Folding air bag device for blocking train fire smoke in tunnel and using method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel disaster prevention and rescue, in particular to a folding air bag device for blocking train fire smoke in a tunnel and a using method. Comprising a train composed of a cab and a plurality of carriages and further comprises a plurality of folding type air bag devices of the same structure, and the folding type air bag devices are sequentially arranged at intervals from the head ends to the tail ends of the carriages and fixed to the tops of the carriages. When a fire occurs, the folding air bag device blocks smoke to form an effective isolation layer, and evacuation time is prolonged for passengers in a carriage which is not on fire; the system has the advantages of quick response and efficient smoke blocking, can effectively prolong the available safe evacuation time of passengers in a carriage without fire, and reduces the harm of fire smoke to the passengers; and the safety and the reliability of the train in a railway tunnel fire accident are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel disaster prevention and rescue, and particularly relates to a folding airbag device for blocking train fire smoke in a tunnel and a using method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Train fire accidents frequently occur in railway tunnels at home and abroad. With the increase in the length of railway tunnels, the increase in driving speed and density, the risk and probability of train fire accidents in railway tunnels increase; railway tunnels are long and narrow structures with complex environments. The evacuation and rescue of people after a fire are key issues to be considered in railway tunnel disaster prevention; when a fire occurs during train operation, the fire will spread rapidly, and the oxygen-deficient environment in the tunnel will generate a large amount of smoke. The smoke has high toxicity and is difficult to control. The density of the train population is high, the tunnel escape route is long, and the external rescue is difficult, and the external fire fighting and rescue operations are limited; if we want to minimize the loss of people's lives and property caused by tunnel train fires, the smoke prevention and control design in the tunnel is extremely important.

[0003] At present, the control of railway tunnel smoke is mainly achieved through the smoke exhaust system of the rescue station; when a fire occurs, the train preferentially travels to the railway rescue station for evacuating passengers; the rescue station is equipped with a smoke exhaust system and a ventilation system, which can discharge the fire smoke after the fire occurs to ensure the safety of passengers; in addition, in view of the smoke spread after a fire occurs, an air curtain and a fine water mist system are often used to block the smoke; the air curtain forms a barrier by ejecting a strong air flow to effectively block the upward spread of the smoke and create a good environment for personnel evacuation; the fine water mist system sprays fine water mist droplets into the air through special nozzles and uses multiple mechanisms such as physical cooling, oxygen dilution, and soot adsorption to block the smoke diffusion. In addition to the above traditional smoke exhaust and smoke blocking methods, some scholars have also proposed some fixed smoke separation systems, such as an inflatable airbag smoke separation barrier, for temporarily blocking the smoke diffusion.

[0004] In railway tunnel fire accidents, although the currently applied smoke control technologies can alleviate the threat of smoke to passenger safety to a certain extent, there are still many deficiencies; first, using the smoke exhaust system of the rescue station as a smoke exhaust measure is restricted by some external conditions; due to the unpredictability of the fire and the uncertainty of the train power persistence, the train is very likely unable to smoothly travel to the rescue station for personnel evacuation; in addition, the fire prevention facilities and smoke exhaust system inside the rescue station may be in disrepair and lack maintenance for a long time, which will affect their effectiveness during a fire and thus cannot guarantee the safety of passengers' lives; at the same time, the establishment of the rescue station will also increase the cost of tunnel construction, and due to the special facility requirements of the rescue station, its maintenance and upkeep during the long-term operation of the tunnel will also bring additional expenses.

[0005] The air curtain for smoke prevention also has drawbacks in practical applications. In terms of anti-interference ability, the environmental wind and piston wind in the tunnel will significantly reduce the smoke prevention efficiency of the air curtain and weaken its smoke prevention effect. In terms of smoke prevention performance, when the air curtain is used alone, it can only block the spread of smoke for a short time, and it needs to be used in coordination with the smoke exhaust system to achieve better smoke control effect. In addition, for high-concentration smoke, the momentum of the air curtain is not enough to completely block it, and the smoke may penetrate the air curtain. The smoke prevention of the fine water mist system is more significantly affected by external conditions. The piston wind and cross wind in the tunnel will disperse the water mist and affect the smoke prevention effect. On the other hand, in order to ensure the particle size of the sprayed water mist, the specially designed nozzle has higher requirements for water quality. In low-temperature and cold regions, under the condition of ensuring the normal operation of the fine water mist, the water storage tank needs to have a heat preservation function, and these problems limit the use of the fine water mist system. In addition, there are also some problems with setting smoke prevention measures inside the carriage. The formation of the air curtain requires a high-speed fan to continuously blow air. Therefore, as long as the air curtain is turned on, fresh air needs to be continuously supplied, but there is a lack of fresh air source in the fire, so it is impossible to stably block the spread of smoke.

[0006] The fixed inflatable smoke isolation system is non-vehicle-mounted. By setting multiple fixed positions in the tunnel, an effective isolation barrier can be formed to block the spread of smoke. However, the disadvantages of this method are very obvious. First of all, the fixed inflatable smoke isolation system needs to set multiple fixed installation points in the tunnel, carry out a large amount of basic construction and equipment deployment, resulting in a large investment cost, and the installation and maintenance are complex, which is not conducive to long-term operation and management. Secondly, such fixed barriers cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the fire occurrence point or the evacuation needs of personnel, and there are limitations of low space utilization rate and poor adaptability. Especially in long-distance tunnels, setting a large number of fixed smoke isolation facilities is not only economically unfeasible, but also will seriously affect the normal passage and operation efficiency of the tunnel.

[0007] In summary, the existing smoke control technologies have their own limitations in practical applications. It is urgent to explore more effective smoke control methods to improve the safety and reliability of trains in railway tunnel fires. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention aims to solve the above problems, and thus provides a folding airbag device for blocking the smoke of a train fire in a tunnel and a use method thereof. When the folding airbag device of the present invention encounters a fire, it will block the smoke to form an effective isolation layer, increasing the evacuation time for passengers in the non-fire compartments; it has the advantages of rapid response and high-efficiency smoke prevention, can effectively extend the available safe evacuation time for passengers in the non-fire compartments, reduce the harm of fire smoke to passengers; and improve the safety and reliability of trains in railway tunnel fires.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is: A folding airbag device for blocking the fire smoke of trains in tunnels, including a train composed of a driver's cab and multiple carriages, and further including a number of folding airbag devices with the same structure. The number of folding airbag devices are arranged at intervals in sequence from the head end to the tail end of the multiple carriages and are all fixed on the top of the carriages. The folding airbag device includes an airbag storage box, which is fixed on the top of the carriage and includes an upper accommodation part and a lower accommodation part that are hollow inside and connected up and down. A compensation airbag and a main airbag are arranged from top to bottom in the upper accommodation part. The compensation airbag and the main airbag are connected. An inflation system connected to the main airbag is also arranged on the airbag storage box. An airbag device switch located in the driver's cab is jointly connected to the airbag storage box and the inflation system. The lower accommodation part is a closed and hollow long box body. The upper accommodation part includes a left folding plate, a right folding plate, a front folding plate, and a rear folding plate. The left folding plate, the right folding plate, the front folding plate, and the rear folding plate are respectively vertically fixed on the left side, right side, front side, and rear side of the upper surface of the long box body. The front folding plate and the rear folding plate cooperate to close the top of the upper accommodation part. Connecting ropes are connected to both the left side and the right side of the main airbag. The other ends of the two connecting ropes are respectively bolted to connecting rings fixed on the left folding plate and the right folding plate. The two connecting rings are both located on the inner sides of the left folding plate and the right folding plate. Electromagnetic locks for jointly opening the left folding plate, the right folding plate, the front folding plate, and the rear folding plate are arranged on both the left folding plate and the right folding plate. A first switch jointly connected to the two electromagnetic locks is arranged on the airbag device switch.

[0010] Further, the inflation system includes a primary inflation component, and the primary inflation component includes at least one chemical gas generator storage box. The chemical gas generator storage box is arranged at the bottom inside the main airbag. The chemical gas generator storage box includes a closed and hollow box body. A chemical gas generator and an electric blasting tube are arranged in the box body. A connecting wire is connected to the electric blasting tube, and the other end of the connecting wire is connected to a central controller located in the lower accommodation part.

[0011] Further, the central controller includes a signal receiving module and a control circuit. The signal receiving module and the control circuit are connected. The control circuit is connected to the electric blasting tube through the connecting wire. A second switch connected to the signal receiving module is arranged on the airbag device switch.

[0012] Further, the inflation system further includes a secondary inflation component. The secondary inflation component includes two pressure sensors, both of which are arranged at the bottom inside the main airbag. Independent wires are connected to both of the two pressure sensors, and the other ends of the two independent wires are commonly connected to a programmable controller arranged in the lower accommodation part. An electric scroll pump located in the lower accommodation part is connected to the programmable controller, and a stainless-steel inflation pipe communicating with the main airbag is connected to the electric scroll pump. The programmable controller is connected to a second switch on the airbag device switch.

[0013] Further, both the compensation airbag and the main airbag are of a layered composite structure, including an inner layer, a middle layer, and an outer layer. The inner layer is a polyurethane material layer, the middle layer is a Kevlar grid reinforcement layer, and the outer layer is a composite layer composed of an aramid fiber base cloth and a ceramized silicone rubber coating.

[0014] Further, the unfolded cross-section of the compensation airbag is in an arched structure, and the unfolded cross-section of the main airbag is in an arch structure. The arc-shaped lower bottom surface of the compensation airbag fits and is connected to the arc-shaped upper surface of the main airbag, and the arc-shaped upper surface of the compensation airbag is adapted to the radian of the tunnel vault.

[0015] Further, a concave accommodation groove is commonly arranged on the compensation airbag and the main airbag. The accommodation groove is located at the arc top of the main airbag and penetrates and divides the compensation airbag into left and right parts from bottom to top.

[0016] Further, opening and closing airbag doors are arranged at the lower parts on the left and right sides of the main airbag.

[0017] A usage method of a folding airbag device for blocking train fire smoke in a tunnel includes the following steps: S1. After a train fire occurs, the data of the smoke, temperature, and flame sensors on the train will be transmitted to the control system on the train. The control system confirms the fire according to the preset parameters of the smoke concentration and temperature change, locates the carriage where the ignition point is located, and feeds back the carriage position information to the driver's cab of the train; S2. Subsequently, the train conductor makes a decision according to the fire situation of the train, activates the train brake, and the train slowly decelerates until it stops; S3. Then the train conductor activates the first switch on the airbag device switch, and the two electromagnetic locks on the folding airbag device spring open the left folding plate, the right folding plate, the front folding plate, and the rear folding plate. During this process, the left folding plate and the right folding plate pull the main airbag and the compensation airbag to both sides of the carriage through the connecting pull rings and connecting ropes; S4. When the train conductor activates the first switch, the second switch is synchronously activated, thereby starting the inflation system. Subsequently, the primary inflation component starts the inflation work, so that the main airbag and the compensation airbag quickly expand and unfold, thereby forming a blocking barrier with the main airbag and the compensation airbag; S5. Next, the secondary inflation component starts the inflation work. During this process, the electric scroll pump and the pressure sensor are used in combination to ensure that the main airbag and the compensation airbag are inflated to fit the tunnel cross-section, achieving the isolation of the flue gas and ensuring the safe evacuation of passengers. S6. During the deployment process of the main airbag and the compensation airbag, the evacuation work also starts simultaneously. When the carriage door is opened, the passenger crew uses the built-in broadcast system of the train to guide the passengers to evacuate outside the train. The passengers within the blocked area push open the opening and closing airbag door to evacuate, while the passengers far from the blocked area evacuate towards the safe area synchronously.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the prominent features of the present invention adopting the above technical solution are as follows: When a fire breaks out in the present invention's folding airbag device and the flue gas in the carriage spreads to the adjacent carriage, the main airbag and the compensation airbag deploy rapidly, thus forming an effective isolation layer by blocking the flue gas, increasing the evacuation time for the passengers in the non-fire carriage; it has the advantages of rapid response and efficient smoke blocking, can effectively extend the available safe evacuation time for the passengers in the non-fire carriage, and reduce the harm of fire flue gas to the passengers. In addition, the inflation system that supplies gas to the main airbag and the compensation airbag adopts a multi-stage inflation response measure, which can rapidly inflate after the folding airbag device is opened, fill the gap between the tunnel and the fire carriage, and then achieve the effective blocking of the flue gas, striving for precious time for emergency evacuation; furthermore, the safety and reliability of the train in railway tunnel fire accidents are improved through the folding airbag device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the blocking effect of the folding airbag device of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the folding airbag device of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the folding airbag device of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the folding airbag device of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 5 is an unfolded schematic diagram of the upper accommodating part of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 6 is an unfolded schematic diagram of the upper accommodating part of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 7 is an unfolded schematic diagram of the upper accommodating part of the present invention Figure 3 ; In the figure: 1, carriage; 2, folding airbag device; 3, airbag storage box; 4, upper accommodating part; 5, lower accommodating part; 6, compensation airbag; 7, main airbag; 8, accommodating groove; 9, airbag device switch; 10, left folding plate; 11, right folding plate; 12, front folding plate; 13, rear folding plate; 14, connecting pull ring; 15, connecting pull rope; 16, chemical gas generator storage box; 17, programmable editing controller; 18, electric vortex; 19, pressure sensor; 20, central controller; 21, stainless steel inflatable tube; 22, opening and closing airbag door. Detailed implementation mode

[0020] Through the following description of the embodiments, it will be more helpful for the public to understand the present invention. However, the specific embodiments given by the applicant should not and should not be regarded as a limitation to the technical solution of the present invention. Any change in the definition of components or technical features and / or any formal rather than substantial transformation of the overall structure should be regarded as the protection scope defined by the technical solution of the present invention.

[0021] See Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A folding airbag device for blocking the fire smoke of trains in tunnels, including a train composed of a driver's cab and multiple carriages 1. The number of the carriages 1 is determined according to actual needs. It also includes several folding airbag devices 2 with the same structure. The number of the folding airbag devices 2 is determined according to the number of the carriages 1. The several folding airbag devices 2 are arranged at intervals in sequence from the head end to the tail end of the multiple carriages 1 and are all fixed on the top of the carriage 1. A folding airbag device 2 is installed at each of the head end and the tail end of the multiple carriages 1 arranged together, and a folding airbag device 2 is installed on every two carriages 1 among the remaining carriages 1; The folding airbag device 2 includes an airbag storage box 3. The airbag storage box 3 is fixed on the top of the carriage 1 and includes two parts, an upper accommodating part 4 and a lower accommodating part 5. The upper accommodating part 4 and the lower accommodating part 5 are connected up and down, and both the upper accommodating part 4 and the lower accommodating part 5 are hollow inside. A compensation airbag 6 and a main airbag 7 are arranged from top to bottom in the upper accommodating part 4. The compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 are communicated with each other, and the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 are folded and installed in the upper accommodating part 4; In addition, both the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 are of a layered composite structure, including an inner layer, a middle layer, and an outer layer. The inner layer is a polyurethane material layer to improve the airtightness of the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7. The middle layer is a Kevlar grid reinforcement layer to improve the tensile strength of the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7. The outer layer is a composite layer composed of an aramid fiber base cloth and a ceramized silicone rubber coating to ensure that the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 can still maintain good performance in a high-temperature environment and prevent the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 from being damaged by high-temperature flue gas. The unfolded cross-section of the compensation airbag 6 is in an arched structure, and the unfolded cross-section of the main airbag 7 is in an arch structure. The structural settings of the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 can fit better with the tunnel, improving the plugging effect of the flue gas. The arc-shaped lower bottom surface of the compensation airbag 6 is in contact with and connected to the arc-shaped upper surface of the main airbag 7. The arc-shaped upper surface of the compensation airbag 6 is adapted to the radian of the tunnel vault, and the compensation airbag 6 plugs the gap between the main airbag 7 and the tunnel. An inwardly concave accommodating groove 8 is commonly provided on the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7. The accommodating groove 8 is located at the apex of the main airbag 7 and penetrates and divides the compensation airbag 6 into left and right parts from bottom to top. The accommodating groove 8 can accommodate the pantograph contact wire to prevent the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 from damaging the pantograph contact wire during the inflation process. At the same time, the accommodating groove 8 can not only ensure the integration of the structures of the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7, but also squeeze the separated parts of the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 together after inflation, effectively preventing flue gas leakage. Opening and closing airbag doors 22 are provided at the lower parts on the left and right sides of the main airbag 7. The areas on the left and right sides of the main airbag 7 with a width of 1 meter and a height of 2 meters are optimized by reducing the thickness of this area and opening a groove at a height of 2 meters, thus forming the opening and closing airbag doors 22, which facilitates the rapid evacuation of passengers in the blocked area compartment 1. Passengers can not only easily push it, but also when no one pushes open the opening and closing airbag doors 22, the air pressure inside the main airbag 7 will automatically restore the opening and closing airbag doors 22. In this way, it can not only ensure the plugging effect of the main airbag 7 and prevent flue gas leakage, but also provide a convenient evacuation passage when needed. Among them, the folding process of the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 is as follows: During folding, first pull the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 that droop to both sides of the compartment 1 down to the lowest position, so that the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 on the roof are in close contact with the bottom of the upper accommodating part 4. Then, fold the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 that droop on both sides of the compartment 1 upwards to the middle of the upper accommodating part 4, forming two "Z"-shaped diagonal lines. Then fold the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 towards the other end, making the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 present as two "Z" shapes, and repeat this process. Finally, longitudinally compress the folded compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 to ensure that the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 can be completely placed inside the upper accommodating part 4. An inflation system is also provided on the airbag storage box 3. The inflation system is communicated with the main airbag 7. An airbag device switch 9 located in the driver's cab is commonly connected to the airbag storage box 3 and the inflation system. The lower accommodation part 5 is a closed long box body with a hollow interior. The foldable airbag device 2 is fixed to the top of the carriage 1 through the long box body. The upper accommodation part 4 includes a left folding plate 10, a right folding plate 11, a front folding plate 12 and a rear folding plate 13. The left folding plate 10, the right folding plate 11, the front folding plate 12 and the rear folding plate 13 are vertically fixed to the left side, right side, front side and rear side of the upper surface of the long box body respectively. Thus, the left folding plate 10, the right folding plate 11, the front folding plate 12 and the rear folding plate 13 jointly form the upper accommodation part 4, and the front folding plate 12 and the rear folding plate 13 cooperate to close the top of the upper accommodation part. Connecting ropes 15 are connected to both the left side and the right side of the main airbag 7. The other ends of the two connecting ropes 15 are bolted to connecting rings 14 respectively fixed on the left folding plate 10 and the right folding plate 11. Both of the two connecting rings 14 are located on the inner sides of the left folding plate 10 and the right folding plate 11. Electromagnetic locks for jointly opening the left folding plate 10, the right folding plate 11, the front folding plate 12 and the rear folding plate 13 are provided on both the left folding plate 10 and the right folding plate 11. A first switch is provided on the airbag device switch 9. The first switch is connected to the two electromagnetic locks. After receiving the opening signal from the first switch, the two electromagnetic locks can be unlocked, and then the left folding plate 10 and the right folding plate 11 are sprung open, and synchronously drive the front folding plate 12 and the rear folding plate 13 to unfold, so that the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 unfold to the left and right sides of the carriage 1.

[0022] The inflation system includes a primary inflation component. The primary inflation component includes three chemical gas generator storage boxes 16. The three chemical gas generator storage boxes 16 are all fixed to the bottom inside the main airbag 7. The chemical gas generator storage box 16 includes a closed and hollow box body. Chemical gas generator is filled in the box body. An electric blasting tube is arranged in the chemical gas generator. A connecting wire is connected to the electric blasting tube. The other end of the connecting wire is connected to a central controller 20 located in the lower accommodation part 5. The electric blasting tubes in the three chemical gas generator boxes are connected through three independent wires respectively. This structural design ensures that the triggering of each electric blasting tube can be independently controlled, thus ensuring safety. The central controller 20 includes a signal receiving module and a control circuit. The signal receiving module is connected to the control circuit. The control circuit is connected to the electric blasting tube through the connecting wire. A second switch is provided on the airbag device switch 9. The second switch is connected to the signal receiving module. After the second switch is started, a start signal is transmitted to the electric blasting tube. The electric blasting tube is triggered by receiving the start signal, and the chemical gas generator quickly expands the volumes of the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 to 80%, ensuring that the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 form a basic blocking barrier in the shortest time. The inflation system further includes a secondary inflation component, which includes two pressure sensors 19. Both of the two pressure sensors 19 are fixed at the bottom inside the main airbag 7. Both of the two pressure sensors 19 are used to detect the internal pressure of the airbag in real time, so as to analyze and compensate the contact pressure between the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 and the tunnel wall surface, so as to ensure the smoke blocking effect of the foldable airbag device 2. And the configuration of using two pressure sensors 19 can ensure reliability. If one of the pressure sensors 19 fails, the other pressure sensor 19 can continue to provide pressure data, so as to ensure that the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 are maintained within the optimal working pressure range. Independent wires are connected to both of the two pressure sensors 19. The other ends of the two independent wires are commonly connected to a programmable controller 17. The programmable controller 17 is installed in the lower accommodating part 5. An electric scroll 18 pump is connected to the programmable controller 17. The electric scroll 18 pump is installed in the lower accommodating part 5. A stainless steel inflation pipe 21 is connected to the electric scroll 18 pump. The stainless steel inflation pipe 21 is communicated with the main airbag 7. The programmable controller 17 is connected to the second switch; after receiving the real-time pressure data from the two pressure sensors 19, the programmable controller 17 can control the electric scroll 18 pump to adjust. For example, when it is monitored that the inflation amount is insufficient, the programmable controller 17 will send a start signal to the electric scroll 18 pump, and when the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 are full, the programmable controller 17 will send a stop signal to the electric scroll 18 pump; in addition, the inflation system adopts a multi-stage inflation design, combining a chemical gas generator and an electric scroll 18 pump, so as to realize the rapid inflation of the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 and improve the inflation efficiency; in addition, the multi-stage inflation design of the inflation system can ensure that the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 are always in an inflated state, so that after a certain period of time for personnel evacuation, the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 are still in a working state; in this way, when the smoke in the train car 1 spreads to the adjacent car 1, the compensation airbag 6 and the main airbag 7 can be quickly deployed to form an effective isolation layer to block the spread of the smoke and buy precious time for the evacuation of passengers.

[0023] A method for using a foldable airbag device for blocking train fire smoke in a tunnel includes the following steps: S1. After a train fire occurs, the data of the smoke, temperature and flame sensors on the train will be transmitted to the control system on the train. The control system confirms the fire according to the preset parameters of the smoke concentration and temperature change and locates the car 1 where the fire point is located, and feeds back the car 1 position information to the driver's cab of the train; S2. Subsequently, the train conductor makes a decision according to the fire situation of the train, activates the train brake, and the train slowly decelerates until it stops; S3. Subsequently, the conductor activates the first switch on the airbag device switch 9, and the two electromagnetic locks on the folding airbag device 2 spring open the left folding plate 10, the right folding plate 11, the front folding plate 12, and the rear folding plate 13. During this process, the left folding plate 10 and the right folding plate 11 pull the main airbag 7 and the compensation airbag 6 to both sides of the carriage 1 through the connecting pull rings 14 and the connecting ropes 15. S4. When the conductor activates the first switch, the second switch is activated synchronously, and then the inflation system is activated. Subsequently, the primary inflation assembly starts the inflation work, causing the main airbag 7 and the compensation airbag 6 to expand rapidly, thereby forming a blocking barrier with the main airbag 7 and the compensation airbag 6. S5. Next, the secondary inflation assembly starts the inflation work. During this process, the electric scroll pump 18 and the pressure sensor 19 are used in combination to ensure that the main airbag 7 and the compensation airbag 6 are inflated to fit the cross-section of the tunnel, achieving the isolation of the smoke and ensuring the safe evacuation of passengers. S6. During the deployment process of the main airbag 7 and the compensation airbag 6, the evacuation work is also carried out synchronously. When the door of the carriage 1 is opened, the passenger staff uses the built-in broadcast system of the train to guide the passengers to evacuate outside the train. The passengers in the blocking area push open the opening and closing airbag door 22 to evacuate, while the passengers away from the blocking area evacuate to the safe area synchronously.

[0024] When a fire breaks out, when the smoke in the carriage 1 spreads to the adjacent carriage 1, the main airbag 7 and the compensation airbag 6 of the folding airbag device of the present invention deploy rapidly, thereby blocking the smoke to form an effective isolation layer, increasing the evacuation time for the passengers in the non-fire carriage 1; it has the advantages of rapid response and high-efficiency smoke blocking, can effectively extend the available safe evacuation time for the passengers in the non-fire carriage 1, and reduce the harm of fire smoke to the passengers; in addition, the inflation system that provides gas for the main airbag 7 and the compensation airbag 6 adopts a multi-stage inflation response measure, which can rapidly inflate after the folding airbag device is opened, fill the gap between the tunnel and the fire carriage 1, and then achieve effective smoke blocking, winning precious time for emergency evacuation; furthermore, the safety and reliability of the train in railway tunnel fire accidents are improved through the folding airbag device.

[0025] The above are only the preferred and feasible embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the rights of the present invention. Any equivalent changes made by using the description and drawings of the present invention are included within the scope of the rights of the present invention.

Claims

1. A folding airbag device for blocking the fire smoke of trains in tunnels, comprising a train composed of a driver's cab and multiple carriages, characterized in that: It also includes a number of folding airbag devices with the same structure. The number of folding airbag devices are arranged at intervals in sequence from the head end to the tail end of multiple carriages and are all fixed on the top of the carriage. The folding airbag device includes an airbag storage box, which is fixed on the top of the carriage. It includes an upper accommodation part and a lower accommodation part that are hollow inside and connected up and down. A compensation airbag and a main airbag are arranged from top to bottom in the upper accommodation part. The compensation airbag and the main airbag are connected. An inflation system connected to the main airbag is also provided on the airbag storage box. An airbag device switch located in the driver's cab is jointly connected to the airbag storage box and the inflation system. The lower accommodation part is a sealed and hollow long box body. The upper accommodation part includes a left folding plate, a right folding plate, a front folding plate, and a rear folding plate. The left folding plate, the right folding plate, the front folding plate, and the rear folding plate are respectively vertically fixed on the left side, right side, front side, and rear side of the upper surface of the long box body. The front folding plate and the rear folding plate cooperate to close the top of the upper accommodation part. Connecting ropes are connected to both the left and right sides of the main airbag. The other ends of the two connecting ropes are respectively bolted to connecting rings fixed on the left folding plate and the right folding plate. The two connecting rings are both located on the inner side surfaces of the left folding plate and the right folding plate. Electromagnetic locks for jointly opening the left folding plate, the right folding plate, the front folding plate, and the rear folding plate are provided on both the left folding plate and the right folding plate. A first switch jointly connected to the two electromagnetic locks is provided on the airbag device switch.

2. The folding airbag device for blocking the fire smoke of a train in a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: The inflation system includes a primary inflation component, and the primary inflation component includes at least one chemical gas generator storage box. The chemical gas generator storage box is arranged at the bottom inside the main airbag. The chemical gas generator storage box includes a sealed and hollow box body. A chemical gas generator and an electric blasting tube are arranged in the box body. A connecting wire is connected to the electric blasting tube, and the other end of the connecting wire is connected to a central controller located in the lower accommodation part.

3. The folding airbag device for blocking the fire smoke of trains in tunnels according to claim 2, wherein: The central controller includes a signal receiving module and a control circuit. The signal receiving module is connected to the control circuit. The control circuit is connected to the electric blasting tube through the connecting wire. A second switch connected to the signal receiving module is provided on the airbag device switch.

4. The folding airbag device for blocking the fire smoke of trains in tunnels according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inflation system also includes a secondary inflation component. The secondary inflation component includes two pressure sensors. The two pressure sensors are both arranged at the bottom inside the main airbag. Independent wires are connected to both of the two pressure sensors. The other ends of the two independent wires are jointly connected to a programmable controller arranged in the lower accommodation part. An electric scroll pump located in the lower accommodation part is connected to the programmable controller. A stainless steel inflatable tube connected to the main airbag is connected to the electric scroll pump. The programmable controller is connected to the second switch located on the airbag device switch.

5. The folding airbag device for blocking the fire smoke of trains in tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the compensation airbag and the main airbag are of a layered composite structure, including an inner layer, a middle layer, and an outer layer. The inner layer is a polyurethane material layer, the middle layer is a Kevlar mesh reinforcement layer, and the outer layer is a composite layer composed of an aramid fiber base cloth and a ceramicized silicone rubber coating.

6. The folding airbag device for blocking the fire smoke of trains in tunnels according to claim 1, wherein: The deployment cross-section of the compensation airbag is in an arch structure, and the deployment cross-section of the main airbag is in an arched structure. The arc-shaped lower bottom surface of the compensation airbag fits and is connected to the arc-shaped upper surface of the main airbag, and the arc-shaped upper surface of the compensation airbag is adapted to the radian of the tunnel vault.

7. The folding airbag device for blocking the smoke of a train fire in a tunnel according to claim 6, wherein: An inwardly concave accommodation groove is provided on both the compensation airbag and the main airbag. The accommodation groove is located at the crown of the main airbag and divides the compensation airbag into left and right parts from bottom to top.

8. The folding airbag device for blocking train fire smoke in a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: Opening and closing airbag doors are provided at the lower parts on the left and right sides of the main airbag.

9. A method for using a folding airbag device for blocking train fire smoke in a tunnel according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. After a train fire occurs, the data of the smoke, temperature and flame sensors on the train will be transmitted to the control system on the train. The control system confirms the fire according to the preset parameters of the smoke concentration and temperature change, locates the carriage where the fire point is located, and feeds back the carriage position information to the driver's cab of the train; S2. Subsequently, the train conductor makes a decision based on the fire situation of the train, activates the train brake, and the train slowly decelerates until it stops; S3. Then the train conductor activates the first switch on the airbag device switch, and the two electromagnetic locks on the folding airbag device pop open the left folding plate, the right folding plate, the front folding plate and the rear folding plate. During this process, the left folding plate and the right folding plate pull the main airbag and the compensation airbag to both sides of the carriage through the connecting pull rings and connecting ropes; S4. When the train conductor activates the first switch, the second switch is synchronously activated, and then the inflation system is activated. Subsequently, the primary inflation component starts the inflation work, so that the main airbag and the compensation airbag expand and deploy rapidly, so that the main airbag and the compensation airbag form a blocking barrier; S5. Next, the secondary inflation component starts the inflation work. During this process, the electric scroll pump and the pressure sensor are used in combination to ensure that the main airbag and the compensation airbag are inflated to fit the tunnel cross-section, realizing the isolation of the smoke and ensuring the safe evacuation of passengers; S6. During the deployment process of the main airbag and the compensation airbag, the evacuation work is also carried out synchronously; when the carriage door is opened, the passenger crew uses the built-in broadcast system of the train to guide the passengers to evacuate outside the train; the passengers in the blocking area push open the opening and closing airbag doors to evacuate, while the passengers far from the blocking area evacuate to the safe area synchronously.

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