa communication unit and a LoRa power detection unit, the demonstration of a LoRa wireless communication function and the accurate and real-time monitoring of key electrical performance in different working states can be realized. In combination with visual interaction and data feedback provided by the display unit, the user input unit and the state indication unit, developers can conveniently and accurately evaluate and optimize the energy efficiency performance of the LoRa terminal, the design period is effectively shortened, the technical bottleneck that the energy efficiency of the terminal is difficult to evaluate in a low-power application scene is solved, and the energy efficiency evaluation efficiency of the terminal is improved. And the energy efficiency level of a terminal product is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technologies, and particularly to a DEMO demonstration board based on LoRa communication technology. Background Art

[0002] At present, the wireless Internet of Things communication technology is in a stage of rapid development. As an important branch thereof, LoRa technology has been widely used in fields such as smart cities, smart agriculture, and industrial Internet of Things due to its low power consumption, long distance, and high anti-interference performance. However, the existing LoRa communication development and test devices generally have problems such as single function, extensive power management, inaccurate power consumption measurement, and poor interface interactivity, which are difficult to meet the requirements of R & D personnel for accurate measurement of LoRa device performance parameters and power efficiency evaluation under different working modes, making it impossible for developers to intuitively and accurately evaluate and optimize the energy efficiency performance of LoRa terminals, resulting in an extended design cycle and poor energy efficiency performance of terminal products, which has become an important bottleneck restricting the wide deployment of LoRa technology in low-power scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a DEMO demonstration board and a communication method based on LoRa communication technology, which realizes accurate measurement and intuitive display of the electrical performance of LoRa terminals under different working conditions.

[0004] The present invention discloses a DEMO demonstration board based on LoRa communication technology, comprising:

[0005] A main control unit for controlling a power management unit, a LoRa communication unit, a LoRa power detection unit, a display unit, a user input unit, and a status indication unit in the DEMO demonstration board;

[0006] The power management unit is used to convert the input voltage into working voltages for the main control unit, the LoRa communication unit, the LoRa power detection unit, the display unit, the user input unit, and the status indication unit;

[0007] The LoRa communication unit is used to realize the transceiver of wireless data;

[0008] The LoRa power detection unit is used to monitor in real time the electrical performance parameters of the LoRa communication unit in different working states;

[0009] The display unit is used to display the status and communication data of the DEMO demonstration board;

[0010] The user input unit is used to receive user operation instructions;

[0011] The status indication unit is used to indicate the working state of the DEMO demonstration board.

[0012] Furthermore, the main control unit includes:

[0013] A microcontroller;

[0014] The serial port transmit pin of the microcontroller is connected to the receive pin of the LoRa communication unit, and the serial port receive pin of the microcontroller is connected to the transmit pin of the LoRa communication unit;

[0015] A high-frequency crystal oscillator, connected to the oscillator input terminal and the oscillator output terminal of the microcontroller;

[0016] A low-frequency crystal oscillator, connected to the real-time clock input terminal and the real-time clock output terminal of the microcontroller;

[0017] A digital power filter circuit, including a first ferrite bead, one end of the first ferrite bead is connected to the working voltage, and the other end is connected to the digital power pin of the microcontroller;

[0018] An analog power filter circuit, including a second ferrite bead, one end of the second ferrite bead is connected to the digital power pin of the microcontroller, and the other end is connected to the analog power pin of the microcontroller;

[0019] A plurality of decoupling capacitors are respectively connected between the power pins of the microcontroller and the ground.

[0020] Furthermore, the power management circuit includes:

[0021] A power supply circuit, the power supply circuit includes a battery string formed by connecting a plurality of battery holders in series; the positive pole of the battery string outputs the working voltage to the power switch circuit, and the negative pole is connected to the system ground terminal;

[0022] A power switch circuit, including a single-pole single-throw switch; the common terminal of the single-pole single-throw switch accesses the working voltage, and the normally open terminal is connected to the input terminal of the low-dropout linear regulator;

[0023] An input filter circuit, including a first capacitor and a second capacitor, the first capacitor and the second capacitor are connected in parallel between the input terminal of the low-dropout linear regulator and the system ground terminal;

[0024] The input terminal of the low-dropout linear regulator is connected to the output terminal of the power switch circuit, the ground terminal is connected to the system ground terminal, the enable terminal is connected to the input terminal of the low-dropout linear regulator, the bypass terminal is connected to the system ground terminal through a bypass capacitor, and the output terminal outputs the working voltage;

[0025] An output filter circuit, including a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor are connected in parallel between the output terminal of the low-dropout linear regulator and the system ground terminal;

[0026] A power noise suppression circuit includes a third ferrite bead, and the third ferrite bead is connected in series between the output terminal of the low-dropout linear regulator and the system power bus;

[0027] The system power bus is connected to the main control unit, the LoRa communication unit, the LoRa power detection unit, the display unit, the user input unit, and the status indication unit.

[0028] Further, the LoRa current monitoring unit includes:

[0029] A high-side current sensing monitor, including a first voltage input pin, a second load voltage sensing pin, and a current output pin;

[0030] A shunt resistor is connected across the first voltage input pin and the second load voltage sensing pin;

[0031] A first resistor, one end of which is connected to the current output pin of the high-side current sensing monitor, and the other end is grounded;

[0032] A second resistor and a third resistor, one end of the third resistor is connected to the second load voltage sensing pin, and the connection point of the second resistor and the third resistor is connected to the voltage monitoring signal;

[0033] A first filter capacitor is connected between the voltage monitoring signal and the ground; and a second filter capacitor is connected between the current monitoring signal and the ground;

[0034] A fourth resistor, one end of which is connected to the output voltage of the LoRa communication unit, and the other end is connected to one end of the first resistor.

[0035] Further, the LoRa communication unit includes:

[0036] A LoRa communication chip;

[0037] An RF signal connection circuit, wherein the RF signal connection circuit includes: a radio frequency connector, a coupling capacitor, and a radio frequency coaxial connector; the radio frequency output terminal of the LoRa communication chip is connected to the radio frequency connector; the coupling capacitor is connected between the radio frequency connector and the radio frequency coaxial connector; the signal terminal of the radio frequency coaxial connector is connected to the radio frequency connector through the coupling capacitor;

[0038] A plurality of decoupling capacitors with different capacitance values connected in parallel between the power input terminal and the ground terminal of the LoRa communication unit;

[0039] And a reset signal line connected between the reset terminal of the LoRa communication unit and the general-purpose output terminal of the main control unit.

[0040] Furthermore, the display unit includes:

[0041] A display control screen;

[0042] A backlight control circuit, including a PMOS transistor, the PMOS transistor is connected to the first output terminal of the main control unit through a fifth resistor, the source electrode is connected to the power supply voltage, and the drain electrode is connected to the backlight pin of the display control screen through a first current-limiting resistor.

[0043] Furthermore, the user input unit includes a plurality of key switches;

[0044] One end of each of the plurality of key switches is grounded, and the other end is respectively connected to the power supply through a pull-up resistor R20; the connection point of each key switch and the pull-up resistor is connected to the digital input terminal of the main control unit.

[0045] Furthermore, the status indication unit includes:

[0046] A plurality of first LED indicators, the anodes of the first LED indicators are connected to the power supply or the first output terminal of the main control unit through a second current-limiting resistor, and the cathodes are grounded;

[0047] And a drive circuit, the drive circuit includes a triode, the base of the triode is connected to the second output terminal of the main control unit through a third current-limiting resistor, the collector is connected to the power supply through the LED indicator and a fourth current-limiting resistor, and the emitter is grounded.

[0048] In another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a communication method for a DEMO demonstration board based on LoRa communication technology, the method includes:

[0049] Controlling the LoRa communication unit to perform data transmission and reception according to the operation instructions of the user;

[0050] Real-time monitoring of the electrical performance parameters of the LoRa communication unit during data transmission and reception through the LoRa power detection unit;

[0051] Displaying the communication data and the electrical performance parameters of the LoRa communication unit through the display unit; and,

[0052] Indicating the current working state of the DEMO demonstration board through the status indication unit.

[0053] Furthermore, the method further includes: configuring the system clock and selecting a high-frequency crystal oscillator as the system main clock source;

[0054] Configure the working mode of the general input / output ports of the main control unit, set the port connected to the display unit to the output mode, and set the port connected to the user input unit to the input mode with a pull-up resistor;

[0055] Configure the serial communication parameters, and set the baud rate, number of data bits, stop bits, and parity bits;

[0056] Moreover, send an initialization command sequence to the display unit to set the display contrast, display direction, and starting display position.

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following technical effects:

[0058] Through the synergistic effect of the main control unit, power management unit, LoRa communication unit, and LoRa power detection unit, it is possible to realize the demonstration of LoRa wireless communication functions and the accurate and real-time monitoring of key electrical performance under different working conditions. Combining the intuitive interaction and data feedback provided by the display unit, user input unit, and status indication unit enables developers to conveniently and accurately evaluate and optimize the energy efficiency performance of LoRa terminals, effectively shortening the design cycle, solving the technical bottleneck of difficult energy efficiency evaluation of terminals in low-power application scenarios, and improving the energy efficiency level of terminal products. Description of the Drawings

[0059] Figure 1 It is a connection relationship diagram of each module in the DEMO demonstration board based on LoRa communication technology in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the microcontroller in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the digital power filter circuit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the analog power filter circuit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of multiple decoupling capacitors in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the power supply circuit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the power supply switching circuit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the input filter circuit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the low-voltage linear voltage regulator, output filter circuit, and power supply noise suppression circuit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the LoRa current monitoring unit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the LoRa communication chip in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the RF signal connection circuit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of multiple decoupling capacitors in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the display control screen in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the backlight control circuit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the key switch in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the first LED indicator in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the drive circuit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 19 Block diagram of the DEMO demonstration board based on LoRa communication technology in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0078] The following will describe a DEMO demonstration board and a communication method based on LoRa communication technology of the present invention in conjunction with the schematic diagrams, in which the preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can modify the present invention described herein while still achieving the beneficial effects of the present invention. Therefore, the following description should be understood as a broad guidance for those skilled in the art and not as a limitation to the present invention.

[0079] In the following paragraphs, the present invention will be described more specifically by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of the present invention will be clearer according to the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise scales, only for the purpose of conveniently and clearly assisting in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0080] Example 1

[0081] Please refer to Figure 1 , this embodiment provides a DEMO demonstration board based on LoRa communication technology, including:

[0082] A main control unit for controlling the power management unit, LoRa (long - range) communication unit, LoRa power detection unit, display unit, user input unit, and status indication unit within the DEMO demonstration board (sample). The power management unit is used to convert the input voltage VIN into the operating voltage of the LoRa communication unit. The LoRa communication unit is used to realize the transceiver of wireless data. The LoRa power detection unit is used to monitor the electrical performance of the LoRa communication unit in different operating states in real - time. The display unit is used to display the status and communication data of the DEMO demonstration board. The user input unit is used to receive user operation instructions. The status indication unit is used to indicate the operating state of the DEMO demonstration board.

[0083] In this embodiment, through the coordinated action of the main control unit, power management unit, LoRa communication unit, and LoRa power detection unit, it is possible to realize the demonstration of LoRa wireless communication function and the accurate and real - time monitoring of key electrical performance in different operating states. Combining the intuitive interaction and data feedback provided by the display unit, user input unit, and status indication unit enables developers to conveniently and accurately evaluate and optimize the energy efficiency performance of LoRa terminals, effectively shortening the design cycle, solving the technical bottleneck of difficult energy efficiency evaluation for terminals in low - power application scenarios, and improving the energy efficiency level of terminal products.

[0084] Please refer to Figures 2 - 5 , the main control unit includes:

[0085] A microcontroller U1, the serial port transmit pin PA9 of the microcontroller U1 is connected to the receive pin UART1_RX of the LoRa communication unit, and the serial port receive pin PA10 of the microcontroller U1 is connected to the transmit pin UART1_TX of the LoRa communication unit.

[0086] A high - frequency crystal oscillator, connected to the oscillator input terminal Pin5 and oscillator output terminal Pin6 of the microcontroller U1.

[0087] A low - frequency crystal oscillator, connected to the real - time clock input terminal Pin3 and real - time clock output terminal Pin4 of the microcontroller U1.

[0088] A digital power filtering circuit, including a first ferrite bead FB1, one end of the first ferrite bead FB1 is connected to the operating voltage, and the other end is connected to the digital power pin VDD_MCU of the microcontroller U1.

[0089] The analog power supply filtering circuit includes a second ferrite bead FB2. One end of the second ferrite bead is connected to the digital power supply pin VDD_MCU of the microcontroller U1, and the other end is connected to the analog power supply pin VDDA_MCU of the microcontroller U1.

[0090] Multiple decoupling capacitors are respectively connected between the power supply pins of the microcontroller U1 and the ground.

[0091] In a specific embodiment, the number of the decoupling capacitors is 4 (C3 - C6), and those skilled in the art can select the number of decoupling capacitors according to actual situations.

[0092] In this embodiment, the working voltage is first filtered by the first ferrite bead FB1 to form a stable digital power supply VDD_MCU for supplying the microcontroller U1; this digital power supply is then filtered by the second ferrite bead B2 to generate a purer analog power supply VDDA_MCU for supplying the analog circuit part inside the microcontroller U1. At the same time, multiple decoupling capacitors improve the voltage stability of each power supply pin. The high-frequency crystal oscillator and the low-frequency crystal oscillator respectively provide the core system clock and the real-time clock (RTC) signal required for the operation of the microcontroller U1. Driven by the stable power supply and clock, the microcontroller U1 starts and runs the program, and performs serial data exchange with the corresponding receiving pin UART1_RX and sending pin UART1_TX of the LoRa communication unit through its serial port pins (PA9 for sending and PA10 for receiving), so as to realize the wireless data transceiver communication.

[0093] In a specific embodiment, the MCU (microcontroller U1) selects an MCU of the STM32 series from STMicroelectronics, such as low-power models of MCU like STM32L0, STM32L1, and STM32L4, or selects the ESP32 series microcontroller U1 with integrated LoRa function as the main control chip. The reason for choosing these chips is that they have excellent low-power performance, can provide sufficient flash memory (Flash) and random access memory (RAM) space to support the LoRa protocol stack and user application programs, and are built-in with rich peripheral interfaces, which is convenient for communicating and controlling with other modules on the Demo demonstration board.

[0094] Further, please refer to Figures 6 - 9 and the power management circuit includes:

[0095] A power supply circuit, the power supply circuit includes a battery string formed by connecting multiple battery holders in series; the positive pole of the battery string outputs the input voltage VIN to the power supply switching circuit, and the negative pole is connected to the system ground terminal GND.

[0096] The power supply switching circuit includes a single-pole single-throw switch S1; the common terminal of the single-pole single-throw switch S1 is connected to the input voltage VIN, and the normally open terminal is connected to the input terminal VIN of the low-dropout linear regulator U2.

[0097] The input filter circuit includes a first capacitor C7 and a second capacitor C8, and the first capacitor C7 and the second capacitor C8 are connected in parallel between the input terminal VIN of the low-dropout linear regulator and the system ground terminal GND.

[0098] The input terminal VIN of the low-dropout linear regulator U2 is connected to the output terminal of the power supply switching circuit, the ground terminal GND is connected to the system ground terminal, the enable terminal EN is connected to the input terminal VIN of the low-dropout linear regulator U2, the bypass terminal is connected to the system ground terminal through a bypass capacitor C10, and the output terminal Vout outputs the working voltage.

[0099] The output filter circuit includes a third capacitor C7 and a fourth capacitor C8, and the third capacitor C7 and the fourth capacitor C8 are connected in parallel between the output terminal Vout of the low-dropout linear regulator and the system ground terminal.

[0100] The power supply noise suppression circuit includes a third ferrite bead FB3, and the third ferrite bead FB3 is connected in series between the output terminal Vout of the low-dropout linear regulator and the system power bus.

[0101] The system power bus is connected to the main control unit, the LoRa communication unit, the LoRa power detection unit, the display unit, the user input unit, and the status indication unit.

[0102] In this embodiment, a battery string composed of multiple series-connected battery holders (BT1 - BT4) provides the original input voltage VIN. This voltage is controlled to be turned on and off by the single-pole single-throw switch S1. When the switch is closed, the input voltage VIN flows to the input filter circuit for preliminary filtering, and then enters the input terminal VIN of the low-dropout linear regulator U2. Since the enable terminal EN of the low-dropout linear regulator U2 is directly connected to its input terminal, therefore, after obtaining the preliminarily filtered voltage, the low-dropout linear regulator U2 can start to work, and the preliminarily filtered voltage is stabilized and regulated to the rated value and then output from the output terminal Vout of the low-dropout linear regulator U2. The output working voltage then undergoes stabilization and filtering through the output filter circuit, and then passes through the third ferrite bead FB3 to suppress high-frequency noise. Finally, the stable and clean DC power after this series of filtering, voltage regulation, and noise suppression processes forms the system power bus, providing a stable working voltage for all modules such as the backend main control unit, LoRa communication unit, LoRa power detection unit, display unit, user input unit, and status indication unit.

[0103] In a specific embodiment, the original input voltage VIN is related to the number and type of battery holders. For example, please refer to Figure 6 , when using 4 brand-new 1.5V alkaline battery holders (BT1 - BY4) in series, the input voltage VIN is approximately 6V. If using a single 3.7V lithium-ion battery, the original voltage is approximately 3.7V. Those skilled in the art can select different magnitudes of the input voltage VIN according to the actual situation.

[0104] In another specific embodiment, the working voltage obtained after filtering is related to the selection of the low-dropout linear regulator U2. In this embodiment, the working voltage obtained after filtering is 3.3V. Those skilled in the art can select different magnitudes of the working voltage according to the actual situation.

[0105] Furthermore, please refer to Figure 10 , the LoRa current monitoring unit includes:

[0106] A high-side current sensing monitor U3, including a first voltage input pin Vin, a second load voltage sensing pin Vloud, and a current output pin Iout.

[0107] A shunt resistor R24, bridging between the first voltage input pin Vin and the second load voltage sensing pin Vloud.

[0108] A first resistor R25, with one end connected to the current output pin Iout of the high-side current sensing monitor and the other end grounded.

[0109] A second resistor R16 and a third resistor R15, with one end of the third resistor R15 connected to the second load voltage sensing pin Vloud, and the connection point of the second resistor R16 and the third resistor R15 connected to the voltage monitoring signal MONITOR_LORA_VCC.

[0110] A first filter capacitor C30, connected between the voltage monitoring signal MONITOR_LORA_VCC and ground.

[0111] And, a second filter capacitor C29, connected between the current monitoring signal MONITOR_I-LORA and ground.

[0112] A fourth resistor R29, with one end connected to the output voltage of the LoRa communication unit and the other end connected to one end of the first resistor R25.

[0113] In this embodiment, the circuit uses a high-side current sensing monitor U3 and a shunt resistor R24 to accurately monitor the load voltage and load current simultaneously without interfering with the ground. In addition, the circuit can generate stable signals: one is the voltage monitoring signal MONITOR_LORA_VCC obtained by dividing the voltage of the second load voltage sensing pin Vload of the high-side current sensing monitor U4 by the third resistor R16 and the second resistor R15; the other is the current monitoring signal MONITOR_I-LORA obtained by converting the current of the current output pin Iout of the high-side current sensing monitor U4 into a voltage by the first resistor R25, and the latter is fed back to the main control chip U1. This design provides a reliable basis for accurate power consumption calculation, fault detection, and power management.

[0114] Further, please refer to Figures 11 - 12 , the LoRa communication unit includes:

[0115] The LoRa communication chip U5.

[0116] The RF signal connection circuit, wherein the RF signal connection circuit includes: a radio frequency connector J4, a coupling capacitor C33, and a radio frequency coaxial connector J3; the radio frequency output end of the LoRa communication chip is connected to the radio frequency connector J4; the coupling capacitor C33 is connected between the radio frequency connector J4 and the radio frequency coaxial connector J3; the signal end of the radio frequency coaxial connector J3 is connected to the radio frequency connector J4 through the coupling capacitor.

[0117] A plurality of decoupling capacitors (C31 - C32) connected in parallel between the power input terminal VCC and the ground terminal GND of the LoRa communication unit.

[0118] And a reset signal line connected between the reset end of the LoRa communication unit and the general-purpose output end of the main control unit.

[0119] In a specific embodiment, the model of the LoRa communication chip U5 is a chip of Semtech7SX1276 / SX1278, which supports different frequency bands (such as 433 MHz, 470 MHz, 868 MHz, 915 MHz), configurable spreading factors (SF) and bandwidths (BW). Of course, those skilled in the art can also select other chips compatible with the LoRa WAN protocol according to the actual situation, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0120] In this embodiment, when the LoRa communication chip U5 is working, its working voltage is filtered and stabilized by multiple decoupling capacitors with different capacitance values connected in parallel between the power input terminal and the ground, thereby improving the power supply quality. The main control unit can control the reset state of the LoRa communication chip U5 through a dedicated reset signal line to enable the normal initialization of the LoRa communication chip U5. When performing wireless communication, the radio frequency output signal of the LoRa communication chip U5 is transmitted to the radio frequency coaxial connector J3 after passing through the coupling capacitor C33, and then connected to an external antenna to realize the transmission or reception of radio frequency signals.

[0121] Further, please refer to Figures 14 - 15 , the display unit includes:

[0122] A display control screen.

[0123] A backlight control circuit, including a PMOS transistor Q3, which is connected to the first output terminal LCD_LED of the main control unit through a fifth resistor R21. The source is connected to the power supply voltage VDD_LCD, and the drain is connected to the backlight pin Pin4 of the display control screen through a first current-limiting resistor R23.

[0124] During operation, the main control unit issues a control signal through the first output terminal LCD_LED, and this control signal is applied to the gate of the PMOS transistor Q3 through the fifth resistor R21. When the main control unit needs to turn on the backlight, it outputs a low-level signal, causing the PMOS transistor Q3 to conduct. The power supply voltage VDD_LCD can pass through the source-drain path of Q3 and flow through the first current-limiting resistor R23, finally supplying power to the backlight pin Pin4 of the display control screen to turn on the backlight. When the main control unit needs to turn off the backlight, it outputs a high-level signal, causing the PMOS transistor Q3 to cut off, thereby cutting off the current path flowing to the backlight pin Pin4 and turning off the backlight. The first current-limiting resistor R23 plays a role in limiting the backlight current during this process.

[0125] Further, in this embodiment, please refer to Figure 16 , the user input unit includes multiple key switches.

[0126] One end of each of the multiple key switches SW is grounded, and the other end is respectively connected to the working voltage through a pull-up resistor R20; the connection point of each key switch SW and the pull-up resistor R20 is connected to the digital input terminal of the main control unit.

[0127] In a specific embodiment, it includes 4 push-button switches SW, which are respectively connected to the first digital input terminal KEY_LEFT, the second digital input terminal KEY_UP, the third digital input terminal KEY_DOWN, and the fourth digital input terminal KEY_RIGHT of the main control unit. These four buttons are mainly used for users to operate the DEMO demonstration board to achieve interactive controls such as interface navigation, function selection, and parameter adjustment.

[0128] Further, in this embodiment, please refer to Figures 17 - 18 , the status indication unit includes:

[0129] A plurality of first LED indicators D6, the anodes of the first LED indicators D6 are connected to the power supply or the first output terminal LCD_LED of the main control unit through the second current-limiting resistor R14, and the cathodes are grounded.

[0130] And a drive circuit, the drive circuit includes a triode Q2, the base of the triode Q2 is connected to the second output terminal GPIO of the main control unit through the third current-limiting resistor R8, the collector is connected to the power supply through the second LED indicator D3 and the fourth current-limiting resistor R7, and the emitter is grounded.

[0131] In this embodiment, the main control unit controls the LED indicators through two different output ports: the anodes of some LED indicators are directly or connected to the first output terminal LCD_LED through a resistor, and their lighting and extinguishing may be associated with the LCD backlight state; another specific LED indicator D3 is controlled by the second output terminal GPIO. When the GPIO outputs a high level, the triode Q2 is turned on through the third current-limiting resistor R8 to light the second LED indicator D3, and when the output is low, the triode Q2 is turned off to extinguish the second LED indicator D3, so as to indicate different working states.

[0132] Further, in this embodiment, please continue to refer to Figure 19 , Figure 19 On the left side of shows a DEMO demonstration board or terminal device, which integrates a display screen, a main control MCU, a LoRa communication unit and an antenna, and is equipped with a power switch, a plurality of LED status indicators and a five-way navigation button, suitable for function demonstration, parameter configuration and human-computer interaction. The device on the right is a LoRa sensor node, which includes a LoRa communication unit, an antenna, a light and inclination sensor, a switch, an indicator and a function button, and is used for specific environmental monitoring and wireless data collection.

[0133] Embodiment 2

[0134] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment discloses a communication method for a DEMO demonstration board based on LoRa communication technology, and the method includes:

[0135] S1. Control the LoRa communication unit to perform data transmission and reception according to the user's operation instructions;

[0136] S2. Real-time monitor the electrical performance parameters of the LoRa communication unit during data transmission and reception through the LoRa power detection unit;

[0137] S3. Display the communication data and the electrical performance parameters of the LoRa communication unit through the display unit;

[0138] S4. Indicate the current working state of the DEMO demonstration board through the status indication unit.

[0139] It can be understood that the electronic device disclosed in this embodiment also has the advantages possessed by the conformal antenna disclosed in Embodiment 1, which will not be elaborated here.

[0140] Furthermore, the method further includes:

[0141] Configure the system clock and select the high-frequency crystal oscillator as the system main clock source;

[0142] Configure the working mode of the general input / output ports of the main control unit, set the port connected to the display unit to the output mode, and set the port connected to the user input unit to the input mode with pull-up resistors;

[0143] Configure the serial communication parameters, set the baud rate, data bits, stop bits, and parity bits;

[0144] And send an initialization command sequence to the display unit to set the display contrast, display direction, and starting display position.

[0145] After completing the above operations, the system enters the normal working state and executes the core operation process:

[0146] S11. Respond to the user and control communication: The main control unit continuously monitors the status of the user input unit. Once a valid operation instruction from the user (such as "send data", "start receiving", or "query status", etc.) is detected, it controls the LoRa communication unit to perform corresponding operations according to the instruction, such as preparing data packets and starting wireless transmission, or entering the receiving mode to listen to the wireless channel.

[0147] S12. Real-time monitor the electrical performance: During the operation of the LoRa communication unit, the main control unit will continuously and dynamically monitor key electrical performance parameters such as voltage and current of the LoRa communication unit through the LoRa power detection unit, and calculate the instantaneous power consumption or cumulative energy consumption.

[0148] S13. Display data and parameters: The main control unit processes the relevant data of LoRa communication and the real-time electrical performance parameters obtained from the power detection unit and sends them to the display unit for visual display.

[0149] S14. Indicate the working status: According to the current specific working mode of the DEMO demonstration board (such as idle, configuration, sending, receiving, low-power sleep, power monitoring, etc.), the main control unit controls the LED indicator of the status indication unit to turn on or off or change color, providing users with clear and intuitive feedback on the device operation status.

[0150] Various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and its equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A DEMO demonstration board based on LoRa communication technology, characterized in that, Comprising: A main control unit for controlling a power management unit, a LoRa communication unit, a LoRa power detection unit, a display unit, a user input unit, and a status indication unit within a DEMO demonstration board; The power management unit is used to convert an input voltage to provide operating voltages for the main control unit, the LoRa communication unit, the LoRa power detection unit, the display unit, the user input unit, and the status indication unit; The LoRa communication unit is used to achieve the transceiver of wireless data; The LoRa power detection unit is used to monitor in real time the electrical performance parameters of the LoRa communication unit under different operating states; The display unit is used to display the status and communication data of the DEMO demonstration board; The user input unit is used to receive user operation instructions; The status indication unit is used to indicate the operating state of the DEMO demonstration board.

2. The DEMO demonstration board based on LoRa communication technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control unit includes: A microcontroller; the serial port transmit pin of the microcontroller is connected to the receive pin of the LoRa communication unit; the serial port receive pin of the microcontroller is connected to the transmit pin of the LoRa communication unit; A high-frequency crystal oscillator connected to the oscillator input terminal and the oscillator output terminal of the microcontroller; A low-frequency crystal oscillator connected to the real-time clock input terminal and the real-time clock output terminal of the microcontroller; A digital power supply filtering circuit including a first ferrite bead, one end of the first ferrite bead is connected to the operating voltage, and the other end is connected to the digital power supply pin of the microcontroller; An analog power supply filtering circuit including a second ferrite bead, one end of the second ferrite bead is connected to the digital power supply pin of the microcontroller, and the other end is connected to the analog power supply pin of the microcontroller; Multiple decoupling capacitors are respectively connected between the power supply pins of the microcontroller and the ground.

3. The DEMO demonstration board based on LoRa communication technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power management circuit includes: A power supply circuit, the power supply circuit includes a battery string formed by connecting multiple battery holders in series; the positive pole of the battery string outputs the input voltage to a power supply switching circuit, and the negative pole is connected to the system ground terminal; A power supply switching circuit including a single-pole single-throw switch; the common terminal of the single-pole single-throw switch accesses the input voltage, and the normally open terminal is connected to the input terminal of a low-dropout linear regulator; An input filtering circuit including a first capacitor and a second capacitor, the first capacitor and the second capacitor are connected in parallel between the input terminal of the low-dropout linear regulator and the system ground terminal; The input terminal of the low-dropout linear regulator is connected to the output terminal of the power supply switching circuit, the ground terminal is connected to the system ground terminal, the enable terminal is connected to the input terminal of the low-dropout linear regulator, the bypass terminal is connected to the system ground terminal through a bypass capacitor, and the output terminal outputs the operating voltage; An output filtering circuit including a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor are connected in parallel between the output terminal of the low-dropout linear regulator and the system ground terminal; A power supply noise suppression circuit including a third ferrite bead, the third ferrite bead is connected in series between the output terminal of the low-dropout linear regulator and the system power bus; The system power bus is connected to the main control unit, the LoRa communication unit, the LoRa power detection unit, the display unit, the user input unit, and the status indication unit.

4. The DEMO demonstration board based on LoRa communication technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The LoRa current monitoring unit includes: A high-side current sensing monitor, including a first voltage input pin, a second load voltage sensing pin, and a current output pin; A shunt resistor, connected across the first voltage input pin and the second load voltage sensing pin; A first resistor, with one end connected to the current output pin of the high-side current sensing monitor and the other end grounded; A second resistor and a third resistor, with one end of the third resistor connected to the second load voltage sensing pin, and the connection point of the second resistor and the third resistor connected to the voltage monitoring signal; A first filter capacitor, connected between the voltage monitoring signal and ground; and a second filter capacitor, connected between the current monitoring signal and ground; A fourth resistor, with one end connected to the output voltage of the LoRa communication unit and the other end connected to one end of the first resistor.

5. The DEMO demonstration board based on LoRa communication technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The LoRa communication unit includes: A LoRa communication chip; An RF signal connection circuit, where the RF signal connection circuit includes: a radio frequency connector, a coupling capacitor, and a radio frequency coaxial connector; the radio frequency output end of the LoRa communication chip is connected to the radio frequency connector; the coupling capacitor is connected between the radio frequency connector and the radio frequency coaxial connector; the signal end of the radio frequency coaxial connector is connected to the radio frequency connector through the coupling capacitor; Multiple decoupling capacitors connected in parallel between the power input end and the ground end of the LoRa communication unit; And a reset signal line connected between the reset end of the LoRa communication unit and the general-purpose output end of the main control unit.

6. The DEMO demonstration board based on LoRa communication technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display unit includes: A display control screen; A backlight control circuit, including a PMOS transistor, which is connected to the first output end of the main control unit through a fifth resistor, with the source connected to the power supply voltage, and the drain connected to the backlight pin of the display control screen through a first current-limiting resistor.

7. The DEMO demonstration board based on LoRa communication technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The user input unit includes multiple key switches; One end of multiple said key switches is grounded, and the other ends are respectively connected to the power supply through pull-up resistors; the connection point of each key switch and the pull-up resistor is connected to the digital input end of the main control unit.

8. The DEMO demonstration board based on LoRa communication technology according to claim 1, characterized in that The status indication unit includes: Multiple first LED indicators, with the anodes of the first LED indicators connected to the power supply or the first output end of the main control unit through second current-limiting resistors, and the cathodes grounded; And a driving circuit, the driving circuit includes a triode, the base of the triode is connected to the second output end of the main control unit through a third current-limiting resistor, the collector is connected to the power supply through the LED indicator and a fourth current-limiting resistor, and the emitter is grounded.

9. A communication method for a DEMO demonstration board based on LoRa communication technology, characterized in that, The method includes: Controlling the LoRa communication unit to perform data transmission and reception according to the user's operation instructions; The LoRa power detection unit monitors in real time the electrical performance parameters of the LoRa communication unit during data transceiver; The display unit displays the communication data and the electrical performance parameters of the LoRa communication unit; and, The status indication unit indicates the current working status of the DEMO demonstration board.

10. The communication method of the DEMO demonstration board based on LoRa communication technology as claimed in claim 9, wherein Configure the system clock and select the high-frequency crystal oscillator as the system main clock source; Configure the working mode of the general input / output ports of the main control unit, set the port connected to the display unit to the output mode, and set the port connected to the user input unit to the input mode with pull-up resistors; Configure the serial communication parameters, set the baud rate, data bits, stop bits and parity bits; And send an initialization command sequence to the display unit to set the display contrast, display direction and starting display position.

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