Multi-stage thermal coupling anti-freezing system of fire-fighting pipe network

Abstract

The invention discloses a fire-fighting pipe network multistage thermal coupling anti-freezing system which comprises a monitoring module, a control module, a heating module, a water circulation module, a heat preservation module and a tunnel fire-fighting pipe network, the monitoring module is electrically connected with the control module, the control module is electrically connected with the heating module, and the water circulation module is electrically connected with the tunnel fire-fighting pipe network. The heating module is connected with one end of the water circulation module through a heat exchanger; the other end of the water circulation module is connected with the tunnel fire-fighting pipe network, and the heat preservation module is arranged on the outer layer of the tunnel fire-fighting pipe network. On the basis that micro-pressure self-circulation forms main pipeline fire-fighting water circulation flow, heat is obtained through a heating module and transmitted to water in a fire-fighting pipe network through a heat exchanger, a water circulation module provides power for the water in the fire-fighting pipe network, flowing circulation of the water in the pipe network is achieved, and the heat exchanger continuously heats the flowing water. And the temperature of water in a fire-fighting pipe network is integrally increased, so that intelligent operation and maintenance and on-demand heat supply can be realized to the greatest extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fire protection system anti-freezing, and specifically relates to a multi-stage thermal coupling anti-freezing system for a fire protection pipe network. Background Art

[0002] At present, the common fire protection pipe network heat preservation measures in China are generally divided into two methods. The first method is the combination form of an electric heating tape + a heat preservation layer; the second method is the combination form of a dry fire protection pipe and antifreeze. However, both methods have certain defects. Specifically, first, in the first method, the operation cost of the electric heating tape supplemented with a heat insulation layer is generally high. The entire electric heating system must be monitored and controlled online. In the case of accidental failure of the electric heating, it can be detected and repaired in time. In actual application, this system fails frequently and is very difficult to maintain. Even in some tunnels with too high failure rates, even if relevant equipment and facilities are set up, it cannot guarantee that the fire protection water pipes will not freeze, and the pipes are forced to be emptied in winter.

[0003] Secondly, for the second method, according to the "Code for Design of Automatic Fire Alarm Systems" and the "Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings" and other code documents, when installing a dry fire protection pipe, it should be ensured that the fire protection pipe can operate smoothly within 10 seconds after being filled with water. According to GB50974-2014 "Technical Code for Fire Protection Water Supply and Fire Hydrant Systems", the water filling time of a dry fire hydrant system should not be greater than 5 minutes. The code has requirements for the water filling time of the operation of the fire protection main pipe, and at the same time has certain requirements for the response time of the fire pump, and there are certain limitations on the applicable tunnel length. The antifreeze filling the pipe can prevent freezing, but it should be ensured that the antifreeze is non-toxic, does not have flammability and combustibility, and at the same time, it is necessary to solve the problem of absorbing the expansion amount of the antifreeze during heating and filling the contraction amount of the antifreeze during cooling. From the results of a small number of application cases at present, the antifreeze is easy to cause pipe corrosion and crystallization, and the cost is relatively high.

[0004] In addition, the coal-fired boiler heating method has been successfully applied in some tunnels, but there are also problems of high operation cost and environmental pollution.

[0005] In summary, the existing technologies have problems such as high energy consumption, complex construction, and difficult maintenance in actual use. Especially in extremely low temperatures, it is difficult for the existing technologies to balance the anti-freezing effect and economy. For the aforementioned existing technical problems, there is currently no effective solution. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage thermal coupling anti-freezing system for a fire protection pipe network, which can solve the technical problem that the heat preservation measures of the existing fire protection pipe network are difficult to balance the anti-freezing effect and economy.

[0007] Another aspect of the present invention provides a multi-stage thermal coupling anti-freezing system for a fire protection pipe network, which system includes: a monitoring module, a control module, a heating module, a water circulation module, a heat preservation module, and a tunnel fire protection pipe network. Among them, the monitoring module is electrically connected to the control module, the control module is electrically connected to the heating module, and the heating module is connected to one end of the water circulation module through a heat exchanger; the other end of the water circulation module is connected to the tunnel fire protection pipe network, and the heat preservation module is arranged on the outer layer of the tunnel fire protection pipe network; The monitoring module is used to monitor the temperature of the tunnel fire protection pipe network and the temperature of the tunnel site environment in real time; the control module is used to obtain the tunnel length and tunnel type, and determine the target multi-stage heating component and the target water flow rate according to the temperature of the tunnel fire protection pipe network, the temperature of the tunnel site environment, the tunnel length and the tunnel type; the heating module is used to turn on the target multi-stage heating component to heat the water in the tunnel fire protection pipe network, and control the final water circulation temperature at a first value and the temperature of the fire protection pipe at a second value; the water circulation module is used to adjust the flow rate of the water in the fire protection pipe network according to the target water flow rate until the flow rate of the water in the fire protection pipe network is consistent with the target water flow rate; the heat preservation module is used to determine the unit pipe type of the fire protection pipe, and select the corresponding heat preservation facilities according to the unit pipe type to insulate the fire protection pipe.

[0008] Optionally, the multi-stage heating component includes an air source heat pump water heater, an electric heater, and a heat exchanger, and the usage combinations of the multi-stage heating component can be any of the following ways: 2 air source heat pump water heaters + 2 electric heaters + heat exchanger, 1 air source heat pump water heater + 1 electric heater + heat exchanger, 2 air source heat pump water heaters + 1 electric heater + heat exchanger, 2 air source heat pump water heaters + heat exchanger.

[0009] Optionally, the heating module includes heat transfer facilities between the heater and the heat exchanger, and the heat transfer facilities include: DN65 inlet solenoid valve 1, DN65 return water solenoid valve 2, heat meter 3, electronic flowmeter 4, DN65 outlet solenoid valve 5, electric contact pressure gauge 6, DN65 low-resistance silent check valve 7, DN65 flexible joint 8, heating circulation pump 9, DN65 flexible joint 10, DN65 Y-type filter 11, DN65 gate valve 12, electric contact pressure gauge 13, DN65 inlet solenoid valve 14, temperature sensor 15, DN65 outlet solenoid valve 16, DN65 flexible joint 17, DN65 flexible joint 19, DN65 return water solenoid valve 20, temperature sensor 21, DN65 outlet solenoid valve 23, DN65 return water solenoid valve 25.

[0010] Optionally, the water circulation module includes: an electronic flowmeter 27, a DN100 water outlet solenoid valve 28, an electric contact pressure gauge 29, a DN100 low-resistance silencing check valve 30, a DN100 flexible joint 31, a water circulation pump 32, a DN100 flexible joint 33, a DN100 Y-type filter 34, a DN100 gate valve 35, an electric contact pressure gauge 36, a DN100 water inlet solenoid valve 37, and a straight-through dirt separator 38.

[0011] Optionally, it further includes an intelligent inspection module, which includes a data acquisition unit, an alarm unit, and a communication unit. Among them: the data acquisition unit is used to collect the temperature, flow rate, and equipment status data of the fire protection pipe network in real time; the alarm unit is used to compare the collected data with preset conditions, and if the collected data does not meet the preset conditions, an alarm is triggered; the communication unit is used to push alarm information through methods such as a monitoring center, APP, text message, or WeChat.

[0012] Optionally, the monitoring module includes: a temperature sensor and a flow sensor.

[0013] Optionally, the control module is used to obtain the tunnel length and tunnel type, and determine the target multi-stage heating component and target water flow rate according to the tunnel fire protection pipe network temperature, the tunnel site environment temperature, the tunnel length, and the tunnel type, including: if the lowest temperature of the tunnel site environment on the current day is between 0°C and -5°C, only the circulating water pump is turned on; if the lowest temperature of the tunnel site environment on the current day is between -5°C and -30°C, an air source heat pump water heater is used for heating; if the lowest temperature of the tunnel site environment on the current day is lower than -30°C, an electric heater is used for heating.

[0014] Optionally, the heat preservation module is used to determine the unit pipe type of the fire protection pipe, and select the corresponding heat preservation facilities according to the unit pipe type to insulate the fire protection pipe, including: if the unit pipe type is the fire main pipe, heat preservation materials are wrapped around the outer layer of the tunnel fire main pipe; if the unit pipe type is the fire branch pipe, a heat preservation layer and electric tracing are set to insulate the branch pipe.

[0015] Optionally, the heat preservation module further includes: a gate valve is provided at the fire branch pipe.

[0016] Optionally, the target water flow rate is 0.5m / s - 1.5m / s.

[0017] In the present invention, based on the formation of the main pipeline fire water circulation by micro-pressure self-circulation, the heating device (module) is arranged in the pump house and obtains heat through an air-source heat pump water heater / electric heater. The heating device is connected to the water circulation device (module) through a heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger transfers the heat to the water in the fire protection pipe network. The water circulation device provides power for the water in the fire protection pipe network, and the water in the pipe network realizes flow circulation. The heat exchanger continuously heats the flowing water, and the overall temperature of the water in the fire protection pipe network is increased. Through the pipe network temperature monitoring and control system, it is controlled according to the formulated anti-freezing temperature to solve the anti-freezing problem of the main pipeline of the tunnel fire protection system. In this way, intelligent operation and maintenance and heat supply on demand can be achieved to the greatest extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] By reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, various other advantages and benefits will become clear to those of ordinary skill in the art. The drawings are only for the purpose of showing the preferred embodiments and are not considered to be a limitation of the present invention. Moreover, throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 Fig. shows an optional structural block diagram of a multi-stage thermal coupling system for a fire protection pipe network provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 Fig. shows an optional application schematic diagram of a multi-stage thermal coupling system for a fire protection pipe network provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 Fig. shows an optional application schematic diagram of a heating module of a multi-stage thermal coupling anti-freezing system for a fire protection pipe network provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 Fig. shows an optional application schematic diagram of a water circulation module of a multi-stage thermal coupling anti-freezing system for a fire protection pipe network provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; and

[0023] Figure 5 Fig. shows a control logic diagram suitable for implementing a multi-stage thermal coupling anti-freezing system for a fire protection pipe network provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0024] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that in this text, the term "including", "comprising" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or system including a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or system including such element.

[0026] Embodiment 1

[0027] Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a multi-stage thermal coupling anti-freezing system for a fire protection pipe network. Specifically, Figure 1 shows a structural block diagram of the multi-stage thermal coupling anti-freezing system for the fire protection pipe network. As Figure 1 shown, the multi-stage thermal coupling anti-freezing system 100 for the fire protection pipe network includes a monitoring module 101, a control module 102, a heating module 103, a water circulation module 104, a tunnel fire protection pipe network 105, and a heat preservation module 106, where:

[0028] The monitoring module 101 of the heat preservation module 106 is electrically connected to the heat preservation module 106 of the control module 102, the control module 102 of the heat preservation module 106 is electrically connected to the heat preservation module 106 of the heating module 103, and the heating module 103 of the heat preservation module 106 is connected to one end of the water circulation module 104 of the heat preservation module 106 through a heat exchanger; the other end of the water circulation module 104 of the heat preservation module 106 is connected to the tunnel fire protection pipe network 105 of the heat preservation module 106, and the heat preservation module 106 of the heat preservation module 106 is arranged on the outer layer of the tunnel fire protection pipe network 105 of the heat preservation module 106;

[0029] The monitoring module 101 is used to monitor the temperature of the tunnel fire protection pipe network and the temperature of the tunnel site environment in real time;

[0030] Specifically, the monitoring module includes: a temperature sensor and a flow sensor. Among them, the temperature sensor and the flow sensor are used to collect the temperature of the heating device, the temperature of the fire protection pipe network, the temperature of the tunnel site environment, and the flow rate of the water in the fire protection pipe network.

[0031] The control module 102 is used to obtain the tunnel length and tunnel type, and determine the target multi-stage heating component and the target water flow rate according to the temperature of the tunnel fire protection pipe network of the heat preservation module 106, the temperature of the tunnel site environment of the heat preservation module 106, the tunnel length, and the tunnel type;

[0032] The control module controls the start, stop, and operating parameters of the heating device and the water circulation device according to the signals of the temperature sensor and the flow sensor.

[0033] The heating module 103 is used to activate the target multi-stage heating component of the heat preservation module 106 to heat the water in the tunnel fire protection pipe network, and control the final water circulation temperature at a first value and the fire protection pipe temperature at a second value;

[0034] Among them, the heating module is arranged in the pump house. The heating module includes an air source heat pump water heater, an electric heater, and a heat exchanger. The first value can be 25°C to 35°C, and the second value can be 10°C to 20°C.

[0035] The water circulation module 104 is used to adjust the water flow rate in the fire protection pipe network according to the target water flow rate of the heat preservation module 106 until the water flow rate in the fire protection pipe network is consistent with the target water flow rate of the heat preservation module 106;

[0036] The water circulation module provides power for the circulation of the fire protection water in the tunnel fire protection pipe network, including 2 circulation pumps, one of which is the main pump and the other is the standby pump. The flow rate of the circulation pump is controlled between 0.5 m / s and 1.5 m / s. The specific flow rate is determined according to the tunnel site temperature and the pipe temperature, and there is no limitation here.

[0037] The heat preservation module 106 is used to determine the unit pipe type of the fire protection pipe, and select the corresponding heat preservation facilities to heat-preserve the fire protection pipe according to the unit pipe type of the heat preservation module 106.

[0038] The heat loss in the pipe is slowed down through the heat preservation facilities, and anti-freezing heat preservation is achieved by combining dynamic heating and water circulation.

[0039] As Figure 5 shown, the working principle of the multi-stage thermal coupling anti-freezing system for the fire protection pipe network in this embodiment is to utilize the independent loop network characteristics of the main tunnel fire protection pipe, and the micro-pressure self-circulation and fixed-point intelligent heating technologies. Based on the micro-pressure self-circulation to form the main pipe fire protection water circulation flow, the heating device (module) is arranged in the pump house, obtains heat through the air source heat pump water heater / electric heater, and the heating device is connected to the water circulation device (module) through the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger transfers the heat to the water in the fire protection pipe network. The water circulation device provides power for the water in the fire protection pipe network, and the water in the pipe network realizes flowing circulation. The heat exchanger continuously heats the flowing water, and the overall temperature of the water in the fire protection pipe network is increased. Through the pipe network temperature monitoring and control system, it is controlled according to the formulated anti-freezing temperature to solve the anti-freezing problem of the main pipe of the tunnel fire protection system. In this way, intelligent operation and maintenance and heating on demand can be achieved to the greatest extent.

[0040] Preferably, the multi-stage heating assembly includes an air source heat pump water heater, an electric heater, and a heat exchanger. Among them, the usage combinations of the insulation module 106 and the multi-stage heating assembly can be any of the following: 2 air source heat pump water heaters + 2 electric heaters + heat exchanger, 1 air source heat pump water heater + 1 electric heater + heat exchanger, 2 air source heat pump water heaters + 1 electric heater + heat exchanger, 2 air source heat pump water heaters + heat exchanger. It should be noted that the above combinations can be determined comprehensively according to factors such as tunnel length, ambient temperature, and tunnel type, and are not limited to the listed situations.

[0041] Preferably, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the heating module of the insulation module 106 includes heat transfer facilities between the heater and the heat exchanger. Among them, the heat transfer facilities of the insulation module 106 include: DN65 inlet solenoid valve 1, DN65 return water solenoid valve 2, heat meter 3, electronic flowmeter 4, DN65 outlet solenoid valve 5, electric contact pressure gauge 6, DN65 low resistance silencing check valve 7, DN65 flexible joint 8, heating circulation pump 9, DN65 flexible joint 10, DN65 Y-type filter 11, DN65 gate valve 12, electric contact pressure gauge 13, DN65 inlet solenoid valve 14, temperature sensor 15, DN65 outlet solenoid valve 16, DN65 flexible joint 17, DN65 flexible joint 19, DN65 return water solenoid valve 20, temperature sensor 21, DN65 outlet solenoid valve 23, DN65 return water solenoid valve 25.

[0042] Specifically, the working principle of the heating module is as follows: The cold water coming out of the heat exchanger starts a water flow cycle through the DN65 return water solenoid valve 2 and passes through one of the temperature sensors a of the heat meter 3. When the ambient temperature is higher than -30°C, the enabled heater is the ultra-low temperature air source heat pump water heater 18. The water flow passes through the DN65 return water solenoid valve 20 and the DN65 flexible joint 19 in sequence, and the cold water enters the ultra-low temperature air source heat pump water heater 18. The heated hot water flows through the DN65 flexible joint 17 and the DN65 outlet solenoid valve 16 in sequence and enters the heat transfer facility. When the ambient temperature is lower than -30°C, the enabled heater is the electric heater 24. The cold water passing through the heat meter 3 enters the electric heater 24 through the DN65 return water solenoid valve 25, and the heated hot water enters the heat transfer facility through the DN65 outlet solenoid valve 23. The water flow path in the heat transfer facility is: flowing through the temperature sensor 15, the DN65 inlet solenoid valve 14, the electric contact pressure gauge 13, the DN65 Y-type filter 11, the DN65 flexible joint 10, and entering the heating circulation pump 9. Powered by the heating circulation pump, the water flow passes through the DN65 flexible joint 8, the DN65 low-resistance silent check valve 7, the electric contact pressure gauge 6, the DN65 outlet solenoid valve 5, the electronic flowmeter 4, and the other temperature sensor b of the heat meter 3, and the hot water enters the interior of the heat exchanger. The DN65 gate valve 12 is used for draining water during maintenance.

[0043] Preferably, as Figure 4 shown, the water circulation module includes: an electronic flowmeter 27, a DN100 outlet solenoid valve 28, an electric contact pressure gauge 29, a DN100 low-resistance silent check valve 30, a DN100 flexible joint 31, a water circulation pump 32, a DN100 flexible joint 33, a DN100 Y-type filter 34, a DN100 gate valve 35, an electric contact pressure gauge 36, a DN100 inlet solenoid valve 37, and a straight-through dirt separator 38.

[0044] Specifically, the working principle of the water circulation module is as follows: One end of the water circulation device is connected to the heating device, and the other end is connected to the tunnel fire protection water supply network. The cold water flowing back from the tunnel fire protection water supply network enters the heat exchanger through the temperature sensor 22, undergoes heat exchange in the heat exchanger, and hot water flows out. The hot water passes through the temperature sensor 21, the DN100 inlet solenoid valve 37, the electric contact pressure gauge 36, the DN100 Y-type filter 34, the DN100 flexible joint 33 in sequence and enters the water circulation pump 32. Powered by the water circulation pump, the water flow passes through the DN100 flexible joint 31, the DN100 low-resistance silent check valve 30, the electric contact pressure gauge 29, the DN100 outlet solenoid valve 28, the electronic flowmeter 27, and the straight-through dirt separator 38, and the hot water enters the tunnel fire protection water supply network. The DN100 gate valve 34 is used for draining water during maintenance.

[0045] Preferably, the multi-stage thermal coupling anti-freezing system for the fire protection pipe network further includes an intelligent inspection module, which includes a data acquisition unit, an alarm unit, and a communication unit, where: the data acquisition unit of the heat preservation module 106 is used to collect the temperature, flow rate, and equipment status data of the fire protection pipe network in real time; the alarm unit of the heat preservation module 106 is used to compare the collected data with preset conditions, and if the collected data does not meet the preset conditions, an alarm is triggered; the communication unit of the heat preservation module 106 is used to push alarm information through methods such as a monitoring center, APP, text message, or WeChat.

[0046] Specifically, the intelligent inspection module of the heat preservation module 106 can realize real-time data monitoring and alarm, achieve all-round perception and whole-process monitoring of automatic alarm, and push alarm information in a timely manner. Reminders are sent through methods such as a monitoring center, APP, text message, and WeChat to improve the technical means of fire protection management.

[0047] Preferably, the control module is specifically used for:

[0048] If the lowest temperature of the tunnel site environment on the current day is between 0°C and -5°C, only the circulating water pump is turned on;

[0049] If the lowest temperature of the tunnel site environment on the current day is between -5°C and -30°C, an air source heat pump water heater is used for heating;

[0050] If the lowest temperature of the tunnel site environment on the current day is lower than -30°C, an electric heater is used for heating.

[0051] Specifically, the control module, based on the data collected by the monitoring module, realizes the control of the heating module and the water circulation module. The activation of the heating module control should be combined with the lowest temperature of the current day's environment: when the lowest temperature of the current day's environment is between 0°C and -5°C, only the circulating water pump is turned on, and the flowing water continuously exchanges heat through heat conduction and convection, delaying the rate of water temperature drop in the pipeline and at the same time affecting the water molecule crystallization process to ensure that the water in the pipeline does not freeze and the heating device is not turned on; when the lowest temperature of the current day's environment is between -5°C and -30°C, an air source heat pump water heater is used for heating, and when the lowest temperature of the current day's environment is lower than -30°C, an electric heater is used for heating. The heating temperature control of the heating device is obtained through experiments, and the economic efficiency is optimal when the water circulation temperature of the heating device is controlled between 25°C and 35°C and the fire protection pipeline temperature is controlled between 10°C and 20°C.

[0052] Preferably, the heat preservation module is specifically used for:

[0053] If the pipe type of the heat preservation module 106 unit is the main fire protection pipe, heat preservation materials are wrapped around the outer layer of the tunnel main fire protection pipe;

[0054] If the pipe type of the heat preservation module 106 unit is a fire protection branch pipe, a heat preservation layer and electric tracing are set to insulate the branch pipe;

[0055] Specifically, the heat preservation facilities include the heat preservation of the main fire pipeline and the branch fire pipelines. The heat preservation module 106 is for the main fire pipeline heat preservation facilities. The main fire pipelines inside and outside the tunnel are wrapped with heat preservation materials to slow down the heat loss in the pipelines. The heat preservation materials can be polyurethane foam, aluminum silicate, rock wool or other high-efficiency heat preservation materials. The heat preservation module 106 is for the anti-freezing facilities of the branch fire pipelines, and the heat preservation method of "heat preservation layer + electric tracing" is adopted.

[0056] Preferably, the heat preservation module further includes: a gate valve is provided at the branch fire pipeline for convenient maintenance in case of freezing.

[0057] Preferably, the target water flow rate of the heat preservation module 106 is 0.5m / s - 1.5m / s. For the flow rate control of the water circulation device, considering the code requirements and test results, the economy is optimal when the flow rate is controlled within 0.5m / s - 1.5m / s. The specific flow rate should be determined in combination with factors such as the tunnel site temperature and the pipeline temperature.

[0058] The following embodiments are used to explain the technical solution in more detail, and these embodiments do not limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0059] Embodiment 2

[0060] This embodiment is a double-hole tunnel with a length of 1300m, and the lowest winter temperature in the tunnel site area is -40°C. The heating device adopts 2 air source heat pump water heaters + 2 electric heaters + heat exchangers. The temperature sensor outside the tunnel detects the temperature as -27°C, and the control mechanism controls the air source heat pump water heater to heat. The water circulation device is set with a flow rate of 1.0m / s. When the temperature rise rate of the return water temperature in the pipeline is less than 1°C / hour, the water flow rate of the water circulation device is increased by 0.1m / s. If the temperature rise rate of the return water temperature in the next hour is still less than 1°C / hour, the water flow rate of the water circulation device is increased by 0.1m / s again, and the maximum is increased to 1.5m / s. When the water temperature exceeds the initial setting by 20°C, the heating device is turned off, and only the water circulation device is turned on. The water circulation device is set with a flow rate of 1.0m / s to circulate the water flow to avoid freezing due to too low local temperature. Considering the characteristics of the air source heat pump water heater, to maximize the energy efficiency ratio, the heating process is selected during the day and the heating is stopped at night.

[0061] Embodiment 3

[0062] This embodiment is a double - hole tunnel with a length of 1300 m, and the lowest winter temperature in the tunnel site area is - 40°C. The heating device uses 2 air - source heat pump water heaters + 2 electric heaters + heat exchangers. The temperature sensor outside the tunnel detects the temperature as - 32°C, and the control mechanism controls the electric heaters to heat. The water circulation device sets the flow rate at 1.0 m / s. When the temperature rise rate of the return water in the pipeline is less than 1°C / hour, the flow rate of the water circulation device is increased by 0.1 m / s. If the temperature rise rate of the return water in the next hour is still less than 1°C / hour, the flow rate of the water circulation device is increased by 0.1 m / s again, and the maximum is increased to 1.5 m / s. When the water temperature exceeds the initial setting by 20°C, the heating device is turned off, and only the water circulation device is turned on. The water circulation device sets the flow rate at 1.0 m / s for circulating water flow to avoid freezing due to too low local temperature.

[0063] Embodiment Four

[0064] This embodiment is a double - hole tunnel with a length of 5300 m, and the lowest winter temperature in the tunnel site area is - 20°C. Since the total length of the fire - fighting pipe network exceeds 10 km, the temperature loss and pressure loss along the way are relatively large. One set of anti - freezing systems is set at each end of the tunnel, and each set of heating devices uses 2 air - source heat pump water heaters + heat exchangers. The temperature sensor outside the tunnel detects the temperature as - 18°C, and the control mechanism controls the air - source heat pump water heaters to heat. The water circulation devices at both ends of the tunnel adopt the same flow rate, and the water circulation device sets the flow rate at 1.0 m / s. When the temperature rise rate of the return water in the pipeline is less than 1°C / hour, the flow rate of the water circulation device is increased by 0.1 m / s. If the temperature rise rate of the return water in the next hour is still less than 1°C / hour, the flow rate of the water circulation device is increased by 0.1 m / s again, and the maximum is increased to 1.5 m / s. When the water temperature exceeds the initial setting by 20°C, the heating device is turned off, and only the water circulation device is turned on. The water circulation device sets the flow rate at 1.0 m / s for circulating water flow to avoid freezing due to too low local temperature. Considering the characteristics of the air - source heat pump water heater, to maximize the energy efficiency ratio, the heating process is selected during the day and the heating is stopped at night.

[0065] The present invention can realize the anti - freezing and heat - preservation function of the fire - fighting pipeline in winter, and can ensure the safety of fire - fighting water to a certain extent. It not only ensures fire safety, but also reduces energy consumption, saves electric energy, avoids unnecessary energy waste, realizes the dual goals of energy conservation and environmental protection, and is beneficial to economic and social benefits.

[0066] Certainly, the present invention can also have many other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and deformations according to the present invention (such as changes in the control flow rate of the circulation pump, selection of different power of the heating device, or different pipe models and different pipe connection components, etc.). However, these corresponding changes and deformations should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage thermal coupling anti-freezing system for a fire protection pipe network, characterized in that, The system includes: a monitoring module, a control module, a heating module, a water circulation module, a heat preservation module, and a tunnel fire protection pipe network. Among them, the monitoring module is electrically connected to the control module, the control module is electrically connected to the heating module, and the heating module is connected to one end of the water circulation module through a heat exchanger; the other end of the water circulation module is connected to the tunnel fire protection pipe network, and the heat preservation module is arranged on the outer layer of the tunnel fire protection pipe network; The monitoring module is used for real-time monitoring of the temperature of the tunnel fire protection pipe network and the temperature of the tunnel site environment; The control module is used for obtaining the tunnel length and tunnel type, and determining the target multi-stage heating component and the target water flow rate according to the temperature of the tunnel fire protection pipe network, the temperature of the tunnel site environment, the tunnel length, and the tunnel type; The heating module is used for turning on the target multi-stage heating component to heat the water in the tunnel fire protection pipe network, and controlling the final water circulation temperature at a first value and the temperature of the fire protection pipe at a second value; The water circulation module is used for adjusting the water flow rate in the fire protection pipe network according to the target water flow rate until the water flow rate in the fire protection pipe network is consistent with the target water flow rate; The heat preservation module is used for determining the unit pipe type of the fire protection pipe, and selecting the corresponding heat preservation facility according to the unit pipe type to perform heat preservation on the fire protection pipe.

2. The multi-stage thermal coupling anti-freezing system for a fire protection pipe network according to claim 1, wherein, The multi-stage heating component includes an air source heat pump water heater, an electric heater, and a heat exchanger. Among them, the usage combinations of the multi-stage heating component can be any of the following ways: 2 air source heat pump water heaters + 2 electric heaters + heat exchanger, 1 air source heat pump water heater + 1 electric heater + heat exchanger, 2 air source heat pump water heaters + 1 electric heater + heat exchanger, 2 air source heat pump water heaters + heat exchanger.

3. The multi-stage thermal coupling anti-freezing system for a fire protection pipe network according to claim 2, wherein The heating module includes heat transfer facilities between the heater and the heat exchanger. Among them, the heat transfer facilities include: DN65 inlet solenoid valve 1, DN65 return water solenoid valve 2, heat meter 3, electronic flowmeter 4, DN65 outlet solenoid valve 5, electric contact pressure gauge 6, DN65 low resistance silent check valve 7, DN65 flexible joint 8, heating circulation pump 9, DN65 flexible joint 10, DN65 Y-type filter 11, DN65 gate valve 12, electric contact pressure gauge 13, DN65 inlet solenoid valve 14, temperature sensor 15, DN65 outlet solenoid valve 16, DN65 flexible joint 17, DN65 flexible joint 19, DN65 return water solenoid valve 20, temperature sensor 21, DN65 outlet solenoid valve 23, DN65 return water solenoid valve 25.

4. The multi-stage thermal coupling anti-freezing system for a fire protection pipe network according to claim 1, wherein The water circulation module includes: electronic flowmeter 27, DN100 outlet solenoid valve 28, electric contact pressure gauge 29, DN100 low resistance silent check valve 30, DN100 flexible joint 31, water circulation pump 32, DN100 flexible joint 33, DN100 Y-type filter 34, DN100 gate valve 35, electric contact pressure gauge 36, DN100 inlet solenoid valve 37, straight-through dirt remover 38.

5. The multi - stage thermal coupling anti - freezing system for a fire protection pipe network according to claim 1, wherein, It also includes an intelligent inspection module, which includes a data acquisition unit, an alarm unit, and a communication unit. Specifically: the data acquisition unit is used to collect the temperature, flow rate, and equipment status data of the fire pipeline network in real time; the alarm unit is used to compare the collected data with preset conditions, and if the collected data does not meet the preset conditions, an alarm is triggered; the communication unit is used to push alarm information through methods such as a monitoring center, APP, text message, or WeChat.

6. The multi-stage thermal coupling anti-freezing system for a fire protection pipe network according to claim 1, wherein, The monitoring module includes: a temperature sensor and a flow sensor.

7. The multi-stage thermal coupling anti-freezing system for a fire protection pipe network according to claim 1, wherein, The control module is used to obtain the tunnel length and tunnel type, and determine the target multi-stage heating component and target water flow rate according to the temperature of the tunnel fire pipeline network, the temperature of the tunnel site environment, the tunnel length, and the tunnel type, including: If the lowest temperature of the tunnel site environment on the current day is between 0°C and -5°C, only the circulation water pump is turned on; If the lowest temperature of the tunnel site environment on the current day is between -5°C and -30°C, an air source heat pump water heater is used for heating; If the lowest temperature of the tunnel site environment on the current day is lower than -30°C, an electric heater is used for heating.

8. The multi-stage thermal coupling anti-freezing system for a fire protection pipe network according to claim 1, wherein, The heat preservation module is used to determine the unit pipeline type of the fire pipeline, and select the corresponding heat preservation facilities according to the unit pipeline type to insulate the fire pipeline, including: If the unit pipeline type is the main fire pipeline, heat preservation materials are wrapped around the outer layer of the tunnel main fire pipeline; If the unit pipeline type is a fire branch pipe, a heat preservation layer and electric tracing are set to insulate the branch pipe; 9. The multi-stage thermal coupling anti-freezing system for a fire protection pipe network according to claim 8, wherein, The heat preservation module also includes: a gate valve is set at the fire branch pipe.

10. The multi-stage thermal coupling anti-freezing system for a fire protection pipe network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target water flow rate is 0.5m / s - 1.5m / s.

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