Water ion generation method and device based on atomization and discharge plasma

Abstract

The invention discloses a water ion generation method and device based on atomization and discharge plasmas, and is characterized in that the method adopts a method of synergistic effect of atomized liquid drops and discharge plasmas, water ion particles are efficiently generated through the synergistic effect of the atomized liquid drops and the discharge plasmas, and the method specifically comprises the treatment steps of atomization, discharge and the like. The water ion generation device comprises an atomization module, a discharge module, a barrier layer electrode group and a control module. Compared with the prior art, water ion particles are efficiently generated through the synergistic effect of atomized liquid drops and discharge plasma, so that water ions and the technology thereof can be widely applied to the fields of air purification, beauty and hairdressing, sterilization and disinfection and the like, and good application prospects and commercial development values are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of atomization, and specifically to a method and device for generating water ions based on the synergistic effect of atomization and dielectric barrier discharge plasma. Background Art

[0002] Water ions (such as hydroxyl radical ions ( - OH), hydronium ions (H3O + etc.) have wide applications in the fields of air pollutant purification, environmental regulation, microbial inactivation, beauty and hair care, etc. Traditional water ion generation methods are mainly realized through gas electrolysis methods (corona discharge, glow discharge) and liquid-phase electrolysis methods (liquid electrolysis), and have the following deficiencies: 1) The energy utilization rate of a single discharge method is low, the unit energy consumption is large, and the ion generation efficiency is limited; 2) The reliability of the electrodes is insufficient, and direct discharge of liquid water easily causes electrode corrosion or short circuit; 3) There is a lack of synergistic optimization of the atomization process and the discharge process, and the ion concentration and stability are insufficient.

[0003] In summary, although ultrasonic atomization and Bernoulli atomization in the prior art can convert liquid water into micron-sized droplets, they have not been effectively combined with the dielectric barrier discharge plasma technology, and it is difficult to achieve efficient water ion generation only using atomization technology. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new method and device for generating water ions that combines atomization kinetics technology and dielectric barrier discharge plasma. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for generating water ions based on atomization and discharge plasma in view of the deficiencies of the prior art. By using the synergistic effect of atomized droplets and discharge plasma, efficient and stable generation of water ion particles is achieved. This method combines ultrasonic atomization technology, Bernoulli atomization technology or both, and cooperates with dielectric barrier discharge plasma technology to make the synergistic effect of atomized droplets and discharge plasma improve the generation efficiency, concentration and stability of water ions. The device adopts a split structure, as well as methods such as parameter synergistic optimization and closed-loop control, to form a complete path of "liquid water → atomized droplets → high-energy electron collision dissociation (discharge ionization) → water ions (water and ion clusters)". Through the synergistic effect of atomized droplets and discharge plasma, water ion particles are efficiently generated, enabling water ions and their technologies to be widely applied in the fields of air purification, beauty and hair care, sterilization and disinfection, etc., and having good application prospects and commercial development value.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved as follows: A method for generating water ions based on atomization and discharge plasma, which is characterized by using the synergistic effect of atomized droplets and discharge plasma to efficiently generate water ion particles, and specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Atomization treatment The liquid water is converted into atomized droplets in the way of ultrasonic atomization, Bernoulli atomization or the combination of both, forming an atomized air flow.

[0006] Step 2: Discharge treatment The generated atomized air flow is introduced into the dielectric barrier discharge region. Under the action of a high-voltage power supply, the atomized droplets are subjected to discharge treatment through the electrodes of the dielectric barrier layer, and a plasma air flow of water ion microparticles is efficiently and stably generated.

[0007] The dielectric barrier discharge region includes at least a pair of barrier layer electrodes. The barrier layer electrodes are metal electrodes covered with an insulating dielectric layer (such as ceramics, alumina, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, etc.). The discharge gap is 0.01 - 10 mm, the output voltage of the high-voltage power supply is 1 - 100 kV, and the frequency is DC - 100 kHz; a catalytic layer is coated on the surface of the barrier layer electrodes, and the yield of water ion free radicals is increased through the plasma photocatalytic coupling effect.

[0008] The ultrasonic atomization uses an ultrasonic transducer (resonance frequency 40 kHz - 10 MHz) to vibrate and break the liquid water into micron-sized droplets (≤20 μm); the Bernoulli atomization uses the negative pressure formed when a high-speed air flow (such as the air flow generated by a blower, ≥10 m / s) flows through a converging-diverging structure to suck and break the liquid water into micron-sized droplets (≤100 μm); the way of combining ultrasonic atomization and Bernoulli atomization is to further refine and transport the droplets of the liquid water pretreated by ultrasonic atomization through Bernoulli atomization.

[0009] The catalytic layer is a titanium oxide coating, a zinc oxide coating or a coating composed of a composite of titanium oxide and zinc oxide, and the specific surface area of the catalytic layer is ≥200 m² / g.

[0010] A water ion generating device based on atomization and discharge plasma, characterized in that the device consists of an atomization module, a discharge module and a control module. The atomization module is used to generate atomized droplets and includes an ultrasonic atomization unit, a Bernoulli atomization unit or an atomization unit with a combined structure of ultrasonic atomization - Bernoulli atomization. The ultrasonic atomization unit includes an ultrasonic transducer and a liquid water input end. The Bernoulli atomization unit includes: an air inlet, a converging - diverging nozzle and a liquid water supply channel. The ultrasonic atomization - Bernoulli atomization combined structure includes: an ultrasonic atomization unit, a flow - guiding cone and a Bernoulli atomization unit. The discharge module includes: a barrier layer electrode group, a high - voltage power supply and a discharge area. The barrier layer electrode group includes: the barrier layer electrode group is a high - voltage electrode and a ground electrode coated with a dielectric layer, and is arranged in the discharge area for discharging the atomized air flow. The control module includes: a main control chip and a sensing unit, which uses a dynamic adjustment control algorithm to adjust the atomization method, ultrasonic power, discharge parameters, air flow velocity, etc. The sensing unit includes a conductivity sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor and a dew condensation sensor. The control algorithm includes a PID algorithm and a machine learning algorithm.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects and significant technological progress: 1) The present invention innovatively organically combines ultrasonic atomization technology and Bernoulli atomization technology, which complement each other and jointly act on the atomization process of liquid water. Ultrasonic atomization uses high - frequency vibration energy of 40 kHz - 2 MHz, which can break the bondage between water molecules at the microscopic level, reduce the surface tension of liquid water through the cavitation effect, and initially break up liquid water into smaller particles. Bernoulli atomization, on the other hand, relies on specific aerodynamic principles to further refine and break the water flow under the impact of high - speed air flow and strong shear force. This multi - stage fragmentation mechanism works in deep coordination, enabling liquid water to be broken into extremely tiny and highly uniform droplets. Compared with traditional single - atomization methods, the atomization efficiency has been improved by leaps and bounds, and sufficient water molecule sources can be provided for subsequent water ion generation in a shorter time. At the same time, the uniformly distributed droplets greatly increase the contact area with the discharge area, and each tiny droplet can fully participate in the plasma discharge process, laying a solid foundation for the efficient generation of water ions and comprehensively enhancing the working efficiency of the entire device.

[0012] 2) In the blocking layer discharge process, the present invention ingeniously introduces an insulating dielectric layer to separate the electrode from the liquid water. This crucial measure builds a safety defense line for the long-term stable operation of the device. As the core component for discharge, if the electrode is directly in contact with the liquid water, it is extremely vulnerable to corrosion, leading to a rapid decline in the electrode performance. This not only affects the generation effect of water ions but may also cause a short-circuit fault, endangering the normal operation of the entire device and even posing a safety hazard. The insulating dielectric layer, like a solid shield, completely isolates the electrode from the liquid water, effectively preventing the occurrence of corrosion and ensuring that the electrode always maintains good conductivity and discharge performance. In the long run, it greatly extends the service life of the device, reduces the cost input of frequent maintenance and component replacement, enabling the present invention to operate stably and reliably in various complex environments and long-term continuous working scenarios, providing users with continuous and efficient services.

[0013] 3) There is a delicate coupling effect between the atomized airflow and the discharge plasma designed in the present invention. This unique design brings remarkable energy-saving and efficiency-enhancing results. In traditional water ion generation devices, to achieve plasma discharge to ionize water molecules, a relatively high discharge threshold is often required, which means consuming a large amount of electrical energy. However, through optimizing the structure and process, the present invention enables the atomized airflow and the discharge plasma to cooperate closely. When the atomized airflow passes through the discharge area, it can change the local electric field distribution, reducing the energy barrier required for plasma formation, that is, effectively lowering the discharge threshold. In this way, not only is the unnecessary loss of electrical energy reduced, but also the generation rate of water ions is significantly increased. More high-concentration water ions can be generated per unit time, achieving higher output benefits with less energy input, perfectly meeting the dual pursuits of energy conservation, environmental protection, and efficient production in today's society, and showing unique advantages in market competition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the blocking layer discharge structure for ultrasonic atomization in Example 1; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the blocking layer discharge structure for ultrasonic atomization in Example 2; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the blocking layer discharge structure for Bernoulli atomization in Example 3; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the blocking layer discharge structure for the combination of ultrasonic atomization and Bernoulli atomization in Example 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] The present invention will be further described in detail through the following specific embodiments. Embodiment

[0016] Refer to Figure 1, a specific method for efficiently generating water ion particles through the synergistic effect of atomized droplets and discharge plasma in an ultrasonic atomization + barrier layer discharge structure constructed by using the water ion generation method of the present invention is as follows: Step 1: Atomization stage Liquid water is ultrasonically broken by an ultrasonic transducer (frequency 1 - 2 MHz), generating droplets with a size of 5 - 20 μm through vibration, and is transported to the discharge cavity through ultrasonic atomization. Step 2: Discharge stage The droplets enter the discharge cavity, and a barrier layer electrode (aluminum electrode substrate covered with an alumina dielectric layer, gap 2 mm) inside generates microdischarges under a high voltage of 15 kV and 1 kHz, and hydroxyl ions (OH - ), and hydronium ions (H3O + ) are generated by surface ionization of the droplets. Example

[0017] Refer to Figure 2 , another ultrasonic atomization + barrier layer discharge structure constructed by using the water ion generation method of the present invention, a specific method for efficiently generating water ion particles through the synergistic effect of atomized droplets and discharge plasma is as follows: Step 1: Atomization stage Liquid water is ultrasonically broken by an ultrasonic transducer (frequency 1 - 2 MHz), generating droplets with a size of 5 - 20 μm through vibration, and is transported to the discharge cavity through ultrasonic atomization. Step 2: Discharge stage The droplets enter the discharge cavity, and a barrier layer electrode (aluminum electrode substrate covered with an alumina dielectric layer, gap 2 mm) inside generates microdischarges under a high voltage of 15 kV and 1 kHz, and hydroxyl ions (OH - ), and hydronium ions (H3O + ) are generated by surface ionization of the droplets. Example

[0018] Refer to Figure 3 , a Bernoulli atomization + barrier layer discharge structure constructed by using the water ion generation method of the present invention, a specific method for efficiently generating water ion particles through the synergistic effect of atomized droplets and discharge plasma is as follows: Step 1: Atomization stage A high-speed air flow (flow velocity 10 m / s) driven by a fan passes through a convergent-divergent nozzle (throat diameter 2 mm) to form a negative pressure at the throat, sucking in liquid water and breaking it into droplets with a size of 10 - 100 μm. Step 2: Discharge stage The droplets enter the discharge region along with the air flow, and are discharged through a barrier layer electrode (copper electrode covered with a quartz dielectric layer, gap 3 mm) at 20 kV and 500 Hz, generating peroxy ions and hydroxyl ions (OH -), and a water ion air flow of hydronium ions. Example

[0019] Refer to Figure 4 , for the barrier layer discharge structure combining ultrasonic atomization and Bernoulli atomization constructed by using the water ion generation method of the present invention, through the synergistic effect of atomized droplets and discharge plasma, the specific steps for efficiently generating water ion particles are as follows: Step 1: Atomization stage Primary atomization, the ultrasonic transducer pre-treats liquid water to generate preliminary atomized droplets of 20 - 50 μm; secondary atomization, the high-speed air flow through the Bernoulli nozzle further breaks them into 2 - 50 μm. Step 2: Discharge stage The ultrafine droplets enter the discharge cavity and are efficiently ionized under the action of the barrier layer electrode (gap 1 mm, voltage 10 kV, frequency 5 kHz) to generate a water ion air flow containing peroxy ions, hydroxyl ions (OH - ), and hydronium ions.

[0020] The above specific implementation is only to further illustrate the present invention and is not intended to limit the patent of the present invention. All equivalent implementations of the present invention should be included within the scope of the claims of the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for generating water ions based on atomization and discharge plasma, characterized in that: By using the synergistic effect of atomized droplets and discharge plasma, the stable generation of water ion particles is achieved. The method specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Atomization treatment The liquid water is converted into atomized droplets through an ultrasonic atomization unit, a Bernoulli atomization unit, or a combination of both to form an atomized air flow; Step 2: Discharge treatment The above atomized air flow is introduced into the barrier layer discharge region, and the atomized droplets are discharged through the barrier layer electrodes covered with an insulating dielectric layer to generate a plasma air flow containing water ions.

2. The water ion generation method based on atomization and dielectric barrier discharge plasma according to claim 1, wherein The ultrasonic atomization uses an ultrasonic transducer with a resonance frequency of 40 kHz - 10 MHz to vibrate and break the liquid water into droplets of 5 - 20 μm; the Bernoulli atomization uses the negative pressure generated by a high-speed air flow with a flow rate of ≥10 m / s passing through a converging-diverging structure to suck and break the liquid water into droplets of 10 - 100 μm; the combination of ultrasonic atomization and Bernoulli atomization further refines the liquid water pretreated by ultrasonic atomization into droplets of 2 - 50 μm through Bernoulli atomization.

3. The method for generating water ions based on atomization and barrier layer discharge plasma according to claim 1, wherein The material of the insulating dielectric layer is alumina, ceramic, or silicon nitride; the discharge gap in the barrier layer discharge region is 0.01 - 10 mm, the output voltage of the high-voltage power supply is 1 - 100 kV, and the frequency is DC - 100 kHz.

4. A water ion generating device constructed by the water ion generating method based on atomization and barrier layer discharge plasma as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The water ion generating device includes: an atomization module, a discharge module, a barrier layer electrode group, and a control module. The atomization module is an ultrasonic atomization unit, a Bernoulli atomization unit, or an atomization unit combined with ultrasonic and Bernoulli for generating atomized droplets; the discharge module includes a barrier layer electrode group, a high-voltage power supply, a photocatalytic coupling structure, and a discharge cavity; the barrier layer electrode group is a metal electrode for discharging the atomized air flow and covered with an insulating dielectric layer; the control module includes a control system and a control algorithm for adjusting the atomization method, discharge parameters, and air flow rate.

5. The water ion generating device constructed according to the water ion generating method based on atomization and barrier layer discharge plasma as claimed in claim 4, wherein, The ultrasonic atomization unit includes an ultrasonic transducer and a liquid water input end; the Bernoulli atomization unit includes an air inlet, a converging-diverging nozzle, and a liquid water supply channel; the atomization unit combined with ultrasonic and Bernoulli is an ultrasonic atomization unit and a Bernoulli atomization unit that are independently arranged or arranged in series.

6. The water ion generating device constructed according to the water ion generating method based on atomization and barrier layer discharge plasma as claimed in claim 4, wherein, The insulating dielectric layer of the barrier layer electrode group is made of alumina, ceramic, silicon nitride, or silicon oxide material, and its thickness is 0.002 - 2 mm; the material of the metal electrode is titanium, aluminum, stainless steel, copper, gold, platinum, tungsten, or aluminum alloy.

7. The water ion generating device constructed according to the water ion generating method based on atomization and barrier layer discharge plasma as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that, The catalytic layer coated on the photocatalytic coupling structure is a composite of one or two materials of TiO2 and SiO2, and the specific surface area of the catalytic layer is ≥200 m² / g.

8. The water ion generating device constructed by the water ion generating method based on atomization and barrier layer discharge plasma according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control system includes a main control chip and a sensing unit; the sensing unit includes a conductivity sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a dew condensation sensor; the control algorithm includes a PID algorithm and a machine learning algorithm.

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