Shallow ice and snow coring drilling tool

Abstract

The invention discloses a shallow ice and snow coring drilling tool, and belongs to the technical field of shallow ice and snow drilling equipment in polar regions and high mountain regions, the shallow ice and snow coring drilling tool comprises a rotary power mechanism and a coring assembly, and the rotary power mechanism is used for providing rotary power to drive the coring assembly to rotate; the coring assembly comprises a power switching part, an ice core pipe and a drill bit part which are sequentially, coaxially and detachably connected from top to bottom. The power switching part is matched with an output end hole shaft of the rotary power mechanism and is fixedly connected with the output end hole shaft through a quick-insertion self-locking pin. The power switching component and the ice core pipe are in hole-shaft clearance fit and are positioned and connected through a threaded pin; and the drill bit part and the ice core pipe are in hole-shaft clearance fit and are positioned and connected through a second bolt. The drilling tool is small in size, small in mass and simple in structure, continuous drilling can be achieved, single-person or double-person transportation and operation can be achieved, the difficulty of polar region and high mountain glacier site transportation and logistics supporting and the technical requirement for personnel operation are lowered, and the structural complexity and the production and manufacturing cost of drilling and coring equipment are lowered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of shallow ice and snow drilling equipment in polar and alpine regions, and more specifically, relates to a shallow ice and snow coring drill Background Art

[0002] Shallow ice and snow core samples in polar and alpine glaciers contain atmospheric components and solid particle depositions over the past ten thousand years, which are extremely important for reconstructing climate and environmental changes in the past few decades to thousands of years, evaluating the impact of human activities on the global environment, and predicting short-term future climate change trends. However, due to the harsh environment and inconvenient transportation in polar and alpine regions, conventional ice and snow layer coring drilling equipment is often bulky and difficult to be transported to the drilling and sampling site by manpower, resulting in high transportation and construction costs. The structure of conventional shallow ice and snow core drilling equipment is relatively complex, requiring supporting surface auxiliary equipment such as drill towers, winches, and generators. It requires multiple operators and has high professional skill requirements for on-site operators, restricting the scope and efficiency of ice and snow core drilling and sampling. If a portable, simple-structured, and continuously drillable ice and snow layer drilling equipment can be provided, enabling single or double-person on-site transportation and drilling and sampling, the acquisition volume of shallow ice and snow core samples in polar and alpine glaciers can be greatly increased. How to achieve the portability and simplification of shallow ice and snow drilling and sampling equipment while reducing the operation difficulty of on-site operators is the main technical problem faced in the current field of shallow ice and snow core drilling in polar and alpine glaciers. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to address the technical problems of large volume, large mass, many surface supporting equipment, and high operation difficulty of on-site operators of shallow ice and snow core drilling equipment in polar and alpine glaciers, and to propose a shallow ice and snow coring drill with a small volume, small mass, simple structure, and continuous drillability. It can be transported and operated by single or double persons, reducing the difficulty of on-site transportation and logistics support in polar and alpine glaciers and the technical requirements for on-site operators, as well as reducing the structural complexity and manufacturing cost of the drilling and coring equipment.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A shallow ice and snow coring drill includes a rotary power mechanism and a coring assembly. The rotary power mechanism is used to provide a rotary power to drive the coring assembly to rotate; the coring assembly includes a power transfer component, an ice core tube, and a drill bit component that are coaxially and detachably connected in sequence from top to bottom. The power transfer component is in hole-shaft fit with the output end of the rotary power mechanism and is connected and fixed through a quick-insert self-locking pin; the power transfer component and the ice core tube are in hole-shaft clearance fit and are connected and positioned through a threaded pin; the drill bit component and the ice core tube are in hole-shaft clearance fit and are connected and positioned through a second bolt. The power transfer component, the ice core tube, and the drill bit component are connected as a whole, and the power transfer component sequentially transmits the received rotary torque to the ice core tube and the drill bit component. The drill bit component is used for cutting ice layers and snow layers and forming ice cores and snow cores inside.

[0005] Further, the rotary power mechanism is an electric rotary power output device, and the electric rotary power output device is powered by a battery.

[0006] Further, the rotary power mechanism is a manual operating rod.

[0007] Further, at least one drill pipe is connected between the output end of the rotary power mechanism and the power transfer component, and between adjacent drill pipes, between the drill pipe and the output end of the rotary drive mechanism, and between the drill pipe and the power transfer component, they are all connected and fixed by quick-insert self-locking pins; the drill pipe is used to extend the distance between the rotary power mechanism and the power transfer component, thereby increasing the drilling depth.

[0008] Further, the power transfer component includes a power transfer body and a first bolt and a threaded pin installed on the power transfer body. The threaded pin is in threaded cooperation with the power transfer body, and the threaded pin can be screwed into or out of the power transfer body; the power transfer body and the inner hole of the ice core tube are in clearance fit of hole and shaft. During the assembly process of the two, the axial position during installation is determined by the first bolt, and after the threaded pin is screwed out to the installation hole provided on the ice core tube, the power transfer body and the ice core tube are connected and fixed as a whole. Specifically, the pipe wall of the ice core tube is provided with an installation hole, and the power transfer body is provided with a threaded hole corresponding to the installation hole and cooperating with the threaded pin; when the power transfer component is inserted into the inner hole of the ice core tube and the first bolt is clamped on the upper end surface of the ice core tube, the axial positions of the installation hole and the threaded pin are aligned, and by screwing the threaded pin into the mating position of the installation hole and the threaded hole, the fixed connection between the power transfer component and the ice core tube is realized.

[0009] Further, a spiral strip is wound around the outer wall of the ice core tube, and a window is opened in the upper part of the side wall of the ice core tube.

[0010] Further, the drill bit component includes a drill bit body, a second bolt, a third bolt, a spring piece, a core breaker, a cutter head, a fourth bolt, a fifth bolt, and a sixth bolt. The second bolt is in threaded cooperation with the drill bit body and can be screwed into or out of the drill bit body. The outer cylindrical surface of the drill bit body and the ice core tube have a clearance fit. When the bottom of the ice core tube is inserted into the drill bit body and aligned and locked by screwing in the second bolt, the fixed connection between the ice core tube and the drill bit component is achieved. A through groove is provided on the side of the drill bit body. The core breaker is arranged in the through groove and connected to the drill bit body through the fourth bolt, and the core breaker rotates around the fourth bolt. When the core breaker rotates towards the inside of the drill bit body around the fourth bolt, it is limited by the bottom of the through groove. When the drill is lifted, the cutting edge of the core breaker cuts into the ice core or snow core, causing the ice core or snow core to form cracks and disconnect from the original layer. The spring piece is connected to the drill bit body through the third bolt and is used to form a limiting structure when the core breaker rotates outwards around the fourth bolt. The cutter head is fixed to the inclined surface at the bottom of the drill bit body through the fifth bolt, and at least three cutter heads are provided to cut the ice layer or snow layer at the bottom of the drill during the rotation of the drill bit component and form an annular space for the ice core tube to pass through. The number of the sixth bolts is the same as the number of cutter heads. The sixth bolts are arranged at the bottom plane of the drill bit body behind each cutter head. By adjusting the distance between the bottom planes of several sixth bolts and the cutting edge planes at the bottoms of several cutter heads, the cutting amount of the cutter heads during the rotary coring drilling process can be controlled, and the jamming caused by excessive cutting amount of the cutter heads can be avoided.

[0011] Further, the spring piece is an elastic metal piece, and its free end contacts the outer surface of the core breaker to provide an elastic resistance for outward rotation.

[0012] Further, the number of threaded holes above the drill bit body is six, and six corresponding second bolts are provided to achieve circumferentially uniform fixation of the ice core tube.

[0013] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0014] After the power transfer component, ice core tube, and drill bit component included in the shallow ice and snow coring drill provided by the present invention are assembled into one on the ground, an electric rotary power output device or a manual operating rod can be selected as the rotary power mechanism according to actual needs. The rotary torque is sequentially transmitted to the drill bit component through the power transfer component and the ice core tube. During the rotation of the drill bit component, the cutting head continuously cuts the ice layer or snow layer to form an annular gap, and a columnar ice core or snow core is formed in the internal space of the drill bit body. The debris generated during the cutting process is transported by the spiral structure formed by the external spiral strips of the ice core tube and falls back into the internal part of the ice core tube through the window on the ice core tube. After a single drilling is completed, when the surface personnel lift the drill, the internal cut-off device of the drill bit component will be stuck outside the ice core or snow core under the combined action of the relative movement between the core body (the core body is an ice core or snow core) and the drill bit component and the elastic force of the spring piece. Cracks will expand due to the extrusion of the cut-off device on the outside of the ice core or snow core, and finally separate from the original ice layer and are finally supported by the cut-off device. After the surface personnel lift the drill with the ice core or snow core to the surface, separate the ice core tube from the power transfer component, and the ice core or snow core can be collected. After the collection of the ice core or snow core is completed, reassemble the ice core tube and the power transfer component, and the next drilling can be carried out. If it is necessary to increase the drilling depth, drill pipes can be added between the power transfer component and the rotary power mechanism according to actual needs.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of a shallow ice and snow coring drill provided by the present invention are as follows:

[0016] The shallow ice and snow coring drill provided by the present invention has a simple structure, is convenient for disassembly, maintenance, and replacement, has a low technical complexity level, and has low personnel technical requirements.

[0017] Further effects:

[0018] First, an electric rotary power output device driven by a battery is used as the power source for the drill's penetration. There is no need for surface drill towers, winches, or generators. The coring assembly includes a power transfer component, an ice core tube, and a drill bit component. The overall structure of the drill is simple, small in size, light in weight, and can be disassembled into multiple components for transportation, which is extremely convenient for applications in places with inconvenient transportation such as polar regions and alpine glaciers.

[0019] Second, the method of adding drill pipes is adopted to increase the drill's coring and sampling depth ability, without the need for auxiliary drilling equipment such as surface winches and drill towers.

[0020] Third, the ice core tube is positioned by screwing bolts in and out with the power transfer component and the drill bit component respectively, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly, and saves the surface operation time for on-site coring and sampling. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly structure of the shallow ice and snow coring drill provided according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic structural diagram of the core component of the shallow ice and snow core drill according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the core component of the shallow ice and snow core drill according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic structural diagram of the power transfer component of the shallow ice and snow core drill according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 Cross-sectional view of the power transfer component of the shallow ice and snow core drill according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 Schematic structural diagram of the ice core tube of the shallow ice and snow core drill according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 Schematic structural diagram of the first perspective of the drill bit component of the shallow ice and snow core drill according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 Schematic structural diagram of the second perspective of the drill bit component of the shallow ice and snow core drill according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 Cutting ice principle diagram of the assembly relationship of the drill bit body, cutter head, fifth bolt and sixth bolt in the shallow ice and snow core drill according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 Schematic structural diagram of the manual operating rod assembly of the shallow ice and snow core drill according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 11 Schematic cross-sectional view of the manual operating rod assembly of the shallow ice and snow core drill according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 12 Schematic structural diagram of the electric rotary power output device assembly of the shallow ice and snow core drill according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 13 Schematic cross-sectional view of the electric rotary power output device assembly of the shallow ice and snow core drill according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the working process of the shallow ice and snow core drill according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Reference numerals in the figures: 1 - Electric rotary power output device; 2 - Battery; 3 - Drill pipe; 4 - Quick - insert self - locking pin; 5 - Power transfer component; 6 - Ice core tube; 7 - Drill bit component; 8 - Switch; 9 - Manual operating lever; 10 - Power transfer body; 11 - First bolt; 12 - Threaded pin; 13 - Drill bit body; 14 - Second bolt; 15 - Third bolt; 16 - Spring piece; 17 - Cut - off device; 18 - Tool bit; 19 - Fourth bolt; 20 - Fifth bolt; 21 - Sixth bolt. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that the content specifically described below is illustrative rather than restrictive, and should not be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein should have the ordinary meaning understood by those of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention pertains.

[0037] To avoid obscuring the essence of the present invention, well - known methods, processes, procedures, components, and circuits are not described in detail.

[0038] It should be understood that the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth", "sixth" are only used for descriptive purposes, and the features defined with "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth", "sixth" do not represent any order, quantity, or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components.

[0039] Such as Figures 1 to 12As shown in the figure, a shallow ice and snow coring drill includes a rotary power mechanism and a coring assembly. The rotary power mechanism is used to provide rotary power to drive the coring assembly to rotate. The coring assembly includes a power transfer component 5, an ice core tube 6, and a drill bit component 7 that are coaxially and detachably connected in sequence from top to bottom. The power transfer component 5 is in hole-shaft clearance fit with the output end of the rotary power mechanism and is connected and fixed through a quick-insert self-locking pin 4. The power transfer component 5 and the ice core tube 6 are in hole-shaft clearance fit and are positioned and connected through a threaded pin 12. The drill bit component 7 and the ice core tube 6 are in hole-shaft clearance fit and are positioned and connected through a second bolt 14. The rotary power mechanism can select an electric rotary power output device 1 or a manual operating rod 9 according to actual needs. The battery 2 provides power for the electric rotary power output device 1. This belongs to the prior art, and the detailed electrical connection of the electric rotary power output device 1 and the battery 2 will not be elaborated in detail here. The manual operating rod 9 is driven by human power. The electric rotary power output device 1 is a commercial rotary power output device. For example, the Model18N01 rotary power output device of "Lixiang" has a power of 1450W and is driven by the battery 2. If it is necessary to increase the drilling depth, drill pipes 3 can be added between the power transfer component 5 and the rotary power mechanism 1 according to actual needs. The drill pipes 3 are commercially available products for conventional drilling. Between adjacent drill pipes 3, between the drill pipe 3 and the output end of the rotary drive mechanism, and between the drill pipe 3 and the power transfer component 5, they are all connected and fixed through quick-insert self-locking pins 4. The quick-insert self-locking pins 4 are commercially available products. The outer wall of the ice core tube 6 is wound with spiral strips to form a spiral structure, and a window is opened in the upper part of the side wall of the ice core tube 6. The rotary power output by the rotary power mechanism is directly or transmitted to the power transfer component 5 through the drill pipe 3. Subsequently, the power transfer component 5 transmits the power to the ice core tube 6 and the drill bit component 7 in sequence. The drill bit component 7 rotates to cut the ice layer or snow layer for drilling and forms an annular channel for the ice core tube 6 to pass through. During the synchronous rotation of the ice core tube 6, the external spiral structure is used to transport the debris generated by the drill bit component 7 rotating to cut the ice layer or snow layer, and the debris falls back into the interior of the ice core tube 6 through the window on the ice core tube 6.

[0040] As Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown in the figure, the assembly connection relationship among the power transfer component 5, the ice core tube 6, and the drill bit component 7 is as follows: Installation holes are provided at both ends of the ice core tube 6 for connecting the power transfer component 5 and the drill bit component 7; the power transfer component 5 includes a power transfer body 10, a first bolt 11, and a threaded pin 12. The threaded pin 12 is in threaded fit with the power transfer body 10, and the threaded pin 12 can be screwed into and out of the power transfer body 10. The first bolt 11 is installed on the power transfer body 10. The power transfer body 10 is a metal part with a through hole in the center. The power transfer body 10 can form a hole-shaft fit with the output shaft of the rotary power mechanism or the drill pipe 3, and transmit rotational motion and torque through the quick-insert self-locking pin 4. Moreover, the power transfer body 10 and the inner hole of the ice core tube 6 are in a hole-shaft clearance fit. During the assembly process of the two, the axial position is determined by the first bolt 11. The first bolt 11 of the power transfer component 5 is clamped on the upper end face of the ice core tube 6. At this time, after the installation hole on the ice core tube 6 is aligned with the threaded pin 12 on the power transfer component 5, and by screwing the threaded pin 12 out into the installation hole provided on the ice core tube 6, the power transfer body 10 and the ice core tube 6 are connected and fixed as a whole; the drill bit component 7 includes a drill bit body 13, a second bolt 14, a third bolt 15, a spring piece 16, a core breaker 17, a cutter head 18, a fourth bolt 19, a fifth bolt 20, and a sixth bolt 21. The drill bit body 13 is the main body part of the drill bit component 7. The second bolt 14 is connected to the drill bit body 13 by threads, and the second bolt 14 can be screwed into and out of the drill bit body 13. The drill bit body 13 and the outer cylindrical surface of the ice core tube 6 are in a hole-shaft clearance fit. After the bottom of the ice core tube 6 is inserted into the drill bit body 13 and the installation hole at the end of the ice core tube 6 is aligned, screwing in the second bolt 14 provided on the drill bit component 7 can realize the connection between the ice core tube 6 and the drill bit component 7. A through groove is provided on the side of the drill bit body 13, and the core breaker 17 is arranged in the through groove of the drill bit body 13. A through hole is provided on the core breaker 17. The core breaker 17 is hinged to the drill bit body 13 through the fourth bolt 19, and the core breaker 17 can rotate along the fourth bolt 19. When the core breaker 17 rotates inward towards the drill bit body 13, it is limited by the bottom of the through groove of the drill bit body 13. When there is an ice core or snow core inside the drill tool and it is lifted, the cutting edge of the core breaker 17 will cut into the ice core or snow core and cause the ice core or snow core to form crack expansion and disconnect from the original layer, realizing the function of cutting off the ice core or snow core; the spring piece 16 is connected to the drill bit body 13 through the third bolt 15. The main function of the spring piece 16 is to form a limit when the core breaker 17 rotates outward around the fourth bolt 19.The cutter head 18 is fixed to the bottom inclined plane of the drill bit body 13 through the fifth bolt 20, and at least three groups of cutter heads 18 are provided to cut the ice layer or snow layer at the bottom of the drill tool during the rotation of the drill bit component 7 and form an annular space for the ice core tube 6 to pass through. After the installation of the cutter head 18 is completed, the sixth bolt 21 is fixed to the bottom plane of the drill bit body 13 by threading to control the cutting amount of the cutter head 18 during the rotary core drilling process and avoid the situation of jamming caused by excessive cutting amount of the cutter head 18. The principle of cutting amount control is as follows: The cutter head 18 is fixed to the bottom inclined plane of the drill bit body 13 through the fifth bolt 20, and then several sixth bolts 21 are fixed to the bottom plane of the drill bit body 13 by threading. Based on the plane formed by the cutting edges of several cutter heads 18, the height of the heads of several sixth bolts 21 and the cutting edge plane is adjusted, and thus the cutting depth when the cutter head 18 cuts into the ice layer can be controlled. When several sixth bolts 21 are screwed into the drill bit body 13, the cutting depth of the cutter head 18 into the ice layer increases, and the single rotary cutting amount of the drill tool increases; conversely, when screwed out, the cutting depth of the cutter head 18 into the ice layer decreases, and the single rotary cutting amount of the drill tool decreases. For details, see... Figure 9 。

[0041] Figure 10 and Figure 11 Figure 8 shows the assembly connection relationship of the power transfer component 5, the ice core tube 6, the drill bit component 7 and the manual operating rod 9. The manual operating rod 9 is used to provide the rotary power of the drill tool manually. The manual operating rod 9 and the power transfer component 5 are connected and fixed through hole-shaft fit and a quick-insert self-locking pin 4. The purpose of setting the manual operating rod 9 is for low-speed rotary hole opening at the initial stage of drilling.

[0042] Figure 12 and Figure 13 Figure 14 shows the assembly relationship of the power transfer component 5, the ice core tube 6, the drill bit component 7, the electric rotary power output device 1 and the battery 2. After the electric rotary power output device 1 is installed with the battery 2, it can realize the rotary power output of the bottom shaft. The start and stop of the rotary power of the electric rotary power output device 1 are controlled by the switch 8. The electric rotary power output device 1 and the power transfer component 5 are connected and fixed through hole-shaft fit and a quick-insert self-locking pin 4. The purpose of setting the electric rotary power output device 1 is to realize high-speed core drilling of the drill tool and save manpower.

[0043] Figure 14 Figure 18 shows the working process schematic diagram of the shallow ice and snow core drill, which is divided into the following steps:

[0044] Steps (a) and (b), the hole opening stage. The power transfer component 5, the ice core tube 6, the drill bit component 7 and the manual operating rod 9 are assembled. By manually rotating the manual operating rod 9, the drill tool is screwed into the ice layer or snow layer surface to a predetermined depth. The drill tool is lifted upward manually to break off the snow core or ice core, and the drill tool is lifted to the ground surface. The power transfer component 5 and the ice core tube 6 are disassembled and the ice core or snow core is collected to form a surface pilot hole;

[0045] In steps (c) and (d), the electric drilling stage: Replace the manual operating rod 9 with the electric rotary power output device 1 installed with the battery 2. The surface personnel hold the handle of the electric rotary power output device 1 and press the switch 8 to start the high-speed drilling of the ice layer. After the electric drilling reaches the predetermined depth, manually lift the drill string and break off the ice core or snow core, lift the drill string to the surface, disassemble the power transfer component 5 and the ice core tube 6 and collect the ice core or snow core;

[0046] In steps (e) and (f), the extended drilling stage: Add the drill pipe 3 between the electric rotary power output device 1 and the power transfer component 5. The number of drill pipes 3 is determined by the on-site operator. Lower the drill string into the borehole and continue drilling. After each drilling is completed, manually lift the drill string and break off the ice core or snow core, lift the drill string to the surface, disassemble the power transfer component 5 and the ice core tube 6 and collect the ice core or snow core;

[0047] In step (g), repeat the extended drilling stage. In order to obtain deeper ice cores or snow cores, repeat steps (e) and (f) to obtain continuous shallow ice core or snow core samples.

[0048] In summary, the present invention proposes a portable, simple-structured and continuously drillable ice and snow layer drilling equipment, which realizes single-person or double-person transportation and operation, reduces the difficulty of on-site transportation and logistics support in polar regions and alpine glaciers and the technical requirements for personnel operation, and reduces the structural complexity and manufacturing cost of the drilling and coring equipment.

Claims

1. A shallow ice and snow coring drill, characterized in that, It includes a rotary power mechanism and a coring assembly. The rotary power mechanism is used to provide rotary power to drive the coring assembly to rotate. The coring assembly includes a power transfer component (5), an ice core tube (6), and a drill bit component (7) that are coaxially detachably connected in sequence from top to bottom. The power transfer component (5) is in hole-shaft clearance fit with the output end of the rotary power mechanism and is connected and fixed by a quick-insert self-locking pin (4). The power transfer component (5) and the ice core tube (6) are in hole-shaft clearance fit and are positioned and connected by a threaded pin (12). The drill bit component (7) and the ice core tube (6) are in hole-shaft clearance fit and are positioned and connected by a second bolt (14).

2. The shallow ice and snow coring drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary power mechanism is an electric rotary power output device (1), and the electric rotary power output device (1) uses a battery (2) as a power source.

3. The shallow ice and snow coring drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary power mechanism is a manual operating rod (9).

4. The shallow ice and snow coring drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one drill pipe (3) is connected between the output end of the rotary power mechanism and the power transfer component (5), and between adjacent drill pipes (3), between the drill pipe (3) and the output end of the rotary drive mechanism, and between the drill pipe (3) and the power transfer component (5), they are all connected and fixed by quick-insert self-locking pins (4).

5. The shallow ice and snow coring drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power transfer component (5) includes a power transfer body (10), a first bolt (11), and a threaded pin (12) installed on the power transfer body (10). The threaded pin (12) is in threaded fit with the power transfer body (10), and the threaded pin (12) can be screwed into or out of the power transfer body (10). The power transfer body (10) is in hole-shaft clearance fit with the inner hole of the ice core tube (6). When the power transfer component (5) is inserted into the inner hole of the ice core tube (6), the first bolt (11) of the power transfer component (5) is clamped on the upper end face of the ice core tube (6).

6. The shallow ice and snow coring drill according to claim 5, characterized in that, The wall of the ice core tube (6) is provided with mounting holes, and the power transfer body (10) is provided with threaded holes corresponding to the mounting holes for cooperating with the threaded pin (12). When the power transfer component (5) is inserted into the inner hole of the ice core tube (6) and the first bolt (11) is clamped on the upper end face of the ice core tube (6), the axial positions of the mounting holes and the threaded pin (12) are aligned. By screwing the threaded pin (12) into the mating position of the mounting hole and the threaded hole, the fixed connection between the power transfer component (5) and the ice core tube (6) is achieved.

7. The shallow ice and snow coring drill according to claim 1, characterized in that The outer wall of the ice core tube (6) is wound with spiral strips, and a window is opened in the upper part of the side wall of the ice core tube (6).

8. The shallow ice and snow coring drill according to claim 1, wherein The drill bit component (7) includes a drill bit body (13), a second bolt (14), a third bolt (15), a spring piece (16), a core breaker (17), a cutter head (18), a fourth bolt (19), a fifth bolt (20), and a sixth bolt (21). The second bolt (14) is in threaded fit with the drill bit body (13) and can be screwed into or out of the drill bit body (13). The outer cylindrical surface of the drill bit body (13) and the ice core tube (6) are in clearance fit with a hole and a shaft. When the bottom of the ice core tube (6) is inserted into the drill bit body (13) and aligned and locked by screwing in the second bolt (14), the fixed connection between the ice core tube (6) and the drill bit component (7) is achieved. A through groove is provided on the side surface of the drill bit body (13). The core breaker (17) is arranged in the through groove and connected to the drill bit body (13) through the fourth bolt (19), and the core breaker (17) can rotate around the fourth bolt (19). When the core breaker (17) rotates towards the inside of the drill bit body (13) around the fourth bolt (19), it is limited by the bottom of the through groove. When the drill tool is lifted, the cutting edge of the core breaker (17) cuts into the ice core or snow core, causing the ice core or snow core to form cracks and disconnect from the original layer. The spring piece (16) is connected to the drill bit body (13) through the third bolt (15) and is used to form a limiting structure when the core breaker (17) rotates outwards around the fourth bolt (19) towards the drill bit body (13). The cutter head (18) is fixed to the bottom inclined surface of the drill bit body (13) through the fifth bolt (20), and at least three groups of cutter heads (18) are provided to cut the ice layer or snow layer at the bottom of the drill tool when the drill bit component (7) rotates and form an annular space for the ice core tube (6) to pass through. The sixth bolt (21) is fixed to the bottom plane of the drill bit body (13) by threading and is used to control the cutting amount of the cutter head (18) during the rotary core drilling process.

9. The shallow ice and snow coring drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spring piece (16) is an elastic metal piece, and its free end contacts the outer surface of the core breaker (17) to provide an elastic resistance for outward rotation.

10. The shallow ice and snow coring drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of threaded holes above the drill bit body (13) is six, and six corresponding second bolts (14) are provided to achieve circumferentially uniform fixation of the ice core tube (6).

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