A vehicle power system and control method based on a variable volume solid hydrogen tank

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of vehicle power technology, and in particular to a vehicle power system and control method based on a variable volume solid-state hydrogen pool, wherein the vehicle power system includes a power drive module, a power battery module, a solid-state hydrogen pool module and a vehicle control module, wherein the power battery module includes a hydrogen fuel cell and a pure electric power cell, and the solid-state hydrogen pool module includes a feeding unit, a plurality of hydrogen release units, a tail unit and a hydrogen supply unit, wherein the hydrogen release unit includes a hydrogen release pool, a separator and a driver, wherein the separator is driven by the driver to move and dynamically increase or decrease the capacity of the reaction chamber, wherein each hydrogen release pool is connected to the hydrogen transmission side of the hydrogen fuel cell, and the tail discharge end of the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the water tank, and the vehicle control module controls the dynamic operation of each module in a closed-loop manner according to the power demand of the target vehicle. The present invention can realize controllable hydrogen fusion to make it possible to release hydrogen by adding water, thereby greatly improving the hydrogen storage density and increasing the endurance of the vehicle power system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of vehicle power technology, and in particular to a vehicle power system and control method based on a variable-volume solid-state hydrogen pool. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen, a renewable secondary energy source, has attracted widespread attention due to its pollution-free and environmentally friendly process products during energy conversion and utilization. In particular, in the automotive sector, it is being used in hydrogen fuel cell-based power systems as a new energy carrier that can replace traditional fossil fuels. Within a hydrogen fuel cell engine system, hydrogen and oxygen react under the action of an electrochemical catalyst, releasing electricity and heat. The electricity is used to drive the vehicle, while the heat is dissipated through an external heat sink. During this process, hydrogen's low density often results in a low storage density. To achieve the long-range driving goals of on-board hydrogen fuel cell power cells, the pressure of the vehicle's hydrogen storage system continues to increase, and the energy required for pressurization is constantly increasing. These issues result in significant energy consumption for energy storage and conversion. Even if hydrogen can be compressed to 35 MPa or 70 MPa, the storage density still cannot meet the long-range requirements of commercial heavy-duty trucks. Therefore, a power system with high density, high reliability, high safety, and high efficiency in hydrogen release is urgently needed to meet the long-range requirements of commercial heavy-duty trucks. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a vehicle power system and control method based on a variable volume solid-state hydrogen pool, so as to solve the problem that the power system using on-board hydrogen fuel cell power cells in the prior art cannot meet the long-range requirements of commercial heavy-duty trucks.

[0004] The present invention discloses a vehicle power system based on a variable volume solid hydrogen pool, comprising:

[0005] A power drive module is used to provide driving force for the vehicle;

[0006] A power battery module, comprising a hydrogen fuel cell power battery and a pure electric cell power battery, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell power battery and the pure electric cell power battery are respectively connected to the power drive module;

[0007] A solid-state hydrogen pool module comprises a feeding unit, multiple hydrogen release units, a tail unit and a hydrogen supply unit, wherein the feeding unit comprises a storage bin and a water tank, wherein the storage bin is pre-stored with solid-state hydrogen storage material, the hydrogen release unit comprises a hydrogen release pool, and a separator and a driving member arranged in the hydrogen release pool, wherein the separator separates the internal space of the hydrogen release pool into an independent and closed reaction chamber, the driving member is connected to the separator, and the separator is driven by the driving member to move in the hydrogen release pool and dynamically increase or decrease the volume of the internal space of the reaction chamber, the storage bin and the water tank are respectively connected to multiple hydrogen release pools, and the reaction chamber in each hydrogen release pool is connected to the hydrogen transmission side of the hydrogen fuel cell through the hydrogen supply unit, and the tail discharge end of the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the water tank;

[0008] The vehicle control module is respectively connected to the power drive module, the power battery module, and the solid-state hydrogen pool module for closed-loop control of the dynamic operation of each module according to the power requirements of the target vehicle.

[0009] Optionally, a feed inlet, a water inlet, a hydrogen discharge port and a tail material discharge port are respectively provided on the shell of the hydrogen release cell, and independent electrically controlled valves are respectively provided in the feed inlet, the water inlet, the hydrogen discharge port and the tail material discharge port;

[0010] The storage bin is connected to the feed port through a raw material conveying pipeline, the water tank is connected to the water inlet through a water supply pipeline, the tail material unit is connected to the tail material discharge port through a tail discharge conveying pipeline, and the hydrogen supply unit is respectively connected to the hydrogen discharge port on each of the hydrogen release pools through a hydrogen discharge pipeline. The raw material conveying pipeline, the water supply pipeline, the tail discharge conveying pipeline and the hydrogen discharge pipeline are all provided with a conveying pump.

[0011] Optionally, the feeding unit, the plurality of hydrogen release units, and the tailing unit are sequentially connected in series, and different reaction temperatures and catalysts are configured in the reaction chambers corresponding to the hydrogen release units, so as to form a multi-stage hydrogen release pool with increasing reaction rate along the direction from the feeding unit to the tailing unit, and the unreacted substances and tailings in the hydrogen release pool of the previous stage can be pushed into the hydrogen release pool of the next stage by the continuous movement of the separator;

[0012] The storage bin is connected to the feed port on the first-stage hydrogen release pool, the water tank is connected to the water inlet on the first-stage hydrogen release pool, the tail material unit is connected to the tail material outlet on the last-stage hydrogen release pool, and the tail material outlet on the upper-stage hydrogen release pool is connected to the feed port on the lower-stage hydrogen release pool.

[0013] Optionally, the feeding unit and the tailing unit are respectively connected to each of the hydrogen releasing units, so that a plurality of the hydrogen releasing units are arranged in parallel, and the reaction chamber corresponding to each of the hydrogen releasing units is configured with the same reaction temperature and catalyst;

[0014] The storage bin is connected to the feed port on each hydrogen release pool, the water tank is connected to the water inlet on each hydrogen release pool, and the tail material unit is connected to the tail material outlet on each hydrogen release pool.

[0015] Optionally, the vehicle power system further includes a monitoring unit and a thermal management unit, the monitoring unit including a first pressure sensor and a temperature sensor disposed in the reaction chamber, the first pressure sensor being controlled in linkage with the driving component through the vehicle control module;

[0016] The thermal management unit includes an external heat dissipation component and an internal heat dissipation component, the external heat dissipation component includes a heat dissipation water jacket, a coolant compensation tank and a first medium pump, the heat dissipation water jacket is arranged on the outer shell of the hydrogen release pool, the liquid outlet of the heat dissipation water jacket is connected to the liquid inlet of the coolant compensation tank, and the liquid inlet of the heat dissipation water jacket is connected to the liquid outlet of the coolant compensation tank, the first medium pump is arranged on the pipeline connecting the liquid inlet of the heat dissipation water jacket and the liquid outlet of the coolant compensation tank, the internal heat dissipation component includes a cold liquid pipeline and a second medium pump arranged in the hydrogen release pool, the liquid inlet of the cold liquid pipeline is connected to the liquid outlet of the coolant compensation tank, and the liquid outlet of the cold liquid pipeline is connected to the liquid inlet of the coolant compensation tank, the second medium pump is arranged on the pipeline connecting the liquid inlet of the cold liquid pipeline and the liquid outlet of the coolant compensation tank, and the temperature sensor is linked to the first medium pump and the second medium pump through the vehicle control module respectively;

[0017] The thermal management unit also includes a radiator and a heat exchanger. The liquid inlet of the coolant compensation tank is connected to the liquid outlet of the heat dissipation water jacket and the cold liquid pipeline respectively through the radiator. A first medium heat exchange pipeline is arranged between the heat exchanger and the pipeline on the liquid inlet side of the coolant compensation tank, and a first solenoid valve is arranged on the first medium heat exchange pipeline. A second medium heat exchange pipeline is arranged between the heat exchanger and the electrochemical reaction chamber of the hydrogen fuel power cell, and a second solenoid valve is arranged on the second medium heat exchange pipeline.

[0018] Optionally, the shell of the hydrogen release pool is a columnar structure, the separator is cooperatively arranged in the hydrogen release pool, and divides the internal space of the hydrogen release pool into the relatively closed reaction chamber and the driving chamber from top to bottom, the upper surface of the separator is a conical structure with a concave middle portion, and a sealing ring is provided on the outer wall of the separator to fit the inner wall of the hydrogen release pool, and the driving member is a linear driving mechanism provided in the driving chamber, which is used to drive the separator to move up and down in the vertical direction;

[0019] The feed port, the water inlet, the hydrogen discharge port and the tail material discharge port are all arranged on the top of the hydrogen release pool shell and are respectively connected to the reaction chamber. The cooling liquid pipeline is embedded on the inner wall of the reaction chamber and is arranged in a spiral shape along the vertical direction.

[0020] Optionally, the cross section of the hydrogen release pool shell is an elliptical structure, the separator is cooperatively arranged in the hydrogen release pool, the cross section of the separator is a triangular structure, and the internal space of the hydrogen release pool is divided into a relatively closed feed chamber, the reaction chamber and the tail exhaust chamber along the circumferential direction of the cross section;

[0021] The three outer side walls of the separator are all convex arc-shaped structures, and a plurality of reaction grooves are provided on the arc-shaped surface of the separator. The three top corners of the separator are respectively provided with sealing strips that fit the inner wall of the hydrogen release pool. The driving member is a magnetic gear disposed in the middle of the hydrogen release pool and having a built-in magnetic source. The central axis of the magnetic gear is perpendicular to the cross-section of the separator. A gear ring is provided on the separator, and the magnetic gear is meshed with the gear ring to drive the arc-shaped surface of the separator to rotate into different chambers in sequence.

[0022] The feed chamber and the tail exhaust chamber are located on the same side of the hydrogen release pool, the feed chamber is located at the upper part of the hydrogen release pool, and the feed port is communicated with the feed chamber, the tail exhaust chamber is located at the lower part of the hydrogen release pool, and the tail material discharge port is communicated with the tail exhaust chamber, the water inlet and the hydrogen discharge port are respectively communicated with the reaction chamber, and the cooling liquid pipeline is extended along the central axis of the magnetic gear.

[0023] Optionally, the hydrogen supply unit includes a hydrogen storage and release tank and a hydrogen supply adjustment component, the inner wall of the hydrogen storage and release tank is provided with a solid hydrogen storage layer, and the hydrogen storage and release tank is provided with an electric heater for heating and releasing the hydrogen stored in the solid hydrogen storage layer;

[0024] The hydrogen supply regulating assembly includes a hydrogen transmission pipeline, and a shut-off valve, a main valve and a safety valve arranged on the hydrogen transmission pipeline. The hydrogen storage and release tank is connected to the hydrogen transmission side of the hydrogen fuel cell through the hydrogen transmission pipeline, and a second pressure sensor is provided on the gas outlet side of the hydrogen storage and release tank.

[0025] Optionally, a recycling component is provided between the tail water discharge end of the hydrogen fuel power cell and the water tank, and the recycling component includes a first steam-water separator and a second steam-water separator. The first steam-water separator is connected to the anode reaction side of the hydrogen fuel power cell and is used to draw out unreacted water vapor in the anode of the hydrogen fuel power cell. The second steam-water separator is connected to the cathode product side of the hydrogen fuel power cell and is used to draw out the reaction products in the cathode of the hydrogen fuel power cell. The separated liquid outlets of the first steam-water separator and the second steam-water separator are both connected to the water tank.

[0026] The present invention also discloses a control method for controlling the above-mentioned vehicle power system based on a variable volume solid hydrogen tank, the control method comprising:

[0027] In response to the target vehicle being powered on in standby mode, acquiring the current working state of the target vehicle and the output power of the power drive module in real time;

[0028] Analyzing and determining the power demand of the power drive module based on the acquired working state and output power, and calculating and obtaining the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel cell at the current moment based on the determined power demand;

[0029] According to the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel cell at a current moment, the solid hydrogen storage material in the storage bin and the water in the water tank are controlled to be injected into the reaction chamber of the hydrogen release pool to perform a hydrogen release reaction, and according to the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel cell at a current moment and a previous moment, the demand change rate of the hydrogen fuel cell at a current moment is calculated;

[0030] An ideal hydrogen release amount is calculated by collecting and obtaining the injection amount of the solid-state hydrogen storage material from the storage bin into the reaction chamber, and combining the chemical composition of the solid-state hydrogen storage material to obtain the ideal hydrogen release amount. An actual hydrogen release amount is determined by collecting and obtaining the volume of hydrogen produced in the reaction chamber at the current moment. The hydrogen release efficiency in the reaction chamber at the current moment is calculated based on the determined actual hydrogen release amount and the calculated ideal hydrogen release amount.

[0031] The hydrogen release efficiency in the reaction chamber at the current moment is compared with the demand change rate of the hydrogen fuel cell at the current moment. If the hydrogen release efficiency is greater than the hydrogen consumption efficiency, the internal space of the reaction chamber is dynamically increased by controlling the driving member to drive the partition to move. If the hydrogen release efficiency is less than the hydrogen consumption efficiency, the internal space of the reaction chamber is dynamically reduced by controlling the driving member to drive the partition to move.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the vehicle power system and control method based on a variable volume solid hydrogen pool provided by the embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages:

[0033] By constructing a vehicle power system powered by a hybrid of hydrogen fuel cells and pure electric power cells, and deploying a solid-state hydrogen pool module for the hydrogen fuel cell, a driver drives a separator to move within the hydrogen release pool. By changing the position or angle of the separator, the internal volume of the reaction chamber separated by the hydrogen release pool can be dynamically increased or decreased to form a reaction chamber with a variable volume. The reaction chamber is connected to the hydrogen supply side of the hydrogen fuel cell via a hydrogen supply unit. Based on the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen fuel cell, the internal volume of the reaction chamber can be dynamically increased to reduce the contact pressure between the solid-state hydrogen storage material and water, thereby slowing the hydrogen release reaction rate, or the internal volume of the reaction chamber can be dynamically decreased to increase the contact pressure between the solid-state hydrogen storage material and water, thereby accelerating the hydrogen release reaction rate. In this way, controllable hydrogen fusion is achieved, making hydrogen release by adding water possible, which can significantly increase the hydrogen storage density. In addition, by recycling the tail water of the hydrogen fuel cell to water for hydrogen decomposition, the power generation efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell can be doubled by reusing the hydrogen atoms in the tail water to release hydrogen, thereby greatly increasing the endurance of the vehicle power system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a vehicle power system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a structure in which multiple hydrogen-releasing units are connected in series to release hydrogen according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen release cell provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a structure in which multiple hydrogen-releasing units are connected in parallel to release hydrogen according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5A schematic structural diagram of a thermal management unit and a recycling unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen release cell having an elliptical cross-section provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] The symbols in the accompanying drawings represent the following:

[0042] 1. Power drive module; 2. Hydrogen fuel cell; 21. First steam-water separator; 22. Second steam-water separator; 3. Pure electric power battery; 4. Feed unit; 41. Storage bin; 42. Water tank; 5. Hydrogen release unit; 51. Hydrogen release pool; 511. Reaction chamber; 512. Feed inlet; 513. Water inlet; 514. Hydrogen discharge port; 515. Tail discharge port; 516. Drive chamber; 52. Separator; 521. Sealing ring; 522. Sealing strip; 523. Gear ring; 53. Drive element; 6. Tailing unit; 7. Hydrogen supply unit; 71. Hydrogen storage and release tank; 72. Electric heater; 73. Shut-off valve; 74. Main valve; 75. Safety valve; 8. Vehicle control module; 9. Thermal management unit; 91. Cooling water jacket; 92. Coolant compensation tank; 93. First medium pump; 94. Coolant pipeline; 95. Second medium pump; 96. Radiator; 97. Heat exchanger; 971. First medium heat exchange pipeline; 972. First solenoid valve; 973. Second medium heat exchange pipeline; 974. Second solenoid valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. Now, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

[0044] The present invention discloses a vehicle power system based on a variable volume solid hydrogen pool, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 Shown, including:

[0045] Power drive module 1, used to provide driving force for the vehicle;

[0046] The power battery module includes a hydrogen fuel cell power battery 2 and a pure electric cell power battery 3, which are respectively connected to the power drive module 1;

[0047] The solid-state hydrogen pool module includes a feeding unit 4, multiple hydrogen release units 5, a tail unit 6 and a hydrogen supply unit 7. The feeding unit 4 includes a storage bin 41 and a water tank 42. The storage bin 41 is pre-stored with solid hydrogen storage material. The hydrogen release unit 5 includes a hydrogen release pool 51, and a separator 52 and a driving member 53 arranged in the hydrogen release pool 51. The separator 52 separates the internal space of the hydrogen release pool 51 into an independent and closed reaction chamber 511. The driving member 53 is connected to the separator 52. The separator 52 is driven by the driving member 53 to move in the hydrogen release pool 51 and dynamically increase or decrease the volume of the internal space of the reaction chamber 511. The storage bin 41 and the water tank 42 are respectively connected to the multiple hydrogen release pools 51, and the reaction chamber 511 in each hydrogen release pool 51 is connected to the hydrogen supply unit 7 and the hydrogen transmission side of the hydrogen fuel cell 2. The tail water discharge end of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 is connected to the water tank 42;

[0048] The vehicle control module 8 is respectively connected to the power drive module 1, the power battery module, and the solid-state hydrogen pool module for closed-loop control of the dynamic operation of each module according to the power requirements of the target vehicle.

[0049] By implementing the above-described vehicle power system embodiment, a vehicle power system is constructed that is hybrid-powered by a hydrogen fuel cell 2 and a pure electric power cell 3. A solid-state hydrogen pool module is deployed for the hydrogen fuel cell 2, and solid-state hydrogen storage materials are used to replace traditional high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks, thereby increasing the hydrogen storage density of the entire system. The solid-state hydrogen storage material and water are respectively injected into the reaction chamber 511 of the hydrogen release unit 5 for a hydrolysis-hydrogenation reaction. The hydrogen gas released by the hydrolysis is transported by the hydrogen supply unit 7 to the hydrogen fuel cell 2 for an electrochemical reaction, thereby ensuring that the hydrogen fuel cell 2 stably supplies power to the drive module. On this basis, the driving member 53 is used to drive the separator 52 to move within the hydrogen release pool 51. By changing the position or angle of the separator 52, the internal space of the reaction chamber 511 separated by the hydrogen release pool 51 can be dynamically increased or decreased to form a reaction chamber 511 with a variable volume. The reaction chamber 511 is connected to the hydrogen supply side of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 through the hydrogen supply unit 7. According to the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2, the internal space of the reaction chamber 511 can be dynamically increased to reduce the contact pressure between the solid hydrogen storage material and water, thereby slowing down the hydrogen release reaction rate, or the internal space of the reaction chamber 511 can be dynamically reduced to increase the contact pressure between the solid hydrogen storage material and water, thereby accelerating the hydrogen release reaction rate. In this way, precise control of the hydrogen release rate is achieved, and the release of hydrogen by adding water is made possible through controllable hydrogen fusion, which can further significantly increase the hydrogen storage density of the entire system. This dynamic adjustment mechanism highly matches the hydrogen supply with the real-time power demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2, can reduce the "hydrogen starvation" or "hydrogen accumulation" phenomenon of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 caused by hydrogen supply fluctuations, significantly improve its electrochemical reaction efficiency, and extend the life of the hydrogen fuel cell 2. In addition, the redundant design of multiple hydrogen release units 5 makes the system fault-tolerant, and can still maintain a stable hydrogen supply capacity when a single hydrogen release unit 5 fails. The tailings unit 6 includes a tailings storage box.

[0050] Preferably, the solid-state hydrogen storage material is a high hydrogen storage density hydrogen storage material, including reversible hydrogen storage materials, or irreversible hydrogen storage materials, including metal hydrogen storage materials and non-metal hydrogen storage materials, mainly high hydrogen storage density hydrogen storage materials that can release hydrogen by adding water. For example, metal materials such as magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), aluminum (Al), hydrogen storage alloys, inorganic ionic compound hydrogen storage materials, carbonaceous hydrogen storage materials, metal organic framework compound hydrogen storage materials, etc. Hydrogen storage alloys include binary, ternary and multi-element systems, such as lithium hydride (LiH), sodium hydride (NaH), potassium hydride (KH), magnesium dihydride (MgH2O), etc. ), calcium dihydride ( )、Aluminum hydride( ) etc.; Inorganic ionic compound hydrogen storage materials mainly include coordinated hydrides and amino compounds, such as sodium aluminum tetrahydride ( )、lithium borohydride( ) and ammonia borane are both hydrogen storage materials with relatively high hydrogen storage density.

[0051] Furthermore, the intelligent coupling control of hydrogen fuel cell 2 and pure electric power battery 3 enables millisecond-level switching of the dual energy system through the vehicle control module 8. Hydrogen fuel cell 2 serves as the steady-state energy supply core, maintaining efficient power generation through a stable hydrogen supply; pure electric power battery 3 rapidly responds to transient power fluctuations (such as during start-stop phases). On-demand hydrogen supply based on the variable-volume reaction chamber 511 further reduces the number of starts and stops of hydrogen fuel cell 2, allowing both battery operating ranges to approach their optimal efficiency points, thereby improving the output power of the entire vehicle power system. This allows the entire system to intelligently allocate the ratio of hydrogen and electric energy based on road conditions. In long-range driving scenarios, hydrogen fuel cell 2 is prioritized for continuous power supply, significantly improving the overall range compared to vehicles equipped with traditional hydrogen fuel cell 2. In emergency driving conditions, pure electric power battery 3 intervenes to reduce peak hydrogen fuel consumption, further extending driving range. Preferably, the solid-state hydrogen cell module is an integrated quick-release module that can be quickly replaced, significantly shortening recharging time compared to traditional charging methods.

[0052] As described above, the embodiment of the present invention also circulates the tail water of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 to the water tank 42 to fully utilize the water produced by the electrochemical reaction of the hydrogen fuel cell 2, thereby achieving closed-loop utilization of water resources and reducing the need for external water replenishment. By reusing the hydrogen atoms in the tail water to release hydrogen, the power generation efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 can be doubled, thereby significantly increasing the endurance of the vehicle power system. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention constructs a hydrogen-electric hybrid system with high hydrogen storage density, high response, high safety, and long endurance through dynamic regulation of hydrogen supply and coordinated control of multiple energy sources, providing a systematic solution to the performance bottleneck of electric vehicles.

[0053] Further, combined with Figure 3 As shown, the shell of the hydrogen release pool 51 is respectively provided with a feed port 512, a water inlet 513, a hydrogen discharge port 514 and a tail discharge port 515, and the feed port 512, the water inlet 513, the hydrogen discharge port 514 and the tail discharge port 515 are respectively provided with independent electronically controlled valves;

[0054] The storage bin 41 is connected to the feed port 512 through a raw material conveying pipeline, the water tank 42 is connected to the water inlet 513 through a water supply pipeline, the tail material unit 6 is connected to the tail material discharge port 515 through a tail discharge conveying pipeline, and the hydrogen supply unit 7 is respectively connected to the hydrogen discharge port 514 on each hydrogen release pool 51 through a hydrogen discharge pipeline. The raw material conveying pipeline, water supply pipeline, tail discharge conveying pipeline and hydrogen discharge pipeline are all equipped with conveying pumps.

[0055] By implementing the above-mentioned vehicle power system embodiment, the use of independently electrically controlled valves in the feed port 512, water inlet 513, hydrogen discharge port 514, and tailings discharge port 515 can achieve physical isolation and time-series decoupling of the solid-state hydrogen storage material feeding, water injection triggering reaction, hydrogen output, and tailings discharge processes. For example, when hydrogen release needs to be accelerated, the valves in the feed port 512 and water inlet 513 can be opened simultaneously, and the corresponding delivery pumps can be used to increase pressure to enable the solid-state hydrogen storage material and water to be injected into the reaction chamber 511 of the hydrogen release unit 5 in a preset ratio for high-speed mixing, so as to assist in controlling the rate of the hydrogen release reaction by controlling the amount of water injected; after the reaction is completed, the valve in the water inlet 513 is preferentially closed to prevent over-injection, and then the valve in the tailings discharge port 515 is opened to empty the waste residue, thereby ensuring that the hydrogen release rate is accurately matched to the requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell 2.

[0056] Further, look back Figure 2 The feed unit 4, multiple hydrogen release units 5, and tailing unit 6 are sequentially connected in series, and different reaction temperatures and catalysts are configured in the reaction chamber 511 corresponding to each hydrogen release unit 5, so as to form a multi-stage hydrogen release pool 51 with increasing reaction rate from the feed unit 4 to the tailing unit 6. The unreacted materials and tailings in the hydrogen release pool 51 of the previous stage can be pushed into the hydrogen release pool 51 of the next stage by the continuous movement of the separator 52;

[0057] The storage bin 41 is connected to the feed port 512 on the first-stage hydrogen release pool 51, the water tank 42 is connected to the water inlet 513 on the first-stage hydrogen release pool 51, the tail material unit 6 is connected to the tail material discharge port 515 on the last-stage hydrogen release pool 51, and the tail material discharge port 515 on the upper-stage hydrogen release pool 51 is connected to the feed port 512 on the lower-stage hydrogen release pool 51.

[0058] Through the implementation of the above-mentioned vehicle power system embodiment, different temperature gradients and special catalysts are configured in multiple hydrogen release units 5 connected in series, and based on the fact that the unreacted products and tailings in the upper-level hydrogen release pool 51 can be pushed into the lower-level hydrogen release pool 51 through the continuous movement of the separator 52, a step-by-step accelerated hydrogen release reaction path is formed, which can greatly improve the hydrogen conversion rate of the solid-state hydrogen storage material and dynamically match the hydrogen supply of the solid-state hydrogen pool module with the needs of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2.

[0059] Taking three hydrogen release units 5 connected in series as an example: the temperature in the reaction chamber 511 of the first-stage hydrogen release cell 51 is 80°C, and the catalyst is nickel-based; the temperature in the reaction chamber 511 of the second-stage hydrogen release cell 51 is 120°C, and the catalyst is ruthenium-based; and the temperature in the reaction chamber 511 of the final-stage hydrogen release cell 51 is 150°C, and the catalyst is platinum-based. The first-stage low-temperature zone initiates the basic hydrogen release by hydrolysis of the solid-state hydrogen storage material, the second-stage medium-temperature zone intensifies the hydrolysis reaction, and the final high-temperature zone completely releases the stored hydrogen in the solid-state hydrogen storage material. Under this reaction pathway, the hydrogen conversion rate of the solid-state hydrogen storage material is significantly improved compared to a single-stage reaction, and the hydrogen outlet of the final-stage reaction chamber 511 is of high purity.

[0060] When the target vehicle is in a low-load operating condition (e.g., traveling at a constant speed): the first two low-temperature reaction chambers 511 (80-120°C) are sequentially activated, and nickel-based / ruthenium-based catalysts are used to gently release hydrogen. The hydrogen supply rate is stably matched to the basic load of the hydrogen fuel cell 2, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the system.

[0061] When the target vehicle is in a high-load condition (such as rapid acceleration): the unreacted substances and tailings are pushed into the reaction chamber 511 of the final hydrogen release cell 51 through the separator 52 in the secondary hydrogen release cell 51, and the final high-temperature chamber (150°C) is instantaneously activated. The platinum-based catalyst quickly decomposes the remaining unreacted substances, and the hydrogen supply rate increases significantly to match the cell stack voltage feedback of the hydrogen fuel cell 2. Its power response time is shortened to avoid power hysteresis.

[0062] Further, combined with Figure 4 As shown, the feeding unit 4 and the tailing unit 6 are respectively connected to each hydrogen release unit 5, so that the multiple hydrogen release units 5 are arranged in parallel, and the reaction chamber 511 corresponding to each hydrogen release unit 5 is configured with the same reaction temperature and catalyst;

[0063] The storage bin 41 is connected to the feed port 512 of each hydrogen release pool 51 , the water tank 42 is connected to the water inlet 513 of each hydrogen release pool 51 , and the tailing unit 6 is connected to the tailing outlet 515 of each hydrogen release pool 51 .

[0064] Through the implementation of the above-mentioned vehicle power system embodiment, different from the structural form of multiple hydrogen release units 5 connected in series, the embodiment of the present invention connects multiple hydrogen release units 5 in parallel, and the storage bin 41 and the water tank 42 supply fuel to the reaction chamber 511 of each hydrogen release unit 5 separately. Therefore, under the same hydrogen release environment (reaction temperature and catalyst), based on the linear superposition hydrogen supply mechanism, through real-time calculation of the power demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2, the vehicle control module 8 dynamically enables the number of hydrogen release units 5 with second-level accuracy, making the hydrogen supply rate adjustable. In addition, the independent hydrogen release of multiple hydrogen release units 5 allows the faulty hydrogen release unit 5 to be isolated and replaced during the entire hydrogen supply process of the solid-state hydrogen pool module, and ensures that a stable hydrogen supply is maintained during maintenance.

[0065] Take the working condition of the target vehicle as an example:

[0066] When the target vehicle is in a low-load condition (20% power): at least two hydrogen release units 5 are activated to release hydrogen to maintain hydrogen supply efficiency;

[0067] When the target vehicle is in a high-load condition (100% power): all hydrogen release units 5 are started to release hydrogen to maintain hydrogen supply efficiency and accurately match the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2. Its power response time is shortened to avoid power hysteresis.

[0068] Further, combined with Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the vehicle power system further includes a monitoring unit and a thermal management unit 9. The monitoring unit includes a first pressure sensor and a temperature sensor disposed in the reaction chamber 511. The first pressure sensor is controlled in linkage with the driving member 53 through the vehicle control module 8.

[0069] The thermal management unit 9 includes an external heat dissipation component and an internal heat dissipation component. The external heat dissipation component includes a heat dissipation water jacket 91, a coolant compensation tank 92 and a first medium pump 93. The heat dissipation water jacket 91 is mounted on the outer shell of the hydrogen release pool 51. The outlet of the heat dissipation water jacket 91 is connected to the inlet of the coolant compensation tank 92, and the inlet of the heat dissipation water jacket 91 is connected to the outlet of the coolant compensation tank 92. The first medium pump 93 is arranged in a pipeline connecting the inlet of the heat dissipation water jacket 91 and the outlet of the coolant compensation tank 92. The internal heat dissipation component includes a cold liquid pipeline 94 and a second medium pump 95 provided in the hydrogen release tank 51. The liquid inlet of the cold liquid pipeline 94 is connected to the liquid outlet of the coolant compensation tank 92, and the liquid outlet of the cold liquid pipeline 94 is connected to the liquid inlet of the coolant compensation tank 92. The second medium pump 95 is provided on the pipeline connecting the liquid inlet of the cold liquid pipeline 94 and the liquid outlet of the coolant compensation tank 92. The temperature sensor is controlled by the vehicle control module 8 respectively with the first medium pump 93 and the second medium pump 95;

[0070] The thermal management unit 9 also includes a radiator 96 and a heat exchanger 97. The liquid inlet of the coolant compensation tank 92 is connected to the liquid outlet of the heat dissipation water jacket 91 and the cold liquid pipeline 94 respectively through the radiator 96. A first medium heat exchange pipeline 971 is arranged between the heat exchanger 97 and the pipeline on the liquid inlet side of the coolant compensation tank 92. A first solenoid valve 972 is arranged on the first medium heat exchange pipeline 971. A second medium heat exchange pipeline 973 is arranged between the heat exchanger 97 and the electrochemical reaction chamber of the hydrogen fuel power cell 2. A second solenoid valve 974 is arranged on the second medium heat exchange pipeline 973.

[0071] Through the implementation of the above vehicle power system embodiment, the first pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure in the reaction chamber 511 and compare it with the target pressure value (generated by the mapping curve of the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2) in real time. When a pressure deviation is detected, the volume of the reaction chamber 511 is adjusted:

[0072] When the pressure is too high: the internal space of the reaction chamber 511 is dynamically expanded to slow down the hydrogen release reaction rate and avoid hydrogen accumulation in the hydrogen fuel cell 2;

[0073] When the pressure is insufficient: the internal space of the reaction chamber 511 is dynamically reduced to accelerate the hydrogen release reaction rate to eliminate the risk of hydrogen starvation in the hydrogen fuel cell 2. This mechanism can ensure that the inlet hydrogen pressure fluctuation rate of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 is stable.

[0074] Furthermore, in the thermal management unit 9, a cooling liquid pipeline 94 within the reaction chamber 511 directly acts on the hydrolysis hydrogenation reaction zone. A second medium pump 95 regulates the coolant flow rate to dynamically dissipate the reaction heat, maintaining the reaction chamber 511 at a suitable reaction temperature. Simultaneously, a heat dissipation jacket 91 outside the reaction chamber 511 covers the entire reaction chamber 511, balancing the regional temperature differences generated by the cooling process within the reaction chamber 511. This ensures uniformity of the overall temperature field within the reaction chamber 511 and avoids reaction rate fluctuations. Furthermore, a temperature sensor provides real-time feedback on the temperature within the reaction chamber 511, and the vehicle control module 8 operates in conjunction with a dual medium pump. When an abnormal temperature rise within the reaction chamber 511 is detected, the internal cooling liquid pipeline 94 initiates emergency cooling, while the external heat dissipation jacket 91 simultaneously initiates a pressurized cycle to rapidly dissipate excess reaction heat. This dual-path thermal management approach improves heat dissipation per unit volume and effectively prevents localized overheating.

[0075] Based on the above cooling methods, to cool the medium that removes the reaction heat for recycling, the present invention also proposes two cooling modes: direct heat dissipation and waste heat recovery. The direct heat dissipation mode uses radiator 96 to directly cool the medium that has absorbed the reaction heat within the cooling water jacket 91 and the cooling liquid pipeline 94 with ambient air or liquid cooling to quickly reduce the medium's temperature. The waste heat recovery mode uses heat exchanger 97 to transfer the reaction heat absorbed by the medium within the cooling water jacket 91 and the cooling liquid pipeline 94 to the electrochemical reaction chamber of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 to preheat the reaction gases or maintain the stack temperature, thereby achieving thermal energy recycling. Based on the operating status and ambient temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell 2, the solenoid valve controls the flow of the medium. When the stack of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 is low, the first solenoid valve 972 and the second solenoid valve 974 are opened to prioritize the waste heat recovery mode, doubling the power generation efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 and significantly increasing the vehicle's power system's range. When the stack of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 is high or the ambient heat dissipation conditions are favorable, the direct heat dissipation mode is switched to maximize cooling efficiency. Thus, dual-path thermal management and dual-path cooling are combined to form a cross-module thermal balance, which not only ensures the temperature stability of the reaction chamber 511 but also improves the overall energy efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell 2.

[0076] Further, look back Figure 3 The outer shell of the hydrogen release pool 51 is a columnar structure. The separator 52 is arranged in the hydrogen release pool 51 and divides the internal space of the hydrogen release pool 51 into a relatively closed reaction chamber 511 and a driving chamber 516 from top to bottom. The upper surface of the separator 52 is a conical structure with a concave middle portion, and a sealing ring 521 is provided on the outer wall of the separator 52 to fit the inner wall of the hydrogen release pool 51. The driving member 53 is a linear driving mechanism arranged in the driving chamber 516, which is used to drive the separator 52 to move up and down in the vertical direction;

[0077] The feed port 512 , water inlet 513 , hydrogen discharge port 514 and tail discharge port 515 are all arranged on the top of the outer shell of the hydrogen release pool 51 and are respectively connected to the reaction chamber 511 . The cooling liquid pipeline 94 is embedded in the inner wall of the reaction chamber 511 and is arranged in a spiral shape along the vertical direction.

[0078] Through the implementation of the above-described vehicle power system embodiment, the driver 53, the separator 52, and the columnar hydrogen release reservoir 51 cooperate to precisely control the vertical displacement of the separator 52 by the driver 53, thereby dynamically adjusting the volume of the reaction chamber 511 according to the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2. The driver 53 is preferably a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, or an electric push rod. By driving the separator 52 in linear motion, the volume of the reaction chamber 511 can be rapidly changed, thereby rapidly responding to the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2. The feed port 512, the water inlet 513, the hydrogen discharge port 514 and the tail material discharge port 515 are centrally arranged at the top of the outer shell of the hydrogen release pool 51. During the process of hydrogen decomposition reaction in water, the hydrogen produced by the reaction directly floats up due to its low density and is transported to the hydrogen supply unit 7 from the hydrogen discharge port 514. The solid hydrogen storage material, water and reaction tail materials participating in the reaction are deposited on the upper surface of the separator 52 due to their own gravity due to their high density and are gathered in the concave area in the middle of the upper surface of the separator 52 to ensure that the solid hydrogen storage material and tail materials can be centrally processed, and the solid hydrogen storage material is fully in contact with water to react, thereby improving the hydrogen release efficiency. Moreover, after the hydrogen release reaction is completed and the valves in the feed port 512, the water inlet 513, and the hydrogen discharge port 514 are closed, the unreacted reactants (solid-state hydrogen storage material and water) or tails can be squeezed out of the tail discharge port 515 by continuously pushing the separator 52 upward, and are pumped into the remaining reaction chambers 511 or the tail unit 6 under the action of the corresponding delivery pump.

[0079] Furthermore, the provision of sealing ring 521 ensures that while driver 53 drives the partition plate up and down, drive chamber 516 and reaction chamber 511 remain physically isolated, preventing reactants and reaction products within reaction chamber 511 from entering drive chamber 516. This further ensures the efficiency of the hydrolysis-to-hydrogen reaction, as well as the purity of the output hydrogen and the safety of the hydrogen release reaction. Furthermore, a cooling liquid line 94 is arranged vertically and spirally along reaction chamber 511, achieving axial gradient heat dissipation, effectively maintaining a uniform temperature within reaction chamber 511 and preventing reduced hydrogen release efficiency due to local overheating.

[0080] Further, combined with Figure 6 As shown, the cross section of the shell of the hydrogen release pool 51 is an elliptical structure, and the separator 52 is arranged in the hydrogen release pool 51. The cross section of the separator 52 is a triangular structure, and the internal space of the hydrogen release pool 51 is divided into a relatively closed feed chamber, a reaction chamber 511 and a tail exhaust chamber along the circumferential direction of the cross section;

[0081] The three outer walls of the separator 52 are all convex arc-shaped structures, and a plurality of reaction grooves are provided on the arc-shaped surface of the separator 52. The three top corners of the separator 52 are respectively provided with sealing strips 522 that fit the inner wall of the hydrogen release pool 51. The driving member 53 is a magnetic gear disposed in the middle of the hydrogen release pool 51 and having a built-in magnetic source. The central axis of the magnetic gear is perpendicular to the cross-section of the separator 52. The separator 52 is provided with a gear ring 523. The magnetic gear is meshed with the gear ring 523 to drive the arc-shaped surface of the separator 52 to rotate into different chambers in sequence.

[0082] The feed chamber and the tail exhaust chamber are located on the same side of the hydrogen release pool 51. The feed chamber is located at the upper part of the hydrogen release pool 51, and the feed port 512 is connected to the feed chamber. The tail exhaust chamber is located at the lower part of the hydrogen release pool 51, and the tail exhaust port 515 is connected to the tail exhaust chamber. The water inlet 513 and the hydrogen exhaust port 514 are respectively connected to the reaction chamber 511, and the cooling liquid pipeline 94 is extended along the central axis of the magnetic gear.

[0083] Through the implementation of the above-mentioned vehicle power system embodiment, unlike the columnar structure of the hydrogen release pool 51, the embodiment of the present invention utilizes a triangular separator 52 to cooperate with the hydrogen release pool 51. The three vertices of the separator 52 contact the inner wall of the hydrogen release pool 51, so that the internal space of the hydrogen release pool 51 can be divided into a relatively closed feed chamber, a reaction chamber 511, and a tail exhaust chamber. The separator 52 is driven by a magnetic gear to rotate, achieving a periodic rotation of the feed, reaction, and slag discharge process, thereby forming a continuous feeding-reaction-waste discharge closed-loop process, which can completely eliminate the intermittent fluctuations of traditional hydrogen supply. Among them, the use of a magnetic gear to mesh with the ring gear 523 on the separator 52 to achieve isolated drive in an electromagnetic environment, without the need for physical penetration of the drive shaft, eliminating the risk of hydrogen leakage and ensuring the airtight integrity of the hydrogen release pool 51.

[0084] Specifically, the solid hydrogen storage material is first pumped from the storage bin 41 into the feed chamber via a corresponding delivery pump. The solid hydrogen storage material adheres to the reaction grooves on the curved surface of the separator 52 using the multiple reaction grooves. The separator 52 is then driven to rotate at a constant speed until the curved surface with the solid hydrogen storage material adheres rotates into the reaction chamber 511. The valves in the water inlet 513 and the hydrogen outlet 514 are then opened, allowing water in the water tank 42 to be sprayed into the reaction chamber 511 through the water inlet 513. Water comes into contact with the solid hydrogen storage material, causing a water-hydrogenation reaction. The released hydrogen is then output to the hydrogen supply unit 7 through the hydrogen outlet 514. The separator 52 is dynamically controlled to rotate at a preset angle. As the position of the curved surface of the separator 52 changes, the volume of the reaction chamber 511 also changes synchronously, thereby quickly and accurately responding to the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2. When the hydrogen release reaction is completed, the separator 52 is driven to rotate at high speed, so that the unreacted materials or tails attached to the curved surface of the separator 52 are quickly thrown out from the tail discharge port 515 of the tail discharge chamber and transported to the next level hydrogen release pool 51 or tail unit 6 by the corresponding delivery pump.

[0085] Furthermore, the flexible sealing strips 522 at the top corners of the separator 52 adaptively conform to the elliptical walls of the hydrogen release reservoir 51, preventing cross-contamination between adjacent chambers and ensuring the purity of the output hydrogen. Furthermore, a cooling liquid pipeline 94, extending along the central axis of the magnetic gear, directly absorbs the heat generated by the hydrolysis of the solid hydrogen storage material by passing through the core of the reaction chamber 511, maintaining the reaction chamber 511 at a suitable reaction temperature. Furthermore, because the cooling liquid pipeline 94 extends axially along the magnetic gear, it removes heat generated by hysteresis losses or eddy currents through the circulating cooling medium, eliminating the axial temperature differences caused by traditional radial heat dissipation and preventing demagnetization caused by localized temperature rise that could affect hydrogen release efficiency.

[0086] Further, look back Figure 5 The hydrogen supply unit 7 includes a hydrogen storage and release tank 71 and a hydrogen supply adjustment component. A solid hydrogen storage layer is provided on the inner wall of the hydrogen storage and release tank 71. An electric heater 72 is provided in the hydrogen storage and release tank 71 for heating and releasing the hydrogen stored in the solid hydrogen storage layer.

[0087] The hydrogen supply regulating assembly includes a hydrogen transmission pipeline, and a shut-off valve 73, a main valve 74 and a safety valve 75 arranged on the hydrogen transmission pipeline. The hydrogen storage and release tank 71 is connected to the hydrogen transmission side of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 through the hydrogen transmission pipeline, and a second pressure sensor is provided on the gas outlet side of the hydrogen storage and release tank 71.

[0088] Through the implementation of the above-mentioned vehicle power system embodiment, the hydrogen storage and release tank 71 is configured to allow the hydrogen released by hydrolysis to enter the hydrogen storage and release tank 71 for buffer storage. The hydrogen storage and release tank 71 uses the solid hydrogen storage layer provided on the inner wall to absorb part of the instantaneous high-pressure hydrogen output by the hydrogen release pool 51 through physical adsorption, which can reduce the pressure change impact caused by the hydrolysis reaction of the hydrogen release unit 5. When the hydrogen supply pressure of the hydrogen release pool 51 is insufficient, the electric heater 72 is activated to heat the internal environment of the hydrogen storage and release tank 71 at a low temperature, so as to release the hydrogen stored on the solid hydrogen storage layer in a short time, thereby maintaining the stability of the inlet pressure of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 and even meeting the requirements of the sudden increase in the load of the hydrogen fuel cell 2. Among them, the solid hydrogen storage layer is different from the solid hydrogen storage material participating in the hydrolysis reaction in the hydrogen release pool 51. The solid hydrogen storage layer only needs a lower heating temperature to release the stored hydrogen, such as non-metallic hydrogen storage materials such as aminoborane.

[0089] Furthermore, a second pressure sensor monitors the hydrogen supply pressure in real time. Adjusting the main valve 74 allows the reaction rate to be adjusted at any time, ensuring that the hydrogen supplied to the hydrogen fuel cell 2 remains within a relatively stable pressure range. This allows the hydrogen release rate and pressure to be dynamically adjusted based on the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2. Furthermore, a safety valve 75 is configured with a specific pressure threshold to protect the entire system and ensure timely pressure relief in the event of overpressure. The shut-off valve 73 acts as a cutoff switch for the entire hydrogen supply route.

[0090] Furthermore, a recycling component is provided between the tail water discharge end of the hydrogen fuel power cell 2 and the water tank 42, and the recycling component includes a first steam-water separator 21 and a second steam-water separator 22. The first steam-water separator 21 is connected to the anode reaction side of the hydrogen fuel power cell 2, and is used to draw out the unreacted water vapor in the anode of the hydrogen fuel power cell 2. The second steam-water separator 22 is connected to the cathode product side of the hydrogen fuel power cell 2, and is used to draw out the reaction products in the cathode of the hydrogen fuel power cell 2. The separated liquid outlets of the first steam-water separator 21 and the second steam-water separator 22 are both connected to the water tank 42.

[0091] Through the implementation of the above-mentioned vehicle power system embodiment, since the electrochemical reaction inside the hydrogen fuel cell 2 releases electrical energy, it cannot be guaranteed that all hydrogen is completely electrolyzed, so that some electrolysis products will still exist in the anode, mainly including unreacted hydrogen and a small amount of water vapor. Therefore, the first steam-water separator 21 is used to draw out the unreacted water vapor in the anode of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 and perform gas-water separation. In addition, since the hydrogen generated by hydrolysis in the hydrogen release tank 51 needs to have a certain humidity to meet the operating mass transfer conditions of the battery stack in the hydrogen fuel cell 2, when the electrochemical reaction is carried out inside the hydrogen fuel cell 2 to release electrical energy, the water vapor product located at the cathode after the reaction does not need to be refluxed, and is drawn out through the second steam-water separator 22 and subjected to steam-water separation.

[0092] The aqueous solution containing hydrogen atoms separated by the first steam-water separator 21 and the second steam-water separator 22 is circulated back to the water tank 42 for water decomposition and hydrogenation reaction, which can achieve closed-loop utilization of water resources and reduce the demand for external water replenishment. By reusing the hydrogen atoms in the aqueous solution to release hydrogen, the power generation efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 can be doubled, thereby greatly increasing the endurance of the vehicle power system.

[0093] As described above, the vehicle power system provided by the embodiment of the present invention decides whether to start the hydrogen storage and hydrogen production system according to the demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2. The storage bin 41 and the water tank 42 are respectively filled into the reaction chamber 511 of the hydrogen release unit 5, so that the water decomposition hydrogen reaction is carried out in the reaction chamber 511 and hydrogen is produced. As the hydrogen reaction pressure rises in the reaction chamber 511, when it reaches the preset first threshold, the valve in the hydrogen discharge port 514 is opened and hydrogen is provided to the hydrogen fuel cell 2. After the hydrogen pressure is released, when the hydrogen pressure in the reaction chamber 511 drops to the preset second threshold, the valve in the hydrogen discharge port 514 is closed and the tail is released. After the tail is released, when the hydrogen pressure in the reaction chamber 511 drops to the preset third threshold, the tail is stopped from being released, and a closed-loop feedback is given to determine whether the demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 reaches the preset demand threshold: if the demand threshold is reached, the solid-state hydrogen pool module is closed, and the system is shut down after being purged; if the demand threshold is not reached, the above cycle is continued.

[0094] The vehicle power system according to the embodiment of the present invention has the following outstanding technical effects:

[0095] 1. The vehicle power system of the present invention uses hydrogen energy as a secondary energy source for storage, and its energy storage density is more than 10 times that of traditional lithium batteries. The current higher energy density of existing lithium batteries is 200Wh / kg, and the solid-state hydrogen storage material is generally selected to have a hydrogen storage density of 20wt% after at least adding water to release hydrogen, that is, 100kg of solid-state hydrogen storage material can produce 20kg of hydrogen after reacting with water, and the low calorific value of hydrogen is 33kWh / kgH2, that is, 100kg of solid-state hydrogen storage material can store 660kWh of electrical energy. The energy density of solid-state hydrogen storage material is 6.6kWh / kg. If a hydrogen fuel cell power battery 21 is used to convert it into electricity, the efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell power battery 21 is calculated at 60%, and the energy density of the hydrogen energy produced by the solid-state hydrogen pool module after being converted into electrical energy is 3.96kWh / kg, which is 20 times the energy density of a lithium battery, and can achieve leapfrog iteration;

[0096] 2. The vehicle power system of the present invention can fully reuse the water produced by the hydrogen fuel cell 21 to react with solid hydrogen storage materials to produce hydrogen, and reuse one hydrogen atom in the water molecule to generate electricity. In theory, this can double the power generation efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell 21. That is, if the efficiency of the fuel cell is 60%, the hydrogen fuel cell 21 with the integrated solid hydrogen pool module of the present invention can increase the hydrogen-to-electricity conversion efficiency to 120%. Even considering the efficiency loss in actual use, the hydrogen-to-electricity conversion efficiency can reach at least 80%, which is much higher than the traditional fuel cell system using high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles;

[0097] 3. The vehicle power system of the present invention releases hydrogen gas from its solid-state hydrogen pool module to meet the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 21. When not in use, the hydrogen gas exists in the form of solid-state hydrogen storage material, which is highly safe at room temperature and pressure, without the risk of fire or explosion. It can be used in underground garages and is safer than gasoline and lithium-ion vehicles. This achieves the goal of using hydrogen without seeing it, completely resolving the safety issues of hydrogen energy terminal use and providing technical feasibility for the realization of a hydrogen energy social ecosystem.

[0098] 4. The vehicle power system of the present invention can achieve controlled hydrogen fusion by controlling the hydrogen release rate within the variable-volume hydrogen release cell 51, making it possible to release hydrogen by adding water, thereby significantly increasing the hydrogen storage density. When the hydrogen storage density exceeds 20%, replacing the 500 kg lithium battery of a current lithium battery passenger car with a solid-state hydrogen cell module of the same weight can produce 100 kg of hydrogen. Currently, the hydrogen consumption of existing fuel cell passenger cars is generally less than 1 kgH2 / 100 km. The vehicle power system of the present invention can allow the entire vehicle to have a single driving range of more than 10,000 km, thus enabling fuel cell passenger cars to operate without charging, hydrogenation, or refueling, requiring only maintenance every 10,000 km, that is, replacing the solid-state hydrogen cell module once.

[0099] 5. The vehicle power system of the present invention makes infrastructure construction more convenient. There is no need to build hydrogen refueling stations. Instead, it is only necessary to build a solid hydrogen pool production enterprise at a hydrogen mother station or hydrogen production plant, which greatly reduces the cost of station construction. It can also reduce the construction of charging piles, charging stations, and gas stations, significantly reducing social costs.

[0100] 6. The vehicle power system of the present invention can achieve long-term power supply. Through intelligent control, it can realize timely, quantitative and intelligent control output from the vehicle-level VCU (Vehicle Control Unit) to the fuel cell level FCU (Fuel Cell Unit) and then to the hydrogen storage level HCU (Hydrogen Control Unit).

[0101] The present invention also discloses a control method for controlling the above-mentioned vehicle power system based on a variable volume solid hydrogen tank, the control method comprising:

[0102] In response to the target vehicle being powered on in standby mode, real-time acquisition of the current working state of the target vehicle and the output power of the power drive module 1 is performed;

[0103] Analyze and determine the power demand of the power drive module 1 based on the obtained working status and output power, and calculate and obtain the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 at the current moment based on the determined power demand;

[0104] According to the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 at the current moment, the solid hydrogen storage material in the storage bin 41 and the water in the water tank 42 are controlled to be injected into the reaction chamber 511 of the hydrogen release pool 51 to perform a hydrogen release reaction, and the demand change rate of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 at the current moment and the previous moment is calculated based on the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2;

[0105] The amount of solid-state hydrogen storage material injected from the storage bin 41 into the reaction chamber 511 is collected and obtained, and the ideal hydrogen release amount is calculated based on the chemical composition of the solid-state hydrogen storage material. The actual hydrogen release amount is determined by collecting and obtaining the volume of hydrogen produced in the reaction chamber 511 at the current moment. Based on the determined actual hydrogen release amount and the calculated ideal hydrogen release amount, the hydrogen release efficiency in the reaction chamber 511 at the current moment is calculated;

[0106] The hydrogen release efficiency in the reaction chamber 511 at the current moment is compared with the demand change rate of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 at the current moment. If the hydrogen release efficiency is greater than the hydrogen consumption efficiency, the internal space of the reaction chamber 511 is dynamically increased by controlling the driving member 53 to drive the partition 52 to move. If the hydrogen release efficiency is less than the hydrogen consumption efficiency, the internal space of the reaction chamber 511 is dynamically reduced by controlling the driving member 53 to drive the partition 52 to move.

[0107] By implementing the above-described control method embodiment, voltage / current sensors, speed sensors, and other sensors are used to obtain the target vehicle's standby / operating status, such as idling, acceleration, and braking, as well as the power module's power output signal, in real time. This data forms the input benchmark for hydrogen supply regulation, ensuring that subsequent control strategies are closely aligned with actual operating conditions. Based on a power demand model (e.g., a lookup table or a learning prediction algorithm), the power module's power demand can be mapped to the current output demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2, thereby triggering the hydrogen release reaction on demand and ensuring dynamic matching of hydrogen supply with the demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2. By comparing the current and previous hydrogen consumption demands of the hydrogen fuel cell 2, the trend of demand changes (e.g., sudden increase or slow decrease) can be determined, providing a decision basis for adjusting the volume of the reaction chamber within the hydrogen release pool 51. Furthermore, by calculating the current hydrogen release efficiency within the reaction chamber 511, the chemical conversion efficiency of the reaction chamber 511 is quantified. Based on the difference between the hydrogen release efficiency and the demand change rate, a preset algorithm can be used to achieve rapid response in adjusting the volume of the reaction chamber 511. This involves using the fuel cell's real-time power demand as a starting point to reversely derive a hydrogen supply strategy, ensuring a seamless transition from hydrogen supply to power generation and finally to power output. By dynamically comparing the rate of change in demand (on the demand side) with hydrogen release efficiency (on the supply side), controlled hydrogen fusion is achieved, enabling hydrogen release from water. This in turn ensures a close match between hydrogen supply and the real-time power demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2, significantly improving the electrochemical reaction efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 and ensuring the vehicle's power system's endurance.

[0108] It should be understood that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Those skilled in the art may modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents; and all these modifications and replacements should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle power system based on a variable volume solid hydrogen pool, characterized in that: The vehicle power system includes: A power drive module is used to provide driving force for the vehicle; A power battery module, comprising a hydrogen fuel cell power battery and a pure electric cell power battery, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell power battery and the pure electric cell power battery are respectively connected to the power drive module; A solid-state hydrogen pool module comprises a feeding unit, multiple hydrogen release units, a tail unit and a hydrogen supply unit, wherein the feeding unit comprises a storage bin and a water tank, wherein the storage bin is pre-stored with solid-state hydrogen storage material, the hydrogen release unit comprises a hydrogen release pool, and a separator and a driving member arranged in the hydrogen release pool, wherein the separator separates the internal space of the hydrogen release pool into an independent and closed reaction chamber, the driving member is connected to the separator, and the separator is driven by the driving member to move in the hydrogen release pool and dynamically increase or decrease the volume of the internal space of the reaction chamber, the storage bin and the water tank are respectively connected to multiple hydrogen release pools, and the reaction chamber in each hydrogen release pool is connected to the hydrogen transmission side of the hydrogen fuel cell through the hydrogen supply unit, and the tail discharge end of the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the water tank; The vehicle control module is respectively connected to the power drive module, the power battery module, and the solid-state hydrogen pool module for closed-loop control of the dynamic operation of each module according to the power requirements of the target vehicle.

2. The vehicle power system based on a variable volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell of the hydrogen release tank is respectively provided with a feed inlet, a water inlet, a hydrogen discharge port and a tail material discharge port, and the feed inlet, the water inlet, the hydrogen discharge port and the tail material discharge port are respectively provided with independent electronically controlled valves; The storage bin is connected to the feed port through a raw material conveying pipeline, the water tank is connected to the water inlet through a water supply pipeline, the tail material unit is connected to the tail material discharge port through a tail discharge conveying pipeline, and the hydrogen supply unit is respectively connected to the hydrogen discharge port on each of the hydrogen release pools through a hydrogen discharge pipeline. The raw material conveying pipeline, the water supply pipeline, the tail discharge conveying pipeline and the hydrogen discharge pipeline are all provided with a conveying pump.

3. The vehicle power system based on a variable volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding unit, the plurality of hydrogen release units, and the tailing unit are sequentially connected in series, and different reaction temperatures and catalysts are configured in the reaction chambers corresponding to the hydrogen release units, so as to form a multi-stage hydrogen release pool with increasing reaction rate along the direction from the feeding unit to the tailing unit, and the unreacted materials and tailings in the hydrogen release pool of the previous stage can be pushed into the hydrogen release pool of the next stage by the continuous movement of the separator; The storage bin is connected to the feed port on the first-stage hydrogen release pool, the water tank is connected to the water inlet on the first-stage hydrogen release pool, the tail material unit is connected to the tail material outlet on the last-stage hydrogen release pool, and the tail material outlet on the upper-stage hydrogen release pool is connected to the feed port on the lower-stage hydrogen release pool.

4. The vehicle power system based on a variable volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding unit and the tailing unit are respectively connected to each of the hydrogen release units, so that the plurality of hydrogen release units are arranged in parallel, and the reaction chamber corresponding to each of the hydrogen release units is configured with the same reaction temperature and catalyst; The storage bin is connected to the feed port on each hydrogen release pool, the water tank is connected to the water inlet on each hydrogen release pool, and the tail material unit is connected to the tail material outlet on each hydrogen release pool.

5. The vehicle power system based on a variable volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The vehicle power system further includes a monitoring unit and a thermal management unit, wherein the monitoring unit includes a first pressure sensor and a temperature sensor disposed in the reaction chamber, and the first pressure sensor is controlled in linkage with the driving element through the vehicle control module; The thermal management unit includes an external heat dissipation component and an internal heat dissipation component, the external heat dissipation component includes a heat dissipation water jacket, a coolant compensation tank and a first medium pump, the heat dissipation water jacket is arranged on the outer shell of the hydrogen release pool, the liquid outlet of the heat dissipation water jacket is connected to the liquid inlet of the coolant compensation tank, and the liquid inlet of the heat dissipation water jacket is connected to the liquid outlet of the coolant compensation tank, the first medium pump is arranged on the pipeline connecting the liquid inlet of the heat dissipation water jacket and the liquid outlet of the coolant compensation tank, the internal heat dissipation component includes a cold liquid pipeline and a second medium pump arranged in the hydrogen release pool, the liquid inlet of the cold liquid pipeline is connected to the liquid outlet of the coolant compensation tank, and the liquid outlet of the cold liquid pipeline is connected to the liquid inlet of the coolant compensation tank, the second medium pump is arranged on the pipeline connecting the liquid inlet of the cold liquid pipeline and the liquid outlet of the coolant compensation tank, and the temperature sensor is linked to the first medium pump and the second medium pump through the vehicle control module respectively; The thermal management unit also includes a radiator and a heat exchanger. The liquid inlet of the coolant compensation tank is connected to the liquid outlet of the heat dissipation water jacket and the cold liquid pipeline respectively through the radiator. A first medium heat exchange pipeline is arranged between the heat exchanger and the pipeline on the liquid inlet side of the coolant compensation tank, and a first solenoid valve is arranged on the first medium heat exchange pipeline. A second medium heat exchange pipeline is arranged between the heat exchanger and the electrochemical reaction chamber of the hydrogen fuel power cell, and a second solenoid valve is arranged on the second medium heat exchange pipeline.

6. The vehicle power system based on a variable volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shell of the hydrogen release cell is a columnar structure, the separator is cooperatively arranged in the hydrogen release cell and divides the internal space of the hydrogen release cell into the relatively closed reaction chamber and the driving chamber from top to bottom. The upper surface of the separator is a conical structure with a concave middle portion, and a sealing ring is provided on the outer wall of the separator to fit the inner wall of the hydrogen release cell. The driving member is a linear driving mechanism provided in the driving chamber, which is used to drive the separator to move up and down in the vertical direction; The feed port, the water inlet, the hydrogen discharge port and the tail material discharge port are all arranged on the top of the hydrogen release pool shell and are respectively connected to the reaction chamber. The cooling liquid pipeline is embedded on the inner wall of the reaction chamber and is arranged in a spiral shape along the vertical direction.

7. The vehicle power system based on a variable volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross section of the hydrogen release pool shell is an elliptical structure, the separator is arranged in the hydrogen release pool, the cross section of the separator is a triangular structure, and the internal space of the hydrogen release pool is divided into a relatively closed feed chamber, the reaction chamber and the tail exhaust chamber along the circumferential direction of the cross section; The three outer side walls of the separator are all convex arc-shaped structures, and a plurality of reaction grooves are provided on the arc-shaped surface of the separator. The three top corners of the separator are respectively provided with sealing strips that fit the inner wall of the hydrogen release pool. The driving member is a magnetic gear disposed in the middle of the hydrogen release pool and having a built-in magnetic source. The central axis of the magnetic gear is perpendicular to the cross-section of the separator. A gear ring is provided on the separator, and the magnetic gear is meshed with the gear ring to drive the arc-shaped surface of the separator to rotate into different chambers in sequence. The feed chamber and the tail exhaust chamber are located on the same side of the hydrogen release pool, the feed chamber is located at the upper part of the hydrogen release pool, and the feed port is communicated with the feed chamber, the tail exhaust chamber is located at the lower part of the hydrogen release pool, and the tail material discharge port is communicated with the tail exhaust chamber, the water inlet and the hydrogen discharge port are respectively communicated with the reaction chamber, and the cooling liquid pipeline is extended along the central axis of the magnetic gear.

8. The vehicle power system based on a variable volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen supply unit includes a hydrogen storage and release tank and a hydrogen supply adjustment component. A solid hydrogen storage layer is provided on the inner wall of the hydrogen storage and release tank. An electric heater is provided in the hydrogen storage and release tank for heating and releasing the hydrogen stored in the solid hydrogen storage layer. The hydrogen supply regulating assembly includes a hydrogen transmission pipeline, and a shut-off valve, a main valve and a safety valve arranged on the hydrogen transmission pipeline. The hydrogen storage and release tank is connected to the hydrogen transmission side of the hydrogen fuel cell through the hydrogen transmission pipeline, and a second pressure sensor is provided on the gas outlet side of the hydrogen storage and release tank.

9. The vehicle power system based on a variable volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: A recycling component is provided between the tail water discharge end of the hydrogen fuel power cell and the water tank, and the recycling component includes a first steam-water separator and a second steam-water separator. The first steam-water separator is connected to the anode reaction side of the hydrogen fuel power cell and is used to draw out unreacted water vapor in the anode of the hydrogen fuel power cell. The second steam-water separator is connected to the cathode product side of the hydrogen fuel power cell and is used to draw out the reaction products in the cathode of the hydrogen fuel power cell. The separated liquid outlets of the first steam-water separator and the second steam-water separator are both connected to the water tank.

10. A control method for controlling a vehicle power system based on a variable volume solid hydrogen cell according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The control method includes: In response to the target vehicle being powered on in standby mode, real-time acquisition of the current operating state of the target vehicle and the output power of the power drive module; Analyzing and determining the power demand of the power drive module based on the acquired working state and output power, and calculating and obtaining the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel cell at the current moment based on the determined power demand; According to the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel cell at a current moment, the solid hydrogen storage material in the storage bin and the water in the water tank are controlled to be injected into the reaction chamber of the hydrogen release pool to perform a hydrogen release reaction, and according to the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel cell at a current moment and a previous moment, the demand change rate of the hydrogen fuel cell at a current moment is calculated; An ideal hydrogen release amount is calculated by collecting and obtaining the injection amount of the solid-state hydrogen storage material from the storage bin into the reaction chamber, and combining the chemical composition of the solid-state hydrogen storage material to obtain the ideal hydrogen release amount. An actual hydrogen release amount is determined by collecting and obtaining the volume of hydrogen produced in the reaction chamber at the current moment. The hydrogen release efficiency in the reaction chamber at the current moment is calculated based on the determined actual hydrogen release amount and the calculated ideal hydrogen release amount. The hydrogen release efficiency in the reaction chamber at the current moment is compared with the demand change rate of the hydrogen fuel cell at the current moment. If the hydrogen release efficiency is greater than the hydrogen consumption efficiency, the internal space of the reaction chamber is dynamically increased by controlling the driving member to drive the partition to move. If the hydrogen release efficiency is less than the hydrogen consumption efficiency, the internal space of the reaction chamber is dynamically reduced by controlling the driving member to drive the partition to move.

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