Composite roadbed structure in frozen soil area

Abstract

A composite roadbed structure in a frozen soil area relates to the technical field of road and railway roadbed engineering and comprises a roadbed body, a ventilation assembly, an air guide assembly and a heat pipe assembly, the roadbed body is used for being built in a frozen soil stratum, the ventilation assembly is embedded in the roadbed body, and two ventilation ports of the ventilation assembly are exposed to the two sides of the roadbed body in the width direction respectively; the air guide assembly is connected with the roadbed, the air guide assembly is provided with an air guide channel capable of automatically adjusting the orientation according to the air direction, and the air guide channel communicates with one of the two ventilation ports and is used for guiding air into the ventilation assembly; the heat pipe assembly penetrates through the roadbed body from the side portion of the roadbed body and is used for being inserted into the frozen earth stratum. The roadbed structure can reduce disturbance of an external stable environment to a frozen earth stratum and improve thermal stability of the frozen earth stratum, and the roadbed structure is long in service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of highway and railway subgrade engineering, and more particularly to a composite subgrade structure in permafrost regions. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the global climate warming, the regional permafrost has degraded significantly, and the freeze-thaw diseases of road engineering in permafrost regions have occurred frequently. For high-grade roads in permafrost regions, due to the strong heat absorption effect of the wide pavement width, black asphalt pavement, and high heat storage of the thick pavement structure of high-grade roads, the thermal disturbance to the underlying permafrost is greater, and it is extremely difficult to control the freeze-thaw deformation of the road. The core of the successful construction and operation of transportation projects in alpine regions lies in whether the long-term thermal stability of the permafrost underlying the engineering structures can be ensured. Among many subgrade cooling measures, ventilation can not only cool the lower soil mass, but also improve the overall stiffness of the subgrade and reduce differential deformation. However, the hot wind blowing in during the warm season will weaken the cooling performance of ventilation. In addition, the directionality of the wind will reduce the uniformity of the ventilation cooling effect.

[0003] The inventors found in their research that the composite subgrade structure in permafrost regions of the prior art has at least the following disadvantages:

[0004] A single ventilation plate or heat pipe is not conducive to stabilizing the permafrost layer, the permafrost layer has poor stability, and the service life of the subgrade is shortened. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The objectives of the present invention include, for example, providing a composite subgrade structure in permafrost regions, which can reduce the disturbance of the external stable environment to the permafrost layer, improve the thermal stability of the permafrost layer, and has a long service life of the subgrade structure.

[0006] The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a composite subgrade structure in permafrost regions, including a subgrade body, a ventilation component, a wind guiding component, and a heat pipe component, wherein:

[0008] The subgrade body is used to be built on the permafrost layer. The ventilation component is embedded in the subgrade body, and two ventilation ports of the ventilation component are respectively exposed on both sides in the width direction of the subgrade body. The wind guiding component is connected to the subgrade, and the wind guiding component is provided with a wind guiding channel that can automatically adjust its orientation according to the wind direction. The wind guiding channel is communicated with one of the two ventilation ports for guiding the wind into the ventilation component. The heat pipe component penetrates through the subgrade body from the side of the subgrade body and is used to be inserted into the permafrost layer.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the ventilation assembly includes a plurality of ventilation units, and the plurality of ventilation units are arranged in sequence in the length direction of the road base body; each of the ventilation units includes a plurality of ventilation plates, and each of the ventilation plates is provided with ventilation holes, and all the ventilation plates of the same ventilation unit are connected in the width direction of the road base body, and the ventilation holes of all the ventilation plates of the same ventilation unit are connected in sequence to form a ventilation channel.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, each of the ventilation plates has a first end and a second end opposite to each other on the ventilation channel, the first end is provided with a first plug-in portion, the second end is provided with a second plug-in portion, one of the first plug-in portion and the second plug-in portion is set as a protrusion, and the other is set as a groove, and the protrusions and grooves of adjacent ventilation plates are plug-fitted.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the air guide assembly includes a bracket, a flexible air guide duct and a direction adjustment unit, the bracket is installed on the ventilation plate, and the first port of the flexible air guide duct is connected to the ventilation plate; the direction adjustment unit is installed on the bracket, and the direction adjustment unit is connected to the flexible air guide duct, and the direction adjustment unit is used to drive the flexible air guide duct to rotate under the action of wind force so that the second port of the flexible air guide duct faces the wind direction; the first port and the second port are distributed at both ends of the flexible air guide duct.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the number of the direction-adjusting units is two, and the two direction-adjusting units are distributed on both sides of the flexible air duct in the length direction of the road base body.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the direction adjustment unit includes a wind shield and a linkage mechanism, both of which are installed on the bracket, the wind shield is transmission-connected to the linkage mechanism, and the linkage mechanism is connected to the flexible air duct; the wind shield is used to drive the flexible air duct to rotate through the linkage mechanism under the action of wind, so that the air inlet of the flexible air duct faces the wind direction.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the linkage mechanism includes a steering gear, a steering rack, a tension spring, and a cable; the steering gear is rotatably mounted on the bracket, the steering rack is slidably mounted on the bracket, and the steering gear is meshed with the steering rack; the steering rack is connected to one end of the tension spring, the other end of the tension spring is connected to the cable, and the cable is connected to the flexible air duct;

[0015] When there is no wind, with the cooperation of the two direction adjustment units, the flexible air guide pipe is coaxially arranged with the ventilation channel.

[0016] In an alternative embodiment, the linkage mechanism further includes two one-way anti-rotation members;

[0017] The bracket includes a mounting ring, a support rod, and two mounting seats. The mounting ring is sleeved outside the ventilation plate. Two ends of the support rod are respectively fixedly connected to the mounting ring and the ventilation plate. The two mounting seats are both fixed on the mounting ring. Each mounting seat is provided with a mounting groove. The mounting groove has two opposite groove side walls, and each groove side wall is provided with a sliding groove. The steering gear is rotatably installed in the mounting groove, and opposite sides of the steering rack are respectively slidably connected to the two sliding grooves. The two one-way anti-rotation members are respectively fixed to the two steering gears, and the one-way anti-rotation members are used to contact the corresponding mounting seat under the condition that the flexible air duct is coaxially arranged with the ventilation passage, so as to limit the windshield from rotating close to the flexible air duct.

[0018] In an alternative embodiment, the heat pipe assembly includes a plurality of heat pipe bodies. Each heat pipe body includes an evaporation pipe section, an adiabatic pipe section, and a condensation pipe section that are sequentially connected. The evaporation pipe section and the adiabatic pipe section are coaxially arranged, and the adiabatic pipe section and the condensation pipe section are arranged at an obtuse angle. The evaporation pipe section is inserted into the frozen soil layer, and the adiabatic pipe section passes through the side of the roadbed body. The condensation pipe section is located outside the roadbed body.

[0019] In an alternative embodiment, the roadbed body includes a first roadbed filling soil layer, a geogrid layer, a second roadbed filling soil layer, and a roadbed structure layer that are sequentially stacked from bottom to top. The ventilation assembly is arranged between the geogrid layer and the second roadbed filling soil layer. The heat pipe assembly penetrates through the first roadbed filling soil layer from the side of the first roadbed filling soil layer.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention include, for example:

[0021] In summary, the composite roadbed structure in the frozen soil area provided by this embodiment, by using the ventilation assembly and the heat pipe assembly in combination, in the warm season, the heat pipe assembly can transfer the hot air introduced by the ventilation assembly to the frozen soil layer for heat discharge, thereby reducing the heat absorbed by the frozen soil layer, and further reducing the impact of the hot air on the thermal stability of the frozen soil layer. Moreover, during the change from the warm season to the refrigerant, the heat pipe assembly and the ventilation assembly can both absorb the heat of the frozen soil layer, and the heat pipe assembly can absorb heat before the ventilation assembly, that is, discharge the heat of the frozen soil layer before the ventilation assembly, and the duration is longer than that of the ventilation assembly, thereby effectively extending the heat release time of the frozen soil layer and improving the stability of the frozen soil layer. At the same time, when the ventilation assembly guides air, especially in the cold season, the air guide assembly can automatically adjust its direction according to the wind direction so that the air guide assembly can face the wind direction, and the air guide assembly is mainly used to introduce outside air into the ventilation assembly, so that the amount of cold air entering the ventilation assembly can be increased, which is convenient for carrying away the heat of the road base body, greatly reducing the heat transferred to the frozen soil layer, and helping to maintain the stability of the frozen soil layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a composite roadbed structure in a frozen soil region according to the present embodiment from one perspective;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the composite roadbed structure in a frozen soil region according to the present embodiment from another perspective;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the ventilation assembly of this embodiment;

[0026] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a state of cooperation between the ventilation plate and the air guide assembly of this embodiment;

[0027] Figure 5 To correspond Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another state of;

[0028] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the coordination of the air guide assembly of this embodiment.

[0029] icon:

[0030] 001 - Frozen soil layer; 100 - Roadbed body; 110 - First roadbed filling soil layer; 120 - Geogrid layer; 130 - Second roadbed filling soil layer; 140 - Roadbed structure layer; 200 - Ventilation component; 210 - Ventilation unit; 211 - Ventilation plate; 300 - Air guiding component; 310 - Bracket; 311 - Assembly ring; 312 - Support rod; 313 - Mounting seat; 3131 - Mounting groove; 3132 - Sliding groove; 320 - Flexible air duct; 321 - First port; 322 - Second port; 330 - Direction adjustment unit; 331 - Windshield; 332 - Direction adjustment gear; 333 - Direction adjustment rack; 334 - Tension spring; 335 - Cable; 336 - One-way anti-rotation part; 400 - Heat pipe component; 410 - Heat pipe body; 411 - Evaporation pipe section; 412 - Insulated pipe section; 413 - Condensation pipe section. Detailed implementation mode

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0032] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that: Similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship, it is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the present invention is usually placed when in use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0035] In addition, if terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] It should be noted that, without conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0037] In the prior art, the frozen soil layer 001 is affected by the heat of the subgrade, resulting in poor stability, and thus the stability of the subgrade structure built on the frozen soil layer 001 is poor. Generally, ventilation plates or heat pipes are used to reduce the influence of the heat of the subgrade structure on the frozen soil layer 001. The ventilation plates or heat pipes are used independently, with poor effects and a short service life of the subgrade structure.

[0038] In view of this, the designer provides a composite subgrade structure in frozen soil areas, which can improve the thermal stability of the frozen soil layer 001 and extend the service life of the subgrade structure.

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1 - 6 , this embodiment provides a composite subgrade structure in frozen soil areas, including a subgrade body 100, a ventilation component 200, a wind guiding component 300, and a heat pipe component 400, wherein:

[0040] The subgrade body 100 is used to be built on the frozen soil layer 001. The ventilation component 200 is embedded in the subgrade body 100, and the two ventilation ports of the ventilation component 200 are respectively exposed on both sides in the width direction of the subgrade body 100. The wind guiding component 300 is connected to the subgrade. The wind guiding component 300 is provided with a wind guiding channel that can automatically adjust its orientation according to the wind direction, and the wind guiding channel is communicated with one of the two ventilation ports for guiding the wind into the ventilation component 200. The heat pipe component 400 penetrates through the subgrade body 100 from the side of the subgrade body 100 and is used to be inserted into the frozen soil layer 001.

[0041] As described above, the working principle of the composite subgrade structure in frozen soil areas provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0042] By using the ventilation component 200 and the heat pipe component 400 in combination, in the warm season, the heat pipe component 400 can discharge the heat transferred from the hot air introduced by the ventilation component 200 to the frozen soil layer 001, thereby reducing the heat absorbed by the frozen soil layer 001, and further reducing the impact of the hot air on the thermal stability of the frozen soil layer 001. Moreover, during the change from the warm season to the cold season, both the heat pipe component 400 and the ventilation component 200 can absorb the heat of the frozen soil layer 001, and the heat pipe component 400 can absorb heat prior to the ventilation component 200, that is, discharge the heat of the frozen soil layer 001 prior to the ventilation component 200, and the duration is longer than that of the ventilation component 200, so as to effectively extend the heat release time of the frozen soil layer 001 and improve the stability of the frozen soil layer 001. At the same time, when the ventilation component 200 conducts air, especially in the cold season, the air guiding component 300 can automatically adjust its direction according to the wind direction, so that the air guiding component 300 can face the wind direction. The air guiding component 300 is mainly used to introduce external air into the ventilation component 200. In this way, the cold air volume entering the ventilation component 200 can be increased, which is convenient for taking away the heat of the roadbed body 100, greatly reducing the heat transferred to the frozen soil layer 001 and being beneficial to maintaining the stability of the frozen soil layer 001.

[0043] The following embodiments illustrate the details of the composite subgrade structure in frozen soil areas of the present application by way of examples.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, optionally, the ventilation component 200 includes a plurality of ventilation units 210, and the structure of each ventilation unit 210 can be set to be the same. The plurality of ventilation units 210 are arranged in sequence in the length direction of the roadbed body 100. Each ventilation unit 210 includes a plurality of ventilation plates 211, and each ventilation plate 211 is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes arranged side by side. The ventilation holes extend along the width direction of the roadbed body. All the ventilation plates 211 of the same ventilation unit 210 are butted in the width direction of the roadbed body 100, and the ventilation holes of all the ventilation plates 211 of the same ventilation unit 210 are sequentially communicated to form a ventilation channel. In other words, the plurality of ventilation holes of each ventilation unit 210 are correspondingly communicated, and the end portions of the ventilation plates 211 located on both sides respectively extend out of both sides in the width direction of the roadbed body 100. The ventilation channel is for air flow. When air flows in the ventilation channel, it can exchange heat with the heat inside the roadbed body 100, thereby taking away the heat and reducing the heat transferred from the roadbed body 100 to the frozen soil layer 001.

[0045] In addition, there may be a spacing between adjacent ventilation holes to facilitate providing an installation space and a guiding space for the air guiding component 300.

[0046] Optionally, each ventilation plate 211 has a first side and a second side opposite to each other on the ventilation channel. The first side is provided with a first plugging portion, and the second side is provided with a second plugging portion. One of the first plugging portion and the second plugging portion is set as a protrusion, and the other is set as a groove. The protrusion and the groove of adjacent ventilation plates 211 are plugged and matched. In this way, when adjacent two ventilation plates 211 are butted, guided by the protrusion and the groove, the assembly difficulty is reduced, the stability of the butt joint of adjacent ventilation plates 211 can also be improved, and it can also ensure that adjacent two ventilation plates 211 are directly opposite and communicated, ensuring that the inside of the entire ventilation channel is smooth and no stepped structure is formed, which is beneficial to the wind passing through the ventilation channel.

[0047] It should be understood that the plurality of ventilation plates 211 of adjacent two ventilation units 210 can be arranged staggeredly to improve the arrangement stability.

[0048] In addition, the length dimensions of the plurality of ventilation plates 211 of the same ventilation unit 210 can be set differently and can be selected as needed.

[0049] Please refer to Figures 4 - 6 , in this embodiment, optionally, the air guiding assembly 300 includes a bracket 310, a bendable air duct 320 and two steering units 330. The bracket 310 is installed on the ventilation plate 211, and the first port 321 of the bendable air duct 320 is butted with the ventilation plate 211. The two steering units 330 are both installed on the bracket 310, the two steering units 330 are both connected to the bendable air duct 320, and the two steering units 330 are distributed on both sides of the bendable air duct 320 in the length direction of the roadbed body 100. Each steering unit serves to drive the bendable air duct 320 to rotate under the action of wind force so that the second port 322 of the bendable air duct 320 faces the wind direction. Among them, the first port 321 and the second port 322 are distributed at both ends of the bendable air duct 320. The second port 322 can be understood as the air inlet, and the second port 322 can be understood as the air outlet. The outside air enters the bendable air duct 320 from the air inlet and then enters the ventilation channel from the air outlet.

[0050] By providing two steering units 330 and using them in cooperation, the bending direction of the bendable air duct 320 can be adjusted in at least two directions, so that the second port 322 of the bendable air duct 320 faces the wind direction as much as possible, thereby increasing the air intake volume, increasing the heat exchange amount, and reducing the heat conducted from the roadbed body 100 to the frozen soil layer 001.

[0051] Optionally, the structures of the two adjustment units 330 are configured to be identical for ease of processing and manufacturing. For ease of description, the structure of one adjustment unit 330 is used as an example for illustration. The adjustment unit 330 includes a windshield 331 and a linkage mechanism. Both the windshield 331 and the linkage mechanism are mounted on the bracket 310. The windshield 331 is transmission-connected to the linkage mechanism, and the linkage mechanism is connected to the flexible air duct 320. The windshield 331 is used to drive the flexible air duct 320 to rotate through the linkage mechanism under the action of wind, so that the air inlet of the flexible air duct 320 faces the wind direction. At the same time, the linkage mechanism includes an adjustment gear 332, an adjustment rack 333, a tension spring 334, and a cable 335. The adjustment gear 332 is rotatably mounted on the bracket 310, and the rotation axes of the two are perpendicular to the axis of the ventilation plate 211. A steering rack 333 is slidably mounted on the bracket 310, with the sliding direction of the steering rack 333 forming an acute angle with the axis of the ventilation plate 211. A steering gear 332 meshes with the steering rack 333. The steering rack 333 is connected to one end of a tension spring 334, the other end of which is connected to a cable 335, which is connected to the flexible air duct 320. When there is no wind, the two steering units 330 work together to keep the flexible air duct 320 coaxial with the ventilation channel.

[0052] For this design, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 When the wind direction is from left to right, the wind shield 331 on the right side rotates counterclockwise under the action of the wind, the direction-adjusting gear 332 on the right side rotates counterclockwise, and the direction-adjusting rack 333 on the right side slides toward the second port 322 of the flexible air duct 320. The length of the tension spring 334 on the right side becomes shorter, and the elastic force decreases, which is less than the elastic force of the tension spring 334 on the left side. Under the action of the tension spring 334 on the left side, the flexible air duct 320 rotates to the left, and the second port 322 of the flexible air duct 320 faces the direction, thereby increasing the air volume entering the flexible air duct 320. Similarly, when the wind direction is from right to left, the left windshield 331 rotates clockwise, the left direction-adjusting gear 332 rotates clockwise, and the left direction-adjusting rack 333 slides close to the second port 322 of the flexible air duct 320. The left tension spring 334 shortens, and the elastic force decreases, becoming less than the elastic force of the right tension spring 334. Under the action of the right tension spring 334, the flexible air duct 320 rotates to the right, and the second port 322 of the flexible air duct 320 faces the right direction, thereby increasing the air volume entering the flexible air duct 320. The flexible air duct 320 can automatically adjust its direction according to the wind direction, thereby introducing more air volume and facilitating heat exchange.

[0053] In other embodiments, optionally, the linkage mechanism further includes two one-way anti-rotation members 336 and two torsion springs (not shown in the figure). Meanwhile, the bracket 310 includes an assembly ring 311, a support rod 312, and two mounting seats 313. The assembly ring 311 is sleeved outside the ventilation plate 211, and the two ends of the support rod 312 are respectively fixedly connected to the assembly ring 311 and the ventilation plate 211; the two mounting seats 313 are both fixed on the assembly ring 311; each mounting seat 313 is provided with a mounting groove 3131; the mounting groove 3131 has two opposite groove side walls, and each groove side wall is provided with a sliding groove 3132; the steering gear 332 is rotatably installed in the mounting groove 3131, and the opposite sides of the steering rack 333 are respectively slidably connected to the two sliding grooves 3132. The two one-way anti-rotation members 336 are respectively fixed on the two steering gears 332, and the one-way anti-rotation member 336 is used to contact the corresponding mounting seat 313 under the condition that the flexible air duct 320 is coaxially arranged with the ventilation passage, so as to limit the rotation of the air duct close to the flexible air duct 320. Each steering gear 332 is connected to the mounting seat 313 through a torsion spring, and the torsion spring can provide an elastic force to make the wind deflector 331 have a tendency to rotate towards the flexible air duct 320, so as to ensure that the tension spring 334 can provide a certain tension in the initial state. That is, in the initial state, the elastic force of the torsion spring is greater than the tension of the tension spring 334. Under the action of the torsion spring, the tension spring 334 is in a stretched state, so that the wind deflector 331 is in a position where it contacts the one-way anti-rotation member 336 and the mounting seat 313. When blowing, the wind force overcomes the elastic force of the torsion spring and blows the wind deflector 331 to rotate, and the elastic force of the tension spring 334 on the corresponding side decreases.

[0054] That is to say, please take Figure 4 As a reference, in the initial state, the two wind deflectors 331 are arranged in central symmetry, and each one-way anti-rotation member 336 contacts the corresponding mounting seat 313, so that each wind deflector 331 cannot rotate close to the flexible air duct 320. That is, when the wind direction is from left to right, the left wind deflector 331 will not rotate close to the flexible air duct 320, so as not to collide and interfere with the flexible air duct 320, improving safety.

[0055] In addition, in the windless state, each wind deflector 331 can be arranged at an acute angle with the axis of the flexible air duct 320, that is, the wind deflector 331 is in a state of opening outward at a certain angle, and the wind shielding effect is good.

[0056] In addition, the width of the wind deflector 331 is greater than the diameter of the flexible air duct 320, and the wind blowing towards the wind deflector 331 is not easily completely blocked by the flexible air duct 320, making the wind deflector 331 easier to be blown by the wind, thereby improving the sensitivity of angle adjustment.

[0057] In this embodiment, optionally, the heat pipe assembly 400 includes a plurality of heat pipe bodies 410. Each heat pipe body 410 includes an evaporation pipe section 411, a heat insulation pipe section 412, and a condensation pipe section 413 that are sequentially connected. The evaporation pipe section 411 and the heat insulation pipe section 412 are coaxially arranged, and the heat insulation pipe section 412 and the condensation pipe section 413 are arranged at an obtuse angle. The evaporation pipe section 411 is inserted into the frozen soil layer 001, and the heat insulation pipe section 412 passes through the side of the roadbed body 100. The condensation pipe section 413 is located outside the roadbed body 100. When the temperature of the frozen soil is higher than the external temperature, the refrigerant medium in the evaporation pipe section 411 is heated and evaporated, converted into a gaseous medium, and the gaseous medium flows to the condensation pipe section 413, thereby releasing heat and reducing the temperature of the frozen soil.

[0058] In this embodiment, optionally, the roadbed body 100 includes a first roadbed filling soil layer 110, a geogrid layer 120, a second roadbed filling soil layer 130, and a roadbed structure layer 140 that are sequentially stacked from bottom to top. The ventilation assembly 200 is arranged between the geogrid layer 120 and the second roadbed filling soil layer 130; the heat pipe assembly 400 penetrates through the first roadbed filling soil layer 110 from the side of the first roadbed filling soil layer 110. The roadbed body 100 has a simple structure, is convenient for construction, has high stability, and a long service life.

[0059] The composite roadbed structure in the frozen soil area provided in this embodiment can improve the thermal stability of the frozen soil through the cooperation of the ventilation assembly 200 and the heat pipe assembly 400, thereby reducing the influence of the deformation of the frozen soil layer 001 on the roadbed body 100 and extending the service life of the roadbed body 100. At the same time, the cooperation of the air guiding assembly 300 and the ventilation assembly 200 can increase the ventilation volume, thereby further improving the thermal stability of the frozen soil layer 001.

[0060] As described above, only the specific embodiments of the present invention are provided, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claimed rights.

Claims

1. A composite subgrade structure in permafrost regions, characterized in that, It includes a subgrade body (100), a ventilation component (200), a wind guiding component (300), and a heat pipe component (400), where: The subgrade body (100) is used to be constructed on a frozen soil layer (001). The ventilation component (200) is embedded in the subgrade body (100), and two ventilation ports of the ventilation component (200) are respectively exposed on both sides in the width direction of the subgrade body (100). The wind guiding component (300) is connected to the subgrade. The wind guiding component (300) is provided with a wind guiding channel that can automatically adjust its orientation according to the wind direction. The wind guiding channel is communicated with one of the two ventilation ports for guiding wind into the ventilation component (200). The heat pipe component (400) penetrates through the subgrade body (100) from the side of the subgrade body (100) and is used to be inserted into the frozen soil layer (001).

2. The composite subgrade structure in a frozen soil area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation component (200) includes a plurality of ventilation units (210). The plurality of ventilation units (210) are arranged in sequence in the length direction of the subgrade body (100). Each ventilation unit (210) includes a plurality of ventilation plates (211). Each ventilation plate (211) is provided with ventilation holes. All the ventilation plates (211) of the same ventilation unit (210) are butted in the width direction of the subgrade body (100), and the ventilation holes of all the ventilation plates (211) of the same ventilation unit (210) are sequentially communicated to form a ventilation channel.

3. The composite subgrade structure in a frozen soil area according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each ventilation plate (211) has a first end and a second end opposite to each other on the ventilation channel. The first end is provided with a first insertion part, and the second end is provided with a second insertion part. One of the first insertion part and the second insertion part is set as a protrusion, and the other is set as a groove. The protrusion and the groove of adjacent ventilation plates (211) are inserted and matched.

4. The composite subgrade structure in a frozen soil area according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wind guiding component (300) includes a bracket (310), a flexible wind guiding pipe (320), and an orientation adjusting unit (330). The bracket (310) is installed on the ventilation plate (211). The first port (321) of the flexible wind guiding pipe (320) is butted with the ventilation plate (211). The orientation adjusting unit (330) is installed on the bracket (310). The orientation adjusting unit (330) is connected to the flexible wind guiding pipe (320). The orientation adjusting unit (330) is used to drive the flexible wind guiding pipe (320) to rotate under the action of wind force so that the second port (322) of the flexible wind guiding pipe (320) faces the wind direction. The first port (321) and the second port (322) are distributed at both ends of the flexible wind guiding pipe (320).

5. The composite subgrade structure in a frozen soil area according to claim 4, characterized in that: The direction adjusting units (330) are provided in two numbers, and the two direction adjusting units (330) are distributed on both sides of the flexible air duct (320) in the longitudinal direction of the roadbed body (100).

6. The composite roadbed structure in permafrost region according to claim 5, characterized in that: The direction adjusting unit (330) includes a wind shield and a linkage mechanism. The wind shield (331) and the linkage mechanism are both installed on the bracket (310). The wind shield (331) is in transmission connection with the linkage mechanism, and the linkage mechanism is connected to the flexible air duct (320); the wind shield (331) is used to drive the flexible air duct (320) to rotate through the linkage mechanism under the action of wind, so that the air inlet of the flexible air duct (320) faces the wind direction.

7. The composite roadbed structure in permafrost region according to claim 6, characterized in that: The linkage mechanism includes a direction adjusting gear (332), a direction adjusting rack (333), a tension spring (334) and a cable (335); the direction adjusting gear (332) is rotatably installed on the bracket (310), the direction adjusting rack (333) is slidably installed on the bracket (310), and the direction adjusting gear (332) is engaged with the direction adjusting rack (333); the direction adjusting rack (333) is connected to one end of the tension spring (334), the other end of the tension spring (334) is connected to the cable (335), and the cable (335) is connected to the flexible air duct (320); When there is no wind, under the cooperation of the two direction adjusting units (330), the flexible air duct (320) is coaxially arranged with the ventilation channel.

8. The composite roadbed structure in permafrost region according to claim 7, characterized in that: The linkage mechanism further includes two one-way anti-rotation members (336); The bracket (310) includes an assembly ring (311), a support rod (312), and two mounting seats (313). The assembly ring (311) is sleeved outside the ventilation plate (211). Two ends of the support rod (312) are respectively and fixedly connected to the assembly ring (311) and the ventilation plate (211). The two mounting seats (313) are both fixed on the assembly ring (311). Each mounting seat (313) is provided with a mounting groove (3131). The mounting groove (3131) has two opposite groove side walls, and each groove side wall is provided with a sliding groove (3132). The steering gear (332) is rotatably installed in the mounting groove (3131), and two opposite sides of the steering rack (333) are respectively and slidably connected to the two sliding grooves (3132). The two one-way anti-rotation members (336) are respectively fixed to the two steering gears (332), and the one-way anti-rotation member (336) is used to contact the corresponding mounting seat (313) under the condition that the flexible air duct (320) is coaxially arranged with the ventilation channel, so as to limit the windshield (331) from rotating close to the flexible air duct (320).

9. The composite subgrade structure in the frozen soil area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat pipe assembly (400) includes a plurality of heat pipe bodies (410). Each heat pipe body (410) includes an evaporation pipe section (411), a heat insulation pipe section (412), and a condensation pipe section (413) that are connected in sequence. The evaporation pipe section (411) and the heat insulation pipe section (412) are coaxially arranged, and the heat insulation pipe section (412) and the condensation pipe section (413) are arranged at an obtuse angle. The evaporation pipe section (411) is inserted into the frozen soil layer (001), and the heat insulation pipe section (412) passes through the side of the subgrade body (100). The condensation pipe section (413) is located outside the subgrade body (100).

10. The composite subgrade structure in the frozen soil area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The subgrade body (100) includes a first subgrade filling layer (110), a geogrid layer (120), a second subgrade filling layer (130), and a subgrade structure layer (140) that are stacked in sequence from bottom to top. The ventilation assembly (200) is arranged between the geogrid layer (120) and the second subgrade filling layer (130). The heat pipe assembly (400) penetrates through the first subgrade filling layer (110) from the side of the first subgrade filling layer (110).

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