Intracranial hematoma puncture positioning instrument

Abstract

The invention provides an intracranial hematoma puncture positioning instrument, and relates to the technical field of intracranial puncture. In the device, a fixing frame sleeves the outer side of the head of a patient, so that a horizontal guide piece is arranged at a position flush with the upper part of an eyeball of the patient, the position of a fixed positioning surface is determined by taking the upper part of the eyeball of the patient as a reference, and meanwhile, an intracranial hematoma puncture positioning surface is determined through an intracranial scanning image; the position of the intracranial hematoma is determined, the vertical guide part is rotated to enable the intracranial hematoma to be placed on any side of the hemispherical space divided by the vertical guide part, the axis of the positioning sliding block points to the direction of the intracranial hematoma by changing the position of the traction part, and at the moment, the position, located on the head of a patient, of the positioning sliding block is one puncture point. Due to the cambered surface of the hemispherical space and the spherical-like structure of the skull of the patient, a plurality of puncture points can be conveniently and quickly positioned, and then the optimal puncture point can be selected among the puncture points; compared with an existing bare-handed visual inspection positioning mode, the puncture angle can be more accurately determined, the drainage effect is guaranteed, and the surgical risk is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of intracranial puncture, and particularly relates to an intracranial hematoma puncture positioning instrument. Background Art

[0002] Neurosurgery is a branch of surgery. Based on surgery as the main treatment method, it applies unique neurosurgical research methods to study the human nervous system, such as the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system, as well as related affiliated organs, such as the skull, scalp, cerebrovascular meninges, etc. It studies the causes and pathogenesis of injuries, inflammations, tumors, deformities, and certain genetic metabolic disorders or functional disorders of these structures, such as diseases like epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, neuralgia, etc. Neurosurgery mainly treats diseases of the nervous system such as the brain and spinal cord caused by trauma. For example, the amount of intracerebral hemorrhage endangers life, a car accident causes brain trauma, or there is a brain tumor compression that requires surgical treatment, etc. Intracranial lesion puncture is a commonly used operation in neurosurgery, which is divided into soft-channel puncture and hard-channel puncture. Soft-channel puncture is to drill a hole in the skull first and then insert a silicone tube. Hard-channel puncture is to drill through the skull with an electric drill to create a puncture channel and then insert a hard channel into the lesion site.

[0003] However, currently, the positioning of intracranial hematomas is generally mostly done by visual inspection by hand, without auxiliary instruments for related simple surgeries. Especially when grasping the puncture angle, it generally depends entirely on the doctor's experience, lacking objective accuracy, which easily affects the drainage effect and increases the surgical risk. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides an intracranial hematoma puncture positioning instrument, which specifically includes: a fixed frame, which is integrally hemispherical. One end of the spherical surface of the fixed frame is provided with a horizontal arc-shaped rod, and one end of the plane of the fixed frame is completely open, forming a cavity inside the fixed frame; a horizontal guiding member, connected to one end of the plane of the fixed frame, defining a fixed positioning surface; a vertical guiding member, connected to the outside of one end of the spherical surface of the fixed frame, defining an adjustable positioning surface; the adjustable positioning surface is perpendicular to the fixed positioning surface; the vertical guiding member rotates along the axis of the horizontal guiding member, so that the rotation trajectory of the adjustable positioning surface and the fixed positioning surface form a closed hemispherical space; an elastic traction member, one end of which is connected to any point on the edge of the horizontal guiding member, and the other end is connected to any point on the edge of the vertical guiding member; both ends of the traction member can slide on the edges of the horizontal guiding member and the vertical guiding member respectively; a positioning slider is slidably connected to the outside of the traction member, and the axis passing through the geometric center of the positioning slider and perpendicular to the inner and outer end faces of the positioning slider points to any point inside the hemispherical space.

[0005] Preferably, two installation slots are opened at the lower end of the fixed frame, and a rotating shaft is provided at the upper end of the fixed frame.

[0006] Preferably, a contact pad is fixedly connected to the inner top of the spherical surface of the fixing frame, and the contact pad is made of a flexible material.

[0007] Preferably, the horizontal guide is of an annular structure, and a circumferential track is provided on the outer side of the horizontal guide.

[0008] Preferably, adjusting sliders are respectively provided at both ends of the traction member; a sliding groove is provided on the adjusting slider; circumferential tracks are respectively provided on the vertical guide and the horizontal guide, and the adjusting sliders at both ends of the traction member are connected to the sliding rails of the vertical guide and the horizontal guide through the sliding grooves.

[0009] Preferably, there is damping between the adjusting slider and the vertical guide and the horizontal guide.

[0010] Preferably, a through hole is formed in the positioning slider along the extending direction of the traction member, and the traction member passes through the positioning block through the through hole of the positioning block, so that the positioning block slides on the outer side of the traction member; a longitudinal positioning hole is further formed in the positioning block.

[0011] Preferably, the upper end of the positioning hole is in an involute shape.

[0012] Preferably, a marking pen is inserted into the positioning hole.

[0013] Preferably, a puncture needle is inserted into the positioning hole.

[0014] Advantageous Effects

[0015] In the present invention, the fixing frame is sleeved on the outer side of the patient's head, and the horizontal guide is placed at a position flush with the upper part of the patient's eyeball. Based on the upper part of the patient's eyeball, the position of the fixed positioning surface is determined. At the same time, through the pre-shot intracranial scan image, the position of the intracranial hematoma is determined, and the vertical guide is rotated so that the intracranial hematoma is placed on either side of the hemispherical space divided by the vertical guide. By changing the position of the traction member, the axis of the positioning slider points to the direction where the intracranial hematoma is located. At this time, the position of the positioning slider on the patient's head is one of the puncture points. At the same time, due to the arc surface of the hemispherical space and the spherical structure of the patient's skull, multiple puncture points can be conveniently and quickly located. Furthermore, among multiple puncture points, the best puncture point can be preferably selected; compared with the current manual visual positioning method, the puncture angle can be determined more accurately, the drainage effect can be guaranteed, and the surgical risk can be reduced. Description of the Drawings

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0017] The drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention.

[0018] In the accompanying drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the overall puncture positioning instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0020] Figure 2 An exploded view of the overall puncture positioning instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0021] Figure 3 An assembly drawing of the horizontal guide of the puncture positioning instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the horizontal guide of the puncture positioning instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0023] Figure 5 The puncture positioning instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown Figure 4 A partially enlarged schematic view of the position indicated by A is shown.

[0024] Figure 6 An assembly drawing of the adjustment slider on the horizontal guide of the puncture positioning instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0025] Figure 7 An assembly drawing of the vertical guide of the puncture positioning instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0026] Figure 8 An assembly drawing of the traction member and the positioning slider of the puncture positioning instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0027] Figure 9 An assembly drawing of the marking pen of the puncture positioning instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0028] Figure 10 An assembly drawing of the puncture needle of the puncture positioning instrument according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0029] List of main reference numerals

[0030] 101, fixed bracket; 102, mounting groove; 103, contact pad;

[0031] 201, horizontal guide; 202, connecting member A;

[0032] 301, vertical guide; 302, connecting member B;

[0033] 4, adjustment slider;

[0034] 5, traction member;

[0035] 601, positioning slider; 602, positioning hole;

[0036] 701, scribing pen; 702, puncture needle. Specific embodiments

[0037] In order to make the objectives, solutions, and advantages of the technical solutions of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the specific embodiments of the present invention.

[0038] Embodiment: Please refer to Figures 1 to 10 :

[0039] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the present invention provides an intracranial hematoma puncture positioning instrument, including: a fixing frame 101, which is integrally hemispherical. One end of the spherical surface of the fixing frame 101 is provided with a transverse arc-shaped rod, and one end of the plane of the fixing frame 101 is completely open, forming a cavity inside the fixing frame 101; a horizontal guiding member 201, connected to one end of the plane of the fixing frame 101, defining a fixed positioning surface; a vertical guiding member 301, connected to the outside of one end of the spherical surface of the fixing frame 101, defining an adjustable positioning surface; the adjustable positioning surface and the fixed positioning surface are perpendicular to each other; the vertical guiding member 301 rotates along the axis of the horizontal guiding member 201, so that the rotation trajectory of the adjustable positioning surface and the fixed positioning surface form a closed hemispherical space; an elastic traction member 5, one end of which is connected to any point on the edge of the horizontal guiding member 201, and the other end is connected to any point on the edge of the vertical guiding member 301; both ends of the traction member 5 can slide on the edges of the horizontal guiding member 201 and the vertical guiding member 301 respectively; a positioning slider 601 is slidably connected to the outside of the traction member 5, and the axis passing through the geometric center of the positioning slider 601 and perpendicular to the inner and outer end faces of the positioning slider 601 points to any point inside the hemispherical space; the fixing frame 101 is sleeved outside the patient's head, and the horizontal guiding member 201 is placed at a position flush with the upper part of the patient's eyeballs. Based on the upper part of the patient's eyeballs, the position of the fixed positioning surface is determined. At the same time, through the pre-taken intracranial scan images, the position of the intracranial hematoma is determined, and the vertical guiding member 301 is rotated so that the intracranial hematoma is placed on any side of the hemispherical space divided by the vertical guiding member 301. By changing the position of the traction member 5, the axis of the positioning slider 601 points to the direction where the intracranial hematoma is located. At this time, the position of the positioning slider 601 on the patient's head is one of the puncture points. At the same time, due to the arc surface of the hemispherical space and the spherical structure of the patient's skull, multiple puncture points can be conveniently and quickly located. Furthermore, among multiple puncture points, the best puncture point can be preferentially selected.

[0040] Among them, as Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, two mounting grooves 102 are provided at the lower end of the fixing bracket 101, and a rotating shaft is provided at the upper end of the fixing bracket 101; the mounting grooves 102 are used to connect the horizontal guiding member 201 to the fixing bracket 101 through the connecting member A202, and enable the horizontal guiding member 201 to displace along the longitudinal direction of the fixing bracket 101, so that the horizontal guiding member 201 can be adjusted to a position flush with the upper part of the patient's eyeball for different patients, thereby determining the position of the fixed positioning surface.

[0041] Among them, as Figure 1 and Figure 4 shown, a contact pad 103 is fixedly connected to the top end inside the spherical surface of the fixing bracket 101, and the contact pad 103 is made of a flexible material; by contacting the top of the patient's head through the contact pad 103, while making the patient more comfortable, the stability of the instrument after being placed outside the patient's head is ensured.

[0042] Among them, as Figure 3 shown, the horizontal guiding member 201 is of an annular structure, and a circumferential track is provided on the outer side of the horizontal guiding member 201; the horizontal guiding member 201 installs and adjusts the slider 4 through the track, so that the adjusting slider 4 slides along the horizontal guiding member 201 to assist in adjusting the position of the traction member 5 on the fixed positioning surface.

[0043] Among them, as Figure 1 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, adjusting sliders 4 are respectively provided at both ends of the traction member 5; a sliding groove is provided on the adjusting slider 4; circumferential tracks are respectively provided on the vertical guiding member 301 and the horizontal guiding member 201, and the adjusting sliders 4 at both ends of the traction member 5 are connected to the sliding rails of the vertical guiding member 301 and the horizontal guiding member 201 through the sliding grooves; through the adjusting slider 4, the sliding of the traction member 5 with the vertical guiding member 301 and the horizontal guiding member 201 is made more stable.

[0044] In one embodiment, there is a damping between the adjusting slider 4 and the vertical guiding member 301 and the horizontal guiding member 201; so that the adjusting slider 4 can be fixed at any position of the vertical guiding member 301 or the horizontal guiding member 201.

[0045] Among them, as Figure 2 and Figure 8 shown, a through hole is provided inside the positioning slider 601 along the extending direction of the traction member 5, and the traction member 5 passes through the through hole of the positioning slider 601, so that the positioning slider 601 slides outside the traction member 5; a longitudinal positioning hole 602 is further provided inside the positioning slider 601; the positioning slider 601 moves horizontally along with the traction of the traction member 5, and moves longitudinally through the sliding between itself and the traction member 5, and is used for positioning the puncture point.

[0046] Among them, as Figure 8As shown, the upper end of the positioning hole 602 is of an involute shape; one end of the positioning hole 602 is involute-shaped, so that when the scribing pen 701 or the puncture needle 702 is inserted into the positioning hole 602, it can enter from the end with a wider aperture, making the operation more convenient.

[0047] Among them, as Figure 9 shown, the scribing pen 701 is inserted inside the positioning hole 602; the position is confirmed by scribing on the patient's cranial apex with the scribing pen 701.

[0048] Among them, as Figure 10 shown, the puncture needle 702 is inserted inside the positioning hole 602; craniocerebral puncture is performed through the puncture needle 702 according to the determined position.

[0049] The above is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An intracranial hematoma puncture and positioning device, characterized in that: Comprising: A fixing frame (101), which is integrally hemispherical. One end of the spherical surface of the fixing frame (101) is provided with a transverse arc-shaped rod, and one end of the plane of the fixing frame (101) is completely open, forming a cavity inside the fixing frame (101); A horizontal guiding member (201), connected to one end of the plane of the fixing frame (101), defining a fixed positioning surface; A vertical guiding member (301), connected to the outside of one end of the spherical surface of the fixing frame (101), defining an adjustable positioning surface; the adjustable positioning surface is perpendicular to the fixed positioning surface; The vertical guiding member (301) rotates along the axis of the horizontal guiding member (201), so that the rotation trajectory of the adjustable positioning surface and the fixed positioning surface form a closed hemispherical space; An elastic traction member (5), one end of which is connected to any point on the edge of the horizontal guiding member (201), and the other end is connected to any point on the edge of the vertical guiding member (301); both ends of the traction member (5) can slide on the edges of the horizontal guiding member (201) and the vertical guiding member (301) respectively; a positioning slider (601) is slidably connected to the outside of the traction member (5), and the axis passing through the geometric center of the positioning slider (601) and perpendicular to the inner and outer end faces of the positioning slider (601) points to any point inside the hemispherical space.

2. The intracranial hematoma puncture positioning instrument according to claim 1, wherein Two mounting grooves (102) are opened at the lower end of the fixing frame (101), and a rotating shaft is provided at the upper end of the fixing frame (101).

3. The intracranial hematoma puncture positioning instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, A contact pad (103) is fixedly connected to the top end inside the spherical surface of the fixing frame (101), and the contact pad (103) is made of a flexible material.

4. A cranial hematoma puncture positioning instrument according to claim 1, wherein, The horizontal guiding member (201) is of an annular structure, and a circumferential track is provided on the outside of the horizontal guiding member (201).

5. An intracranial hematoma puncture positioning instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, Adjusting sliders (4) are respectively provided at both ends of the traction member (5); chutes are provided on the adjusting sliders (4); circumferential tracks are respectively provided on the vertical guiding member (301) and the horizontal guiding member (201), and the adjusting sliders (4) at both ends of the traction member (5) are connected to the sliding rails of the vertical guiding member (301) and the horizontal guiding member (201) through the chutes.

6. The intracranial hematoma puncture positioning instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that, There is a damping between the adjusting slider (4) and the vertical guiding member (301) and the horizontal guiding member (201).

7. An intracranial hematoma puncture positioning instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, A through hole is opened inside the positioning slider (601) along the extending direction of the traction member (5), and the traction member (5) passes through the through hole of the positioning slider (601) to make the positioning slider (601) slide on the outside of the traction member (5); a longitudinal positioning hole (602) is also opened inside the positioning slider (601).

8. The intracranial hematoma puncture positioning instrument according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper end of the positioning hole (602) is of an involute shape.

9. An intracranial hematoma puncture positioning instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that, A marking pen (701) is inserted into the positioning hole (602).

10. The intracranial hematoma puncture positioning instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that, A puncture needle (702) is inserted into the positioning hole (602).

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