Fiber membrane with continuous cool feeling and moisture adjusting performance as well as preparation method and application of fiber membrane

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of functional fibers, and relates to a fiber membrane with continuous cool feeling and moisture adjusting performance as well as a preparation method and application of the fiber membrane. The preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively preparing a skin layer spinning solution and a core layer spinning solution, and then carrying out coaxial electrostatic spinning to obtain the fiber membrane with continuous cool feeling and moisture adjusting performance. Component fibers of the fiber membrane with the continuous cool feeling and the moisture adjusting performance are of a skin-core structure, a skin layer comprises a skin layer base material and functional particles, a core layer has the phase change characteristic, the phase change temperature of the core layer is 28-32 DEG C, and the functional particles have the sweat vapor adsorption characteristic. The fiber membrane with the continuous cool feeling and the moisture adjusting performance can be applied to the fields of individual protection, outdoor sports, aerospace or military equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of functional fibers, and relates to a fiber membrane having both continuous cooling and moisture regulating properties, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In hot environments, the human body dissipates heat through sweating and other methods. However, if clothing fails to dissipate this heat in a timely manner, the body will feel stuffy and uncomfortable. Furthermore, the body produces a large amount of sweat during this heat dissipation process. If clothing fails to effectively remove moisture, sweat accumulates on the skin's surface, not only exacerbating the feeling of stuffiness but also potentially causing skin discomfort and bacterial growth, further impacting human health and comfort. Furthermore, when the environment is dry, moisture from the human skin evaporates faster, and excessive dryness can cause skin tightness, itching, and flaking. Therefore, whether in hot and humid environments or dry environments, temperature regulation and moisture regulation (i.e., the ability to dynamically adjust the relative humidity of the body-fabric microenvironment to avoid excessive moisture or dryness) are crucial for maintaining human comfort and health.

[0003] As people's quality of life improves and they pursue a healthier and more comfortable lifestyle, consumers are demanding more and more comfort in their clothing. Temperature and moisture regulation have become key elements in determining textile quality. Sustained cooling (i.e., the ability to absorb moisture from the skin, causing the surface temperature to drop, resulting in a continuous cool sensation) is a crucial characteristic of temperature regulation, particularly in hot environments. It plays a crucial role in regulating the body's microenvironmental temperature and enhancing wearing comfort.

[0004] However, existing technologies often cannot provide both continuous cooling and moisture regulation.

[0005] For example, patent application CN115559020A describes a composite phase-change thermoregulatory material made by mixing and granulating a polymer-based phase-change thermoregulatory material, phase-change thermoregulatory microcapsules containing polyoxymethylene melamine urea capsule walls, and a high-thermal-conductivity powder. The composite material is then melt-spun with a low-melting-point polyester core layer and a fiber-forming polymer and thermally conductive material as the sheath layer. The resulting fiber exhibits sustained thermoregulatory properties. However, the fiber lacks either sustained cooling or moisture-regulating properties.

[0006] The 37.5™ technology adds a water release mechanism to natural fibers by embedding volcanic sand or coconut shell activated carbon particles into the fabric, reducing the microclimate moisture level and enhancing the comfort performance of clothing. It achieves temperature regulation through a dual-action mechanism: first, it uses electrostatic force to attract moisture, sucking moisture from the skin to dry the microclimate environment; second, it absorbs the infrared energy naturally emitted by the body, accelerating molecular thermal motion and thus accelerating sweat evaporation. However, the volcanic sand or coconut shell activated carbon particles used in this technology are micron-sized and are currently mainly added to yarns to achieve, unable to achieve the preparation of nanofibers or yarns, and unable to achieve continuous cooling sensation.

[0007] Outlast ® The Outlast technology is based on solid-liquid phase change materials (microcapsule natural wax) infiltrated into fabrics or fibers. When the ambient temperature rises due to factors such as exercise, the natural wax absorbs excess heat and stores it in the textile; when the temperature drops, the wax re-solidifies, releasing the stored heat back to the body, thereby achieving active heat management. However, this technology cannot achieve microenvironment moisture regulation. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The object of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provide a fiber membrane with both continuous cooling sensation and moisture regulation performance, as well as its manufacturing method and application.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0010] A fiber membrane with both continuous cooling sensation and moisture regulation performance, the constituent fibers of which have a skin-core structure, the cortex includes a cortical substrate and functional particles, the core layer has a phase change characteristic, and the functional particles have the characteristic of adsorbing sweat vapor; the phase change temperature of the core layer is 28-32 °C, close to the human comfort temperature range (usually about 28 °C). When the ambient temperature exceeds this phase change temperature, the core layer absorbs heat through phase change, thereby reducing the temperature around the human body.

[0011] The constituent fibers of the fiber membrane of the present invention have continuous cooling sensation performance because when the fiber contacts the human body, the core layer with phase change characteristics therein is activated, and the human body heat is effectively absorbed through the fiber, reducing the core temperature of the human body, thereby maintaining a comfortable microclimate. As the ambient temperature rises or physical activity intensifies, the core body temperature rises accordingly, inducing the generation of sweat vapor. At this time, the adsorption of the functional particles in the fiber is triggered. At the same time, the latent heat absorbed by the core layer with phase change characteristics is effectively used to promote water evaporation, and the released water further enhances the evaporative cooling effect. Therefore, a self-sustaining positive feedback cycle is established, that is, the water release caused by phase change promotes continuous adsorption, and adsorption further promotes phase change, synergistically amplifying the overall cooling effect.

[0012] In addition, the constituent fibers of the fiber membrane of the present invention also have moisture regulation performance, because the functional particles in the fibers have a porous structure, a high specific surface area, and adsorption properties, enabling the fibers to dynamically regulate the ability to absorb and release moisture. When the environmental relative humidity is high (such as when a person sweats), the fibers can quickly adsorb sweat vapor and reduce the stuffy feeling; when the environment is dry, the fibers can gradually release the stored moisture, thereby maintaining the relative humidity balance and stability of the microenvironment (such as Figure 1 shown).

[0013] In the constituent fibers of the fiber membrane of the prior art, the functional particles do not have the property of adsorbing sweat vapor, so they cannot effectively absorb the moisture and heat released when a person sweats, resulting in the accumulation of sweat on the skin surface, hindering the occurrence of the evaporation cooling effect. At the same time, due to the lack of the active adsorption ability for sweat vapor, the heat and moisture exchange efficiency inside the fibers is low, and the body surface heat cannot be taken away in time through moisture evaporation, thus resulting in the lack of continuous cool feeling performance and moisture regulation performance.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution:

[0015] For a fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance as described above, the functional particles are activated carbon and / or nano-mineral materials.

[0016] For a fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance as described above, the pore diameter of the functional particles is 10 - 100 nm, the porosity ≥ 85%, the specific surface area is 500 - 1500 m 2 / g, the particle size is 0.1 - 2 μm, and the adsorption capacity for water vapor is ≥ 200 mg / g under the conditions of a temperature of 25 °C and a relative humidity of 90%.

[0017] For a fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance as described above, the cortical substrate is PU (polyurethane).

[0018] For a fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance as described above, the mass ratio of the cortical substrate to the functional particles is 1:0.05 - 0.5.

[0019] For a fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance as described above, the core layer is a solid-solid phase change material.

[0020] In the fibers of the prior art, the core layer is a solid-liquid phase change material and is prone to leakage. The present invention solves the leakage problem by designing the core layer as a solid-solid phase change material.

[0021] For a fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance as described above, the core layer is a blend of PEG (polyethylene glycol) and PU with a mass ratio of 1:0.5 - 5, the number average molecular weight of PEG ≤ 800 g / mol, and the melting point of PU is 60 - 100 °C.

[0022] The core layer can also be a blend of PI (polyimide) or PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) with a suitable melting point and a copolymer with a suitable molecular weight.

[0023] A fiber membrane with both continuous cooling sensation and moisture regulation performance as described above, the cross-section of the constituent fibers is circular, the diameter of the core layer is 500 - 1000 nm, and the thickness of the skin layer is 100 - 500 nm.

[0024] A fiber membrane with both continuous cooling sensation and moisture regulation performance as described above, the moisture permeability of the fiber membrane with both continuous cooling sensation and moisture regulation performance is 8.15 - 10.14 kg·m -2 ·d -1 ⁻²·d⁻¹, the dry state breaking strength is 3.47 - 5.88 MPa, the wet state breaking strength is 2.61 - 8.47 MPa, the Q-max value (contact cooling coefficient, an important index to measure the cooling performance of fabrics, which represents the maximum value of heat loss at the moment of skin - fabric contact. When the Q-max value ≥ 0.15, it is considered to have contact cooling performance) is 0.28 - 0.43 W / cm², the cooling duration (the length of time that the fabric can continuously provide a cooling sensation after contacting the skin) is 45 - 60 min, and the moisture regulation efficiency is 0.01 - 2% / min.

[0025] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a fiber membrane with both continuous cooling sensation and moisture regulation performance as described in any one of the above. After separately preparing the skin layer spinning solution and the core layer spinning solution, coaxial electrospinning is carried out to obtain a fiber membrane with both continuous cooling sensation and moisture regulation performance.

[0026] As a preferred technical solution:

[0027] For the method as described above, the process parameters of coaxial electrospinning include: the injection rate of the skin layer spinning solution is 2 - 5 mL / h, the injection rate of the core layer spinning solution is 0.3 - 1.5 mL / h, the spinning voltage is 18 - 22 kV, the spinning distance is 20 - 30 cm, the ambient temperature is 20 - 30 °C, the ambient relative humidity is 30 - 70%, the sliding table moving speed is 50 - 100 cm / min, and the receiving roller rotation speed is 50 - 100 r / min.

[0028] The present invention also provides an application of a fiber membrane with both continuous cooling sensation and moisture regulation performance as described in any one of the above, which is used for personal protection, outdoor sports, aerospace or military equipment.

[0029] Beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The core layer in the constituent fibers of the fiber membrane with both continuous cooling and moisture regulation properties of the present invention has a phase change characteristic, and the phase change temperature is 28 - 32°C, which is close to the human body's comfortable temperature range (usually around 28°C). When the ambient temperature exceeds this phase change temperature, the core layer absorbs heat through phase change, thereby reducing the temperature around the human body.

[0031] When the fiber contacts the human body, the core layer is activated, absorbs the heat of the human body, reduces the core temperature of the human body, and maintains a comfortable microclimate.

[0032] When the ambient temperature rises or physical activity intensifies, the human body generates sweat vapor. The functional particles in the fiber adsorb the sweat vapor. At the same time, the latent heat absorbed by the core layer promotes the evaporation of moisture, and the released moisture enhances the evaporation cooling effect, forming a self - sustaining positive feedback loop to synergistically amplify the overall cooling effect.

[0033] 2. The functional particles in the constituent fibers of the fiber membrane with both continuous cooling and moisture regulation properties of the present invention have a porous structure, a high specific surface area, and adsorption properties, and can dynamically adjust the absorption and release of moisture. When the ambient relative humidity is relatively high, the fiber quickly adsorbs sweat vapor, reducing the sense of stuffiness. When the environment is dry, the fiber gradually releases the stored moisture to maintain the relative humidity regulation and stability of the microenvironment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the continuous cooling and moisture regulation mechanism of the fiber membrane with both continuous cooling and moisture regulation properties of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a TEM image of TMRT fiber (in this figure, the gray circular area in the background part is the copper mesh structure that is used to support the sample during TEM sample preparation and is difficult to avoid);

[0036] Figure 3 It is an infrared comparison image of TMRT fiber membrane, PAC fiber membrane, PPEG fiber membrane, and PU fiber membrane in the simulated skin experiment; among them, a is the physical layout diagram of the initial state of each fiber membrane, and b is the infrared thermal imaging diagram corresponding to each fiber membrane at 0 / 0.3 / 0.6 min;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a temperature comparison curve of the simulated skin, TMRT fiber membrane, PAC fiber membrane, PPEG fiber membrane, and PU fiber membrane from 0 to 20 min in the simulated skin experiment;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a relative humidity - time comparison curve for the moisture regulation efficiency test of TMRT fiber membrane, PAC fiber membrane, PPEG fiber membrane, and PU fiber membrane;

[0039] Figure 6It is the relative humidity-time comparison curve of the TMRT fiber membrane and the PET fabric in the moisture regulation experiment;

[0040] Figure 7 It is the comparison curve of the cool feeling duration test of the TMRT fiber membrane and the PET fabric. Specific embodiments

[0041] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application.

[0042] The following are the test methods for relevant performance indicators and the specific processes of relevant experiments in each embodiment and comparative example:

[0043] Melting point: Tested according to the standard GB / T 617-2006 "General Method for the Determination of Melting Range of Chemical Reagents".

[0044] Porosity: The porosity of the functional particles is tested according to the standard GB / T19587-2017 "Determination of Specific Surface Area of Solid Materials by Gas Adsorption BET Method", using an ASAP 2460 surface area analyzer and calculating the porosity (P) according to the following formula:

[0045] P = Vp / Vt × 100%;

[0046] In the formula, Vp is the pore volume per unit mass of the functional particles (unit: cm 3 / g), and Vt is the total volume per unit mass of the functional particles (unit: cm 3 / g).

[0047] Specific surface area: Tested according to the standard GB / T19587-2017 "Determination of Specific Surface Area of Solid Materials by Gas Adsorption BET Method", using an ASAP 2460 surface area analyzer.

[0048] Adsorption capacity for water vapor: First, dry the functional particles in a 60 °C vacuum oven until constant weight (at this time, the weight is m0, unit: g), then place them in a constant temperature and humidity chamber (temperature 25 °C, relative humidity 90%) for 72 h, take out the functional particles and weigh them (at this time, the weight is m1, unit: g), and calculate the adsorption capacity C of the functional particles for water vapor according to the following formula abs (unit: mg / g):

[0049] C abs = (m1 - m0) × 10 3 / m0.

[0050] Phase transition temperature: measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC250).

[0051] Water vapor permeability: tested according to standard GB / T 12704.1-200 "Test method for water vapor permeability of textile fabrics - Part 1: Moisture absorption method".

[0052] Dry / wet breaking strength: tested according to standard GBT3923.1-2013 "Tensile properties of textile fabrics Part 1: Determination of breaking force and elongation at break (strip method)".

[0053] Q-max value: tested according to standard GB / T 35263-2017 "Testing and evaluation of the instantaneous cooling properties of textiles".

[0054] Duration of cool feeling: The test is conducted according to the standard T CNGA 23-2021 "Testing and evaluation of the continuous cooling performance of clothing", and the time corresponding to the temperature starting to rise and approaching 30°C is taken as the duration of the cool feeling; among which, the ambient temperature is 35°C and the relative humidity is 30%.

[0055] Moisture regulation efficiency: In an environment with a relative humidity of 31±1%, first prepare an acrylic box with a cubic structure (length 25cm, width 21cm, height 42cm). A switch door is set on the side of the box (to facilitate the insertion or removal of the fiber membrane). A square (5cm×5cm) through-hole is opened in the center of the top of the box. A humidifier (manufacturer: Xiaomi Technology Co., Ltd., model: MJJSQ02LX) is set at the through-hole. The steam outlet of the humidifier is facing the inside of the box. The initial temperature in the box is 23℃, and the initial relative humidity in the box ranges from 15-40% (within this range, the initial relative humidity in the box has no obvious effect on the test results, and any value can be selected). A hygrometer (for real-time monitoring of the relative humidity within the box, manufactured by China Medecine Co., Ltd., model JR900) was placed in a sealed state. A fiber membrane (25 cm long, 20 cm wide) was then laid flat on the bottom of the box. Six cycles of humidity adjustment were then performed continuously. The specific process for a single humidity adjustment cycle was as follows: water vapor was introduced into the box through the through-hole using a humidifier (operating at the first gear). One minute after the start of water vapor introduction (the start of water vapor introduction in each cycle was marked as 0 min), water vapor introduction was stopped, and equilibrium was continued for 9 minutes, completing one humidity adjustment cycle. The relative humidity within the box was recorded over time. After the cycle was completed, the adjustment efficiency at time i was calculated using the following formula:

[0056] υ i =(H i -Hi-k ) / {i - (i - k)};

[0057] Wherein, i = 1min, 2min, 3min…; k = 1min; H i is the relative humidity inside the box at time i, with the unit of %; H i-k is the relative humidity inside the box at time i - k, with the unit of %; υ i is the adjustment efficiency at time i, with the unit of % / min;

[0058] In each cycle, 9 adjustment efficiencies can be obtained. The maximum and minimum values among all the adjustment efficiencies obtained after 6 cycles are taken as the upper and lower limits, and all the adjustment efficiencies obtained after 6 cycles are summarized into a range value, which is the moisture adjustment efficiency of the fiber membrane;

[0059] The test process is carried out in parallel 3 times, and the average value is taken as the final result.

[0060] Simulated skin experiment: First, prepare a simulated skin (cut from JY370 type silicone rubber produced by Omega Company in the United States, with a thickness of 1 mm), and distilled water is sprayed on the simulated skin (the role is to simulate sweat, and the spraying amount is 0.1 mL / cm 2 ). There is a heater at the bottom of the simulated skin, and an insulating foam wrapped with aluminum foil is placed below the heater (the role is to reduce the heat loss at the bottom of the simulated skin); Subsequently, the fiber membrane is covered on the simulated skin, the heater is started to heat the simulated skin, and at the same time, a FOTRIC 310 type infrared thermal imaging camera (manufactured by Shanghai Thermal Imaging Technology Co., Ltd.) is used to monitor the real-time temperature of the simulated skin and the fiber membrane, and the temperature-time curve of the simulated skin and the fiber membrane within 0 - 20 min is obtained.

[0061] Moisture adjustment experiment: In an environment with a relative humidity of 31 ± 1%, first prepare an acrylic box, the box is in a cube structure (length 25 cm, width 21 cm, height 42 cm), there is a switch door on the side of the box (for easy insertion and removal of the fiber membrane), a square (5 cm × 5 cm) through-hole is opened at the center of the top of the box, and a humidifier (manufactured by Xiaomi Technology Co., Ltd., model MJJSQ02LX) is installed at the through-hole, the steam outlet of the humidifier faces the inside of the box, a horizontally arranged partition divides the internal space of the box into upper and lower chambers, the volumes of the upper and lower chambers are equal, the partition can be drawn out from the box, and the initial temperature inside the box is 23 °C; Subsequently, first draw out the partition, lay the fiber membrane / PET fabric (length 25 cm, width 20 cm) flat on the bottom of the box, then insert the partition, start the humidifier, after the relative humidity in the upper chamber reaches 35% / 60% / 90%, then draw out the partition, and record the change curve of the relative humidity inside the box with time.

[0062] The grammage of the fiber membranes with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance in the following examples is 43 g / m 2 , and the thickness is 158 μm for all of them.

[0063] Example 1

[0064] A method for preparing a fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance is as follows:

[0065] (1) Preparation of raw materials;

[0066] DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide);

[0067] PU: The melting point is 60 °C;

[0068] Functional particles: Nano-activated carbon, with a pore size of 10 - 30 nm, a porosity of 90%, a specific surface area of 500 m 2 / g, a particle size of 0.1 - 0.5 μm, and an adsorption capacity for water vapor of 200 mg / g under the conditions of a temperature of 25 °C and a relative humidity of 90%;

[0069] PEG: Manufactured by Shanghai Aladdin Reagent Co., Ltd., product number P103726, and the number-average molecular weight is 800 g / mol;

[0070] (2) Prepare the skin layer spinning solution and the core layer spinning solution respectively;

[0071] The skin layer spinning solution consists of DMF, PU, and functional particles. The mass ratio of PU to functional particles is 1:0.05, and the total concentration of the skin layer substrate and functional particles is 20 wt%;

[0072] The core layer spinning solution consists of DMF, PEG, and PU. The mass ratio of PEG to PU is 1:2, and the total concentration of PEG and PU is 20 wt%;

[0073] (3) Prepare a fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance;

[0074] Perform coaxial electrospinning on the skin layer spinning solution and the core layer spinning solution to obtain a fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance;

[0075] The process parameters of coaxial electrospinning are: the injection rate of the skin layer spinning solution is 2 mL / h, the injection rate of the core layer spinning solution is 0.3 mL / h, the spinning voltage is 18 kV, the spinning distance is 20 cm, the ambient temperature is 20 °C, the ambient relative humidity is 30%, the sliding table moving speed is 100 cm / min, and the receiving roller rotation speed is 50 r / min.

[0076] The constituent fibers of the finally obtained fiber membrane with both persistent cool feeling and moisture regulation performance (denoted as TMRT fibers, as shown in TEM Figure 2 ) consist of a cortex and a core layer, with a circular cross-section. The core layer has phase change characteristics, the phase change temperature of the core layer is 28.7 °C, the diameter of the core layer is 800 nm, and the thickness of the cortex is 200 nm; the moisture permeability of the fiber membrane with both persistent cool feeling and moisture regulation performance (denoted as TMRT fiber membrane) is 10.14 kg·m -2 ·d -1 , the dry state breaking strength is 5.88 MPa, the wet state breaking strength is 6.56 MPa, the Q-max value is 0.43 W / cm², the cool feeling duration is 60 min, and the moisture regulation efficiency is 0.05 - 3% / min.

[0077] A moisture regulation experiment was carried out on the TMRT fiber membrane and a PET fabric (manufacturer: Quanzhou Senli Textile Trade Co., Ltd., product number: 1308, gram weight 85 g / m 2 ). The obtained comparative curve of the change of relative humidity - time is as shown in Figure 6 . It can be seen from Figure 6 that the moisture regulation efficiency of the TMRT fiber membrane in various relative humidity environments is significantly better than that of the PET fabric.

[0078] The comparative curve of the cool feeling duration test between the TMRT fiber membrane and the PET fabric is as shown in Figure 7 . It can be seen from Figure 7 that the TMRT fiber membrane still maintains a surface temperature of 29.8 °C (<30 °C) after 60 min, while the PET fabric exceeds 30 °C within only 22 min, indicating that the TMRT fiber membrane has better persistent cool feeling characteristics.

[0079] Comparative Example 1

[0080] A method for preparing a PAC fiber membrane, which is only different from Example 1 in that: PEG in the core layer spinning solution is replaced by an equal mass of PU.

[0081] Comparative Example 2

[0082] A method for preparing a PPEG fiber membrane, which is only different from Example 1 in that: there are no functional particles in the cortex spinning solution.

[0083] Comparative Example 3

[0084] A method for preparing a PU fiber membrane, which is only different from Example 1 in that: there are no functional particles in the cortex spinning solution, and the core layer spinning solution is the same as the cortex spinning solution.

[0085] The final products of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are denoted as PAC fiber membranes, PPEG fiber membranes, and PU fiber membranes in sequence. Simulated skin experiments were conducted on TMRT fiber membranes, PAC fiber membranes, PPEG fiber membranes, and PU fiber membranes respectively, and the results are as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown; the relative humidity-time comparison curves of the moisture regulation efficiency tests of TMRT fiber membranes, PAC fiber membranes, PPEG fiber membranes, and PU fiber membranes are as Figure 5 shown. It can be seen from Figures 3 to 5 that the PAC fiber membrane, PPEG fiber membrane, and PU fiber membrane have significantly poorer inhibitory effects on the simulated skin temperature rise and moisture regulation performance. The reasons are as follows:

[0086] In the PAC fiber membrane, since PEG in the core spinning solution is replaced by PU, the core layer loses its phase change characteristics, and it can neither absorb heat through phase change to provide an active cooling source when the temperature rises, nor does it have the process of latent heat of phase change promoting water evaporation. As a result, the adsorbed moisture cannot be effectively converted into evaporative heat dissipation, leading to the accumulation of stuffy feelings; in the PPEG fiber membrane, since functional particles are not added to the skin layer spinning solution, when the human body sweats, it cannot quickly adsorb the simulated sweat vapor, and the simulated sweat accumulates on the skin surface and hinders the evaporative cooling effect. At the same time, due to the lack of the adsorption effect of functional particles, the latent heat released by the core layer phase change cannot amplify the cooling effect through the "adsorption-evaporation" cycle, resulting in a poor inhibitory effect on the simulated skin temperature rise; in the PU fiber membrane, since functional particles are not added to the skin layer and PEG is not used in the core layer, both the "moisture adsorption" and "phase change cooling" mechanisms are lost. In terms of moisture regulation, it can neither adsorb the simulated sweat vapor through functional particles nor promote water evaporation through the latent heat of phase change, resulting in an imbalance of environmental humidity and the inability to effectively transfer heat.

[0087] Comparative Example 4

[0088] A method for manufacturing a fiber membrane, which is only different from Example 1 in that: the functional particles are nano-aluminum oxide; the pore diameter of the nano-aluminum oxide is 10 - 30 nm, the porosity is 90%, the specific surface area is 500 m 2 / g, and the particle size is 0.1 - 0.5 μm.

[0089] The cool feeling duration of the finally prepared fiber membrane is 10 min, and the moisture regulation efficiency is 0 - 0.05% / min.

[0090] Comparative Example 5

[0091] A method for manufacturing a fiber membrane, which is only different from Example 1 in that: the functional particles are nano-zinc oxide; the pore diameter of the nano-zinc oxide is 10 - 30 nm, the porosity is 90%, the specific surface area is 500 m 2 / g, and the particle size is 0.1 - 0.5 μm.

[0092] The cooling sensation duration of the finally obtained fiber membrane is 5 min, and the moisture regulation efficiency is 0 - 0.05% / min.

[0093] Compared with Example 1, the cooling sensation duration and moisture regulation efficiency of the fiber membranes prepared in Comparative Example 4 and Comparative Example 5 are significantly worse. This is because the functional particles used in Comparative Example 4 and Comparative Example 5 do not have the property of adsorbing sweat vapor, and cannot timely discharge the moisture and heat on the skin surface, resulting in the accumulation of sweat on the skin surface and hindering the evaporation cooling effect. At the same time, due to the lack of active adsorption ability for sweat vapor, the heat and moisture exchange efficiency inside the fiber is low, and the body surface heat cannot be taken away in time through water evaporation, thus leading to the decline of its continuous cooling performance and moisture regulation performance.

[0094] Example 2

[0095] A method for preparing a fiber membrane with both continuous cooling sensation and moisture regulation performance, the specific steps are as follows:

[0096] (1) Preparation of raw materials;

[0097] DMF (N,N - dimethylformamide);

[0098] PU: The melting point is 60 °C;

[0099] Functional particles: Nano - activated carbon, the pore size is 20 - 50 nm, the porosity is 92%, the specific surface area is 900 m 2 / g, the particle size is 0.3 - 1 μm, and the adsorption capacity for water vapor is 300 mg / g under the conditions of a temperature of 25 °C and a relative humidity of 90%;

[0100] PEG: The manufacturer is Shanghai Aladdin Reagent Co., Ltd., the product number is P103726, and the number - average molecular weight is 800 g / mol;

[0101] (2) Prepare the skin - layer spinning solution and the core - layer spinning solution respectively;

[0102] The skin - layer spinning solution is composed of DMF, PU and functional particles, and the mass ratio of PU to functional particles is 1:0.1, and the total concentration of the skin - layer substrate and functional particles is 20 wt%;

[0103] The core - layer spinning solution is composed of DMF, PEG and PU, and the mass ratio of PEG to PU is 1:5, and the total concentration of PEG and PU is 20 wt%;

[0104] (3) Prepare a fiber membrane with both continuous cooling sensation and moisture regulation performance;

[0105] Perform coaxial electrospinning on the skin - layer spinning solution and the core - layer spinning solution to obtain a fiber membrane with both continuous cooling sensation and moisture regulation performance;

[0106] The process parameters of coaxial electrospinning are as follows: the injection rate of the skin layer spinning solution is 3 mL / h, the injection rate of the core layer spinning solution is 1 mL / h, the spinning voltage is 20 kV, the spinning distance is 20 cm, the ambient temperature is 25 °C, the ambient relative humidity is 50%, the moving speed of the sliding table is 70 cm / min, and the rotation speed of the receiving roller is 50 r / min.

[0107] The component fibers of the finally prepared fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance are composed of a skin layer and a core layer, with a circular cross-section. The core layer has phase change characteristics, the phase change temperature of the core layer is 30 °C, the diameter of the core layer is 1000 nm, and the thickness of the skin layer is 100 nm; the moisture permeability of the fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance is 8.15 kg·m -2 ·d -1 , the dry state breaking strength is 5.27 MPa, the wet state breaking strength is 2.61 MPa, the Q-max value is 0.38 W / cm², the cool feeling duration is 45 min, and the moisture regulation efficiency is 0.01 - 1% / min.

[0108] Example 3

[0109] A method for preparing a fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance is as follows:

[0110] (1) Preparation of raw materials;

[0111] DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide);

[0112] PU: The melting point is 80 °C;

[0113] Functional particles: nano-activated carbon, with a pore diameter of 20 - 50 nm, a porosity of 95%, a specific surface area of 1200 m 2 / g, a particle size of 0.3 - 1.2 μm, and a water vapor adsorption capacity of 200 mg / g under the conditions of a temperature of 25 °C and a relative humidity of 90%;

[0114] PEG: Manufactured by Shanghai Aladdin Reagent Co., Ltd., product number P103727, number average molecular weight 600 g / mol;

[0115] (2) Prepare the skin layer spinning solution and the core layer spinning solution separately;

[0116] The skin layer spinning solution is composed of DMF, PU and functional particles. The mass ratio of PU to functional particles is 1:0.3, and the total concentration of the skin layer substrate and functional particles is 20 wt%;

[0117] The core layer spinning solution is composed of DMF, PEG and PU. The mass ratio of PEG to PU is 1:3, and the total concentration of PEG and PU is 20 wt%;

[0118] (3) Prepare a fiber membrane with both persistent cooling sensation and moisture regulation performance;

[0119] Perform coaxial electrospinning on the skin layer spinning solution and the core layer spinning solution to obtain a fiber membrane with both persistent cooling sensation and moisture regulation performance;

[0120] The process parameters of the coaxial electrospinning are as follows: the injection rate of the skin layer spinning solution is 4 mL / h, the injection rate of the core layer spinning solution is 1.3 mL / h, the spinning voltage is 18 kV, the spinning distance is 25 cm, the ambient temperature is 30 °C, the ambient relative humidity is 50%, the sliding table moving speed is 100 cm / min, and the receiving roller rotation speed is 100 r / min.

[0121] The constituent fibers of the finally prepared fiber membrane with both persistent cooling sensation and moisture regulation performance are composed of a skin layer and a core layer, the cross-section is circular, the core layer has phase change characteristics, the phase change temperature of the core layer is 31 °C, the diameter of the core layer is 900 nm, and the thickness of the skin layer is 300 nm; the moisture permeability of the fiber membrane with both persistent cooling sensation and moisture regulation performance is 9.61 kg·m -2 ·d -1 , the dry state breaking strength is 4.48 MPa, the wet state breaking strength is 8.47 MPa, the Q-max value is 0.33 W / cm², the cooling sensation duration is 50 min, and the moisture regulation efficiency is 0.01 - 1.5% / min.

[0122] Example 4

[0123] A manufacturing method of a fiber membrane with both persistent cooling sensation and moisture regulation performance, the specific steps are as follows:

[0124] (1) Preparation of raw materials;

[0125] DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide);

[0126] PU: The melting point is 100 °C;

[0127] Functional particles: nano-activated carbon, with a pore diameter of 70 - 100 nm, a porosity of 95%, a specific surface area of 1500 m 2 / g, a particle size of 1.5 - 2 μm, and a water vapor adsorption capacity of 250 mg / g at a temperature of 25 °C and a relative humidity of 90%;

[0128] PEG: Manufactured by Shanghai Aladdin Reagent Co., Ltd., product number P103737, number average molecular weight 400 g / mol;

[0129] (2) Prepare the skin layer spinning solution and the core layer spinning solution respectively;

[0130] The cortical spinning solution is composed of DMF, PU and functional particles. The mass ratio of PU to functional particles is 1:0.5, and the total concentration of the cortical substrate and functional particles is 20 wt%.

[0131] The core spinning solution is composed of DMF, PEG and PU. The mass ratio of PEG to PU is 1:0.5, and the total concentration of PEG and PU is 20 wt%.

[0132] (3)Prepare a fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance;

[0133] Perform coaxial electrospinning on the cortical spinning solution and the core spinning solution to obtain a fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance;

[0134] The process parameters of coaxial electrospinning are as follows: the injection rate of the cortical spinning solution is 5 mL / h, the injection rate of the core spinning solution is 1.5 mL / h, the spinning voltage is 22 kV, the spinning distance is 30 cm, the ambient temperature is 25 °C, the ambient relative humidity is 70%, the sliding table moving speed is 50 cm / min, and the receiving roller rotation speed is 75 r / min.

[0135] The constituent fibers of the finally prepared fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance are composed of a cortex and a core, the cross-section is circular, the core has a phase change characteristic, the phase change temperature of the core is 32 °C, the diameter of the core is 500 nm, and the thickness of the cortex is 500 nm; the moisture permeability of the fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance is 9.96 kg·m -2 ·d -1 , the dry state breaking strength is 3.47 MPa, the wet state breaking strength is 2.61 MPa, the Q-max value is 0.28 W / cm², the cool feeling duration is 55 min, and the moisture regulation efficiency is 0.02 - 2% / min.

[0136] The present invention prepares a fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance through coaxial electrospinning. The cool feeling duration reaches 45 - 60 min, and the moisture regulation efficiency reaches 0.01 - 2% / min. This functionality enables it to resist heat accumulation in high-temperature environments in the field of personal protection, adapt to changing climates during outdoor sports to maintain wearing comfort, meet lightweight thermal regulation requirements under extreme temperatures in the field of aerospace, and balance protection functions and microclimate management in complex environments in military equipment scenarios.

Claims

1. A fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance, the constituent fibers of which have a skin-core structure, the skin layer includes a skin layer substrate and functional particles, and the core layer has phase change characteristics, characterized in that, The functional particles have the property of adsorbing sweat vapor; the phase change temperature of the core layer is 28 - 32 °C.

2. The fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional particles are activated carbon and / or nano mineral materials.

3. The fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance according to claim 2, characterized in that The aperture of the functional particles is 10 - 100 nm, the porosity is ≥ 85%, the specific surface area is 500 - 1500 m 2 / g, the particle size is 0.1 - 2 μm, and the adsorption capacity for water vapor is ≥ 200 mg / g under the conditions of a temperature of 25 °C and a relative humidity of 90%.

4. A fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The skin layer substrate is PU.

5. A fiber membrane having both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of the skin layer substrate to the functional particles is 1:0.05 - 0.

5.

6. A fiber membrane with both continuous cooling sensation and moisture regulation performance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core layer is a solid-solid phase change material.

7. The fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance according to claim 6, characterized in that The core layer is a blend of PEG and PU with a mass ratio of 1:0.5 - 5, the number average molecular weight of PEG ≤ 800 g / mol, and the melting point of PU is 60 - 100 °C.

8. A fiber membrane having both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of its constituent fibers is circular, the diameter of the core layer is 500 - 1000 nm, and the thickness of the skin layer is 100 - 500 nm.

9. A fiber membrane having both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The moisture permeability of the fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance is 8.15 - 10.14 kg·m -2 ·d -1 , the dry state breaking strength is 3.47 - 5.88 MPa, the wet state breaking strength is 2.61 - 8.47 MPa, the Q-max value is 0.28 - 0.43 W / cm², the cool feeling duration is 45 - 60 min, and the moisture regulation efficiency is 0.01 - 2% / min.

10. A method for preparing a fiber membrane having both persistent cool feeling and moisture regulation performance as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, After separately preparing the skin layer spinning solution and the core layer spinning solution, coaxial electrospinning is carried out to obtain a fiber membrane with both continuous cool feeling and moisture regulation performance.

11. The manufacturing method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The process parameters of coaxial electrospinning include: the injection rate of the skin layer spinning solution is 2 - 5 mL / h, the injection rate of the core layer spinning solution is 0.3 - 1.5 mL / h, the spinning voltage is 18 - 22 kV, the spinning distance is 20 - 30 cm, the ambient temperature is 20 - 30 °C, the ambient relative humidity is 30 - 70%, the sliding table moving speed is 50 - 100 cm / min, and the receiving roller rotation speed is 50 - 100 r / min.

12. Use of a fiber membrane having both a continuous cooling sensation and moisture regulation performance as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It is used for personal protection, outdoor sports, aerospace or military equipment.

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