Deep stratum oil and gas flexible drilling extraction device

Abstract

The invention particularly relates to the technical field of deep stratum oil and gas extraction, in particular to a deep stratum oil and gas flexible drilling extraction device which comprises an extraction shell, a flexible drilling device and a flexible drilling device. The supporting mechanism is fixedly connected with the extraction shell; the rotating seat is rotatably arranged in the sliding cavity of the extraction shell, one end of the rotating seat is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor through a rotating shaft, and the other end of the rotating seat is telescopically connected with the spring seat; a hollow drill bit is installed at one end of the drill rod, the other end of the drill rod is movably arranged in the sliding cavity and fixedly connected with the spring seat, and the side wall of the drill rod is sleeved with a first spring; the extraction end of the oil and gas extraction pipeline system is communicated with the interior of the inner cavity of the hollow drill bit. A second spring is arranged in a telescopic rod in the supporting mechanism, so that when a supporting plate makes contact with the inner wall of a drill hole, the supporting force can be dynamically adjusted according to the rock stratum hardness, device shaking caused by insufficient supporting is prevented, the situation that a well wall structure is damaged due to overpressure is avoided, and therefore the supporting and protecting effects on the drill hole are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention specifically relates to the technical field of deep rock layer oil and gas extraction, and more specifically, to a flexible drilling and extraction device for deep rock layer oil and gas. Background Art

[0002] Due to the gradual depletion of shallow oil and gas resources, the object of oil and gas exploration and development has gradually shifted to complex deep layers. However, the geological conditions of deep rock layers are complex, such as high temperature, high pressure, high stress, and complex rock structures, which bring many obstacles to oil and gas extraction. Moreover, the distribution of deep rock layer oil and gas reservoirs is often irregular and complex, making it difficult to penetrate hard rock layers. And deep oil and gas reservoirs (such as shale oil and tight gas) are usually located in hard and high-stress rock layers. Traditional drilling and extraction devices are in rigid contact with the rock layer during extraction, resulting in problems such as fast wear, low efficiency, and easy sticking of the drill. When further exploring deeper layers, there is no support for the inner wall of the drill hole. Under the action of vibration, the drill hole is extremely prone to rock layer cracking and other conditions, resulting in low extraction rates or engineering accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the present invention proposes a flexible extraction drilling device for deep rock layer oil and gas to solve the technical problems raised in the above background art.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A flexible drilling and extraction device for deep rock layer oil and gas, comprising:

[0005] An extraction housing, inside which a motor is fixedly arranged;

[0006] A support mechanism, which is fixedly connected to one end of the extraction housing;

[0007] A turntable, which is rotatably arranged in the sliding cavity of the extraction housing, and one end of the turntable is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor through a rotating shaft, and the other end of the turntable is telescopically connected to a spring seat;

[0008] A drill pipe, one end of which is equipped with a hollow drill bit. The other end of the drill pipe is movably arranged in the sliding cavity of the extraction housing and is fixedly connected to the spring seat. And a first spring sleeved on the side wall of the drill pipe is arranged between the inner wall of the extraction housing and the drill pipe;

[0009] And an oil and gas extraction pipeline system, the extraction end of which is communicated with the inner cavity of the hollow drill bit, and the evacuation end of the oil and gas extraction pipeline system is communicated with a suction pump.

[0010] Further, the support mechanism includes: a support housing, a push cylinder, a plurality of support plates, and a plurality of outward expansion drive mechanisms, wherein:

[0011] The supporting housing is fixedly connected to the end of the extraction housing. On the outer wall of the supporting housing, a plurality of chutes with the same number and matching shapes as the support plates are arranged in a circumferential array, and each support plate is movably arranged in the chute;

[0012] The pushing cylinder is fixed inside the supporting housing. A plurality of the outward expansion driving mechanisms are installed on the moving end of the pushing cylinder, and each outward expansion driving mechanism is driven by the moving end of the pushing cylinder and drives a plurality of support plates to move synchronously in or out of the chute;

[0013] Furthermore, the outward expansion driving mechanism includes:

[0014] A sleeve, which is fixedly sleeved on the moving end of the pushing cylinder;

[0015] A plurality of telescopic rods, which are arranged in a circumferential array along the sleeve. One end of each telescopic rod is hinged to the side wall of the sleeve, and the other end of each telescopic member is hinged with a sliding column. The sliding column is slidably arranged in a limiting hole on the inner wall of the supporting housing, and the end of the sliding column is fixedly connected to the support plate;

[0016] And a second spring, and the sliding part of the inner sliding rod of each telescopic member is wound with a second spring;

[0017] Furthermore, the outer surface of each support plate is set as a smooth surface;

[0018] Furthermore, a plurality of the outward expansion driving mechanisms are arranged at equal intervals along the moving end of the pushing cylinder;

[0019] Furthermore, a plurality of sliding holes are arranged on the end surface of the rotating seat, and one end of a directional sliding rod is slidably connected in each sliding hole, and the other end of each directional sliding rod is fixedly connected to a spring seat;

[0020] Furthermore, the oil and gas extraction pipeline system includes:

[0021] A cavity, a cavity is opened inside the rotating shaft, and a plurality of second air holes are provided on the cavity;

[0022] An extraction pipe, one end of the extraction pipe is communicated inside the hollow drill bit, and the other end of the extraction pipe sequentially passes through the drill pipe, the spring seat, the rotating seat, the rotating shaft, and is communicated with the air cavity of the rotating shaft;

[0023] An air guiding ring, which is rotatably connected to the rotating pump. Sealing rings that are folded inward are fixed to the left and right ends of the air guiding ring, so that a sealed cavity is formed between the air guiding ring and the outer wall of the rotating shaft. The sealed cavity is communicated with the cavity through the second air holes, and a plurality of first air holes communicating with the sealed cavity are provided on the air guiding ring;

[0024] The exhaust pipes are provided in the same number as the first air holes. One end of each exhaust pipe is connected to the first air hole, and the other end of each exhaust pipe penetrates through the support mechanism and is connected to a suction pump;

[0025] Furthermore, sealing rings are provided between the two sealing rings and the rotating shaft.

[0026] The present invention adopts the above technical solutions and has the following beneficial effects compared with the existing technologies: In the device of the present invention, the drill pipe is elastically connected to the rotating seat through the spring seat, forming an axial buffer during the drilling process, reducing the risk of drill bit wear or sticking caused by the impact of hard rock formations, and is particularly suitable for the intermittent fragmentation working conditions of high-stress rock formations;

[0027] Moreover, the telescopic member in the support mechanism is internally provided with a second spring, enabling the support plate to dynamically adjust the support force according to the rock formation hardness when contacting the drilling rock wall, preventing the device from shaking due to insufficient support and avoiding overpressure from damaging the wellbore structure, thereby playing a role in supporting and protecting the drill hole. Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural sectional view of a flexible drilling and extraction device for deep rock formation oil and gas of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 an enlarged schematic view of structure A in

[0030] Figure 3 It is a connection schematic diagram of the rotating shaft and the air guide ring in a flexible drilling and extraction device for deep rock formation oil and gas of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is Figure 1 an enlarged schematic view of structure B in

[0032] In the figure: 1, support plate; 2, extraction pipe; 3, hollow drill bit; 4, drill pipe; 5, first spring; 6, spring seat; 7, extraction housing; 8, motor; 9, support housing; 10, sliding column; 11, limiting hole; 12, second spring; 13, sleeve; 14, moving end of the push cylinder; 15, telescopic rod; 16, air guide ring; 17, first air hole; 18, sealing ring; 19, second air hole; 20, rotating shaft; 21, cavity; 22, directional sliding rod; 23, sliding hole; 24, rotating seat; 25, sliding cavity; 26, sealed cavity. Detailed Embodiments

[0033] The technical solution adopted by the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the specification drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] As Figure 1 shown, a flexible drilling and extraction device for deep rock layer oil and gas of the present invention includes:

[0035] An extraction housing 7, inside which a motor 8 is fixedly arranged, and the output shaft of the motor 8 is arranged parallel to the axis of the extraction housing 7;

[0036] A swivel base 24, one end of the extraction housing 7 away from the motor 8 is provided with a sliding cavity 25, the swivel base 24 is rotatably arranged in the sliding cavity 25 of the extraction housing 7, and one end of the swivel base 24 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 8 through a rotating shaft 20, and the other end of the swivel base 24 is telescopically connected to a spring seat 6;

[0037] Further, in this embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, the realization manner of the telescopic connection between the spring seat 6 and the swivel base 24 is: a plurality of sliding holes 23 are arranged on the end face of the swivel base 24 away from the rotating shaft 20, one end of each directional sliding rod 22 can be slidably connected in each sliding hole 23, and the other end of each directional sliding rod 22 is fixedly connected to the spring seat 6.

[0038] A drill pipe 4, one end of which is fixedly connected to a hollow drill bit 3, the other end of the drill pipe 4 is movably arranged in the sliding cavity 25 of the extraction housing 7 and is fixedly connected to the spring seat 6, and a first spring 5 sleeved on the side wall of the drill pipe 4 is arranged between the inner wall of the extraction housing 7 and the drill pipe 4;

[0039] Further, in this embodiment, the support mechanism is composed of a support housing 9, a push cylinder, a plurality of support plates 1 and an outward expansion driving mechanism matching the number of the support plates 1, wherein:

[0040] The support housing 9 is fixedly connected to the end of the extraction housing 7, on the outer wall of the support housing 9, chutes with the same number and matching shape as the support plates 1 are arranged in a circumferential array along the support housing 9, and each support plate 1 is movably arranged in the chute;

[0041] The push cylinder is fixed inside the support housing 9, the moving end 14 of the push cylinder is arranged parallel to the axis of the support housing 9, a plurality of outward expansion driving mechanisms are fixed on the moving end 14 of the push cylinder, the plurality of outward expansion driving mechanisms are preferably arranged at equal intervals along the moving end 14 of the push cylinder, and each outward expansion driving mechanism is driven by the moving end 14 of the push cylinder and drives the plurality of support plates 1 in the chutes on the outer wall of the support housing 9 to move synchronously in or out of the chutes;

[0042] Specifically, under the driving action of the moving end portion 14 of the pushing cylinder, the outer expansion driving mechanism is used to push a plurality of support plates 1 to expand outward synchronously along the sliding grooves, so as to form a supporting force evenly distributed along the circumference of the support housing 9 on the inner wall of the drilling hole, ensuring the centering and stability of the entire device in the drilling hole, and avoiding the collapse of the wellbore or the deviation of the tool;

[0043] Preferably, the outer surface of each support plate 1 is set as a smooth surface, and the smooth surface of the support plate 1 can reduce the frictional resistance with the inner wall of the drilling hole, which is suitable for long-distance propulsion.

[0044] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the outer expansion driving mechanism includes:

[0045] A casing 13, which is fixedly sleeved on the moving end portion 14 of the pushing cylinder;

[0046] A plurality of telescopic rods 15, which are arranged in an array along the circumferential direction of the casing 13, and one end of each telescopic rod 15 is hinged on the side wall of the casing 13, and the other end of each telescopic rod 15 is hinged with a sliding column 10. The sliding column 10 is slidably arranged in a stepped limiting hole 11 on the inner wall of the support housing 9, and the outer end of the sliding column 10 is fixedly connected with the support plate 1;

[0047] And a second spring 12, and a second spring 12 is wound between the sliding-out part of the inner sliding rod and the outer sliding rod in each telescopic rod 15;

[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment, under the drive of the moving end portion 14 of the pushing cylinder, the outer sliding of the telescopic rod 15 drives one end of the second spring 12 to be compressed, and the other end of the second spring 12 drives the inner sliding rod of the telescopic rod 15 to push the sliding column 10 out of the limiting hole 11, so as to push the support plate 1 out of the sliding groove on the outer wall of the housing 9. At the same time, the second spring 12 built in the telescopic rod 15 in the support mechanism also enables the support plate 1 to dynamically adjust the supporting force according to the rock formation hardness when contacting the inner wall of the drilling hole, preventing the device from shaking caused by insufficient support and avoiding overpressure from damaging the wellbore structure (especially crucial for fractured formations), thereby playing a role in supporting and protecting the drilling hole.

[0049] The present invention further includes: an oil and gas extraction pipeline system, the extraction end of which is communicated with the inner cavity of the hollow drill bit 3, and the evacuation end of the oil and gas extraction pipeline system is communicated with a suction pump.

[0050] Specifically, in this embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, the oil and gas extraction pipeline system includes:

[0051] A cavity 21, which is opened in the interior of the rotating shaft 20, and a plurality of air holes two 19 communicating with the outside of the rotating shaft 20 are arranged on the cavity 21;

[0052] The extraction pipe 2, one end of which is connected to the hollow interior of the hollow drill bit 3, and the other end of the extraction pipe 2 sequentially passes through the drill pipe 4, the spring seat 6, the swivel base 24, and the rotating shaft 20, and is connected to the cavity 21 of the rotating shaft 20;

[0053] The air guide ring 16, which is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 20. Sealing rings that fold inward are fixed to both the left and right ends of the air guide ring 16, so that a sealed cavity 26 is formed between the air guide ring 16 and the outer wall of the rotating shaft 20, and the sealed cavity 26 communicates with the cavity 21 through the second air hole 19. A plurality of first air holes 17 communicating with the sealed cavity 26 are provided on the air guide ring 16;

[0054] The evacuation pipes, the number of which is the same as that of the first air holes 17. One end of each evacuation pipe is connected to the first air hole 17, and the other end of each evacuation pipe penetrates through the support housing 9 of the support mechanism and is connected to a suction pump outside the entire device;

[0055] Specifically, under the action of the suction pump, the oil and gas pass through the extraction pipe 2 inside the hollow drill bit 3, are discharged from the second air hole 19 through the cavity 21 of the rotating shaft 20 into the sealed cavity 26, and then are discharged through the first air hole 17 via the evacuation pipes to realize the synchronous operation of drilling and extraction, reducing the drilling stop time of traditional segmented operations.

[0056] In this embodiment, sealing rings 18 are provided between both sealing rings and the rotating shaft 20;

[0057] Specifically, a combination of double sealing rings and the sealing ring 18 is adopted between the air guide ring 16 and the rotating shaft 20 to ensure airtightness under rotating conditions, prevent high-pressure oil and gas leakage, and at the same time reduce frictional losses.

[0058] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flexible drilling and extraction device for oil and gas in deep rock formations, characterized in that Comprising: A pumping housing (7), inside which a motor (8) is fixedly arranged; A support mechanism fixedly connected to one end of the pumping housing (7); A swivel base (24) rotatably arranged in a sliding cavity (25) of the pumping housing (7), with one end of the swivel base (24) fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor (8) through a rotating shaft (20), and the other end of the swivel base (24) telescopically connected to a spring seat (6); A drill pipe (4), with a hollow drill bit (3) installed at one end, the other end of the drill pipe (4) movably arranged in the sliding cavity (25) of the pumping housing (7) and fixedly connected to the spring seat (6), and a first spring (5) sleeved on the side wall of the drill pipe (4) is arranged between the inner wall of the pumping housing (7) and the drill pipe (4); And an oil and gas pumping pipeline system, whose pumping end is communicated with the inner cavity of the hollow drill bit (3), and the evacuation end of the oil and gas pumping pipeline system is communicated with a suction pump.

2. The flexible borehole drainage device for deep rock layer oil and gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support mechanism includes: a support housing (9), a push cylinder, a plurality of support plates (1) and a plurality of outward expansion driving mechanisms, where: The support housing (9) is fixedly connected to the end of the pumping housing (7), and chutes with the same number and matching shapes as the support plates (1) are circumferentially arranged on the outer wall of the support housing (9), and each support plate (1) is movably arranged in the chute; The push cylinder is fixed inside the support housing (9), and a plurality of outward expansion driving mechanisms are arranged on the moving end (14) of the push cylinder, and each outward expansion driving mechanism is driven by the moving end (14) of the push cylinder to drive the plurality of support plates (1) to move synchronously in or out of the chute.

3. The flexible borehole drainage device for deep rock layer oil and gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outward expansion driving mechanism includes: A sleeve (13) fixedly sleeved on the moving end (14) of the push cylinder; A plurality of telescopic rods (15) arranged along the circumferential direction of the sleeve (13), with one end of each telescopic rod (15) hinged to the side wall of the sleeve (13), and the other end of each telescopic member (15) hinged with a sliding column (10), the sliding column (10) is slidably arranged in a limiting hole (11) on the inner wall of the support housing (9), and the end of the sliding column (10) is fixedly connected to the support plate (1); And a second spring (12), with the sliding part of the inner sliding rod of each telescopic member (15) wound with a second spring (12).

4. The flexible drilling and extraction device for deep rock layer oil and gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surface of each support plate (1) is set as a smooth surface.

5. The flexible borehole drainage device for deep rock layer oil and gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of outward expansion driving mechanisms are arranged equidistantly along the moving end (14) of the push cylinder.

6. The flexible borehole drainage device for deep rock stratum oil and gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of sliding holes (23) are arranged on the end surface of the swivel base (24), and one end of a directional sliding rod (22) is slidably fitted in each sliding hole (23), and the other end of each directional sliding rod (22) is fixedly connected to the spring seat (6).

7. A flexible drilling and extraction device for deep rock layer oil and gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil and gas pumping pipeline system includes: A cavity (21), a cavity (21) is opened inside the rotating shaft (20), and a plurality of second air holes (19) are arranged on the cavity (21); A drainage pipe (2), one end of the drainage pipe (2) is connected to the inside of a hollow drill bit (3), and the other end of the drainage pipe (2) sequentially passes through a drill pipe (4), a spring seat (6), a swivel base (24), and a rotating shaft (20), and is connected to the air cavity (21) of the rotating shaft (20); An air guiding ring (16), which is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (20). Sealing rings that fold inward are fixed to both the left and right ends of the air guiding ring (16), such that a sealed cavity (26) is formed between the air guiding ring (16) and the outer wall of the rotating shaft 20. The sealed cavity (26) is communicated with the cavity (21) through a second air hole (19), and a plurality of first air holes (17) that communicate with the sealed cavity (26) are provided on the air guiding ring (16); Emptying pipes, the number of which is the same as that of the first air holes (17). One end of each emptying pipe is connected to a first air hole (17), and the other end of each emptying pipe penetrates through a support mechanism and is connected to a suction pump.

8. The flexible borehole drainage device for deep rock stratum oil and gas according to claim 7, characterized in that: Sealing rings (18) are provided between both of the sealing rings and the rotating shaft (20).

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