Bidirectional wave energy converter

Abstract

A bi-directional turbine arrangement for generating electrical energy from wave motion, the turbine arrangement being adapted to be arranged below a waterline, where the bi-directional turbine arrangement comprises; a first shaft element having a second end section connected to a platform for suspending the bi-directional turbine device; a first hub unit axially inserted on the first end section of the first shaft element; a first flange and a second flange fixed to the first end section at a predetermined distance from each other for limiting axial movement of the first hub unit along the first shaft element; a first housing element enclosing the first hub unit and the flange for axially moving the first hub unit as a result of a downward or upward flow of water impacting the first housing element; a first plurality of blades surrounding the first housing element and inserted into the first hub unit for providing torque to a first end section of the first shaft, where a base of each blade of the first plurality of blades is inserted through the first housing element and into the first hub unit; and a pitch angle changing assembly connecting at least one of the flanges and the first plurality of blades, where the pitch angle changing assembly provides a predetermined pitch angle of the first plurality of blades according to axial movement of the first hub unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a device and apparatus for generating electrical energy from the motion of the ocean, such as waves and ocean currents. Background Art

[0002] Devices that utilize the energy of the ocean, or more specifically, devices that convert the energy of waves and ocean currents into electricity are referred to as wave energy converters or WECs.

[0003] There are various types of WEC designs, which more or less strive to effectively convert wave energy into electricity. One of the more common designs of WECs is to utilize the oscillating ocean energy from waves, where when a wave moves in a certain direction, the area or point of that wave moves in the vertical direction, i.e., up and down. The water body at the point that moves in the vertical direction can be considered a water column.

[0004] There are various prior arts of WECs that can utilize the oscillation of waves, such as EP 2425124B1, which describes a submerged turbine having at least one set of multiple blades for utilizing the water flow in the water column in two directions or in a bidirectional manner within the turbine, where these blades can also rotate at their bases and change their pitch angles in a passive manner to effectively convert the water flow into torque in the turbine.

[0005] Other prior arts, such as US2019257281A1 and JP2013189969A, describe WECs having bidirectional turbines, where they can receive a water column converging towards their turbines. However, EP2425124B1 differs from the present invention in that the shaft of the turbine is in the lateral direction with respect to the received water column and does not have the same ability to change the pitch angles of their turbines.

[0006] Arguably, EP2425124B1 seems to have a relatively complex design with many components, where the blades of EP2425124B1 can also be subdivided into separate segments on their own.

[0007] There is a desire to provide a WEC design that can effectively generate electrical energy from oscillating waves and effectively utilize the components of the turbine to generate this electrical energy. Summary of the Invention

[0008] An object of the present invention is to provide a bidirectional flow turbine device that can generate electrical energy in a water body.

[0009] A further object of the present invention is to provide a bi-directional turbine device for generating electrical energy from wave motion, the turbine device being adapted to be arranged below the water line, wherein the bi-directional turbine device comprises: a first shaft element having a second end section connected to a platform for suspending the bi-directional turbine device; a first hub unit axially inserted onto a first end section of the first shaft element; a first flange and a second flange fixed to the first end section at a predetermined distance from each other for restricting axial movement of the first hub unit along the first shaft element; a first housing element enclosing the first hub unit and the flanges for axially moving the first hub unit due to a downward or upward water flow impacting the first housing element; a first plurality of blades surrounding the first housing element and inserted into the first hub unit for providing torque to the first end section of the first shaft, wherein the base of each blade of the first plurality of blades is inserted through the first housing element and into the first hub unit; a pitch angle changing assembly connecting at least one of the flanges and the first plurality of blades, wherein the pitch angle changing assembly provides a predetermined pitch angle of the first plurality of blades by the axial movement of the first hub unit.

[0010] Preferably, the second end section of the first shaft element is connected to a first electrical energy generator on the platform.

[0011] Preferably, the first end section of the first shaft element comprises a rod element fixed to the first shaft element, wherein the rod element is surrounded by a cylinder device rotating around the rod element, and wherein the second end section of the first shaft element is connected to the top part of the frame of the platform.

[0012] Preferably, the rod element is a fixed part and the cylinder device is a rotating part, and wherein the fixed part and the rotating part together form a second electrical energy generator.

[0013] Preferably, the bidirectional turbine device further comprises: a second shaft element having a second end portion section connected to the platform for holding the bidirectional turbine device; a second hub unit axially inserted on the first end portion section of the second shaft element; a first flange and a second flange fixed to the first end portion section at a predetermined distance from each other for restricting the axial movement of the second hub unit along the second shaft element; a second housing element enclosing the second hub unit and the flanges for axially moving the second hub unit due to a downward or upward water flow impinging on the first and second housing elements, wherein the second housing element is adjacent to the first housing element at their widest openings and the second housing element axially moves in the same axial direction as the first housing element; a second plurality of blades surrounding the second housing element and inserted into the second hub unit for providing torque to the first end portion section of the second shaft, wherein the base of each blade of the second plurality of blades is inserted through the second housing element and into the second hub unit, wherein the second plurality of blades are adjacent and located below the first plurality of blades; a pitch angle changing assembly connecting at least one of the flanges and the second plurality of blades, wherein the pitch angle changing assembly provides a predetermined pitch angle of the second plurality of blades by the axial movement of the second hub unit, wherein the pitch angle of the second plurality of blades is adapted to have a first pitch angle while the pitch angle of the first plurality of blades is adapted to have a second pitch angle, wherein the pitch angle of the second plurality of blades is adapted to have a second pitch angle while the pitch angle of the first plurality of blades is adapted to have a first pitch angle.

[0014] Preferably, the second shaft is located within the first shaft element and is connected to a first electrical energy generator on the platform by a differential unit, wherein the differential unit further transfers torque from the second shaft to the first electrical energy generator.

[0015] Preferably, the second end portion section of the second shaft element is connected to the bottom portion of the frame of the platform, wherein the fixed portion of the first shaft element and the fixed portion of the second shaft element are a single connected fixed portion, wherein the single connected fixed portion is surrounded by two rotating portions rotating about the single connected fixed portion, and each of the two rotating portions rotating about the single connected fixed portion forms a second electrical energy generator.

[0016] Preferably, the pitch angle changing assembly is a first pitch angle changing assembly, wherein each blade of the first plurality of blades includes a protrusion at the base of each blade, wherein the protrusion is connected to a lever item, and the lever item is connected to a protrusion among a plurality of protrusions of the flange, and the protrusion is circumferentially positioned on the flange and faces the hub unit.

[0017] Preferably, the pitch angle changing assembly is a second pitch angle changing assembly, wherein the base of each blade of the first plurality of blades includes a gear that interacts with the elongate protrusion of a linear gear, wherein the elongate protrusion extends from a flange.

[0018] A further object of the present invention is to provide a bi-directional turbine device for generating electrical energy from wave motion, the turbine device being adapted to be arranged below the waterline, wherein the bi-directional turbine device comprises: a first shaft element having a second end section that is connected to a platform for suspending the bi-directional turbine device; a first hub unit axially inserted onto the first end section of the first shaft element, wherein the first hub unit includes a gear for engaging the first end section; a second hub unit axially inserted onto the first end section of the first shaft element, wherein the second hub unit includes a gear for engaging the first end section, the first end section further including a first gear at the outermost end of the first end section and a second gear at a predetermined distance from the outermost end of the first end section, wherein the first gear engages the gear of the second hub unit and provides torque from the second hub unit onto the first end section and forms a first gear set, wherein the second gear engages the gear of the first hub unit and provides torque from the first hub unit onto the first end section and forms a second gear set; a first housing element that encloses the first hub unit for axially moving both the first hub unit and the second hub unit and activating the second gear set when a downward water flow impacts the first housing element; a second housing element that encloses the second hub unit for axially moving both the first hub unit and the second hub unit and activating the first gear set when an upward water flow impacts the second housing element, wherein the second housing element is adjacent to the first housing element at their widest openings and the second housing element accordingly moves axially with the first housing element; a first plurality of blades that surround the first housing element and are inserted into the first hub unit for providing torque to the first end section via the second gear set, wherein the base of each blade of the first plurality of blades is inserted through the first housing element and into the first hub unit, wherein each blade of the first plurality of blades has a fixed first pitch angle; a second plurality of blades that surround the second housing element and are inserted into the second hub unit for providing torque to the first end section via the first gear set, wherein the base of each blade of the second plurality of blades is inserted through the second housing element and into the second hub unit, wherein each blade of the second plurality of blades has a fixed second pitch angle.

[0019] Preferably, the first end section includes a third electric energy generator, which includes a second cylinder device. The second cylinder device includes a first gear and a second gear for engaging the gears of the first and second hub units; and a second rod connected to at least one shaft element. The second cylinder device rotates around the second rod, and at least one shaft element is connected to the frame of the platform.

[0020] A further object of the present invention is to provide a bidirectional turbine device for generating electric energy from wave motion. The turbine device is adapted to be arranged below the waterline. The bidirectional turbine device includes: a first shaft element having a second end section connected to a platform for suspending the bidirectional turbine device; a first plurality of blades surrounding and fixed to the first end section of the first shaft element to provide torque to the first end section, and each blade of the first plurality of blades has a fixed pitch angle.

[0021] Preferably, the second end section of the first shaft element is connected to a fourth electric energy generator on the platform, and the fourth electric energy generator receives torque from the first shaft element in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.

[0022] Preferably, the bidirectional turbine device further includes a funnel-shaped unit surrounding at least one housing element and a plurality of blades. The funnel-shaped unit is used to receive water flow and converge the water flow from the open end of the funnel-shaped unit towards the plurality of blades.

[0023] Preferably, the device further includes at least one support motor or flywheel for providing hub unit torque for at least one rotation when the pitch angle of the first or second plurality of blades changes.

[0024] A further object of the present invention is to provide a device for generating electric energy, including: a floating platform and a plurality of bidirectional turbine devices. Each of the plurality of bidirectional turbine devices is suspended from the platform through a first shaft element, and the plurality of bidirectional turbine devices are positioned at a predetermined depth below the waterline.

[0025] Preferably, the platform further includes a plurality of first electric energy generators on the platform. Each of the first electric energy generators uses the first shaft element to suspend the bidirectional turbine device below the waterline at a predetermined depth, and the bidirectional turbine device drives the first electric energy generator using the first shaft element.

[0026] Preferably, the platform further includes a frame for suspending or holding at least one bidirectional turbine device, and at least one bidirectional turbine device is connected to at least the top or bottom through at least one shaft element of the bidirectional turbine device.

[0027] Preferably, the platform is moored to the bottom of the water body by a tensioned mooring cable, which is used to keep the platform at a predetermined depth.

[0028] Preferably, the platform further includes one or more heave plates near the bottom of the platform for restricting the heave and roll motions of the platform caused by waves.

[0029] Preferably, the platform further includes at least one ballast tank and buoyancy tank for providing self-adjusting ballast, wherein the buoyancy tank includes at least two sub-compartments vertically positioned on top of each other, wherein each sub-compartment has at least one inlet at the top of the sub-compartment and an outlet at the bottom of the sub-compartment, and wherein the outlet of the top sub-compartment communicates with the inlet of the bottom sub-compartment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 A perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention,

[0031] Figure 2 and Figure 2a A side view showing an embodiment of the first pitch angle changing assembly of the present invention including a cross-section having a first housing element,

[0032] Figure 2b A side view showing an embodiment of the first pitch angle changing assembly of the present invention without the first housing element;

[0033] Figure 3 and Figure 3a A perspective view showing an embodiment of the second pitch angle changing assembly of the present invention including a cross-section having a first housing element,

[0034] Figure 4 A perspective view showing an embodiment of the cross-section of the present invention including a funnel-shaped unit,

[0035] Figure 5 A detailed cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention having a second power generator,

[0036] Figure 6 Showing a plurality of embodiments of the present invention, wherein the second power generator is fastened to and submerged in a floating platform,

[0037] Figure 7 Showing a plurality of embodiments of the present invention, wherein the first power generator is located above the water and connected to the floating platform,

[0038] Figure 8 Showing an apparatus for mooring a floating platform, the moored floating platform including a plurality of the present invention having a first power generator,

[0039] Figure 9An apparatus of a moored floating platform is shown, the moored floating platform including a plurality of the present inventions each having a second electric energy generator.

[0040] Figure 10 An embodiment of the present invention having two sets of a plurality of blades and a differential unit is shown,

[0041] Figure 11 An embodiment of the present invention is shown, in which two sets of a plurality of blades are connected to the frame of the platform,

[0042] Figure 12 Another embodiment of the present invention having two sets of a plurality of blades is shown,

[0043] Figure 13 Another embodiment of the present invention having two sets of a plurality of blades connected to the frame of the platform is shown,

[0044] Figure 14 Another embodiment of the present invention having a generator and fixed - angle blades is shown,

[0045] Figure 15 An embodiment of the present invention is shown, in which the generator and the fixed - angle blades are located on a platform having a heaving plate,

[0046] Figure 16 An embodiment of the present invention is shown, in which the fixed - angle blades are connected to a differential gear and an electric energy generator.

[0047] Figure 17 and Figure 18 A detailed side view of an embodiment of a third differential unit is shown,

[0048] Figure 19 An exploded view of the third differential unit is shown. Detailed Description

[0049] Figures 1 to 3 、 Figure 5 、 Figures 10 to 14 An embodiment of the present invention is shown; a two - way turbine device 1 for generating electric energy by receiving and converting energy from water flows and water flows from the opposite direction (for example, flowing up and down in a water body or water column due to wave motion).

[0050] As Figures 6 to 9 shown, the two - way turbine device 1 is connected to a first shaft 10, which in turn drives an electric energy generator 100. The first shaft 10 can be a solid rod or a hollow tube. The electric energy generator 100 can be a first electric energy generator 100a above the water line or a second electric energy generator 100b below the water line. Figures 6 to 9 Also shown are a plurality of two - way turbine devices 1 and the electric energy generator 100 on a platform 300.

[0051] As Figures 1 to 2a and Figures 3 to 5 shown, the two-way turbine device 1 includes an elongated first housing element 3 that surrounds an end section 10a of a first shaft 10, where the first housing element 3 has a plurality of narrow tip ends at each end and is wide in an intermediate section. The circumference of the intermediate section of the first housing element 3 is surrounded by a first plurality of blades 4 that are rotatable about their entry points on the first housing element 3. The shape of each blade in the first plurality of blades 4 can be, but is not limited to, a straight turbine blade or a propeller blade.

[0052] As Figure 2 and Figure 2a shown, when receiving a water flow in the longitudinal direction of the first housing element 3, the first plurality of blades 4 have a first pitch angle a1. The first plurality of blades 4 can also change their pitch angle to a second pitch angle a2 for receiving a relatively opposite water flow in the longitudinal direction of the first housing element 3. At both the first and second pitch angles a1, a2, the first plurality of blades 4 rotate about the first shaft 10 in a first direction A.

[0053] The change of the pitch angles a1, a2 is managed by the movement of a first hub unit 5 in the longitudinal direction of the end section 10a, where each blade in the first plurality of blades 4 has a base 4a that is connected to the first hub unit 5 through the first housing element 3. Wherein, each base 4a of the plurality of first blades 4 is rotatable about its connection to the first hub unit 5 and the first housing element 3.

[0054] A first flange 60 and a second flange 61 are adjacent below and above the first hub unit 5, where the flanges 60, 61 are fixed to and screwed onto the end section 10a. The first flange 60 and the second flange 61 are also spaced apart, where there is a predetermined spatial tolerance between the first flange 60 and the second flange 61, thereby allowing the first hub unit 5 to make a limited two-way movement in the longitudinal direction of the end section 10a between the first flange 60 and the second flange 61.

[0055] As Figures 2 to 3 shown, the two-way movement of the first hub unit 5 and the pitch angle change assembly 40 manipulates the pitch angle of the first plurality of blades 4, from the first pitch angle a1 to the second pitch angle a2, or from the second pitch angle a2 to the first pitch angle a1.

[0056] The pitch angle change assembly 40 can be a first pitch angle change assembly 41 (see Figure 2 , Figures 2a to 2b ) or a second pitch angle change assembly 42 (see Figure 3 andFigure 3a )。

[0057] As Figure 2 and Figures 2a to 2b shown, the manipulation of the pitch angles a1, a2 of the first plurality of blades 4 by the first pitch-changing assembly 41 includes the first pitch-changing assembly 41, which includes a protrusion 4b at the base 4a of each blade of the first plurality of blades 4. The protrusion 4b is linked to a lever 41a, wherein the lever 41a is also interconnectedly linked to a protrusion 61a of the second flange 61, and there are a plurality of protrusions 61a circumferentially located below the second flange 61. Alternatively, the protrusion 4b and the lever 41a can alternatively be connected to another protrusion 60a (not shown) on the bottom of the first flange 60 (not shown) or connected to the protrusions 60a and 61a simultaneously.

[0058] When the bottom edge of the first hub unit 5 contacts the side of the first flange 60 facing the first hub unit 5, due to the connection between the protrusions 4b, 61a and the rod 41a, the pitch angles of the first plurality of blades 4 are at the first pitch angle a1. This occurs when water flows downward on the first housing element 3 and the plurality of blades 4, which in turn pushes the first hub unit 5 downward and provides the first pitch angle a1.

[0059] And when the top edge of the first hub unit 5 contacts the side of the second flange 61 facing the first hub unit 5, the pitch angles of the first plurality of blades 4 are at the second pitch angle a2. This occurs when water flows upward on the first housing element 3 and the plurality of blades 4, which in turn pushes the first hub unit 5 upward along the first end section 10a and provides the second pitch angle a2.

[0060] As Figure 3 and Figure 3a shown, the pitch angles a1, a2 of the first plurality of blades 4 can be alternatively manipulated by a second pitch-changing assembly 42, which is an embodiment of a rack and pinion, wherein each blade of the first plurality of blades 4 further includes a gear 4c at the base 4a of each blade 4, and the gear 4c acts as a pinion. However, an elongated protrusion having a linear gear or rack 70 acting as a rack extends from the first flange 60 towards the second flange 61, or vice versa, extending partially or completely between the flanges 60, 61.

[0061] Thus, when the gear 4c moves downward toward the first flange 60 on the elongate protrusion having the rack 70 due to the downward flow of water on the first housing element 3 until the bottom edge of the first hub unit 5 contacts the side of the first flange 60 facing the first hub unit 5, the first pitch angle a1 is achieved for the first plurality of blades 4. To achieve the second pitch angle a2 of the first plurality of blades 4, the gear 4c moves upward toward the second flange 61 on the elongate protrusion having the rack 70 due to the upward flow of water on the first housing element 3 until the top edge of the first hub unit 5 contacts the side of the first flange 60 facing the first hub unit 5.

[0062] The pitch angles a1, a2 of the first plurality of blades 4 mainly indicate the direction of the water flow impinging on the first housing element 3, which is derived from waves and / or ocean currents.

[0063] As Figure 7 shown, the second end section 10b of the first shaft 10 is connected to a first electrical energy generator 100a located above the waterline. In this configuration, the first hub unit 5 is also inserted on the first shaft 10 and is relatively freely movable in the longitudinal direction of the first shaft 10, being restricted only by the flanges 60, 61, the first pitch angle changing assembly 41 or the second pitch angle changing assembly 42, and the first plurality of blades 4. The first hub unit 5 and the first shaft 10 rotate in the same direction due to being connected to the flanges 60, 61 and the first or second pitch angle changing assemblies 41, 42. Thus, when the first plurality of blades 4 rotate about the first shaft 10 due to the water flow, torque is provided from the first hub unit 5 to the first shaft 10, and the first hub unit 5 in turn drives the first electrical energy generator 100a.

[0064] As Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, an embodiment of the bidirectional turbine device 1 has a second electric energy generator 100b. A plurality of bidirectional turbine devices 1 are placed in the frame 300a of the platform 300. In this embodiment, the main function of the first shaft 10 is to hold and suspend the bidirectional turbine device 1, and preferably, the first shaft 10 should not rotate. The first shaft 10 is itself connected to the top of the frame 300a. The second electric energy generator 100b includes a rod element 201 and a cylinder device 202, wherein the rod element 201 replaces the first end section 10a of the first shaft 10. And the cylinder device 202 can rotate freely around the rod element 201, wherein the rod element 201 is the fixed part 201a of the second electric energy generator 100b, and the cylinder device 202 is the rotating part 202a of the second electric energy generator 100b, and the fixed part 201a and the rotating part 202a generate electric energy. In this configuration, the first flange 60 and the second flange 61 are inserted and fixed to the rotating part 202a, and the first hub unit 5 is also inserted on the rotating part 202a. The movement of the first hub unit 5 is restricted by the flanges 60, 61, the first or second pitch angle changing assemblies 41, 42, and the first plurality of blades 4. When the first plurality of blades 4 are driven to rotate by the water flow, torque is provided to the rotating part 202a, which in turn drives the second electric energy generator 100b.

[0065] As Figure 6 shown, which shows a plurality of submerged bidirectional turbine devices 1 having a plurality of second electric energy generators 100b. The plurality of submerged bidirectional turbine devices 1 are fixed to the frame 300a, which in turn fixes the submerged part of the platform 300, such as the buoyancy columns or pontoons of the platform 300. Waves and ocean currents flow through or oscillate through the array of devices 1. Optionally, in an embodiment, the frame 300a having a plurality of submerged bidirectional turbine devices 1 can be fastened to a fixed installation (not shown) in the water body, wherein the fixed installation (such as a jacket platform) is fastened to the bottom of the water body.

[0066] And when the first housing element 3 receives an upward water flow in the longitudinal direction of the first housing element 3 towards the platform 300, the first housing element 3 moves slightly upward. Accordingly, the first plurality of blades 4 also move slightly upward in the same direction together with the first housing element 3 until the first hub unit 5 is restricted by the second flange 61, and at the same time the first plurality of blades 4 also change their pitch angles and rotate to the second pitch angle a2 due to the interconnected protrusions 4b, 61a and levers 41a of the first pitch angle changing assembly 41 or the gears 4c and racks 70 of the second pitch angle changing assembly 42. And at the second pitch angle a2, the first plurality of blades 4 will rotate in the first direction A when receiving the upward water flow and provide torque, which in turn will provide torque to the first shaft 10. The provided torque also causes the first shaft 10 to rotate in the first direction A and thus drives the electric energy generator 100.

[0067] In the case of a downward flow affecting the first housing element 3, i.e., when towards the bottom in the water body, when the first housing element moves slightly downward along the first shaft 10, through the interconnection of the first plurality of blades 4 mentioned, the first hub unit 5 also moves downward towards the first flange 60, and the pitch angle of the first plurality of blades 4 rotates from the second pitch angle a2 to the first pitch angle a1. Due to the downward flow and the pitch angle of the first pitch angle a1, the first plurality of blades 4 will also rotate in the first direction A, thereby providing torque to the first shaft 10, and in turn, when the pitch angle is the first pitch angle a1, also rotating the first shaft 10 in the first direction A and thus driving the electric energy generator 100.

[0068] And just when the pitch angle changes from the first pitch angle a1 to the second pitch angle a2, or from the second pitch angle a2 to the first pitch angle a1, due to the change in the flow direction on the first plurality of blades 4, a support motor (not shown) may also be included in the device 1 to assist the first plurality of blades 4 to make at least one rotation after the pitch angle change.

[0069] In another embodiment, as an alternative to the support motor (not shown), a flywheel (not shown) is included in the bidirectional turbine device 1 or is positioned near the top end 10b of the shaft, which will help the first plurality of blades 4 to make at least one rotation in the first direction A because the first hub unit 5 moves up and down along the first shaft 10 due to the changed direction of the water flow.

[0070] As Figure 4As shown, the two-way turbine device 1 may further include a funnel-shaped unit 2 surrounding the first housing element 3 and the plurality of first blades 4. The funnel-shaped unit 2 has large openings at each end for receiving water flow at one opening end 2a or the other opening end 2b of the funnel-shaped unit 2. The shape and size of the funnel-shaped unit 2 are such that the funnel-shaped unit 2 converges any received water flow towards the first plurality of blades 4 at a predetermined water flow rate. The funnel-shaped unit 2 has a predetermined form and a predetermined size for each of the openings 2a, 2b for managing the speed of the water flow converging towards the first plurality of blades 4. The predetermined form and the predetermined size of the funnel-shaped unit 2 and its openings 2a, 2b may be adapted to the local environmental conditions to provide an optimal water flow rate on the first plurality of blades 4.

[0071] Figure 8 An embodiment of an apparatus for generating electrical energy using a two-way turbine device 1 is shown, the two-way turbine device having a first electrical energy generator 100a mounted on a floating semi-submersible platform 300, the floating semi-submersible platform being moored to the bottom of a water body (such as, the ocean floor). The semi-submersible platform 300 may be positioned offshore where ocean conditions are conducive to generating electrical energy, or positioned in other suitable locations and equipped with the two-way turbine device 1.

[0072] The platform 300 may be held in that position by being moored to the bottom of a water body (such as an ocean or a lake), where mooring cables are used to maintain the position and operating depth of the platform, and the depth below the waterline of the two-way turbine device 1 can generate energy from waves and ocean currents. The mooring cables are taut to maintain the position and operating depth. Alternatively, dynamic position thrusters (not shown) may be included in the platform 300 for maintaining the position.

[0073] A plurality of two-way turbine devices 1 are submerged by the platform 300 at a predetermined depth below the waterline for generating energy. The first electrical energy generator 100a is positioned on an elevated deck of the platform 300 above the waterline, wherein torque is provided from the two-way turbine device 1 to the first electrical energy generator 100a through the first shaft element 10.

[0074] Figure 9 Another embodiment of an apparatus including a plurality of two-way turbine devices 1 having an embedded second electrical energy generator 100b with a semi-submersible platform 300 moored to the ocean floor is shown. As in the previously mentioned embodiment, the plurality of two-way turbine devices 1 are submerged by the platform 300 at a predetermined depth below the waterline for generating energy from the water flow.

[0075] The main function of the first shaft 10 is to hold and suspend the two-way turbine device 1, and preferably, the first shaft 10 should not rotate. The first shaft 10 itself (or more specifically its second end section 10b) is connected to the top portion of the frame 300a. As Figure 5As shown, the second electric energy generator 100b includes a rod element 201 and a cylinder device 202. Among them, the rod element 201 replaces the first end section 10a of the first shaft 10. And the cylinder device 202 can rotate freely around the rod element 201, where the rod element 201 is the fixed part 201a of the second electric energy generator 100b, and the cylinder device 202 is the rotating part 202a of the second electric energy generator 100b, and electric energy is generated by the fixed part 201a and the rotating part 202a. In this configuration, the first flange 60 and the second flange 61 are inserted and fixed to the rotating part 202a, and the first hub unit 5 is also inserted on the rotating part 202a. The movement of the first hub unit 5 is restricted by the flanges 60, 61, the first or second pitch-changing assemblies 41, 42, and the first plurality of blades 4. When the first plurality of blades 4 are driven to rotate by the water flow, torque is provided to the rotating part 202a, and the rotating part 202a then drives the second electric energy generator 100b.

[0076] Figure 10 Another embodiment of the two-way turbine device 1 is shown, and this two-way turbine device is coupled to a first electric energy generator 100a located above the water line. This embodiment includes a second plurality of blades 4' adjacent below the first plurality of blades 4, where the second plurality of blades 4' also have corresponding second housing elements 3', second hub units 5', pitch-changing assemblies 40, a first flange 60, and a second flange 61. The second plurality of blades 4' surround the second housing element 3', and each blade in the second plurality of blades 4' has a base 4a' that is connected to the second hub unit 5' through the second housing element 3'.

[0077] The first housing element 3 and the second housing element 3' act as cones for receiving water flow at their tip ends, and the housing elements 3, 3' are positioned adjacent to each other at their wide open ends.

[0078] Figure 10 This embodiment shown in also further shows that the first hub unit 5 is connected to the first shaft 10 and the second hub unit 5' is connected to the second shaft 10', where the first shaft 10 is preferably a hollow tube, and the second shaft 10' is located inside the first shaft 10 and passes through the first shaft 10. The first shaft 10 and the second shaft 10' are coupled to the first electric energy generator 100a through a differential unit 80, so as to transfer torque from the first shaft 10 and the second shaft 10' to the first electric energy generator 100a.

[0079] Figure 11Another embodiment of the bi-directional turbine device 1 is shown, which is coupled to two second electrical energy generators 100b, the second electrical generator 100b of the first shaft element 10 and the second electrical generator 100b of the second shaft element 10', wherein the bi-directional turbine device 1 is located below the waterline. Each of the second electrical energy generators 100b includes a rod element 201 and a cylinder device 202, or a fixed part 201a and a rotating part 202a. This embodiment also includes a second plurality of blades 4' adjacent to the first plurality of blades 4 below, wherein the second plurality of blades 4' also have corresponding second housing elements 3', second hub units 5', pitch changing assemblies 40, first flanges 60 and second flanges 61. The second plurality of blades 4' also surround the second housing element 3', and each blade of the second plurality of blades 4' has a base 4a', which is connected to the second hub unit 5' through the second housing element 3'.

[0080] Figure 11 The embodiment shown in further shows that the first hub unit 5 is inserted on the rotating part 202a of the first shaft element 10, and the second hub unit 5' is inserted on the rotating part 202a of the second shaft element 10', wherein the first shaft 10 is connected to the top part of the frame 300a, and the second shaft 10' is connected to the bottom part of the frame 300a. The fixed parts 201a of each of the two second electrical generators 100b together form a connection fixed part 2010 for connecting the first shaft element 10 and the second shaft element 10' together.

[0081] As Figure 10 and Figure 11 Both shown, the embodiment with the first plurality of blades 4 and the second plurality of blades 4' shows that when water flows in the longitudinal direction along the shafts 10, 10', if the first plurality of blades 4 have a first pitch angle a1, then the second plurality of blades 4' have a second pitch angle a2. When water flows in the opposite longitudinal direction, the first plurality of blades 4 will switch to the second pitch angle a2, and the second plurality of blades 4' will switch to the first pitch angle a1.

[0082] Figure 12 Another embodiment of the bi-directional turbine device 1 coupled to the first electrical energy generator 100a located above the waterline is shown. This embodiment also includes a first and a second plurality of blades 4, 4', wherein the first plurality of blades 4 have a fixed first pitch angle a1, and the second plurality of blades 4' also have a fixed second pitch angle a1. Here, the first shaft 10 is connected to the first electrical energy generator 100a through the second end section 10b, and the first end section 10a includes a first gear 90 at the outermost end of the first end section 10a and a second gear 91 at a predetermined distance from the outermost end of the first end section 10a.

[0083] The first hub unit 5 and the second hub unit 5' are inserted on the first end section 10a, wherein the first hub unit 5 includes a gear 5a for engaging with the second gear 91 of the first end section 10a, defined as the second gear set 910, and the second hub unit 5' includes a gear 5a' for engaging with the first gear 90 of the first end section 10a, defined as the first gear set 900. When the two-way turbine device 1 is used, the first gear set 900 or the second gear set 910 is used. The hub units 5, 5' are shaped to allow limited movement of the first shaft element 10 in the axial direction, wherein the downward movement of the hub units 5, 5' engages the second gear set 910, and the upward movement of the hub units 5, 5' engages the first gear set 900. These gear sets 900, 910 can be any type of gear set.

[0084] As further shown in Figure 12 a first housing element 3 is inserted on the first shaft element 10 for enclosing the first hub unit 5 and partially enclosing the first end section 10a. Mirroring the first housing element 3, a second housing element 3' is inserted on the first shaft element 10 for enclosing the second hub unit 5' and partially enclosing the first end section 10a.

[0085] A first plurality of blades 4 surround the first housing element 3, and each blade in the first plurality of blades 4 has a base 4a which is connected to the first hub unit 5 through the first housing element 3'. A second plurality of blades 4' surround the second housing element 3', and each blade in the second plurality of blades 4' has a base 4a' which is connected to the second hub unit 5' through the second housing element 3'.

[0086] As in Figure 10 and Figure 11 the embodiments shown, the first housing element 3 and the second housing element 3' act as cones for receiving water flow at their tip ends, where the housing elements 3, 3' are adjacent to each other at their wide ends.

[0087] The mechanical structure of this embodiment of the two-way turbine device 1 functions in a specific manner. When water flows downward on the first housing element 3, since the base 4a of the first plurality of blades 4 connects the first housing element 3 to the first hub unit 5, the first housing element 3 is pushed downward on the first hub unit 5. As the first hub unit 5 is pushed downward, the second gear set 610 engages, and torque is provided from the rotating first plurality of blades 4 to the first shaft element 10 due to the downward water flow.

[0088] And when water flows upward on the second housing 3', since the bases 4a' of the second plurality of vanes 4' connect the second housing 3' to the second hub unit 5', the second housing 3' is pushed upward on the second hub unit 5'. As the second hub unit 5 is pushed upward, the first gear set 900 engages, where torque is provided from the rotating second plurality of vanes 4' to the first shaft element 10 due to the upward flow of water.

[0089] Figure 13 Another embodiment of a two-way turbine device 1 is shown, which is coupled to a third electric power generator 100c located below the water line and includes a first plurality of vanes 4 having a fixed first pitch angle a1 and a second plurality of vanes 4' also having a fixed second pitch angle a1. In this embodiment, the first end section 10a is replaced by the third electric power generator 100c. The third electric power generator 100c includes a second cylinder device 203, which includes a first gear 90 and a second gear 91 of the previous first end section 10a for gear coupling with the gears of the hub units 5, 5' to engage the first gear set 900 and the second gear set 910. The second cylinder device 203 rotates about a second rod 204 that together forms the third electric power generator 100c. The second rod 204 is connected to the first shaft element 10 at its upper part.

[0090] Alternatively (not shown), a second shaft element 10' is connected at the lower end of the second rod 204, where the first shaft element 10 and the second shaft element 10' are connected to the top and bottom parts of the frame 300a of the platform 300.

[0091] These hub units 5, 5' are mechanically connected to each other, where their vertical movement along the axis of the first shaft 10 is restricted. However, this connection between these hub units 5, 5' allows each of these hub units 5, 5' to rotate around each other.

[0092] Figure 12 and Figure 13The hub units 5, 5' shown in the figure are mechanically connected to each other (not shown), wherein their vertical movement along the axis of the first shaft 10 is restricted. However, the mechanical connection between these hub units 5, 5' allows each of these hub units 5, 5' to rotate around each other, and the mechanical connection may include an arrangement that may include at least one bearing. Optionally, the mechanical connection may further include a second differential unit (not shown) that mechanically connects these hub units 5, 5' together. The second differential unit may utilize the opposite rotational forces of the multiple blades 4, 4' connected to the hub units 5, 5', and the gear sets 900, 910 of the hub units 5, 5' are not engaged, wherein the second differential unit may provide the opposite rotational forces to the hub units 5, 5', and the gear sets 900, 910 of the hub units 5, 5' are engaged to serve as additional torque to the first shaft 10.

[0093] Alternatively, as Figure 14 and Figure 15 shown, an embodiment of the present invention may include a two-way turbine device 1 that is connected to a fourth electric energy generator 100d above the waterline on a platform 300. The two-way turbine device 1 includes at least a first plurality of blades 4, and the first plurality of blades 4 have a fixed first pitch angle a1 or a fixed second pitch angle a2. In this embodiment, the fourth electric energy generator 100d may receive torque in the clockwise direction or the counterclockwise direction and generate energy provided by the first shaft element 10 therein, wherein the fourth electric energy generator 100d is coupled to the first shaft element 10 at the second end section 10b of the first shaft element 10. At least the first plurality of blades 4 are arranged around and connected to the first end section 10a of the first shaft element 10 at a fixed first pitch angle a1 or a second pitch angle a2. Herein, if at least one of these embodiments of the two-way turbine device 1 is installed on a platform 300 having a heaving plate 301, the two-way turbine device 1 will also greatly benefit from the stability in water provided by the heaving plate 301. The heaving plate 301 will help provide the upward and downward flow of water from the waves to the first plurality of blades 4, because without it, the platform 300 will move upward and downward with the waves, thereby reducing the water flow affecting the two-way turbine device 1.

[0094] Figure 16Shows another embodiment of the two-way turbine device 1, which is connected to a fourth electric energy generator 100d above the waterline on the platform 300, where the fourth electric energy generator 100d further includes a third differential unit 81. At one end of the third differential unit 81, the third differential unit 81 provides torque to the fourth electric energy generator 100d in one direction (clockwise or counterclockwise). At the opposite end of the third differential unit 81, the third differential unit 81 can receive torque in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction, which is provided from the first shaft element 10, where the second end section 10b of the first shaft element is connected to the third differential unit 81.

[0095] And as Figure 16 Further shown, the first housing element 3 surrounds the end section 10a of the first shaft 10, where the first housing element 3 has narrow tip ends at each end, and the first housing element 3 is wide in the middle section. The circumference of the middle section of the first housing element 3 is surrounded by the first plurality of blades 4, where the first plurality of blades 4 have a fixed first pitch angle a1 or a fixed second pitch angle a2. The first housing element 3 may include an end portion 3a fixed to a support structure (not shown) on the submerged platform 300. The end portion 3a allows the first housing element 3 to rotate about the end portion 3a, but restricts any vertical, longitudinal, and lateral movement.

[0096] Alternatively, the first plurality of blades 4 may be directly connected to the first end section 10a of the first shaft 10 and surround the first end section 10a of the first shaft 10. The first end section 10a may also include an end portion 3a fixed to a support structure (not shown) on the submerged platform 300. The end portion 3a allows the first end section 10a to rotate about the end portion 3a, but restricts any vertical, longitudinal, and lateral movement.

[0097] As Figures 17 to 19 shown, is a detailed view of an embodiment of the third differential unit 81, where the third differential unit 81 includes a first gear ring 811, where the first gear ring 811 is connected to the shaft of the fourth electric energy generator 100d ( Figures 17 to 19 shows an embodiment of the fourth electric generator 100d). The third differential unit 81 further includes a second gear ring 812. Both the first and second gear rings 811, 812 include gears on their inner edges 811a, 812a and gears on their outer edges 811b, 812b, where the tooth sides of the first and second gear rings 811, 812 face each other.

[0098] Between the first and second toothed rings 811, 812 are the first and second pinions 813, 814, wherein the first and second pinions 813, 814 each cooperate with the outer edges 811b, 812b of the first and second toothed rings 811, 812. Between the first toothed ring 811 and the second toothed ring 812 is a drive pinion 815, which is connected to the second end section 10b of the first shaft element 10. The drive pinion 815 is preferably disc-shaped, with gears on each side for actuation together with the inner edge gears 811a, 812a of the first toothed ring 811 or the second toothed ring 812.

[0099] As Figure 18 shown, when water flows upward towards the first housing element 3 and the plurality of vanes 4, the drive pinion 815 moves upward and engages with the first toothed ring 811 and provides rotation in the first direction A to the fourth electric energy generator 100d. This rotation is provided from the plurality of vanes 4 having a fixed first pitch angle a1 or a second pitch angle a2.

[0100] However, as Figure 17 shown, when the water flows downward, the drive pinion 815 engages with the second toothed ring 812, and the drive pinion 815 provides rotation to the second toothed ring 812 in the opposite direction (second direction B), which rotation is derived from the plurality of vanes 4 having fixed pitch angles a1, a2. This will in turn cause the first pinion 813 and the second pinion 814 to rotate, and these two pinions will in turn cause the first toothed ring 811 to rotate in the first direction A.

[0101] In an embodiment of the submerged platform 300, there are heaving plates 301 (see Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 15 ), and these heaving plates are large and substantially flat metal plates or similar structures. The heaving plates 301 are preferably horizontally mounted at the bottom of the submerged platform for causing a wave damping effect and providing a hydrodynamically increased mass for reducing the platform movement from the incoming waves affecting the platform 300. These heaving plates 301 are provided to further reduce the movement of the platform 300, so as to ensure that the fluctuations are mostly relative to the first plurality of vanes 4 of the two-way turbine device 1 rather than the moving platform 300 itself. Preferably, the wave flow converges towards the first plurality of vanes 4 through the funnel-shaped unit 2.

[0102] Another embodiment of the submerged platform 300 having a plurality of two-way turbine devices 1, wherein the submerged platform 300 may include a ballast system (not shown) within the submerged platform 300, preferably an auto-adjusting ballast system within each structural element of the platform 300, such as the columns and / or pontoons of the submerged platform 300.

[0103] The self-regulating ballast system may include at least one ballast tank (not shown) and at least one buoyancy tank (not shown), wherein the buoyancy tank includes at least two sub-compartments placed one above the other, and each sub-compartment has at least one inlet near the top of the sub-compartment for allowing water to enter the buoyancy tank in cases where there are different water depths relative to the submerged platform 300 according to the wave height.

[0104] The sub-compartments of the buoyancy tank receive water through at least one inlet, and the water rises in the sub-compartment to the receiving inlet, wherein the water level in the filled sub-compartment of the buoyancy tank is higher than the surrounding still water level.

[0105] Each sub-compartment of the ballast tank has at least one outlet near the bottom of the sub-compartment for allowing water to be discharged at a predetermined rate.

[0106] The water in the buoyancy tank will immerse the platform 300 to a limited extent, at least to the extent that the plurality of bi-directional turbine devices 1 are submerged, i.e., they will not be damaged by waves that impact the bi-directional turbine devices 1 due to an increase in wave height, such as under storm conditions.

[0107] When the storm subsides and the wave height decreases, the water source of the sub-compartment inlets is removed. Due to the height difference between the water level in the buoyancy tank and the sea level, the drainage outlets at the bottom of each sub-compartment of the buoyancy tank will discharge the water in the tank.

[0108] Another embodiment of the bi-directional turbine device 1, wherein the electrical energy generator 100 is replaced by a hydraulic pump (not shown) for providing pressurized water for different applications, such as desalination by reverse osmosis.

[0109] During repair or maintenance or a similar process, a device having a plurality of bi-directional turbine devices 1 is installed in the platform 300, wherein the plurality of devices 1 are in operation, i.e., generating electricity, and at least one turbine device 1 among the plurality of bi-directional turbine devices 1 can be unloaded from the device, for example for repair or replacement, without disturbing the operation of the remaining bi-directional turbine devices 1.

Claims

1. A two-way turbine device (1) for generating electrical energy from wave motion, the turbine device (1) being adapted to be arranged below the waterline, characterized in that, The two-way turbine device (1) comprises: A first shaft element (10), the first shaft element (10) having a second end section (10b) which is connected to a platform (300) for suspending the two-way turbine device (1), A first hub unit (5) axially inserted onto a first end section (10a) of the first shaft element (10), A first flange (60) and a second flange (61) fixed to the first end section (10a) at a predetermined distance from each other for restricting axial movement of the first hub unit (5) along the first shaft element (10), A first housing element (3) enclosing the first hub unit (5) and the flanges (60, 61) for axially moving the first hub unit (5) due to a downward or upward water flow impacting the first housing element (3), A first plurality of blades (4) surrounding the first housing element (3) and inserted into the first hub unit (5) for providing torque to a first end section (10a) of the first shaft (10), Wherein, a base (4a) of each blade of the first plurality of blades (4) is inserted through the first housing element (3) and into the first hub unit (5), A pitch angle changing assembly (40) connecting at least one of the flanges (60, 61) and the first plurality of blades (4), Wherein, the pitch angle changing assembly (40) provides a predetermined pitch angle (a1, a2) of the first plurality of blades (4) by axial movement of the first hub unit (5).

2. The bi-directional turbine device (1) according to claim 1, wherein, The second end section (10b) of the first shaft element (10) is connected to a first electric energy generator (100a) on the platform (300).

3. The two-way turbine device (1) according to claim 1, wherein, The first end section (10a) of the first shaft element (10) includes a rod element (201) fixed to the first shaft element (10), wherein the rod element (201) is surrounded by a cylinder device (202) rotating around the rod element (201), Wherein, the second end section (10b) of the first shaft element (10) is connected to a top part of a frame (300a) of the platform (300).

4. The bi-directional turbine device (1) according to claim 3, wherein, The rod element (201) is a fixed part (201a), while the cylinder device (202) is a rotating part (202a), Wherein, the fixed part (201a) and the rotating part (202a) together form a second electric energy generator (100b).

5. The bi-directional turbine device (1) according to claims 1 to 4, wherein, The two-way turbine device (1) further comprises: A second shaft element (10'), the second shaft element (10') having a second end section (10b') connected to the platform (300) for holding the two-way turbine device (1), A second hub unit (5'), the second hub unit (5') being axially inserted onto a first end section (10a') of the second shaft element (10'). A first flange (60) and a second flange (61), the first flange (60) and the second flange (61) being fixed to the first end section (10a') at a predetermined distance from each other to limit axial movement of the second hub unit (5') along the second shaft element (10'). A second housing element (3'), the second housing element (3') enclosing the second hub unit (5') and the flanges (60, 61) for axially moving the second hub unit (5') due to a downward or upward water flow impacting the first and second housing elements (3, 3'). Wherein the second housing element (3') is adjacent to the first housing element (3) at the widest openings of the second and first housing elements, and the second housing element accordingly moves axially in the same axial direction as the first housing element (3). A second plurality of blades (4'), the second plurality of blades (4') surrounding the second housing element (3') and inserted into the second hub unit (5') for providing torque to a first end section (10a') of the second shaft (10'). Wherein a base (4a') of each blade of the second plurality of blades (4') is inserted through the second housing element (3') and into the second hub unit (5). Wherein the second plurality of blades (4') are adjacent and located below the first plurality of blades (4). A pitch angle changing assembly (40), the pitch angle changing assembly (40) connecting at least one of the flanges (60, 61) and the second plurality of blades (4'). Wherein the pitch angle changing assembly (40) provides a predetermined pitch angle (a1, a2) of the second plurality of blades (4') by axial movement of the second hub unit (5). Wherein the pitch angle of the second plurality of blades (4') is adapted to have a first pitch angle (a1), while the pitch angle of the first plurality of blades (4) is adapted to have a second pitch angle (a2). Wherein the pitch angle of the second plurality of blades (4') is adapted to have a second pitch angle (a2), while the pitch angle of the first plurality of blades (4) is adapted to have a first pitch angle (a1).

6. The bi-directional turbine device (1) according to claim 5, wherein, The second shaft (10') is located within the first shaft element (10), the second shaft (10') being connected to the first electric energy generator (100a) on the platform (300) through a differential unit (80), wherein the differential unit (80) further transfers torque from the second shaft (10') to the first electric energy generator (100a).

7. The bi-directional turbine device (1) according to claim 5, wherein, A second end section (10b) of the second shaft element (10') is connected to a bottom portion of a frame (300a) of the platform (300). Wherein, the fixed part (201a) of the first shaft element (10) and the fixed part (201a) of the second shaft element (10') are a single connecting fixed part (2010), Wherein, the single connecting fixed part (2010) is surrounded by two rotating parts (202a) that rotate around the single connecting fixed part (2010), Wherein, each of the two rotating parts (202a) that rotate around the single connecting fixed part (2010) forms a second electric energy generator (100b).

8. The bi-directional turbine device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The pitch angle changing assembly (40) is a first pitch angle changing assembly (41), wherein each blade of the first plurality of blades (4) includes a protrusion (4b) at the base (4a) of each blade, wherein the protrusion (4b) is connected to a lever item (41a), and the lever item (41a) is connected to a protrusion (60a, 61a) among the plurality of protrusions of the flanges (60, 61), and the protrusions (60a, 61a) are circumferentially positioned on the flanges (60, 61) and face the hub unit (5, 5').

9. The two-way turbine device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, wherein, The pitch angle changing assembly (40) is a second pitch angle changing assembly (42), wherein the base (4a) of each blade of the first plurality of blades includes a gear (4c), and the gear (4c) interacts with an elongated protrusion of a linear gear (70), and the elongated protrusion extends from the flanges (60, 61).

10. A bi-directional turbine device (1) for generating electrical energy from wave motion, the turbine device (1) being adapted to be arranged below the water line, characterized in that, The two-way turbine device (1) includes: A first shaft element (10), the first shaft element (10) having a second end section (10b), and the second end section (10b) is connected to a platform (300) for suspending the two-way turbine device (1), A first hub unit (5), the first hub unit (5) being axially inserted on a first end section (10a) of the first shaft element (10), Wherein, the first hub unit (5) includes a gear (5a) for engaging the first end section (10a), A second hub unit (5'), the second hub unit (5') being axially inserted on the first end section (10a) of the first shaft element (10), Wherein, the second hub unit (5') includes a gear (5a') for engaging the first end section (10a), The first end section (10a) further includes a first gear (90) located at the outermost end of the first end section (10a) and a second gear (91) at a predetermined distance from the outermost end of the first end section (10a), Wherein, the first gear (90) engages with the gear (5a') of the second hub unit (5'), and torque is provided from the second hub unit (5') on the first end section (10a) and a first gear set (900) is formed. Wherein, the second gear (91) engages with the gear (5a) of the first hub unit (5), and provides torque from the first hub unit (5) on the first end section (10a) and forms a second gear set (910). A first housing element (3), the first housing element (3) enclosing the first hub unit (5) for axially moving both the first hub unit (5) and the second hub unit (5'), and activating the second gear set (910) when a downward water flow impacts the first housing element (3). A second housing element (3'), the second housing element (3') enclosing the second hub unit (5) for axially moving both the first hub unit (5) and the second hub unit (5'), and activating the first gear set (900) when an upward water flow impacts the second housing element (3). Wherein, the second housing element (3') is adjacent to the first housing element (3) at the widest openings of the second housing element and the first housing element, and the second housing element accordingly moves axially together with the first housing element (3). A first plurality of blades (4), the first plurality of blades (4) surrounding the first housing element (3) and inserted into the first hub unit (5) for providing torque to the first end section (10a) through the second gear set (910). Wherein, the base (4a) of each blade of the first plurality of blades (4) is inserted through the first housing element (3) and into the first hub unit (5). Wherein, each blade of the first plurality of blades (4) has a fixed first pitch angle (a1). A second plurality of blades (4'), the second plurality of blades (4') surrounding the second housing element (3') and inserted into the second hub unit (5') for providing torque to the first end section (10a) through the first gear set (900). Wherein, the base (4a') of each blade of the second plurality of blades (4') is inserted through the second housing element (3') and into the second hub unit (5'). Wherein, each blade of the second plurality of blades (4') has a fixed second pitch angle (a2).

11. The bi-directional turbine device (1) according to claim 11, wherein, The first end section (10a) includes a third electric energy generator (100c), and the third electric energy generator (100c) includes a second cylinder device (203). Wherein, the second cylinder device (203) includes the first gear (90) and the second gear (91) for engaging the gears (5a, 5a') of the first hub unit and the second hub unit (5, 5'). And a second rod (204) connected to at least one shaft element (10, 10'). Wherein, the second cylinder device (203) rotates around the second rod (204). Wherein, the at least one shaft element (10, 10') is connected to the frame (300a) of the platform (300).

12. A two-way turbine device (1) for generating electrical energy from wave motion, the turbine device (1) being adapted to be arranged below the waterline, characterized in that, The two-way turbine device (1) includes: A first shaft element (10), the first shaft element (10) having a second end section (10b) that is connected to a platform (300) for suspending the two-way turbine device (1), A first plurality of blades (4), the first plurality of blades (4) surrounding and fixed to a first end section (10a) of the first shaft element (10) to provide torque to the first end section (10); wherein the provided torque is in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, wherein each blade of the first plurality of blades (4) has a fixed and identical pitch angle (a1, a2).

13. The bi-directional turbine device (1) according to claim 12, wherein, The second end section (10b) of the first shaft element (10) is connected to a fourth electric energy generator (100d) on the platform (300), wherein the fourth electric energy generator (100d) includes and receives torque in a fixed direction from a third differential unit (81), wherein the third differential unit (81) receives torque from the second end section (10b) of the first shaft element (10) in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, wherein the third differential unit (81) provides the received torque from the first shaft element (10) to the fourth electric energy generator (100d).

14. The bi-directional turbine device (1) according to claims 12 and 13, wherein, A first housing element (3) is located between the first plurality of blades (4) and the first end section (10a).

15. The two-way turbine device (1) according to each of claims 12 to 14, wherein, The first end section (10a) or the first housing element (3) includes an end portion (3a), wherein the end portion (3a) is fixed to a support structure (not shown) of the platform (300), wherein the first end section (10a) or the first housing element (3) is rotatable about the end portion (3a), wherein the first end section (10a) or the first housing element (3) is restricted in movement in a vertical direction, a longitudinal direction, and a lateral direction by the end portion (3a).

16. The two-way turbine device (1) according to each of claims 13 to 15, wherein, The third differential unit (81) includes a first ring gear (811), a second ring gear (812), a first pinion (813), a second pinion (814), and a drive pinion (815), wherein the first ring gear (811) is connected to the shaft of the fourth electric energy generator (100), and the first ring gear (811) includes an inner edge gear (811a) and an outer edge gear (811b), wherein the second ring gear (812) includes an inner edge gear (812a) and an outer edge gear (812b), wherein the first pinion (813) and the second pinion (814) are positioned between the first ring gear (811) and the second ring gear (812), wherein the first pinion (813) and the second pinion (814) cooperate with the first ring gear and the second ring gear (811, 812), wherein the drive pinion (815) is positioned between the first ring gear (811) and the second ring gear (812) and is connected to the second end section (10b) of the first shaft element (10), Wherein, the drive pinion (815) is adapted to cooperate with the inner edges (811a, 812a) of the first or second toothed ring (811, 812).

17. The bi-directional turbine device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The two-way turbine device (1) further includes a funnel-shaped unit (2) that surrounds at least one housing element (3, 3') and a plurality of blades (4, 4'), and the funnel-shaped unit (2) is configured to receive water flow and converge the water flow from the open ends (2a, 2b) of the funnel-shaped unit (2) towards the plurality of blades (4, 4').

18. The bi-directional turbine device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The device (1) further includes at least one support motor (not shown) or flywheel (not shown) that provides torque to the hub units (5, 5') for at least one rotation when the predetermined pitch angles (a1, a2) of the first or second plurality of blades (4, 4') are changed.

19. An apparatus for generating electrical energy, comprising: a floating platform (300) and a plurality of two-way turbine devices (1), wherein each of the plurality of two-way turbine devices (1) is suspended from the platform (300) by a first shaft element (10), and the plurality of two-way turbine devices (1) are positioned at a predetermined depth below the waterline.

20. The device according to claim 19, wherein, The platform (300) further includes a plurality of first electrical energy generators (100a) on the platform (300), wherein each of the first electrical energy generators (100a) suspends the two-way turbine device (1) below the waterline at a predetermined depth using the first shaft element (10), and the two-way turbine device (1) drives the first electrical energy generator (100a) using the first shaft element (10).

21. The device according to claim 19, wherein, The platform (300) further includes a frame (300a) for suspending or holding at least one two-way turbine device (1), wherein the at least one two-way turbine device (1) is connected to at least the top or bottom (300a) through at least one shaft element (10, 10') of the two-way turbine device (1).

22. The apparatus according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein The platform (300) is moored to the bottom of the water body using a tensioned mooring cable for holding the platform at a predetermined depth.

23. The device according to any one of claims 19 to 22, wherein The platform (300) further includes one or more heave plates (301) near the bottom of the platform (300) for restricting the heave and roll motions of the platform (300) caused by waves.

24. The apparatus according to any one of claims 19 to 23, wherein The platform (300) further includes at least one ballast tank (not shown) and buoyancy tank (not shown) for providing self-regulating ballast, wherein the buoyancy tank includes at least two sub-compartments (not shown) vertically positioned on top of each other, wherein each of the sub-compartments has at least one inlet (not shown) at the top of the sub-compartment and an outlet (not shown) at the bottom of the sub-compartment, wherein the outlet of the top sub-compartment communicates with the inlet of the bottom sub-compartment.

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