A seed priming method for improving early disease resistance of pepper seeds

Abstract

The invention discloses a seed priming method for improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds, which belongs to the field of agricultural planting and comprises the following steps: S1, pre-cleaning: soaking the seeds in sodium hypochlorite and then washing with sterile deionized water; S2, pulse phosphorylation activation treatment: adding seeds and activation solution to a pressure-resistant polypropylene container connected to a vacuum pipeline, evacuating to 0.08 MPa after sealing, returning to normal pressure after maintaining for 5-10 minutes, and then transferring to a constant temperature oscillator for phosphorylation activation treatment; S3, immune training treatment: transferring the seeds after phosphorylation activation treatment to a priming solution containing a suspension of UV-inactivated Phytophthora capsici spores and H2O2, and intermittent ventilation treatment; S4, stabilization treatment: transferring the seeds after immune training treatment to an ascorbic acid solution for treatment, filtering, and drying in the shade to obtain pepper seeds. The present invention solves the problem of immune response interruption caused by insufficient signal intensity and rapid protein turnover when stimulating using a simulated environment in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of agricultural planting and relates to a seed priming method for improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds. Background Art

[0002] In the existing technology, after Arabidopsis recognizes pathogenic bacteria, it will induce phosphorylation modification of the intracellular juxta-membrane region of its chitin co-receptor CERK1, causing the receptor to enter an "alert" state that lasts for more than 48 hours. During this stage, CERK1 can transmit chitin signals more quickly and longer, thereby giving the plant enhanced fungal resistance. Through actual research, it has been found that this principle can also be used to improve the disease resistance of pepper seeds. However, in the actual research and development process, the existing technology generally simulates a pathogenic environment to stimulate the seeds and uses the spontaneous changes of the seeds to achieve the "alert" state. However, this method causes the pepper seeds to be stimulated by pathogens in the environment. As the seeds mature, the "alert" state is maintained for a shorter time, which cannot cover the critical period of seed germination and cannot significantly improve the early disease resistance of pepper seeds. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a seed priming method for improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds, which solves the problem that after the pepper seeds are stimulated by pathogens, as the seeds mature and change, the seed protein turnover is relatively fast, resulting in a short maintenance time of the "alert" state, which cannot cover the critical period of seed germination and cannot achieve the effect of significantly improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A seed priming method for improving early disease resistance of pepper seeds comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1. Pre-cleaning: Soak the seeds in 1% sodium hypochlorite for 5-10 minutes, then rinse with sterile deionized water and dry to obtain pre-treated seeds.

[0007] S2. Pulse phosphorylation activation treatment: Add seeds and activation solution to a pressure-resistant polypropylene container connected to a vacuum line, seal it, evacuate to -0.08 MPa, maintain for 5-10 minutes, then return to normal pressure. Transfer the container to a constant temperature oscillator. The internal environment of the container is maintained at a temperature of 25-30°C and a humidity of ≥85% for 6-7 hours to perform phosphorylation activation treatment.

[0008] The activation solution includes the following components by mass fraction: 0.5-0.6% ATP-Mg 2+ Lyophilized powder, 2-3% Phytophthora capsici cell wall extract, 0.5-0.6% brazilin-cerium nanoparticles, Tris-HCl buffer;

[0009] S3, immune training treatment: transfer the seeds after phosphorylation activation treatment to a priming solution containing a suspension of UV-inactivated Phytophthora capsici spores and H2O2, and treat with intermittent aeration at 20°C;

[0010] S4. Stabilization treatment: transfer the seeds after immune training treatment to ascorbic acid solution, treat at 20-25° C. for 5-6 hours, filter, and dry in the shade to obtain pepper seeds.

[0011] The present invention stimulates activity through phosphorylation and establishes an "alert" state → simulates pathogen-induced immune memory → antioxidant stabilization of protein structure, thereby solving the problem of immune response interruption caused by insufficient signal intensity and rapid protein turnover when using simulated environments for stimulation in the prior art. While ensuring that the seeds have a high resistance to pepper phytophthora, the "alert" period is effectively extended.

[0012] Furthermore, the activation solution further comprises the following components in mass fractions: 1-1.5% hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, 0.8-1% sodium alginate, 0.4-0.5% PEG, 0.1-0.2% L-ascorbyl palmitate, and the remainder is Tris-HCl buffer.

[0013] Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, sodium alginate, PEG, L-ascorbyl palmitate as a bridge is to solve the ATP-Mg 2+ The problems of poor compatibility, stratification, precipitation, and oxidative inactivation that occur during the use and mixing of freeze-dried powder, pepper phytophthora cell wall extract, and brazilin-cerium nanoparticles ensure that the activation liquid has good stability and effectiveness during use.

[0014] Furthermore, the activation solution is prepared by the following method:

[0015] A. mixing brazilin-cerium nanoparticles and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, adding the mixture to a Tris-HCl buffer, ultrasonically dispersing the mixture at 30-35° C. for 10-15 minutes, adding L-ascorbyl palmitate, and stirring the mixture in the dark to obtain a first intermediate;

[0016] B. Add PEG to Tris-HCl buffer and mix well, then add cell wall extract of Phytophthora capsici, stir and mix well at 45-50° C., then add sodium alginate, and continue stirring to obtain a second intermediate;

[0017] C. Add ATP-Mg²⁺ lyophilized powder to the second intermediate, adjust the pH to 6.8-7.5, stir at 4-5°C in the dark for 1-1.5 hours, then add the first intermediate and shake at 200-300 rpm to obtain the activation solution.

[0018] Furthermore, the cell wall extract of Phytophthora capsici is prepared by the following method:

[0019] B1. Cultivating the capsici strain using a culture medium, collecting the mycelium, quick-freezing with liquid nitrogen, and then freeze-drying to a moisture content of <5% to obtain freeze-dried mycelium;

[0020] B2. The freeze-dried mycelium is physically broken and then enzymatically broken using a mixed enzyme of cellulase and β-1,3-glucanase. Finally, the mycelium is separated and purified, the precipitate is collected, and freeze-dried for storage to obtain a cell wall extract of Phytophthora capsici.

[0021] Furthermore, the specific method of the immune training treatment in S3 is: transferring the seeds after phosphorylation activation treatment to a priming solution containing a UV-inactivated pepper spore suspension and H2O2, and treating with intermittent ventilation at 20°C for 12 hours, with ventilation for 5 minutes every 2 hours.

[0022] Furthermore, the concentration of the ascorbic acid solution in S4 is 0.05% by mass, and the solvent is a citric acid-disodium hydrogen phosphate buffer solution with a pH of 5.5-6.0.

[0023] Furthermore, the concentration of UV-inactivated Phytophthora capsici spores in the S3 initiation solution was 1×10 5 -5×10 5 spores / mL, and the concentration of H2O2 was 0.03-0.05% by mass.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S2, seeds and activation liquid are added to a pressure-resistant polypropylene container connected to a vacuum line at a liquid-to-solid ratio of 3:1 (v / w).

[0025] Furthermore, the concentration of the Tris-HCl buffer is 20 mM, and the pH is 7.5-8.0.

[0026] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] 1. A seed priming method for improving early disease resistance in pepper seeds uses pulsed phosphorylation activation treatment to non-destructively open the substance transport channels within the seeds, preventing mechanical damage that could affect seed germination.

[0028] 2. The phosphorylation treatment of the present invention activates seed resistance, establishes basic resistance, and then combines immune training to enhance resistance, which can effectively improve seed resistance to pepper phytophthora;

[0029] 3. The present invention stimulates activity through phosphorylation and establishes an "alert" state, simulates pathogen-induced immune memory, and stabilizes the protein structure through antioxidant activity. This solves the problem of immune response interruption caused by insufficient signal intensity and rapid protein turnover when stimulating the protein using a simulated environment in the prior art. While ensuring that the seeds have a high resistance to pepper phytophthora, the "alert" period is effectively extended. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope. A person of ordinary skill in the art can also derive other relevant drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort, among which:

[0031] Figure 1 A block diagram of a seed priming method for improving early disease resistance in pepper seeds. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. That is, the embodiments described herein are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and illustrated in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0033] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely intended to represent selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the element.

[0035] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a seed priming method for improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds, comprising the following steps:

[0038] S1. Pre-cleaning: Soak the seeds in 1% sodium hypochlorite for 8 minutes, then rinse with sterile deionized water and dry to obtain pre-treated seeds.

[0039] S2. Pulse phosphorylation activation treatment: Add seeds and activation solution at a liquid-to-solid ratio of 3:1 (v / w) to a pressure-resistant polypropylene container connected to a vacuum line. Seal and evacuate to -0.08 MPa. Maintain the pressure for 10 minutes before returning to normal pressure. Transfer the container to a constant temperature oscillator. Maintain the internal environment at 30°C and 85% humidity for 7 hours to perform phosphorylation activation treatment.

[0040] The activation solution includes the following components by mass fraction: 0.5% ATP-Mg 2+ Lyophilized powder, 2% Phytophthora capsici cell wall extract, 0.5% brazilin-cerium nanoparticles, 1% hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, 0.8% sodium alginate, 0.4% PEG, 0.1% L-ascorbyl palmitate, and the balance is Tris-HCl buffer;

[0041] S3, immune training treatment: transfer the seeds after phosphorylation activation treatment to a priming solution containing a suspension of UV-inactivated Phytophthora capsici spores and H2O2, and treat them at 20°C with intermittent aeration for 12 hours, with aeration for 5 minutes every 2 hours;

[0042] S4. Stabilization treatment: transfer the seeds after immune training treatment to ascorbic acid solution, treat at 25° C. for 6 hours, filter, and dry in the shade to obtain pepper seeds.

[0043] The activation solution is prepared by the following method:

[0044] A. mixing brazilin-cerium nanoparticles and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, adding the mixture to a Tris-HCl buffer, ultrasonically dispersing the mixture at 30-35° C. for 10-15 minutes, adding L-ascorbyl palmitate, and stirring the mixture in the dark to obtain a first intermediate;

[0045] B. Add PEG to Tris-HCl buffer and mix well, then add cell wall extract of Phytophthora capsici, stir and mix well at 45-50° C., then add sodium alginate, and continue stirring to obtain a second intermediate;

[0046] C. Add ATP-Mg²⁺ lyophilized powder to the second intermediate, adjust the pH to 6.8-7.5, stir at 4-5°C in the dark for 1-1.5 hours, then add the first intermediate and shake at 200-300 rpm to obtain the activation solution.

[0047] The cell wall extract of Phytophthora capsici is prepared by the following method:

[0048] B1. Cultivating the capsici strain using a culture medium, collecting the mycelium, quick-freezing with liquid nitrogen, and then freeze-drying to a moisture content of <5% to obtain freeze-dried mycelium;

[0049] B2. The freeze-dried mycelium is physically disrupted and then enzymatically disrupted using a mixture of cellulase and β-1,3-glucanase. Finally, the mycelium is separated and purified, and the precipitate is collected and freeze-dried to obtain a cell wall extract of Phytophthora capsici. The mass ratio of cellulase to β-1,3-glucanase is 1:1.5-2.

[0050] In terms of mass fraction, the concentration of the ascorbic acid solution in S4 is 0.05%, and the solvent is a citric acid-disodium hydrogen phosphate buffer solution with a pH of 5.5-6.0.

[0051] The concentration of UV-inactivated Phytophthora capsici spores in the S3 initiation solution was 1×10 5 spores / mL, and the concentration of H2O2 was 0.03% by mass.

[0052] The concentration of the Tris-HCl buffer is 20 mM, and the pH is 7.5-8.0.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] This embodiment is based on the embodiment 1, and differs from the embodiment 1 in that the activation solution in this embodiment includes the following components by mass fraction: 0.6% ATP-Mg 2+ Lyophilized powder, 3% Phytophthora capsici cell wall extract, 0.6% brazilin-cerium nanoparticles, 1.5% hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, 1% sodium alginate, 0.5% PEG, 0.2% L-ascorbyl palmitate, and the balance is Tris-HCl buffer. All other components are the same.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] This example is based on Example 2, and the difference from Example 2 is that the concentration of UV-inactivated Phytophthora capsici spores in the S3 initiation solution in this example is 3×10 5 spores / mL, the concentration of H2O2 was 0.04% by mass. The rest of the contents were the same.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] This example is based on Example 2, and the difference from Example 2 is that the concentration of UV-inactivated Phytophthora capsici spores in the S3 initiation solution in this example is 5×10 5 spores / mL, the concentration of H2O2 was 0.05% by mass. The rest of the contents were the same.

[0059] Comparative Example 1

[0060] This comparative example is based on Example 1, and the difference from Example 1 is that the activation solution in this comparative example does not include ATP-Mg 2+ Lyophilized powder. The rest of the ingredients are the same.

[0061] Comparative Example 2

[0062] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the activation solution in this comparative example does not include the cell wall extract of Phytophthora capsici. The rest of the contents are the same.

[0063] Comparative Example 3

[0064] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the activation solution in this comparative example does not include brazilin-cerium nanoparticles. The rest of the contents are the same.

[0065] Comparative Example 4

[0066] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the activation solution in this comparative example does not include hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. The rest of the examples are the same.

[0067] Comparative Example 5

[0068] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the activation solution in this comparative example does not include sodium alginate. The rest of the contents are the same.

[0069] Comparative Example 6

[0070] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the activation solution in this comparative example does not include PEG. The rest of the steps are the same.

[0071] Comparative Example 7

[0072] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the activation solution in this comparative example does not contain L-ascorbyl palmitate. The rest of the contents are the same.

[0073] Comparative Example 8

[0074] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the present comparative example provides a seed priming method for improving early disease resistance of pepper seeds, in which a pulse method is not used during the phosphorylation process, and comprises the following steps:

[0075] S1. Pre-cleaning: Soak the seeds in 1% sodium hypochlorite for 8 minutes, then rinse with sterile deionized water and dry to obtain pre-treated seeds.

[0076] S2. Phosphorylation and activation treatment: Add seeds and activation solution at a liquid-to-solid ratio of 3:1 (v / w) to a pressure-resistant polypropylene container connected to a vacuum line. Seal the container and transfer it to a constant temperature oscillator. Maintain the internal environment of the container at 30°C and 85% humidity for 7 hours to perform phosphorylation and activation treatment.

[0077] The activation solution includes the following components by mass fraction: 0.5% ATP-Mg 2+ Lyophilized powder, 2% Phytophthora capsici cell wall extract, 0.5% brazilin-cerium nanoparticles, 1% hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, 0.8% sodium alginate, 0.4% PEG, 0.1% L-ascorbyl palmitate, and the balance is Tris-HCl buffer;

[0078] S3, immune training treatment: transfer the seeds after phosphorylation activation treatment to a priming solution containing a suspension of UV-inactivated Phytophthora capsici spores and H2O2, and treat them at 20°C with intermittent aeration for 12 hours, with aeration for 5 minutes every 2 hours;

[0079] S4, stabilization treatment: transfer the seeds after immune training treatment to ascorbic acid solution, treat at 25°C for 6 hours, filter, and dry in the shade to obtain pepper seeds. The rest of the steps are the same.

[0080] Comparative Example 9

[0081] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the present comparative example provides a seed priming method for improving early disease resistance of pepper seeds without phosphorylation treatment, and includes the following steps:

[0082] S1. Pre-cleaning: Soak the seeds in 1% sodium hypochlorite for 8 minutes, then rinse with sterile deionized water and dry to obtain pre-treated seeds.

[0083] S2, immune training treatment: the pre-cleaned seeds were transferred to a priming solution containing a suspension of UV-inactivated Phytophthora capsici spores and H2O2, and treated at 20°C for 12 hours with intermittent ventilation, with ventilation for 5 minutes every 2 hours;

[0084] S3, stabilization treatment: transfer the seeds after immune training treatment to ascorbic acid solution, treat at 25°C for 6 hours, filter, and dry in the shade to obtain pepper seeds. The rest of the process is the same.

[0085] Comparative Example 10

[0086] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the present comparative example provides a seed priming method for improving early disease resistance of pepper seeds without immune training treatment, and includes the following steps:

[0087] S1. Pre-cleaning: Soak the seeds in 1% sodium hypochlorite for 8 minutes, then rinse with sterile deionized water and dry to obtain pre-treated seeds.

[0088] S2. Pulse phosphorylation activation treatment: Add seeds and activation solution at a liquid-to-solid ratio of 3:1 (v / w) to a pressure-resistant polypropylene container connected to a vacuum line. Seal and evacuate to -0.08 MPa. Maintain the pressure for 10 minutes before returning to normal pressure. Transfer the container to a constant temperature oscillator. Maintain the internal environment at 30°C and 85% humidity for 7 hours to perform phosphorylation activation treatment.

[0089] The activation solution includes the following components by mass fraction: 0.5% ATP-Mg 2+ Lyophilized powder, 2% Phytophthora capsici cell wall extract, 0.5% brazilin-cerium nanoparticles, 1% hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, 0.8% sodium alginate, 0.4% PEG, 0.1% L-ascorbyl palmitate, and the balance is Tris-HCl buffer;

[0090] S3, stabilization treatment: transfer the seeds after immune training treatment to ascorbic acid solution, treat at 25°C for 6 hours, filter, and dry in the shade to obtain pepper seeds. The rest of the process is the same.

[0091] Comparative Example 11

[0092] This comparative example is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the present comparative example provides a seed priming method for improving early disease resistance of pepper seeds without stabilization treatment, and includes the following steps:

[0093] S1. Pre-cleaning: Soak the seeds in 1% sodium hypochlorite for 8 minutes, then rinse with sterile deionized water and dry to obtain pre-treated seeds.

[0094] S2. Pulse phosphorylation activation treatment: Add seeds and activation solution at a liquid-to-solid ratio of 3:1 (v / w) to a pressure-resistant polypropylene container connected to a vacuum line. Seal and evacuate to -0.08 MPa. Maintain the pressure for 10 minutes before returning to normal pressure. Transfer the container to a constant temperature oscillator. Maintain the internal environment at 30°C and 85% humidity for 7 hours to perform phosphorylation activation treatment.

[0095] The activation solution includes the following components by mass fraction: 0.5% ATP-Mg 2+ Lyophilized powder, 2% Phytophthora capsici cell wall extract, 0.5% brazilin-cerium nanoparticles, 1% hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, 0.8% sodium alginate, 0.4% PEG, 0.1% L-ascorbyl palmitate, and the balance is Tris-HCl buffer;

[0096] S3. Immune training treatment: Transfer the phosphorylation-activated seeds to a priming solution containing a suspension of UV-inactivated Phytophthora capsici spores and H2O2, and treat at 20°C for 12 hours with intermittent aeration, with 5 minutes of aeration every 2 hours. The rest of the process was the same.

[0097] Comparative Example 12

[0098] This comparative example is based on Example 1, except that in Example 1, pulse phosphorylation activation treatment was performed in Example S2: seeds and activation solution were added to a pressure-resistant polypropylene container connected to a vacuum line at a liquid-to-solid ratio of 2:1 (v / w). All other procedures were the same.

[0099] Comparative Example 13

[0100] This comparative example is based on Example 1, differing from Example 1 in that in this comparative example S2, pulse phosphorylation activation treatment was performed: seeds and activation solution were added to a pressure-resistant polypropylene container connected to a vacuum line at a liquid-to-solid ratio of 4:1 (v / w). All other procedures were the same.

[0101] Test Example 1

[0102] The effects of different concentrations of crude toxin of pepper blight pathogen on pepper seed germination were detected. The blank group of pepper seeds consisted of pepper seeds soaked in only 1% sodium hypochlorite, and the test group consisted of pepper seeds treated by the methods of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-13. The results are shown in Table 1. The detection method was based on the prior art. The crude toxin of pepper blight pathogen was prepared into a culture medium containing only agar at different volume ratios of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100%. Then, 10 pepper seeds were placed in each dish and placed in the dark at 25°C. After culturing for 4 days, the germination status was recorded and counted until the 11th day, and the germination index was calculated.

[0103] The germination index is calculated as follows:

[0104]

[0105] GI is the germination index, Gt is the number of germinations per day during the final period of the germination test, Dt is the number of germination days, and ∑ is the sum;

[0106] Table 1 Pepper seed germination index

[0107]

[0108] Combined with the data in Table 1, it can be seen that the present invention can effectively improve the resistance of seeds to Phytophthora capsici.

[0109] Test Example 2

[0110] The crude toxin of pepper blight pathogen was prepared into a culture medium containing only agar at a concentration of 60% by volume. The pepper seeds treated in Examples 1-4 and the blank group were placed on the culture medium and placed in the dark at 25°C with a humidity of more than 85%. 20 seeds treated with the same treatment method were placed on the culture medium. After culturing the seeds for 4 days, the white seed rate and bad seed rate of the seeds were counted. The test was repeated. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0111] Table 2 Detection of white seed rate and bad seed rate

[0112]

[0113] Combined with the data in Table 2, it can be seen that the whitening rate of seeds treated with the present invention is significantly higher than that of untreated seeds, and the bad seed rate is significantly reduced at a higher pathogen concentration, indicating that the present invention can maintain a stable "warning state" for at least 4 days and has better disease resistance than untreated seeds.

[0114] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with the field within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seed priming method for improving early disease resistance of pepper seeds, characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1. Pre-cleaning: Soak the seeds in 1% sodium hypochlorite for 5-10 minutes, then rinse with sterile deionized water and dry to obtain pre-treated seeds. S2. Pulse phosphorylation activation treatment: Add seeds and activation solution at a liquid-to-solid ratio of 3:1 (v / w) to a pressure-resistant polypropylene container connected to a vacuum line. Seal and evacuate to -0.08 MPa. Maintain the pressure for 5-10 minutes before returning to normal pressure. Transfer the container to a constant temperature oscillator. Maintain the internal environment of the container at 25-30°C and a humidity ≥85% for 6-7 hours to perform phosphorylation activation treatment. The activation solution includes the following components by mass fraction: 0.5-0.6% ATP-Mg 2+ Lyophilized powder, 2-3% cell wall extract of Phytophthora capsici, 0.5-0.6% brazilin-cerium nanoparticles, 1-1.5% hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, 0.8-1% sodium alginate, 0.4-0.5% PEG, 0.1-0.2% L-ascorbyl palmitate, and the balance is Tris-HCl buffer; S3, immune training treatment: transfer the seeds after phosphorylation activation treatment to a priming solution containing a suspension of UV-inactivated Phytophthora capsici spores and H2O2, and treat with intermittent aeration at 20°C; S4, stabilization treatment: transfer the seeds after immune training treatment to ascorbic acid solution, treat at 20-25°C for 5-6 hours, filter, and dry in the shade to obtain pepper seeds; The activation solution is prepared by the following method: A. mixing brazilin-cerium nanoparticles and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, adding the mixture to a Tris-HCl buffer, ultrasonically dispersing the mixture at 30-35° C. for 10-15 minutes, adding L-ascorbyl palmitate, and stirring the mixture in the dark to obtain a first intermediate; B. Add PEG to Tris-HCl buffer and mix well, then add cell wall extract of Phytophthora capsici, stir and mix well at 45-50° C., then add sodium alginate, and continue stirring to obtain a second intermediate; C. Add ATP-Mg to the second intermediate 2+ The lyophilized powder was adjusted to pH 6.8-7.5, stirred at 4-5°C in the dark for 1-1.5 hours, then the first intermediate was added and the mixture was shaken at 200-300 rpm to obtain an activation solution; The cell wall extract of Phytophthora capsici is prepared by the following method: B1. Cultivating the capsici strain using a culture medium, collecting the mycelium, quick-freezing with liquid nitrogen, and then freeze-drying to a moisture content of <5% to obtain freeze-dried mycelium; B2. The freeze-dried mycelium is physically broken and then enzymatically broken using a mixed enzyme of cellulase and β-1,3-glucanase. Finally, the mycelium is separated and purified, the precipitate is collected, and freeze-dried for storage to obtain a cell wall extract of Phytophthora capsici.

2. A seed priming method for improving early disease resistance of pepper seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S3 was treated with intermittent aeration at 20° C. for 12 hours, with aeration for 5 minutes every 2 hours.

3. The seed priming method for improving early disease resistance of pepper seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: In terms of mass fraction, the concentration of the ascorbic acid solution in S4 is 0.05%, and the solvent is a citric acid-disodium hydrogen phosphate buffer solution with a pH of 5.5-6.

0.

4. The seed priming method for improving early disease resistance of pepper seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of UV-inactivated Phytophthora capsici spores in the S3 initiation solution was 1×10 5 -5×10 5 spores / mL, and the concentration of H2O2 was 0.03-0.05% by mass.

5. The seed priming method for improving early disease resistance of pepper seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of the Tris-HCl buffer is 20 mM, and the pH is 7.5-8.0.

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