Glass cutting head device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a glass cutting head device. According to one specific implementation mode, the device comprises an outer pipe, an inner pipe and an adjusting mechanism, the head end of the outer pipe is sealed, and a side opening is formed in the side wall of the outer pipe; the inner pipe is nested in the outer pipe, one end of the inner pipe is provided with a cutting edge, and the cutting edge and the side opening form a shearing opening; the adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting assembly and an executing assembly, the executing assembly comprises a retreating limiting adjusting block and an inner pipe retreating stopping block, the retreating limiting adjusting block is arranged below the inner pipe retreating stopping block, an inner pipe is fixedly embedded into one end of the inner pipe retreating stopping block, an inner pipe driving rod is fixedly embedded into the other end of the inner pipe retreating stopping block, and the inner pipe driving rod is arranged in the inner pipe retreating stopping block. And the inner pipe is embedded into the inner pipe driving rod, the inner pipe is communicated with the inner pipe driving rod, and the inner pipe driving rod is embedded into the rollback limiting adjusting block and the base. And the adjusting assembly is meshed with the rollback limiting adjusting block. According to the implementation mode, the size of the opening can be changed through the adjusting mechanism, the cutting requirements of different diseased tissues are met, and the operation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the technical field of ophthalmic surgical instruments, and more particularly to a vitrectomy head device. Background Art

[0002] The vitrectomy head is the core consumable of vitrectomy surgery, and it realizes tissue cutting through the shearing movement of the inner and outer tubes. The vitrectomy head device is mainly divided into three categories: single-port single-edge, single-port multi-edge, and multi-port multi-edge, and their opening sizes are all fixed. In practical applications, vitrectomy surgery generally cuts two types of diseased tissues. One is to cut the proliferative membrane on the surface of the fundus retina. This type of diseased tissue cutting requires high stability, reduced retinal perturbation, and a vitrectomy head device with a small aspiration volume. The other is to cut the cloudy vitreous in the center of the eyeball, which is far from the retina and there is no need to worry about the impact of perturbation. A vitrectomy head device with a large aspiration volume can be used to improve the surgical efficiency. Currently, the aspiration volume of commonly used vitrectomy head devices is fixed and cannot meet the cutting requirements of different diseased tissues.

[0003] However, when using the above-mentioned vitrectomy head device, there are often the following technical problems: The vitrectomy head device with a fixed aspiration volume cannot meet the cutting requirements of different diseased tissues, resulting in a reduction in surgical efficiency.

[0004] The above information disclosed in this background art section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the concept of the present disclosure, and thus, it may include information that does not form the prior art known to ordinary skilled artisans in this country. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This content part of the present disclosure is used to introduce the concepts in a brief form, and these concepts will be described in detail in the following detailed implementation section. This content part of the present disclosure is not intended to identify the key features or essential features of the claimed technical solution, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the claimed technical solution.

[0006] Some embodiments of the present disclosure propose a vitrectomy head device to solve one or more of the technical problems mentioned in the above background art section.

[0007] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a vitrectomy head device, which includes: an outer tube, an inner tube, and an adjustment mechanism. The head end of the above-mentioned outer tube is sealed, and a side port is provided on the side wall of the above-mentioned outer tube. The above-mentioned inner tube is nested inside the above-mentioned outer tube. A cutting edge is provided at one end of the above-mentioned inner tube, and the above-mentioned cutting edge and the above-mentioned side port form a cutting opening. The above-mentioned adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment component and an execution component. The above-mentioned execution component includes a retraction limit adjustment block and an inner tube retraction stop block. The above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block is adjacent to the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block. One end of the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block is fixedly embedded with the above-mentioned inner tube, and the other end is fixedly embedded with an inner tube drive rod. Inside the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block, the above-mentioned inner tube is embedded in the above-mentioned inner tube drive rod, and the above-mentioned inner tube is communicated with the above-mentioned inner tube drive rod. The above-mentioned inner tube drive rod is embedded in the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block and the base. The above-mentioned inner tube, the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block, the above-mentioned inner tube drive rod, and the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block are configured to be able to move coaxially. The above-mentioned adjustment component meshes with the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block.

[0008] Optionally, teeth are provided on the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block, and the above-mentioned adjustment component includes a screwing device. The above-mentioned screwing device includes a rolling wheel and a gear. The above-mentioned rolling wheel is fixedly connected to the above-mentioned gear. The above-mentioned rolling wheel is partially embedded in the groove of the above-mentioned base, and an anti-slip texture is provided on the outer side surface of the above-mentioned rolling wheel. The above-mentioned gear meshes with the teeth of the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block.

[0009] Optionally, teeth are provided on the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block, and the above-mentioned adjustment component includes an electric motor and a gear. The above-mentioned electric motor is connected to the above-mentioned gear, and the above-mentioned gear meshes with the teeth of the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block.

[0010] Optionally, the above-mentioned adjustment mechanism further includes a scale. The above-mentioned scale is an arc-shaped structure. Teeth are provided on the concave side of the above-mentioned scale. A scale bar is provided on the convex side of the above-mentioned scale. The teeth of the above-mentioned scale mesh with the above-mentioned adjustment component. A guide groove is provided on the above-mentioned base, and the above-mentioned guide groove is configured to place the above-mentioned scale.

[0011] Optionally, the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block includes an internal thread. One end of the above-mentioned base is provided with a hollow threaded post, and an external thread is provided on the outer surface of the above-mentioned threaded post. The above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block is connected to the above-mentioned base in a threaded meshing manner.

[0012] Optionally, the inner tube drive rod is fixedly embedded in the piston, and the inner tube drive rod is configured to move axially along with the piston. The base includes a first gas path channel and a second gas path channel, wherein the first gas path channel and the second gas path channel are configured to intake and exhaust gas alternately. One end of the base is provided with a negative pressure source interface pipe, the inner tube drive rod passes through the first gas path channel and the second gas path channel and is embedded in the negative pressure source interface pipe, and the negative pressure source interface pipe is in internal communication with the inside of the inner tube drive rod. The piston is disposed inside the base, and the piston is configured to isolate the first gas path channel and the second gas path channel. The piston is configured to be driven when intaking gas from the first gas path channel or the second gas path channel. The base is provided with a sealing ring, and the sealing ring is located inside the first gas path channel and the second gas path channel and is nested on the inner tube drive rod.

[0013] Optionally, the vitrectomy head device further includes a housing, one end of the housing is fixedly nested with the outer tube, and the other end is connected to the base.

[0014] Optionally, the housing is provided with an observation hole, and the observation hole is configured to observe the scale bar of the scale.

[0015] Optionally, the adjustment mechanism further includes an electronic display screen, the electronic display screen is associated with the adjustment component, and the electronic display screen is set to display the stroke adjustment scale of the inner tube.

[0016] The above-mentioned various embodiments of the present disclosure have the following beneficial effects: The vitrectomy head device of the present disclosure can change the opening size of the cutting opening through the adjustment mechanism, realizing the dynamic control of the aspiration volume, which can meet the cutting requirements of different diseased tissues and improve the surgical efficiency. Specifically, the reason for the low surgical efficiency is that the vitrectomy head device with a fixed aspiration volume cannot meet the cutting requirements of different diseased tissues, resulting in a reduction in surgical efficiency. Based on this, the vitrectomy head device of the present disclosure includes: an outer tube, an inner tube, and an adjustment mechanism. The head end of the above-mentioned outer tube is sealed, and the side wall of the above-mentioned outer tube is provided with a side port. The above-mentioned inner tube is nested inside the above-mentioned outer tube, and one end of the above-mentioned inner tube is provided with a cutting edge, and the above-mentioned cutting edge and the above-mentioned side port form a cutting opening. The above-mentioned adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment component and an execution component. The above-mentioned execution component includes a retraction limit adjustment block and an inner tube retraction stop block. The above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block is adjacent to the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block. One end of the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block is fixedly embedded with the above-mentioned inner tube, and the other end is fixedly embedded with an inner tube drive rod. Inside the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block, the above-mentioned inner tube is embedded in the above-mentioned inner tube drive rod, and the above-mentioned inner tube is communicated with the above-mentioned inner tube drive rod. The above-mentioned inner tube drive rod is embedded in the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block and the base. The above-mentioned inner tube, the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block, the above-mentioned inner tube drive rod, and the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block are configured to be able to move coaxially. The above-mentioned adjustment component meshes with the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block. The side port of the outer tube of the vitrectomy head device is designed with a larger opening size, and the dynamic control of the aspiration volume can be realized by changing the opening size of the cutting opening through the above-mentioned adjustment mechanism. When a more stable state is required to cut the proliferative membrane on the surface of the retina, the opening size of the cutting opening is adjusted to be smaller to achieve a cutting effect with less disturbance. When cutting the turbid vitreous body in the center of the eyeball, the opening size of the cutting opening can be adjusted to be larger to meet higher surgical efficiency. By adjusting the opening size of the cutting opening, the cutting requirements of different diseased tissues are met, and the surgical efficiency is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In combination with the accompanying drawings and referring to the following specific embodiments, the above and other features, advantages, and aspects of the various embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent. Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements. It should be understood that the drawings are schematic, and the elements and elements are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the screwing device of the vitrectomy head device of some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the electric motor of the vitrectomy head device of some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the vitrectomy head device with a scale of some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the base of the vitrectomy head device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the inner and outer tubes of the vitrectomy head device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the actuating assembly of the vitrectomy head device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to more thoroughly and completely understand the present disclosure. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present disclosure are only for exemplary purposes and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0025] In addition, it should be noted that for the sake of convenience of description, only parts related to the relevant invention are shown in the drawings. Without conflict, the embodiments in the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0026] It should be noted that the concepts such as "first" and "second" mentioned in the present disclosure are only used to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order of the functions executed by these devices, modules or units or their interdependent relationships.

[0027] It should be noted that the modifications of "one" and "multiple" mentioned in the present disclosure are illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that unless otherwise clearly stated in the context, it should be understood as "one or more".

[0028] The names of the messages or information exchanged between multiple devices in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only for illustrative purposes and are not used to limit the scope of these messages or information.

[0029] The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the screwing device of the vitrectomy head device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 1 It includes a screwing device 1, an inner tube retraction stop block 2, and a retraction limit adjustment block 3.

[0031] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the electric motor of the vitrectomy head device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 2It includes an electric motor 4 and a gear 8.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural view of a vitrectomy head device with a scale in some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 3 It includes a scale 9 and a housing 15.

[0033] Figure 4 It is a sectional view of the base of the vitrectomy head device in some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 4 It includes an inner tube drive rod 7, a base 10, a first gas path channel 11, a second gas path channel 12, a negative pressure source interface pipe 13, a piston 14, and a sealing ring 16.

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural view of the inner and outer tubes of the vitrectomy head device in some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 5 It includes an outer tube 6 and an inner tube 5.

[0035] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned vitrectomy head device includes an outer tube 6, an inner tube 5, and an adjustment mechanism. The head end of the above-mentioned outer tube 6 is sealed, and a side port is provided on the side wall of the above-mentioned outer tube 6. Among them, the above-mentioned outer tube 6 can be a slender pipe, providing a movement track for the above-mentioned inner tube 5 to ensure accurate cutting action. For example, the outer tube diameter of a 23G vitrectomy head device can be 0.6 mm. The head end of the above-mentioned outer tube 6 is sealed to reduce damage to intraocular tissues caused by sharp edges. The distance between the above-mentioned side port and the head end can be 0.2 mm, and the opening size of the above-mentioned side port is larger than that of a vitrectomy head device of the same specification. For example, if the opening size of the conventional side port of a 23G vitrectomy head device is 0.2 mm, then the opening size of the side port of the above-mentioned outer tube 6 can be 0.25 mm. The shape of the above-mentioned side port can include but is not limited to a rectangle and an arc. The above-mentioned outer tube 6 can be made of high-hardness, corrosion-resistant medical stainless steel or titanium alloy.

[0036] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned inner tube 5 is nested inside the above-mentioned outer tube 6, and a cutting edge is provided at one end of the above-mentioned inner tube 5. The above-mentioned cutting edge and the above-mentioned side port form a cutting opening. Among them, the above-mentioned outer tube 6 is fixed, and the above-mentioned inner tube 5 can axially move along the inner wall of the above-mentioned outer tube 6 to achieve a reciprocating "forward-backward" movement, and the movement range can cover the above-mentioned side port. When the above-mentioned inner tube 5 moves forward, it closes with the above-mentioned side port to cut the target tissue, and the target tissue can be vitreous. When the above-mentioned inner tube 5 moves backward, it separates from the above-mentioned side port to form an opening, and the fragments of the cut target tissue are sucked out through negative pressure. The above-mentioned inner tube 5 and the above-mentioned outer tube 6 can form a sealed cavity through precise fitting (such as interference fit) to reduce air leakage and ensure stable negative pressure. The above-mentioned inner tube 5 can be made of high-hardness, corrosion-resistant medical stainless steel or titanium alloy to ensure sharp and durable cutting.

[0037] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned adjusting mechanism includes an adjusting component and an actuating component. The above-mentioned actuating component includes a retraction limit adjustment block 3 and an inner tube retraction stop block 2, and the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block 3 is adjacent to the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block 2. For example, the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block 3 can be arranged below the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block 2. One end of the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block 2 is fixedly embedded with the above-mentioned inner tube 5, and the other end is fixedly embedded with an inner tube drive rod 7. Inside the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block 2, the above-mentioned inner tube 5 is embedded in the above-mentioned inner tube drive rod 7, and the above-mentioned inner tube 5 communicates with the above-mentioned inner tube drive rod 7. The above-mentioned inner tube drive rod 7 is embedded in the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block 3 and the base 10. Among them, the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block 3 can be a hollow cylinder, with gear teeth on the outer surface and internal threads on the inner surface. The above-mentioned inner tube drive rod 7 can pass through the hollow part of the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block 3 and can move axially. The above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block 2 can be an axially penetrating cylinder. After the above-mentioned inner tube 5 and the above-mentioned inner tube drive rod 7 are embedded in the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block 2, the inside is in communication, ensuring that the fragments of the target tissue after cutting can enter the above-mentioned inner tube drive rod 7 from the above-mentioned inner tube 5. The above-mentioned inner tube drive rod 7 can be a pipe made of high-hardness, corrosion-resistant medical stainless steel or titanium alloy, which can transport the fragments of the cut target tissue, and the above-mentioned inner tube drive rod 7, the above-mentioned inner tube 5 and the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block 2 are fixedly connected. When the above-mentioned inner tube drive rod 7 moves axially, it drives the above-mentioned inner tube 5 and the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block 2 to move axially in the same direction, so that the cutting edge of the above-mentioned inner tube 5 and the side port of the above-mentioned outer tube 6 make a shearing action. At the same time, if the state where the above-mentioned shear opening is fully opened is the starting position of the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block 2, the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block 3 located below the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block 2 can be in contact with the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block 2, and the contact method can be surface contact. By moving the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block 3, the retraction distance of the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block 2 is restricted, preventing the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block 2 from returning to the starting position, thereby changing the opening size of the above-mentioned shear opening. The above-mentioned base 10 can be in the shape of a truncated cone, with the larger plane for installing the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block 3 and the above-mentioned adjusting component, and the smaller plane for connecting the negative pressure source and the air pump.

[0038] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned inner tube 5, the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block 2, the above-mentioned inner tube drive rod ⑦ and the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block 3 are configured to be able to move coaxially. The above-mentioned adjusting component meshes with the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block 3. Among them, the above-mentioned meshing can be gear meshing. The above-mentioned adjusting component can include a gear, the above-mentioned gear is provided with gear teeth, and the gear teeth of the above-mentioned gear can mesh with the gear teeth of the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block 3. By rotating the above-mentioned adjusting component, the rotation of the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block 3 is driven. The above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block 3 and the above-mentioned base 10 can be in threaded meshing, and while the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block 3 rotates, it moves axially through the thread.

[0039] Optionally, the retraction limit adjustment block 3 is provided with gear teeth. The adjustment assembly includes a screwing device 1. The screwing device 1 includes a scroll wheel and a gear, the scroll wheel is fixedly connected to the gear, the scroll wheel is partially embedded in the groove of the base 10, and the outer side surface of the scroll wheel is provided with an anti-slip texture, and the gear is engaged with the gear teeth of the retraction limit adjustment block 3. The scroll wheel may include a vertical protrusion. The vertical protrusion can be embedded in the groove of the base 10 and can serve as the rotation axis of the scroll wheel. The scroll wheel and the gear can rotate around the same axis. For example, the gear can be rotated by rotating the scroll wheel, thereby driving the retraction limit adjustment block 3 to rotate, and the retraction limit adjustment block 3 is axially moved by the thread while rotating.

[0040] Optionally, the retraction limit adjustment block 3 is provided with gear teeth. The adjustment assembly includes an electric motor 4 and a gear 8. The electric motor 4 can be a stepper motor with a built-in encoder, which can provide real-time feedback on the stroke of the electric motor 4. The electric motor 4 can be connected to the gear 8 via an output shaft. The gear 8 is engaged with the gear teeth of the retraction limit adjustment block 3. The electric motor 4 can be controlled by an electronic device, including but not limited to a computer and a mobile phone. The user can input the size of the shearing opening that needs to be changed on the electronic device, and the electric motor 4 rotates the corresponding angle, driving the gear 8 to rotate, thereby driving the retraction limit adjustment block 3 to move axially by a corresponding distance, changing the stroke of the inner tube retraction stop block 2, and thus changing the opening size of the shearing opening.

[0041] Optionally, the above adjustment mechanism further includes a scale 9. The above scale 9 can be an arc-shaped structure. For example, the above scale 9 can be made of a semi-circular arc metal sheet (such as stainless steel) or high-strength plastic, and the arc length corresponds to a central angle of 120°. The concave side of the above scale 9 is provided with teeth. For example, the concave side of the above scale 9 can be precision machined with continuous straight teeth (such as a module of 0.5) along the arc surface, and the pitch diameter of the tooth top circle is 42 mm. The convex side of the above scale 9 is provided with a scale bar. The above scale bar can be a two-color scale line engraved by laser, which is divided into auxiliary scale lines and main scale lines. The above main scale line is slightly longer than the auxiliary scale line. The above auxiliary scale line can be a black line, and the above main scale line can be a red line. And, the percentage of the opening size of the above corresponding shear opening can be engraved by laser below the above main scale line. The teeth provided on the concave side of the above scale 9 can only cover the above main scale line, playing a limiting role to prevent excessive adjustment from damaging the above inner tube 5 and the above outer tube 6. For example, the above auxiliary scale line can be set every 0.1 mm, and the above main scale line can be set every 1 mm. The first and the last scale lines are both main scale lines. When the scale bar moves 1 mm, the opening size of the above shear opening changes by 10%. When the above shear opening is fully opened, it corresponds to "100%" of the above scale bar, and when the above shear opening is fully closed, it corresponds to "0%" of the above scale bar. The teeth of the above scale 9 mesh with the above adjustment assembly. For example, the teeth of the above adjustment assembly (such as a module of 0.5) mesh with the teeth on the concave side of the above scale 9. When the above adjustment assembly rotates one week, it drives the scale bar to move a 1 mm stroke, corresponding to a 10% change in the opening size of the above shear opening. The base 10 is provided with a guide groove, and the guide groove is configured to place the above scale 9. Among them, the above guide groove can be a support column arranged according to the radian of the above scale 9. The top of the support column is provided with an arc-shaped groove, which can place the above scale 9 to prevent the above scale 9 from deviating from the track during movement. The support columns can be multiple, covering the movement track range of the above scale 9. For example, the above support columns can be 6, and the support columns can be evenly distributed on the movement track of the above scale 9. The base 10 is provided with an indication mark corresponding to the above scale bar. The above indication mark can be located below the above scale bar. The above indication mark can be an arrow, and the arrow points to the percentage indication of the above scale bar corresponding to the current opening ratio.

[0042] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the execution component of the vitrectomy head device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 6 It includes an inner tube retraction stop block 2, an inner tube 5, a retraction limit adjustment block 3, and an inner tube drive rod 7.

[0043] Optionally, the above-mentioned fallback limit adjustment block 3 includes internal threads. One end of the above-mentioned base 10 is provided with a hollow threaded column, and the outer surface of the above-mentioned threaded column is provided with external threads. Among them, the above-mentioned hollow threaded column can be movably embedded by the above-mentioned inner tube drive rod 7. The above-mentioned fallback limit adjustment block 3 is connected to the above-mentioned base 10 by means of meshing of the above-mentioned internal threads and the above-mentioned external threads.

[0044] Optionally, the above-mentioned inner tube drive rod 7 is fixedly embedded in the piston 14, and the above-mentioned inner tube drive rod 7 is configured to move axially with the above-mentioned piston 14. The above-mentioned base 10 includes a first gas path channel 11 and a second gas path channel 12. The above-mentioned first gas path channel 11 and the above-mentioned second gas path channel 12 can be connected to an air pump through a pressure-resistant hose (such as a silicone hose or a polyurethane hose), and the above-mentioned air pump is used to provide power to the piston 14. One end of the above-mentioned base 10 is provided with a negative pressure source interface pipe 13, and the above-mentioned inner tube drive rod 7 passes through the above-mentioned first gas path channel 11 and the above-mentioned second gas path channel 12 and is embedded in the above-mentioned negative pressure source interface pipe 13. The above-mentioned negative pressure source interface pipe 13 is internally connected to the above-mentioned inner tube drive rod 7. Among them, the above-mentioned negative pressure source interface pipe 13 can be connected to a negative pressure source through a pressure-resistant hose (such as a silicone hose or a polyurethane hose), and the above-mentioned negative pressure source can be an electric vacuum pump. The pressure-resistant hose connected to the above-mentioned negative pressure source interface pipe 13 and the pressure-resistant hoses connected to the above-mentioned first gas path channel 11 and the above-mentioned second gas path channel 12 can be located at the same end of the above-mentioned base 10. The above-mentioned piston 14 is arranged inside the above-mentioned base 10, and the above-mentioned piston 14 is configured to isolate the above-mentioned first gas path channel 11 and the above-mentioned second gas path channel 12. The above-mentioned piston 14 can be a hollow disc-shaped structure, and the above-mentioned inner tube drive rod 7 is fixedly nested in the middle. There is a groove inside the above-mentioned base 10, and the edge of the above-mentioned piston 14 is embedded in the above-mentioned groove, and the above-mentioned groove is used to fix the above-mentioned piston 14. The above-mentioned piston 14 can use an elastic material to ensure stability and durability under high-frequency movement. For example, the above-mentioned elastic material can be a highly elastic and fatigue-resistant silicone or polyurethane material to ensure stability and durability under high frequency (such as 10,000 CPM). The above-mentioned first gas path channel 11 and the above-mentioned second gas path channel 12 are respectively located on both sides of the above-mentioned piston 14. The above-mentioned piston 14 is configured to be driven when the above-mentioned first gas path channel 11 or the above-mentioned second gas path channel 12 intakes air. For example, the above-mentioned first gas path channel 11 and the above-mentioned second gas path channel 12 are configured to intake and exhaust air alternately. When the above-mentioned first gas path channel 11 intakes air, the above-mentioned second gas path channel 12 exhausts air, and the above-mentioned piston 14 drives the above-mentioned inner tube drive 7 to move backward, and at this time the cutting opening is in an open state. When the above-mentioned second gas path channel 12 intakes air, the above-mentioned first gas path channel 11 exhausts air, and the above-mentioned piston 14 moves forward, driving the above-mentioned inner tube drive 7 to move forward, and at this time the cutting opening is in a closed state. The above-mentioned base 10 is provided with a sealing ring 16, and the above-mentioned sealing ring 16 is located inside the above-mentioned first gas path channel 11 and the above-mentioned second gas path channel 12 and is nested on the above-mentioned inner tube drive rod 7 to improve the airtightness of the above-mentioned first gas path channel 11 and the above-mentioned second gas path channel 12.

[0045] Optionally, the above-mentioned vitrectomy head device further includes a housing 15. One end of the housing 15 is fixedly nested with the outer tube 6, and the other end is connected to the base 10. One end of the housing 15 can be a conical structure, which can reduce the visual field obstruction. The outer tube 6 can be fixedly nested at the top of the conical structure of the housing 15 by interference fit, which can reduce the visual field obstruction during the operation. The other end of the housing 15 can be provided with internal threads, and the part of the base 10 connected to the housing 15 can be provided with external threads. The housing 15 and the base 10 can be connected by means of screw engagement.

[0046] Optionally, the housing 15 is provided with an observation hole, and the observation hole can be located in front of the convex side of the scale 9. The shape of the observation hole can be adapted to the scale 9. For example, the observation hole can be a rectangular structure. The scale bar of the scale 9 can be observed through the observation hole. The inner wall of the housing 15 where the observation hole is located can have a certain arc, which can make the convex side of the scale 9 fit the observation hole better. The observation hole is configured to observe the scale bar of the scale 9.

[0047] Optionally, the above-mentioned adjustment mechanism further includes an electronic display screen, and the electronic display screen is associated with the adjustment component. The electronic display screen can be an OLED module, integrating a Hall angle sensor (such as AS5600) and a microcontroller (such as STM32G0 QFN16). The electronic display screen can be associated with the adjustment component through a magnetic encoder. The electronic display screen non-contact detects the rotation angle of the adjustment component through the magnetic encoder and displays the current opening scale on the electronic display screen. For example, a bipolar permanent magnet, such as a button magnet, is fixed on the adjustment component. The magnetic encoder is installed directly above the bipolar permanent magnet to detect the rotation angle of the adjustment component. The rotation angle is converted into a 0-100% proportional signal by the above-mentioned microcontroller, and the proportional signal drives the OLED to display the real-time value through the SPI interface. For example, when the knob is rotated to the middle position, "50%" is displayed, and at the end limit position, "100%" is displayed. The electronic display screen is set to display the stroke adjustment scale of the inner tube 5.

[0048] Furthermore, in the process of adopting the technical solution to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art, the inventor found that during vitrectomy, doctors rely on naked-eye observation and it is difficult to accurately and real-time master the three-dimensional spatial distance between the head end of the outer tube and the retina, and there is a risk of accidentally touching the retina. In order to more intuitively obtain the three-dimensional spatial distance between the head end of the outer tube and the retina and improve the safety of the operation, combined with the technology owned by the inventor's company, the following solution can be decided.

[0049] Optionally, the above-mentioned electric motor 4 is communicatively connected to an external device. The above-mentioned external device includes a microscope, a main control unit, and a display unit. Among them, the above-mentioned microscope can be an operating microscope connected to an OCT device. For example, the above-mentioned operating microscope can be an OMS-800 OFFISS. The above-mentioned operating microscope is used to obtain eye images. The above-mentioned eye images can be fundus color images, and the above-mentioned eye images include the above-mentioned outer tube 6. The above-mentioned OCT device is used to obtain optical coherence tomography images. For example, the above-mentioned OCT device can be a CIRRUS HD-OCT 5000. The above-mentioned optical coherence tomography images include three-dimensional voxel data. The above-mentioned three-dimensional voxel data is obtained by the above-mentioned OCT device through low-coherence interference technology to scan the eye tissue axially (depth direction, Z-axis) and transversely (X-Y plane). First, multiple frames of two-dimensional slice images are generated through transverse scanning, and then the above-mentioned two-dimensional slice images are stacked axially to form a three-dimensional data set. Each voxel corresponds to a three-dimensional coordinate, and each voxel value represents the light reflection intensity at the corresponding position. The above-mentioned three-dimensional data set can be a three-dimensional matrix formed by arranging all voxels, which can cover the entire spatial range of the scanned area. For example, the above-mentioned entire spatial range can be covered by 512×256×128 voxels, and the above-mentioned three-dimensional matrix can be composed of 512×256×128 voxels. The above-mentioned three-dimensional data set can completely reflect the layered structure of the retina. For example, the inner limiting membrane, the photoreceptor layer, etc. The above-mentioned display unit is configured to display the above-mentioned eye images. The above-mentioned display unit can be a 4k display screen. The above-mentioned main control unit is communicatively connected to the driver of the above-mentioned electric motor 4, and the above-mentioned main control unit can be configured to perform the following steps:

[0050] In the first step, perform denoising processing on the above-mentioned eye images to obtain denoised images. In practice, median filtering can be performed on the above-mentioned eye images to obtain denoised images. Noise will be generated during the transmission of the above-mentioned eye images. The denoising process can be performed on the above-mentioned eye images first to retain the clear contour of the above-mentioned outer tube 6. For example, the above-mentioned noise can be salt-and-pepper noise.

[0051] In the second step, perform enhancement processing on the above-mentioned denoised images to obtain enhanced images. In practice, adaptive histogram equalization can be performed on the above-mentioned denoised images to obtain enhanced images. The clear contour of the above-mentioned outer tube 6 in the above-mentioned denoised images has a small gray-scale difference from the background. Adaptive histogram equalization can be used to enhance the gray-scale difference between the clear contour of the above-mentioned outer tube 6 and the background.

[0052] In the third step, perform edge detection on the above-mentioned enhanced images to obtain contour images. In practice, the Canny algorithm can be used to extract the contour of the above-mentioned outer tube 6 in the above-mentioned enhanced images to obtain a binary contour image of the above-mentioned outer tube 6. The above-mentioned contour image can be an image including the contour points of the above-mentioned outer tube 6.

[0053] In the fourth step, perform Hough transform processing on the above contour image to obtain the geometric feature information of the above outer tube 6. In practice, the above contour image can be mapped to the polar coordinate parameter space through Hough transform to obtain a mapped image. Then, a set of line segments in the image can be obtained through statistical peak detection, and the above set of line segments can be used as geometric feature information.

[0054] In the fifth step, perform morphological processing on the above geometric feature information to obtain a refined contour of the outer tube 6. The above set of line segments may include noisy line segments. In practice, the noisy line segments in the above geometric feature information can be filtered through opening operation (removing small noises) and closing operation (filling holes), and the main line segments of the above outer tube 6 can be retained to obtain the filtered geometric feature information as the refined outer tube contour. The above refined outer tube contour can be a set of line segments after removing the noisy line segments from the above geometric feature information, which is closer to the real outer tube contour.

[0055] In the sixth step, perform feature analysis processing on the above refined outer tube contour to obtain a set of candidate coordinates for the head end of the outer tube. In practice, intersection detection can be first performed on the above refined outer tube contour to obtain the intersections of each adjacent line segment as an intersection set. Then, the intersections corresponding to the head end region of the above outer tube 6 can be selected from the above intersection set as the selected intersections to obtain a set of selected intersections. Then, the selected intersections in the above set of selected intersections that meet the preset curvature condition can be used as the candidate coordinates for the head end of the outer tube 6 to obtain a set of candidate coordinates for the head end of the outer tube. The preset curvature condition can be that the contour curvature of the selected intersection is greater than or equal to a preset curvature threshold. Here, no specific limitation is imposed on the specific setting of the preset curvature threshold.

[0056] In the seventh step, generate the head end coordinates of the above outer tube 6 based on the above set of candidate coordinates for the head end of the outer tube. In practice, the median filtering algorithm can be used to select the median value of the above set of candidate coordinates for the head end of the outer tube as the head end coordinates of the above outer tube 6. It should be noted that the head end coordinates of the above outer tube 6 can be two-dimensional coordinates.

[0057] In the eighth step, perform denoising processing on the above three-dimensional voxel data to obtain denoised three-dimensional voxel data. The above three-dimensional voxel data will generate noises during the imaging process and need to be denoised first. In practice, the above three-dimensional voxel data can be denoised through a denoising algorithm to obtain denoised three-dimensional voxel data. For example, the denoising algorithm can include but is not limited to BM3D. BM3D can perform three-dimensional block matching and collaborative filtering, and can retain the continuity and edge sharpness of the retinal layer structure while suppressing noises. The above denoised three-dimensional voxel data can be a three-dimensional matrix with suppressed noises and clear and continuous retinal layer structure.

[0058] In the ninth step, the denoised three-dimensional voxel data is segmented by a pre-trained segmentation model to obtain the retinal surface point cloud. The pre-trained segmentation model can be a 3D U-Net deep learning model trained based on a medical image dataset for segmenting the retinal laminar structure. For example, the medical image dataset can be OCT2017. In practice, the denoised three-dimensional voxel data can be input into the pre-trained segmentation model to obtain the class labels of each voxel. For example, the class labels can include: background, inner limiting membrane, photoreceptor layer, and each class label can be represented as a numerical value. For example, the background is 0, the inner limiting membrane is 1, and the photoreceptor layer is 2. In practice, the inner limiting membrane is adjacent to the posterior cortex of the vitreous body. When the outer tube 6 enters the vitreous cavity and approaches the retina, the first contact is the inner limiting membrane. Therefore, it is necessary to extract the three-dimensional coordinates of the voxels with the class label of the inner limiting membrane as the retinal surface point cloud. The retinal surface point cloud represents a set of three-dimensional coordinates of the voxels of the inner limiting membrane.

[0059] In the tenth step, multi-modal data registration processing is performed based on the above head-end coordinates and the retinal surface point cloud to obtain three-dimensional head-end coordinates. The multi-modal data registration is a process of aligning the head-end coordinates with the retinal surface point cloud to ensure that both are in the same coordinate system. In practice, the head-end coordinates can be mapped into the three-dimensional space of the retinal surface point cloud through rigid registration (correcting translational and rotational deviations) and non-rigid registration (correcting local deformations) to obtain three-dimensional head-end coordinates. The three-dimensional head-end coordinates can be three-dimensional coordinates obtained by three-dimensional mapping of two-dimensional coordinates.

[0060] In the eleventh step, a nearest neighbor search process is performed on the above three-dimensional head-end coordinates to obtain the real-time three-dimensional space distance between the head-end of the outer tube 6 and the retina. In practice, the KD-Tree can be used to search for the point in the retinal surface point cloud that is closest to the three-dimensional head-end coordinates as the nearest point. Then, the Euclidean distance between the three-dimensional head-end coordinates and the nearest point can be determined as the real-time three-dimensional space distance.

[0061] Step 12: Generate a warning message based on the above real-time three-dimensional space distance and preset safety parameters. In practice, in response to the above real-time three-dimensional space distance being less than the preset safety parameter, the preset red icon, the above real-time three-dimensional space distance, the current opening ratio, and the first preset recommended opening ratio are determined as the warning message. In response to the above real-time three-dimensional space distance being greater than or equal to the preset safety parameter, the preset green icon, the above real-time three-dimensional space distance, the current opening ratio, and the second preset recommended opening ratio are determined as the warning message. The above preset red icon can be an icon preset to represent a red warning. The above preset green icon can be an icon preset to represent a green warning. The current opening ratio can be the opening ratio of the current cutting opening. The first preset recommended opening ratio and the second preset recommended opening ratio can be the recommended opening ratios of the preset cutting opening. For example, the first preset recommended opening ratio can be 30%. The second preset recommended opening ratio can be 80%. For example, the above preset safety parameter can be 2 mm, which can represent that the minimum safety distance between the retina and the head end of the above outer tube 6 is 2 mm.

[0062] Step 13: Control the above display unit to display the above warning message. In practice, the above display unit can be controlled to display the above warning message in the form of a pop-up window. Optionally, the user can select the preset recommended opening ratio included in the warning message or can also select to manually input an opening ratio (such as 50%), and the above main control unit can use the opening ratio confirmed by the user and the current opening ratio as adjustment information.

[0063] In the fourteenth step, in response to detecting the adjustment information input by the user, a drive signal is sent to the driver of the electric motor 4. In practice, the difference in the opening ratio can be obtained by comparing the difference between the opening ratio in the adjustment information and the current opening ratio. For example, the opening ratio can be 50%, the current opening ratio can be 80%, and the ratio difference is -30%. Then, based on the ratio difference and the preset rotation angle, a target rotation angle and a target rotation direction are generated. Specifically, in response to determining that the ratio difference is less than 0, the counterclockwise direction can be determined as the target rotation direction. In response to determining that the ratio difference is greater than 0, the clockwise direction can be determined as the target rotation direction. In response to determining that the ratio difference is equal to 0, a null value can be determined as the target rotation direction. It should be noted that when the target rotation direction is a null value, the main control unit does not send a drive signal. The preset rotation angle can be the angle by which the electric motor 4 rotates when the opening ratio of the cutting opening is adjusted from "0%" to "100%", which is not specifically limited here. The product of the absolute value of the ratio difference and the preset rotation angle can be determined as the target rotation angle. For example, the preset rotation angle can be 3600°. The absolute value of the ratio difference can be 30%. Then the target rotation angle can be 1080°. When the ratio difference is -30%, the target rotation direction can be the counterclockwise direction. Next, a direction signal is generated according to the target rotation direction. Specifically, in response to the target rotation direction being counterclockwise rotation, a low level can be used as the direction signal. In response to the target rotation direction being clockwise rotation, a high level can be used as the direction signal. Then, a pulse signal is generated according to the target rotation angle and the preset pulse information. The preset pulse information can be the step angle of the electric motor 4. For example, the step angle of the electric motor 4 can be 1.8° / step. Specifically, the number of pulses can be obtained first by multiplying the target rotation angle by the preset pulse information. The number of pulses can be 600. Then, the number of pulses can be divided by the preset adjustment time to obtain the pulse frequency. The preset adjustment time can be 6s. The pulse frequency can be 100Hz. Next, the period can be calculated according to the pulse frequency. The period can be 10ms. Then, the period, the pulse frequency, and the number of pulses are used as the pulse signal. Then, the direction signal and the pulse signal are used as the drive signal. Finally, the drive signal is sent to the driver, and the driver can drive the electric motor 4 to rotate to the target rotation angle and the target rotation direction. At the same time, the control unit can detect the rotation position of the electric motor 4 in real time through the encoder and dynamically adjust the drive signal according to the error between the target angle and the actual position, so as to realize the adjustment of the opening ratio of the cutting opening.

[0064] As an inventive point of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the above optional embodiments solve the technical problem that "during vitrectomy, doctors rely on naked-eye observation and it is difficult to accurately and real-time grasp the three-dimensional spatial distance between the distal end of the outer tube and the retina, and there is a risk of accidentally touching the retina". The factors that lead to the risk of accidentally touching the retina are often as follows: during vitrectomy, doctors rely on naked-eye observation and it is difficult to accurately and real-time grasp the three-dimensional spatial distance between the distal end of the outer tube and the retina, and there is a risk of accidentally touching the retina. If the above factors are solved, the safety of the operation can be improved. To achieve this effect, the present disclosure is based on obtaining the real-time three-dimensional distance between the distal end of the outer tube and the retina by processing eye images and three-dimensional voxel data, and setting warning information according to the real-time three-dimensional distance and preset safety parameters, providing quantitative data support for doctors and improving the safety of the operation.

[0065] Further, in the process of adopting the technical solution to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art, the inventor found that manually inputting the opening ratio of the incision affects the surgical efficiency. From the attending doctor informing the assistant doctor of the ratio that needs to be adjusted to the assistant doctor completing the adjustment input, it takes a certain amount of time. If the assistant doctor is not present, it will further affect the surgical efficiency if the attending doctor stops the operation to adjust the opening ratio. At the same time, manual input may input incorrect information, affecting the safety of the operation. To quickly adjust the opening ratio, improve the surgical efficiency, and improve the safety of the operation, combined with the technology owned by the company where the inventor is located, the following solution can be decided.

[0066] Optionally, the above external device further includes a microphone array and an audio processing chip. The above microphone array can be a system composed of multiple microphones arranged in a specific pattern (such as linear, circular). The above audio processing chip can be a dedicated chip integrating audio signal processing functions, responsible for tasks such as noise reduction, encoding and decoding, and voiceprint recognition. For example, the above audio processing chip can be a FunASR chip. The above microphone array can include at least one directional microphone and at least one omnidirectional microphone. A directional microphone can be sensitive to sounds in a specific direction and suppress noises in other directions. For example, a cardioid directional microphone. An omnidirectional microphone can be equally sensitive to sounds in all directions. The above directional microphone can focus on the direction of the user's voice through directional voice technology to obtain directional voice information. Among them, the above directional voice technology can be a technology that concentrates the acoustic wave energy in a specific direction through a directional microphone and an algorithm (such as beamforming) to suppress interference in other directions. The above directional voice information can be a time-domain signal, including the user's voice. The above omnidirectional microphone collects environmental noise to obtain environmental noise information. The above environmental noise information can be a time-domain signal, including but not limited to the sound of the air pump running, the sound of the air conditioner running, and the sound of the vitrectomy head device running. The above audio processing chip can be configured to perform the following steps:

[0067] First step, obtain the above-mentioned directional voice information and the above-mentioned ambient noise information to obtain the original voice information. In practice, the above-mentioned directional voice information and the above-mentioned ambient noise information can be used as the original voice information.

[0068] Second step, perform frequency-domain conversion on the above-mentioned original voice information to obtain decomposed voice information. In practice, the Fourier transform can be performed on the above-mentioned original voice information to obtain a frequency-domain signal, and the above-mentioned frequency-domain signal can be used as the decomposed voice information. The above-mentioned frequency-domain signal can include the voice frequency band of the user and the voice frequency band of the ambient noise. For example, the voice frequency band of the user can be 150 - 600 Hz, the voice frequency band of the ambient noise includes a low-frequency band and a high-frequency band, the above-mentioned low-frequency band can be 80 - 200 Hz, and the above-mentioned high-frequency band can be 3000 - 5000 Hz.

[0069] Third step, perform filtering processing on the above-mentioned decomposed voice information to obtain noise-reduced voice information. In practice, the above-mentioned decomposed voice information can be first filtered using a high-pass filter to obtain preliminary noise-reduced voice information. For example, since the low-frequency band of the ambient noise is 80 - 200 Hz, a high-pass filter with a cut-off frequency of 200 Hz can be used to suppress the ambient noise in the low-frequency band. Then, the above-mentioned preliminary noise-reduced voice information is filtered using a low-pass filter to obtain noise-reduced voice information. For example, since the high-frequency band of the ambient noise is 3000 - 5000 Hz, a low-pass filter with a cut-off frequency of 3000 Hz can be used to suppress the ambient noise in the high-frequency band.

[0070] Fourth step, perform time-domain reconstruction on the above-mentioned noise-reduced voice information and improve the signal-to-noise ratio through audio gain to obtain optimized voice information. In practice, the inverse Fourier transform can be first performed on the above-mentioned noise-reduced voice information to obtain the time-domain signal after noise reduction. Then, automatic gain control is performed on the above-mentioned time-domain signal after noise reduction to improve the signal-to-noise ratio to obtain optimized voice information. The above-mentioned optimized voice information includes a clearer voice of the user.

[0071] Step 5: Extract acoustic features from the above-optimized voice information to obtain a voiceprint feature vector. In practice, the time-domain signal in the above-optimized voice information can be framed first to obtain a framed information set. For example, the time-domain signal can be segmented into short-time frames of 20 - 40 ms, and each short-time frame is used as the framed information set. Then, the framed information set can be windowed to obtain a windowed information set. For example, each short-time frame in the above-framed information set is windowed with a Hamming window to obtain the windowed information set. Calculate the fundamental frequency of each short-time frame in the above windowed information set using the YIN algorithm to obtain the fundamental frequency value, which characterizes the vibration frequency of the vocal cords. Among them, the above fundamental frequency value can be a 1D feature vector. Extract formant parameters from each short-time frame in the above windowed information set using cepstrum analysis to obtain formant parameters. Among them, the above formant parameters include formant frequency, bandwidth, and amplitude, and the above formant parameters can be a 5D feature vector. Then, perform a fast Fourier transform on each short-time frame in the above windowed information set to obtain a spectral information set. The above spectral information set includes the spectra of each short-time frame in the above windowed information set. Next, take the modulus square of the spectra of each short-time frame in the above spectral information set to obtain a spectral line energy set. Then, the above spectral line energy set can be mapped to the Mel scale through the Mel scale formula. Here, the Mel scale formula is not specifically limited. Then, evenly distribute Mel filters on the above Mel scale to obtain a filtered energy set. Specifically, there can be 20 above Mel filters. The Mel filters have the characteristics of triangular filtering. Each Mel filter can output an energy value, and the energy value output by each Mel filter is used as the filtered energy set. The above filtered energy set can be a 20D energy value. Next, perform logarithmic compression on the above filtered energy set to obtain a logarithmic spectrum. Specifically, take the logarithm of each energy value in the above filtered energy set to obtain a set of logarithmic values as the logarithmic spectrum. Then, perform a discrete cosine transform on the above logarithmic spectrum to obtain a spectral envelope. It should be noted that performing a discrete cosine transform on the above logarithmic spectrum can obtain the same number of coefficients as the above Mel filters. The first 13 coefficients can be taken to form a 13D feature vector as the spectral envelope. Then, perform a first-order difference on the above spectral envelope to obtain a first-order difference vector. Perform a second-order difference on the above spectral envelope to obtain a second-order difference vector. Then, concatenate the above spectral envelope, the above first-order difference vector, and the above second-order difference vector by frame to obtain a first voiceprint feature vector. The above first voiceprint feature vector can be a 39D feature vector. Then, concatenate the above first voiceprint feature vector, the above fundamental frequency value, and the above formant parameters by column to obtain a feature vector set as the second voiceprint feature vector. Among them, the above second voiceprint feature vector can be a 45D feature vector. Then, perform normalization processing on the above second voiceprint feature vector to eliminate the dimension difference and obtain a normalized voiceprint feature vector. The above normalized voiceprint feature vector can be a 45D feature vector.For example, Z-Score normalization can be used for normalization processing. Finally, temporal aggregation is performed on the above normalized voiceprint feature vectors to obtain voiceprint feature vectors. Specifically, the mean, variance, maximum value, and minimum value of each dimensional feature vector of the above normalized voiceprint feature vectors can be calculated statistically to obtain voiceprint feature vectors for identity verification. For example, the above voiceprint feature vectors can be 180-dimensional feature vectors.

[0072] In the sixth step, the above voiceprint feature vectors are compared with a preset voiceprint template to obtain a verification result. The above preset voiceprint template can be the user's voiceprint feature vectors stored in the system for comparison and verification. In practice, the cosine value of the angle between the above voiceprint feature vectors and the preset voiceprint template can be calculated through cosine similarity to obtain the cosine value of the angle. It can be responsive to the cosine value of the angle being less than a preset threshold, and use the preset information indicating failure as the verification result. It can be responsive to the cosine value of the angle being greater than or equal to the preset threshold, and use the preset information indicating passing as the verification result. The above preset threshold can be 0.8. For example, the preset information indicating failure can be "F". The preset information indicating passing can be "S".

[0073] In the seventh step, responsive to determining that the above verification result indicates passing, semantic parsing is performed on the above optimized voice information to obtain a semantic parsing result. In practice, the above audio processing chip can perform natural language processing (NLP) on the user's voice in the above optimized voice information to extract keywords to obtain each keyword for semantic parsing. For example, the above keywords can be "opening ratio", "increase", "10%". Finally, the above keywords are sorted according to the verb priority principle to obtain a semantic parsing result. Specifically, action keywords can be placed before nouns. For example, the keywords are sorted into the form of "verb + subject + parameter", such as after sorting the keywords as "increase the opening ratio by 30%", and then, the sorted sentence is used as the semantic parsing result. The action keywords indicating increase in the above semantic parsing result include but are not limited to increase and improve. The action keywords indicating decrease in the above semantic parsing result include but are not limited to decrease and reduce.

[0074] Step 8: Send the adjustment information of the electric motor to the main control unit based on the above semantic parsing results. In practice, the target angle and target direction can be generated based on the above semantic parsing results and a preset rotation angle. The preset rotation angle can be the angle that the electric motor 4 rotates to adjust the opening ratio of the cutting opening from "0%" to "100%", which is not specifically limited here. Specifically, in response to determining that the action keyword in the above semantic parsing results indicates an increase, the clockwise direction can be determined as the target rotation direction. In response to determining that the action keyword in the above semantic parsing results indicates a decrease, the counterclockwise direction can be determined as the target rotation direction. The product of the parameter included in the above semantic parsing results and the preset rotation angle can be determined as the target rotation angle. For example, the preset rotation angle can be 3600°. The parameter included in the above semantic parsing results can be 30%. Then the target rotation angle can be 1080°. Next, a direction signal is generated according to the above target rotation direction. Specifically, in response to the above target rotation direction being counterclockwise rotation, a low level can be used as the direction signal. In response to the above target rotation direction being clockwise rotation, a high level can be used as the direction signal. Then, a pulse signal is generated according to the above target rotation angle and preset pulse information. The preset pulse information can be the step angle of the electric motor 4. For example, the step angle of the electric motor 4 can be 1.8° / step. Specifically, the number of pulses can be obtained first by multiplying the above target rotation angle by the above preset pulse information. The number of pulses can be 600. Then, the number of pulses can be divided by the preset adjustment time to obtain the pulse frequency. The preset adjustment time can be 6s. The pulse frequency can be 100Hz. Next, the period can be calculated according to the above pulse frequency. The period can be 10ms. Then, the above period, the above pulse frequency, and the above number of pulses are used as the pulse signal. Then, the above direction signal and the above pulse signal are used as the drive signal. Finally, the above drive signal is sent to the driver, and the driver can drive the electric motor 4 to rotate to the target rotation angle and target rotation direction. At the same time, the control unit can detect the rotation position of the electric motor 4 in real time through the encoder and dynamically adjust the drive signal according to the error between the target angle and the actual position, so as to realize the adjustment of the opening ratio of the cutting opening.

[0075] As an inventive point of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the above optional embodiments solve the technical problem that "in the environment of vitrectomy surgery, the noise is complex (such as low-frequency vibration of equipment, instrument friction sound, background noise), and traditional voice control is easily interfered, resulting in information recognition failure or misoperation, affecting the surgical efficiency. At the same time, when a non-attending doctor talks to the attending doctor, the voice of the non-attending doctor is misrecognized, resulting in the vitrectomy head device performing the opposite operation, thereby reducing the safety of vitrectomy surgery". The factors that lead to the reduction of the safety of vitrectomy surgery are often as follows: the noise in the vitrectomy surgery environment is complex (such as low-frequency vibration of equipment, instrument friction sound, background noise), and traditional voice control is easily interfered, resulting in information recognition failure or misoperation, affecting the surgical efficiency. At the same time, when a non-attending doctor talks to the attending doctor, the voice of the non-attending doctor is misrecognized, resulting in the vitrectomy head device performing the opposite operation, thereby reducing the safety of vitrectomy surgery. If the above factors are solved, the effect of improving the safety of vitrectomy surgery can be achieved. To achieve this effect, the present disclosure collects user voice and environmental noise through a microphone array (a combination of a directional microphone and an omnidirectional microphone), performs frequency-domain decomposition, adaptive filtering and deep learning noise reduction using an audio processing chip, and significantly improves the signal-to-noise ratio; then extracts the voiceprint feature vector, performs high-precision voiceprint verification based on cosine similarity, and prevents misrecognition of the voice of a non-attending doctor. The voice keywords are recognized through a voice recognition model, and finally the parsing result is converted into a device control signal, realizing voiceprint recognition in a complex environment of environmental noise, and improving the safety and surgical efficiency of vitrectomy surgery.

[0076] The vitrectomy head device of the present disclosure can change the opening size of the cutting opening through an adjusting mechanism, achieving dynamic control of the suction volume, meeting the cutting requirements of different diseased tissues, and improving the surgical efficiency. Specifically, the reason for the low surgical efficiency is that the vitrectomy head device with a fixed suction volume cannot meet the cutting requirements of different diseased tissues, resulting in a reduction in surgical efficiency. Based on this, the vitrectomy head device of the present disclosure includes: an outer tube, an inner tube, and an adjusting mechanism. The head end of the above-mentioned outer tube is sealed, and the side wall of the above-mentioned outer tube is provided with a side port. The above-mentioned inner tube is nested inside the above-mentioned outer tube, one end of the above-mentioned inner tube is provided with a cutting edge, and the above-mentioned cutting edge and the above-mentioned side port form a cutting opening. The above-mentioned adjusting mechanism includes an adjusting component and an actuating component. The above-mentioned actuating component includes a retraction limit adjustment block and an inner tube retraction stop block. The above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block is adjacent to the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block. One end of the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block is fixedly embedded with the above-mentioned inner tube, and the other end is fixedly embedded with an inner tube driving rod. Inside the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block, the above-mentioned inner tube is embedded in the above-mentioned inner tube driving rod, and the above-mentioned inner tube is communicated with the above-mentioned inner tube driving rod. The above-mentioned inner tube driving rod is embedded in the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block and the base. The above-mentioned inner tube, the above-mentioned inner tube retraction stop block, the above-mentioned inner tube driving rod, and the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block are configured to be able to move coaxially. The above-mentioned adjusting component meshes with the above-mentioned retraction limit adjustment block. The side port of the outer tube of the vitrectomy head device is designed with a larger opening size, and the opening size of the cutting opening can be changed through the above-mentioned adjusting mechanism to achieve dynamic control of the suction volume. When a more stable state is required to cut the proliferative membrane on the surface of the retina, the opening size of the cutting opening is adjusted to be smaller to achieve a cutting effect with less disturbance. When cutting the turbid vitreous body in the center of the eyeball, the opening size of the cutting opening can be adjusted to be larger to meet higher surgical efficiency. By adjusting the opening size of the cutting opening, the cutting requirements of different diseased tissues are met, and the surgical efficiency is improved.

[0077] The above description is only some preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and an explanation of the applied technical principles. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure is not limited to the technical solutions formed by the specific combination of the above technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the above inventive concept. For example, the technical solutions formed by mutually replacing the above features with the (but not limited to) technical features having similar functions disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A vitrectomy head device, characterized in that, The vitrectomy head device includes: an outer tube, an inner tube, and an adjustment mechanism; The head end of the outer tube is sealed, and a side port is provided on the side wall of the outer tube; The inner tube is nested inside the outer tube. One end of the inner tube is provided with a cutting edge, and the cutting edge and the side port form a cutting opening; The adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment component and an execution component. The execution component includes a retraction limit adjustment block and an inner tube retraction stop block. The retraction limit adjustment block is adjacent to the inner tube retraction stop block. One end of the inner tube retraction stop block is fixedly embedded with the inner tube, and the other end is fixedly embedded with an inner tube drive rod. Inside the inner tube retraction stop block, the inner tube is embedded in the inner tube drive rod, and the inner tube is communicated with the inner tube drive rod. The inner tube drive rod is embedded in the retraction limit adjustment block and the base; The inner tube, the inner tube retraction stop block, the inner tube drive rod, and the retraction limit adjustment block are configured to be able to move coaxially; The adjustment component meshes with the retraction limit adjustment block.

2. The vitrectomy head device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The retraction limit adjustment block is provided with teeth. The adjustment component includes a screwing device; The screwing device includes a rolling wheel and a gear. The rolling wheel is fixedly connected to the gear. The rolling wheel is partially embedded in the groove of the base, and the outer surface of the rolling wheel is provided with anti-slip texture. The gear meshes with the teeth of the retraction limit adjustment block.

3. The vitrectomy head device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The retraction limit adjustment block is provided with teeth. The adjustment component includes an electric motor and a gear; The electric motor is connected to the gear, and the gear meshes with the teeth of the retraction limit adjustment block.

4. The vitrectomy head device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism further includes a scale. The scale is an arc-shaped structure; The concave side of the scale is provided with teeth; The convex side of the scale is provided with a scale bar; The teeth of the scale mesh with the adjustment component; The base is provided with a guide groove, and the guide groove is configured to be able to place the scale; 5. The vitrectomy head device according to claim 1, wherein, The retraction limit adjustment block includes an internal thread; One end of the base is provided with a hollow threaded post, and the outer surface of the threaded post is provided with an external thread; The retraction limit adjustment block and the base are connected by means of thread meshing.

6. The vitrectomy head device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner tube drive rod is fixedly embedded with a piston, and the inner tube drive rod is configured to move axially with the piston; The base includes a first gas path channel and a second gas path channel. Among them, the first gas path channel and the second gas path channel are configured to alternately intake and exhaust air; One end of the base is provided with a negative pressure source interface pipe. The inner tube drive rod passes through the first gas path channel and the second gas path channel and is embedded in the negative pressure source interface pipe. The negative pressure source interface pipe is communicated with the inside of the inner tube drive rod; The piston is arranged inside the base, and the piston is configured to isolate the first gas path channel and the second gas path channel; The piston is configured to be driven when air is intaken from the first gas path channel or the second gas path channel; The base is provided with a sealing ring. The sealing ring is located inside the first gas path channel and the second gas path channel and is nested on the inner tube drive rod.

7. The vitrectomy head device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The vitrectomy head device further includes a housing. One end of the housing is fixedly nested with the outer tube, and the other end is connected to the base.

8. The vitrectomy head device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer shell is provided with an observation hole, and the observation hole is configured to observe the scale bar of the scale.

9. The vitrectomy head device according to claim 1, wherein, The adjustment mechanism further includes an electronic display screen, the electronic display screen is associated with the adjustment component, and the electronic display screen is set to display the stroke adjustment scale of the inner tube.

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