Single-phase alternating-current permanent magnet brushless motor

Abstract

The invention provides a single-phase alternating-current permanent magnet brushless motor which is different from a common single-phase alternating-current motor, a motor stator of the single-phase alternating-current permanent magnet brushless motor is formed by stacking silicon steel sheets with barrel-shaped interiors and armature slots and armature teeth for winding, and a cylindrical rotor is provided with permanent magnets with magnetic lines perpendicular to a motor rotating shaft in the radial direction. Magnetic lines generated by the stator and the rotor are perpendicular to a motor shaft, stator coils are concentrically wound in a distributed mode, the stator coils can be directly used on a single-phase alternating current power supply without a driver, and the speed can be adjusted through a frequency converter. Compared with a traditional single-phase alternating current motor, the motor power and torque are improved under the condition of the same specification, all south and north poles of the magnetic rotor containing the permanent magnets are driven during driving each time, and high electric energy driving efficiency and high power density are achieved. And energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved in daily industrial power application, and wide application prospects are achieved.

Description

[0001] This invention discloses a single-phase AC permanent magnet brushless motor. Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to the field of single-phase AC motor technology. Background technology:

[0003] The single-phase AC permanent magnet brushless motor of the present invention is a novel product that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.

[0004] Single-phase AC motors are a major way to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy in industrial applications. The principle is that one or two phase winding coils are wound on a cylindrical stator. When single-phase AC current passes through, a rotating magnetic field is generated, which induces current in the squirrel-cage rotor and generates a magnetic field on the rotor. The magnetic fields of the stator and rotor interact to drive the rotor to rotate and output mechanical energy. However, due to its low efficiency and poor operating performance, it is generally only made into small and micro series of single-phase asynchronous motors. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In a single-phase AC permanent magnet brushless motor of the present invention, the magnetic lines of force of the stator and rotor are perpendicular to the cylindrical rotor shaft. The magnetic lines of force of the permanent magnet on the rotor are perpendicular to the rotor shaft. The stator of the motor is made of silicon steel sheets with an internal cylindrical shape and armature slots and armature teeth for winding. The stator coils are wound concentrically in a distributed manner. The magnetic lines of force generated by the stator and rotor are perpendicular to the motor shaft. The stator has two sets of windings, one of which is connected in series with a capacitor. It can be used directly on a single-phase AC power supply without a driver, hence the name "single-phase AC permanent magnet brushless motor". Attached Figure Description

[0006] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the stator and rotor structure of the present invention and its connection with a single-phase AC power supply.

[0007] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the stator and rotor structure of the present invention when the rotor has four magnetic poles and each concentric winding of the stator has two coils. Figure 3 yes Figure 2 This diagram shows only the armature tooth stator winding method of the U-phase winding structure.

[0008] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the stator and rotor structure of the present invention when the rotor has two magnetic poles and each concentric winding of the stator has four coils. Figure 5 yes Figure 4 This diagram shows only the armature tooth stator winding method of the U-phase winding structure.

[0009] Figure 6This invention relates to the U-phase winding diagram when the rotor has four magnetic poles and each concentric winding of the stator has three coils.

[0010] Figure 7 This invention relates to the V-phase winding diagram when the rotor has four magnetic poles and each concentric winding of the stator has three coils.

[0011] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the stator and rotor structure of the present invention when the rotor has four magnetic poles and each concentric winding of the stator has three coils.

[0012] Figure 9 It shows the current diagram of a single-phase power supply being split into a two-phase power supply by a capacitor and the connection diagram of the motor windings.

[0013] Figures 10 to 21 It is the magnetic field generated by the two-phase drive current and its driving effect on the rotor when the V-phase current is from 0 degrees to 330 degrees (with a 30-degree driving interval as the timing analysis).

[0014] Figure 22 This is a diagram showing the winding connections of a motor operating in capacitor-start mode. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The stator of this invention is made of stacked silicon steel sheets with an internal cylindrical shape and armature slots and teeth for winding. Two-phase stator windings are wound on the stator armature teeth using a distributed concentric winding method. Adjacent concentric coils of the same phase winding have opposite winding directions, and the two-phase stator windings are wound in the same manner. The magnetic lines of force generated by the stator windings after energization are perpendicular to the motor shaft. The two-phase stator windings are driven by a single-phase AC power supply.

[0016] The present invention discloses a single-phase AC permanent magnet brushless motor. The cylindrical permanent magnet rotor of the motor is formed by mounting a permanent magnet ring with magnetic lines of force perpendicular to the motor shaft in the outer radial direction, and magnetizing the permanent magnet ring in the outer radial direction. Alternatively, the permanent magnet can be mounted on the rotor body of the cylindrical rotor in the direction of the motor shaft with its magnetic lines of force perpendicular to the motor shaft. The magnetic poles generated by the permanent magnets on the cylindrical permanent magnet rotor form a magnetic field in the outer radial direction and are arranged with the south and north poles adjacent to each other.

[0017] In this invention, one end of each of the two-phase stator windings is connected together (e.g., Figure 7 (As shown) and connected to one power line of a single-phase AC power supply; in capacitor operation mode, one end of one phase winding of the two-phase winding is connected in series with a running capacitor, and then connected to the other end of the other phase winding, and then connected to another power line of the single-phase AC power supply. Specifically, it can be seen in... Figure 7As seen in the diagram, a capacitor C is connected in series with phase U. L and N in the diagram are the live and neutral wires of a single-phase AC power supply; they are the two power lines of the single-phase AC power supply. Figure 7 The diagram above shows the current of a single-phase AC power supply and the diagram showing the split-phase current into two phases after a capacitor C is connected in series. The U-phase current leads the V-phase current by 90 degrees. When a single-phase AC power is applied, each armature tooth under the two-phase winding generates a south and north magnetic pole, respectively. As the phases of the U-phase and V-phase currents change, a rotating magnetic field is generated. This rotating magnetic field causes the magnetic poles on the stator armature teeth facing the rotor and the magnetic poles on the rotor facing the armature teeth to generate a repulsive force that pushes them apart (same poles and same north poles repel each other) and an attractive force that pulls them closer together (one is the south pole and the other is the north pole). This drives each south and north pole permanent magnet on the rotor in a manner that, with the change of the rotating magnetic field, the rotor is driven to rotate in one direction.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the stator and rotor structure of a single-phase AC permanent magnet brushless motor according to the present invention, and its connection with a single-phase AC power supply. M2 is a rotor on which permanent magnets are mounted radially, with magnetic lines of force distributed radially. S1, S2, N1, and N2 on M1 are the south and north poles of the permanent magnets, and the permanent magnets are arranged with their north and south poles adjacent to each other. The rotor is surrounded by a stator M1 made of magnetic conductive material, and its interior is a cylindrical silicon steel sheet with armature slots and armature teeth for winding. The magnetic lines of force generated by the stator and rotor are perpendicular to the motor shaft. Two-phase stator windings are wound between the armature teeth, and the arrows on the windings indicate the winding direction. 1 to 24 in the figure are the armature teeth.

[0019] In the following concentric winding method, the same group of concentric windings consists of several coils with the same center, which can be regarded as N coils. These N coils (N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2) can have the same number of turns or different numbers of turns. The centers of two adjacent groups of distributed concentric windings in the same phase are separated by a distance of 2 times N armature teeth.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the stator and rotor structure of the present invention when the rotor has four magnetic poles and each concentric winding of the stator has two coils (N equals 2). The arrows on the stator windings indicate the winding direction. Figure 3 yes Figure 2This diagram shows only the stator winding method of the U-phase winding structure. As shown in the diagram, the first concentric winding coil of the U-phase winding is wound clockwise between armature teeth 1 and 4 by U1. After the required number of turns, the second coil of this winding is wound clockwise between armature teeth 2 and 3, with their centers both between armature teeth 2 and 3. After the required number of turns, the first coil of the adjacent concentric winding is wound counterclockwise between armature teeth 5 and 8. After the required number of turns, the second coil is wound counterclockwise between armature teeth 6 and 7, with the center of the second concentric winding between armature teeth 6 and 7. The centers of the first and second concentric windings are separated by four armature teeth (3, 4, 5, and 6), which is twice N. Similarly, the third concentric winding is wound clockwise between armature teeth 9, 12, 10, and 11, and the fourth concentric winding is wound clockwise between armature teeth 13, 16, 14, and 15. Figure 2 As can be seen, the V phase has its first concentric winding wound clockwise between armature teeth 3 and 6 and 4 and 5; its second concentric winding wound counterclockwise between armature teeth 7 and 10 and 8 and 9; its third concentric winding wound clockwise between armature teeth 11 and 14 and 12 and 13; and its fourth concentric winding wound clockwise and counterclockwise between armature teeth 15 and 2 and 16 and 1. The center of the first concentric winding of the U phase winding is between armature teeth 2 and 3, and the center of the first concentric winding of the V phase winding is between armature teeth 4 and 5. They are separated by armature teeth 3 and 4, which means there are N = 2 armature teeth between the two phases. The stator armature teeth number 16, which is equal to the rotor pole number 4 multiplied by the number of two-phase windings 2 and the number of coils with the same center (N = 2), that is, 4 x 2 x 2 = 16 armature teeth.

[0021] Figure 2 and Figure 3 To illustrate the winding method, the winding lines on the back of the stator were also drawn, but this was rather cumbersome. In fact, the winding direction could be clearly indicated simply by the diagram and arrows on the front. For clarity, the winding lines on the back of the stator will not be drawn again.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the stator and rotor structure of the present invention when the rotor has two magnetic poles and each concentric winding of the stator has four coils (N equals 4). The arrows on the stator windings indicate the winding direction. Figure 5 yes Figure 4This diagram only shows the stator winding method of the U-phase winding structure. As can be seen, the first concentric winding coil of the U-phase winding is wound clockwise between armature teeth 1 and 8 by U1. After reaching the required number of turns, the second coil of this winding is wound clockwise between armature teeth 2 and 7. Then, the third coil of this winding is wound clockwise between armature teeth 3 and 6, and the fourth coil is wound clockwise between armature teeth 4 and 5. Their centers are all between armature teeth 4 and 5. After the first concentric winding coil of the U-phase winding is completed, ... The first coil of the adjacent concentric winding is wound counterclockwise between armature teeth 9 and 16. After winding to the required number of turns, the second coil is wound counterclockwise between armature teeth 10 and 15, the third coil between armature teeth 11 and 14, and the fourth coil between armature teeth 12 and 13. Their centers are all between armature teeth 12 and 13. The centers of the first and second concentric windings of phase U are separated by eight armature teeth (5 to 12), which is twice the distance between N. Figure 4 As can be seen, the first concentric winding coil of the V-phase winding is wound clockwise between armature teeth 5 and 12 by V1. After the required number of turns, the second coil of the winding is wound clockwise between armature teeth 6 and 11. Then, the third coil of the winding is wound clockwise between armature teeth 7 and 10, and the fourth coil of the winding is wound clockwise between armature teeth 8 and 9. Their centers are all between armature teeth 8 and 9. After the first concentric winding coil of the V-phase winding is completed, The first coil of the adjacent concentric winding is wound counterclockwise between armature teeth 13 and 4. After winding to the required number of turns, the second coil is wound counterclockwise between armature teeth 14 and 3, the third coil is wound counterclockwise between armature teeth 15 and 2, and the fourth coil is wound counterclockwise between armature teeth 16 and 1. Their centers are all between armature teeth 16 and 1. The centers of the first and second concentric windings of phase V are separated by armature teeth 5 to 12, a total of 8 armature teeth, which is twice N. The center of the first concentric winding of phase U is between armature teeth 4 and 5, and the center of the first concentric winding of phase V is between armature teeth 8 and 9. They are separated by armature teeth 5 to 8, a total of 4 armature teeth, meaning that the two phases are separated by N = 4 armature teeth. The stator armature has 16 teeth, which is equal to the number of rotor poles (2) multiplied by the number of two-phase windings (2) and the number of coils at the same center (N=4 here), which is 2X2X4=16 armature teeth.

[0023] Having described the two types of stator windings above, we will now combine them with... Figure 6 and Figure 7As can be seen in the following description, when the rotor has four magnetic poles and each concentric winding of the stator has three coils (N equals 3), the stator and rotor structure diagrams are shown. The arrows on the stator windings indicate the winding direction. The number of stator armature teeth is equal to the number of rotor magnetic poles (4) multiplied by the number of 2-phase windings (2) and the number of coils at the same center (N = 3), which is 4 x 2 x 3 = 24 armature teeth.

[0024] Figures 6 to 8 This is a schematic diagram of the stator and rotor structure of the present invention when the rotor has four magnetic poles and each concentric winding of the stator has three coils (N equals 3). The arrows on the stator windings indicate the winding direction. When current A+ flows into A- from U1 and out of A- from U2, and when current A+ flows into A- from V1 and out of A- from V2, it also generates on the armature teeth. Figure 8 The magnetic poles shown above (the south pole magnetism generated by the U-phase winding on each armature tooth is represented by US, and the north pole magnetism generated by the U-phase winding on each armature tooth is represented by UN; similarly, the south pole magnetism generated by the V-phase winding on each armature tooth is represented by VS, and the north pole magnetism generated by the V-phase winding on each armature tooth is represented by VN). Figure 6 As can be seen, the first concentric winding coil of the U-phase winding is wound clockwise between armature teeth 1 and 6 by U1. After the required number of turns, the second coil of this winding is wound clockwise between armature teeth 2 and 5. Then, the third coil of this winding is wound clockwise between armature teeth 3 and 4. Their centers are all between armature teeth 3 and 4. After the first concentric winding coil of the U-phase winding is completed, the first coil of the adjacent concentric winding is wound counterclockwise between armature teeth 7 and 12. After the required number of turns, the second coil is wound counterclockwise between armature teeth 8 and 11. The third coil is wound counterclockwise between armature teeth 9 and 10. Their centers are all between armature teeth 9 and 10. The centers of the first and second concentric windings of the U-phase are separated by 6 armature teeth from 4 to 9, which is twice N=3. Then, a third concentric winding is wound clockwise between armature teeth 13, 18 and 14, 17 and 15, 16, with its center located between armature teeth 15 and 16, separated from the second center by a total of 6 armature teeth from 10 to 15. Then, a fourth concentric winding is wound counterclockwise between armature teeth 19, 24 and 20, 23 and 21, 22, with its center located between armature teeth 21 and 22, separated from the third center by a total of 6 armature teeth from 16 to 21, and also separated from the first center by a total of 6 armature teeth from 22 to 3.

[0025] from Figure 7As can be seen, the first concentric winding coil of the V-phase winding is wound clockwise between armature teeth 4 and 9 by V1. After the required number of turns, the second coil of this winding is wound clockwise between armature teeth 5 and 8. Then, the third coil of this winding is wound clockwise between armature teeth 6 and 7. Their centers are all between armature teeth 6 and 7. After the first concentric winding coil of the V-phase winding is completed, the first coil of the adjacent concentric winding is wound counterclockwise between armature teeth 10 and 15. After the required number of turns, the second coil is wound counterclockwise between armature teeth 11 and 14. The third coil is wound counterclockwise between armature teeth 12 and 13. Their centers are all between armature teeth 12 and 13. The centers of the first and second concentric windings of the V-phase are separated by 6 armature teeth from 7 to 12, which is twice N=3. Then, the third set of concentric windings is wound clockwise between armature teeth 16, 21 and 17, 20 and 18, 19 respectively; and the fourth set of concentric windings is wound counterclockwise between armature teeth 22, 3 and 23, 2 and 24, 1 respectively.

[0026] The center of the first concentric winding of the U-phase winding is between armature teeth 3 and 4, and the center of the first concentric winding of the V-phase winding is between armature teeth 6 and 7. They are separated by three armature teeth, from 4 to 6, which means there are N = 3 armature teeth between the two phases. The stator armature teeth number 24, which is equal to the rotor pole number 4 multiplied by the number of 2-phase windings and the number of N coils at the same center (here N = 3), that is, 4 x 2 x 3 = 24 armature teeth.

[0027] In conclusion, the winding method of a single-phase AC permanent magnet brushless motor is as follows: two adjacent concentric windings of the same phase winding are wound in opposite directions, the same group of concentric windings consists of N coils, and the center distance between two adjacent concentric windings of the same phase winding is twice N armature teeth. Figure 2 In the case of N=2, Figure 4 In the case of N=4, Figure 8 In the case of N=3), the two-phase windings are separated by N armature teeth. The relationship between the number of rotor poles, the number of stator armature teeth, and the number of N coils in the same center is as follows: the number of stator armature teeth is equal to the number of rotor poles multiplied by the number of 2-phase windings (2), and then multiplied by the number of N coils in the concentric windings in the same center, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0028] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 and Figure 7 The combined complete winding pattern and the magnetic pole diagram generated on each armature tooth when current flows in from U1 and V1 and out from U2 and V2.

[0029] Figure 9This refers to the connection method of the two-phase windings of the motor stator. A capacitor C is connected in series with the U phase, while L and N are the live and neutral wires of the single-phase AC power supply. Figure 9 The above is a current diagram of a single-phase AC power supply and a diagram showing the splitting of the current into two phases after a capacitor C is connected in series. The U-phase current leads the V-phase current by 90 degrees. The following description is based on these two-phase currents.

[0030] The following section discusses the phase changes of a single-phase AC permanent magnet brushless motor in conjunction with the changes in single-phase AC power. Figures 10 to 21 The principle and working mechanism of this motor are described by analyzing the changes in magnetic poles generated on the armature teeth of the stator and the force exerted on the magnetic field of the permanent magnet on the rotor.

[0031] Figures 10 to 21 In the diagrams, arrows on each winding indicate the direction of current, flowing from the positive terminal A+ to the negative terminal A-. Dashed lines in each diagram represent the direction of magnetic field lines, from the North Pole to the South Pole. To clearly illustrate the magnetic field lines in each phase of the two-phase alternating current (single-phase alternating current is considered two-phase by capacitor splitting to facilitate description of each phase), we intentionally draw the rotor smaller to better illustrate the magnetic field lines at that phase. For theoretical analysis, we consider the stator and rotor magnetic poles to be equivalent to a single point; this method is commonly used in electrodynamics. Furthermore, for clarity, phases without current flow (phases at 90, 180, and 360 degrees) are omitted from the corresponding diagrams. The dashed lines in each diagram represent the magnetic field lines generated by the stator armature teeth, from the North Pole to the South Pole.

[0032] For ease of understanding, we use the U and V symbols commonly used in brushless motors to represent two-phase alternating current.

[0033] The stator and rotor magnetic pole driving conditions at various driving moments are described below in 30-degree increments (the magnitude of the magnetic field strength on the armature teeth is normalized according to the theory, with a maximum value of 1, and equal to the current value; when the current value is negative, the magnetic poles are reversed). Figure 8 In the diagram, the south pole magnetism generated by the U-phase winding on each armature tooth is denoted by US, and the north pole magnetism generated by the U-phase winding on each armature tooth is denoted by UN. Similarly, the south pole magnetism generated by the V-phase winding on each armature tooth is denoted by VS, and the north pole magnetism generated by the V-phase winding on each armature tooth is denoted by VN. Figures 10 to 21 For ease of labeling, we have marked the magnetic values ​​generated by each winding above the winding itself for easy reading, and marked the combined values ​​on the armature tooth on the outer edge of the left half of the diagram for analysis. The phase is described using phase V as the phase reference.

[0034] under Figures 10 to 21In the text, "left" and "right" are defined by the left and right positions of the center of armature tooth 13, so as to unify the direction of viewing. For clarity, we draw the stator armature teeth with slightly thinner lines to highlight the changes in the magnetic field on the armature teeth.

[0035] At 0 degrees, such as Figure 10 As shown, phase U is at 90 degrees and its magnetic field strength is 1; phase V is at 0 degrees and its magnetic field strength is 0; no current flows through phase V, and current flows in from U1 and out through U2, producing the following... Figure 10 The magnetic poles and intensities are shown. The stator south pole is combined between armature teeth 3 and 4, driving the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole is combined between armature teeth 9 and 10, also attracting the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole in armature teeth 9 and 10 also simultaneously drives the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined between armature teeth 15 and 16 also attracts the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined between armature teeth 15 and 16, driving the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole combined between armature teeth 21 and 22, also attracting the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole in armature teeth 21 and 22 also simultaneously drives the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined between armature teeth 3 and 4 also attracts the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise.

[0036] At 30 degrees, such as Figure 11 As shown, phase U is at 120 degrees and its magnetic field strength is 0.866; phase V is at 30 degrees and its magnetic field strength is 0.5; current flows in through U1 and V1 and flows out through U2 and V2, generating... Figure 11 The magnetic poles and intensities are shown. The stator south pole is combined to the right of armature tooth 4, driving the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole is combined to the right of armature tooth 10, also attracting the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole to the right of armature tooth 10 also simultaneously drives the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined to the right of armature tooth 16 also attracts the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined to the right of armature tooth 16, driving the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole combined to the right of armature tooth 22, also attracting the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole to the right of armature tooth 22 also simultaneously drives the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined to the right of armature tooth 4 also attracts the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise.

[0037] At 60 degrees, such as Figure 12 As shown, phase U is at 150 degrees and its magnetic field strength is 0.5; phase V is at 60 degrees and its magnetic field strength is 0.886; current flows in through U1 and V1 and flows out through U2 and V2, generating... Figure 12The magnetic poles and intensities are shown. The stator south pole, when combined with the left side of armature tooth 6, drives the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counter-clockwise. The north pole, when combined with the left side of armature tooth 11, also attracts the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counter-clockwise. Simultaneously, the north pole on the left side of armature tooth 11 also drives the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counter-clockwise. The stator south pole, when combined with the left side of armature tooth 18, also attracts the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counter-clockwise. Similarly, the stator south pole, when combined with the left side of armature tooth 18, drives the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counter-clockwise. The north pole, when combined with the left side of armature tooth 23, also attracts the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counter-clockwise. Simultaneously, the north pole on the left side of armature tooth 23 also drives the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counter-clockwise. Finally, the stator south pole, when combined with the left side of armature tooth 6, also attracts the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counter-clockwise.

[0038] At 90 degrees, such as Figure 13 As shown, phase U is at 180 degrees and its magnetic field strength is 0; phase V is at 90 degrees and its magnetic field strength is 1; no current flows through phase U, and current flows in from V1 and out through V2, producing the following... Figure 13 The magnetic poles and intensities are shown. The stator south pole is combined between armature teeth 6 and 7, driving the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole is combined between armature teeth 12 and 13, also attracting the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole in armature teeth 12 and 13 also simultaneously drives the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined between armature teeth 18 and 19 also attracts the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined between armature teeth 18 and 19 drives the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole combined between armature teeth 1 and 24 also attracts the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole in armature teeth 1 and 24 also simultaneously drives the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined between armature teeth 6 and 7 also attracts the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise.

[0039] At 120 degrees, such as Figure 14 As shown, phase U is at 210 degrees and its magnetic field strength is -0.5; phase V is at 120 degrees and its magnetic field strength is 0.886; current flows in through U2 and V1 and flows out through U1 and V2, generating... Figure 14The magnetic poles and intensities are shown. The stator south pole is combined to the right of armature tooth 7, driving the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole is combined to the right of armature tooth 13, also attracting the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole to the right of armature tooth 13 also simultaneously drives the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined to the right of armature tooth 19 also attracts the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined to the right of armature tooth 19, driving the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole combined to the right of armature tooth 1, also attracting the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole to the right of armature tooth 1 also simultaneously drives the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined to the right of armature tooth 7 also attracts the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise.

[0040] At 150 degrees, such as Figure 15 As shown, phase U is at 240 degrees and its magnetic field strength is -0.886; phase V is at 150 degrees and its magnetic field strength is 0.5; current flows in through U2 and V1 and flows out through U1 and V2, generating... Figure 15 The magnetic poles and intensities are shown. The stator south pole, when combined with the left side of armature tooth 9, drives the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counter-clockwise. The north pole, when combined with the left side of armature tooth 15, also attracts the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counter-clockwise. Simultaneously, the north pole on the left side of armature tooth 15 also drives the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counter-clockwise. The stator south pole, when combined with the left side of armature tooth 21, also attracts the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counter-clockwise. Similarly, the stator south pole, when combined with the left side of armature tooth 7, drives the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counter-clockwise. The north pole, when combined with the left side of armature tooth 3, also attracts the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counter-clockwise. Simultaneously, the north pole on the left side of armature tooth 3 also drives the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counter-clockwise. The stator south pole, when combined with the left side of armature tooth 9, also attracts the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counter-clockwise.

[0041] At 180 degrees, such as Figure 16 As shown, phase U is at 270 degrees and its magnetic field strength is -1; phase V is at 180 degrees and its magnetic field strength is 0; no current flows through phase V, and current flows in from U2 and out through U1, producing the following... Figure 16The magnetic poles and intensities are shown. The stator south pole is combined between armature teeth 9 and 10, driving the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole is combined between armature teeth 15 and 16, also attracting the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole in armature teeth 15 and 16 also simultaneously drives the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined between armature teeth 21 and 22 also attracts the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined between armature teeth 21 and 22 drives the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole combined between armature teeth 3 and 4 also attracts the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole in armature tooth 34 also simultaneously drives the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined between armature teeth 9 and 10 also attracts the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise.

[0042] At 210 degrees, if Figure 17 As shown, phase U is at 300 degrees and its magnetic field strength is -0.886; phase V is at 210 degrees and its magnetic field strength is -0.5; current flows in through U2 and V2 and flows out through U1 and V1, generating the following... Figure 17 The magnetic poles and intensities are shown. The stator south pole is combined to the right of armature tooth 10, driving the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole is combined to the right of armature tooth 16, also attracting the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole to the right of armature tooth 16 also simultaneously drives the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined to the right of armature tooth 22 also attracts the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined to the right of armature tooth 22, driving the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole combined to the right of armature tooth 4, also attracting the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole to the right of armature tooth 4 also simultaneously drives the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined to the right of armature tooth 10 also attracts the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise.

[0043] At 240 degrees, such as Figure 18 As shown, phase U is at 330 degrees and its magnetic field strength is -0.5; phase V is at 240 degrees and its magnetic field strength is -0.886; current flows in through U2 and V2 and flows out through U1 and V1, generating... Figure 18The magnetic poles and intensities are shown. The stator south pole is combined to the left of armature tooth 12, driving the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole is combined to the left of armature tooth 18, also attracting the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole to the left of armature tooth 18 also simultaneously drives the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined to the left of armature tooth 24 also attracts the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined to the left of armature tooth 24, driving the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole combined to the left of armature tooth 6, also attracting the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole to the left of armature tooth 6 also simultaneously drives the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined to the left of armature tooth 12 also attracts the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise.

[0044] At 270 degrees, such as Figure 19 As shown, phase U is 360 degrees with a magnetic field strength of 0; phase V is 270 degrees with a magnetic field strength of -1; no current flows through phase U, current flows in from V2 and out through V1, producing the following... Figure 19 The magnetic poles and intensities are shown. The stator south pole is combined between armature teeth 12 and 13, driving the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole is combined between armature teeth 18 and 19, also attracting the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole in armature teeth 18 and 19 also simultaneously drives the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined between armature teeth 24 and 1 also attracts the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole is combined between armature teeth 1 and 24, driving the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole is combined between armature teeth 6 and 7, also attracting the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole in armature teeth 6 and 7 also simultaneously drives the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined between armature teeth 12 and 13 also attracts the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise.

[0045] At 300 degrees, such as Figure 20 As shown, phase U is at 30 degrees and its magnetic field strength is 0.5; phase V is at 300 degrees and its magnetic field strength is -0.886; current flows in through U1 and V2 and flows out through U2 and V1, generating... Figure 20The magnetic poles and intensities are shown. The stator south pole is combined to the right of armature tooth 13, driving the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole is combined to the right of armature tooth 19, also attracting the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole to the right of armature tooth 19 also simultaneously drives the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined to the right of armature tooth 1 also attracts the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined to the right of armature tooth 1 drives the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole combined to the right of armature tooth 7 also attracts the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole to the right of armature tooth 7 also simultaneously drives the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined to the right of armature tooth 13 also attracts the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise.

[0046] At 330 degrees, such as Figure 21 As shown, phase U is at 60 degrees and its magnetic field strength is 0.886; phase V is at 330 degrees and its magnetic field strength is -0.5; current flows in through U1 and V2 and flows out through U2 and V1, generating... Figure 21 The magnetic poles and intensities are shown. The stator south pole is combined to the left of armature tooth 15, driving the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole is combined to the left of armature tooth 21, also attracting the rotor south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole to the left of armature tooth 21 also simultaneously drives the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined to the left of armature tooth 3 also attracts the rotor north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole is combined to the left of armature tooth 3, driving the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole is combined to the left of armature tooth 9, also attracting the rotor south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise. The north pole to the left of armature tooth 9 also simultaneously drives the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise. The stator south pole combined to the left of armature tooth 15 also attracts the rotor north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise.

[0047] After the phase change of the two-phase power supply and the resulting drive on the permanent magnet on the rotor, the position of the permanent magnet S2 on the rotor is rotated to the position when the V phase is 0 degrees, completing a complete 360-degree electrical angle drive. The subsequent process is to repeat this process, and the two complete electrical angle drives make the rotor rotate one revolution, realizing the rotation of the motor rotor.

[0048] As can be seen from the above process, the rotational speed of the motor rotor is driven by the rotating magnetic field generated by the phase change of the two-phase alternating current. The rate of phase change depends on the frequency of the two-phase alternating current, which means that a single-phase AC permanent magnet brushless motor can have its speed regulated by a single-phase AC frequency converter.

[0049] Similar to a single-phase squirrel-cage AC motor, a single-phase AC permanent magnet brushless motor can also be manufactured as... Figure 1 The capacitor operation shown and as follows Figure 22 The capacitor-start type shown is in Figure 22 In the diagram, CY is the running capacitor, CQ is the starting capacitor, and SW is a normally closed centrifugal switch that disconnects the starting capacitor CQ when the rotor reaches a certain speed.

[0050] This invention provides a winding method for each phase winding of a single-phase AC permanent magnet brushless motor and a method for driving the motor rotor equipped with permanent magnets under various phase conditions when two-phase AC power is input, so as to achieve the conversion of electrical energy and mechanical energy using two-phase AC power. The two-phase AC power is derived from ordinary daily single-phase AC power through capacitor phase splitting, which meets the corresponding civil and industrial applications.

[0051] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. In particular, it should be noted that permanent magnets on the rotor can have many different structural shapes and manufacturing methods, such as annular magnetization and surface-mounted magnetic sheets, etc., as long as their magnetic lines of force are perpendicular to rather than parallel to the motor shaft, they should be considered as motors of the same type.

[0052] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A single phase AC permanent magnet brushless motor comprising a motor stator and a cylindrical permanent magnet rotor, characterized by: A single-phase AC permanent magnet brushless motor, the motor stator is made of silicon steel sheet stack, the inside of which is barrel-shaped and has armature slots and armature teeth for winding, two-phase stator windings are wound on the armature teeth, the magnetic lines of force generated after the stator windings are energized are perpendicular to the motor shaft, the cylindrical permanent magnet rotor is provided with permanent magnets, the cylindrical permanent magnet rotor generates a radial magnetic field, the stator windings generate south and north poles on each armature tooth when energized, the magnetic poles of the stator armature teeth facing the rotor and the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets on the rotor facing the armature teeth generate repulsive force to push each other away in the same way, and the opposite magnetic poles generate attractive force to pull each other closer to drive each south and north pole permanent magnet on the rotor, and the distribution of the stator windings is concentric winding, which generates a rotating magnetic field when single-phase AC power is applied to drive the rotor to rotate in one direction, and the two-phase stator windings are driven by a single-phase AC power supply.

2. A single-phase AC permanent-magnet brushless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator made of silicon steel sheet stack, the stator windings on the armature teeth are wound according to the concentric winding method, the adjacent two concentric windings of the same phase winding are wound in opposite directions, the same group of concentric windings is composed of N coils and has the same winding direction, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

3. A single-phase AC permanent-magnet brushless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centers of the adjacent two concentric windings of the same phase winding are apart by 2 times N armature teeth, and the two-phase stator windings are wound in the same way and are placed apart by N armature teeth.

4. A single-phase AC permanent-magnet brushless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the two-phase winding is connected together and connected to one power line of the single-phase AC power supply; in the capacitor operation mode, the other end of one phase winding of the two-phase winding is connected in series with an operating capacitor, and then the other end of the other phase winding is connected together and connected to the other power line of the single-phase AC power supply; in the capacitor starting mode, a starting capacitor connected in series with a normally closed centrifugal switch is connected in parallel with the operating capacitor.

5. A single-phase AC permanent-magnet brushless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical permanent magnet rotor is provided with a permanent magnet ring whose magnetic lines of force are perpendicular to the motor shaft in the radial direction of the motor shaft, and the permanent magnet ring is magnetized in the radial direction, or the permanent magnet is installed on the rotor body of the cylindrical rotor in a way that its magnetic lines of force are perpendicular to the motor shaft, the magnetic poles generated by the permanent magnets on the cylindrical permanent magnet rotor generate a radial magnetic field and are arranged adjacent to each other in the form of south and north poles.

6. A single-phase AC permanent-magnet brushless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relationship between the number of magnetic poles in the radial direction of the cylindrical permanent magnet rotor and the number of stator armature slots of a single-phase AC permanent magnet brushless motor is that the number of stator armature slots is equal to the sum of the number of south and north poles in the radial direction of the cylindrical permanent magnet rotor multiplied by 2, and then multiplied by the number of N coils of the same concentric winding with the same center.

7. A single-phase AC permanent-magnet brushless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the motor The rotor rotation speed is adjusted by a single-phase AC frequency converter that can change the output frequency, and two AC power lines output by the single-phase AC frequency converter are connected to two power lines of a single-phase AC permanent magnet brushless motor.

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