High-precision grinding detection equipment for graphite ring machining and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to high-precision grinding detection equipment for graphite ring machining and a using method thereof.The high-precision grinding detection equipment comprises a rack, a main motor, a rotary disc, a grinding head, a rotary necking clamping base and a laser vibration measurer, the main motor is vertically installed in the rack, the output end of the main motor faces upwards, and the main motor is connected with the rotary disc through a main shaft to drive the rotary disc to rotate in the rack; the rotating necking clamping seat is installed in the rack and located on the same horizontal plane with the rotating disc, the multiple grinding heads are installed on the rotating disc in a mirror symmetry mode and used for grinding the graphite ring installed in the rotating necking clamping seat, the distance between the grinding heads and the inner ring of the graphite ring is adjustable, and the multiple sets of laser vibration measuring instruments are arranged with the central axis of the rotating disc as the center. The laser vibration meters are arranged right above the receiving rings of the turntable in a mirror symmetry manner in pairs, and the laser vibration meters are used for detecting the deflection peak value in the rotating process of the turntable and sending the deflection peak value to the controller so as to judge whether the polished graphite ring reaches the standard or not, so that the quality inspection efficiency and the graphite ring machining precision are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of graphite processing equipment, and particularly to a high-precision grinding and detection device for graphite ring processing and its usage method. Background Art

[0002] Aviation high-speed seals belong to high-end sealing products. Although their cost accounts for a low proportion in aircraft, they cover a wide range and are key components to maintain the safe and reliable operation of the system. Currently, most of the seals used in aeroengines adopt graphite rings as seals. The graphite rings are made into rings by high-temperature and high-pressure treatment of graphite powder, and have good sealing performance and high-temperature resistance. They have a long service life and can be used for a long time in harsh working environments without frequent replacement. Most graphite sealing rings are split structures. When in use, they are spliced into a circular ring and sleeved on the engine main shaft. Because aeroengines have extremely high requirements for leakage prevention, the inner circle accuracy of graphite rings is required to be extremely high. After high-temperature and high-pressure treatment, the inner circle surface still needs to be manually polished by senior grinders, and the efficiency is too low. To improve the efficiency, the applicant designed a graphite ring running-in machine with the application number 202311518153.0, which can achieve automatic grinding and improve the production operation efficiency. Although the current equipment has improved the operation efficiency, the finished products are greatly affected by the yaw of the integrated runway grinding disc, resulting in a high defective rate of the produced products. Secondly, after automatic grinding, the quality inspection personnel need to use a high-precision internal diameter micrometer and a magnifying glass to observe whether there are periodic stripes on the inner circle of the graphite ring, and the detection is time-consuming and laborious. Therefore, further improvement is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on this, in view of the above problems, it is necessary to provide a high-precision grinding and detection device for graphite ring processing and its usage method.

[0004] A high-precision grinding and detection device for graphite ring processing includes a frame, a main motor, a turntable, a grinding head, a rotary necking clamping seat, and a laser vibrometer. The main motor is vertically installed in the frame, with the output end facing upward and connected to the turntable through a main shaft, driving the turntable to rotate in the frame. The rotary necking clamping seat is installed in the frame and is on the same horizontal plane as the turntable. A plurality of the grinding heads are symmetrically installed on the turntable in a mirror image manner for grinding the graphite ring installed in the rotary necking clamping seat. The grinding head is telescopic, and the distance between the grinding head and the inner ring of the graphite ring is adjustable. There are several groups of laser vibrometers, which are symmetrically arranged in a mirror image manner in pairs directly above the receiving ring of the turntable with the central axis of the turntable as the center. The laser vibrometer is used to detect the peak value of yaw during the rotation of the turntable and send the peak value of yaw to the controller to determine whether the ground graphite ring meets the standards.

[0005] Preferably, the grinding head includes a connecting body, a grinding portion and a tension spring. A plurality of channels are arranged in the turntable along the radial direction. The connecting body movably penetrates through the channels. The rear end of the connecting body is detachably connected to the bottom of the channels through the tension spring. The front end of the connecting body is connected to the grinding portion. The working surface of the grinding portion protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the turntable.

[0006] Preferably, the grinding portion is movably fitted in the expansion portion at the outer end of the channel.

[0007] Preferably, a stop portion is detachably installed at the rear end of the connecting body, and a step matching the stop portion is provided at the rear end of the channel.

[0008] Preferably, a central shaft is arranged in the middle of the turntable. The central shaft penetrates through the turntable. Its lower end is detachably connected to the main shaft, and its upper end is connected to a compression nut. The compression nut abuts against the upper surface of the turntable. The top of the central shaft is connected to a rotary joint. The rotary joint is communicated with a main cooling channel arranged in the central shaft. The main cooling channel is communicated with a plurality of sub-spiral channels surrounding the outside of the channels.

[0009] Preferably, an airbag is arranged in the expansion portion. The airbag is elastic. A phase change body is filled in the airbag. The airbag wraps the grinding portion.

[0010] Preferably, the rotary constriction clamping seat includes a driving motor, an external gear disc, a plurality of ejector rods and a bottom ring. The bottom ring is installed on the frame. The external gear disc is arranged on the bottom ring. A gear disc is arranged at the output end of the driving motor. The gear disc meshes with the outer ring of the external gear disc. A plurality of arc-shaped grooves are arranged on the disc surface of the external gear disc. The limit protrusions at the rear ends of the ejector rods are movably clamped in the arc-shaped grooves one by one. A plurality of sliding grooves are evenly spaced along the radial direction at the upper end of the bottom ring. The front ends of the ejector rods movably penetrate through the sliding grooves one by one to clamp the graphite ring.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of horizontal rollers are installed at the lower end of the bottom ring. There is a gap between adjacent two rollers. The plurality of rollers surround in a ring shape for supporting the turntable.

[0012] A method for using a high-precision grinding and detecting device for graphite ring processing includes the following steps. S1, adaptively clamp the graphite rings spliced into a ring by the rotary constriction clamping seat; S2, start the main motor to drive the turntable to rotate. Under the action of centrifugal force, the grinding head moves along the radial direction of the turntable and abuts against the inner ring of the graphite ring to perform grinding operations. S3. The laser vibrometer emits laser light towards the receiving ring of the turntable, collects the yaw data of the turntable, and generates a waveform diagram. If the number of times the yaw peak value exceeds the preset threshold is more than N times, it is determined that the grinding and processing accuracy of the current graphite ring does not meet the standard.

[0013] Preferably, for the above S3, the method for the laser vibrometer to calculate the yaw peak value is as follows. S3.1. Calculate the vibration velocity V according to the Doppler frequency shift formula. ; - Measured frequency shift value; - Known laser wavelength; S3.2. Calculate the velocity difference between two laser signals symmetric about the axis of rotation of the turntable. , ; V1 - The turntable vibration velocity of one laser signal; V2 - The turntable vibration velocity corresponding to the second laser signal symmetric to one laser signal; - The laser signal frequency shift value corresponding to the vibration velocity V1; - The laser signal frequency shift value corresponding to the vibration velocity V2; S3.3. Calculate the relative displacement difference between two points on the receiving ring within the unit time t. , ; - The integral variable of the unit time t; - The velocity difference between two symmetric laser signals on the receiving ring; S3.4. Measure and obtain the diameter of the receiving ring as d, and calculate the yaw angle of the turntable through the formula. , ; - The relative displacement difference between two laser signals corresponding to two points on the receiving ring; d - The diameter of the receiving ring; S3.5. Measure and obtain the diameter D1 of the graphite ring, and calculate the edge yaw peak value L of the turntable. ; D1 - The diameter of the graphite ring; - The yaw angle of the turntable; S3.6. The controller determines whether the number of times the yaw peak value L appears within the processing cycle of the graphite ring exceeds the preset value. If so, it is determined that the processing accuracy of the graphite ring does not meet the standard.

[0014] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1. It integrates a laser vibrometer to detect the peak yaw of the graphite ring during the processing cycle, and determines whether the processing accuracy meets the standard by the number of times the peak yaw appears, reducing the workload of subsequent quality inspectors and improving the quality inspection efficiency; 2. It uses a rotating necking clamping seat to clamp the graphite ring, providing a rigid radial support for the graphite ring, reducing the gap at the splicing of the graphite ring, and cooperating with a retractable grinding head to rotate and grind the graphite ring, reducing the gap during the grinding of the graphite ring, preventing defects such as steps and chipping at the gap. At the same time, the grinding head acts on the graphite ring under the action of centrifugal force. According to the temperature rise curve of the graphite ring during grinding, the main motor speed can be dynamically adjusted to adjust the centrifugal force received by the grinding head, achieving precise matching and preventing the grinding temperature from exceeding 300 degrees Celsius, resulting in aggravated oxidation of the grinding surface of the graphite ring and easy peeling of the skin; 3. The rotating necking clamping seat and the retractable grinding head are adapted to graphite rings of different diameters, without the need to match and design different types of grinding discs. And the grinding head acts on the graphite ring by centrifugal force, and the centrifugal force forces the grinding head to fit with the graphite ring, reducing the influence of the yaw of the turntable and improving the yield rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a high-precision grinding and detection device for processing graphite rings in one embodiment; Figure 2 For Figure 1 The enlarged view of part A in Figure 3 FIG. is a three-dimensional view of the rotating necking clamping seat; Figure 4 FIG. is a structural diagram of the graphite ring; Figure 5 FIG. is a partial cross-sectional view of the grinding part and the expansion part.

[0016] Wherein: Frame - 1; Main shaft - 11; Cooling medium guide plate - 111; Main motor - 2; Turntable - 3; Receiving ring - 31; Channel - 32; Expansion part - 321; Step - 322; Sub - spiral flow channel - 323; Central shaft - 33; Main cooling flow channel - 331; Compression nut - 34; Grinding head - 4; Connecting body - 41; Stopping part - 411; Grinding part - 42; Tension spring - 43; Rotating necking clamping seat - 5; Driving motor - 51; Gear disk - 511; Outer gear disk - 52; Arc groove - 521; Ejector rod - 53; Limit projection - 531; Bottom ring - 54; Slide groove - 541; Grinding fluid guide plate - 543; Laser vibrometer - 6; Rotary joint - 7; Airbag - 8; Roller - 9; Graphite ring - 100; Controller - 200. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0017] In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following specifically describes the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0018] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may also be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present invention belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0020] Such as Figures 1 to 4As shown in the figure, a high-precision grinding and detection device for graphite ring processing includes a frame 1, a main motor 2, a turntable 3, a grinding head 4, a rotary necking clamping seat 5 and a laser vibration meter 6. The main motor 2 is vertically installed in the frame 1, with its output end facing upward, and is connected to the turntable 3 through a main shaft 11 to drive the turntable 3 to rotate within the frame 1. The rotary necking clamping seat 5 is installed in the frame 1 and is on the same horizontal plane as the turntable 3. A number of the grinding heads 4 are symmetrically installed on the turntable 3 in a mirror image manner for grinding the graphite ring 100 installed in the rotary necking clamping seat 5. The grinding head 4 is retractable, and the distance between the grinding head 4 and the inner circle of the graphite ring 100 is adjustable. There are several groups of the laser vibration meters 6, specifically installed on the machine cover to achieve sealed processing and dust prevention by using the machine cover. The several groups of laser vibration meters 6 are symmetrically arranged in a mirror image in pairs with the central axis of the turntable 3 as the center directly above the receiving ring 31 of the turntable 3. The laser vibration meter 6 is used to detect the peak value of yaw during the rotation of the turntable 3 and send the peak value of yaw to the controller 200 to determine whether the processed graphite ring 100 meets the standards. Specifically, in this embodiment, the layout design of the equipment frame 1 and the main motor 2 is the same as that of the applicant's original technical solution, a graphite running-in machine, with the application number 202311518153.0. The main improvement of this technical solution lies in, first, adding the laser vibration meter 6. There are four groups of laser vibration meters 6, which are symmetrically arranged in a mirror image in pairs with the central axis of the turntable 3 as the center, emitting and receiving perpendicular laser signals to the receiving ring 31 on the upper surface of the turntable 3 to monitor in real time the number of occurrences of the peak value of yaw during the time period of processing the graphite ring 100 by the turntable 3. A matte film is pasted on the surface of the receiving ring 31 to suppress specular reflection and prevent laser signal drift. It should be noted that the peak value of yaw is the yaw displacement of the turntable 3 defined by the applicant during the rotation of the turntable 3, which will affect the machining accuracy of the inner circle of the graphite ring 100. When the controller 200 learns from the laser vibration meter 6 that the number of occurrences of the peak value of yaw of the currently processed graphite ring 100 exceeds the preset value, it determines that the machining accuracy of the currently processed graphite ring 100 does not meet the standards and outputs the detection result. Subsequently, the quality inspection personnel do not need to conduct verification, greatly saving the labor for verification and improving the verification efficiency. When the controller 200 learns from the laser vibration meter 6 that the number of occurrences of the peak value of yaw of the currently processed graphite ring 100 is lower than the preset value, it determines that the machining accuracy of the currently processed graphite ring 100 meets the standards and outputs the detection result. The operator can then put the currently processed graphite ring 100 into the qualified product sequence, and the subsequent quality inspection personnel only need to conduct spot checks on several qualified graphite rings 100.

[0021] Secondly, the applicant designed a rotating necking clamping seat 5 to surround and clamp the graphite ring 100 and provide rigid radial support for the processing of the graphite ring 100, instead of using the original ring spring to elastically clamp the graphite ring 100. The original ring spring was used in conjunction with a disc-shaped grinding disc to process the graphite ring. In the initial state, the diameter of the grinding disc was slightly larger than the inner diameter of the graphite ring 100 by 5 to 20 threads, so the ring spring would be in an expanded state. In addition, the graphite ring 100 is divided into petals, and there will be a certain gap between the two petals of the graphite ring. Affected by the deflection of the disc-shaped grinding disc, the splicing of the petals of the graphite ring is prone to misalignment, error steps or even edge collapse, which reduces the accuracy of the inner circle of the graphite ring 100 and increases the probability of graphite ring processing failure. In order to reduce the probability of the above problems, we designed a retractable grinding head 4 to cooperate with the rotating necking clamping seat 5 to fine-grind the inner circle of the graphite ring 100. Several grinding heads 4 are movably mounted within the turntable 3 and extend and retract radially along the turntable 3. Therefore, as the turntable 3 rotates, the grinding heads 4 are subjected to the centrifugal force of the turntable 3, displacing radially along the turntable 3 and flinging themselves outward until they contact the inner wall of the graphite ring 100. The grinding heads 4 rotate with the turntable 3, grinding the inner ring of the graphite ring 100. At this point, the graphite ring 100 is subjected to a force directed away from the axis of the turntable 3. Because the grinding heads 4 are retractable, the force directed away from the axis of the turntable 3 applied to the graphite ring 100 by the grinding heads 4 is flexible, while the force directed toward the axis of the turntable 3 provided by the rotating neck clamp 5 is rigid. Compared to the conventional method of grinding with a ring spring clamp and a standard grinding disc, our new design not only accommodates graphite rings 100 of varying diameters, but also eliminates the need to replace different grinding discs depending on the diameter of the graphite ring 100 to be polished. Furthermore, when the graphite ring 100 is being polished, it is less susceptible to the deflection of the polishing head 4, and the inner surface of the graphite ring 100 is less susceptible to streaking defects caused by the deflection of the polishing head. Secondly, the radial pressure applied to the spliced graphite rings 100 by the rotary necking clamping seat 5 can eliminate the gaps at the splices of the graphite rings 100, making the gaps at the splices smaller. In the original process of processing with a ring spring and a polishing disc, the flexible ring spring could not eliminate the gaps in the graphite rings, and even increased the gaps because the polishing disc needed to be slightly larger than the inner diameter of the graphite ring. By using our set of rotary necking clamping seats 5, graphite rings 100 of the same inner diameter can be compressed by more than 5%. The smaller the gaps at the splices of the graphite rings 100 during polishing, the less likely it is to form steps or broken edges at the splices, thereby improving processing accuracy. At the same time, the spaced and grouped retractable grinding heads 4 are thrown out by the centrifugal force of the turntable 3, exerting a force on the inner ring of the graphite ring 100, thereby avoiding the use of the original standard disc rotation grinding process. In the original standard disc grinding process of the graphite ring 100, the inner ring of the graphite ring 100 is fully covered by the grinding disc, and there is no gap between the graphite ring and the grinding disc. The grinding fluid is not easy to penetrate into the grinding work area, resulting in an increase in the temperature of the working area. The higher the temperature, the lower the pressure bearing capacity of the graphite ring.And there is no gap, which is easy for dry grinding. However, dry grinding will cause cracks in the inner ring of the graphite ring 100, increase the crack rate, and the grinding surface of the grinding disc is also easily damaged, increasing the grinding cost. By using the four groups of retractable grinding heads 4 designed by us, the four groups of grinding heads 4 are evenly spaced around the central axis of the turntable 3, and the grinding heads 4 are abutted against the inner ring of the graphite ring 100 under the action of centrifugal force. It is known that the pressure range of the graphite ring is below 40 MPa. Exceeding this range is likely to cause the graphite ring 100 to be fractured. Therefore, according to the contact area S between the grinding head 4 and the graphite ring 100, the magnitude range of the centrifugal force F during grinding can be deduced inversely, and the centrifugal force. , where m is the mass of the grinding head 4, w is the rotational angular velocity of the grinding head 4, and r is the radius of the graphite ring 100. According to the formula of centrifugal force, the rotational speed of the main motor 2 is set to avoid excessive speed and too large centrifugal force, which will increase the crack rate on the inner circular surface of the graphite ring 100 during grinding.

[0022] As Figures 1 to 2 shown, the grinding head 4 includes a connecting body 41, a grinding part 42 and a tension spring 43. A plurality of channels 32 are arranged along the radial direction in the turntable 3. The connecting body 41 movably penetrates through the channels 32. The rear end of the connecting body 41 is detachably connected to the bottom of the channel 32 through the tension spring 43. Specifically, a sealing plug can be installed at the bottom of the channel 32, and the tension spring 43 can be sleeved on the sealing plug. The front end of the connecting body 41 is connected to the grinding part 42, and the working surface of the grinding part 42 protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the turntable 3. Specifically, in this embodiment, it should be noted that in order to facilitate the assembly of the grinding head 4, the turntable 3 can be designed as two upper and lower parts, and can be specifically connected into one piece by bolts. The adjacent surfaces of the two turntables 3 are provided with semi-circular grooves, and the channels 32 for accommodating and installing the grinding head 4 can be formed when assembled and closed. The cross-section of the connecting body 41 is rectangular, or circular, or triangular, which is not specifically limited here. During grinding, the grinding part 42 is affected by centrifugal force and drives the connecting body 41 to displace along the channel 32 in the direction away from the center of the turntable 3 until the working surface of the grinding part 42 abuts against the inner ring of the graphite ring 100. The working surface of the grinding part 42 is a diamond surface with a mesh number of more than 500 meshes, so that the inner ring of the graphite ring 100 can be precisely ground, the roundness dimension error is less than 0.0025 mm, and the surface roughness Ra of the inner ring surface of the graphite ring 100 is lower than 0.09 um. At this time, the tension spring 43 is in a stretched state under the action of centrifugal force. When the rotational speed of the main motor 2 gradually decreases, the centrifugal force F received by the grinding head 4 decreases until the centrifugal force F is less than the pulling force of the tension spring 43, and the grinding part 42 separates from the inner ring of the graphite ring 100, completing one grinding. Through the tension spring 43, the grinding head 42 can be telescopic along the radial direction in the turntable 3, avoiding the contact between the outer peripheral surface of the turntable 3 and the inner ring of the graphite ring 100, ensuring that only the grinding part 42 contacts the inner ring of the graphite ring 100 for grinding, leaving enough gap between the grinding part 42 and the graphite ring 100, facilitating the addition of grinding fluid, and avoiding dry grinding.

[0023] As shown Figure 2 in the figure, the grinding part 42 is movably fitted in the expansion part 321 at the outer end of the channel 32. Specifically, in this embodiment, the grinding part 42 is movably fitted in the expansion part 321, so that after the turntable 3 rotates, the grinding part 42 can be displaced out of the expansion part 321 under the action of centrifugal force and abuts against the inner ring of the graphite ring 100 for grinding operation. The shape of the grinding part 42 can be designed as a conical shape, a cylindrical shape or other shapes, which is not specifically limited here. As long as the grinding part 42 protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the turntable 3 and fits with the arc surface of the inner ring of the graphite ring 100 for rotary grinding.

[0024] As shown Figure 2 in the figure, a stop part 411 is detachably installed at the rear end of the connecting body 41, and a step 322 matching the stop part 411 is arranged at the rear end of the channel 32. Specifically, in this embodiment, the connecting body 41 is cylindrical, and a threaded structure is arranged at one end of the connecting body 41 connected to the grinding part 42. The stop part 411 is threadedly connected to the connecting body 41. When grinding graphite rings 100 with different diameters, the corresponding different models of stop parts 411 are replaced and matched. By using the cooperation between the stop part 411 and the step 322, the maximum displacement distance of the grinding part 42 protruding from the expansion part 321 can be limited. To avoid that during the grinding process, under the action of centrifugal force, the grinding part 42 continuously grinds the graphite ring 100, the thickness of the graphite ring 100 is gradually reduced, and the grinding part 42 is displaced in the direction away from the center of the turntable 3 without limit, which will cause the grinding amount of the graphite ring 100 to exceed the preset value. In this embodiment, we sleeved the stop part 4 on the connecting body 41. At the beginning of grinding, under the action of centrifugal force, the grinding part 42 overcomes the spring force of the tension spring 43 and acts on the inner ring of the graphite ring 100. At this time, there is a gap between the stop part 411 and the step 322, and this gap is the grinding amount. As the graphite ring 100 is gradually ground, there is no gap between the stop part 411 and the step 322 and they are completely fitted, which can play a role in limiting the grinding part 42 and avoid the processing amount of the graphite ring 100 exceeding the preset value.

[0025] As shown Figures 1 to 2As shown, a central shaft 33 is provided in the middle of the turntable 3. The central shaft 33 penetrates through the turntable 3, its lower end is detachably connected to the main shaft 11, and its upper end is connected to a compression nut 34. The compression nut 34 abuts against the upper surface of the turntable 3. The top of the central shaft 33 is connected to a rotary joint 7. The rotary joint 7 is communicated with a main cooling flow channel 331 provided in the central shaft 33. The main cooling flow channel 331 is communicated with a plurality of sub-helical flow channels 323 surrounding the outside of the channel 32. Specifically, in this embodiment, the central shaft 33 penetrates through the turntable 3 and is connected to the main shaft 11 at the lower end. The compression nut 34 acts on the upper surface of the turntable 3 to play a role of pressing and limiting the turntable 3 and reducing yaw. The top of the central shaft 33 is connected to the rotary joint 7. When the central shaft 33 rotates with the main shaft 11, the rotary joint 7 remains stationary. By using the static rotary joint 7 to communicate with the main cooling flow channel 331 in the dynamic central shaft 33, the transmission of the cooling medium is realized and the leakage of the cooling medium is avoided. The main cooling flow channel 331 is communicated with a plurality of sub-helical flow channels 323 surrounding the channel 32. The sub-helical flow channels 323 surround the outside of the channel 32. During grinding, the grinding part 42 and the graphite ring 100 rub against each other at high speed to generate heat energy. Since the main body of the grinding part 42 and the connecting body 41 are made of metal and the connecting body 41 is movably fitted in the channel 32 of the metal turntable 3 with strong heat conduction ability, the heat energy can be directly transferred to the channel 32 and then absorbed by the cooling medium in the sub-helical flow channels 323 surrounding the channel 32 and taken away, completing the liquid cooling and heat dissipation of the grinding head 4, avoiding overheating during grinding, cracks appearing in the inner ring of the graphite ring 100, and resulting in an increase in the processing defective rate. The sub-helical flow channels 323 are circulated and cross-flowed, which is convenient to directly discharge the cooling medium that has absorbed heat through the sub-helical flow channels 323 and is beneficial to increasing the heat exchange area with the channel 32 and improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the grinding head 4 in the channel 32.

[0026] As Figure 2 , Figure 5As shown, an airbag 8 is disposed inside the expansion part 321. The airbag 8 is elastic, and a phase change body is filled inside the airbag 8. The airbag 8 wraps the grinding part 42. Specifically, in this embodiment, the airbag 8 has micro-elasticity and is filled with a phase change body, specifically paraffin, whose volume will thermally expand when heated, and the thermal expansion rate is about 10%. It can be understood that during the initial grinding, the temperature of the grinding part 42 is relatively low, at room temperature. When grinding the inner ring of the graphite ring 100, heat is generated by friction, the temperature of the grinding part 42 rises, and the heat energy is conducted to the airbag 8. The paraffin inside the airbag 8 then undergoes thermal expansion, causing the overall volume of the airbag 8 to expand and increase, filling the gap between the grinding part 42 and the expansion part 321, making the grinding part 42 more stable inside the expansion part 321. Specifically, in this embodiment, the cross-section of the grinding part 42 is rectangular, and the expansion part 321 reserves spaces corresponding to the four sides of the grinding part 42 to install the airbag 8. After the airbag 8 thermally expands, it fills the gap and squeezes and wraps the corners of the grinding part 42, enhancing the stability of the grinding part 42 during the grinding process, so that during the grinding process of the grinding part 42, the grinding part 42 will not move slightly in the expansion part 321 due to the frictional force with the graphite ring 100, avoiding defects such as uneven grinding force, vibration marks, scratches, and dimensional deviations on the surface of the graphite ring 100, effectively ensuring the grinding accuracy. Further, in other embodiments, the airbag 8 can also be used as an intermediate medium to realize the heat dissipation of the grinding part 42. Specifically, the sub-spiral flow channel 323 extends along the radial direction of the turntable 3 into the expansion part 321. After the phase change body in the airbag 8 thermally expands, it fits with the expansion part 321, increasing the contact area with the expansion part 321 without dead angles, and then conducting the heat energy to the cooling medium in the sub-spiral flow channel 323 to enhance the heat dissipation of the grinding head 4.

[0027] As Figure 1 、 Figure 3As shown, the rotary necking clamping seat 5 includes a drive motor 51, an external gear disk 52, a plurality of ejector rods 53 and a bottom ring 54. The bottom ring 54 is installed on the frame 1. The external gear disk 52 is arranged on the bottom ring 54. A gear disk 511 is provided at the output end of the drive motor 51. The gear disk 511 meshes with the outer ring of the external gear disk 52. A plurality of arc-shaped grooves 521 are arranged on the disk surface of the external gear disk 52. The limit protrusions 531 at the rear ends of the ejector rods 53 are movably clamped in the arc-shaped grooves 521 in a one-to-one correspondence. A plurality of sliding grooves 541 are evenly spaced in the radial direction along the upper end of the bottom ring 54. The front ends of the ejector rods 53 movably penetrate through the sliding grooves 541 in a one-to-one correspondence to clamp the graphite ring 100. Specifically, in this embodiment, when the ejector rod 53 clamps the graphite ring 100, the graphite ring 100 faces the grinding head 4, and the two are on the same horizontal plane. The drive motor 51 drives the external gear disk 52 to rotate in place through the gear disk 511. When the external gear disk 52 rotates, the orientations of a plurality of arc-shaped grooves 521 on it change. By using the cooperation between the arc-shaped grooves 521 and the limit protrusions 531 of the ejector rods 53, a plurality of ejector rods 53 can be driven to displace towards the center of the external gear disk 52, thereby clamping the graphite ring 100. To prevent the ejector rods 53 from deviating during displacement, the bottom ring 54 is used to limit the ejector rods 53. Specifically, sliding grooves 541 are opened on the bottom ring 54, so that the ejector rods 53 can only displace along the sliding grooves 541. The ejector rods 53 clamp the graphite ring 100 and provide a hard supporting force in the radial direction for the graphite ring 100, so that when the split graphite ring is polished by the "flywheel"-type rotating grinding head 4, it will not separate, ensuring that the gap at the splicing joint of the graphite ring 100 is compressed and the processing accuracy meets the standard. To prevent the pressure applied to the graphite ring 100 from being too high when the top of the ejector rod 53 clamps the outer ring of the graphite ring 100, resulting in damage to the contact area between the graphite ring 100 and the ejector rod 53, an arc ring is detachably installed at the front end of the ejector rod 53 to match the radian of the outer ring of the graphite ring 100, increase the contact area with it, and thereby reduce the pressure.

[0028] As Figure 1As shown, several horizontal rollers 9 are installed at the lower end of the bottom ring 54. There is a gap between adjacent rollers 9. The several rollers 9 are arranged in a ring to support the turntable 3. Specifically, the several rollers 9 are horizontally placed and arranged in a ring to lift the turntable 3. When the turntable 3 rotates, it rolls on the outer peripheral surface of the rollers 9, and the frictional resistance generated by the rollers 9 on the turntable 3 is extremely small. There is a gap between two rollers 9, so that during grinding, the grinding fluid sprayed between the grinding head 4 and the inner ring of the graphite ring 100 drips down from the gap, avoiding the accumulation of the grinding fluid. At the same time, since a sub-helical flow channel 323 for circulating the cooling medium is integrated in the turntable 3, the cooling medium circulates and cools the channel 32 through the sub-helical flow channel 323 and then flows out from the outlet of the sub-helical flow channel 323. An outwardly inclined cooling medium deflector 111 is sleeved on the main shaft 11, and a grinding fluid deflector 543 is arranged at the bottom of the bottom ring 54. The grinding fluid deflector 543 has the same inclination direction as the cooling medium deflector 111 and is used to deflect the grinding fluid and the cooling medium dripping from the gap between the rollers 9, deflecting them separately to avoid mixing of the cooling medium and the grinding fluid, which is convenient for subsequent recycling and reuse after recovery processing.

[0029] A method for using a high-precision grinding and detection device for processing a graphite ring includes the following steps. S1, adaptively clamp the graphite ring 100 spliced into a ring through the rotating necking clamping seat 5. Specifically, after the operator first splices the graphite ring 100 into a complete ring and places it into the rotating necking clamping seat 5, the rotating necking clamping seat 5 can adaptively clamp the graphite ring 100 in the radial direction and ensure that the center of the graphite ring 100 coincides with the center of the turntable 3, reducing the clamping difficulty of the graphite ring 100.

[0030] S2, start the main motor 2 to drive the turntable 3 to rotate. Under the action of centrifugal force, the grinding head 4 displaces along the radial direction of the turntable 3 and abuts against the inner ring of the graphite ring 100 for grinding operation. Specifically, when the main motor 2 drives the turntable 3 to rotate, the grinding head 4 is displaced out of the turntable 3 under the action of centrifugal force and acts on the inner ring of the graphite ring 100. The grinding head 4 rotates synchronously with the turntable 3, and then the grinding operation on the inner ring of the graphite ring 100 can be started.

[0031] S3. The laser vibrometer emits laser light towards the receiving ring 31 of the 6-way turntable 3, collects the yaw data of the turntable 3 and generates a waveform diagram. If the number of times the yaw peak value is greater than the preset threshold exceeds N times, it is determined that the grinding and processing accuracy of the current graphite ring 100 does not meet the standard. Specifically, the laser vibrometer 6 emits and receives laser light towards the receiving ring 31, and after interference demodulation with the reference light, it outputs an optical intensity signal, which is used to reflect the yaw data of the turntable 3 and form a waveform diagram. If the number of yaw peak values greater than the preset threshold during the processing cycle of the graphite ring 100 exceeds N times, such as 20 times, it is determined that the processing accuracy of the current graphite ring 100 does not meet the standard, and there is no need to conduct manual quality inspection on each processed graphite ring 100 one by one, greatly reducing the quality inspection workload and the labor intensity of quality inspection personnel.

[0032] Further, for the above-mentioned S3, the method for the laser vibrometer to calculate the yaw peak value is as follows. S3.1. Calculate the vibration velocity V according to the Doppler frequency shift formula. ; - Measured frequency shift value; - Known laser wavelength; where the unit of the vibration velocity V is m / s. There are four groups of laser vibrometers 6, and every two groups of laser vibrometers 6 are mirror-symmetrical with the central axis of the turntable 3 as the center and cross each other. Four groups of vibration velocities V can be obtained simultaneously within the unit time t.

[0033] S3.2. Calculate the velocity difference between two laser signals symmetrical with the central axis of the turntable as the center. ; ; V1 - The turntable vibration velocity of one laser signal; V2 - The turntable vibration velocity corresponding to the second laser signal symmetrical to one laser signal; - The laser signal frequency shift value corresponding to the vibration velocity V1; - The laser signal frequency shift value corresponding to the vibration velocity V2; where, because there are four groups of vibration velocities V, two groups of are calculated, and the group with the larger absolute value is selected for subsequent calculation.

[0034] S3.3. Calculate the relative displacement difference between two points on the receiving ring within the unit time t. ; ; - The integral variable of the unit time t; - The velocity difference between two symmetrical laser signals on the receiving ring; where the two points are the positions where the laser vibrometer is projected onto the receiving ring 31, and the relative displacement difference is the distance between the two points in the axial direction of the turntable 3.

[0035] S3.4. Measure and obtain the diameter of the receiving ring as d, and calculate the yaw angle of the turntable through the formula ; ; - The relative displacement difference between two laser signals corresponding to two points on the receiving ring; d - the diameter of the receiving ring; S3.5, measure and obtain the diameter D1 of the graphite ring, and calculate the peak edge yaw L of the turntable. ; D1 - the diameter of the graphite ring; - The yaw angle of the turntable; S3.6, the controller 200 determines whether the number of times the peak yaw L appears within the machining cycle of the graphite ring 100 exceeds a preset value. The preset value in this embodiment is 20 times. If so, it is determined that the machining accuracy of the current graphite ring 100 does not meet the standard, and the judgment result is output.

[0036] The above embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present invention. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A high-precision grinding and detection device for processing graphite rings, characterized in that: It includes a frame, a main motor, a turntable, a grinding head, a rotary necking clamping seat and a laser vibrometer. The main motor is vertically installed in the frame, with its output end facing upward and connected to the turntable through a main shaft, driving the turntable to rotate within the frame. The rotary necking clamping seat is installed in the frame and is on the same horizontal plane as the turntable. A number of the grinding heads are symmetrically installed on the turntable in a mirror image manner for grinding a graphite ring installed in the rotary necking clamping seat. The grinding head is telescopic, and the distance between the grinding head and the inner ring of the graphite ring is adjustable. There are several groups of the laser vibrometers, which are symmetrically arranged in a mirror image manner in pairs directly above the receiving ring of the turntable with the central axis of the turntable as the center. The laser vibrometer is used to detect the peak yaw during the rotation of the turntable and send the peak yaw to the controller to determine whether the ground graphite ring meets the standard.

2. The grinding detection device according to claim 1, wherein: The grinding head includes a connecting body, a grinding part and a tension spring. A number of channels are arranged along the radial direction in the turntable. The connecting body movably penetrates through the channels. The rear end of the connecting body is detachably connected to the bottom of the channel through the tension spring. The front end of the connecting body is connected to the grinding part. The working surface of the grinding part protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the turntable.

3. The grinding detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The grinding part is movably fitted in the expansion part at the outer end of the channel.

4. The grinding detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A stop part is detachably installed at the rear end of the connecting body, and a step matching the stop part is arranged at the rear end of the channel.

5. The grinding detection device according to claim 4, wherein: A central shaft is arranged in the middle of the turntable. The central shaft penetrates through the turntable. Its lower end is detachably connected to the main shaft, and its upper end is connected to a compression nut. The compression nut abuts against the upper surface of the turntable. The top of the central shaft is connected to a rotary joint. The rotary joint is communicated with a main cooling flow channel arranged in the central shaft. The main cooling flow channel is communicated with a number of sub-helical flow channels surrounding the outside of the channels.

6. The grinding detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An airbag is arranged in the expansion part. The airbag is elastic and filled with a phase change body. The airbag wraps the grinding part.

7. The grinding detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary necking clamping seat includes a driving motor, an outer gear disc, a number of ejector rods and a bottom ring. The bottom ring is installed on the frame. The outer gear disc is arranged on the bottom ring. The output end of the driving motor is provided with a gear disc. The gear disc meshes with the outer ring of the outer gear disc. A number of arc-shaped grooves are arranged on the disc surface of the outer gear disc. The limit protrusions at the rear ends of the ejector rods are movably clamped in the arc-shaped grooves in a one-to-one correspondence manner. A number of sliding grooves are evenly spaced along the radial direction at the upper end of the bottom ring. The front ends of the ejector rods movably penetrate through the sliding grooves in a one-to-one correspondence manner to clamp the graphite ring.

8. The grinding detection device according to claim 7, wherein: A number of horizontal rollers are installed at the lower end of the bottom ring. There is a gap between adjacent rollers. A number of rollers surround to form a ring for supporting the turntable.

9. The usage method of a high-precision grinding and detection device for processing graphite rings according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It includes the following steps S1, adaptively clamp the graphite ring spliced into a ring through the rotary necking clamping seat; S2, start the main motor to drive the turntable to rotate. Under the action of centrifugal force, the grinding head displaces along the radial direction of the turntable and abuts against the inner ring of the graphite ring for grinding operation. S3. The laser vibrometer emits laser light towards the receiving ring of the turntable, collects the yaw data of the turntable and generates a waveform diagram. If the number of times the yaw peak value is greater than the preset threshold exceeds N times, it is determined that the grinding and processing accuracy of the current graphite ring does not meet the standard.

10. The usage method according to claim 9, characterized in that: For the above-mentioned S3, the method for the laser vibrometer to calculate the yaw peak value is as follows. S3.

1. Calculate the vibration velocity V according to the Doppler frequency shift formula. ; - Measured frequency shift value; - Known laser wavelength; S3.

2. Calculate the velocity difference between two laser signals symmetric about the axis of the turntable. , ; V1 - Vibration velocity of the turntable of one laser signal; V2 - Vibration velocity of the turntable corresponding to the second laser signal symmetric to one laser signal. - Frequency shift value of the laser signal corresponding to the vibration velocity V1; - Frequency shift value of the laser signal corresponding to the vibration velocity V2; S3.

3. Calculate the relative displacement difference between two points on the receiving ring within the unit time t. , ; - Integration variable of the unit time t; - Velocity difference between two symmetric laser signals on the receiving ring; S3.

4. Measure and obtain the diameter d of the receiving ring, and calculate the yaw angle of the turntable through the formula. , ; - Relative displacement difference between two laser signals corresponding to two points on the receiving ring; d - Diameter of the receiving ring; S3.

5. Measure and obtain the diameter D1 of the graphite ring, and calculate the peak yaw value L of the turntable. ; D1 - Diameter of the graphite ring; - Yaw angle of the turntable; S3.

6. The controller determines whether the number of times the peak yaw value L appears within the machining cycle of the graphite ring exceeds a preset value. If so, it is determined that the machining accuracy of the graphite ring does not meet the standard.

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