Positive plate for lead-acid battery

Abstract

The present invention discloses a positive plate for a lead-acid battery, which relates to the technical field of batteries. The positive plate alloy dosage is 2.0-3.0 g / Ah, and the positive plate alloy dosage is 0.569-0.853 g / cm 3 The positive plate consists of a positive grid and positive plate active material. Optimizing the positive plate structure and using a large-area positive plate structure can significantly reduce the amount of alloy used. Furthermore, by subjecting the grid surface to corona treatment and spraying an antimony compound suspension, the contact resistance between the grid surface and the active material is low, resulting in good conductivity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to a positive plate for a lead-acid battery. Background Art

[0002] With evolving market demands, lightweight and high-energy-to-weight designs for electric bicycle batteries are the primary research and development directions for power lead-acid batteries. Stamped grids offer strong corrosion resistance, long service life, and low cost. Utilizing stamping dies and high-speed presses, these grids can be produced continuously and on a large scale, while also being pollution-free during production, such as lead fume and dust. Currently, the majority of power lead-acid battery plates used in electric bicycles are stamped. However, the battery's requirements for lightweight and high energy-to-weight ratios require optimizing plate design to minimize lead consumption while maintaining battery performance.

[0003] To this end, the prior art has proposed a number of solutions to optimize the electrode plates, such as the prior art EP22947448, which proposes a positive electrode plate, a method for preparing the positive electrode plate, and a positive electrode plate, a secondary battery, and an electrical device containing the same. The positive electrode material composition of this patented technology enables the secondary battery to have a higher energy density, while also having improved cycle performance, safety performance, and / or rate performance. However, this technical solution focuses on the preparation materials of the positive electrode plate. Another example is the prior art DE102023126989A1, which proposes a mixed scrim / paper material for a plate-type battery electrode of a lead-acid battery, particularly a positive plate-type battery electrode of a lead-acid battery, wherein the scrim / paper material is made in the form of a non-woven fabric mat or a woven fabric mat. This technology also focuses on the manufacturing or material aspects of the improvement of the positive electrode plate.

[0004] It can be seen that the existing technology focuses more on the manufacturing aspect for the optimization scheme of the electrode plate, and some technologies focus on other aspects, such as the existing technology JP2025039251A, which proposes a liquid lead-acid battery including an electrode plate group, an electrolyte and a battery chamber for accommodating the electrode plate group and the electrolyte. The electrode plate group includes a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate and a separator placed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate. The difference between the sum of the distances s between the positive and negative plates relative to each other in the electrode plate group and the sum of the thicknesses t of the diaphragm: (st) is less than 0.10mm. It can be seen that this technology focuses on the spacing between the positive and negative plates in the optimization of the electrode plate. For example, the existing technology JP2025032525A provides a lead-acid battery and a manufacturing method thereof that can further improve the capacitance while maintaining or improving the yield. The lead-acid battery is a lead-acid battery having a negative electrode plate. The negative electrode plate has a lead alloy lattice body, and the thickness of the lattice body is greater than or equal to 1.6 mm and less than or equal to 2.9 mm. This technical means focuses on the yield of the electrode plate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a positive plate for a lead-acid battery, optimize the design of the positive plate structure, adopt a large-area positive plate structure, reduce the amount of lead material used while maintaining the battery discharge performance and cycle life, and effectively reduce the number of positive plates configured in a single battery.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention specifically provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A positive plate for a lead-acid battery, wherein the amount of the positive plate alloy is 2.0-3.0 g / Ah; preferably, the amount of the positive plate alloy is 0.569-0.853 g / cm 3 Preferably, the positive plate includes a positive grid and a positive plate active material; preferably, the amount of the positive plate active material is 15.0~16.5g / Ah; preferably, the amount of the positive plate active material is 4.266~4.692g / cm 3 .

[0008] The positive plate of the present invention has an expanded plate configuration. Compared with the existing plate, while maintaining the same external dimensions, the battery capacity is improved, so that the capacity of a single positive plate reaches 10Ah, which is twice the 5Ah of the traditional design. After the plate surface size of the present invention is expanded, the current transmission path is shortened, the internal resistance is reduced by 15-20%, and the number of plates is reduced, the number of connection points is reduced, and the reliability is improved. As the number of plates is reduced, the internal resistance is further reduced, so that the battery discharge performance and cycle life are maintained while reducing the amount of lead material.

[0009] A battery prepared using the positive electrode plate of the present invention, for example, with a capacity of 20 Ah, uses two positive plates and three negative plates. The capacity of the positive plate is 20 Ah / 2 = 10 Ah, and the capacity of the negative plate is 20 Ah / 3 = 6.67 Ah.

[0010] Calculation method of plate capacity: refer to the national standard GB / T 22199.1-2017 "Valve-regulated lead-acid batteries for electric power-assisted vehicles" Part 1: Technical conditions, the capacity is 2-hour rate capacity, and the plate capacity = capacity / number of single-cell plates.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the positive electrode plate includes at least one positive grid with a tab, which simplifies the electrode plate assembly process and improves production yield.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the active material for the positive plate is lead paste containing tinned carbon nanotubes and glass nanotubes. The addition of the tinned carbon nanotubes to the lead paste allows the metal coating on its surface to form good ohmic contact with the lead matrix, helping to build a three-dimensional continuous conductive network. This improves the plate's electronic conductivity while simultaneously reducing the amount of active material used to achieve the same plate discharge capacity. This increases the active material utilization rate from the traditional 25-35% to 40-50%. The simultaneous introduction of the glass nanotubes into the lead paste improves the positive plate's ability to provide sulfuric acid electrolyte during discharge, significantly reducing concentration polarization, increasing the voltage drop during discharge, and improving the active material utilization rate. This allows the use of less active material to achieve the same plate discharge capacity. The tinned carbon nanotubes and glass nanotubes form a dual continuous "electron-ion" transport network, reducing the amount of active material used by 10-20% while maintaining the same capacity output.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the positive grid is surface treated, and the surface treatment process is as follows:

[0014] 1.1 Rolling process

[0015] The grid is made by rolling a lead plate about 15mm thick through 7 to 9 rolling processes. Since the grid has been processed through multiple rolling processes, the density and strength of the alloy are very high, and the corrosion resistance is strong. A smaller amount of grid alloy can be used to meet the usage requirements during the battery life. The rolled grid is then heat-treated at a high temperature of 80℃ to 90℃ for 12 to 24 hours. After the grid has been rolled through multiple rolling processes, the thickness of the grid reaches 0.3 to 0.6mm. The hardness of the grid is improved, which facilitates improving the efficiency and pass rate of the plate coating. The present invention adopts a rolling process to improve the density and strength of the alloy and has strong corrosion resistance.

[0016] 1.2 Corona treatment process of positive grid surface

[0017] The corona process is as follows: The gas near the lead surface is ionized by a high-voltage electrode, generating active particles such as high-energy electrons, ozone (O3), and oxygen free radicals (·O). These particles react with the lead surface in the following ways:

[0018] Oxidation: Lead (Pb) reacts with active oxygen to form lead dioxide or other lead oxides (PbO2 or PbO n ), forming a thin oxide layer: Pb+O3 / O2→PbO2 / PbO n ;

[0019] Surface activation: high-energy particles bombard the lead surface to increase surface energy;

[0020] Cleaning effect: Corona discharge can remove organic pollutants or oxides on the surface and improve cleanliness.

[0021] The voltage of the high-voltage transmission line of the high-voltage electrode is 1kV to 20kV, and the gas referred to in the above content includes but is not limited to air.

[0022] After multiple roll-rolling and high-temperature heat treatment, the positive grid is obtained. The surface structure of the positive grid is dense and corrosion-resistant, but the surface energy is low and the bonding strength with the active material of the plate is poor. These defects can be improved by using the corona process to treat the grid surface.

[0023] After the corona treatment, the surface area of ​​the positive grid becomes larger, which is helpful for the subsequent spraying of the positive grid 30 and the combination with the positive plate active material.

[0024] 1.3 Positive grid surface spraying process

[0025] After multiple roll-rolling and high-temperature heat treatment, the grid surface structure is dense and corrosion-resistant, but the surface energy is low, and the bonding strength with the plate active material is poor. The grid surface is evenly sprayed with an antimony compound suspension, and then the sprayed grid is dried in a high-temperature oven.

[0026] The mass percentage of the above-mentioned antimony compound suspension is 1%~5%, and the components of the antimony compound suspension are: antimony trioxide and water. The spraying speed is 10 meters to 30 meters per minute, and the oven temperature for drying in the high-temperature oven is 90~120 degrees.

[0027] Grids sprayed with an antimony compound suspension have a strong bond with the active material, improving conductivity and reducing interface resistance between the active material and the grid. After the antimony compound suspension is sprayed on the corona-treated grid surface, the antimony compound and lead oxide interpenetrate, forming a transition layer between the grid surface and the active material with good conductivity and low interface resistance.

[0028] Antimony compounds can achieve the conversion of catalytically active substances: antimony ions act as catalysts for the nucleation of lead dioxide (PbO2), which is beneficial to the formation of PbO2 on the grid surface and improves the conductivity between the active substance and the grid interface.

[0029] Electrochemical synergistic effect: Antimony ions reduce the overpotential of PbO2 / PbSO4 conversion and accelerate the reaction kinetics.

[0030] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the positive grid is composed of a rectangular frame and internal reinforcement ribs. The frame includes two horizontally arranged horizontal frames and two vertically arranged vertical frames, which together form a closed frame. The frame is provided with a crisscross network of reinforcement ribs. The horizontal ribs are arranged in parallel with equal spacing and are welded to the two vertical frames at both ends. The vertical ribs are arranged in parallel with equal spacing and are significantly more numerous than the horizontal ribs. They are welded to the two horizontal frames at both ends. The tab, as the current conducting component, extends vertically outward from the middle of one of the horizontal frames. The intersections of all horizontal and vertical ribs and the edges of the ribs are chamfered to eliminate stress concentration and improve structural reliability.

[0031] The crisscrossing equally spaced horizontal and vertical ribs form a uniform grid support, which, combined with the rectangular frame of the frame, effectively enhances the grid's ability to resist deformation, reduces stress damage during the charge and discharge cycle, and extends its service life. The densely distributed vertical ribs, which are more numerous than the horizontal ribs, shorten the current conduction path and reduce internal resistance. At the same time, the longitudinal extension design of the tabs further reduces the current collection impedance and improves the charge and discharge efficiency. The equally spaced arrangement and chamfering of the ribs expand the effective area of ​​the electrode reaction, avoid local stress concentration, prevent the active material from falling off, and ensure capacity retention. The chamfered structure reduces the risk of burrs during stamping or casting, improves production yield, and facilitates the uniform filling of lead paste in the paste coating process, thereby improving electrode consistency.

[0032] A single cell battery includes a positive plate, a negative plate and a separator.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the positive plate of the present invention is an extended plate configuration. Compared with the existing plate, while maintaining the same external dimensions, the battery capacity is improved, so that the capacity of a single positive plate reaches 10Ah, which is twice the 5Ah of the traditional design. The present invention optimizes the design of the positive plate structure and adopts a large-area positive plate structure. While reducing the amount of lead material used, it maintains the battery discharge performance and cycle life, effectively reducing the number of positive plates configured in a single battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other implementation drawings based on the provided drawings without inventive effort.

[0035] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a positive plate for a lead-acid battery of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the positive grid solution in the positive plate of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing another perspective of the positive grid in the positive plate of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the connection scheme of vertical reinforcement and horizontal reinforcement of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a single-core battery prepared using the positive electrode plate of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the high internal resistance corrosion layer formed on the grid surface during plate curing and battery formation;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a metallographic image of the grid in Example 2 without roller rolling treatment;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a metallographic image of the grid in Example 2 after 7 to 9 roll rolling processes;

[0043] Figure 9 This is an SEM image of the positive grid in Example 2 without corona treatment;

[0044] Figure 10 This is an SEM image of the positive grid in Example 2 after the corona treatment process.

[0045] Explanation of the reference numerals: 10. positive plate; 20. pole; 30. positive grid; 31. pole ear; 32. vertical rib; 33. frame; 34. horizontal rib; 40. packaging bag; 50. main body; 51. insert; 52. clamp; 60. lead paste part; 61. active material aggregation layer; 62. corrosion layer; 63. grid rib part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] The following first describes the concepts involved in this application with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following description of each concept is intended only to make the content of this application easier to understand and does not limit the scope of protection of this application. At the same time, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other unless there is a conflict. The following detailed description of this application will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0048] Example 1:

[0049] See attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 4 As shown, a positive plate for a lead-acid battery, the amount of positive plate 10 alloy is 0.569~0.853g / cm 3 The positive plate 10 alloy dosage is 2.0~3.0g / Ah, the positive plate 10 includes a positive grid 30 and a positive plate active material, the positive plate active material dosage is 15.0~16.5g / Ah, and the positive plate active material dosage is 4.266~4.692g / cm 3 .

[0050] The positive plate 10 of the present invention has an expanded plate configuration. Compared with the existing plate, while maintaining the same external dimensions, the battery capacity is improved, so that the capacity of a single positive plate reaches 10Ah, which is twice the 5Ah of the traditional design. After the plate surface size of the present invention is expanded, the current transmission path is shortened, the internal resistance is reduced by 15-20%, and the number of plates is reduced, the number of connection points is reduced, and the reliability is improved. As the number of plates is reduced, the internal resistance is further reduced, so that the battery discharge performance and cycle life are maintained while reducing the amount of lead material.

[0051] A battery prepared using the positive electrode plate of the present invention, for example, with a capacity of 20 Ah, uses two positive plates and three negative plates. The capacity of the positive plate is 20 Ah / 2 = 10 Ah, and the capacity of the negative plate is 20 Ah / 3 = 6.67 Ah.

[0052] Calculation method of plate capacity: refer to the national standard GB / T 22199.1-2017 "Valve-regulated lead-acid batteries for electric power-assisted vehicles" Part 1: Technical conditions, the capacity is 2-hour rate capacity, and the plate capacity = capacity / number of single-cell plates.

[0053] Compared with the prior art: the power battery currently on the market, with a capacity of 20Ah, uses 4 positive plates and 5 negative plates, the positive plate capacity = 20Ah / 4 = 5Ah, and the negative plate capacity = 20Ah / 5 = 4Ah; the battery prepared using the positive plate of the present invention in this embodiment, such as a battery with a capacity of 20Ah, uses 2 positive plates and 3 negative plates, the positive plate capacity = 20Ah / 2 = 10Ah, and the negative plate capacity = 20Ah / 3 = 6.67Ah.

[0054] The amount of alloy 10 used for the positive plate is 0.569~0.853g / cm 3 , specifically, it can be selected as one of the following specific values ​​or a range between any two of them: 0.569, 0.570, 0.571, 0.572, 0.573...0.849, 0.850, 0.851, 0.852, 0.853.

[0055] The alloy dosage of the positive electrode plate 10 is 2.0-3.0 g / Ah, which can be specifically selected from one of the following specific values ​​or a range between any two of them: 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 3.0.

[0056] The amount of active material used in the positive electrode plate is 15.0~16.5g / Ah, which can be specifically selected from one of the following specific values ​​or a range between any two of them: 15.0, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3...15.8, 15.9, 16.0, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 16.4, 16.5.

[0057] The amount of active material used in the positive plate is 4.266~4.692g / cm 3 , specifically, it can be selected as one of the following specific values ​​or a range between any two of them: 4.266, 4.267, 4.268, 4.269, 4.270, 4.271..., 4.690, 4.691, 4.692.

[0058] The positive electrode plate 10 includes at least one positive grid 30 with a tab 31 , which simplifies the plate assembly process and improves production yield.

[0059] The active material of the positive plate is lead paste containing tinned carbon nanotubes and glass nanotubes. Adding 0.5-2.0 wt% of tinned carbon nanotubes to the lead paste creates good ohmic contact between the metal coating on its surface and the lead matrix, helping to build a three-dimensional continuous conductive network. This improves the plate's electronic conductivity while reducing the amount of active material used to achieve the same plate output capacity. This increases the active material utilization rate from the traditional 25-35% to 40-50%. Simultaneously introducing 1-3 wt% of glass nanotubes into the lead paste improves the timely delivery of sulfuric acid electrolyte to the positive plate 10 during discharge, significantly reducing concentration polarization, increasing the voltage drop during discharge, and improving the active material utilization rate. This allows the use of less active material while achieving the same plate output capacity. The tinned carbon nanotubes and glass nanotubes form a dual continuous "electron-ion" transport network, reducing the amount of active material used by 10-20% under the same capacity output conditions.

[0060] The lead paste in this embodiment is prepared by mixing lead powder, water, sulfuric acid and additives, wherein the additives are tin-plated carbon nanotubes and glass nanotubes.

[0061] Example 2:

[0062] See attached Figure 6As shown, between the grid rib portion 63 and the active material aggregation layer 61 is the corrosion layer 62. Outside the active material aggregation layer 61 is the lead paste portion 60. During the plate curing and battery formation processes, a corrosion layer with high internal resistance is likely to form on the grid surface, increasing the battery internal resistance, resulting in a reduction in battery capacity and a shortening of battery life.

[0063] During plate curing, a corrosion layer 62 of a mixture of PbO and Pb(OH)2 forms on the grid surface.

[0064] During plate curing, a corrosion layer 62 forms on the grid surface. At the beginning, the corrosion layer is very thin, and as the curing time prolongs, oxygen diffuses through the corrosion layer and continues to oxidize the grid rib portion 63 of the grid matrix, and the corrosion layer 62 gradually thickens. During battery formation, oxygen passes through the corrosion layer 62 and enters the grid surface, and Pb on the grid surface is oxidized to PbO, and the generated PbO has a very high internal resistance. PbO is continuously oxidized to PbO n (1 < n < 2), and then oxidized to PbO2. If the formation rate of PbO is higher than the rate of further oxidation to PbO2, a high-resistance PbO layer will form on the grid surface, resulting in a decrease in battery capacity.

[0065] Therefore, the positive grid 30 of the present invention undergoes surface treatment, and the surface treatment process method is as follows:

[0066] 1.1 Multi-pass rolling process <00001,67>The grid is made from a lead plate about 15 mm thick through a 7 - 9 pass rolling process. Due to the grid being processed through the multi-pass rolling process, the density and strength of the alloy are very high, and the corrosion resistance ability is strong. Less grid alloy can be used to meet the usage requirements during the battery life cycle. Then, the rolled grid is heat-treated at a high temperature of 80°C - 90°C for 12 - 24 hours, and the hardness of the grid is increased, which is convenient for improving the coating efficiency and qualification rate.

[0068] After multi-pass rolling treatment, the grid thickness reaches 0.3 - 0.6 mm.

[0069] [[ID=2,3]]The present invention uses the rolling process to enhance the density and strength of the alloy, and the corrosion resistance ability is strong. Refer to the metallographic diagram of the grid without rolling treatment in the appendix Figure 7 and the metallographic diagram of the grid processed through 7 - 9 pass rolling process in the appendix Figure 8 It can be seen that after being processed through 7 - 9 pass rolling process, the density of the grid alloy is increased and its surface structure is dense.

[0070] 1.​​The corona process is as follows: The gas near the lead surface is ionized by a high-voltage electrode, generating active particles such as high-energy electrons, ozone (O3), and oxygen free radicals (·O). These particles react with the lead surface in the following ways:

[0072] Oxidation: Lead (Pb) reacts with active oxygen to form lead dioxide or other lead oxides (PbO2 or PbO n ), forming a thin oxide layer: Pb+O3 / O2→PbO2 / PbO n ;

[0073] Surface activation: High-energy particles bombard the lead surface, breaking molecular bonds and introducing polar groups, increasing surface energy;

[0074] Cleaning effect: Corona discharge can remove organic pollutants or oxides on the surface and improve cleanliness.

[0075] The voltage of the high-voltage transmission line of the high-voltage electrode is 1kV to 20kV, and the gas referred to in the above content includes but is not limited to air.

[0076] After multiple roll-rolling and high-temperature heat treatment, the positive grid is obtained. The surface structure of the positive grid is dense and corrosion-resistant, but the surface energy is low and the bonding strength with the active material of the plate is poor. These defects can be improved by using the corona process to treat the grid surface.

[0077] See also Figure 9 The SEM image of the positive grid shown here is not subjected to the corona treatment process, and Figure 10 The SEM image of the positive grid after the corona treatment process is shown. It can be seen that the surface area of ​​the positive grid becomes larger after the corona treatment, which is conducive to the subsequent spraying of the positive grid 30 and the combination with the positive plate active material.

[0078] 1.3 Positive grid surface spraying process

[0079] After multiple roll-rolling and high-temperature heat treatment, the grid surface structure is dense and corrosion-resistant, but the surface energy is low, and the bonding strength with the plate active material is poor. The grid surface is evenly sprayed with an antimony compound suspension, and then the sprayed grid is dried in a high-temperature oven.

[0080] The mass percentage of the above-mentioned antimony compound suspension is 1%~5%, and the components of the antimony compound suspension are: antimony trioxide and water. The spraying speed is 10 meters to 30 meters per minute, and the oven temperature for drying in the high-temperature oven is 90~120 degrees.

[0081] Grids sprayed with an antimony compound suspension have a strong bond with the active material, improving conductivity and reducing interface resistance between the active material and the grid. After the antimony compound suspension is sprayed on the corona-treated grid surface, the antimony compound and lead oxide interpenetrate, forming a transition layer between the grid surface and the active material with good conductivity and low interface resistance.

[0082] Antimony compounds can achieve the conversion of catalytically active substances: antimony ions act as catalysts for the nucleation of lead dioxide (PbO2), which is beneficial to the formation of PbO2 on the grid surface and improves the conductivity between the active substance and the grid interface.

[0083] Electrochemical synergistic effect: Antimony ions reduce the overpotential of PbO2 / PbSO4 conversion and accelerate the reaction kinetics.

[0084]

[0085] Example 3:

[0086] In this embodiment, the positive plate 10 of the present invention utilizes a large-surface structure. This reduces the number of positive and negative plates used in the battery's components. The dimensions of a single positive plate are 148 mm x 132 mm, compared to the 140 mm x 66 mm dimensions of conventional plates. This area is approximately twice that of a typical lead-acid battery plate used in commercially available electric bicycles. The positive plate 10 includes a post 20.

[0087] In this embodiment, the parameters of the positive and negative plates are as follows:

[0088] Positive plate: Single-piece positive plate weight: 20~30g; Single-piece positive electrode active material weight: 150~165g; Single-piece positive plate capacity: 10Ah; Alloy dosage: 2.0~3.0g / Ah, which is approximately 37.5% lower than the alloy dosage of existing single-piece positive plate; Active material dosage: 15.0~16.5g / Ah, which is approximately 9.64% lower than that of existing positive plates.

[0089] Negative plate: Single-piece negative plate weight: 13~16.5g; Single-piece negative electrode active material weight: 65~86g; Single-piece negative plate capacity: 6.67Ah; Alloy dosage: 1.95~2.47g / Ah, which is approximately 29.1% lower than the alloy dosage of existing single-piece negative plate; Active material dosage: 9.7~12.9g / Ah, which is approximately 33.1% lower than that of existing negative plates.

[0090] In this embodiment, the configuration of the single cell plates is as follows:

[0091] Number of positive plates: 2, total alloy weight: 40~60g, total active material weight: 300~330g.

[0092] Number of negative plates: 3, total alloy weight: 39~49.5g, total active material weight: 195~258g.

[0093] The single cell battery of the present invention uses two positive plates and three negative plates. Compared with the prior art solution that requires four positive plates and five negative plates for a single cell battery, the solution of the present invention optimizes the size structure of the positive and negative plates and reduces the number of positive and negative plates, thereby achieving lightweighting of the single cell battery, reducing internal resistance, improving assembly efficiency and ensuring battery performance.

[0094] Table 1 shows a comparison between the single cell solution of the present invention and existing batteries.

[0095] Table 1

[0096]

[0097] Note: Calculation method of plate capacity: refer to the national standard GB / T 22199.1-2017 "Valve-regulated lead-acid batteries for electric power-assisted vehicles" Part 1: Technical conditions. The capacity is the 2-hour rate capacity. Plate capacity = capacity / number of plates per cell.

[0098] Currently, the power batteries on the market have a capacity of 20Ah using 4 positive plates and 5 negative plates. The positive plate capacity = 20Ah / 4 = 5Ah, and the negative plate capacity = 20Ah / 5 = 4Ah. A battery prepared using the positive plate of the present invention, such as a battery with a capacity of 20Ah, uses 2 positive plates and 3 negative plates. The positive plate capacity = 20Ah / 2 = 10Ah, and the negative plate capacity = 20Ah / 3 = 6.67Ah.

[0099] As can be seen from Table 1 above, the solution of this aspect significantly reduces the amount of alloy and active material used per unit capacity through large-plate design, with a 37.5% reduction in positive electrode alloy and a 33.1% reduction in negative electrode active material. The number of electrode plates used in the present invention is reduced, from 4 to 2 positive plates and from 5 to 3 negative plates, reducing internal resistance and improving assembly efficiency. The solution of the present invention achieves an increase in the capacity of a single positive plate from 5Ah to 10Ah, while optimizing material distribution to ensure high energy density.

[0100] The length of the single positive plate in this embodiment is not limited to 148 mm, and can also be 60 mm, 60.1 mm, 60.2 mm, ... 65 mm, 65.1 mm, 65.2 mm, 65.3 mm, ... 75 mm, 75.1 mm, 75.2 mm, 75.3 mm, 75.4 mm, ... 90 mm, 90.1 mm, 90.2 mm, 90.3 mm, 90.4 mm, 90. 5mm, 90.6mm……120mm, 120.1mm, 120.2mm, 120.3mm, 120.4mm, 120.5mm, 120.6mm, 120.7mm……1 48mm, 148.1mm, 148.2mm, 148.3mm, 148.4mm, 148.5mm, 148.6mm, 148.7mm, 148.8mm...200mm.

[0101] The width of the single positive plate in this embodiment is not limited to 132 mm, and can also be 60 mm, 60.1 mm, 60.2 mm, ... 65 mm, 65.1 mm, 65.2 mm, 65.3 mm, ... 75 mm, 75.1 mm, 75.2 mm, 75.3 mm, 75.4 mm, ... 90 mm, 90.1 mm, 90.2 mm, 90.3 mm, 90.4 mm, 90. 5mm, 90.6mm……120mm, 120.1mm, 120.2mm, 120.3mm, 120.4mm, 120.5mm, 120.6mm, 120.7mm……1 48mm, 148.1mm, 148.2mm, 148.3mm, 148.4mm, 148.5mm, 148.6mm, 148.7mm, 148.8mm...200mm.

[0102] In this embodiment, the amount of active material used in the positive electrode plate is g / cm 3 The range can be: 4.266-4.436g / cm 3 , specifically, it can be selected as one of the following specific values ​​or a range between any two of them: 4.266, 4.267, 4.268, 4.269, 4.270, 4.271...4.431, 4.432, 4.433, 4.434, 4.435, 4.436.

[0103] Example 4:

[0104] See attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 4As shown, the positive grid 30 consists of a rectangular frame 33 and internal reinforcement ribs. The frame 33 includes two horizontally arranged horizontal frames and two vertically arranged vertical frames, which together form a closed frame. A network of crisscrossing reinforcement ribs is arranged inside the frame. The horizontal ribs 34 are arranged in parallel at equal intervals and welded to the two vertical frames at both ends. The vertical ribs 32 are arranged in parallel at equal intervals and significantly outnumber the horizontal ribs 34. They are welded to the two horizontal frames at both ends. The tab 31, which serves as the current conducting component, extends vertically outward from the center of one of the horizontal frames. The intersections of all horizontal ribs 34 and vertical ribs 32, as well as the edges of the ribs, are chamfered to eliminate stress concentration and improve structural reliability.

[0105] The crisscrossing equally spaced horizontal ribs 34 and vertical ribs 32 form a uniform grid support, which, together with the rectangular frame of the frame 33, effectively enhances the grid's anti-deformation ability, reduces stress damage during the charge and discharge cycle, and extends its service life. The densely distributed vertical ribs 32, which are more in number than the horizontal ribs 34, shorten the current conduction path and reduce internal resistance. At the same time, the longitudinal extension design of the tab 31 further reduces the current collection impedance and improves the charge and discharge efficiency. The equally spaced arrangement and chamfering treatment of the ribs expand the effective area of ​​the electrode reaction, avoid local stress concentration, prevent the active material from falling off, and ensure capacity retention. The chamfered structure reduces the risk of burrs during stamping or casting, improves production yield, and facilitates the uniform filling of lead paste in the paste coating process, thereby improving electrode consistency.

[0106] A single cell battery includes a positive electrode plate 10, a negative electrode plate and a separator.

[0107] Example 5:

[0108] This embodiment provides a process for manufacturing a positive plate for a lead-acid battery using the present invention. The process steps are as follows:

[0109] Step 1: Plate Manufacturing

[0110] The positive and negative plates are manufactured. The dimensions of the positive plate are: length 148 mm × width 132 mm × thickness 0.50 mm; grid weight: 20 g; active material weight: 165 g; single plate capacity: 10 Ah;

[0111] The negative plate dimensions are: length 148mm × width 132mm × thickness 0.30mm; grid weight: 13g; active material weight: 86g; single plate capacity: 6.67Ah.

[0112] Plate preparation process: Use a plate coating machine to evenly coat the active material on the grid to form a wet plate. The wet plate is cured and dried in a curing and drying furnace to finally obtain a dry plate for battery assembly.

[0113] Step 2: Battery Pack Assembly

[0114] Plate combination: 2 positive plates and 3 negative plates are stacked alternately to optimize current distribution and active material utilization.

[0115] -Separator setting: Two 0.6mm thick AGM separators are wrapped around the outside of the positive plate. The separator size is slightly larger than the electrode to ensure effective isolation and prevent short circuit.

[0116] Tab welding: Weld the tabs of two positive plates in parallel and connect the positive lead terminal; weld the tabs of three negative plates in parallel and connect the negative lead terminal; Battery capacity: Since two 10Ah positive plates are connected in parallel, the nominal capacity of the battery is 20Ah.

[0117] Step 3: Battery formation and performance testing

[0118] Electrolyte injection: Add an appropriate amount of dilute sulfuric acid with a density of 1.260g / ml to the battery plastic container.

[0119] Formation process: The "three charges and two discharges" formation process is used for charging to optimize the plate activation effect.

[0120] Capacity test:

[0121] Test conditions: 10A constant current discharge, termination voltage 1.75V.

[0122] -Test results: The discharge time reached 2 hours and 5 minutes, and the calculated capacity was 20.8Ah, exceeding the nominal capacity by 20Ah, indicating that the battery has good active material utilization and discharge performance.

[0123] This battery utilizes an optimized plate design, precise coating process, and rational assembly method to ensure high energy density and stable discharge performance. The measured capacity exceeds the nominal value.

[0124] Example 6:

[0125] This embodiment provides a process for manufacturing a positive plate for a lead-acid battery using the present invention. The process steps are as follows:

[0126] Step 1: Plate Manufacturing

[0127] The positive and negative plates are manufactured. The dimensions of the positive plate are: length 148 mm × width 132 mm × thickness 0.55 mm; grid weight: 25 g; active material weight: 160 g; single plate capacity: 10 Ah;

[0128] The negative plate dimensions are: length 148mm × width 132mm × thickness 0.35mm; grid weight: 14.5g; active material weight: 80g; single plate capacity: 6.67Ah.

[0129] Plate preparation process: Use a plate coating machine to evenly coat the active material on the grid to form a wet plate. The wet plate is cured and dried in a curing and drying furnace to finally obtain a dry plate for battery assembly.

[0130] Step 2: Battery Pack Assembly

[0131] Plate combination: 2 positive plates and 3 negative plates are stacked alternately to optimize current distribution and active material utilization.

[0132] -Separator setting: Two 0.6mm thick AGM separators are wrapped around the outside of the positive plate. The separator size is slightly larger than the electrode to ensure effective isolation and prevent short circuit.

[0133] Tab welding: Weld the tabs of two positive plates in parallel and connect the positive lead terminal; weld the tabs of three negative plates in parallel and connect the negative lead terminal; Battery capacity: Since two 10Ah positive plates are connected in parallel, the nominal capacity of the battery is 20Ah.

[0134] Step 3: Battery formation and performance testing

[0135] Electrolyte injection: Add an appropriate amount of dilute sulfuric acid with a density of 1.260g / ml to the battery plastic container.

[0136] Formation process: The "three charges and two discharges" formation process is used for charging to optimize the plate activation effect.

[0137] Capacity test:

[0138] Test conditions: 10A constant current discharge, termination voltage 1.75V.

[0139] -Test results: The discharge time reached 2 hours and 4 minutes, and the calculated capacity was 20.6Ah, exceeding the nominal capacity by 20Ah, indicating that the battery has good active material utilization and discharge performance.

[0140] This battery utilizes an optimized plate design, precise coating process, and rational assembly method to ensure high energy density and stable discharge performance. The measured capacity exceeds the nominal value.

[0141] Example 7:

[0142] This embodiment provides a process for manufacturing a positive plate for a lead-acid battery using the present invention. The process steps are as follows:

[0143] Step 1: Plate Manufacturing

[0144] The positive and negative plates are manufactured. The dimensions of the positive plate are: length 148 mm × width 132 mm × thickness 0.60 mm; grid weight: 30 g; active material weight: 150 g; single plate capacity: 10 Ah;

[0145] The negative plate dimensions are: length 148mm × width 132mm × thickness 0.40mm; grid weight: 16.5g; active material weight: 65g; single plate capacity: 6.67Ah.

[0146] Plate preparation process: Use a plate coating machine to evenly coat the active material on the grid to form a wet plate. The wet plate is cured and dried in a curing and drying furnace to finally obtain a dry plate for battery assembly.

[0147] Step 2: Battery Pack Assembly

[0148] Plate combination: 2 positive plates and 3 negative plates are stacked alternately to optimize current distribution and active material utilization.

[0149] -Separator setting: Two 0.6mm thick AGM separators are wrapped around the outside of the positive plate. The separator size is slightly larger than the electrode to ensure effective isolation and prevent short circuit.

[0150] Tab welding: Weld the tabs of two positive plates in parallel and connect the positive lead terminal; weld the tabs of three negative plates in parallel and connect the negative lead terminal; Battery capacity: Since two 10Ah positive plates are connected in parallel, the nominal capacity of the battery is 20Ah.

[0151] Step 3: Battery formation and performance testing

[0152] Electrolyte injection: Add an appropriate amount of dilute sulfuric acid with a density of 1.260g / ml to the battery plastic container.

[0153] Formation process: The "three charges and two discharges" formation process is used for charging to optimize the plate activation effect.

[0154] Capacity test:

[0155] Test conditions: 10A constant current discharge, termination voltage 1.75V.

[0156] -Test results: The discharge time reached 2 hours and 1 minute, and the calculated capacity was 20.2Ah, exceeding the nominal capacity of 20Ah, indicating that the battery has good active material utilization and discharge performance.

[0157] This battery utilizes an optimized plate design, precise coating process, and rational assembly method to ensure high energy density and stable discharge performance. The measured capacity exceeds the nominal value.

[0158] Example 8:

[0159] This embodiment provides a further optimization solution based on embodiment 1. Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 5As shown, the positive electrode plate of the present invention forms a single-cell battery after battery assembly. The end of the single-cell battery is provided with a main body 50, which is a long strip structure. The main body 50 is provided with at least two annular cavities. The annular cavities have a cylindrical inner cavity that penetrates the main body 50, and the pole 20 can pass through the cylindrical inner cavity. An insert 51 is provided on the annular cavity. The pole 20 is detachably provided with a pole cap 51. The insert 51 has a circular hole that allows the pole cap 51 and the pole 20 to pass through. The annular cavity can store glue. The edge of the circular hole of the insert 51 has a groove. The groove is provided to facilitate the removal of the pole cap 51 so that the pole 20 can be welded to the connecting piece later, thereby minimizing damage to the glue sealing layer.

[0160] Buckles and clamping heads 52 are provided on both sides of the main body 50. The clamping heads 52 correspond to the buckle structure and can form a snap-fit ​​relationship between the two. Adjacent single-cell batteries can be snap-fitted to the buckles through the clamping heads 52. The single-cell batteries are covered with a packaging bag 40 that is partially connected to the main body 50.

[0161] In this specification, Pb refers to lead, PbO refers to lead oxide, and PbO n It is a higher-order oxide of lead, PbO2 is lead dioxide, and Pb(OH)2 is lead hydroxide.

[0162] It should also be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a communication between the internal parts of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0163] The embodiments and / or implementation methods described above are only used to illustrate the preferred embodiments and / or implementation methods for realizing the technology of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the implementation methods of the technology of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make slight changes or modifications to other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical means disclosed in the content of the present invention, but they should still be regarded as technologies or embodiments that are essentially the same as the present invention.

[0164] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of this application. The above is only the preferred implementation method of this application. It should be pointed out that due to the limitations of textual expression, there are objectively infinite specific structures. For ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of this application, they can also make several improvements, modifications or changes, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, changes or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other occasions without improvement, should be regarded as the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A positive plate for a lead-acid battery, characterized in that: The positive plate alloy dosage is 2.0-3.0 g / Ah, and the positive plate includes a positive grid and a positive plate active material; Weight of a single positive plate grid: 20-30g; Weight of a single positive active material: 150-165g; Capacity of a single positive plate: 10Ah; The positive grid has been surface treated. The surface treatment process is as follows: 1) Multi-pass rolling process: The positive grid is made by rolling a 15mm thick lead plate through 7 to 9 rolling processes. The rolled grid is then heat treated at 80°C to 90°C for 12 to 24 hours. After the multi-pass rolling process, the grid thickness reaches 0.3 to 0.6mm. 2) Corona treatment of the grid surface, the high voltage transmission line voltage of the high voltage electrode is 1kV to 20kV; 3) Spraying treatment on the surface of the positive grid: spray a uniform suspension of antimony compounds on the surface of the positive grid, and then dry the sprayed grid in a high-temperature oven; the components of the suspension of antimony compounds are: antimony trioxide and water, the spraying speed is 10 meters to 30 meters per minute, and the oven temperature for drying in the high-temperature oven is 90 to 120 degrees.

2. A positive plate for a lead-acid battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive plate alloy dosage is 0.569~0.853g / cm 3 .

3. A positive plate for a lead-acid battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of active material used in the positive plate is 4.266-4.692 g / cm 3 .

4. A positive plate for a lead-acid battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of active material used in the positive electrode plate is 15.0-16.5 g / Ah.

5. A positive plate for a lead-acid battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active material of the positive electrode plate is lead paste, and the lead paste contains tin-plated carbon nanotubes and glass nanotubes.

6. A single cell battery, characterized in that: The single cell comprises the positive electrode plate, the negative electrode plate and the separator for the lead-acid battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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