Open-type TBM gripper shoe supporting device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunneling equipment, and discloses an open-type TBM gripper shoe supporting device which comprises a main beam, a plurality of oil cylinders hinged to the main beam and gripper shoe bodies with the number equal to that of the oil cylinders, shaft bodies are arranged on the opposite sides of every two adjacent gripper shoe bodies distributed on any side of the main beam and hinged to each other, and the shaft bodies are connected with the main beam. The shaft body is internally provided with an adjusting motor which is used for enabling the two opposite supporting shoe bodies to rotate relatively by taking the shaft body as a circle center, and when the TBM tunneled tunnel steers, the two supporting shoe bodies close to the inner steering side of the steering circle center rotate relatively by taking the hinge point shaft body as an axis, and the opposite sides of the two supporting shoe bodies move towards the direction close to the main beam; and the outer steering side far away from the steering circle center moves oppositely to form and maintain the state of being attached to the inner wall of the steering tunnel. The supporting shoe shield has the effect of improving the tight fitting performance of the supporting shoe shield and the roadway wall, and the fitting problem of a traditional TBM supporting shoe in small-radius turning construction is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunneling equipment, and more specifically, it relates to an open TBM shoe support device. Background Art

[0002] The open tunnel boring machine (TBM) achieves a balance between high-efficiency tunneling and flexible support in medium-hard rock formation tunnel projects. The open TBM generally consists of components such as a cutter head, a main drive, a shield, a main beam, a saddle, and shoe supports. Among them, the shoe support mechanism, as a key subsystem for providing propulsion reaction force and fuselage stability, guarantees the continuous operation ability of the TBM.

[0003] Specifically, the shoe support mechanism of the open TBM tightly presses the shoe plates against the tunnel sidewall through hydraulic drive, and uses the compressive strength of the rock mass itself to form a reaction force, providing rigid support for the cutter head propulsion and segment installation. In homogeneous hard rock formations, the shoe support mechanism can efficiently transmit thousands of tons of propulsion force.

[0004] Traditional TBM shield designs are usually suitable for tunneling in straight or large-radius tunnels. In small-radius turning construction, due to the significant increase in the arc caused by the tunnel turning, there are obvious limitations in the structure of traditional shields, making it difficult to closely fit with the roadway wall. In this case, it is not only difficult to provide the necessary and stable support, but also may cause gaps between the shield and the roadway wall, increasing the instability and safety risks during the construction process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention discloses an open TBM shoe support device to solve the technical problems in the above background art.

[0006] The present invention discloses an open TBM shoe support device, which includes a main beam, a plurality of oil cylinders hinged to the main beam, and shoe body parts equivalent in number to the oil cylinders. On the opposite sides of two adjacent shoe body parts distributed on either side of the main beam, shafts are provided and are hinged to each other. An adjustment motor for enabling the two opposite shoe body parts to rotate relative to each other with the shaft as the center is arranged inside the shaft.

[0007] When the TBM is tunneling and turning the tunnel, the two shoe body parts on the inner turning side close to the turning center rotate relative to each other with the hinge point shaft as the axis, and move the opposite sides thereof towards the direction close to the main beam, while the outer turning side far from the turning center moves in the opposite direction, forming and maintaining a state of fitting with the inner wall of the turning tunnel.

[0008] It further includes a movable component for further improving the fitting support stability of the turning roadway.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of pressure sensors are arranged on the surface of the shoe body parts, and the plurality of pressure sensors are electrically connected to the adjustment motor.

[0010] Preferably, the movable component includes an extension plate slidable within the shoe body. A push plate is fixedly connected to one side of the extension plate close to the inside of the shoe body. A movable motor is installed within the shoe body, and an output end of the movable motor is fixedly connected to a threaded shaft. The threaded shaft is connected to the push plate through a clutch assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the clutch assembly includes a clutch plate threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded shaft. A groove adapted to the clutch plate is formed on the surface of the push plate, and a mating assembly for engaging or disengaging the clutch plate and the groove is provided on the surface of the clutch plate.

[0012] Preferably, it further includes a piercing component. The piercing component includes a plurality of anchor nails. A plurality of anchor holes adapted to the anchor nails are formed on one side of the shoe body away from the main beam. The plurality of anchor nails are connected to each other through a connecting plate. A propulsion cylinder is provided on one side of the connecting plate. The propulsion cylinder is connected to the connecting plate through a piston rod. An oil box adapted to the clutch plate is installed within the shoe body. A piston rod slides within the oil box. The oil box is connected to the propulsion cylinder through an oil pipe.

[0013] Preferably, a spring is installed within the oil box. Two ends of the spring are respectively fixedly connected to the oil box and the piston rod.

[0014] Preferably, an appropriate amount of hydraulic oil is filled within both the oil box and the propulsion cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the mating assembly includes a slider slidably limited within the clutch plate. The slider is connected to the clutch plate through a plurality of tension springs. A positioning groove adapted to the slider is formed within the push plate. When one end of the slider slides into the positioning groove, the clutch plate and the push plate can move synchronously.

[0016] Preferably, a card hole is formed on the surface of the slider. A positioning plate adapted to the card hole is fixedly connected within the shoe body. One end of the positioning plate close to the clutch plate is arc-shaped. When the positioning plate passes through the card hole, one end of the slider is clamped into the positioning groove.

[0017] Preferably, a limiting shaft is fixedly connected within the groove on the surface of the push plate. The limiting shaft penetrates through the clutch plate.

[0018] Preferably, a distance sensor and a receiving plate are respectively installed on opposite sides of two adjacent shoe bodies. The distance sensor is electrically connected to the movable motor and the adjusting motor.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] The present invention sets the supporting shoes as split type, sets a hinge structure, and through real-time sensing and monitoring by pressure sensors and distance sensors, the adaptive adjustment ensures the close fit between the supporting shoe shield and the roadway wall, significantly improving the stability and safety of tunnel construction, providing reliable technical support for small-radius turning construction in deep rock strata, and effectively solving the fitting problem of traditional TBM supporting shoes in small-radius turning construction.

[0021] The present invention strengthens the support stability of the curved supporting shoes by setting extension plates and anchor nails, further increasing the support contact area and piercing the rock wall, enhancing the turning construction ability of the open TBM.

[0022] According to the stress characteristics of the rock wall near the inner side of the turning tunnel, since the body and cutter head of the shield machine need to deflect towards the center of the circle during propulsion, the inner rock wall bears greater radial extrusion stress. By using extension plates to increase the support area of the supporting shoes, the radial extrusion stress is dispersed, improving the support stability.

[0023] According to the stress characteristics of the rock wall near the outer side of the turning tunnel, the outer side is on the opposite side of the turning center of the circle and has a larger radius of curvature. When the shield machine is propelled, the outer rock wall is subjected to pushing and pulling forces, and the outer supporting shoes need to resist the outward sliding force caused by the centrifugal force. Therefore, by driving anchor nails into the rock wall, the stability is further enhanced and the outward sliding is reduced. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is the top-view structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram for showing the support state of the curved tunnel of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram for showing the internal structure of the supporting shoe body of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is the schematic diagram for showing the push plate and its nearby structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 is the schematic diagram for showing the state of the clutch plate disengaged from the push plate of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 is the schematic diagram for showing the push plate and its internal structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 is the schematic diagram for showing the piercing assembly of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Main beam; 11. Oil cylinder; 2. Boot body; 21. Pressure sensor; 22. Shaft body; 221. Adjusting motor; 23. Distance sensor; 231. Receiving plate; 3. Extension plate; 31. Moving motor; 311. Threaded shaft; 312. Pushing plate; 313. Positioning groove; 32. Clutch plate; 321. Limit shaft; 322. Slide block; 323. Card hole; 324. Tension spring; 33. Positioning plate; 4. Oil box; 41. Piston rod; 411. Spring; 42. Propelling cylinder; 43. Connecting plate; 431. Anchor nail. Specific embodiments

[0033] Now, the subject matter described herein will be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that discussing these embodiments is only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the subject matter described herein. Without departing from the scope of protection of the content of this specification, changes can be made to the functions and arrangements of the elements discussed. Each example can omit, substitute, or add various processes or components as needed. Additionally, the features described in some examples can also be combined in other examples.

[0034] In an embodiment of the present invention, an open - type TBM boot support device is disclosed. As shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 , it includes a main beam 1, which is installed at the central position of the TBM tunneling machine and is used to provide the main support, several oil cylinders 11 hinged to the main beam 1, and boot bodies 2 having the same number as the oil cylinders 11. There are four groups of oil cylinders 11, with every two as a group, grouped on both sides of the main beam 1, and the boot bodies 2 are hinged to the oil cylinders 11. The oil cylinders 11 are hydraulic oil cylinders 11, which are used for the support of the boots, and their output pressure is between 25 MPa and 35 MPa. On the opposite sides of the adjacent two boot bodies 2 on either side of the main beam 1, there are shaft bodies 22. The shaft bodies 22 are fixedly connected to the boot bodies 2 and are hinged to each other. An adjusting motor 221 for enabling the two opposite boot bodies 2 to rotate relative to each other with the shaft body 22 as the center is provided inside the shaft body 22. Among them, the adjusting motor 221 is provided in any one of the shaft bodies 22, and its output shaft is connected to the other shaft body 22. In this way, when the adjusting motor 221 outputs, it can drive the two hinged shaft bodies 2 to rotate, and further cause the two adjacent boot bodies 2 to rotate relative to each other.

[0035] When the TBM tunnels and turns, the two boot bodies 2 on the inner turning side close to the turning center rotate relative to each other with the hinge point shaft body 22 as the axis, and move the opposite sides of the two towards the direction close to the main beam 1, while the outer turning side far from the turning center moves in the opposite direction, forming a state of fitting with the inner wall of the turning tunnel and maintaining it, that is, as shown in Figure 3In the shown state, the support shoe body 2 with a certain relative angle can more comprehensively fit and adapt to the inner wall of the tunnel at the turning point. The rotational deflection directions of the support shoe bodies 2 on the inner turning side and the outer turning side are opposite. It should be noted that the rotational angle of the support shoe body 2 should be adjusted first, and then through the output of the oil cylinder 11, the support shoe body 2 is pushed to be close to the inner wall of the tunnel, thereby achieving a more stable support effect.

[0036] It further includes a movable component for further improving the fitting support stability of the turning roadway.

[0037] Among them, a plurality of pressure sensors 21 are arranged on the surface of the support shoe body 2. The plurality of pressure sensors 21 form a pressure conduction array and are distributed at different positions on the surface of the support shoe body 2. When the support shoe body 2 is closely attached to the surface of the tunnel wall, the pressure sensors 21 at each position can sense the tightening pressure in real time. The plurality of pressure sensors 21 are electrically connected to the adjustment motor 221. Different pressure sensors 21 sense the extrusion forces at different positions on the surface of the support shoe body 2, and then the adjustment motor 221 is used to adjust the rotational angle of the adjacent support shoe body 2 in real time, so as to improve the adaptive support stability of the support shoe body 2.

[0038] As Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, in one embodiment, the movable component includes an extension plate 3 that slides inside the support shoe body 2. When the extension plate 3 slides out of the support shoe body 2, the width of the support shoe body 2 can be increased. Further, the surface area of contact between the support shoe body 2 and the tunnel wall is increased to improve the tightening stability of the turning tunnel wall. A push plate 312 is fixedly connected to one side of the extension plate 3 close to the inside of the support shoe body 2. An activity motor 31 is installed inside the support shoe body 2. The output end of the activity motor 31 is fixedly connected to a threaded shaft 311. The threaded shaft 311 is connected to the push plate 312 through a clutch component. Driven by the activity motor 31, the threaded shaft 311 rotates, and then the clutch component drives the push plate 312 to move. The push plate 312 pushes the extension plate 3 to extend out of the support shoe body 2, thereby increasing the width of the support shoe body 2, that is, the effective area of contact with the tunnel wall.

[0039] Further, in this embodiment, the clutch component includes a clutch plate 32. The clutch plate 32 is threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded shaft 311, and a groove for fitting with the clutch plate 32 is formed on the surface of the push plate 312. A matching component for making the clutch plate 32 fit or disengage from the groove is arranged on the surface of the clutch plate 32. Through the arrangement of the matching component, after the clutch plate 32 is clamped into the groove for fitting, the rotation of the threaded shaft 311 will drive the clutch plate 32 on its surface to move, and then drive the push plate 312 to move.

[0040] As Figure 4 、 Figure 8As shown, in this embodiment, it further includes a piercing assembly. The piercing assembly includes a number of anchor nails 431. On the side of the support boot body 2 away from the main beam 1, a number of anchor holes adapted to the anchor nails 431 are provided. In the normal state, the anchor nails 431 retract into the support boot body 2, that is, they are located in the anchor holes. A number of the anchor nails 431 are connected to each other through a connecting plate 43. The connecting plate 43 slides inside the support boot body 2. On one side of the connecting plate 43, a propulsion cylinder 42 is provided. The propulsion cylinder 42 is connected to the connecting plate 43 through a piston rod. The piston rod is fixedly connected to the surface of the connecting plate 43 and is limited to slide in the propulsion cylinder 42. In the normal state, the piston rod is completely inserted into the interior of the propulsion cylinder 42. An oil box 4 adapted to the clutch plate 32 is installed in the support boot body 2. A piston rod 41 slides in the oil box 4. The oil box 4 is connected to the propulsion cylinder 42 through a oil pipe.

[0041] Specifically, through the setting of the cooperation assembly, when it is not necessary to extend the extension plate 3 outside the support boot body 2, the cooperation assembly disengages the clutch plate 32 from the groove. Then, under the reverse rotation of the movable motor 31, the threaded shaft 311 drives the clutch plate 32 to move towards the direction of the piston rod 41 until it contacts and presses the piston rod 41. The piston rod 41 compresses the medium in the oil box 4 and transmits the thrust to the propulsion cylinder 42 through the oil pipe, prompting the piston rod to push the connecting plate 43 outwards. The connecting plate 43 pushes a number of anchor nails 431 out of the anchor holes. After the anchor nails 431 extend out of the anchor holes, it is further convenient to insert the anchor nails 431 into the rock wall when the support boot body 2 abuts against the hole wall, thereby improving the stability and firmness of the hole wall support.

[0042] Among them, a spring 411 is installed in the oil box 4. Both ends of the spring 411 are fixedly connected to the oil box 4 and the piston rod 41 respectively. Through the setting of the spring 411, when the piston rod 41 is pressed into the oil box 4, the spring 411 is compressed. When the clutch plate 32 no longer presses the piston rod 41, the spring 411 returns to its original position and pushes the piston rod 41 outwards through its elastic potential energy. The movement of the piston rod 41 creates a vacuum in the oil box 4, prompting the medium in the propulsion cylinder 42 to enter the oil box 4 through the oil pipe, thereby sucking the piston rod into the propulsion cylinder 42 and retracting the anchor nails 431 inwards. An appropriate amount of hydraulic oil is filled in both the oil box 4 and the propulsion cylinder 42. Through the setting of the hydraulic oil, a stable pressure conversion medium is provided.

[0043] Such as Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the mating component includes a slider 322 that is limited and slides within the clutch plate 32. The slider 322 is connected to the clutch plate 32 by a plurality of tension springs 324. Both ends of the tension spring 324 are fixedly connected to the slider 322 and the clutch plate 32 respectively. A positioning groove 313 adapted to the slider 322 is formed in the push plate 312. When one end of the slider 322 slides into the positioning groove 313, the clutch plate 32 and the push plate 312 can move synchronously.

[0044] Furthermore, a clamping hole 323 is formed on the surface of the slider 322. A positioning plate 33 adapted to the clamping hole 323 is fixedly connected within the support shoe body 2. One end of the positioning plate 33 close to the clutch plate 32 is arc-shaped. When the positioning plate 33 passes through the clamping hole 323, one end of the slider 322 is clamped into the positioning groove 313, and the length of the positioning plate 33 is the same as the length when the extension plate 3 is completely retracted into the support shoe body 2.

[0045] Specifically, due to the setting of the positioning plate 33, during the process that the driving motor 31 drives the threaded shaft 311 to rotate, causing the clutch plate 32 to be clamped into the groove and push the push plate 312 to continuously move, the arc-shaped end of the positioning plate 33 contacts and gradually slides into the clamping hole 323, causing the slider 322 to slide due to the offset effect of the arc-shaped surface on the surface of the positioning plate 33, stretching the tension spring 324, and further clamping into the positioning groove 313. At this time, due to the continuous presence of the positioning plate 33, the slider 322 is always clamped within the positioning groove 313. Whether the extension plate 3 needs to extend or retract into the support shoe body 2, it can be completed under the condition of the forward or reverse rotation of the driving motor 31. After the extension plate 3 is completely retracted into the support shoe body 2, since the length of the positioning plate 33 is the same as the length when the extension plate 3 is completely retracted into the support shoe body 2, at this time the slider 322 moves to the end of the positioning plate 33. Without the restriction of the positioning plate 33, under the pulling-back action of the tension spring 324, the slider 322 is pulled out from the positioning groove 313, thereby canceling the combined state of the clutch plate 32 and the push plate 312. At this time, when the clutch plate 32 moves towards the direction of the piston rod 41, it will not drive the push plate 312 to move together, ensuring that the extension plate 3 and the anchor nail 431 will not extend simultaneously, and avoiding the problem of space pressure caused by the extension of the extension plate 3 under certain narrow hole wall conditions where the anchor nail 431 is required.

[0046] Wherein, a limiting shaft 321 is fixedly connected within the groove on the surface of the push plate 312. The limiting shaft 321 penetrates through the clutch plate 32. Through the setting of the limiting shaft 321, the limiting effect on the clutch plate 32 is effectively improved, avoiding synchronous rotation under the rotation of the threaded shaft 311.

[0047] Distance sensors 23 and receiving plates 231 are respectively installed on the opposite sides of two adjacent support shoe bodies 2. The distance sensors 23 are electrically connected to the movable motor 31 and the adjustment motor 221. Further, the distance sensors 23 are electrically connected to the pressure sensors 21. By providing the distance sensors 23 and the receiving plates 231, it is used to sense the distance between two adjacent support shoe bodies 2 in real time, and then judge the angle or opening / closing state between the support shoe bodies 2 at this time. In cooperation with the pressure conduction matrix of the pressure sensors 21, the fitting state between the support shoe shield and the roadway wall is monitored in real time to ensure that the support shoe shield can provide necessary support. Using the data of this monitoring system, the angle of the hinge shaft body 22 of the support shoe body 2 is adjusted at any time to maintain the close fitting between the support shoe shield and the roadway wall.

[0048] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but these embodiments are not limited to the above specific implementation manners. The above specific implementation manners are merely illustrative rather than restrictive. Under the inspiration of this embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make more equivalent embodiments in various forms, all of which fall within the protection scope of this embodiment.

Claims

1. An open-type TBM shoe support device, characterized in that, It includes a main beam (1), several oil cylinders (11) hinged to the main beam (1), and shoe body (2) with the same number as the oil cylinders (11). On the opposite sides of two adjacent shoe body (2) distributed on either side of the main beam (1), a shaft body (22) is provided and they are hinged to each other. An adjustment motor (221) is provided inside the shaft body (22) for enabling the two opposite shoe body (2) to rotate relative to each other with the shaft body (22) as the center of the circle. When the TBM tunnels and turns, the two shoe body (2) on the inner turning side close to the turning center rotate relative to each other with the shaft body (22) of their hinge point as the axis, and make the opposite sides of the two move towards the direction close to the main beam (1), while the outer turning side far from the turning center moves in the opposite direction, forming a state of fitting with the inner wall of the turning tunnel and maintaining it. It further includes a movable component for further improving the fitting and supporting stability of the turning roadway.

2. The open TBM shoe support device according to claim 1, wherein, The movable component includes an extension plate (3) sliding inside the shoe body (2). A push plate (312) is fixedly connected to the side of the extension plate (3) close to the inside of the shoe body (2). A movable motor (31) is installed inside the shoe body (2). The output end of the movable motor (31) is fixedly connected to a threaded shaft (311). The threaded shaft (311) is connected to the push plate (312) through a clutch component.

3. An open TBM shoe support device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The clutch component includes a clutch plate (32). The clutch plate (32) is threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded shaft (311), and a groove for fitting with the clutch plate (32) is formed on the surface of the push plate (312). A matching component for enabling the clutch plate (32) to fit or disengage with the groove is provided on the surface of the clutch plate (32).

4. An open TBM shoe support device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that It further includes a piercing component. The piercing component includes several anchor nails (431). A plurality of anchor holes adapted to the anchor nails (431) are formed on the side of the shoe body (2) far from the main beam (1). The several anchor nails (431) are connected to each other through a connecting plate (43). A propulsion cylinder (42) is provided on one side of the connecting plate (43). The propulsion cylinder (42) is connected to the connecting plate (43) through a piston rod. An oil box (4) adapted to the clutch plate (32) is installed inside the shoe body (2). A piston rod (41) slides inside the oil box (4). The oil box (4) is connected to the propulsion cylinder (42) through an oil pipe.

5. An open TBM shoe support device according to claim 4, characterized in that A spring (411) is installed inside the oil box (4). Both ends of the spring (411) are fixedly connected to the oil box (4) and the piston rod (41) respectively.

6. The open - type TBM shoe support device according to claim 4, characterized in that, An appropriate amount of hydraulic oil is filled in both the oil box (4) and the propulsion cylinder (42).

7. An open TBM shoe support device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The matching component includes a slider (322) sliding in a limited way inside the clutch plate (32). The slider (322) is connected to the clutch plate (32) through several tension springs (324). A positioning groove (313) adapted to the slider (322) is formed inside the push plate (312). When one end of the slider (322) slides into the positioning groove (313), the clutch plate (32) and the push plate (312) can move synchronously.

8. An open TBM shoe support device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The surface of the slider (322) is provided with a clamping hole (323), and a positioning plate (33) adapted to the clamping hole (323) is fixedly connected inside the support shoe body (2). One end of the positioning plate (33) close to the clutch plate (32) is arc-shaped. When the positioning plate (33) passes through the clamping hole (323), one end of the slider (322) is clamped into the positioning groove (313).

9. The open - type TBM shoe support device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A limiting shaft (321) is fixedly connected in the groove on the surface of the push plate (312), and the limiting shaft (321) penetrates through the clutch plate (32).

10. The open - type TBM shoe support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A distance sensor (23) and a receiving plate (231) are respectively installed on the opposite sides of two adjacent support shoe bodies (2), and the distance sensor (23) is electrically connected to the movable motor (31) and the adjusting motor (221).

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