Display module

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a display module disposed adjacent to a windshield. The display module comprises a display, an optical film and at least one light absorption piece. The display comprises a display area and a peripheral area and is used for providing display light with a first polarization direction. The optical film is arranged between the display and the windshield, and the optical film is used for reflecting the display light in the first polarization direction. The at least one light absorbing member is disposed adjacent to at least one side of the peripheral region and is spaced from the display by a distance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a display module. Background Art

[0002] With the booming development of in-vehicle display technologies, consumers' requirements for display products used in vehicles are also getting higher and higher. Among them, the technology of a head-up display (HUD) uses a windshield to reflect a display beam, so that the display beam can be transmitted to a user (or driver) through the reflection of the windshield, and the user can view an image by looking at the windshield. Nowadays, head-up displays are gradually popularized in the market and are welcomed by consumers.

[0003] However, due to the fact that the windshield must have a certain light transmittance to allow the driver to receive ambient light outside the windshield to observe the road conditions. This makes it easy for the driver to receive ambient light through the windshield when viewing the image of the head-up display, resulting in a decrease in the contrast and clarity of the display screen. When the intensity of the ambient light is too high (for example, in an environment with strong sunlight during the day), it will also seriously affect the viewing experience of the head-up display. Furthermore, when the ambient light irradiates the display or accessories of the display, unexpected ambient reflections will be generated to form stray light, causing inconvenience to the user or affecting the driving safety of the driver. The above problems all rely on relevant manufacturers to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present disclosure provides a display module, which can improve and enhance the display quality of the display module.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the display module is disposed adjacent to the windshield. The display module includes a display, an optical film, and at least one light-absorbing member. The display includes a display area and a peripheral area and is used to provide display light having a first polarization direction. The optical film is disposed on one side adjacent to the light-emitting surface of the display, and the optical film is used to reflect the display light having the first polarization direction. At least one light-absorbing member is disposed adjacent to at least one side of the peripheral area and is spaced apart from the display by a distance.

[0006] To make the above features and advantages of the present disclosure more obvious and understandable, specific embodiments are hereinafter given and described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as follows. Description of the Drawings

[0007] Figure 1A is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0008] Figure 1B is Figure 1A a schematic diagram of a virtual image caused by stray light of the display module of

[0009] Figure 2AIt is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0010] Figure 2B is Figure 2A a schematic diagram of various embodiments of the microstructure of the display module of;

[0011] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0012] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0013] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0014] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0015] Figure 7A It is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0016] Figure 7B It is a graph showing the relationship between the incident angle and the reflection coefficient when a light beam with a first polarization direction and a light beam with a second polarization direction each pass through different media;

[0017] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] Now, reference will be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, and examples of the exemplary embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Whenever possible, the same reference numerals are used in the drawings and the description to refer to the same or similar parts.

[0019] Throughout the specification of the present disclosure and the appended claims, certain terms will be used to refer to particular elements. Those skilled in the art should understand that electronic device manufacturers may use different names to refer to the same element. This document is not intended to distinguish between elements that perform the same function but have different names. In the following specification and claims, words such as "comprising" and "including" are open-ended words and should therefore be interpreted as meaning "including but not limited to...".

[0020] Directional terms mentioned in this document, such as "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc., are only with reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for illustration and not for limiting this disclosure. In the accompanying drawings, each drawing shows the general characteristics of the methods, structures, and / or materials used in specific embodiments. However, these drawings should not be construed as defining or limiting the scope or nature covered by these embodiments. For example, for clarity, the relative dimensions, thicknesses, and positions of each film layer, region, and / or structure may be reduced or enlarged.

[0021] When a structure (or layer, element, substrate) described in this disclosure is located "above / on" another structure (or layer, element, substrate), it may mean that the two structures are adjacent and directly connected, or it may mean that the two structures are adjacent but not directly connected. Non-direct connection means that there is at least one intermediate structure (or intermediate layer, intermediate element, intermediate substrate, intermediate interval) between the two structures. The lower surface of one structure is adjacent or directly connected to the upper surface of the intermediate structure, and the upper surface of the other structure is adjacent or directly connected to the lower surface of the intermediate structure. The intermediate structure can be composed of a single-layer or multi-layer solid structure or non-solid structure, without limitation. In this disclosure, when a certain structure is disposed "on" other structures, it may mean that a certain structure is "directly" on other structures, or it may mean that a certain structure is "indirectly" on other structures, that is, there is at least one structure sandwiched between a certain structure and other structures.

[0022] The terms "about", "substantially", or "approximately" are generally interpreted as within 10% of the given value or range, or within 5%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or 0.5% of the given value or range. In addition, the expressions "ranging from a first value to a second value" and "ranging between a first value and a second value" indicate that the range includes the first value, the second value, and other values therebetween.

[0023] Ordinal numbers such as "first", "second", etc. used in the specification and claims are used to modify elements. They do not imply or represent that the element(s) have any previous ordinal numbers, nor do they represent the order of one element and another element or the order in the manufacturing method. The use of these ordinal numbers is only to clearly distinguish an element with a certain name from another element with the same name. The same terms may not be used in the claims and the specification. Accordingly, the first component in the specification may be the second component in the claims.

[0024] The electrical connection or coupling described in this disclosure can refer to direct connection or indirect connection. In the case of direct connection, the endpoints of the components on two circuits are directly connected or connected to each other by a conductor segment. In the case of indirect connection, there are switches, diodes, capacitors, inductors, resistors, other suitable components, or combinations of the above components between the endpoints of the components on two circuits, but not limited thereto.

[0025] In this disclosure, the thickness, length, and width can be measured by an optical microscope (OM), and the thickness or width can be measured from the cross-sectional image in an electron microscope, but not limited thereto. In addition, there may be a certain error between any two numerical values or directions used for comparison. Furthermore, the phrases "a given range is from a first numerical value to a second numerical value", "a given range falls within the range from the first numerical value to the second numerical value", or "a given range is between the first numerical value and the second numerical value" mean that the given range includes the first numerical value, the second numerical value, and other numerical values therebetween. If a first direction is perpendicular to a second direction, the angle between the first direction and the second direction can be between 80 degrees and 100 degrees; if a first direction is parallel to a second direction, the angle between the first direction and the second direction can be between 0 degrees and 10 degrees.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure belongs. It is understood that these terms, such as those defined in a commonly used dictionary, should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the relevant technology and the background or context of this disclosure, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal manner, unless specifically defined in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0027] In the present disclosure, the electronic device may include a display device, a backlight device, an antenna device, a packaging device, a sensing device, or a splicing device, but is not limited thereto. The electronic device may be a bendable or flexible electronic device. The display device may be a non-self-emitting display device or a self-emitting display device. The display device may include, for example, liquid crystal, light-emitting diode, fluorescence, phosphor, quantum dot (QD), other suitable display media, or a combination of the foregoing. The antenna device may include, for example, a Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS), a Frequency Selective Surface (FSS), a Radio Frequency Filter (RF-Filter), a Polarizer, a Resonator, or an Antenna, etc. The antenna may be an antenna in a liquid crystal form or an antenna of Varactor Diodes. The sensing device may be a sensing device for sensing capacitance, light, heat, or ultrasonic waves, but is not limited thereto. In the present disclosure, the electronic device may include electronic components, and the electronic components may include passive components and active components, such as capacitors, resistors, inductors, diodes, transistors, etc. The diode may include a light-emitting diode, a Varactor Diode, or a photodiode. The light-emitting diode may include, for example, an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), a mini light-emitting diode (mini LED), a micro light-emitting diode (micro LED), or a quantum dot light-emitting diode (quantum dot LED), but is not limited thereto. The splicing device may be, for example, a display splicing device or an antenna splicing device, but is not limited thereto. It should be noted that the electronic device may be any permutation and combination of the foregoing, but is not limited thereto. The packaging device may be a packaging device applicable to Wafer-Level Package (WLP) technology or Panel-Level Package (WLP) technology, such as a packaging device for a chip first process or an RDL first process. In addition, the shape of the electronic device may be rectangular, circular, polygonal, a shape with curved edges, or other suitable shapes. The electronic device may have peripheral systems such as a driving system, a control system, a light source system, etc. to support the display device, the antenna device, a wearable device (such as including augmented reality or virtual reality), a vehicle-mounted device (such as including an automotive windshield), or a splicing device.

[0028] Figure 1A is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.Figure 1B It is Figure 1A a schematic diagram of a virtual image caused by stray light of the display module of Figure 2A a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2B It is Figure 2A a schematic diagram of various embodiments of the microstructure of the display module of Figure 3 a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4 a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 5 a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 6 a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7A a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7B a graph showing the relationship between the incident angle and the reflection coefficient when a light beam with a first polarization direction and a light beam with a second polarization direction each pass through different media. Figure 8 a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. It should be noted that, without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure, the features in several different embodiments can be replaced, recombined, and mixed to complete other embodiments. As long as the features between the embodiments do not violate the inventive spirit or conflict with each other, they can be arbitrarily mixed and used.

[0029] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the display module can be used in a vehicle with a windshield. The windshield can be, for example, safety glass with a laminated structure, etc., and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In addition, the type of the vehicle is not limited. In terms of power, the vehicle can be a fuel vehicle (such as a gasoline vehicle or a diesel vehicle), a hybrid vehicle, or an electric vehicle, but not limited thereto. In terms of appearance or function, the vehicle can be a sedan, a recreational vehicle, a sports car, a truck, a bus, a military vehicle, a racing car, a special vehicle, an engineering vehicle, or a camping vehicle, but not limited thereto.

[0030] Please also refer to Figure 1A and Figure 1B , the display module 1A may include a display 100, an optical film 110, and a windshield 120, but not limited thereto. The display module 1A can be increased or decreased by one or more elements according to requirements.

[0031] The display 100 includes a display area DR and a peripheral area PR, and the display 100 is configured to provide display light L1 having a first polarization direction P1. Specifically, the display area DR is the area of the display 100 that provides an image, and the peripheral area PR is the area outside the display area DR. The peripheral area PR can be used to dispose peripheral circuits (not shown), driving elements (not shown), or other elements that are not desired to be seen by the user (not shown). The peripheral area PR can be located on at least one side of the display area DR. For example, the peripheral area PR can surround the display area DR, but is not limited thereto.

[0032] The display 100 can include a liquid crystal display, a light-emitting diode (LED) display, a fluorescence display, a phosphor display, a Digital Light Processing (DLP) projector, a Liquid Crystal On Silicon (LCoS) display, a laser scanning system, or any permutation and combination of the foregoing, but is not limited thereto. The liquid crystal display can include a thin-film transistor display, but is not limited thereto. The DLP projector can include a Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) or a zoom projector, but is not limited thereto. The light-emitting diode can, for example, include an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), an inorganic light-emitting diode, a mini LED, a micro LED, or a quantum dot (QD) light-emitting diode (QLED, QDLED) or other suitable materials or any permutation and combination of the above, but is not limited thereto. In addition, the shape of the display 100 can be rectangular, or in other embodiments, can also be circular, polygonal, a shape with curved edges, or other suitable shapes, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0033] The optical film 110 is disposed on one side adjacent to the light-emitting surface of the display 100, or the optical film 110 is disposed between the display 100 and the windshield 120 in the direction Y. Specifically, the optical film 110 can be attached to the windshield 120 via an adhesive layer (not shown), for example, attached to the side of the windshield 120 facing the driver (i.e., Figure 1AOn one side of the middle eye e). And the optical film 110 is disposed on the transmission path of the display light L1. Further, the optical film 110 is configured to reflect the display light L1 having the first polarization direction P1, so that the display light L1 is redirected and transmitted to the driver's eye e. The optical film 110 may be a polarization beam splitter film or a reflective polarizing film, which has different reflectivities and transmittances for light beams of different polarization states. For example, the optical film 110 has a first reflectivity and a first transmittance for a light beam having the first polarization direction P1 (e.g., the display light L1), and the optical film 110 has a second reflectivity and a second transmittance for a light beam having the second polarization direction P2 (e.g., the initial ambient light L2), where the first reflectivity is greater than the second reflectivity, and the first transmittance is less than the second transmittance.

[0034] The light beam with the first polarization direction P1 is, for example, P-polarized light, and the light beam with the second polarization direction P2 is, for example, S-polarized light. The reflection axis of the optical film 110 is, for example, parallel to the P-polarized light. Therefore, the optical film 110 has a relatively high first reflectivity and a relatively low first transmittance for the display light L1 having the first polarization direction P1; while the transmission axis of the optical film 110 is, for example, parallel to the S-polarized light. Therefore, the optical film 110 has a relatively low second reflectivity and a relatively high second transmittance for the S-polarized light beam. When the display light L1 emitted by the display 100 is P-polarized light, the optical film 110 has a relatively high first reflectivity for the display light L1, so that most of the display light L1 transmitted to the optical film 110 can be reflected by the optical film 110 to the eye e, thereby improving the display quality and clarity.

[0035] The optical film 110 has a first surface 110S1 and a second surface 110S2. The first surface 110S1 is the surface of the optical film 110 facing the display 100, and the second surface 110S2 is the surface of the optical film 110 facing the windshield 120. The display light L1 is incident on the first surface 110S1, and the initial ambient light L2 from outside the windshield 120 is incident on the second surface 110S2. The initial ambient light L2 is, for example, unpolarized light, that is, the polarization direction of the initial ambient light L2 includes the first polarization direction P1 and the second polarization direction P2. The optical film 110 is configured to transmit the initial ambient light L2 having the second polarization direction P2 and reflect the initial ambient light L2 having the first polarization direction P1.

[0036] When the initial ambient light L2 irradiates the second surface 110S2 of the optical film 110, the optical film 110 has a relatively high second transmittance and a relatively low second reflectance for the initial ambient light L2 in the second polarization direction P2, and the optical film 110 has a relatively high first reflectance and a relatively low first transmittance for the initial ambient light L2 in the first polarization direction P1. That is to say, most of the initial ambient light L2 in the first polarization direction P1 will be reflected by the optical film 110, and most of the initial ambient light L2 in the second polarization direction P2 will pass through the optical film 110. The initial ambient light L2 in the second polarization direction P2 that passes through the optical film 110 is then reflected back to the optical film 110 by the display 100. Since the optical film 110 has a relatively high second transmittance and a relatively low second reflectance for the initial ambient light L2 in the second polarization direction P2, most of the initial ambient light L2 in the second polarization direction P2 will pass through the optical film 110 again instead of being reflected by the optical film 110 to the user's eye e. Therefore, the intensity of the initial ambient light L2 entering the user's eye e can be effectively reduced, that is, the proportion of stray light generation is reduced, thereby improving the display quality of the display module 1A.

[0037] In some embodiments, the first reflectance (reflectance for a light beam having the first polarization direction P1) of the optical film 110 may be, for example, greater than or equal to 40% and less than or equal to 60%; the second reflectance (reflectance for a light beam having the second polarization direction P2) may be greater than 0% and less than or equal to 20%. In addition, the first transmittance (transmittance for a light beam having the first polarization direction P1) of the optical film 110 may be greater than or equal to 40% and less than or equal to 60%, and the second transmittance (transmittance for a light beam having the second polarization direction P2) may be greater than or equal to 80 and less than 100%.

[0038] In some embodiments, the reflectance of the optical film 110 may be greater than or equal to 25% and less than or equal to 35%, and the transmittance of the optical film 110 may be greater than or equal to 65% and less than or equal to 75%. Here, the reflectance of the optical film 110 refers to the average value of the sum of the reflectance of the optical film 110 for a light beam having the first polarization direction P1 and the reflectance of the optical film 110 for a light beam having the second polarization direction P2, that is, (first reflectance + second reflectance) / 2. On the other hand, the transmittance of the optical film 110 refers to the average value of the sum of the transmittance of the optical film 110 for a light beam having the first polarization direction P1 and the transmittance of the optical film 110 for a light beam having the second polarization direction P2, that is, (first transmittance + second transmittance) / 2. By appropriately designing the transmittance and reflectance of the optical film 110, it helps to improve the display quality while allowing the driver to view the field of view outside the windshield 120, thereby ensuring driving safety.

[0039] Please continue to refer to Figure 1A region A of. In some embodiments, the display 100 may include a display panel 101, a housing 102, a cover plate 103, and a light-shielding layer 104. The display panel 101 is configured to provide display light L1. A polarizer 1011 may be disposed on the light-emitting side of the display panel 101 to make the display light L1 emitted from the display panel 101 have a first polarization direction P1. The housing 102 is used to accommodate the display panel 101. In some embodiments, the material of the housing 102 may include metal, alloy, or a combination thereof for heat dissipation, but is not limited thereto. The housing 102 has an opening formed by being surrounded by a frame (for example, Figure 1A a first frame ed1 and a second frame ed2, a part of which is drawn in), and a cover plate 103 is disposed at the opening. The cover plate 103 is disposed on the light-emitting surface of the display panel 101. The material of the cover plate 103 is, for example, a polymer with a high light transmittance (such as polycarbonate (PC), polyimide (PI), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), etc.) or glass, etc., and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The light-shielding layer 104 is disposed on the cover plate 103 and at the edge of the cover plate 103. The light-shielding layer 104 may partially overlap the display panel 101, for example, having an overlapping region OR as shown in Figure 1A . The design of the overlapping region OR can enable the edge of the display panel 101 to be effectively blocked by the light-shielding layer 104, reducing the appearance of a visual break and blurring the edge of the display panel 101. In this document, the peripheral region PR of the display 100 may include a part of the cover plate 103 (for example, the part of the cover plate 103 that overlaps the light-shielding layer 104), the housing 102, and the light-shielding layer 104. In other words, the display region DR of the display 100 may be the region of the display panel 101 that is not blocked by the light-shielding layer 104, and the peripheral region PR may be the region outside the display region DR. The light-shielding layer 104 may be, for example, a dark ink and have a certain light-shielding effect. For example, the optical density (OD) value of the light-shielding layer 104 may be greater than or equal to 2, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The light-shielding layer 104 can be used to beautify the appearance or shield components, circuit boards, or lines, etc. that are not desired to be seen by the user. In some embodiments, the light-shielding layer 104 may be a patterned dark ink. For example, the light-shielding layer 104 may be a regularly or irregularly arranged dot pattern, and the sizes of these dot patterns gradually increase from the display region DR to the peripheral region PR, the pattern colors gradually deepen, or the pattern densities gradually increase. This design can increase the optical taste. The patterned design of the light-shielding layer 104 can reduce the sharpness of the color change at the edge of the display 100. And in some embodiments, the light-shielding layer 104 may also partially cover the peripheral region PR without completely covering the peripheral region PR, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0040] In some embodiments, the initial ambient light L2 having a second polarization direction P2 that penetrates the optical film 110 may be transmitted to the driver's eyes e through the reflections of the display 100 and the windshield 120 in sequence. As Figure 1B shown, a part of the initial ambient light L2 having a second polarization direction P2 may penetrate the optical film 110 and be transmitted to the display area DR of the display 100, and the said part of the initial ambient light L2 is transmitted to the driver's eyes e through the reflections of the display area DR of the display 100 and the windshield 120 in sequence. In addition, another part of the initial ambient light L2 having a second polarization direction P2 may penetrate the optical film 110 and be transmitted to the peripheral area PR of the display 100, and the said another part of the initial ambient light L2 is transmitted to the driver's eyes e through the reflections of the peripheral area PR of the display 100 and the windshield 120 in sequence. In some embodiments, the display module 1A can be further designed to reduce the differences (such as color differences, brightness differences, and / or color temperature differences, etc.) between the initial ambient light L2 from the display area DR and the peripheral area PR of the display 100, to equalize the initial ambient light L2 reflected to the eyes e, and to reduce the influence of stray light on the user.

[0041] Table 1-1

[0042]

[0043] Table 1-2

[0044]

[0045] Table 2-1

[0046] Measurement location Surface of the display 100 Surface of the display 100 Type of measured light Unpolarized light Light polarized in the second polarization direction Reflectance difference 1％ 0.5％ Specular reflectance difference 1％ 0.5％ Color difference 6.0 6.0

[0047] Table 2-2

[0048] Measurement location Surface of the windshield 120 Surface of the windshield 120 Type of measured light Unpolarized light Light polarized in the second polarization direction Luminance difference 0.4％ 0.2％ Color difference 4.2 2.1 Color temperature difference 500 500

[0049] In Table 1-1 and Table 2-1, the reflectance difference, specular reflectance difference, and color difference refer to the reflectance difference, specular reflectance difference, and color difference of the initial ambient light L2 from the display area DR and the peripheral area PR of the display 100, which can be measured by setting a detection instrument above the display surface of the display 100. In Table 1-1 and Table 2-1, the color difference △E = (a*^2 + b*^2 + L*^2)^0.5, where a*, b*, and L* are the three color coordinates in the CIE color space respectively.

[0050] In Table 1-2 and Table 2-2, the luminance difference, color difference, and color temperature difference refer to the luminance difference, color difference, and color temperature difference of the initial ambient light L2 from the display area DR and the peripheral area PR of the display 100, which can be obtained by setting the detection instrument at the position of the eye e to capture the initial ambient light L2 from the display area DR and the peripheral area PR of the display 100. In Table 1-2 and Table 2-2, K refers to the color temperature, and K = 437*n^3 + 3601*n^2 + 6831*n + 5517, where n = (x - 0.3320) / (0.1858 - y), and x, y are two color coordinates in the CIE 1931 color space.

[0051] Similarly, in Table 2-1, it represents the reflectance difference, specular reflectance difference, and color difference when a non-polarized light beam irradiates the display area DR and the peripheral area PR of the display 100 of another embodiment; and the reflectance difference, specular reflectance difference, and color difference when a light beam with a second polarization direction P2 irradiates the display area DR and the peripheral area PR of the display 100 of another embodiment. In Table 2-2, it represents the luminance difference, color difference, and color temperature difference of the images presented on the surface of the windshield 120 by the display area DR and the peripheral area PR when a non-polarized light beam irradiates the display area DR and the peripheral area PR of the display 100 of another embodiment; and the luminance difference, color difference, and color temperature difference of the images presented on the surface of the windshield 120 by the display area DR and the peripheral area PR when a light beam with a second polarization direction P2 irradiates the display area DR and the peripheral area PR of the display 100 of another embodiment.

[0052] Please also refer to Figure 1A and Figure 1B , when the initial ambient light L2 is irradiated onto the display 100 and reflected, it can be divided into the stray light L2A formed by reflection through the display area DR, and the stray light L2B formed by reflection through the peripheral area PR. These stray lights may be reflected to the windshield 120 without the optical film 110 and reflected again (for example Figure 1B the stray light L2’). When the stray light L2’ reaches the user's eye e, the user may observe a frame mura defect q due to the reflectance difference, specular reflectance difference, luminance difference, color difference, and / or color temperature difference, etc., which affects the user's viewing.

[0053] In this text, the above optical parameter configurations in Table 1-1, Table 1-2 (or Table 2-1, Table 2-2) can be achieved through the setting of the optical film 110. For example, the reflectivity difference, specular reflectivity difference, brightness difference, color difference, and / or color temperature difference that meet the specifications in the above table can be obtained to reduce the visibility of the border virtual image defect q and mitigate the influence of the stray light generated by the display module 1A. In some embodiments, when the display 100 is not displaying (such as turned off, standby, etc.) or is in a black screen, the reflectivity difference between the peripheral region PR and the display region DR is less than 1%, and the specular reflectivity difference between the peripheral region PR and the display region DR can be less than 1%. In some embodiments, when the display 100 is not displaying or is in a black screen, the color difference between the peripheral region PR and the display region DR can be less than 1%.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 2A , the display module 1B is similar to Figure 1A the display module 1A. The main differences between the display module 1B and the display module 1A are described as follows. The display module 1B further includes at least one light-absorbing member 130, and the at least one light-absorbing member 130 is disposed adjacent to at least one side of the peripheral region PR and is spaced apart from the display 100 by a distance d1 in the direction X. Specifically, as shown in the enlarged view of region C, the light-absorbing member 130 may include a light-absorbing layer 131 and a fixing member 132 for fixing the light-absorbing layer 131. The fixing member 132 may have a first surface S1 parallel to the direction Y and a second surface S2 parallel to the direction X. The first surface S1 and the second surface S2 face the display 100. The direction X may be substantially perpendicular to the direction Y, for example, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The light-absorbing layer 131 may be directly disposed on the first surface S1 and the second surface S2, that is, the light-absorbing layer 131 also faces the display 100.

[0055] The light-absorbing member 130 may be disposed on the transmission path of the initial ambient light L2 reflected by the display 100. The light-absorbing layer 131 of the light-absorbing member 130 may be leather, ink, fabric, polarizer, or other suitable absorbing materials, or for example, a material having a high absorption rate for the light beam in the second polarization direction P2, or an optical layer, a thin-film optical structure, or other light-absorbing structures having an anti-glare moth-eye structure on the surface, so that the specular reflectivity of the light-absorbing member 130 can be less than or equal to 1%, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The position or shape of the light-absorbing layer 131 can be mechanically adjusted (such as moved, rotated, magnified, etc.) via the fixing member 132, and the present disclosure is also not limited thereto. Through the setting of the light-absorbing member 130, the reflection of the initial ambient light L2 occurring at the display 100 can be further absorbed, which also reduces the unexpected reflection of the initial ambient light L2, further reduces the generation of stray light, reduces the influence of the eyes e being interfered by the stray light, and improves the image clarity and contrast of the display light L1.

[0056] On the other hand, in order to improve the light absorption effect of the light absorbing member 130, various dimensional parameters between the light absorbing member 130 and the display 100 need to be designed correspondingly. For example, the distance d1 is the minimum distance between the display 100 and the light absorption layer 131, and the size of the distance d1 can be less than or equal to the positive projection of the width of the display 100 on the horizontal plane (such as the plane where the direction X is located). For example, if the inclination angle of the display 100 relative to the direction X is Φ and the width of the display 100 is W, then the distance d1 is less than or equal to W * tanΦ. The height h1 is the vertical height of the display 100 in the direction Y, and the height h2 is the vertical height of the light absorption layer 131 in the direction Y. In some embodiments, the height h2 can be greater than the height h1, thereby improving the light absorption function of the light absorbing member 130. In some embodiments, the surface of the at least one light absorbing member 130 facing the display 100 is not parallel to the surface of the display 100. For example, the inclination angle Φ of the display 100 relative to the direction X can be greater than 0 degrees and less than 45 degrees, so that the driver (such as the eye e in the figure) can see an upright virtual image. In addition, the depth g1 is the difference between the highest point position of the display 100 and the highest point position of the light absorption layer 131 in the direction Y. If the depth g1 is too large, the display light L1 is easily blocked by the light absorbing member 130, affecting the display effect; if the depth g1 is too small, the effect of the light absorbing member 130 absorbing the initial ambient light L2 (or stray light) will be affected. In some embodiments, the depth g1 can satisfy the following conditional formula: 0.5 * h1 < g1 < 5 * h1. Accordingly, the light absorbing member 130 can exert a better light absorption function.

[0057] It is worth mentioning that the display 100 may further include other optical structures to further reduce the generation of stray light. As shown in the enlarged view of the area D, the first frame ed1 of the frame 102 of the display 100 (or Figure 1A on the second frame ed2) may further include a microstructure 1021. The microstructure 1021 is, for example, a structure of a plurality of triangular columns, which can increase the proportion of the initial ambient light L2 irradiated on the peripheral area PR being diffusely reflected. In addition to reducing the generation of glare, it can also make the initial ambient light L2 irradiated on the display 100 more easily guided to the light absorbing member 130 and effectively absorbed. In other embodiments, the microstructure 1021 may have different embodiments. For example Figure 2BIn this case, the microstructure 1021 can be replaced with a microstructure 1021A. The microstructure 1021A is, for example, a plurality of semi-cylindrical bodies that are of the same size and regularly arranged. The semi-cylindrical body generally refers to an incomplete cylinder and is not limited to half of a cylinder. Alternatively, the microstructure 1021 can be replaced with a microstructure 1021B. The microstructure 1021B is, for example, a plurality of semi-cylindrical bodies that are of different sizes and irregularly arranged. Alternatively, the microstructure 1021 can be replaced with a microstructure 1021C. The microstructure 1021C is, for example, a plurality of trapezoidal columns of the same size, etc. The present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0058] Please continue to refer to Figure 2A . The cover plate 103 can have a flat portion FP corresponding to the display area DR and a curved portion CP adjacent to the peripheral area PR. The curved portion CP can make the initial ambient light L2 irradiated onto the display 100 more easily guided to the light absorber 130 and absorbed by the light absorber 130, further reducing the generation of stray light. On the other hand, an antiglare layer AG can also be provided on the cover plate 103. The antiglare layer AG can be provided on the curved portion CP and the flat portion FP to further reduce the generation of glare. In other embodiments, the cover plate 103 can also include an antireflection film having a fogged surface, such that the reflectivity of the cover plate 103 is further reduced and the generation of stray light can also be reduced.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 3 , the display module 1C is similar to Figure 2A the display module 1B, and the main differences are described as follows. In the display module 1C, the angle of the display light L1 emitted by the display module 1C can be further adjusted such that the display light L1 has a better imaging effect. For example, in the area E of the enlarged view, an angle θ1 can exist between the normal line N2 of the surface of the display 100 and the normal line N1 of the windshield 120. In addition, the light-emitting range of the display light L1 can have a full width at half maximum (FWHM) θ2. The full width at half maximum is defined as the angular range corresponding when the brightness observed on the display 100 drops to half. In this embodiment, the angle θ1 can be greater than the full width at half maximum θ2. Through the above configuration, a narrow viewing angle display effect can be provided. In some embodiments, the full width at half maximum θ2 can be less than 15 degrees, less than 30 degrees, or less than 45 degrees. The present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 4 , the display module 1D is similar to Figure 2Ais similar to the display module 1B, and its main differences are described as follows. In the display module 1D, the light-absorbing member 130 is disposed, for example, on a side away from the driving position (such as the position of the eyes e). In other words, in the direction X, the light-absorbing member 130 is disposed between the display 100 and the windshield 120. Correspondingly, the light absorption layer 131 is disposed facing the display 100 to absorb the initial ambient light L2 reflected on the surface of the display 100. Specifically, the position of the light-absorbing member 130 can be adjusted correspondingly according to the angle of the windshield 120. The setting of this embodiment can be applied to vehicles (such as trucks or recreational vehicles, etc.) in which the windshield 120 has a large inclination angle (for example, a large inclination angle with respect to the direction X). In addition, the height of the light-absorbing member 130 can be based on not blocking the full width at half maximum θ2 of the display light L1 to reduce the influence on the imaging of the display 100. In some embodiments, the display light L1 can have an asymmetric viewing angle. For example, the maximum brightness of the display light L1 irradiated on the surface of the optical film 110 can be at an angle greater than 5 degrees, greater than 10 degrees, or greater than 15 degrees with respect to the normal line N1.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 5 , the display module 1E is similar to Figure 4 the display module 1D, and its main differences are described as follows. The display module 1E further includes a support member 140. The support member 140 is disposed between the windshield 120 and the display 100, and the optical film 110 is attached to the support member 140. In other words, the optical film 110 and the windshield 120 are separated from each other. The support member 140 is, for example, made of a transparent plastic material or other plates with a high light transmittance for visible light, and can have a support structure that can rotate, move, and / or fold. The present disclosure is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the inclination angle of the support member 140 can be different from the inclination angle of the windshield 120. Since the optical film 110 is attached to the support member 140, when the optical film 110 needs to be replaced, only the support member 140 needs to be disassembled, which can further achieve the purpose of reducing the maintenance cost.

[0062] Please refer to Figure 6 , the display module 1F is similar to Figure 4 the display module 1D, and its main differences are described as follows. The display module 1F can further include another light absorption layer 150. The another light absorption layer 150 is disposed between the optical film 110 and the windshield 120. The another light absorption layer 150 is, for example, a light absorption layer with a high absorption rate for the second polarization direction P2 (such as an absorption-type polarizer), or an adhesive layer with carbon black particles, a dark ink, or an adhesive layer with a light absorption material.

[0063] In the enlarged icon area F, since the optical film 110 has a high first reflectivity for the display light L1 in the first polarization direction P1, the display light L1 is easily reflected by the optical film 110 to the eye e, and only a small part of the display light L1 penetrates the optical film 110 and is absorbed by another light absorption layer 150. On the other hand, since the optical film 110 has a high second transmittance for the initial ambient light L2 in the second polarization direction P2, the initial ambient light L2 in the second polarization direction P2 easily penetrates the optical film 110 and is then absorbed by another light absorption layer 150. In other words, the setting of another light absorption layer 150 helps to reduce the chance of the initial ambient light L2 reaching the eye e, or reduces the chance of the initial ambient light L2 forming stray light in the vehicle, further improving the imaging quality of the display module 1F. On the other hand, the proportion of the reflected light in the S polarization state in the initial ambient light L2 is relatively high, so another light absorption layer 150 with a corresponding polarization absorption direction can be used to reduce the proportion of the initial ambient light L2 entering the vehicle.

[0064] Please refer to Figure 7A , the display module 1G is similar to Figure 4 the display module 1D, and the main differences are described as follows. The display module 1G may further include a protective layer 160 disposed on the optical film 110. In other words, the optical film 110 may be disposed between the windshield 120 and the protective layer 160. The protective layer 160 may be made of glass, plastic, or other materials with high visible light transmittance to protect the optical film 110.

[0065] As shown in the enlarged view of area G, when the display light L1 is transmitted to the protective layer 160, part of the display light L1 may be reflected on the first surface 160S1 of the protective layer 160 facing the display 100, for example, generating a first reflected light L1A, and part of the display light L1 may be reflected on the second surface 160S2 of the protective layer 160 facing away from the display 100, for example, generating a second reflected light L1B. The first reflected light L1A and the second reflected light L1B will generate a plurality of image frames, which are likely to produce ghost images in the observation of the eye e, affecting the quality of the display screen.

[0066] Please also refer to Figure 7B , in Figure 7B the relationship between the incident angles of the light beams in the first polarization direction P1 and the light beams in the second polarization direction P2 and the reflection coefficients is shown. Figure 7BThe following explanation is based on a light beam with different polarization directions incident from a medium with a refractive index n = 1 to a medium with a refractive index n = 1.5. As can be seen from the figure, when the incident angle approaches the Brewster's angle, the light beam with the first polarization direction P1 (such as the display light L1) can have the minimum reflection coefficient. Therefore, when the incident angle is the Brewster's angle, the intensity of the aforementioned first reflected light L1A can be minimized, which further reduces the ghosting phenomenon. Therefore, the angle θ1 (i.e., the angle between the normal N2 of the display surface of the aforementioned display 100 and the normal N1 of the windshield 120, the drawing of the normal N2 is omitted in Figure 7A can approach the above-mentioned Brewster's angle. In other words, since the magnitude of the Brewster's angle is related to the respective refractive indices of the light beam passing through two different media, in this embodiment, the refractive index of the protective layer 160 can be greater than or equal to 1.3 and less than or equal to 1.8. Through the above configuration, the generation of the first reflected light L1A can be significantly reduced, thereby reducing the generation of ghosting.

[0067] In some embodiments, the number of the displays 100 can be multiple, and the multiple displays 100 respectively correspond to different curvature positions of the windshield 120, and different displays 100 can have different angles θ1. Or, the angles θ1 of different displays 100 can be substantially the same, and different materials of the protective layer 160 can be selected to correspondingly adjust different refractive indices to achieve the aforementioned effect. Or, multiple support members 140 with different tilt angles can be used under the Figure 5 architecture.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 8 , the display module 1H is similar to the Figure 4 display module 1D, and their main differences are described as follows. The display module 1G can further include a phase retardation plate 170, and the phase retardation plate 170 is disposed on the optical film 110. Or, in other words, the optical film 110 can be disposed between the windshield 120 and the phase retardation plate 170. As shown in the region H, the phase retardation plate 170 can be, for example, a quarter-wave plate, which can convert the polarization state of the first polarization direction P1 of the display light L1 into the polarization state of the third polarization direction P3 (such as elliptical polarization or circular polarization). Similarly, the phase retardation plate 170 can convert the polarization state of the second polarization direction P2 of the initial ambient light L2 into the polarization state of another third polarization direction P3' (such as elliptical polarization in another direction or circular polarization in another direction). The present disclosure does not limit the type and / or form of the phase retardation plate 170.

[0069] During vehicle driving, a driver sometimes wears sunglasses SG to block sunlight. Current linearly polarized sunglasses SG, for example, are adapted to absorb S-polarized light beams and allow P-polarized light beams to pass through. By providing the phase retardation plate 170, the driver wearing the sunglasses SG can receive the initial ambient light L2 that penetrates the optical film 110 and the phase retardation plate 170. That is, the driver can observe the environment outside the windshield 120, thereby enhancing driving safety.

[0070] In summary, in the display module of the present disclosure, the generation of stray light in the display module can be reduced by providing the optical film, which helps to enhance the contrast of the display light or improve the display quality. Moreover, by providing the light-absorbing member, the effect of suppressing the generation of stray light can be further achieved.

[0071] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure, not to limit them; although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0072] Although the embodiments of the present disclosure and their advantages have been disclosed above, it should be understood that any person skilled in the art can make changes, substitutions and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and the features between the embodiments can be arbitrarily mixed and replaced to form other new embodiments. In addition, the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the processes, machines, manufactures, compositions of matter, devices, methods and steps in the specific embodiments described in the specification. Any person with ordinary knowledge in the art can understand the processes, machines, manufactures, compositions of matter, devices, methods and steps developed currently or in the future from the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as they can perform substantially the same functions or obtain substantially the same results in the embodiments described herein, they can be used according to the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure includes the above processes, machines, manufactures, compositions of matter, devices, methods and steps. In addition, each claim constitutes an individual embodiment, and the protection scope of the present disclosure also includes the combination of each claim and embodiment. The protection scope of the present disclosure shall be defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A display module, characterized in that, The display module includes: A display, including a display area and a peripheral area and configured to provide display light, wherein the display light has a first polarization direction; An optical film disposed on one side adjacent to the light-emitting surface of the display, wherein the optical film is configured to reflect the display light having the first polarization direction; and At least one light-absorbing member disposed adjacent to at least one side of the peripheral area and spaced apart from the display by a distance.

2. The display module according to claim 1, wherein The surface of the at least one light-absorbing member facing the display is not parallel to the surface of the display, and the specular reflectivity of the at least one light-absorbing member is less than or equal to 1%.

3. The display module according to claim 1, wherein, The optical film has a first surface and a second surface. The display light is incident on the first surface, and the initial ambient light is incident on the second surface. The initial ambient light has a second polarization direction, and the optical film allows the initial ambient light having the second polarization direction to penetrate.

4. The display module according to claim 3, wherein The initial ambient light further has a first polarization direction, and the optical film reflects the initial ambient light having the first polarization direction.

5. The display module according to claim 3, wherein The optical film has a first reflectivity and a first transmittance for a light beam having the first polarization direction, and the optical film has a second reflectivity and a second transmittance for a light beam having the second polarization direction. Wherein the first reflectivity is greater than the second reflectivity, and the first transmittance is less than the second transmittance.

6. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reflectivity of the optical film is greater than or equal to 25% and less than or equal to 35%, and the transmittance of the optical film is greater than or equal to 65% and less than or equal to 75%.

7. The display module according to claim 1, wherein The display further includes: A display panel configured to provide the display light; A frame configured to accommodate the display panel; A cover plate disposed on the light-emitting surface of the display panel; and A light-shielding layer disposed on the cover plate, and the peripheral area includes a part of the cover plate, the frame, and the light-shielding layer.

8. The display module according to claim 1, wherein, When the display is not displaying or is in a black screen, the difference in reflectivity between the peripheral area and the display area is less than 1%.

9. The display module according to claim 8, wherein When the display is not displaying or is in the black screen, the difference in specular reflectivity between the peripheral area and the display area is less than 1%.

10. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the display is not displaying or is in a black screen, the color difference between the peripheral area and the display area is less than 1%.

Images