Dust removal device and method based on strip mine blasting

Abstract

The invention discloses a dust removal device and method based on strip mine blasting, and belongs to the field of strip mine blasting dust governance, the dust removal device comprises a dust removal vehicle, the dust removal vehicle comprises a vehicle head and a flat plate, the flat plate is provided with a water tank and a mounting seat, and the mounting seat is provided with a dust removal mechanism for removing dust; the dust removal mechanism comprises a dust suppression fan set used for suppressing outward diffusion of dust, a lateral high-pressure water mist spraying assembly and a lower high-pressure water mist spraying assembly used for removing dust on the lower front portion of the dust removal vehicle, and the dust suppression fan set is connected with the lifting type high-pressure water mist spraying assembly through a transmission assembly. Dust falling is conducted through the multiple dust removal vehicles arranged in the blasting area in a surrounding mode, the dust suppression fan sets of the dust removal vehicles suppress outward diffusion of dust, and the effect of suppressing dust diffusion can be greatly improved by cooperating with the side high-pressure water mist spraying assemblies; meanwhile, the lifting type high-pressure water mist spraying assembly and the lower high-pressure water mist spraying assembly are used for conducting water mist dust removal on the front portion and the upper portion of the distance and the front lower portion of the dust removal vehicle, and the dust removal effect is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dust control in open-pit mine blasting, and in particular to a dust removal device and method based on open-pit mine blasting. Background Art

[0002] An open-pit mine, also known as open-pit mining or surface mining, is a mining method that directly excavates mineral resources on the surface. This method is usually used to mine ore bodies close to the surface because it is more economical and safe than underground mining. Open-pit mine blasting is a key link in open-pit mining operations, used to break rocks and ores for subsequent excavation and transportation.

[0003] The dust generated during open-pit mine blasting is an important environmental and health issue. Dust is mainly generated in the following stages:

[0004] 1. Blasting instant: When the explosive detonates, the huge pressure and shock wave will crush the ore and rock, generating a large amount of dust. The amount of dust generated is closely related to factors such as the blasting scale, explosive type, ore and rock properties, and geological conditions.

[0005] 2. Secondary dust raising: During the handling and loading of the blasted rock fragments, due to mechanical actions (such as loading operations), wind actions, or vibrations caused by vehicle driving, the dust settled on the surface will be raised again, forming secondary dust raising.

[0006] 3. Transportation process: During the transportation of ore and waste rock, especially if the road is not dust-proofed, vehicle driving will stir up a large amount of dust.

[0007] 4. Crushing and screening: During the further crushing and screening of the blasted rock, due to mechanical impacts and frictions, dust will also be generated. Dust not only pollutes the environment but also poses a threat to the health of workers. Long-term inhalation of dust may lead to lung diseases such as pneumoconiosis. In addition, dust can also affect visibility, increase the risk of traffic accidents, erode mechanical equipment, and even become an explosion hazard under certain conditions.

[0008] In order to control the dust generated during the blasting instant in open-pit mines, currently, a water mist dust suppression vehicle is usually used to spray high-pressure water mist on the blasting area for dust reduction. However, although the water mist dust suppression vehicle can reduce dust, it still cannot inhibit the large amount of dust from spreading outward during the blasting instant in open-pit mines, and the spreading area is larger. The water mist dust suppression vehicle cannot suppress the spread of dust in time, thereby reducing the dust removal and reduction effect. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is to provide a dust removal device and method based on open-pit mine blasting. Dust is reduced by multiple dust removal vehicles surrounding the blasting area. The dust suppression fan group of the dust removal vehicle inhibits the outward diffusion of dust. Cooperating with the side high-pressure water mist spraying assembly can greatly improve the effect of inhibiting dust diffusion. At the same time, the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying assembly and the lower high-pressure water mist spraying assembly perform water mist dust removal on the far front, above, and the front lower part of the dust removal vehicle, greatly improving the dust removal effect.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a dust removal device based on open-pit mine blasting, including a dust removal vehicle. The dust removal vehicle includes a vehicle head and a flat plate. A water tank and a mounting seat are arranged on the flat plate. A dust removal mechanism for dust removal is arranged on the mounting seat. The dust removal mechanism includes a dust suppression fan group arranged at the top end of the mounting seat. The dust suppression fan group is connected to the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying assembly through a transmission component. A side high-pressure water mist spraying assembly and a lower high-pressure water mist spraying assembly are arranged on the mounting seat. A high-pressure water pump is arranged on the mounting seat. The high-pressure water pump is connected to the water tank through a connecting pipe. The high-pressure water pump is respectively connected to the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying assembly, the side high-pressure water mist spraying assembly, and the lower high-pressure water mist spraying assembly through a communicating pipe group.

[0011] Preferably, the dust suppression fan group includes a mounting plate vertically arranged at the top end of the mounting seat. A fan one and several fan twos are arranged on one side of the mounting plate. A protective cover for protection is covered on the fan one and the fan twos. The protective cover is arranged on the mounting plate. A rotating wheel for driving the fan to rotate is arranged on the other side of the mounting plate.

[0012] Preferably, the fan one is arranged at the center of the mounting plate. The fan one includes a blade one and a rotating shaft one. The blade one is uniformly arranged on the rotating shaft one. The rotating shaft one is rotatably arranged on the mounting plate. The center of the rotating wheel is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft one passing through the mounting plate. A meshing tooth is arranged on the outer ring of the rotating wheel.

[0013] Several fan twos are uniformly distributed on a circular curve centered on the fan one. The fan two includes a blade two and a rotating shaft two. The blade two is uniformly arranged on the rotating shaft two. The rotating shaft two is rotatably arranged on the mounting plate. A gear is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft two passing through the mounting plate. The outer ring of the rotating wheel is meshed and connected with the gear.

[0014] Preferably, the transmission component includes a double-groove transmission wheel arranged on the rotating shaft one. The double-groove transmission wheel is in transmission connection with two power wheels arranged on both sides of the mounting plate through a belt. A central shaft is arranged at the center of the power wheel. The central shaft is rotatably connected with the mounting seat. An eccentric wheel with a circular groove is arranged on the central shaft. The central shaft is located at the eccentric position of the eccentric wheel. A cylindrical block is slidably arranged in the circular groove of the eccentric wheel. The cylindrical block is connected to the bottom of the lifting rod. The lifting rod is slidably arranged in the fixed sleeve. The fixed sleeve is connected to the mounting seat through a connecting column.

[0015] Preferably, the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying assembly includes a lifting plate. The bottom end of the lifting plate is connected to the top end of a lifting rod. A sliding block is arranged on one side of the lifting plate. An installation block is arranged on the top end of the mounting seat. A sliding groove adapted to the sliding block is arranged on the installation block. The sliding block is arranged in the sliding groove and is slidably connected to the sliding groove. A plurality of first spray pipes are evenly arranged on the other side of the lifting plate. A plurality of first high-pressure water mist nozzles are horizontally and evenly arranged on the first spray pipes.

[0016] Preferably, the first rotating shaft is connected to the output shaft of the power motor. The power motor is arranged on the installation block.

[0017] Preferably, the side high-pressure water mist spraying assembly includes fixing columns symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting seat. The fixing columns are arranged on the flat plate. A second spray pipe is arranged on the fixing column. A plurality of second high-pressure water mist nozzles are longitudinally and evenly arranged on the second spray pipe.

[0018] Preferably, the lower high-pressure water mist spraying assembly includes a fixing plate arranged at the top end of the vehicle head. The fixing plate is connected to the mounting seat. A hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the mounting seat. The hydraulic rod of the hydraulic cylinder penetrates through the fixing plate and is connected to a fixing rod. A third spray pipe is arranged on the fixing rod. A plurality of third high-pressure water mist nozzles are horizontally and evenly arranged at the lower end of the third spray pipe.

[0019] Preferably, the connecting pipe group includes a first three-way pipe and a second three-way pipe. The first pipe orifice of the first three-way pipe is connected to the high-pressure water pump. The second pipe orifice of the first three-way pipe is connected to the side high-pressure water mist spraying assembly through a water pipe. The third pipe orifice of the first three-way pipe is connected to the first port of the second three-way pipe through a connection port. The second port of the second three-way pipe is connected to the lower high-pressure water mist spraying assembly through a hose. The third port of the second three-way pipe is connected to the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying assembly through a hose.

[0020] The present invention also provides a dust removal method for a dust removal device based on open-pit mine blasting, including the following steps:

[0021] Step 1, a plurality of emulsion water bags filled with water are evenly arranged in the blasting area, and the emulsion water bags are broken by the impact force of blasting for dust reduction;

[0022] Step 2, before blasting, a plurality of dust removal vehicles drive to a target distance from the blasting area, and the dust removal vehicles are evenly arranged around the blasting area;

[0023] Step 3, start the power motor of the transport vehicle, suppress the outward diffusion of dust generated during blasting through the dust suppression fan group, and drive the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying assembly to reciprocally lift through the transmission assembly;

[0024] Step 4: While starting the power motor, start the high-pressure water pump, and convey the water in the water tank to the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying assembly, the side high-pressure water mist spraying assembly, and the lower high-pressure water mist spraying assembly through the connecting pipe group; use the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying assembly to perform dust reduction treatment on the dust far in front of and above the dust removal vehicle, use the side high-pressure water mist spraying assembly to perform dust reduction treatment on the dust on both sides of the dust removal vehicle to inhibit the diffusion of dust, and use the lower high-pressure water mist spraying assembly to perform dust reduction treatment on the dust in front of and below the dust removal vehicle.

[0025] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned dust removal device and method based on open-pit mine blasting, and has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) In the present invention, the dust suppression fan group is driven by the power motor to rotate, inhibiting the outward diffusion of a large amount of dust generated instantaneously during blasting and reducing the degree of diffusion; at the same time, in cooperation with the side high-pressure water mist spraying assembly to perform dust reduction treatment on the side of the dust removal vehicle, it can further reduce the outward diffusion of dust, thereby improving the dust removal effect.

[0027] (2) In the present invention, one power motor cooperates with the transmission assembly to simultaneously drive the dust suppression fan group to rotate and the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying assembly to reciprocate up and down, with a more compact structure and more convenient use; the reciprocating up and down of the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying assembly can achieve dust reduction treatment on the far front and above of the dust removal vehicle, improving the dust removal effect.

[0028] (3) In the present invention, multiple water bags arranged in the blasting area and multiple dust removal vehicles surrounding the blasting area are used for dust reduction treatment, which can further increase the dust removal and suppression effect; the dust suppression fan group of the dust removal vehicle inhibits the outward diffusion of dust, and in cooperation with the side high-pressure water mist spraying assembly, it can greatly enhance the effect of inhibiting dust diffusion. At the same time, through the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying assembly and the lower high-pressure water mist spraying assembly to perform water mist dust removal on the far front, above and in front of and below the dust removal vehicle, the dust removal effect is greatly improved.

[0029] The following further describes the technical solutions of the present invention in detail through the drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the dust removal device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional view of the dust suppression fan group and the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying assembly according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a side view of the dust suppression fan group and the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying assembly according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4Front view of the dust suppression fan group and the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 Rear view of the dust suppression fan group and the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 Schematic structural diagram of the protective cover according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 Schematic structural diagram of the lower high-pressure water mist spraying component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 Top view of the lower high-pressure water mist spraying component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 Schematic structural diagram of the lower high-pressure water mist spraying component and the connecting pipe component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Reference numerals

[0040] 1, dust removal vehicle; 11, vehicle head; 12, flat plate; 13, water tank; 14, mounting seat; 15, high-pressure water pump; 16, mounting block; 2, dust suppression fan group; 21, mounting plate; 22, fan one; 23, fan two; 24, protective cover; 25, rotating wheel; 26, blade one; 27, rotating shaft one; 28, blade two; 29, rotating shaft two; 210, meshing teeth; 211, gear; 212, power motor; 3, transmission component; 31, double-groove transmission wheel; 32, belt; 33, power wheel; 34, central shaft; 35, eccentric wheel; 36, circular groove; 37, cylindrical block; 38, lifting rod; 39, fixed sleeve; 310, connecting column; 4, lifting high-pressure water mist spraying component; 41, lifting plate; 42, sliding block; 43, spray pipe one; 44, high-pressure water mist nozzle one; 5, side high-pressure water mist spraying component; 51, fixed column; 52, spray pipe two; 53, high-pressure water mist nozzle two; 6, lower high-pressure water mist spraying component; 61, fixing plate; 62, hydraulic cylinder; 63, fixed rod; 64, spray pipe three; 65, high-pressure water mist nozzle three; 66, arc pipe support; 7, connecting pipe group; 71, tee pipe one; 72, pipe orifice one; 73, pipe orifice two; 74, pipe orifice three; 75, water pipe; 76, connection port; 77, tee pipe two; 78, port one; 79, port two; 710, port three. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention clearer and more understandable, the following further elaborates on the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in this application without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of this application. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout.

[0042] It should be noted that the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or server that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0043] Similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this invention is customarily placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "set", "install", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] As Figure 1 shown, a dust removal device based on open-pit mine blasting described in the present invention includes a dust removal vehicle 1. The dust removal vehicle 1 includes a vehicle head 11 and a flat plate 12. A water tank 13 and a mounting seat 14 are arranged on the flat plate 12, and a dust removal mechanism for dust removal is arranged on the mounting seat 14. The dust removal vehicle 1 is an existing flat plate type transport truck, and the water tank 13 is fixedly arranged on the flat plate 12 and is used to store water for spray dust removal.

[0047] The dust removal mechanism includes a dust suppression fan group 2 arranged at the top of the mounting base 14. As Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 shown, the dust suppression fan group 2 includes a mounting plate 21 vertically fixed at the top of the mounting base 14. The mounting plate 21 is bolted to the mounting base 14 through a connecting plate. On one side of the mounting plate 21, there is a first fan 22 and several second fans 23. A protective cover 24 for protection is provided over the first fan 22 and the second fans 23, and the protective cover 24 is arranged on the mounting plate 21. On the other side of the mounting plate 21, there is a rotating wheel 25 that drives the fans to rotate. The first fan 22 is arranged at the center of the mounting plate 21. The first fan 22 includes a first blade 26 and a first rotating shaft 27. The first blades 26 are evenly arranged on the first rotating shaft 27. The first rotating shaft 27 is rotatably arranged on the mounting plate 21. The center of the rotating wheel 25 is arranged at one end of the first rotating shaft 27 passing through the mounting plate 21, and a meshing tooth 210 is arranged on the outer ring of the rotating wheel 25. The first rotating shaft 27 is connected to the output shaft of the power motor 212. A mounting block 16 is arranged at the top of the mounting base 14, and the power motor 212 is arranged on the mounting block 16. The several second fans 23 are evenly distributed on a circular curve centered on the first fan 22. The second fan 23 includes a second blade 28 and a second rotating shaft 29. The second blades 28 are evenly arranged on the second rotating shaft 29. The second rotating shaft 29 is rotatably arranged on the mounting plate 21. A gear 211 is arranged at one end of the second rotating shaft 29 passing through the mounting plate 21, and the outer ring of the rotating wheel 25 is meshed and connected with the gear 211.

[0048] The output shaft of the power motor 212 drives the first rotating shaft 27 to rotate, thereby driving the first fan 22 to rotate. The rotation of the first rotating shaft 27 drives the rotating wheel 25 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating wheel 25 drives a plurality of gears 211 to rotate through the meshing teeth 210 on the outer ring, thereby driving the second fans 23 to rotate, blowing the dust in front of the dust removal vehicle 1 inward and suppressing the outward diffusion of the dust. As Figure 6 shown, the protective cover 24 is provided with a cover net with a plurality of holes, which is used to protect the blades of the first fan 22 and the second fans 23, and at the same time can prevent the first fan 22 and the second fans 23 from causing danger to the staff when rotating.

[0049] As Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown in the figure, the dust suppression fan group 2 is connected to the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying component 4 through the transmission component 3. The transmission component 3 includes a double-groove transmission wheel 31 arranged on the first rotating shaft 27. The double-groove transmission wheel 31 is drivingly connected to two power wheels 33 arranged on both sides of the mounting plate 21 through a belt 32. While the first rotating shaft 27 is rotating, the double-groove transmission wheel 31 drives the power wheels 33 to rotate through the belt 32. A central shaft 34 is arranged at the center of the power wheel 33, and the central shaft 34 is rotatably connected to the mounting seat 14. An eccentric wheel 35 with a circular groove 36 is arranged on the central shaft 34, and the central shaft 34 is located at the eccentric position of the eccentric wheel 35. A cylindrical block 37 is slidably arranged in the circular groove of the eccentric wheel 35, and the cylindrical block 37 is connected to the bottom of the lifting rod 38. The lifting rod 38 is slidably arranged in the fixed sleeve 39, and the fixed sleeve 39 is connected to the mounting seat 14 through a connecting column 310. The lifting high-pressure water mist spraying component 4 includes a lifting plate 41, and the bottom end of the lifting plate 41 is connected to the top end of the lifting rod 38. A sliding block 42 is arranged on one side of the lifting plate 41, and a sliding groove adapted to the sliding block 42 is arranged on the mounting block 16. The sliding block 42 is arranged in the sliding groove and is slidably connected to the sliding groove. A plurality of first spray pipes 43 are evenly arranged on the other side of the lifting plate 41, and a plurality of high-pressure water mist nozzles 44 are horizontally and evenly arranged on the first spray pipes 43.

[0050] The first rotating shaft 27 drives the double-groove transmission wheel 31 to rotate. The rotation of the double-groove transmission wheel 31 drives the eccentric wheel 35 to rotate through the belt 32. Since the central shaft 34 of the double-groove transmission wheel 31 is connected to the eccentric position of the eccentric wheel 35, during the rotation process, the cylindrical block 37 slides in the circular groove 36 of the eccentric wheel 35, thereby driving the lifting rod 38 to move up and down in the fixed sleeve 39, converting the rotation into a reciprocating lifting motion. The lifting rod 38 makes a reciprocating lifting motion, driving the lifting plate 41 to make a reciprocating lifting motion. The lifting plate 41 drives the first spray pipes 43 thereon to move, and the movement of the first spray pipes 43 drives the high-pressure water mist nozzles 44 to move. The high-pressure water mist nozzles 44 spray water mist, and thus can perform dust removal treatment on the blasting area within the range far in front of and above the dust removal vehicle 1. During the lifting process of the lifting plate 41, the sliding block 42 of the lifting plate 41 slides in the sliding groove on the mounting block 16, improving the stability of the lifting of the lifting plate 41.

[0051] As Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9As shown in the figure, a side high-pressure water mist spraying assembly 5 and a lower high-pressure water mist spraying assembly 6 are arranged on the mounting base 14. The side high-pressure water mist spraying assembly 5 includes fixing columns 51 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting base 14, and the fixing columns 51 are arranged on the flat plate 12. A second spray pipe 52 is arranged on the fixing column 51, and a number of second high-pressure water mist nozzles 53 are longitudinally and evenly distributed on the second spray pipe 52. The lower high-pressure water mist spraying assembly 6 includes a fixing plate 61 arranged at the top end of the vehicle head 11, and the fixing plate 61 is connected to the mounting base 14. A hydraulic cylinder 62 is arranged on the mounting base 14, the hydraulic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 62 penetrates through the fixing plate 61 and is connected to a fixing rod 63, a third spray pipe 64 is arranged on the fixing rod 63, and a number of third high-pressure water mist nozzles 65 are horizontally and evenly distributed at the lower end of the third spray pipe 64. A high-pressure water pump 15 is arranged on the mounting base 14, the high-pressure water pump 15 is connected to the water tank 13 through a connecting pipe, and the high-pressure water pump 15 is connected to the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying assembly 4, the side high-pressure water mist spraying assembly 5, and the lower high-pressure water mist spraying assembly 6 respectively through a connecting pipe group 7. The connecting pipe group 7 includes a first three-way pipe 71 and a second three-way pipe 77. The first port 72 of the first three-way pipe 71 is connected to the high-pressure water pump 15, the second port 73 of the first three-way pipe 71 is connected to the second spray pipe 52 of the side high-pressure water mist spraying assembly 5 through a water pipe 75, and the third port 74 of the first three-way pipe 71 is connected to the first port 78 of the second three-way pipe 77 through a connection port 76. The second port 79 of the second three-way pipe 77 is connected to the third spray pipe 64 of the lower high-pressure water mist spraying assembly 6 through a hose, and the third port 710 of the second three-way pipe 77 is connected to the first spray pipe 43 of the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying assembly 4 through a hose.

[0052] The side high-pressure water mist spraying assembly 5 sprays the dust on the side of the dust removal vehicle 1 through the second high-pressure water mist nozzles 53 to further inhibit the outward diffusion of the dust. The hydraulic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 62 can slide in the mounting plate 21, the hydraulic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 62 drives the fixing rod 63 to extend forward, and then drives the second high-pressure water mist nozzles 53 to extend forward to perform dust removal treatment on the front lower part of the dust removal vehicle 1.

[0053] The first spray pipe 43, the second spray pipe 52, and the third spray pipe 64 are tightly connected through an arc-shaped pipe bracket 66, and the arc-shaped pipe bracket 66 is connected to the lifting plate 41 and the fixing rod 63 respectively through bolts. Through the high-pressure water pump 15 and the connecting pipe group 7, the water in the water tank 13 can be conveyed to the first spray pipe 43, the second spray pipe 52, and the third spray pipe 64 and sprayed out from the first high-pressure water mist nozzles 44, the second high-pressure water mist nozzles 53, and the third high-pressure water mist nozzles 65. The first high-pressure water mist nozzles 44, the second high-pressure water mist nozzles 53, and the third high-pressure water mist nozzles 65 all adopt existing nozzle structures and can rotate to adjust the spraying angle.

[0054] The dust removal method of a dust removal device based on open-pit mine blasting according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0055] Step 1: Uniformly arrange a number of emulsion water bags filled with water in the blasting area, and use the impact force of blasting to rupture the emulsion water bags for dust reduction. This dust reduction, combined with the dust reduction treatment of the dust removal vehicle 1, can greatly improve the dust removal effect.

[0056] Step 2: Before blasting, several dust removal vehicles 1 drive to the target distance from the blasting area, and the dust removal vehicles 1 are evenly arranged around the periphery of the blasting area.

[0057] Step 3: Start the power motor 212 of the transport vehicle, use the dust suppression fan group 2 to suppress the outward diffusion of dust generated during blasting, and drive the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying assembly 4 to reciprocate up and down through the transmission assembly 3.

[0058] Step 4: When starting the power motor 212, start the high-pressure water pump 15, and convey the water in the water tank 13 to the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying assembly 4, the side high-pressure water mist spraying assembly 5, and the lower high-pressure water mist spraying assembly 6 through the connecting pipe group 7; use the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying assembly 4 to perform dust reduction treatment on the dust far in front of and above the dust removal vehicle 1, use the side high-pressure water mist spraying assembly 5 to perform dust reduction treatment on the dust on both sides of the dust removal vehicle 1 to suppress the diffusion of dust, and use the lower high-pressure water mist spraying assembly 6 to perform dust reduction treatment on the dust in front of and below the dust removal vehicle 1.

[0059] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned dust removal device and method based on open-pit mine blasting, performs dust reduction through multiple dust removal vehicles 1 surrounding the blasting area, uses the dust suppression fan group 2 of the dust removal vehicle 1 to suppress the outward diffusion of dust, and can greatly improve the effect of suppressing dust diffusion in cooperation with the side high-pressure water mist spraying assembly 5. At the same time, through the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying assembly 4 and the lower high-pressure water mist spraying assembly 6, water mist dust removal is carried out on the far front, above, and in front of and below the dust removal vehicle 1, greatly improving the dust removal effect.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify or equivalently replace the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent replacements do not make the modified technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust removal device based on open-pit mine blasting, characterized in that: It includes a dust removal vehicle, which consists of a cab and a flatbed. A water tank and a mounting seat are arranged on the flatbed, and a dust removal mechanism for dust removal is set on the mounting seat. The dust removal mechanism includes a dust suppression fan group arranged at the top of the mounting seat. The dust suppression fan group is connected to a lifting type high-pressure water mist spraying component through a transmission component. A side high-pressure water mist spraying component and a lower high-pressure water mist spraying component are arranged on the mounting seat. A high-pressure water pump is arranged on the mounting seat. The high-pressure water pump is connected to the water tank through a connecting pipe, and the high-pressure water pump is respectively connected to the lifting type high-pressure water mist spraying component, the side high-pressure water mist spraying component, and the lower high-pressure water mist spraying component through a connecting pipe group.

2. The dust removal device based on open-pit mine blasting according to claim 1, wherein: The dust suppression fan group includes a mounting plate vertically arranged at the top of the mounting seat. On one side of the mounting plate, there is a fan one and several fan twos. A protective cover for protection is covered on the fan one and the fan twos. The protective cover is arranged on the mounting plate. On the other side of the mounting plate, there is a rotating wheel for driving the fans to rotate.

3. The dust removal device based on open-pit mine blasting according to claim 2, wherein: The fan one is arranged at the center of the mounting plate. The fan one includes a blade one and a rotating shaft one. The blade one is evenly arranged on the rotating shaft one. The rotating shaft one is rotatably arranged on the mounting plate. The center of the rotating wheel is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft one passing through the mounting plate. The outer circle of the rotating wheel is provided with meshing teeth. Several fan twos are evenly distributed on a circular curve centered on the fan one. The fan two includes a blade two and a rotating shaft two. The blade two is evenly arranged on the rotating shaft two. The rotating shaft two is rotatably arranged on the mounting plate. One end of the rotating shaft two passing through the mounting plate is provided with a gear. The outer circle of the rotating wheel is meshed and connected with the gear.

4. The dust removal device based on open-pit mine blasting according to claim 3, wherein: The transmission component includes a double-groove transmission wheel arranged on the rotating shaft one. The double-groove transmission wheel is in transmission connection with two power wheels arranged on both sides of the mounting plate through a belt. The center of the power wheel is provided with a central shaft. The central shaft is rotatably connected to the mounting seat. An eccentric wheel with a circular groove is arranged on the central shaft. The central shaft is located at the eccentric position of the eccentric wheel. A cylindrical block is slidably arranged in the circular groove of the eccentric wheel. The cylindrical block is connected to the bottom of the lifting rod. The lifting rod is slidably arranged in a fixed sleeve. The fixed sleeve is connected to the mounting seat through a connecting column.

5. The dust removal device based on open-pit mine blasting according to claim 4, wherein: The lifting type high-pressure water mist spraying component includes a lifting plate. The bottom end of the lifting plate is connected to the top end of the lifting rod. On one side of the lifting plate, there is a sliding block. On the top end of the mounting seat, there is a mounting block. A sliding groove adapted to the sliding block is arranged on the mounting block. The sliding block is arranged in the sliding groove and is slidably connected to the sliding groove. On the other side of the lifting plate, several spray pipes one are evenly distributed. Several high-pressure water mist nozzles one are horizontally and evenly distributed on the spray pipe one.

6. The dust removal device based on open-pit mine blasting according to claim 5, wherein: The rotating shaft one is connected to the output shaft of a power motor. The power motor is arranged on the mounting block.

7. The dust removal device based on open-pit mine blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side high-pressure water mist spraying component includes fixed columns symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting seat. The fixed columns are arranged on the flatbed. Spray pipes two are arranged on the fixed columns. Several high-pressure water mist nozzles two are longitudinally and evenly distributed on the spray pipes two.

8. The dust removal device based on open-pit mine blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower high-pressure water mist spraying component includes a fixing plate arranged at the top of the cab. The fixing plate is connected to the mounting seat. A hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the mounting seat. The hydraulic rod of the hydraulic cylinder penetrates through the fixing plate and is connected to a fixed rod. Spray pipes three are arranged on the fixed rod. Several high-pressure water mist nozzles three are horizontally and evenly distributed at the lower end of the spray pipes three.

9. The dust removal device based on open-pit mine blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting pipe group includes a first three-way pipe and a second three-way pipe. The first pipe orifice of the first three-way pipe is connected to a high-pressure water pump. The second pipe orifice of the first three-way pipe is connected to a side high-pressure water mist spraying assembly through a water pipe. The third pipe orifice of the first three-way pipe is connected to the first port of the second three-way pipe through a connection port. The second port of the second three-way pipe is connected to a lower high-pressure water mist spraying assembly through a hose. The third port of the second three-way pipe is connected to a lifting high-pressure water mist spraying assembly through a hose.

10. A dust removal method for a dust removal device based on open-pit mine blasting according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1: Uniformly arrange a number of water-filled emulsion glue bags in the blasting area, and use the impact force of blasting to break the emulsion glue bags for dust reduction. Step 2: Before blasting, drive several dust removal vehicles to a target distance from the blasting area, and the dust removal vehicles are evenly arranged around the blasting area. Step 3: Start the power motor of the dust removal vehicle, suppress the outward diffusion of dust generated during blasting through the dust suppression fan group, and drive the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying assembly to reciprocate up and down through the transmission assembly. Step 4: While starting the power motor, start the high-pressure water pump, and convey the water in the water tank to the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying assembly, the side high-pressure water mist spraying assembly, and the lower high-pressure water mist spraying assembly through the connecting pipe group; perform dust reduction treatment on the dust in the far front and above of the dust removal vehicle through the lifting high-pressure water mist spraying assembly, perform dust reduction treatment on the dust on both sides of the dust removal vehicle through the side high-pressure water mist spraying assembly to suppress the diffusion of dust, and perform dust reduction treatment on the dust in the front lower part of the dust removal vehicle through the lower high-pressure water mist spraying assembly.

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