Composite cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaic power generation, and discloses a composite cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system which comprises a solar photovoltaic panel, a liquid cooling piece and a thermoelectric power generation unit, the liquid cooling piece is fixed to the back face of the solar photovoltaic panel, and a cavity, a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the liquid cooling piece, and the water inlet and the water outlet are communicated with the cavity; the water inlet is suitable for communicating with a cold water source; the intelligent monitoring and control module is configured to detect the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel and adjust the circulation speed of liquid in the cavity of the liquid cooling piece according to the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel; the circulating speed is in direct proportion to the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel; the thermoelectric power generation unit is provided with a hot end and a cold end corresponding to the hot end, the hot end is communicated with the water outlet in the liquid cooling piece, and the cold end is suitable for being communicated with a cold water source. The temperature difference power generation unit is used for converting waste heat generated by the solar photovoltaic panel into electric energy, and multi-stage utilization of solar energy is achieved. And the intelligent monitoring and control module is used for controlling the circulation speed of the liquid in the cavity of the liquid cooling piece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaic power generation, and particularly to a composite cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing urgency of the global demand for clean energy, solar energy has become a research hotspot in the energy field due to its green and environmental protection characteristics. As a renewable resource, solar energy can not only effectively reduce the dependence on fossil fuels but also significantly reduce carbon emissions.

[0003] Among the many technical paths for solar energy utilization, photovoltaic power generation is undoubtedly one of the most concerned directions. Under laboratory conditions, with high-precision equipment and ideal condition control, the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic panels can usually exceed 40%. However, there are significant differences between the ideal conditions in the laboratory and the actual outdoor application environment, which has also become a key factor restricting the further improvement of photovoltaic power generation efficiency. In outdoor applications, due to the long-term direct sunlight on the photovoltaic panels, the heat on their surfaces continuously accumulates, and the working temperature rises sharply. The high-temperature environment will change the physical properties of the semiconductor materials inside the photovoltaic panels, significantly accelerating the recombination rate of electron-hole pairs. These electron-hole pairs that could have been used to generate current recombine prematurely at high temperatures, resulting in a significant reduction in the photovoltaic effect. Therefore, the actual power generation efficiency of photovoltaic panels is often only half or even lower than the laboratory efficiency. This phenomenon not only limits the overall performance of photovoltaic power generation systems but also causes waste of solar energy resources. Thus, how to effectively reduce the working temperature of photovoltaic panels has become a key issue in improving the efficiency of solar energy utilization.

[0004] Traditional cooling methods, such as water circulation cooling, although alleviating the overheating problem of photovoltaic panels to a certain extent, their effects are still limited. Moreover, water circulation cooling depends on external energy input and is difficult to accurately control the temperature of photovoltaic panels, resulting in a still significant loss of energy conversion efficiency. In addition, traditional cooling methods also have deficiencies in system coordination and comprehensive energy utilization, and cannot fully release the potential of solar energy. Therefore, finding a more efficient and low-energy-consuming cooling technology has become an important research direction in the solar energy field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a composite cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system to solve the problems of deficiencies in system coordination and comprehensive energy utilization of traditional cooling methods.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a composite cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system, comprising:

[0007] Solar photovoltaic panels;

[0008] The liquid cooling component is fixed on the back of the solar photovoltaic panel. A cavity, a water inlet communicating with the cavity and a water outlet are provided inside the liquid cooling component; the water inlet is adapted to be communicated with a cold water source;

[0009] The intelligent monitoring and control module is configured to detect the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel and adjust the circulation speed of the liquid inside the cavity of the liquid cooling component according to the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel; the circulation speed is proportional to the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel;

[0010] The thermoelectric generation unit has a hot end and a cold end arranged corresponding to the hot end. The hot end is communicated with the water outlet on the liquid cooling component, and the cold end is adapted to be communicated with a cold water source.

[0011] Beneficial effects: By fixing a liquid cooling component on the back of the solar photovoltaic panel, a cavity, a water inlet communicating with the cavity and a water outlet are provided inside the liquid cooling component. The water inlet is adapted to be communicated with a cold water source. Cold water is injected into the liquid cooling component through the water inlet. After absorbing the heat of the solar photovoltaic panel, the cold water flows out from the water outlet of the liquid cooling component and circulates reciprocally to achieve the cooling of the solar photovoltaic panel. By providing an intelligent monitoring and control module to detect the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel, the intelligent monitoring and control module adjusts the circulation speed of the liquid inside the cavity of the liquid cooling component according to the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel. Specifically, the circulation speed of the liquid inside the cavity of the liquid cooling component is proportional to the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel, that is, when the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel rises, the intelligent monitoring and control module controls the circulation speed of the liquid inside the cavity of the liquid cooling component to increase to improve the cooling capacity of the solar photovoltaic panel. When the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel drops, the intelligent monitoring and control module controls the circulation speed of the liquid inside the cavity of the liquid cooling component to slow down. By providing a thermoelectric generation unit, the thermoelectric generation unit has a hot end and a cold end arranged corresponding to the hot end. The hot end is communicated with the water outlet on the liquid cooling component, and the cold end is adapted to be communicated with a cold water source. The thermoelectric generation unit generates electricity by using the temperature difference generated at both ends of the device between the cooling water heated by taking away the heat of the solar photovoltaic panel and the cooling water directly injected into the cold end from the cold water source, and uses the thermoelectric generation unit to convert the waste heat generated by the solar photovoltaic panel into electric energy, realizing the multi-stage utilization of solar energy.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the composite cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system further includes a plate heat exchanger. The hot fluid inlet on the plate heat exchanger is communicated with the hot end of the thermoelectric generation unit, and the cold fluid inlet on the plate heat exchanger is communicated with the cold end of the thermoelectric generation unit;

[0013] Wherein, the high-temperature liquid inside the liquid cooling component enters the plate heat exchanger through the thermoelectric generation unit for heat exchange and then enters the liquid cooling component again through the water inlet on the liquid cooling component.

[0014] Beneficial effects: By providing a plate heat exchanger, the hot fluid inlet on the plate heat exchanger is connected to the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation unit. After the hot water flowing out of the water outlet of the liquid cooling component flows into the hot end water inlet of the thermoelectric power generation unit, it flows out of the hot end water outlet and into the hot water inlet of the plate heat exchanger. At the same time, the cold fluid inlet on the plate heat exchanger is connected to the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation unit. Therefore, after the domestic cold water from the cold water source flows into the cold end water inlet of the thermoelectric power generation unit, it flows out of the cold end water outlet and into the cold water inlet of the plate heat exchanger. Inside the plate heat exchanger, the hot and cold fluids exchange heat. After the hot water cools down, it is sent back to the water inlet of the liquid cooling component again, and the domestic water is heated and used as domestic hot water.

[0015] In an alternative embodiment, the composite cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system further includes a heat preservation hot water bucket, which is connected to the hot fluid outlet on the plate heat exchanger;

[0016] Wherein, the low-temperature liquid transported by the cold water source enters the plate heat exchanger through the thermoelectric power generation unit for heat exchange, and then enters the heat preservation hot water bucket from the hot fluid outlet on the plate heat exchanger.

[0017] In an alternative embodiment, the composite cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system further includes a water pump, and the water pump is connected between the cold fluid outlet of the plate heat exchanger and the water inlet of the liquid cooling component through a pipeline.

[0018] In an alternative embodiment, the composite cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system further includes a water pump and a first regulating valve. The first regulating valve is connected to the pipeline between the water pump and the water inlet of the liquid cooling component, and the first regulating valve is configured to be controlled by the intelligent monitoring and control module.

[0019] In an alternative embodiment, the thermoelectric power generation unit further includes a heat collecting plate, which is arranged at the upper end of the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation unit, and the heat collecting plate is configured to absorb the heat generated by the solar photovoltaic panel and transfer it to the hot end.

[0020] Beneficial effects: After the cooling water that has absorbed the heat of the solar photovoltaic panel flows into the water inlet of the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation unit, a temperature difference is formed with the cold water connected to the water inlet of the cold end. Based on the Seebeck effect, an electromotive force is generated at the PN junction, and electrons and holes move directionally to form an electric current. During this process, the heat collecting plate plays a role. It is located at the upper end of the hot end, made of a high thermal conductivity material, and the surface is specially treated, which can effectively absorb the heat generated by the solar photovoltaic panel and transfer it to the hot end, increasing the temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end and improving the power generation efficiency.

[0021] In an alternative embodiment, the composite cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system further includes a water pump and a radiative cooler. The liquid inlet on the radiative cooler is communicated with the liquid outlet on the liquid cooler, and the liquid outlet on the radiative cooler is communicated with the cold end of the thermoelectric generation unit and the water inlet of the liquid cooler.

[0022] Beneficial effects: During the high-temperature period in the daytime or when the temperature of the solar photovoltaic panel is still higher than the set threshold after being cooled by the water cycle, the passive startup mechanism of the radiative cooler comes into play. The specially treated material on the surface of the radiative cooler itself has the characteristics of high infrared emissivity and low solar absorptivity. Based on the principle of radiative heat transfer between the earth's surface and the cold cosmic background, it will spontaneously radiate heat to the cold sky background, causing its own temperature to decrease. The hot water flowing out from the liquid outlet of the liquid cooler, a part of it flows into the liquid inlet of the radiative cooler through the pipeline. Inside the radiative cooler, the hot water flows in the pipeline and dissipates heat and cools down by using the principle of radiative heat transfer. The cooled water flows out from the liquid outlet and is transported to the water inlet of the liquid cooler through the connecting pipeline to assist in cooling the solar photovoltaic panel. At night or in a low-temperature environment, due to the temperature difference change between the radiative cooler and the environment, and the reduced demand for the radiative cooler to regulate the temperature of the solar photovoltaic panel, the system naturally enters a state where it only relies on the water cycle cooling to maintain the temperature stability of the solar photovoltaic panel. Although the radiative cooler has not stopped operating at this time, due to environmental factors, its cooling effect has reached a new balance with the water cycle cooling and no longer plays a significant role as in the high-temperature period, achieving an adaptive adjustment of the system cooling method as a whole.

[0023] In an alternative embodiment, the composite cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system further includes a water pump and a second regulating valve. The second regulating valve is arranged on the pipeline between the liquid outlet of the radiative cooler and the water inlet of the liquid cooler, and the second regulating valve is configured to be controlled by the intelligent monitoring and control module.

[0024] Beneficial effects: When the temperature of the solar photovoltaic panel rises, the intelligent monitoring and control module will increase the flow rate and velocity of the cooling water by automatically controlling the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve, accelerating the transfer and dissipation of heat; while when the temperature drops to an appropriate range, the control module will correspondingly reduce the flow rate and velocity of the cooling water to achieve the purpose of energy saving and stable operation. Through this intelligent control method, the solar photovoltaic panel can always maintain the best working state and provide stable and efficient electric energy output for the entire system.

[0025] In an alternative embodiment, the radiative cooler is configured to start when the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel is higher than the set threshold.

[0026] In an alternative embodiment, a temperature sensor is provided on the solar photovoltaic panel, and the intelligent monitoring and control module is electrically connected to the temperature sensor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a composite cooling type solar multi - stage utilization power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 Flow chart of the water cycle of a composite cooling type solar multi - stage utilization power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Description of reference numerals:

[0031] 1, solar photovoltaic panel; 2, liquid cooling component; 3, intelligent monitoring and control module; 4, thermoelectric power generation unit; 41, hot end; 42, cold end; 5, plate heat exchanger; 6, insulated hot water bucket; 7, water pump; 8, radiative cooler; 9, first regulating valve; 10, second regulating valve: 11, heat collecting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0032] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] As the global demand for clean energy becomes increasingly urgent, solar energy has become a research hotspot in the energy field due to its green and environmentally friendly characteristics. As a renewable resource, solar energy can not only effectively reduce the dependence on fossil fuels but also significantly reduce carbon emissions. Among the many technical paths for solar energy utilization, photovoltaic power generation is undoubtedly one of the most concerned directions. Under laboratory conditions, with high-precision equipment and ideal condition control, the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic panels can usually exceed 40%. However, there are significant differences between the ideal conditions in the laboratory and the actual outdoor application environment, which has also become a key factor restricting the further improvement of photovoltaic power generation efficiency. In outdoor applications, due to the long-term direct sunlight on the photovoltaic panels, the heat on their surfaces continuously accumulates, and the working temperature rises sharply. The high-temperature environment will change the physical properties of the semiconductor materials inside the photovoltaic panels, significantly accelerating the recombination rate of electron-hole pairs. These electron-hole pairs could have been used to generate current but recombine prematurely at high temperatures, resulting in a significant reduction in the photovoltaic effect. Therefore, the actual power generation efficiency of photovoltaic panels is often only half or even lower than the laboratory efficiency. This phenomenon not only limits the overall performance of photovoltaic power generation systems but also causes waste of solar energy resources. Thus, how to effectively reduce the working temperature of photovoltaic panels has become a key issue in improving the efficiency of solar energy utilization. Traditional cooling methods, such as water circulation cooling, although alleviating the overheating problem of photovoltaic panels to a certain extent, still have limited effects. Moreover, water circulation cooling relies on external energy input and is difficult to accurately control the temperature of photovoltaic panels, resulting in a still significant loss of energy conversion efficiency. In addition, traditional cooling methods also have deficiencies in system coordination and comprehensive energy utilization and cannot fully release the potential of solar energy. Therefore, finding a more efficient and low-energy-consuming cooling technology has become an important research direction in the solar energy field.

[0034] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a composite cooling type solar multi-level utilization power generation system is provided, including a solar photovoltaic panel 1, a liquid cooling component 2, and a thermoelectric power generation unit 4. The liquid cooling component 2 is fixed on the back of the solar photovoltaic panel 1. The liquid cooling component 2 is internally provided with a cavity, an inlet and an outlet communicating with the cavity; the inlet is adapted to communicate with a cold water source; the intelligent monitoring and control module 3 is configured to detect the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel 1 and adjust the circulation speed of the liquid inside the cavity of the liquid cooling component 2 according to the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel 1; the circulation speed is proportional to the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel 1; the thermoelectric power generation unit 4 has a hot end 41 and a cold end 42 arranged corresponding to the hot end 41. The hot end 41 is communicated with the outlet on the liquid cooling component 2, and the cold end 42 is adapted to communicate with a cold water source.

[0035] In this embodiment, a liquid cooling component 2 is fixed to the back of the solar photovoltaic panel 1. The liquid cooling component 2 is provided with a cavity inside, as well as a water inlet and a water outlet communicating with the cavity. The water inlet is adapted to communicate with a cold water source, and the cold water source can be domestic cold water. Cold water is injected into the liquid cooling component 2 through the water inlet. After absorbing the heat of the solar photovoltaic panel 1, the cold water flows out from the water outlet of the liquid cooling component 2, and circulates reciprocally to achieve the cooling of the solar photovoltaic panel 1. The intelligent monitoring and control module 3 is provided to detect the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel 1. The intelligent monitoring and control module 3 adjusts the circulation speed of the liquid inside the cavity of the liquid cooling component 2 according to the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel 1. Specifically, the circulation speed of the liquid inside the cavity of the liquid cooling component 2 is proportional to the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel 1. That is, when the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel 1 rises, the intelligent monitoring and control module 3 controls the circulation speed of the liquid inside the cavity of the liquid cooling component 2 to increase, so as to improve the cooling capacity of the solar photovoltaic panel 1. When the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel 1 drops, the intelligent monitoring and control module 3 controls the circulation speed of the liquid inside the cavity of the liquid cooling component 2 to slow down. By providing a thermoelectric generation unit 4, the thermoelectric generation unit 4 has a hot end 41 and a cold end 42 arranged corresponding to the hot end 41. The hot end 41 is communicated with the water outlet on the liquid cooling component 2, and the cold end 42 is adapted to communicate with the cold water source. The thermoelectric generation unit 4 generates electricity by using the temperature difference generated at both ends of the device between the cooling water that has been heated by taking away the heat of the solar photovoltaic panel 1 and the cooling water directly injected into the cold end 42 by the cold water source. The thermoelectric generation unit 4 converts the waste heat generated by the solar photovoltaic panel 1 into electric energy, realizing the multi-level utilization of solar energy.

[0036] The solar photovoltaic panel 1 is the core component of this system. It is made of high-efficiency semiconductor materials and has good photoelectric conversion performance. Based on the photovoltaic effect, the photovoltaic panel can be directly converted into electric energy under the action of solar radiation. The surface of the solar photovoltaic panel 1 is treated with a special coating. This coating can enhance the absorption ability of sunlight and reduce the light reflection loss at the same time, thus effectively improving the utilization efficiency of light energy.

[0037] In this embodiment, the liquid cooling component 2 is a cooling water tank. The cooling water tank is closely attached to the back of the photovoltaic panel, forming an efficient heat transfer channel. A reasonable water flow channel structure is provided inside the water tank, namely an inlet and an outlet. The water inlet is located at the lower end of the cooling water tank, and the water outlet is located at the upper end. The cooling water flows into the cooling water tank from the water inlet, circulates inside the water tank to absorb the heat of the photovoltaic panel, and then flows out from the water outlet. This structure can ensure that the cooling water circulates evenly and smoothly, so as to absorb the heat generated by the solar photovoltaic panel 1 during operation to the greatest extent.

[0038] In this embodiment, the intelligent monitoring and control module 3 is connected to the temperature sensors installed on the surface of the solar photovoltaic panel 1, and can collect the temperature data of the solar photovoltaic panel 1 in real time. The intelligent algorithm built therein is used to obtain the temperature data, so as to accurately regulate the flow rate and velocity of the cooling water. The intelligent algorithm adopted by the intelligent monitoring and control module 3 is a prior art and can be directly used in this embodiment.

[0039] In one embodiment, the compound cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system further includes a plate heat exchanger 5. The hot fluid inlet on the plate heat exchanger 5 is communicated with the hot end 41 of the thermoelectric generation unit 4, and the cold fluid inlet on the plate heat exchanger 5 is communicated with the cold end 42 of the thermoelectric generation unit 4. Wherein, the high-temperature liquid inside the liquid cooling member 2 enters the plate heat exchanger 5 through the thermoelectric generation unit 4 for heat exchange, and then enters the inside of the liquid cooling member 2 again through the water inlet on the liquid cooling member 2.

[0040] By providing the plate heat exchanger 5, the hot fluid inlet on the plate heat exchanger 5 is communicated with the hot end 41 of the thermoelectric generation unit 4. The hot water flowing out from the water outlet of the liquid cooling member 2 flows into the water inlet of the hot end 41 of the thermoelectric generation unit 4, and then flows out from the water outlet of the hot end 41 and into the hot water inlet of the plate heat exchanger 5. At the same time, the cold fluid inlet on the plate heat exchanger 5 is communicated with the cold end 42 of the thermoelectric generation unit 4. Therefore, the domestic cold water from the cold water source flows into the water inlet of the cold end 42 of the thermoelectric generation unit 4, and then flows out from the water outlet of the cold end 42 and into the cold water inlet of the plate heat exchanger 5. Inside the plate heat exchanger 5, the hot and cold fluids exchange heat. After the hot water cools down, it is sent back to the water inlet of the liquid cooling member 2 again, and the domestic water is heated and used as domestic hot water.

[0041] In one embodiment, the compound cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system further includes a heat preservation hot water bucket 6, which is communicated with the hot fluid outlet on the plate heat exchanger 5. Wherein, the low-temperature liquid conveyed by the cold water source enters the plate heat exchanger 5 through the thermoelectric generation unit 4 for heat exchange, and then enters the heat preservation hot water bucket 6 from the hot fluid outlet on the plate heat exchanger 5 and is used as domestic hot water.

[0042] In one embodiment, the compound cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system further includes a water pump 7. The water pump 7 is connected between the cold fluid outlet of the plate heat exchanger 5 and the water inlet of the liquid cooling member 2 through a pipeline.

[0043] The domestic cold water from the cold water source flows into the water inlet of the cold end 42 of the thermoelectric generation unit 4, and then flows out from the water outlet of the cold end 42 and into the cold water inlet of the plate heat exchanger 5. Inside the plate heat exchanger 5, the hot and cold fluids exchange heat. After the hot water cools down, it is sent back to the water inlet of the liquid cooling member 2 again through the water pump 7.

[0044] In one embodiment, the composite cooling type solar multi - level utilization power generation system further includes a first regulating valve 9. The first regulating valve 9 is connected to the pipeline between the water pump 7 and the water inlet of the liquid cooling component 2, and the first regulating valve 9 is configured to be controlled by the intelligent monitoring and control module 3.

[0045] By controlling the on - off or the flow rate of the first regulating valve 9 through the intelligent monitoring and control module 3, the circulation speed of the liquid inside the liquid cooling component 2 can be controlled.

[0046] In one embodiment, the thermoelectric power generation unit 4 further includes a heat - collecting plate 11. The heat - collecting plate 11 is arranged at the upper end of the hot end 41 in the thermoelectric power generation unit 4, and the heat - collecting plate 11 is configured to absorb the heat generated by the solar photovoltaic panel 1 and transfer it to the hot end 41.

[0047] After the cooling water that has absorbed the heat of the solar photovoltaic panel 1 flows into the water inlet of the upper hot end 41 of the thermoelectric power generation unit 4, a temperature difference is formed with the cold water connected to the water inlet of the cold end 42. Based on the Seebeck effect, an electromotive force is generated at the PN junction, and electrons and holes move directionally to form an electric current. During this process, the heat - collecting plate 11 plays a role. It is located at the upper end of the hot end 41, made of a high - thermal - conductivity material, and its surface is specially treated. It can effectively absorb the heat generated by the solar photovoltaic panel 1 and transfer it to the hot end 41, increasing the temperature difference between the hot end 41 and the cold end 42 and improving the power generation efficiency.

[0048] In one embodiment, the composite cooling type solar multi - level utilization power generation system further includes a radiative cooler 8. The liquid inlet on the radiative cooler 8 is communicated with the liquid outlet on the liquid cooling component 2, and the liquid outlet on the radiative cooler 8 is communicated with the cold end 42 of the thermoelectric power generation unit 4 and the water inlet of the liquid cooling component 2.

[0049] By providing the radiative cooler 8, with the liquid inlet on the radiative cooler 8 communicated with the liquid outlet on the liquid cooling component 2 and the liquid outlet on the radiative cooler 8 communicated with the cold end 42 of the thermoelectric power generation unit 4 and the water inlet of the liquid cooling component 2, the cooling efficiency of the hot water flowing out of the liquid cooling component 2 is further improved through the radiative cooler 8, so as to improve the cooling efficiency of the solar photovoltaic panel 1.

[0050] In one embodiment, the radiative cooler 8 is configured to start when the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel 1 is higher than the set threshold.

[0051] During the high-temperature period of the day or when the temperature of the solar photovoltaic panel 1 remains higher than the set threshold after being cooled by water circulation, the passive startup mechanism of the radiative cooler 8 comes into play. The specially treated material on the surface of the radiative cooler 8 itself has the characteristics of high infrared emissivity and low solar absorptivity. Based on the principle of radiative heat transfer between the Earth's surface and the cold cosmic background, it will spontaneously radiate heat to the cold sky background, causing its own temperature to decrease. A part of the hot water flowing out from the water outlet of the liquid cooling component 2 flows into the liquid inlet of the radiative cooler 8 through a pipeline. Inside the radiative cooler 8, the hot water flows in the pipeline and dissipates heat and cools down by using the principle of radiative heat transfer. The cooled water flows out from the liquid outlet and is transported to the water inlet of the cold liquid cooling component 2 through a connecting pipeline to assist in cooling the solar photovoltaic panel 1. At night or in a low-temperature environment, due to the temperature difference change between the radiative cooler 8 and the environment, and the reduced demand for temperature regulation of the solar photovoltaic panel 1 by the sky radiative cooling effect, the system naturally remains in a state of maintaining the temperature stability of the solar photovoltaic panel 1 only by relying on water circulation cooling. Although the radiative cooler 8 has not stopped operating at this time, due to environmental factors, its cooling effect has reached a new balance with water circulation cooling and no longer plays a significant role as in the high-temperature period, achieving an adaptive adjustment of the system cooling method as a whole.

[0052] In one embodiment, the composite cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system further includes a second regulating valve 10. The second regulating valve 10 is arranged on the pipeline between the liquid outlet of the radiative cooler 8 and the water inlet of the liquid cooling component 2. The second regulating valve 10 is configured to be controlled by the intelligent monitoring and control module 3.

[0053] Similarly, the intelligent monitoring and control module 3 controls the liquid flow rate of the second regulating valve 10, and further controls the circulation speed of the liquid inside the cavity of the liquid cooling component 2.

[0054] Specifically, when the temperature of the solar photovoltaic panel 1 rises, the intelligent monitoring and control module 3 will increase the flow rate and velocity of the cooling water by automatically controlling the first regulating valve 9 and the second regulating valve 10 to accelerate the transfer and dissipation of heat; when the temperature drops to an appropriate range, the control module will correspondingly reduce the flow rate and velocity of the cooling water to achieve the purpose of energy conservation and stable operation. Through this intelligent control method, the solar photovoltaic panel 1 can always be maintained in the best working state, providing stable and efficient electrical energy output for the entire system.

[0055] The composite cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system provided in this embodiment combines two cooling methods of water circulation cooling and sky radiative cooling to ensure that the photovoltaic panel can maintain a lower working temperature in a high-temperature environment, thereby effectively improving the power generation efficiency. In addition to generating electricity using the photovoltaic panel, the waste heat is also converted into electrical energy through the thermoelectric generation unit 4 to achieve multi-stage utilization of solar energy. And through the intelligent monitoring and control module 3, the flow rate and velocity of the cooling water are adjusted in real time to ensure that the system is always in the best working state.

[0056] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A compound cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system, characterized in that, Comprising: A solar photovoltaic panel (1); A liquid cooler (2), fixed to the back of the solar photovoltaic panel (1), the liquid cooler (2) having a cavity inside and an inlet and an outlet communicating with the cavity; the inlet being adapted to communicate with a cold water source; An intelligent monitoring and control module (3), configured to detect the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel (1) and adjust the circulation speed of the liquid inside the cavity of the liquid cooler (2) according to the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel (1); the circulation speed being proportional to the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel (1); A thermoelectric power generation unit (4), having a hot end (41) and a cold end (42) arranged corresponding to the hot end (41), the hot end (41) communicating with the outlet of the liquid cooler (2), the cold end (42) being adapted to communicate with a cold water source.

2. The compound cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system according to claim 1, wherein It further includes a plate heat exchanger (5), the hot fluid inlet on the plate heat exchanger (5) communicating with the hot end (41) of the thermoelectric power generation unit (4), the cold fluid inlet on the plate heat exchanger (5) communicating with the cold end (42) of the thermoelectric power generation unit (4); Wherein, the high-temperature liquid inside the liquid cooler (2) enters the plate heat exchanger (5) through the thermoelectric power generation unit (4) for heat exchange and then enters the liquid cooler (2) again through the inlet of the liquid cooler (2).

3. The composite cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system according to claim 2, wherein, It further includes a heat preservation hot water bucket (6), communicating with the hot fluid outlet of the plate heat exchanger (5); Wherein, the low-temperature liquid conveyed by the cold water source enters the plate heat exchanger (5) through the thermoelectric power generation unit (4) for heat exchange and then enters the heat preservation hot water bucket (6) from the hot fluid outlet of the plate heat exchanger (5).

4. The composite cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system according to claim 2, wherein It further includes a water pump (7), the water pump (7) being connected between the cold fluid outlet of the plate heat exchanger (5) and the inlet of the liquid cooler (2) through a pipeline.

5. The composite cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system according to claim 4, characterized in that It further includes a first regulating valve (9), the first regulating valve (9) being connected to the pipeline between the water pump (7) and the inlet of the liquid cooler (2), the first regulating valve (9) being configured to be controlled by the intelligent monitoring and control module (3).

6. The composite cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The thermoelectric power generation unit (4) further includes a heat collecting plate (11), the heat collecting plate (11) being arranged at the upper end of the hot end (41) in the thermoelectric power generation unit (4), the heat collecting plate (11) being configured to absorb the heat generated by the solar photovoltaic panel (1) and transfer it to the hot end (41).

7. The compound cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It further includes a radiative cooler (8), the liquid inlet on the radiative cooler (8) communicating with the outlet of the liquid cooler (2), the liquid outlet on the radiative cooler (8) communicating with the cold end (42) of the thermoelectric power generation unit (4) and the inlet of the liquid cooler (2).

8. The composite cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system according to claim 7, characterized in that, It further includes a second regulating valve (10), the second regulating valve (10) being arranged on the pipeline between the liquid outlet of the radiative cooler (8) and the inlet of the liquid cooler (2), the second regulating valve (10) being configured to be controlled by the intelligent monitoring and control module (3).

9. The composite cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system according to claim 8, wherein, The radiative cooler (8) is configured to start when the temperature on the solar photovoltaic panel (1) is higher than a set threshold.

10. The compound cooling type solar multi-stage utilization power generation system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, A temperature sensor is provided on the solar photovoltaic panel (1), and the intelligent monitoring and control module (3) is electrically connected to the temperature sensor.

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